Zeitschriftenartikel: „Organogel particles“

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Yang, Jianjian, Hua Yan, Hansong Zhang und Xuemei Wang. „Oil organogel system for magnetorheological fluid“. RSC Advances 6, Nr. 114 (2016): 113463–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ra24257j.

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Воронова (Voronova), Марина (Marina) Игоревна (Igorevna), Олег (Oleg) Валентинович (Valentinovich) Суров (Surov), Наталья (Natal'ya) Викторовна (Viktorovna) Рублева (Rubleva), Наталья (Natal'ya) Евгеньевна (Evgenievna) Кочкина (Kochkina) und Анатолий (Anatoliy) Георгиевич (Georgievich) Захаров (Zakharov). „DISPERSIBILITY OF NANOCRYSTALLINE CELLULOSE IN ORGANIC SOLVENTS“. chemistry of plant raw material, Nr. 1 (06.03.2019): 39–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.14258/jcprm.2019014240.

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Aqueous suspensions of nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) were obtained by sulfuric acid hydrolysis using the standard procedure. Suspensions, films and airgel of NCC were characterized by various methods: the degree of polymerization was determined, elemental analysis was carried out, the degree of crystallinity and crystallite size were calculated on the basis of X-ray data, the morphology of NCC aerogels was studied using scanning electron microscopy. The particle size of the NCC was determined using a transmission electron microscope, a scanning atomic-force microscope and the method of dynamic light scattering. NFC hydrosols with different pH were used to prepare lyophilized NCC samples. From NCC hydrosols with pH 2.2, by gradual replacement of water with an organic solvent, NCC organogels with acetone, acetonitrile and ethanol were obtained. The process of dispersion of lyophilized NCC and NCC organogels (acetone, acetonitrile and ethanol) in water and in 11 organic solvents was investigated. The effect of the pH of the initial aqueous suspension of the NCC and the solvent forming the NCC organogel on the repeated dispersibility of the NCC is shown. The optimum pH value of the initial aqueous suspension of NCC was determined, which determines the maximum dispersibility of the lyophilized samples in each specific solvent. It was shown that dispersion of acetone, acetonitrile and ethanol organogels in most of the solvents studied occurs with the formation of particles less than 100 nm.

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Tuncaboylu, Deniz C., und Oguz Okay. „Preparation and characterization of single-hole macroporous organogel particles of high toughness and superfast responsivity“. European Polymer Journal 45, Nr. 7 (Juli 2009): 2033–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2009.04.001.

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Sun, Yan, Lei Jin, Hong Wang und Yajiang Yang. „Polymerized organogel particles formed and imprinted by chiral gelators and their selective adsorption for phenylalanine racemates“. Soft Matter 7, Nr. 2 (2011): 348–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c0sm00460j.

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Chen, Qun, Yu Feng, Deqing Zhang, Guanxin Zhang, Qinghua Fan, Shuna Sun und Daoben Zhu. „Light-Triggered Self-Assembly of a Spiropyran-Functionalized Dendron into Nano-/Micrometer-Sized Particles and Photoresponsive Organogel with Switchable Fluorescence“. Advanced Functional Materials 20, Nr. 1 (08.01.2010): 36–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adfm.200901358.

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Sotirova, Yoana, Viliana Gugleva, Stanila Stoeva, Iliyan Kolev, Rositsa Nikolova, Maria Marudova, Krastena Nikolova, Yoana Kiselova-Kaneva, Minka Hristova und Velichka Andonova. „Bigel Formulations of Nanoencapsulated St. John’s Wort Extract—An Approach for Enhanced Wound Healing“. Gels 9, Nr. 5 (25.04.2023): 360. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/gels9050360.

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This study aimed to develop a semisolid vehicle for topical delivery of nanoencapsulated St. John’s wort (SJW) extract, rich in hyperforin (HP), and explore its wound-healing potential. Four nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) were obtained: blank and HP-rich SJW extract-loaded (HP-NLC). They comprised glyceryl behenate (GB) as a solid lipid, almond oil (AO), or borage oil (BO) representing the liquid lipid, along with polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monooleate (PSMO) and sorbitan monooleate (SMO) as surfactants. The dispersions demonstrated anisometric nanoscale particles with acceptable size distribution and disrupted crystalline structure, providing entrapment capacity higher than 70%. The carrier exhibiting preferable characteristics (HP-NLC2) was gelled with Poloxamer 407 (PM407) to serve as the hydrophilic phase of a bigel, to which the combination of BO and sorbitan monostearate (SMS) organogel was added. The eight prepared bigels with different proportions (blank and nanodispersion-loaded) were characterized rheologically and texturally to investigate the impact of the hydrogel-to-oleogel ratio. The therapeutic potential of the superior formulation (HP-NLC-BG2) was evaluated in vivo on Wistar male rats through the tensile strength test on a primary-closed incised wound. Compared with a commercial herbal semisolid and a control group, the highest tear resistance (7.764 ± 0.13 N) was achieved by HP-NLC-BG2, proving its outstanding wound-healing effect.

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Park, Jin Woo, Sa-Won Lee, Jun Hak Lee, Sung Mo Park, Sung Jun Cho, Han-Joo Maeng und Kwan Hyung Cho. „Supersaturated Gel Formulation (SGF) of Atorvastatin at a Maximum Dose of 80 mg with Enhanced Solubility, Dissolution, and Physical Stability“. Gels 10, Nr. 12 (19.12.2024): 837. https://doi.org/10.3390/gels10120837.

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The objective of this work was to develop a supersaturated gel formulation (SGF) loaded with the maximum atorvastatin calcium trihydrate (ATR) dose. The maximum dose strength of ATR needs to be reduced through improving solubility and dissolution rate to mitigate side effects due to the necessity of taking high doses. ATR has highly pH-dependent solubility at 37 °C, leading to poor solubility (<10 μg/mL) in stomach acid (pH 1.2). Among the various molecular weights of polyethylene glycols (PEGs) and surfactants, PEG 200 and d-α-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate (TPGS) were selected as the solubilizer and precipitation inhibitor for ATR, respectively. PEG 200 demonstrated very high solubility for ATR (>60%, w/w), and the combined use of TPGS and PEG 200 formed an organogel state and suppressed ATR precipitation, showing 15-fold higher dispersion solubility in buffer solution at pH 1.2 compared to the formulation with PEG 200 alone. The optimal SGF composition (ATR/PEG 200/TPGS = 10/60/30, w/w) exhibited an over 95% dissolution rate within 2 h at pH 1.2, compared to less than 50% for the original commercial product. In a transmission electron microscope analysis, the SGF suppressed ATR precipitation and revealed smaller precipitated particles (<300 nm) compared to the control samples. In the XRD analysis, the SGF was physically stable for 100 days at room temperature without the recrystallization of ATR. In conclusion, the SGF suggested in this work would be an alternative formulation for the treatment of dyslipidemia with enhanced solubility, dissolution, and physical stability.

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Machunsky, Stefanie, und Urs Alexander Peuker. „Liquid-Liquid Interfacial Transport of Nanoparticles“. Physical Separation in Science and Engineering 2007 (08.01.2007): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2007/34832.

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The study presents the transfer of nanoparticles from the aqueous phase to the second nonmiscible nonaqueous liquid phase. The transfer is based on the sedimentation of the dispersed particles through a liquid-liquid interface. First, the colloidal aqueous dispersion is destabilised to flocculate the particles. The agglomeration is reversible and the flocs are large enough to sediment in a centrifugal field. The aqueous dispersion is laminated above the receiving organic liquid phase. When the particles start to penetrate into the liquid-liquid interface, the particle surface is covered with the stabilising surfactant. The sorption of the surfactant onto the surface of the primary particles leads to the disintegration of the flocs. This phase transfer process allows for a very low surfactant concentration within the receiving organic liquid, which is important for further application, that is, synthesis for polymer-nanocomposite materials. Furthermore, the phase transfer of the nanoparticles shows a high efficiency up to 100% yield. The particle size within the organosol corresponds to the primary particle size of the nanoparticles.

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Shan, Yahan, Shiwen Li, Rui Wang, Si Yi Zhu, Fei Wu, Yang Fu und Linna Zhu. „Spontaneously hierarchical self-assembly of nanofibres into fluorescent spherical particles: a leap from organogels to macroscopic solid spheres“. Soft Matter 15, Nr. 3 (2019): 470–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8sm02106f.

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Dourado, Douglas, Fabiana Pacheco Reis Batista, Biane Oliveira Philadelpho, Myla Lôbo de Souza, Mariana Barros de Cerqueira e Silva, Rone Aparecido de Grandis, Priscila Anjos Miranda et al. „Resveratrol-Loaded Attalea funifera Oil Organogel Nanoparticles: A Potential Nanocarrier against A375 Human Melanoma Cells“. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, Nr. 15 (28.07.2023): 12112. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms241512112.

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This study aimed to evaluate Attalea funifera seed oil with or without resveratrol entrapped in organogel nanoparticles in vitro against A375 human melanoma tumor cells. Organogel nanoparticles with seed oil (SON) or with resveratrol entrapped in the seed oil (RSON) formed functional organogel nanoparticles that showed a particle size <100 nm, polydispersity index <0.3, negative zeta potential, and maintenance of electrical conductivity. The resveratrol entrapment efficiency in RSON was 99 ± 1%. The seed oil and SON showed no cytotoxicity against human non-tumor cells or tumor cells. Resveratrol at 50 μg/mL was cytotoxic for non-tumor cells, and was cytotoxic for tumor cells at 25 μg/mL. Resveratrol entrapped in RSON showed a decrease in cytotoxicity against non-tumor cells and cytotoxic against tumor cells at 50 μg/mL. Thus, SON is a potential new platform for the delivery of resveratrol with selective cytotoxic activity in the treatment of melanoma.

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Mohd Hirmizi, N. H., M. Abu Bakar, W. L. Tan, N. H. H. Abu Bakar, J. Ismail und C. H. See. „Electrical and Thermal Behavior of Copper-Epoxy Nanocomposites Prepared via Aqueous to Organic Phase Transfer Technique“. Journal of Nanomaterials 2012 (2012): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/219073.

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The preparation, electrical, and thermal behaviors of copper-epoxy nanocomposites are described. Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide- (CTAB-) stabilized copper (Cu) particles were synthesized via phase transfer technique. Isopropanol (IPA), sodium borohydride (NaBH4), and toluene solution of diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) were used as transferring, reducing agent, and the organic phase, respectively. The UV-Vis absorbance spectra of all the sols prepared indicate that the presence of Cu particles with the particles transfer efficiency is ≥97%. The amount, size, and size distribution of particles in the organosol were dependent on the content of organic solute in the organosol. The composites were obtained upon drying the organosols and these were then subjected to further studies on the curing, thermal, and electrical characteristic. The presence of Cu fillers does not significantly affect the completeness of the composite curing process and only slightly reduce the thermal stability of the composites that is >300°C. The highest conductivity value of the composites obtained is3.06×10-2 S cm-1.

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Mchedlov-Petrossyan, Nikolay O., Nika N. Kamneva, Younis T. M. Al-Shuuchi, Andriy I. Marynin, Olexii S. Zozulia, Alexander P. Kryshtal, Vladimir K. Klochkov und Sergey V. Shekhovtsov. „Towards better understanding of C60organosols“. Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 18, Nr. 4 (2016): 2517–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5cp06806a.

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The C₆₀colloidal species in acetonitrile are negatively charged owing to formation of anion-radicals. Electrolytes coagulate the organosol, and multi-charged cations cause the re-charging of the particles.

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Ohashi, Tetsuo, und Hiroki Kuyama. „Magnetic particle transport through organogel – an application to DNA extraction –“. Analytical Biochemistry 611 (Dezember 2020): 113932. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ab.2020.113932.

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Kropacheva, Olga I., und Darya V. Vavilova. „FEATURES OF MOLECULAR AGGREGATION OF BLOCK COPOLYMER ON BASE OF STYRENE AND POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL IN SOLUTIONS“. IZVESTIYA VYSSHIKH UCHEBNYKH ZAVEDENII KHIMIYA KHIMICHESKAYA TEKHNOLOGIYA 62, Nr. 12 (07.12.2019): 65–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.6060/ivkkt.20196212.5880.

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This article focuses on the study of behavior of macromolecules of block copolymer on the base of styrene and polyethylene glycol in toluene media. Unique property of block copolymers is the ability of chemical heterogeneous blocks to phase separation. This process leads to the formation of micelle similar structures in selective solvents. These aggregates have the core from soluble block and the micelles capsule from insoluble block. Similar structures (reverse micelles) would be used for the purpose of stabilization of metal organosols. In this work aggregative stable reverse micelles in such systems as "toluene - water" and "toluene - methanol" have been prepared. Block copolymer of styrene and polyethylene glycol was applied as stabilizer in solutions with polymer concentration from 2.5 g/ 100 ml to 1 g/ 100 ml. Block copolymer has been synthesized by means of isocyanate cure on the end hydroxyl groups. Its structure has been confirmed by differential calorimetry spectroscopy (DSC) method. Dimension of formed particles has been determined by methods of sedimental turbidimetry and dynamic light scattering (DLS). Existence of both individual macromolecules and molecular aggregates in initial solutions has been established by DLS method. It has been found that dimensional homogeneity of organosol particles enlarges with the increase in dispersed phase content to 10 mass. %. At that, the size of the micelles in presence methanol is less than in water presence. Particles size also depends on polymer concentration in solution. The sizes of micelles in both systems increase with increasing concentration of the block copolymer, and with an increase in the content of the dispersed phase, a gradual decrease in their sizes is observed. It was shown that the sedimentation turbidimetry method does not reflect the behavior of the copolymer molecules in solutions, which results in a large scatter of data on the determination of particle sizes of the organosol in the toluene-water system with a water content of less than 5 masses. % . Based on the data obtained, it is assumed that micelles stabilized by a block copolymer based on styrene and polyethylene glycol can be used to introduce metal particles into them, followed by the formation of a metal layer on a solid surface.

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Nozaki, T., A. Satoh, H. Muraoka, J. Ishiguro, K. Yoda und K. Ogawa. „Adsorption and interface accumulation of aquasol and organosol carbon particles labeled with99mTc“. Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry 239, Nr. 3 (März 1999): 661–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02349087.

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Dilawar, Naz, Tofeeq Ur-Rehman, Kifayat Ullah Shah, Humaira Fatima und Aiyeshah Alhodaib. „Development and Evaluation of PLGA Nanoparticle-Loaded Organogel for the Transdermal Delivery of Risperidone“. Gels 8, Nr. 11 (02.11.2022): 709. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/gels8110709.

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A transdermal delivery approach may circumvent the limitations associated with the oral use of risperidone (RIS), an atypical antipsychotic drug. The current study focuses on the utilization of poloxamer (pluronic) lecithin organogel (PLO), a suitable transdermal vehicle, and a biodegradable nanoparticulate system of PLGA with the potential to deliver RIS in an efficient way. PLGA nanoparticles were fabricated using different ratios of the polymer and surfactant. The optimization was performed principally on the basis of particle size and entrapment efficiency (EE). The developed PLGA nanoparticles were spherical, sized around 109 nm with negative charge (−9.3 mv) and enhanced drug entrapment efficiency (58%). The in vitro drug release study of lyophilized nanoparticles showed a sustained pattern. Statistical analysis confirmed that there was a significant difference (p < 0.05) between the nanoparticle-loaded PLO gel and conventional drug formulations in terms of drug release and ex vivo permeation across rat skin (three-fold). The results confirm enhanced drug release and permeation through the skin at 72 h. Hence, the investigated formulation could be a better alternative to the conventional route for improving patient compliance.

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Patil, P. B., S. K. Datir und R. B. Saudagar. „A Review on Topical Gels as Drug Delivery System“. Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics 9, Nr. 3-s (15.06.2019): 989–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v9i3-s.2930.

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The clinical evidence indicates that topical gel is a safe and most effective treatment option for use in the management of skin related disease and used for local action to reduce the side effects associated with other conventional dosage form. Topical drug delivery systems include a large variety of pharmaceutical dosage form like semisolids, liquid preparation, sprays and solid powders. Most widely used semisolid preparation for topical drug delivery includes gels, creams and ointments. A gel is a cross-linked polymer network swollen in a liquid medium. Its properties depend strongly on the interaction between solid state polymer and the liquid component. Gels exhibit no steady-state flow. The interaction between polymer and the liquid dispersion medium form an interlacing three dimensional network of particles of dispersed phase. The increased viscosity caused by interlacing and consequential internal friction is responsible for the semisolid state. Topical gel formulation provides a suitable delivery system for drugs because they are less greasy and can be easily removed from the skin. Gel formulation provides better application property and stability in comparison to cream and ointments. Keywords: Topical, drug delivery, gels, review, skin. Percutaneous penetration, drug delivery, organogels, Hydrogel.

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SUGIMURA, Tokuko, llaruhiko WATANABE, Yoichi SHINDO und Ayao KITAHARA. „CONDITIONS OF ORGANOSOL FORMATION FROM METAL SOAPS IN HIGHER ALCOHOLS AND THE SHAPE OF THE DISPERSED PARTICLES“. Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology 11, Nr. 3 (Juni 1990): 195–214. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01932699008943250.

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Santos, Walbert Júnior Reis dos, Nilton Curi, Sérgio Henrique Godinho Silva, Sebastião da Fonseca, Elidiane da Silva und João José Marques. „Detailed soil survey of an experimental watershed representative of the Brazilian Coastal Plains and its practical application“. Ciência e Agrotecnologia 38, Nr. 1 (Februar 2014): 50–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1413-70542014000100006.

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This paper presents a detailed soil survey of an experimental watershed with representative pedoclimatic characteristics of the Coastal Plains in Espírito Santo State and its practical applications. For the pedological survey, 35 observation sites and three soil profiles were sampled and described, which were morphologically characterized and subjected to physical (particle size) and chemical analyses (routine and sulfuric acid digestion). The soil map was made using the geographic information system ArcGIS 9.3. This GIS software was also used to generate the digital elevation model (DEM) for identifying the slope classes. SAGA software was used to calculate the topographic wetness index (WI) which aided in a more accurate separation of Haplic Organosol from other soils. The predominant soil class in the watershed was the dystrophic/dystrocohesive Yellow Argisol (97%), containing morphological, chemical and physical characteristics representative of the most expressive Coastal Plains soils. Geoprocessing tools and techniques aided to make the watershed soil map.

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Cerrón-Mercado, Francis, Bettit K. Salva-Ruíz, Diana Nolazco-Cama, Clara Espinoza-Silva, Juana Fernández-López, Jose A. Pérez-Alvarez und Manuel Viuda-Martos. „Development of Chincho (Tagetes elliptica Sm.) Essential Oil Organogel Nanoparticles through Ionic Gelation and Process Optimization with Box–Behnken Design“. Gels 8, Nr. 12 (11.12.2022): 815. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/gels8120815.

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The aim of this work was to obtain chitosan nanoparticles (<1000 nm) with chincho (Tagetes elliptica Sp.) essential oil (CEO-CSNPs) using the ionic gelation method. A Box–Behnken design (BBD) was applied, using chitosan solution (CS) pH (4.0, 4.4, 4.8); the mass ratio of CS/CEO (1:0.7, 1:0.85, 1:1.0) and the mass ratio of CS/CS-tripolyphosphate (1:0.46, 1:0.58, 1:0.7) as independent variables. The formulation-dependent variables, encapsulation efficiency (EE) and loading capacity (LC) of the CEO-CSNPs were evaluated. BBD determined that optimal conditions for CEO-CSNPs were pH: 4.4, CS/CEO mass ratio 1:0.7 and CS/TPP mass ratio 1:0.46. Once the optimization was defined, particle size (PS), zeta potential (ZP), polydispersity index (PDI), CEO-CSNPs morphological studies, in vitro CEO release, and antibacterial activity were determined. The CEO-CSNPs showed an EE of 52.64% and a LC of 11.56%, with a diameter of 458.5 nm, with a ZP of 23.30mV, and a PDI of 0.418. The SEM studies showed that the nanoparticles were rounded and had uniform shapes. In addition, CEO-CSNPs showed a minimum inhibitory concentration against Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella infantis and Escherichia coli of 5.29, 10.57 and 10.57 µg/mL, respectively. These results could be very useful for the stabilization of chincho essential oil for food industry purposes. However, several studies about the release, as well as interaction with food matrices, will be necessary.

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Zhao, Runan, Shan Wu, Shilin Liu, Bin Li und Yan Li. „Structure and Rheological Properties of Glycerol Monolaurate-Induced Organogels: Influence of Hydrocolloids with Different Surface Charge“. Molecules 25, Nr. 21 (04.11.2020): 5117. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25215117.

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Organogel (OG) is a class of semi-solid gel, entrapping organic solvent within a three-dimensional network, which is formed via the self-assembly of organogelators. In the present study, OG was produced by glycerol monolaurate (GML) as organogelator. The influence of hydrocolloids with different surface charges (chitosan (CS), konjac glucomannan (KGM) and sodium alginate (SA)) on the physiochemical properties of OG was investigated. Rheological studies demonstrated that OG and pure hydrocolloid solution showed shear-thinning behavior. After incorporation of the hydrocolloid, the initial viscosity of OG was lowered from ~100 Pa·s to <10 Pa·s, and then the viscosity increased to more than 100 Pa·s at a low shear rate of 0.1–0.2 s−1, which subsequently decreased with a higher shear rate. OGs in the presence of hydrocolloids still kept the thermo-sensitivity, while the melting point of the OG decreased with the incorporation of hydrocolloids. Hydrocolloid addition greatly shortened the gelling time of the OG from 21 min to less than 2 min. The presence of hydrocolloids increased the particle size of oil droplets in the molten OG. Some aggregation and coalescence of oil droplets occurred in the presence of positive-charged CS and negative-charged SA, respectively. After gelling, the gel structure converted into a biphasic-like network. Hydrocolloids improved the hardness, stickiness and the oil-holding stability of OGs by 18.8~33.9%. Overall, hydrocolloid incorporation could modulate the properties of OGs through their different surface charge properties. These novel OGs have potential as nutrient carriers or low-fat margarine alternatives and avoid the trans-fatty acid intake.

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Yang, Xingyuan, Guanxin Zhang, Deqing Zhang, Junfeng Xiang, Ge Yang und Daoben Zhu. „Self-assembly of a new C60 compound with a L-glutamid-derived lipid unit: formation of organogels and hierarchically structured spherical particles“. Soft Matter 7, Nr. 7 (2011): 3592. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c0sm01109f.

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Chauhan, Bhanu P. S., Jitendra Rathore, Rajesh Sardar, Pankaj Tewari und Umar Latif. „Erratum to “Synthesis, stabilization and applications of nanoscopic siloxane-metal particle conjugates” [J. Organomet. Chem. 686 (2003) 24–31]“. Journal of Organometallic Chemistry 691, Nr. 9 (April 2006): 2069–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jorganchem.2005.12.062.

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Siddiqi, Georges, Victor Mougel und Christophe Copéret. „Highly Active Subnanometer Au Particles Supported on TiO2 for Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution from a Well-Defined Organogold Precursor, [Au5(mesityl)5]“. Inorganic Chemistry 55, Nr. 8 (05.04.2016): 4026–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b00341.

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Несын, Георгий Викторович, und Марат Иозифович Валиев. „Применение гелеобразных материалов в практике трубопроводного транспорта“. SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGIES OIL AND OIL PRODUCTS PIPELINE TRANSPORTATION 14, Nr. 5 (09.12.2024): 392–99. https://doi.org/10.28999/2541-9595-2024-14-5-392-399.

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Статья носит обзорный характер. В ней отражены уже применяемые технологии, такие как удаления мусора из вновь построенных и вновь отремонтированных нефтепроводов, а также находящиеся на стадии лабораторной разработки. К последним относится «выстилание» внутренней поверхности нефтепровода гелеобразным составом, на поверхности которого частицы парафина не задерживаются, а смываются потоком нефти. Представлены гели на водной (гидрогели) и углеводородной (органогели) основах, а также механизм их формирования. Рассматриваются преимущества тех и других применительно к вытеснению воды, газовых скоплений, а также очистке внутренней полости трубопровода от мусора и АСПО. Описан гель на смешанной водно-углеводородной основе, где загустителем углеводородной фазы выступает полимер высших альфа-олефинов сверхвысокой молекулярной массы, а водный гель на основе полиакриламида служит «арматурой» всей композиции. Предполагается, что такие скребки будут вытеснять водные и газовые скопления, а также сорбировать парафиновые отложения. Гелеобразные поршни в сочетании с традиционными механическими скребками дают возможность технологам более гибко выстраивать процедуру очистки трубопровода, в том числе при проведении внутритрубной диагностики. The article presents an overview of technologies already in use, such as waste removal from newly built and newly repaired oil pipelines, as well as from pipelines at the laboratory development stage. The latter includes “lining” the inner surfaces of oil pipelines with a gel-like compound, on the surface of which paraffin particles are not retained but are washed away by the oil flow. The article covers gels based on water (hydrogels) and hydrocarbons (organogels), as well as the mechanism of their formation. The advantages of both are considered in relation to the removal of water, gas accumulations, as well as cleaning the internal cavity of the pipeline from waste and asphalt, resin, and paraffin deposits. A gel based on a mix of water and hydrocarbons is described, where the thickener of the hydrocarbon phase is a polymer of higher alpha olefins of ultra-high molecular weight, and an aqueous polyacrylamide-based gel serves as the “reinforcement” of the entire composition. It is assumed that such scrapers will remove water and gas accumulations and absorb paraffin deposits. Gel pistons in combination with conventional mechanical scrapers allow process engineers to more flexibly design the pipeline cleaning procedure, specifically during in-line diagnostics.

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Dien, Luong Xuan, Tamao Ishida, Ayako Taketoshi, Duc Q. Truong, Huynh Dang Chinh, Tetsuo Honma, Toru Murayama und Masatake Haruta. „Supported gold cluster catalysts prepared by solid grinding using a non-volatile organogold complex for low-temperature CO oxidation and the effect of potassium on gold particle size“. Applied Catalysis B: Environmental 241 (Februar 2019): 539–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apcatb.2018.09.053.

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Crump, Michael R., Sophia L. Bidinger, Felippe J. Pavinatto, Alex T. Gong, Robert M. Sweet und J. Devin MacKenzie. „Sensorized tissue analogues enabled by a 3D-printed conductive organogel“. npj Flexible Electronics 5, Nr. 1 (17.03.2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41528-021-00104-0.

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AbstractState-of-the-art tissue analogues used in high-fidelity, hands-on medical simulation modules can deliver lifelike appearance and feel but lack the capability to provide quantified, real-time assessment of practitioner performance. The monolithic fabrication of hybrid printed/textile piezoresistive strain sensors in a realistic Y/V plasty suture training pad is demonstrated. A class of 3D-printable organogels comprised of inexpensive and nonhazardous feedstocks is used as the sensing medium, and conductive composite threads are used as the electrodes. These organogels are comprised of a glycol-based deep-eutectic solvent (DES) serving as the ionic conductor and 3-trimethoxysilylmethacrylate-capped fumed silica particles serving as the gelating agent. Rheology measurements reveal the influence of fumed silica particle capping group on the mixture rheology. Freestanding strain sensors demonstrate a maximum strain amplitude of 300%, negligible signal drift, a monotonic sensor response, a low degree of hysteresis, and excellent cyclic stability. The increased contact resistance of the conductive thread electrodes used in place of wire electrodes do not make a significant impact on sensor performance. This work showcases the potential of these organogels utilized in sensorized tissue analogues and freestanding strain sensors for widespread applications in medical simulation and education.

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Jeong, Gwajeong, Taewook Kim, Seong Dae Park, Myong Jae Yoo, Chan Ho Park und Hyunseung Yang. „N, S‐codoped Carbon Dots‐based Reusable Solvatochromic Organogel Sensors for Detecting Organic Solvents“. Macromolecular Rapid Communications, 28.11.2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/marc.202300542.

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AbstractThe visualization and analysis of organic solvents using fluorescent sensors are crucial, given their association with environmental safety and human health. Conventional fluorescent sensors are typically single‐use sensors and they often require sophisticated measurement instruments, which limits their practical and diverse applications. Herein, we develop solvatochromic nitrogen and sulfur codoped carbon dots (NS‐CDs)‐based organogel sensors that display color changes in response to different solvents. NS‐CDs are synthesized using a solvothermal method to produce monodispersed particles with exceptional solubility in various organic solvents. NS‐CDs exhibit distinct photoluminescent emission spectra that correlate with the solvent polarity, and the solvent‐dependent photoluminescent mechanism is investigated in detail. To highlight the potential application of solvatochromic NS‐CDs, portable and low cost NS‐CDs‐embedded organogel sensors are fabricated. These sensors exhibit highly robust solvatochromic performance despite repeated solvent switches, thus ensuring consistent and reliable measurements in practical applications. This study provides valuable insights into the solvatochromism of carbon dots and opens up new avenues for designing real‐time organic solvent sensing platforms.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved

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Duret, Bérénice, Emile Perez, Sarah Arneodo, Bruno Payré, Céline Picard und Sophie Franceschi. „Physicochemical study of aqueous dispersions of organogel particles: Role of the ingredients and formulation process leading to colloidal hydrogels“. Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, Januar 2023, 130905. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.130905.

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Cardoso-Daodu, Ibilola Mary, und Margaret Okonawan Ilomuanya. „Development of Curcumin Encapsulated Liposomes in Chlorhexidine‐Loaded Organogel Using Ternary Phase Systems for Treatment of Omphalitis in Infants“. Advances in Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences 2025, Nr. 1 (Januar 2025). https://doi.org/10.1155/adpp/6828052.

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Infections in infants, after childbirth, remain a leading cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality, globally. A soaring percentage of these infections arise from bacterial colonization of the umbilicus. Current therapy for omphalitis includes the topical application of chlorhexidine on the umbilicus. Bacteria such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus aureus, which are the key causative organisms of omphalitis, are resistant to chlorhexidine. In this study, curcumin‐loaded liposomes were prepared using the “thin film hydration” method. Liposomes were characterized by particle size analysis, light microscopy, encapsulation efficiency, and flux. Stable organogels were formed via a high‐speed homogenization method and stabilized by an emulsifier mix. They were evaluated for stability over a period by observing for phase separation. Four gels F1 (curcumin‐loaded liposomes in chlorhexidine organogel), F2 (curcumin‐loaded liposomes in organogel), F3 (chlorhexidine in organogel), and control (plain organogel) were prepared. Physicochemical properties of all gels were evaluated such as organoleptic tests, gel‐to‐sol transition, rheological studies, pH, skin irritancy, spreadability, accelerated stability, and antibacterial activity studies. Liposomes were spherical with an average size of 7 μm and an encapsulation efficiency of 97%. The in vitro release profile best fits the Higuchi mathematical model implying that curcumin release was by diffusion and dissolution mechanism. In vitro release was also higher at pH 5.5. F1 had the highest spreadability of 63 mm2g−1 and the lowest viscosity of 184,400 MPas at a shear rate of 10 rotations per minute with a pH of 6.5. Formulation F1 also displayed the highest antibacterial activity against all three bacteria. It can be concluded that the synergistic interaction between curcumin and chlorhexidine may be responsible for the significant antibacterial potency exhibited in formulation F1. Curcumin‐loaded liposomes in chlorhexidine organogel (F1) can serve as a prototype for the development of an antibacterial topical formulation having intrinsic activity and enhanced potency to combat omphalitis.

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„Physical characterization and permeability of lupeol by use of organogel-based emulsions (o/w)“. Letters in Applied NanoBioScience 9, Nr. 1 (23.02.2020): 861–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.33263/lianbs91.861865.

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Lupeol, is naturally occurring compound present in plants, with some beneficial health effects. In the present study, organogel-based emulsions (o/w) were obtained from canola oil. Particle size analysis, rheology test, optical microscopy, and permeability of nutraceuticals by cell culture and UPLC-MS/MS were done. Particle hydrodynamic diameters obtained in organogel-based emulsions loaded with nutraceuticals were <200nm, Polydispersity Index (PdI) was around 0.25-0.4, and Zeta Potential (ZP) was about -19 to -25mV. Droplets in emulsions presented spherical shapes and adjusted to the Herschel-Bulkley model. Interestingly, permeability of lupeol was increased compared with its crystalline; therefore organogel-based emulsions loaded with lupeol have potential for controlled delivery of this nutraceutical.

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Gao, Yanling, und Doru C. Lupascu. „Synthesis and Characterization of BaTiO3 Nanopowders and BaTiO3/CoFe2O4 Nanocomposites“. MRS Proceedings 1397 (2012). http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/opl.2012.1013.

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ABSTRACTHighly stable, organic-based barium titanate (BaTiO3) sols were developed by the low cost and straightforward “organosol”-precipitation and auto-combustion process of amorphous organic precursors. BaTiO3/CoFe2O4 nanocomposites with core/shell structures embedded in a BaTiO3 matrix were also obtained using this process. The particles are systematically characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric and differential thermal analyses (TGA/DTA), infrared spectroscopy (IR) and by laser granulometry for particle size distribution determination.

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Tenjimbayashi, Mizuki, und Ryota Tamate. „Particulate gel liquid marble“. Journal of Materials Chemistry A, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d4ta02203c.

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Nonsticking water droplets stabilized by particulate polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) organogel, namely "particulate gel liquid marbles (PGLMs)" are prepared via mechanochemistry. PGLM exhibited superior compression/impact stability to conventional particle-stabilized LM owing to...

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Datta, Deepanjan, Afeefa Noor, Anjali Rathee, Snigdha Singh und Kanchan Kohli. „Hypothesizing the Oleic Acid-Mediated Enhanced and Sustained Transdermal Codelivery of Pregabalin and Diclofenac Adhesive Nanogel: A Proof of Concept“. Current Molecular Medicine 24 (05.06.2024). http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0115665240291343240306054318.

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Abstract: Pregabalin and diclofenac diethylamine are anti-inflammatory molecules that are effective in relieving inflammation and pain associated with musculoskeletal disorders, arthritis, and post-traumatic pain, among others. Intravenous and oral delivery of these two molecules has their limitations. However, the transdermal route is believed to be an alternate viable option for the delivery of therapeutic molecules with desired physicochemical properties. To this end, it is vital to understand the physicochemical properties of these drugs, dosage, and strategies to enhance permeation, thereby surmounting the associated constraints and concurrently attaining a sustained release of these therapeutic molecules when administered in combination. The present work hypothesizes the enhanced permeation and sustained release of Pregabalin and diclofenac diethylamine across the skin, entrapped in the adhesive nano-organogel formulation, including permeation enhancers. The solubility studies of Pregabalin and diclofenac diethylamine in combination were performed in different permeation enhancers. Oleic acid was optimized as the best permeation enhancer based on in vitro studies. Pluronic organogel containing Pregabalin and diclofenac diethylamine with oleic acid was fabricated. Duro-Tak® (87-2196) was added to the organogel formulation as a pressure-sensitive adhesive to sustain the release profile of these two therapeutic molecules. The adhesive organogel was characterized for particle size, scanning electron microscopy, and contact angle measurement. The HPLC method developed for the quantification of the dual drug showed a retention time of 3.84 minutes and 9.69 minutes for pregabalin and diclofenac, respectively. The fabricated nanogel adhesive formulation showed the desired results with particle size and contact angle of 282 ± 57 nm and ≥120⁰, respectively. In vitro studies showed the percentage cumulative release of 24.90 ± 4.65% and 33.29 ± 4.81% for pregabalin and diclofenac, respectively. In order to accomplish transdermal permeation, the suggested hypothesis of fabricating PG and DEE nano-organogel in combination with permeation enhancers will be a viable drug delivery method. In comparison to a traditional gel formulation, oleic acid as a permeation enhancer increased the penetration of both PG and DEE from the organogel formulation. Notably, the studies showed that the use of pressure-sensitive adhesives enabled the sustained release of both PG and DEE.Therefore, the results anticipated the hypothesis that the transdermal delivery of adhesive PG and DEE-based nanogel across the human skin can be achieved to inhibit inflammation and pain.

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Adeyemi, Samson A., Zardad Az-Zamakhshariy und Yahya E. Choonara. „In Vitro Prototyping of a Nano-Organogel for Thermo-Sonic Intra-Cervical Delivery of 5-Fluorouracil-Loaded Solid Lipid Nanoparticles for Cervical Cancer“. AAPS PharmSciTech 24, Nr. 5 (24.05.2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.1208/s12249-023-02583-y.

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AbstractSolid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) are used extensively to achieve site-specific drug delivery with improved bioavailability and reduced toxicity. This work focused on a new approach to provide site-specific stimuli-responsive delivery of SLNs loaded within thermo-sonic nano-organogel (TNO) variants to deliver the model chemotherapeutic agent 5-FU in treating cervical cancer. Pharmaceutically stable nanospherical SLNs comprising poly-L-lactic acid (PLA), palmitic acid (PA), and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) were prepared and incorporated into TNO variants augmented by external thermal and ultrasound stimuli for release of 5-FU in the cervix. Results revealed that rate-modulated 5-FU release was achieved from SLNs (particle size =450.9 nm; PDI =0.541; zeta potential =−23.2 mV; %DL =33%) within an organogel upon exposure to either a single (thermo-) and/or both (thermo-sonic) stimuli. 5FU was released from all TNO variants with an initial burst on day 1 followed by sustained release over 14 days. TNO 1 provided desirable release over 15 days (44.29% vs. 67.13% under single (T) or combined (TU) stimuli, respectively). Release rates were primarily influenced by the SLN:TO ratio in tandem with biodegradation and hydrodynamic influx. Biodegradation by day 7 revealed that variant TNO 1 (1:5) released 5FU (46.8%) analogous to its initial mass than the other TNO variants (i.e., ratios of 2:5 and 3:5). FT-IR spectra revealed assimilation of the system components and corroborative with the DSC and XRD analysis (i.e., in ratios of PA:PLA 1:1 and 2:1). In conclusion, the TNO variants produced may be used as a potential stimuli-responsive platform for the site-specific delivery of chemotherapeutic agents such as 5-FU to treat cervical cancer.

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Bradley, Michael, John Krech und Shlomo Efrima. „Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy from Colloids at High Pressures“. MRS Proceedings 289 (1992). http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/proc-289-227.

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AbstractHigh pressure surface enhanced Raman (SERS) spectra are reported for a highly dense silver colloidal suspension, termed a MEtal Liquid-Like Film or MELLF. Comparison is made with the SERS spectrum of a dilute organosol. Raman signals due to adsorbed molecules and the solvent dichloromethane reveal appreciable frequency shifts as the colloidal environment is influenced by temperature, pressure, and packing. The C-Cl stretch of neat dichloromethane near 705 cm−1 shifts 1.7 cm −1 blue in a MELLF. Raman signals due to the adsorbed anisic acid in MELLFs blue shift about 2 cm −1 as 4 kilobars of pressure are applied; the solvent peaks shift blue only about 1 cm −1. Temperature influences the MELLF in two ways: desorption of anisic acid and formation of agglomerated particles.

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Kagan, Cherie R., und Michael J. Cima. „Solution Precipitation of CdSe Quantum Dots“. MRS Proceedings 283 (1992). http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/proc-283-841.

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ABSTRACTSynthesis of CdSe quantum dots with a high degree of monodispersity is achieved by nucleation from a supersaturated solution followed by growth to the desired particle size. The effects of temperature on the kinetic mechanisms of nucleation and growth were observed. A reaction vessel equipped with a low thermal mass internal heating element enabled controlled ramping of the solution temperature during the reaction. Nanocrystallite diameter is determined by the reaction time and the solution temperature during particle growth.A method was developed to fabricate ∼1μm thick glass films containing ∼3 vol% CdSe quantum dots. A sol was prepared by mixing a silica organosol with a nanocrystallite dispersion of CdSe and was applied to amorphous quartz substrates by spin-coating. The sols were dried at elevated temperatures in a nitrogen atmosphere. Optical absorbance and fluorescence measurements of the glass film were used to characterize the optical properties of the embedded nanocrystallites. Comparison of the excitonic absorbance of the quantum dot dispersion and the doped glass film shows that particle monodispersity is maintained upon incorporation into the dielectric matrix. Stokes shifts in the band-to-band fluorescence relative to the film absorbance were measured. Shifts in the wavelength of the excitonic absorbance and fluorescence were observed upon incorporation of the quantum dots into the glass film and upon heat treating the glass film to elevated temperatures.

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Shakouri, Shahrzad, Sajad Arabshahi, Hamid Madanchi, Mohammad Amin Mohammadifar und Anna Abdolshahi. „Effect of carboxymethyl cellulose incorporation to gelatin‐sunflower oil bigel on the physicochemical and structural properties“. Polymers for Advanced Technologies 35, Nr. 9 (September 2024). http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pat.6567.

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AbstractBigels are innovative and appealing heterogeneous matrices composed of two structured‐gel (hydrogel and oleogel) phases, which suitable for the entrapment of both hydrophilic and lipophilic active agents. As structuring the bigel phases using convenient materials can enhance the main characteristics, this study aimed to develop bigel system based on a hybrid hydrogel consisting of gelatin and carboxymethylcellulose (CMC). The impact of incorporating various concentrations of CMC (0, 0.5, 1, 2, and 3% w/w) into gelatin‐based hydrogel at a constant organogel/hydrogel ratio of 60:40 was investigated on bigel properties. The integration of gelatin and CMC significantly affected the solvent holding capacity (SHC), microstructure, rheology, thermal, and textural properties. The results showed that bigel samples containing gelatin‐CMC had lower SHC compared to gelatin‐based samples. The integration of CMC to bigel formulation resulted in a significant decrease in hardness, cohesiveness, and adhesiveness also smooth texture. Differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) analysis of the bigels showed a descending trend in melting point from 99.07 to 98.60°C for bigel samples as the CMC concentration increased from 0% to 2%. This was followed by an increase in melting temperature (100.95°C) in the bigel containing 3% CMC. Particle size distribution data indicated that the droplet sizes of the bigels increased with the incorporation of CMC into the hydrogel phase, without displaying a distinct concentration‐dependent trend. The rheological characteristics of strain sweep, frequency sweep, and loss factor affected by gelatin/CMC concentration. Overall obtained results highlight that CMC incorporation to gelatin plays a crucial role in bigel offering different textural, rheological and thermal properties. So that carefully selection and optimization of gelatin and CMC concentrations in hydrogel phase are essential for tailoring the mechanical strength and stability of bigels for various applications such as drug delivery, cosmetic, and food industries. Regarding the desired properties of CMC, it could be recommend to use by combination with gelatin to create a structure–function aimed bigels.

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