Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „OSLC adaptér“

ABSTRACTBorrelia burgdorferiOspC is required for the spirochete to establish infection in a mammal by tick transmission or needle inoculation. After a brief essential period, the protein no longer is required and the gene can be shut off. Using a system in which spirochetes contain only an unstable wild-type copy of theospCgene, we can obtain mice persistently infected with bacteria lacking OspC. We implanted pieces of infected mouse skin subcutaneously in naïve mice, using donors carrying wild-type orospCmutant spirochetes, and found that both could infect mice by this method, with similar numbers of wild-type orospCmutant spirochetes disseminated throughout the tissues of recipient mice. Recipient mouse immune responses to tissue transfer-mediated infection with wild-type orospCmutant spirochetes were similar. These experiments demonstrate that mammalian host-adapted spirochetes can infect and disseminate in mice in the absence of OspC, thereby circumventing this hallmark of tick-derived or in vitro-grown spirochetes. We propose a model in which OspC is one of a succession of functionally equivalent, essential proteins that are synthesized at different stages of mammalian infection. In this model, another protein uniquely present on host-adapted spirochetes performs the same essential function initially fulfilled by OspC. The strict temporal control ofB. burgdorferiouter surface protein gene expression may reflect immunological constraints rather than distinct functions.

Oslo red spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is a mid-season, semidwarf wheat with intermediate yield potential, eligible for grades of Canada Prairie Spring. Oslo performs best in the black soil zone; it is not well adapted to areas prone to pre-anthesis drought stress. Breeder seed of Oslo will be maintained by Saskatchewan Wheat Pool Product Development, Watrous, Saskatchewan.Key words: Triticum aestivum, wheat (spring), high yielding, cultivar description

Abstract This paper focuses on the calibration of apertures for rectangular waveguides using open-short-load (OSL) standards and transmission-line (TL) approaches. The reflection coefficients that were measured using both calibration techniques were compared with the coefficients acquired using the thru-reflect-line (TRL) method. In this study, analogous relationships between the results of OSL calibration and TL calibration were identified. In the OSL calibration method, the theoretical, open-standard values are calculated from quasi-static integral models. The proposed TL calibration procedure is a simple, rapid, broadband approach, and its results were validated by using the OSL calibration method and by comparing the results with the calculated integral admittance. The quasi-static integral models were used to convert the measured reflection coefficients to relative permittivities for the infinite samples and the thin, finite samples

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is one of the most common cancer types worldwide and can be divided into three major subsites: buccal mucosal SCC (BMSCC), tongue SCC (TSCC), and lip SCC (LSCC). The autophagy marker microtubule-associated protein light chain 3B (MAP1LC3B) and adaptor sequestosome 1(SQSTM1) are widely used proteins to evaluate autophagy in tumor tissues. However, the role of MAP1LC3B and SQSTM1 in OSCC is not fully understood, particularly in certain subsites. With a tissue microarray comprised of 498 OSCC patients, including 181 BMSCC, 244 TSCC, and 73 LSCC patients, we found that the expression levels of MAP1LC3B and cytoplasmic SQSTM1 were elevated in the tumor tissues of three subsites compared with those in adjacent normal tissues. MAP1LC3B was associated with a poor prognosis only in TSCC. SQSTM1 was associated with poor differentiation in three subsites, while the association with lymph node invasion was only observed in BMSCC. Interestingly, MAP1LC3B was positively correlated with SQSTM1 in the tumor tissues of BMSCC, whereas it showed no correlation with SQSTM1 in adjacent normal tissue. The coexpression of higher MAP1LC3B and SQSTM1 demonstrated a significantly worse disease-specific survival (DSS) and disease-free survival (DFS) in patients with BMSCC and LSCC, but not TSCC. The knockdown of MAP1LC3B and SQSTM1 reduced autophagy, cell proliferation, invasion and tumorspheres of BMSCC cells. Additionally, silencing both MAP1LC3B and SQSTM1 enhanced the cytotoxic effects of paclitaxel in the tumorspheres of BMSCC cells. Taken together, MAP1LC3B and SQSTM1 might modulate autophagy to facilitate tumorigenesis and chemoresistance in OSCC, particularly in BMSCC.

Abstract There is a growing body of work on the theory of cultural literacy, but little has been written on how to teach cultural literacy in higher education contexts. This article discusses the use of Open-space Learning (OSL) techniques as valuable tools for teaching cultural literacy. Cultural literacy and OSL are two different areas of study, but there is common ground between them, and cultural literacy can draw great benefit from the cross-pollination of ideas with OSL. The paper focuses on practice-based models used in OSL that have been adapted to teach cultural literacy. The aim of these practice-based models is to create an environment that teaches students how to transfer the analytical and critical skills that they learn as part of a literary and cultural studies (LCS) course to real-life scenarios. We argue that an important part of this learning environment is what we refer to as cognitive “destabilisation,” and discuss why OSL techniques are ideally suited to fostering such destabilisation in students.

In the second instalment of this testimonial series, Khalid Farraj recounts his experiences as an active member of the uprising in the waning days of the First Intifada, and as a student organizer at Birzeit University during what was arguably the university's most contentious and significant student council elections. In the first instalment, published by the Journal of Palestine Studies in its autumn 2017 issue, Farraj described how the uprising was organized and how it fueled the hopes and dreams of an entire generation of Palestinians. Here, he recalls how the intifada wound down, evoking the new geopolitical context that formed the backdrop to the Oslo peace process; he also provides a granular account of the spring 1994 Birzeit student council elections and anecdotes from daily life that illuminate Oslo's false promises of freedom and self-determination for the Palestinians. This first-person account was translated by Anny Gaul and adapted for publication in English by Maia Tabet. It originally appeared in issue 115 (Summer 2018) of Majallat al-Dirasat al-Filastiniyya, JPS’ Arabic-language sister journal.

The article examines changing employment relations in Norwegian warehouses, and conceptualises the increasing use of temporary agency workers as a redrawing of workplace geographies. The empirical basis for the analysis is four qualitative warehouse workplace studies, including focus group and interview data. The theoretical framework of the article combines an adapted version of the territory-place-scale-network (TPSN) framework developed by Bob Jessop, Neil Brenner and Martin Jones with the concepts of labour control and labour agency. The analysis shows how a networked recruitment system based on Swedish labour migrants, mediated via temporary work agencies, encourage workers to work their way through levels of employment insecurity in order to secure permanent employment. The article argues that the blurring and redrawing of legal boundaries through labour hire can be understood as a territorial strategy of control that affects the workplace as a scale of justice for trade unions. Moreover, the analysis shows how managerial control is conditioned by workers’ individual, habitual and collective agency.

Oncological outcomes for head-and-neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients are still unsatisfactory, especially for advanced tumor stages. Besides the moderate survival rates, the prevalence of severe treatment-induced normal tissue toxicities is high after multimodal cancer treatments, both causing significant morbidity and decreasing quality of life of surviving patients. Therefore, risk-adapted and individualized treatment approaches are urgently needed for HNSCC patients to optimize the therapeutic gain. It has been a well-known fact that especially HPV-positive oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) patients exhibit an excellent prognosis and may therefore be subject to overtreatment, resulting in long-term treatment-related toxicities. Regarding the superior prognosis of HPV-positive OSCC patients, treatment de-escalation strategies are currently investigated in several clinical trials, and HPV-positive OSCC may potentially serve as a model for treatment de-escalation also for other types of HNSCC. We performed a literature search for both published and ongoing clinical trials and critically discussed the presented concepts and results. Radiotherapy dose or volume reduction, omission or modification of concomitant chemotherapy, and usage of induction chemotherapy are common treatment de-escalation strategies that are pursued in clinical trials for biologically selected subgroups of HNSCC patients. While promising data have been reported from various Phase II trials, evidence from Phase III de-escalation trials is either lacking or has failed to demonstrate comparable outcomes for de-escalated treatments. Therefore, further data and a refinement of biological HNSCC stratification are required before deescalated radiation treatments can be recommended outside of clinical trials.

Cílem této práce je poskytnout snadný způsob, jak rozšířit analyzační nástroj o rozhraní splňující standard OSLC. Takové rozhraní umožňuje jednoduchou integraci nástrojů s jinými nástroji nebo systémy, umožňuje jejich vzdálené použití skrze webové služby a umožňuje je jednoduše propojit s databází pro databázové dotazy a pro perzistentní uložení dat. Toto je dosaženo návrhem a implementací OSLC adaptéru pomocí sady nástrojů Eclipse Lyo. Adaptér používá jako rozhraní doménu OSLC Automation a je dostatečně univerzální na to, aby skrze toto rozhraní pokryl funkcionalitu většiny analyzačních nástrojů za pomocí jejich stávajících rozhraní na příkazové řádce. Tato práce poskytuje úvod k OSLC, Eclipse Lyo a souvisejícím konceptům. Dále tato práce definuje požadavky a odlišnosti různých analyzačních nástrojů a diskutuje návrh adaptéru a faktory, které ovlivnily návrhová rozhodnutí. A nakonec prezentuje implementovaný adaptér a jeho vyhodnocení pomocí automatizované testovací sady a pomocí experimentů s řadou analyzačních nástrojů. Nejvýznamnější ukazatel hodnocení vytvořeného adaptéru je to, že už teď je používán v praxi pro přidání OSLC rozhraní k nástrojům ANaConDA, Perun, Spectra (všechny tři vyvíjené na VeriFIT) a HiLiTE (Honeywell).

Tool Integration is a vital part in the modern IT industry. With the ever increasing complexity in reality, more tools in different domains are needed in research and development process. However, currently no vendor has a complete solution for the whole process, and no mature solution to integrate different tools together, thus tools are still used separately in the industry. Due to this separation, the same information is created more than once for different tools, which is both time wasting and error prone.This thesis is part of the research to deliver a model-based tool integration framework that helps the end user design their own scenario of tool integration and implement it with less effort by generating most common parts automatically. This thesis itself is mainly focused on tool adapters, including the model-based tool adapter construction and discovery. In the first part, a model-based tool adapter construction platform conforming to OSLC is designed and implemented, based on which, the construction process of a tool adapter is presented with an example. With this platform, most of the codes and configuration files can be generated, with the exemption of the tool specific functionalities. The tool adapter is constructed as a separate SCA component, and can be included in the SCA based tool chain with minor configuration. With SCA, the deployment of the tool adapter and future management can be largely eased. In the second part, the model-based discovery process of an unknown tool adapter conforming to OSLC and our assumptions is presented in detail. With the discovery tool, the sharing of the tool adapter is made possible, and the integration of the different tools are largely eased. An example of discover an unknown tool adapter is also included for a more clear explanation. Finally, in the meanwhile of the design and implementation of the construction platform and the discovery process, the existing Matlab/Simulink tool adapter is extended and refined to make it full compatible to the standard and our tool chain.

An emerging problem in organisations is that there exist a large number of tools storing data that communicate with each other too often, throughout the process of an application or product development. However, no means of communication without the intervention of a central entity (usually a server) or storing the schema at a central repository exist. Accessing data among tools and linking them is tough and resource intensive. As part of the thesis, we develop a software (also referred to as ‘adaptor’ in the thesis), which, when implemented in the lifecycle management systems, integrates data seamlessly. This will eliminate the need of storing database schemas at a central repository and make the process of accessing data within tools less resource intensive. The adaptor acts as a wrapper to the tools and allows them to directly communicate with each other and exchange data. When using the developed adaptor for communicating data between various tools, the data in relational databases is first converted into RDF format and is then sent or received. Hence, RDF forms the crucial underlying concept on which the software will be based. The Resource description framework (RDF) provides the functionality of data integration irrespective of underlying schemas by treating data as resource and representing it as URIs. The model of RDF is a data model that is used for exchange and communication of data on the Internet and can be used in solving other real world problems like tool integration and automation of communication in relational databases. However, developing this adaptor for every tool requires understanding the individual schemas and structure of each of the tools’ database. This again requires a lot of effort for the developer of the adaptor. So, the main aim of the thesis will be to automate the development of such adaptors. With this automation, the need for anyone to manually assess the database and then develop the adaptor specific to the database is eliminated. Such adaptors and concepts can be used to implement similar solutions in other organisations faced with similar problems. In the end, the output of the thesis is an approachwhich automates the process of generating these adaptors.
Resource Description Framework (RDF) ger funktionaliteten av dataintegration, oberoende av underliggande scheman genom att behandla uppgifter som resurs och representerar det som URI. Modellen för Resource Description Framework är en datamodell som används för utbyte och kommunikation av uppgifter om Internet och kan användas för att lösa andra verkliga problem som integrationsverktyg och automatisering av kommunikation i relationsdatabaser. Ett växande problem i organisationer är att det finns ett stort antal verktyg som lagrar data och som kommunicerar med varandra alltför ofta, under hela processen för ett program eller produktutveckling. Men inga kommunikationsmedel utan ingripande av en central enhet (oftast en server) finns. Åtkomst av data mellan verktyg och länkningar mellan dem är resurskrävande. Som en del av avhandlingen utvecklar vi en programvara (även hänvisad till som "adapter" i avhandlingen), som integrerar data utan större problem. Detta kommer att eliminera behovet av att lagra databasscheman på en central lagringsplats och göra processen för att hämta data inom verktyg mindre resurskrävande. Detta kommer att ske efter beslut om en särskild strategi för att uppnå kommunikation mellan olika verktyg som kan vara en sammanslagning av många relevanta begrepp, genom studier av nya och kommande metoder som kan hjälpa i nämnda scenarier. Med den utvecklade programvaran konverteras först datat i relationsdatabaserna till RDF form och skickas och tas sedan emot i RDF format. Således utgör RDF det viktiga underliggande konceptet för programvaran. Det främsta målet med avhandlingen är att automatisera utvecklingen av ett sådant verktyg (adapter). Med denna automatisering elimineras behovet att av någon manuellt behöver utvärdera databasen och sedan utveckla adaptern enligt databasen. Ett sådant verktyg kan användas för att implementera liknande lösningar i andra organisationer som har liknande problem. Således är resultatet av avhandlingen en algoritm eller ett tillvägagångssätt för att automatisera processen av att skapa adaptern.

Les services Web ont émergé comme un support de développement et d’intégration d’applications ou de systèmes d’information. Dans ce cadre, les interactions entre deux applications consommateur et fournisseur, encapsulées par des services Web se font par échanges de messages. Ces échanges s’appuient sur la notion d’interfaces, qui décrivent les interactions dans lesquelles un service peut s’engager et les dépendances entre ces interactions. Dans le Web actuel, il arrive très fréquemment que de nombreux services répondent à un même ensemble de besoins fonctionnels. Ces services sont souvent offerts par le biais d’interfaces différentes. Des nombreuses raisons, telles que la panne du service fournisseur, peuvent amener un consommateur à substituer son fournisseur habituel par un autre fournisseur qui offre la même fonctionnalité. Cette substitution provoque des incompatibilités entre l’interface du service consommateur et celle du service fournisseur substitut. Cela est dû au fait que le service consommateur n’a pas été fait en fonction de ce nouveau service fournisseur. Les recherches que nous menons dans cette thèse visent à résoudre le problème des incompatibilités dans des interactions entre deux services consommateur et fournisseur substitut. En particulier, notre contribution s’étend, tant sur le plan théorique que sur le plan pratique. Il s’agit d’une part d’un canevas pour la génération automatique des adaptateurs des interactions entre deux services. D’autre part, nous proposons une architecture logicielle multicouche fournissant un cadre permettant une substitution transparente et flexible d’un service fournisseur par un autre service vis-à-vis du consommateur du premier. Dans notre canevas pour la génération automatique des adaptateurs, une modélisation des interfaces de services en des automates a été adoptée. Puis, une étape de détection des incompatibilités entre ceux-ci est réalisée. Ensuite, un adaptateur des interactions entre les deux services est généré automatiquement sur la base d’incompatibilités détectées. La génération de l’adaptateur est guidée par le modèle d’automates. Cela permet de modéliser l’adaptateur indépendamment de son implémentation cible, permettant ainsi une bonne réutilisation des modèles. Une fois généré, l’automate de l’adaptateur suffisamment détaillé est projeté sur la technologie CEP (Complexe Event Processing). Cette projection est réalisée à l’aide des composants cartouches (en anglais : Templates) que nous avons mis en oeuvre. Chaque cartouche étant conçue pour générer du code exécutable (en termes de requêtes continues) pour la technologie CEP
Web services have emerged as a support for development and integration of applications and information systems. In this context, the interactions between two consumer and supplier applications, encapsulated by Web services are done by exchanging messages. These exchanges are based on the concept of interfaces, which describe the interactions in which a service can handle and dependencies between these interactions. In the current Web, it is very often that many services meet the same set of functional requirements. These services are often delivered through different interfaces. For many reasons, such as failure of the service provider, the consumer has to replace his usual supplier with another supplier that offers the same functionality. This substitution leads to incompatibilities between the interfaces of the service consumer and new service provider. This is because the customer service was not been developed according to the new service provider. The research we conduct in this thesis aims to solve the problem of incompatibility in the interaction between two services; consumer and new provider. In particular, our contribution extends both in theory and in practice. It is a part of a framework for the automatic generation of adapters for interactions between two services. On the other hand, we propose a multi-layer software architecture providing a framework for transparent and flexible substitution of a service provider by another with respect to an existed consumer. In our framework for automatic generation of adapters, services interfaces modeling using automata has been adopted. Then, a step of detecting incompatibilities between them is achieved. After that, an adapter of the interactions between the two services is generated automatically based on the detected incompatibilities. The generation of the adapter is based on the automata model. The generated adapter automaton contains a sufficient detail for the projected technology CEP (Complex Event Processing). This projection is performed using components templates that are implemented by us. Each template is designed to generate executable code (in terms of continuous requests) for the CEP technology