Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „OSLC Consumer“

PurposeA person's optimum stimulation level (OSL) reflects one's desired level of environmental stimulation and predisposition to act in the presence of environments. The purpose of this paper is to propose a comprehensive model, which illustrates that consumers with different levels of OSL have differing evaluations of retail store elements, shopping value and subsequent shopping behaviours.Design/methodology/approachTo examine the relationship between OSL and consumer perceptions and behaviours, interviews were conducted with retail shoppers in Taiwan (n=147).FindingsTaiwanese shoppers with a high OSL were found to have more favourable evaluations of a store's ambient, design, layout and density elements than did consumers with a low OSL. Additionally, the high OSL shoppers reported higher hedonic and utilitarian values from their shopping. Most importantly, the shoppers with a high OSL spent more time and money in stores.Practical implicationsWith this research, hopefully retailers will pay even more attention to the ambient, design and layout elements of their stores. In doing so, they might be able to attract more consumers with a high OSL and entice them to spend more money.Originality/valueThe paper contributes to the growing body of international retailing research by examining the effects of shoppers' optimum stimulation levels on their perceptions toward store elements, perceived shopping value, and purchase behaviours. Moreover, a comprehensive framework is put forth to assist future research.

The optimum stimulation level (OSL) and value priorities of 3 493 South Africans were measured in the first administration of Steenkamp and Baumgartner's new shortened Change Seeker Index (CSl) and Schwartz' new Portraits Questionnaire (PQ) in a nationally-representative developing nation sample. Both instruments performed well in a demanding cross-cultural test as part of a syndicated research study. The results indicate that high and low OSL consumers exhibit value differences consistent with Schwartz' theory about the content and structure of values suggesting that the shortened CSI may be tapping value differences. The predicted sinusoid pattern between value priorities and OSL also emerged. The association between values and brand loyalty exhibited three general sinusoid patterns. Comparative sample partitions based on value priorities and OSLs suggest that values may be sensitive to a wider range of motivations that underlie differences in exploratory product acquisition, shopping behaviour and brand loyalty. The results suggest that value priorities and OSL are important influences on brand loyalty behaviour.

As societies urbanize, a growing proportion of the global population and an increasing number of housing units will be needed in urban areas. High-rise buildings and environmentally friendly, renewable materials must play important roles in sustainable urban development. To achieve this, it is imperative that policy makers, planners, architects, and construction companies understand consumer preferences. We use data from urban dwellers in the Oslo region of Norway to develop an understanding of material preferences in relation to environmental attitudes and knowledge about wood. We emphasise wood compared with other building materials in various applications (structural, exterior, and interior) within urban apartment blocks. We use 503 responses from a web panel. Our findings show that Oslo area consumers tend to prefer materials other than wood in various applications in apartment blocks, especially structural applications. Still, some respondent prefer wood, including some applications in apartment blocks where wood is currently not commonly used. The best target for wood-based urban housing includes younger people who have strong environmental values. As environmental attitudes evolve in society and a greater proportion of consumers search out environmentally friendly product alternatives, the opportunities for wood to gain market share will most likely increase.

An informed consumer can compensate for several potential food safety violations or contaminations that may occur earlier in the food production chain. However, a consumer can also destroy the work of others in the chain by poor food handling practices, e.g., by storing chilled ready-to-eat foods at abusive temperatures. To target risk-reducing strategies, consumer groups with high-risk behavior should be identified. The aim of this study was to identify demographic characteristics associated with high-risk food handling practices among Norwegian consumers. More than 2,000 randomly selected Norwegian consumers were surveyed, and the results were analyzed with a risk-based grading system, awarding demerit points for self-reported food safety violations. The violations were categorized into groups, and an ordinary multiple linear regression analysis was run on the summarized demerit score for each group and for the entire survey group as a whole. Young and elderly men were identified as the least informed consumer groups with the most unsafe practices regarding food safety. Single persons reported poorer practices than those in a relationship. People with higher education reported poorer practices than those with lower or no education, and those living in the capital of Norway (Oslo) reported following more unsafe food practices than people living elsewhere in Norway. Men reported poorer food safety practices than women in all categories with two exceptions: parboiling raw vegetables before consumption and knowledge of refrigerator temperature. These findings suggest that risk-reducing measures should target men, and a strategy is needed to change their behavior and attitudes.

Oslo/Donegal/Deggendorf. Trotz Rekordernten und einem wertsteigernden Zuwachs verarbeiteter Consumer Products muss Lachsproduzent Mowi 2020 einen Umsatzrückgang verkraften. Besonders beim irischen Bio-Lachs zählt Nachhaltigkeit hoch.

Increased ROS proto-oncogene 1 (ROS1) expression has been implicated in the invasiveness of human oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). The cellular distribution of ROS1 has long-been assumed at the plasma membrane. However, a previous work reported a differential cellular distribution of mutant ROS1 derived from chromosomal translocation, resulting in increased carcinogenesis. We thus hypothesized that cellular distribution of upregulated ROS1 in OSCC may correlate with invasiveness. We found that ROS1 can localize to mitochondria in the highly invasive OSCC and identified a mitochondria-targeting signal sequence in ROS1. We also demonstrated that ROS1 targeting to mitochondria is required for mitochondrial fission phenotype in the highly invasive OSCC cells. OSCC cells expressing high levels of ROS1 consumed more oxygen and had increased levels of cellular ATP levels. Our results also revealed that ROS1 regulates mitochondrial biogenesis and cellular metabolic plasticity. Together, these findings demonstrate that ROS1 targeting to mitochondria enhances OSCC invasion through regulating mitochondrial morphogenesis and cellular respiratory.

The worldwide annual incidence of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is over 300,000 cases with a mortality rate of 48%. This cancer type accounts for 90% of all oral cancers, with the highest incidence in men over 50 years of age. A significantly increased risk of developing OSCC exists among smokers and people who consume alcohol daily. OSCC is an aggressive cancer that metastasizes rapidly. Despite the development of new therapies in the treatment of OSCC, no significant increase in 5-year survival has been recorded in the past decades. The latest research suggests focus should be put on examining tumor stroma activation within OSCC, as the stroma may contain cells that can produce signal molecules and a microenvironment crucial for the development of metastases. The aim of this review is to provide an insight into the factors that activate OSCC stroma and hence faciliate neoplastic progression. It is based on the currently available data on the role and interaction between metalloproteinases, cytokines, growth factors, hypoxia factor and extracellular adhesion proteins in the stroma of OSCC and neoplastic cells. Their interplay is additionally presented using the Systems Biology Graphical Notation in order to sublimate the collected knowledge and enable the more efficient recognition of possible new biomarkers in the diagnostics and follow-up of OSCC or in finding new therapeutic targets.

The development of online shopping carnivals (OSCs) is in full bloom due to the support of logistics industry and information technology. More and more people are keen to participate in them. This study contributes to literature by exploring the role of motivational factors (based on utilitarian and hedonic shopping values dimension) of the intention to participate in the actual purchase behavior of consumers and their shopping well-being in OSC. A model is developed and tested to explain consumers’ shopping process in the context of OSC. Results show that hedonic shopping values are primarily influenced by entertainment construct, and utilitarian shopping values are positively related to monetary saving, selection, and convenience. Furthermore, the correlation between hedonic shopping value and intention to participate is higher than that between utilitarian shopping value and intention to participate. The findings indicate that intention to participate in OSC exerts a stronger influence on shopping well-being than the effect on actual purchases.

As Oslo Vann og Avløpsetaten (VAV, meaning Water and Sewage Department) looks into the future, it is faced with a quandary—to replace old pipelines or to continue maintaining them. The primary goal is to improve the level of service. The secondary goals are to rejuvenate the system and stem the decline in capital value. In 1991–2006, the Operation and Maintenance expenses (O&M) were far higher than the investments, and the network aged as its capital value plummeted. However, if the funds are insufficient, the self-financing Oslo VAV would have to turn to the consumers for help. Will the consumers pay more to have a ‘younger’ system? What if they are happy with the ‘status quo’ and are unconcerned about the falling capital value? Should the pipelines be depreciated over a longer period than the 40 years which is adopted now? Should the economic method be replaced by a more engineering-based method, whereby the pipes are assessed ‘on merit’—on the basis of their service lives? There are numerous issues and a good decision will ease the road ahead. This paper, using Life Cycle Costing Analysis (LCCA) and scenarios therein, looks at how Oslo VAV could strike a balance between expending on O&M, investing in upgrading the network, and decelerating the ageing of the network while augmenting the capital value, and what is the best attainable set of targets they could aim for, at the end of the next 20 years. The two approaches mentioned above are compared with each other. It is seen that a rehabilitation programme based on the pipes performance approach is preferable to one guided by an economic lifetime approach, when the motive is to optimise expenditure and also improve the level of service.

Cílem této práce je poskytnout snadný způsob, jak rozšířit analyzační nástroj o rozhraní splňující standard OSLC. Takové rozhraní umožňuje jednoduchou integraci nástrojů s jinými nástroji nebo systémy, umožňuje jejich vzdálené použití skrze webové služby a umožňuje je jednoduše propojit s databází pro databázové dotazy a pro perzistentní uložení dat. Toto je dosaženo návrhem a implementací OSLC adaptéru pomocí sady nástrojů Eclipse Lyo. Adaptér používá jako rozhraní doménu OSLC Automation a je dostatečně univerzální na to, aby skrze toto rozhraní pokryl funkcionalitu většiny analyzačních nástrojů za pomocí jejich stávajících rozhraní na příkazové řádce. Tato práce poskytuje úvod k OSLC, Eclipse Lyo a souvisejícím konceptům. Dále tato práce definuje požadavky a odlišnosti různých analyzačních nástrojů a diskutuje návrh adaptéru a faktory, které ovlivnily návrhová rozhodnutí. A nakonec prezentuje implementovaný adaptér a jeho vyhodnocení pomocí automatizované testovací sady a pomocí experimentů s řadou analyzačních nástrojů. Nejvýznamnější ukazatel hodnocení vytvořeného adaptéru je to, že už teď je používán v praxi pro přidání OSLC rozhraní k nástrojům ANaConDA, Perun, Spectra (všechny tři vyvíjené na VeriFIT) a HiLiTE (Honeywell).

La numérisation croissante de l’économie bouleverse les canaux de distribution des vendeurs et favorise l’émergence de nouveaux acteurs : les plateformes d’intermédiation. Avec elles, le modèle traditionnel de revente laisse place à un modèle d’agence et crée un terrain fertile à différents cas de restrictions verticales. La numérisation grandissante des marchés pousse les autorités de concurrence à questionner et adapter leur analyse économique des pratiques. Cette thèse se concentre sur l’industrie hôtelière qui fait l’objet de plusieurs cas d’espèces. Les pratiques contractuelles telles que les clauses de parité de prix imposées par les agences de voyages en ligne aux hôteliers ont fait l’objet de nombreuses investigations, principalement en Europe. Le premier chapitre de cette thèse développe un modèle d’estimation structurelle de la demande permettant d’évaluer le degré de substitution entre les canaux de distribution en en ligne d'une chaîne d'hôtels, élément crucial retenu dans la définition des marchés. A l’issue des différents cas de concurrence, les clauses de parité de prix ont partiellement ou totalement été interdites dans plusieurs pays. En réponse, les plateformes d’intermédiation ont développé de nouveaux programmes offrant aux hôteliers une visibilité accrue en l’échange d’une application volontaire de la clause de parité de prix. Le second chapitre de cette thèse étudie l’effet de l’adoption de ce type de programme sur les prix fixés par les hôteliers en différenciant l’effet lié à l’accroissement de la demande, permis par les gains de visibilité, de ceux liés à l’auto-application de la clause et à la hausse des commissions inhérentes au programme. Cette thèse porte également sur le lien entre les agences de voyage en ligne et un autre type de plateforme sur ce marché, les sites de comparaison de prix. Ces derniers promettent aux consommateurs l'affichage des offres les plus compétitives du marché mais les critères utilisés dans les algorithmes de classement font désormais débat. D'autre part, l'intégration verticale des certaines de ces plateformes à de plus grands groupes, en possédant déjà plusieurs, interroge leur impartialité. Le troisième chapitre de cette thèse étudie l’impact de l'intégration de Kayak et plusieurs agences de voyage en ligne (comme Booking.com) au sein du groupe Booking Holding sur les classements des hôtels et des canaux de vente affichés sur le site de comparaison de prix
The growing digitalization of the economy has been disrupting the sellers distribution channels and has been favoring the emergence of new players: intermediation platforms. Meanwhile the traditional resale model gives way to an agency model and creates fertile ground for different cases of vertical restraints. The increasing digitalization of markets therefore pushes competition authorities to question and adapt their economic analysis of practices. This thesis focuses on the hotel industry which has been the subject of several specific cases, especially in Europe. Contractual practices such as price parity clauses imposed by online travel agencies to hotels have been the subject of numerous investigations. The first chapter of this thesis develops a model of structural demand estimation, allowing to assess the degree of substitution between the online distribution channels of a hotel chain, a crucial element in the market definition. Following the various competition cases, price parity clauses were partially or completely prohibited in several countries. In response, the platforms have developed new programs offering hotels an increased visibility in exchange of the voluntary compliance of price parity clauses. The second chapter of this thesis studies the effect of the adoption of this program on the prices set by the hotels separating the effects linked to the demand increase, thanks to visibility gains, from those linked to the clause compliance and fee increase linked to the program. This thesis also deals with the link between online travel agencies and another type of platforms: price comparison websites. The latter promise consumers the display of the most competitive offers on the market but the criteria used in the ranking algorithms are now debated. Moreover, their vertical integration into larger groups, which also have online travel agencies, raises questions about their impartiality. The third chapter studies the impact of the integration of Kayak and several online travel agencies (such as Booking.com) within the Booking Holding group on the ranking of hotels and sales channels displayed on the price comparison website

This chapter discusses the role of corporations in human rights violations under Oslo. Oslo provided Israel with legal control over a majority of West Bank land and control over the passage of people and goods across borders, giving Israel greater freedom to build and expand the settlements in Area C, exploit its natural resources, and build the “separation wall” inside the West Bank. These activities have provided lucrative opportunities for corporate exploitation, and in most cases Israel could not conduct them without corporate assistance. The involvement of corporations in providing goods and services relating to Israel's occupation of the West Bank has been categorized by researchers into three areas: the settlement industry, exploitation of captive consumer and labor markets, and population control.