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CHASSAGNON, VIRGILE, NACIBA HANED und CHRISTIAN LE BAS. „THE DETERMINANTS OF ORGANISATIONAL CREATIVITY METHODS: AN EMPIRICAL STUDY BASED ON A FRENCH SURVEY“. International Journal of Innovation Management 20, Nr. 04 (Mai 2016): 1640003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s136391961640003x.
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This paper analyses the determinants of different organisational techniques dedicated to creativity by stressing the crucial role played by the dynamic innovative capacities of firms in this process. In particular, we show that the impact of creativity methods varies with the type of innovator (product versus process; single versus complex). We use a bivariate probit estimation on a sample of 4,570 manufacturing firms drawn from the 2010 French Community Innovation Surveys (CIS 2010) to study how the innovation profiles of firms impact the propensity to use organisational creativity methods. The estimation results show a strong but differentiated impact of the innovation profiles of firms (products/process, single/complex) on the use of different creativity methods. These empirical results display the accuracy of modern research on the determinants of intra-firm organisation of creativity.
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DE VASCONCELOS, RENATA BRAGA BERENGUER, RICARDO SÉRGIO GOMES VIEIRA und DENIS SILVA DA SILVEIRA. „WHAT’S THE RECIPE TO INNOVATE? AN ANALYSIS OF THE DETERMINANTS OF THE DEGREE OF INNOVATION IN THE GASTRONOMY SEGMENT“. International Journal of Innovation Management 24, Nr. 01 (20.12.2018): 2050005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s136391962050005x.
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Innovation represents the search for the new that allows organisations to increase their competitiveness and face market competition. Although they have fewer resources and smaller capacities, small businesses have a number of advantages that enable the innovation process. Therefore, it is necessary to gain a greater understanding on the stage of innovation in small firms and on how the aspects of management influence their development and are useful for such organisations. In this sense, the present paper analyses the determinants of organisational management that influence the degree of innovation of small firms in the gastronomic segment. The sample of the study counted on data compilation of 67 small gastronomic firms of a northeastern state capital in Brazil collected during almost two years. The determinants of innovation were identified through the theoretical framework composed of leadership; strategies; customers; society; information and knowledge; people; processes and results. The degree of innovation was measured from the degree of sectorial innovation achieved by the innovation radar. The proposed relationships were analysed by means of multiple regression with panel data, in which the degree of innovation was the dependent variable of the model and the determinants of innovation were the independent variables. The results demonstrate that the degree of innovation is influenced mainly by the internal processes that the company develops and by the results that it achieves. On the contrary, it was verified that the regulatory aspects that the firms attend can inhibit the development of innovation. The results reinforce the importance of organisational management for the development of innovation in small business, presenting the facilities and the obstacles.
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Stone-Jovicich, Samantha, Helen Percy, Larelle McMillan, James A. Turner, Lan Chen und Toni White. „Evaluating monitoring, evaluation and learning initiatives in the New Zealand and Australian agricultural research and innovation systems: The MEL2 framework“. Evaluation Journal of Australasia 19, Nr. 1 (März 2019): 8–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1035719x18823567.
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The potential for monitoring, evaluation and learning (MEL) to enhance innovation and impact in agricultural research and development is receiving increasing attention. New Zealand’s AgResearch Limited and Australia’s CSIRO Agriculture and Food are working with their scientists to support the organisations to achieve greater innovation and impact by embedding MEL into research programs and projects. However, both organisations have found it challenging to systematically demonstrate the value of their MEL initiatives. While there is an increasing number of case studies and anecdotes pointing towards the contribution of MEL to fostering innovation that delivers social, economic and environmental impacts, there is limited evidence, collated through systematic and rigorous methods, to substantiate this. This article presents an evaluation framework drawing on insights from complexity science (the Cynefin framework), evaluation practice and research (complexity-aware M&E and reflective practice) and innovation capacities (learning, reflection and adaptation). The framework is intended for research organisations working in agricultural innovation systems to be able to demonstrate the value of their MEL initiatives as well as carry out comparative analyses. It also supports organisational learning to better inform evaluative strategies and actions.
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Rojas Sánchez, Isaura, Maribel Martinez Montaña und Fabio Blanco Mesa. „Organisational capacities for the strengthening of social innovation: case study in the Renacer Verde Association“. International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation Management 25, Nr. 2/3 (2021): 132. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijeim.2021.10037726.
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Mesa, Fabio Blanco, Maribel Martinez Montaña und Isaura Rojas Sánchez. „Organisational capacities for the strengthening of social innovation: case study in the Renacer Verde Association“. International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation Management 25, Nr. 2/3 (2021): 132. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijeim.2021.115048.
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Esen, Sinan, Metin Saygili und Cagdas Ates. „Effects of Innovation Capabilities on Organisational Sustainability: Evidence from an Emerging Economy“. Marketing and Management of Innovations 14, Nr. 2 (2023): 58–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.21272/mmi.2023.2-07.
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The role of businesses in sustainable development gained increasingly more importance, together with the increasing speed of technological advancements, in addition to the economic effects of climate change, pandemics, disasters, and wars. The capabilities of businesses allowing them to adapt to environmental conditions to use their resources and turn them into productive outputs efficiently are considered critical factors in achieving sustainable competitive advantage. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine the effects of businesses’ marketing, process, organisational, and product innovation capabilities on corporate sustainability. The data used in the present study, which has an explanatory research design, were collected from managers of 452 SMEs in an emerging economy (Turkey) using the non-random quota sampling method. During the data collection, a survey was carried out on the manufacturing firms operating in Kocaeli, Sakarya, Düzce, Yalova, and Bolu provinces in a region called TR42 in the Eastern Marmara region, which is an important industrial region in Turkey. During the data analysis, SPSS was used to obtain the descriptive statistics, and AMOS to obtain the inferential statistics. Within this context, covariance-based Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) was utilised to test organisational sustainability’s causal relationships with variables constituting the innovation capabilities. The results achieved here suggest that marketing, process, corporate, and product innovation capabilities have an effect that increases organisational sustainability. Furthermore, the results indicate that marketing innovation capability had a higher impact on organisational sustainability than other capacities constituting the innovation capability. The present study offers important interpretations and conclusions for businesses which operate in an emerging economy at the level of SME to improve their sustainability objectives in terms of resource, capability, and environmental adaptation.
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Hermelin, Brita, und Grete Rusten. „A place-based approach to social entrepreneurship for social integration – Cases from Norway and Sweden“. Local Economy: The Journal of the Local Economy Policy Unit 33, Nr. 4 (Juni 2018): 367–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0269094218777900.
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Social innovation has gained an important position in policy agendas at the international, national, and local levels. The article investigates two empirical cases of local social entrepreneurship initiatives in two comparable small towns located in Norway and in Sweden. These projects endeavour for social integration of young persons into education programmes and adult persons into work. Through these empirical cases, this article aims to conceive how place conditions the capacities and practices of social entrepreneurship. The place-based approach of the discussion shows how the interplay of local and multiscalar relations impacts social entrepreneurship initiatives. The analysis of the empirical cases involves considering the role of the local context as well as the institutional systems of the welfare states and wider policy regimes endorsing social investment strategies. The discussion employs a model for organisational arrangements focusing on capacities of learning, exploiting, and linking. The capacity of linking across organisations and sector boundaries is found to be a particularly intriguing aspect of the investigated social entrepreneurship initiatives and is something that the place-based approach of the article is able to explicate.
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PREXL, KATJA-MARIA, MARCO HUBERT, MIRJA HUBERT und ANTJE GONERA. „EXPLORING THE INDIVIDUAL: AN EMPIRICAL INVESTIGATION OF INTERRELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN DIMENSIONS OF ABSORPTIVE CAPACITY“. International Journal of Innovation Management 24, Nr. 05 (21.01.2020): 2050077. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1363919620500772.
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Absorptive capacity (AC) describes new knowledge absorption and its use for innovation on an organisational level. In this paper, we explore the role of individual AC (IAC) for corporate innovation. We focus on the individual and relationships among the capability dimensions of existing AC models. A quantitative online survey allows us to empirically explore and underline the role of the individual in AC. Our findings contribute to and extend existing theories of AC, by confirming the multidimensionality of IAC, shed light on the view of transformation and exploitation as alternative paths and their effect on different innovation processes. Our research highlights the individual’s central role in innovation and introduces, explores and evaluates individual capacities to absorb new knowledge. This in consequence will influence processes and structures within a company with regard to innovation and human resource management.
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Urban, Boris, und Eric Wood. „THE IMPORTANCE OF OPPORTUNITY RECOGNITION BEHAVIOUR AND MOTIVATORS OF EMPLOYEES WHEN ENGAGED IN CORPORATE ENTREPRENEURSHIP“. Journal of Business Economics and Management 16, Nr. 5 (26.10.2015): 980–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/16111699.2013.799087.
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Organisational innovation depends on individuals and managers fostering and maintaining the innovative capacities of the firm, where opportunity recognition is important for promoting corporate entrepreneurship. The study is unique in its focus on understanding opportunity recognition behaviours and motivators of employees and how these perceptions may influence corporate entrepreneurial activity. The study is conducted in an under-researched emerging market context, where 187 respondents were surveyed in the financial sector industry. The empirical findings indicate that employees perceive themselves as having high levels of opportunity recognition behaviours and motivators which are positively associated with willingness to engage in corporate entrepreneurial initiatives. The results further show that there is a significant positive relationship between opportunity recognition behaviours and the frequency of opportunities recognised. Implications highlight the importance of fostering opportunity recognition behaviours within an organisation and motivating employees to act innovatively.
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Schuhbert, Arne. „From Knowledge-Pools to Activated Networks: A Conceptual Approach to Absorptive-Capacities in a Rural Destination of Azerbaijan“. Journal of Information & Knowledge Management 20, Nr. 02 (23.04.2021): 2150019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219649221500192.
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The conception of tourist destinations as knowledge-creating systems still shows substantial gaps, especially when it comes to destinations in Developing Countries. Building upon a theoretical enhancement of the concept of absorptive-capacity and backed by empirical findings from a rural destination of Azerbaijan, this paper presents a conceptual approach to model the activation of inter-organisational linkages as an ability of individual companies to recognise and valorise product-potentials in their destinations’ ecosystem. Using a triangulated methodology to analyse procedural, cultural and structural determinants for the absorption of innovation-knowledge, potentials for the creation of knowledge-networks are presented from the perspective of the Azerbaijani accommodation business.
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Tesar, Jiri, Marketa Safarikova Pstroszova, Karolina Weberova und Jaroslav Mucha. „Involvement and use of European Metrology Programme for Innovation and Research EMPIR in the Czech Metrology Institute – a positive example of the use of European cooperation“. Ukrainian Metrological Journal, Nr. 2 (05.07.2023): 33–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.24027/2306-7039.2.2023.286720.
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The Czech Metrology Institute (CMI) has been the national metrology institute of the Czech Republic since 1993. The significant development of the CMI's fundamental metrology departments and the gradual growth of the CMI's scientific and research capacities are linked to its successful participation in the European Metrology Research Programme (EMRP) and the European Metrology Programme for Innovation and Research (EMPIR). In total, 28 countries have participated in the EMPIR Programme, with Switzerland, Norway, Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Turkey and the UK in addition to the EU Member States. The necessary organisational and administrative background for the realisation of the EMPIR Programme was provided by EURAMET e.V., a European Regional Metrology Organisation operated as a non-profit association under German law. The most important benefit of the Programme for the CMI and the Czech Republic is the successful implementation of the research results of individual EMPIR projects. Within the framework of this implementation of the EMPIR results in the CMI, 6 new state measurement standards of the Czech Republic have already been established and another 4 are in the stage of preparation for announcement. Furthermore, 23 new or significantly modified measurement methods have been developed based on the results within the CMI and are now provided as a service by the CMI. Finally, participation in the EMPIR projects has been used to train 42 new CMI scientists in various fields of measurement. If to add to this the use of the results of the former EMRP Programme, it can be concluded that the development of metrology at the CMI over the last 10 years has been strongly conditioned by successful participation in European Metrology Programmes and the ability of the CMI to subsequently apply the results of individual projects to its laboratory practice.
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Sancho-Zamora, Rafael, Isidro Peña-García, Santiago Gutiérrez-Broncano und Felipe Hernández-Perlines. „Moderating Effect of Proactivity on Firm Absorptive Capacity and Performance: Empirical Evidence from Spanish Firms“. Mathematics 9, Nr. 17 (30.08.2021): 2099. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math9172099.
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The purpose of this study was to understand how proactivity can affect the relationship between absorptive capacity and organisational performance. Most previous studies have ignored the role of proactivity in this relationship and have not considered the multidimensional nature of absorptive capacity. A questionnaire was sent to 800 CEOs of Spanish companies from different sectors, procuring a response rate of 38.25%. A structural equation model was applied to test the hypothesis. This study confirms the positive effect that absorptive capacity has on business performance and the moderating role of proactivity in this relationship. Companies that develop their capacity to absorb information from the environment achieve better results. Furthermore, if they engage in proactive behaviour within their company, this relationship is stronger. Future research should include more capacities that are related to knowledge and business performance (i.e., learning capability, innovation capacity, etc.). This study contributes to the understanding of how to manage a company’s knowledge in an appropriate way. It sheds new light on how knowledge management should be conducted, emphasising not only the gathering of information but also the promotion of a proactive attitude on the part of employees to achieve the goal of better performance.
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Babb, Sarah. „What next for Tech SA? Aligning leadership, culture and strategy“. Emerald Emerging Markets Case Studies 10, Nr. 3 (09.07.2020): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eemcs-02-2019-0043.
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Learning outcomes Identify, compare and contrast current and aspirational organisational cultures. Describe desired leadership capacities and how these contribute to building a culture and strategy. Describe ways to align culture with strategy including building an ambidextrous organisation. Case overview/synopsis Growth remained flat for Tech SA towards the end of 2016. As a subsidiary of a global information technology services firm, Tech SA was under pressure to meet its growth plan. With this in mind, a new culture and values framework to be more innovative, collaborative and responsive had been adopted. This was to match the demands of the volatile, uncertain, complex and ambiguous world the company finds itself in. While the organisation had a tradition of serving long-standing clients and contracts to high standards, it was not used to working with radical change and disruptive innovation. To achieve this, significant changes in leadership behaviours were required. The organisation had recognised the need for these changes and a leadership development programme was devised to enable 200 of its top leaders to make the required cultural and behavioural shifts to lead in these times. Although the leadership programme was well into its second year, the targets of the growth plan had not been achieved and the leadership behaviours had not yet been instilled across the business. If the growth plan was not achieved, John would need to consider cost-cutting and retrenching. This was the last thing John wanted to do as he had worked alongside his colleagues for 12 years. What else could John do and say to the leaders to make the required changes urgently needed as a matter of survival? What would it take to deliver to existing clients and explore new products and markets? Complexity academic level Masters, Masters of Business Administration (MBA), Executive MBA and Executive leadership. Supplementary materials Teaching Notes are available for educators only. Subject code CSS 7: Management Science.
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Waters-Bayer, Ann, und Wolfgang Bayer. „Enhancing local innovation to improve water productivity in crop - livestock systems“. Rangeland Journal 31, Nr. 2 (2009): 231. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rj09009.
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In their efforts to adapt to changing conditions and grasp opportunities, small-scale farmers have been innovating since time immemorial. With increasing scarcity of water, harnessing water productivity in crop–livestock systems will require enhancing such local innovation processes, including both endogenous development and local adaptation of exogenous interventions. The paper highlights the importance of taking an innovation systems perspective in this endeavour. The various actors involved in agricultural production, extension, research, education, policymaking and trade who can contribute to or constrain innovation processes need to be recognised and their interactions understood. Particularly in the realm of working with water – often the task of women and girls – gender aspects must be addressed, including women’s role in innovation processes and the impact of change in water access and use on women’s workloads and decision-making. The paper presents examples of technical and socio-institutional innovation to improve crop–livestock water productivity that have been developed by local resource users. It demonstrates how scientists and technical advisors in research and development organisations can harness these dynamics in local knowledge by identifying local innovations, exploring together with local people the rationale behind them, and explaining in scientific terms why they work. It argues for an approach to research that allows farmers to be creative and that strengthens their capacities to continue to adapt to changing conditions. It stresses the role of researchers in revealing how farmers are developing solutions that challenge official policy, and then joining forces with farmers to bring about policy change to accommodate and encourage local innovation. Thus, it presents one ‘intervention’ that could enhance crop–livestock water productivity: promoting an approach of recognising local innovation and engaging in participatory research with local people who are developing their own ways to make the most of scarce water.
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Volchik, Vyacheslav V., Sergei S. Tsygankov, Elena V. Fursa, Igor M. Shiriaev und Аrtem I. Maskaev. „The Institutions and Mechanisms of The Russian Innovation System's Regulation in The Mirror of Narratives“. Journal of Economic Regulation 13, Nr. 4 (30.12.2022): 006–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.17835/2078-5429.2022.13.4.006-023.
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The innovation system is a set of institutions and regulatory mechanisms that create an environment for the interaction of organisations and actors in the academic sphere, business and the state. An analysis of the formal institutions of the Russian innovation system (RIS) showed that it has a complex structure consisting of numerous overlapping institutions and duplicating regulatory mechanisms. The state and the academic sphere are closely integrated into a single management hierarchy, and interaction with the business is carried out indirectly through development institutions and the mechanism of public procurement. In cooperation with the academy, large private and state-owned companies often solve the problem of training their own human resources rather than creating innovations. Comparison of the multi-level structure of the RIS and its reflection in the actors' narratives made it possible to show the complexity of the systemic perception of innovation activity in Russia and highlight the following dysfunctions of the RIS: The low quality of formal institutions and the lack of consistency in regulation; Selectivity and inconsistency of the ongoing state innovation policy; Underdevelopment of mechanisms for the formation of links between science and business; Lack of infrastructure, production and production capacities for scaling innovative products; Underfunding of education, science and innovative developments by the state and private business; Breach of the mechanisms for the reproduction of human resources for innovation.
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Perano, Mirko, Gian Luca Casali und Tindara Abbate. „Service Dominant Logic, Open Innovation Intermediaries and Innovative Capacities: Towards a Theoretical Framework“. International Journal of Business and Management 13, Nr. 10 (07.09.2018): 146. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijbm.v13n10p146.
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This work stresses the centrality of the Service-Dominant Logic (S-D logic) point of view and the relationships between firm and Open Innovation Intermediary in the knowledge development process providing a conceptual framework. From an in-depth literature review on S-D logic, Open Innovation Intermediaries and firm dynamic capabilities, a development of a conceptual framework based on these research areas is provided. The framework is intended to highlight the role of customers (firms) into professional relationships with intermediaries of innovation becomes progressively significant in the innovation activities because these professional relationships increasingly become co-creators of value. Within their advanced platforms, intermediaries or brokers, encourage, promote and sustain interactions and partnerships aligned to value co-creation enterprises. This is achieved by providing a heterogeneous set of services to augment dynamic cooperation, to advance concepts or solutions for solving interdisciplinary problems and, consequently, to address an organization’s requirements for new market opportunities. Therefore, these partnerships represent a possible way to define and to improve the value cocreation actions by firms that intend to engage and to cooperate with adjunctive and integrative resources and expertise. In addition, the framework has been designed to highlight a particular domain centered on the role of each S-D Logic axioms within the innovation capabilities; and the relationship and orientation between organisation and innovation intermediary. The main findings highlight that both firms and Open Innovation Intermediaries need to develop innovative capabilities through direct and indirect relationships within the S-D logic perspective. This study is an effort towards building a conceptual framework by connecting the concepts of Open Innovation Intermediaries, dynamic capabilities and S-D logic.
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Martin, Hanna, und Roman Martin. „Policy capacities for new regional industrial path development – The case of new media and biogas in southern Sweden“. Environment and Planning C: Politics and Space 35, Nr. 3 (31.08.2016): 518–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0263774x16665845.
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Over the past few years, a growing body of work in economic geography and innovation studies has enhanced our understanding of forms and determinants of regional industrial path development. The importance of policy, however, has received limited attention and accordingly, the role of policy for the emergence and development of new regional industrial growth paths remains largely unexplored. This paper takes an institutional perspective and suggests that the regional innovation system approach can contribute to conceptualising and analysing the role of policy for new regional industrial path development. We argue that in order to turn regional preconditions into new growth paths, regional innovation systems require strong policy capacities, consisting of formal and governance capacities. In the empirical part, we analyse the emergence and further development of two new growth paths in the region of Scania in southern Sweden, namely biogas and new media. Based on personal interviews with policy makers, representatives from knowledge and supporting organisations and firms as well as a document analysis, we investigate how policy interventions have influenced the rise and evolution of these two industries. We show that in both cases, policy-led initiatives have played an important role in enabling new path development. We find that policy can play multiple roles in nurturing and maintaining new growth paths and that these are closely interlinked with particular policy capacities of regional innovation systems.
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Šugar, Violeta, und Josip Zanze. „Innovative Capacities of Shipbuilding Organizations Manufacturing Composite Ships“. ENTRENOVA - ENTerprise REsearch InNOVAtion 7, Nr. 1 (07.12.2021): 13–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.54820/opue2583.
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During the transitional period at the end of the 20th century, Croatian small composite shipbuilding (SCS) had merely 27 models. Still, at the end of the first decade of the 21st century, this innovative industry showed resilience and readiness to adapt to the new business conditions and created 237 basic models. The main goal of the research was the assessment of the innovative capacity of SCS in Croatia. The research was carried out via survey and interviews. It included 73 SCS organisations, based on the main hypothesis that there is a positive relationship between the innovative capacity and innovative appearances (innovative management, innovation culture, innovative policy, and innovative factors) as well as the performance of the organization. The testing was performed with the Pearson’s correlation coefficient, the ANOVA and the post hoc LSD test resulted in the confirmation of the main and the three ancillary hypotheses. For the first time in Croatia, a new model of assessment of innovative capacities and innovative phenomena is presented, aiming to raise awareness of the need to strengthen the innovative capacities as a basis for the development of SCS. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
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Agarwal, Dr Ambuj. „Advancing Privacy and Security of Internet of Things to Find Integrated Solutions“. International Journal on Future Revolution in Computer Science & Communication Engineering 8, Nr. 2 (30.06.2022): 05–08. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/ijfrcsce.v8i2.2067.
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Internet of things is the part of software engineering where the different items are associated with one another to trade information between them by means of web in an organization. IoT is the concept that vigorously depends on the framework of the organisation to associate large number of gadgets whose aim is to gather information and impart among each other in the bid to improve their dynamic capacities. Notwithstanding, with this incredible development comes different difficulties that compromises the data innovation industry; these incorporate security and protection issues. The presence of an enormous number of interconnected innovations creates a situation in the IT field which has been deteriorated by the absence of limit of different organizations to distinguish, survey and screen significant parts to guarantee consistence with security strategies. In this way, there is need for an unmistakable comprehension of the main things and how they can be settled to saddle completely. This paper will explain the solutions that can be provided to enhance the security and privacy issues in the field of internet of things.
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Sukumar, Arun, Vahid Jafari-Sadeghi, Alexeis Garcia-Perez und Dev K. Dutta. „The potential link between corporate innovations and corporate competitiveness: evidence from IT firms in the UK“. Journal of Knowledge Management 24, Nr. 5 (05.06.2020): 965–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jkm-10-2019-0590.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to provide a thorough empirical investigation of the potential link between corporate innovations and corporate competitiveness in the context of the UK IT industry. Design/methodology/approach This research uses a panel of 216 UK IT firms for the period from 2000 to 2016. The sample data for this study were extracted from the Worldscope, extracted from the Datastream database from Thomson Reuters. For the analysis of the data, the generalised method of moments model is applied. Findings The results of this study provide empirical evidence that there exists a strong, positive link between corporate innovations and corporate competitiveness. Such evidence further reinforces the common view in the current literature of strategic management that because of the nature of their business, firms in the IT industry need to enhance their innovative capacities on a continual basis because of their critical role on these firms’ success and survival. Also, it is found that when the proxies for corporate innovations are lagged by two periods, their impact on corporate competitiveness becomes relatively more significant. However, when they are further lagged, i.e. by three periods, such an impact turns out to be relatively less pronounced. Research limitations/implications The data gathered for this paper was restricted to IT-oriented firms in the UK. Using a secondary database (Datastream), the paper considered the period of 2000-2016. Originality/value The research makes a significant contribution to the current debate on the relationship between information technology, innovation and performance, referred to in the literature as the productivity paradox, by studying the problem in the IT industry. It supports organisations from the sector in their efforts to deal with the dynamic nature of technological innovations and of the context where they operate. Methodologically, the way the study has measured the concepts of innovation and performance and the lessons learned from their analysis has also brought value to the research.
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SOOSAY, CLAUDINE A., und PAUL W. HYLAND. „EFFECT OF FIRM CONTINGENCIES ON CONTINUOUS INNOVATION“. International Journal of Innovation and Technology Management 02, Nr. 02 (Juni 2005): 153–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219877005000447.
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Innovation within logistics organizations does not occur in isolation. Most innovation occurs in response to environmental factors outside the direct control of management. Factors such as the location of the organizations, the available technologies, the accessibility of knowledge and globalization can all have an impact on how a business responds in innovative ways that ensure it can remain competitive. The logistics function is increasing in its strategic importance as more and more firms in developed economies such as Singapore and Australia are forced to complete globally to survive. In such a dynamic environment, logistics business must innovate; and to benefit from innovative technologies, systems, processes and practices they must consider the external contingencies that will have the greatest impact on the business operation. This paper provides important lessons from managers in logistics organisations in Australia and Singapore; and demonstrates how contingent factors can affect how firms differ in their strategies and capacities to innovate.
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Acero, Liliana. „Structural Trends and State Capacities in Regenerative Medicine in Brazil: Science, Innovation, Regulation, Governance and Social Inclusion“. Issues in Social Science 11, Nr. 2 (24.12.2023): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/iss.v11i2.21552.
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Regenerative medicine has transformed conventional practises in medicine. It focuses on the repair and regeneration of cells, tissue, and genes. Regenerative medicine has led to new forms of regulation of biological inputs and required the upgrading of some state capacities at the public, private, national and supranational levels, as well as the inclusion of new social sectors in the governance of the area. However, there are still many matters of concern on diminishing risks and uncertainties that have not been completely resolved either globally or nationally. The aims of the present study are to analyse the specific manner in which innovation and regulation in regenerative medicine have developed in Brazil; which state capacities are facilitated or hindered and how different social groups participate in the sector. At the methodological level, the research consists of a bibliographical and documentary study that mainly uses secondary data to develop a qualitative analysis of information and a quantitative analysis of statistics. In addition, interviews were conducted with associated social actors, including representatives from patient organisations, on which content analysis of narratives was performed. Public policies present lacunae in the regulation of clinical trials, the inclusion of private capital, and the promotion of local patents, as well as a lack of coordination between public agencies. A set of state dynamic capacities have been developed gradually in Brazil over the last ten years, but mission-oriented public policy has been almost inexistent, state aims are unfocused, and the legitimation of state action is still under development.
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Ajulo, Oluwadunsin, Ishmael Adams, Ali Asgary, Patrick Tang und Jason Von-Meding. „Modelling the Roles of Community-Based Organisations in Post-Disaster Transformative Adaptation“. GeoHazards 3, Nr. 2 (11.04.2022): 178–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/geohazards3020010.
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Disasters result where hazards and vulnerabilities intersect. The concept of vulnerability itself is mainly a social construct and the extent to which this can be overcome while transforming disaster-prone systems has often been emphasised in the critical hazard literature. However, the extent to which community-based organisations contribute to post-disaster transformation at the community level remains unexamined. This paper is aimed at examining the extent of the role of community-based organisations (CBOs) in the transformative adaptation of post-earthquake Lyttelton. Quantitative data was obtained from community members using a questionnaire survey of 107 respondents, supporting interviews, and secondary data to explain the phenomenon in this study. System dynamics and agent-based modelling tools were applied to analyse the data. The results show that while CBOs played a major role in Lyttelton’s transformation by fostering collaboration, innovation, and awareness, the extent of their impact was determined by differences in their adaptive capacities. The transformation was influenced by the impacts of community initiatives that were immediate, during, and a long time after the disaster recovery activities in the community. Our research extends the discourse on the role of community-based organisations in disaster recovery by highlighting the extent of CBOs’ impacts in community post-disaster transformation.
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Fliert, E. van de. „Recognising a climate for sustainability: extension beyond transfer of technology“. Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 43, Nr. 1 (2003): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea01067.
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Sustainable agriculture emphasises the fundamental role of the human component in a production system, as opposed to conventional agriculture, which centres on technologies. Therefore, it is characterised by the abilities and behaviours that farmers display, including the knowledge and skills they possess, decision-making processes they apply, and individual and collective actions they take. This has strong implications for extension development and organisation, in that the methodologies applied should be oriented towards enhancing farmer capacities favourable to sustainable agriculture, rather than towards achieving adoption of standardised technologies. These capacities include sound ecological knowledge, observational, analytical and experimental skills, and inclination towards collectivity to allow farmers to make better, informed decisions for location-specific agro-ecosystem management. Extension approaches favouring this type of learning are participatory, experience-based and adaptable. Needs and opportunity assessment, participatory technology development, defining the implications for farmers of the implementation of an innovation, and development of a learning curriculum (first for farmers and then for facilitators) are among the sequential phases for solid extension development for sustainable agriculture. Applying underlying principles of participatory capacity development, rather than fixed, condition-specific models, provides a generic framework for extension development under diverse ecological and socio-cultural settings.
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Gál, Zoltán. „Knowledge base of the region - role of the universities in regional innovation (the case of south Transdanubia)“. Journal for Geography 3, Nr. 1 (30.06.2008): 67–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.18690/rg.3.1.3131.
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The economic attraction and competitiveness of the regions depends on the spatially balanced network-based co-operation of different research bases and firms involved in innovation development. The utilisation of the regional knowledge base, innovation potential and co-operation between businesses and universities & research institutions continues to play an increasing role in regard to business success and the competitive economic performance of the regions. Innovation is considered as an interactive and system-like process depending on traditions with definite spatial forms and it is manifested in the form of “networks” among the companies and universities, and among the different transfer organisations, which can stimulate university-industry linkages. The paper presents the findings of the “ERAWATCH regional benchmarking surveys – in which the South Transdanubian region participated in – on innovation potential and investment into research” surveys concentrating on the role of innovation networks, within them highlighting the special role of regional universities in the collaborative research networks. The introduction is followed by a demonstration highlighting the role of universities in national and regional knowledge transfer emphasizing the fact that the spatial (regional) structure of innovation is very much determined by the transformation of potential universities and their widening innovative functions during the economic transition in Hungary. The next section provides an overview of findings of the ERAWATCH survey (2006) on the role of universities in regional network building and discusses those factors that are necessary for the establishment of a research university model. The last section assesses the efficiency and coherence of the Regional Innovation System with regard to the needs and capacities of the regional economies and the extent of matching or mismatching between the knowledge and economic specialization.
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Tarchiani, Vieri, José Camacho, Hamidou Coulibaly, Federica Rossi und Robert Stefanski. „Agrometeorological services for smallholder farmers in West Africa“. Advances in Science and Research 15 (17.04.2018): 15–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/asr-15-15-2018.
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Abstract. Climate variability and change are recognised as a major threat for West African agriculture, particularly for smallholder farmers. Moreover, population pressure, poverty, and food insecurity, are worsening the vulnerability of production systems to climate risks. Application of Climate Services in agriculture, specifically Agrometeorological Services, is acknowledged as a valuable innovation to assist decision-making and develop farmers' specific adaptive capacities. In West Africa, the World Meteorological Organisation and National Meteorological Services deployed considerable efforts in the development of Agrometeorological Services. Nevertheless, the impacts of such services on West African farming communities are still largely unknown. This paper aims to delineate the added value of agrometeorological services for farmers within the Agriculture Innovation System of Mauritania. The results of this quali-quantitative assessment demonstrate that farmers use agrometeorological information for a variety of choices: making strategic choice on the seed variety and on the geographical distribution of plots, choosing the most appropriate planting date, better tuning crop development cycle with the rhythm of the rains and choosing favourable periods for different cultural operations. Globally, the effects of all these good practices can be summarized by an increase of crops productivity and a decrease of cropping costs (including opportunity cost) in terms of inputs and working time.
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Pirela, Arnoldo. „Entrepreneurial Behaviour and Institutional Change: The Dynamics of Building Industry Alliances in Venezuela“. Science, Technology and Society 12, Nr. 1 (März 2007): 113–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/097172180601200106.
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This article presents and analyses the final results of a four-year experience aimed at developing innovative capacities and competitiveness by creating alliances between the state-owned oil company (PDVSA), and national firms supplying goods and services to the Venezuelan oil and petrochemical industry. The article proposes a different approach from the standard analysis on firm behaviour, innovation competitiveness, and cooperative organisation and alliances that tend to disregard national environment, including national political developments and government ideological orientations. We make a case in favour of the analysis of the long-term macro-economic and macro-political trends and ideological orientations of a country, as well as how firms attempt to develop their competitiveness and the collaboration programmes supposedly taking place. We argue in favour of this approach in countries with high levels of political and economic instability, such as most underdeveloped nations. This is the case of several Latin American countries at present, especially of the Venezuelan oil-driven economy. A country now in a ‘u-turn’ economy, and maybe the only one since the fall of the Berlin Wall and the end of the Soviet Union trying to impose a kind of planned economy and socialism.
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Marschall, Martin, Milan Gregor, Lukáš Ďurica, Vladimír Vavrík, Tomáš Bielik, Patrik Grznár und Štefan Mozol. „Defining the Number of Mobile Robotic Systems Needed for Reconfiguration of Modular Manufacturing Systems via Simulation“. Machines 10, Nr. 5 (28.04.2022): 316. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/machines10050316.
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The European vision of the Factory of the Future is based on increasing competition and sustainability by transformation from cost orientation to high-adding value with technical and organisational innovations. One of the expected outcomes is an increase in modularisation, i.e., the reconfigurability of the technical system in manufacturing conditions. Modular manufacturing systems (MMS), will consist of modular platforms (MP) that are capable of rapid rebuilding, and reconfiguration performed by adding or removing a module by Mobile Robotic Systems (MRS). In the conditions of MMS, to make the most efficient use of reconfiguration MRS capacities, it is necessary to know the optimal ratio of these MRS to the number of modular platforms (MP) used in MMS, which does not exist today. This ratio will help industrial companies that are deploying MMS-based solutions to plan the number of MRSs needed to reconfigure deployed systems. As a method of determining this optimal ratio, an experimental approach via simulation was chosen, using data from custom MRS and MP prototypes with testing different layouts of modular platforms with the view of warehouse layout, manufacturing island, manufacturing island power supply, and MRS. Based on the results, it can be determined that the MP-MRS limit ratio is 2:1, where the further increase in MRS has only a minimal impact on the reconfiguration period. With the reduction of MP transferred to one MRS, there is a gradual decrease in the time required for reconfiguration. When the ratio of 1:1 is attained, the time required for reconfiguration lowers, but not as dramatically as in bigger ratios.
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Raoul, Minfede Koe. „The Challenge of Productivity in the Housing Sector of a Developing Country: The Case of Cameroon“. JOURNAL OF AFRICAN REAL ESTATE RESEARCH 4, Nr. 2 (31.01.2020): 24–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.15641/jarer.v4i2.779.
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This paper evaluates productivity in terms of housing delivery levels of the housing sector in Cameroon. The data used is from the Centre for Affordable Housing Finance in Africa (CAHF) and the Ministry of Housing and Urban Development. These data relate to: the number of dwellings delivered during the study period; the amount of hours of work required to produce a housing unit; the unit cost of labour; the cost of producing a housing unit; and the area used to produce a housing unit. The technique of analysis was Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). The level of productivity is evaluated using the Malmquist index. The results revealed that between 2010 and 2018 the housing sector in Cameroon produced an average of 13,126 houses per year. This production gives an average cost per housing unit of $39,612. The study found a fall in total productivity of factors (labour and capital factors) of the order of 24.5% for the period considered. The fall observed is explained by a decrease in both technical efficiency and technological progress. To increase the productivity of the housing sector in Cameroon two types of measures are possible. Firstly, a better use of resources where particular attention is paid to the factors limiting productivity growth, namely the cost of labour, capital and materials. Secondly, use a skilled workforce and implement incentives for innovation based on the use of local materials and better operational organisation. It is argued that the incorporation of these suggestions would make it possible to increase the productive capacities of housing firms in Cameroon.
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Wabwoba, Dr Franklin Wabwoba, Dr Samuel Mbugua, Mr Anselemo Peters Ikoha und Ms Dorcus Arshley Shisoka. „ICT PERSONNEL MATURITY TOWARDS GREEN ICT IN KENYA“. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMPUTERS & TECHNOLOGY 13, Nr. 3 (15.04.2014): 4319–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/ijct.v13i3.2765.
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Though ICT is contributing to the economy associated with innovations, inventions and rapid development in almost all aspects of human life, is responsible for climatic degradation. The rapid increase of ICT usage means more costs of doing business, energy consumption, and more environmental challenges. The rapid changing technology reaching Kenya and lack of their understanding has put a lot of pressure on both management and ICT personnel to implement them on a trial and error manner. This has limited the gains meant to be obtained from green ICT despite its technologies availability. The lack of ICT personnel capacity readiness challenges the reaping of green ICT benefits. The study was informed by the G-readiness model and the enhanced G-readiness model. This study purposed to determine the personnel capacities readiness towards green ICT in Kenya. The study was undertaken using the interpretive, inductive multi-case survey study on a population of four data centres and 116 ICT managerial, technical and user personnel that were purposively sampled. Interview, observation, questionnaire and document analysis methods were used to gather data that was triangulated to increase the reliability and validity. The study established the ICT personnel’s G-readiness was very low on both training and professional development perspectives in Kenya. The study’s findings are useful towards the strategic planning for green ICT implementation, cutting down running costs, improving environmental performance of organisations and contribution to the world of knowledge. The findings provide data for informed ICT personnel and workplace readiness alignment, decision making and ICT curriculum development. The study recommends application of green ICT based on established ICT personnel capacity, inclusion of green ICT training in the curriculum, creation of green ICT responsibilities, provision for a green ICT budget and investment into the development of green ICT personnel
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Ellis, Gail. „Supporting teachers to implement a pre-primary programme: changes in teacher beliefs and attitudes“. TEANGA, the Journal of the Irish Association for Applied Linguistics 10 (06.03.2019): 186–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.35903/teanga.v10i0.78.
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The integration of a foreign language into early childhood education is becoming more and more widespread. Yet there is a lack of specific teacher training and no clearly-defined pre-primary foreign language pedagogy to guide and support teachers. This article presents data from a recent initiative by a provider of out-of-school English classes in Europe to support teachers in implementing a pre-primary programme and in developing pre-primary foreign language pedagogy. This formed part of a wider change-management and innovation process looking at higher efficiencies and effectiveness, and bringing together in one coherent approach best practice throughout the region in the teaching of English to pre-primary children. The pre-primary programme is underpinned by the pedagogical principles of the UK’s Early Years Foundation Stage (EYFS) framework and the HighScope approach to early childhood education with its overarching ‘plan-do-review’ structure for learning sequences which values children’s voices and agency. Initially, there was some apprehension amongst teachers due to a lack of experience of teaching pre-primary children and some resistance from others who believed that young children are not capable of reflecting on their learning or of making choices about their learning. An important feature of the change-management process was the implementation of a normative-re-educative approach and the provision of ongoing training and professional development. This involved teachers in the adaptation of the organisation’s global statement of approach to English language teaching to an age-appropriate version for a pre-primary context in order to develop pre-primary foreign language pedagogy. It also encouraged teachers to re-examine their existing beliefs and attitudes in order to recognise children’s reflective capacities given appropriate support and scaffolding, and to rethink the power dynamics in the adult-child relationship moving to one of more shared control. Data from surveys conducted with teachers at the initial stage of the programme and 18 months later provides evidence which shows that, over time, teacher’s beliefs and attitudes have changed. Conclusions are drawn from the experience of the project and the factors influencing changes in teacher’s views are discussed.
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Beáta Blaskó. „Complex problem analysis of the Hungarian milk product chain“. Acta Agraria Debreceniensis, Nr. 44 (20.11.2011): 43–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.34101/actaagrar/44/2604.
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Hungarian dairy sector went through significant changes in past two decades. The most significant changes were caused by our accession to the European Union. In Hungary milk production remarkably declined after EU accession. The size of our dairy herd has been practically reducing since the political transformation, but increasing yields per cow could compensate it in some way and for some time. However, in recent years, increasing yield per cow came to a stop and in parallel, the number of cows declined further and faster. Low prices, high production costs and tightening quality requirements ousted several producers from the market in past years. Feeding cost represents the highest rate in cost structure of production, but animal health expenditures and various losses are also significant. There are undeniably competitive disadvantages in the level of organisation and labour productivity; however competitiveness already depends on cost effectiveness in the medium run. In Hungary concentration of the dairies is relatively strong in spite of the relative high number of corporations. The dairies compete with each other and with the export market for the raw material and the better exploitation of their capacities. Applied technology of the Hungarian dairies lags behind the Western-European competitors’; in addition they have handicaps in efficiency and product innovation. Presence of chain of stores being dominant in sale of milk products does also not favour in all respects to the position of the dairies. The aforementioned retail chains are namely consumer-centric, engage in price follower conduct and weaken the position of the dairies with their private label products. As a result of increasing import of milk and milk products Hungary became a net importer in recent years. Today, disposable income still essentially determines the consumption habits of price-sensitive consumers. Loyalty for Hungarian products is not typical, consumers are open for import products being preferred by retail chains. In addition Hungarian milk and milk product consumption is about half of the Union average and it is far behind the level being necessary for healthy eating. In Hungary lack of competitiveness and vertical integration relationships and backwardness are revealing among the dairy farmers and the dairies, while chain of stores are in unprecedented “monopolistic situation”; the whole sector can be characterised by defencelessness.
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Kelly, Dana, und David Phelps. „Looking beyond the D.U.S.T. – building resilient rangeland communities“. Rangeland Journal 41, Nr. 3 (2019): 233. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rj18047.
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The role of towns and small business is poorly understood, yet towns are vital for the long-term viability of communities in rural and remote Australia. This case study in the central western region of Queensland (CWQ) examines the impacts of drought on rural towns and how to build a resilient regional community and alleviate hardship. Evidence was collected during drought from town businesses through surveys, interviews and a public meeting in 2017. Towns in CWQ are especially exposed to the risks of drought, as approximately half of the businesses are directly linked to agriculture. Townspeople are major contributors to social cohesion and resilience in rural and regional communities, which are often service and maintenance centres of nationally important infrastructure such as roads for inter-state freight transport and tourism. Drought and declining grazier incomes have led to reduced spending in towns. Populations have dropped sharply, as itinerant agricultural workers leave the region. The complex economic and social flow-on impacts of drought have resulted in lower socioeconomic resilience. The majority of community members interviewed expressed a desire to build secure livelihoods, which echoes other research where existing and new rangelands livelihoods are seen as contributing to the success of the nation, a common global desire. Local organisations in CWQ display innovative business and community strategies. Future actions need to support and build on these initiatives. A framework with the acronym D.U.S.T. has been developed, with associated actions aimed at building resilience in these communities. D.U.S.T. is appropriate for this often-dusty region, and stands for: D. Decide to act; U. Understand the context; S. Support and develop local capacities and institutions; and T. Transform regional governance. The key for decision-makers is to work with local people who understand the contextual complexity and local needs. Actions need to be based on principles of adaptability, equity and inclusiveness, and working with the whole of the community. Building on existing collaborations and innovations as well as transforming governance and secure funding arrangements are needed. Lessons from the communities in CWQ may help other rural and remote regions build resilience to cope with the unpredictable financial, social and environmental future.
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Rostan, Michele. „Challenges to Academic Freedom: Some Empirical Evidence“. European Review 18, S1 (Mai 2010): S71—S88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1062798709990329.
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It seems appropriate to distinguish at least two aspects of academic freedom: (a) freedom from external constraints in choosing topics, concepts, methods and sources, which in western democracies generally enjoys a certain level of protection by law; (b) freedom to act in the pursuit of goals and values, with academic staff being in control of the relevant means to do so, which is generally strictly related to the overall organisation of universities and the higher education system at large. Both these aspects have been understood as necessary conditions for producing and disseminating new knowledge, i.e. the two main functions of higher education institutions. It can be added that academic freedom has been considered as one of the elements defining the academic profession, at least after the Second World War. On the one hand, academic freedom is strictly connected with the idea that the pursuit of knowledge for its own sake through research represents the main goal of the academic work. On the other hand, academic freedom and peer review are considered as necessary devices to ensure quality, i.e. quality is ensured by the self-steering capacities of academics or their professional autonomy. In the last few decades, several processes have had an impact on academic freedom: (a) the rise of higher education institutions as more autonomous corporate bodies, which has implied the strengthening of the role of administrative staff at the expense of the academic community, a trend that has been named ‘managerialism’; (b) the drive of governments away from more direct forms of control in favour of a system of distant steering, which has implied stronger accountability of higher education institutions and academics and the use of assessment devices; (c) the increasing demands to and pressures on academics and higher education by both the economy and society to support economic development, innovation, and social progress, a trend to which we refer to as growing expectations of relevance. The impact of the first two processes is quite clear and pertains mostly to relationships within higher education institutions and to the relationship between academics and the state. The impact of the last process is less clear and pertains to the relationships between academics and the external world, mostly the economy, but also society. Building on the results of the Changing Academic Profession survey, this article will address the issue of the growing pressures on academics to be ‘relevant’ to both society and the economy, and of the mechanisms through which the notion of relevance intrudes into the academic profession in selected European countries, especially evaluation, funding, and specific kinds of research activities.
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Thuan, Nguyen Hoang, Pedro Antunes und David Johnstone. „A Process Model for Establishing Business Process Crowdsourcing“. Australasian Journal of Information Systems 21 (22.06.2017). http://dx.doi.org/10.3127/ajis.v21i0.1392.
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Crowdsourcing can be an organisational strategy to distribute work to Internet users and harness innovation, information, capacities, and variety of business endeavours. As crowdsourcing is different from other business strategies, organisations are often unsure as to how to best structure different crowdsourcing activities and integrate them with other organisational business processes. To manage this problem, we design a process model guiding how to establish business process crowdsourcing. The model consists of seven components covering the main activities of crowdsourcing processes, which are drawn from a knowledge base incorporating diverse knowledge sources in the domain. The built model is evaluated using case studies, suggesting the adequateness and utility of the model.
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Brunetto, Yvonne, Georgios Kominis und Julia Ashton‐Sayers. „Authentic leadership, psychological capital, acceptance of change, and innovative work behaviour in non‐profit organisations“. Australian Journal of Public Administration, 12.09.2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-8500.12603.
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AbstractThis paper examines whether authentic leadership provides the resources employees need to build their psychological capacities and well‐being so that they can embrace organisational change and engage in innovative work behaviour (IWB) within non‐profit organisation (NPO). The paper builds on previous research examining the antecedents of IWB such as ‘innovation‐enabling culture’ and psychological capital (PsyCap). The new variables examined in this study are authentic leadership and acceptance of change. Utilising a structural equation modelling methodology, 248 surveys from Australian not‐for‐profit employees were analysed revealing that authentic leadership accounted for more than a fifth of the variance of PsyCap; PsyCap, age, and authentic leadership accounted for 40% of employees’ well‐being; and age, leadership, and acceptance of change accounted for a quarter of their IWB, although acceptance of change was not directly related to IWB. The main contribution of this paper is in explaining why authentic leadership is an important ingredient for building an ‘innovation‐enabling culture’ for NPO employees, suggesting that such leadership provides a pathway for developing effective workplace relationships built on trust and ethical decision making. Such behaviour builds a supportive culture for developing employees’ personal resources, which promotes the conditions for promoting IWB.Points for practitioners Authentic leadership behaviour provides a platform for developing the psychological capacities of employees in non‐profit organisations (NPOs) contracted to deliver social services to Australians. Authentic leadership behaviours and psychological capital enhance employees’ well‐being. Authentic leadership behaviours and psychological capital are significant building blocks of an innovation‐enabling culture in NPOs.
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Zhang, Xiaolei, Shuangye Chen und Xiaoxiao Wang. „How can technology leverage university teaching & learning innovation? A longitudinal case study of diffusion of technology innovation from the knowledge creation perspective“. Education and Information Technologies, 29.04.2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10639-023-11780-y.
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Abstract This paper expands the innovation diffusion framework by adding a conceptual and empirical exploration of knowledge creation into understanding university technology-enhanced teaching and learning innovation. Institutional innovation research has largely focused on people and products while neglecting the underlying knowledge creation process for innovation that substantiates and sustains the diffusion of innovation across stages. Guided by a combined framework of organisational knowledge creation theory with the diffusion of technology-enhanced teaching & learning (T&L) innovation, this 4-year longitudinal qualitative study focused on a Chinese case of Tsinghua University, which has pioneered the adoption of digital teaching and learning, and generating exemplary sustainable whole-institutional teaching and learning innovation. We explored how technology leverages the interactions between technologies, adopters, and leadership within a university to build capacities for digital T&L innovation by tracing the technology innovation trajectory of Tsinghua University. The case study identified four stages of knowledge creation related to technology adoption and innovation. Of these stages, knowledge externalisation processes were found to be critical for leveraging the co-creation of knowledge for institutional innovation in the university context. Additionally, the study showed that the middle-up-down leadership strategy and middle managements’ knowledge management ability facilitated the sustainable transition from individual and group exploration to organisational innovation. The implications for strategic technology adoption and sustainable teaching and learning innovation in the university contexts are also discussed.
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MELAND, KJERSTI VIKSE, RUNE DAHL FITJAR, MARTE C. W. SOLHEIM und TATIANA A. IAKOVLEVA. „DIGITAL PRODUCT INNOVATIONS: THE IMPACT OF INTER-FIRM COLLABORATION AND MANAGERS’ ATTITUDES“. International Journal of Innovation Management, 28.07.2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1363919623500123.
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Although digital innovation is increasingly important for all types of firms, studies of the drivers of digital innovation rarely cover all sectors. Furthermore, organisational and individual factors are often overlooked. To address these gaps, we use data from a purpose-built cross-industry survey of 1,201 firms in Norway to examine how various types of collaborations and managers attitudes toward them shape firms’ achievement of digital product innovation. We find that collaborations with suppliers, consultants, and universities and research institutes, and the presence of open-minded managers, are positively associated with a firm’s likelihood of digital product innovation. Although much attention has been given to customer relationships, upstream sources of knowledge from suppliers, consultants, and universities and research institutes are also important to strengthen firms’ capacities for digital product innovation. Furthermore, we go beyond examining the existence of partnerships to show that manager’s attitudes towards collaboration also matter.
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Ardagh, David. „Grounding and Applying an Ethical Test to Organisations as Moral Agents: The Case of Mondragon Corporation“. Philosophy of Management, 15.08.2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40926-022-00196-2.
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AbstractMoral people (i) have good goals in acting in a challenging situation; and (ii) use their rightly disposed intellectual and voluntary capacities (virtues) and resources to choose a good action in that situation. This requires (iii) sound ethical deliberation and decision-procedures for realising practically the abstract values and principles relevant in the concrete situation. After deliberation about sub-goals and means, they (iv) choose to execute the best particular action plan. They will have canvassed possible outcomes of the intended act, which, when executed, will have a particular result and (v) consequent outcomes for themselves, and for others; and (vi) it will show respect for the wellbeing of the community or wider society, represented by the state, and reflected in state law. A comprehensive third-party moral judgement on the act will encompass the intention and execution of the act in the situation.Part 1, Sections I-IV of this paper argue that organisations can be said to be quasi-persons, personal and moral. As artificial organisational quasi-persons, with a similar structure to natural persons, they can also have analogues of the moral features of natural persons’ moral acts: i)-vi): good goals, rightly disposed capacities and resources, ethical decision procedures, good acts or activities, with good outcomes for others, and respect for society’s norms represented in state law. An ethical acronym, GREAOS, capturing the six dominant features shared with natural persons, is suggested.In Part 2, an application of GREAOS is then made to assess a concrete organisational case, Mondragon Corporation, in order to show how if the analogy between persons and organisations is sound in principle, the acronym’s application can be made to ethically unpack a case. The acronym gives Mondragon Corporation at least a pass on ethics. Although a work in progress, its success in realising ideals of economic democracy can be an exemplar of stakeholder capitalism, an alternative to an unbridled shareholder capitalism, which has had its day.
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HEUBECK, TIM, und REINHARD MECKL. „DYNAMIC MANAGERIAL CAPABILITIES AND R&D SPENDING: THE ROLE OF CEO FOUNDER STATUS“. International Journal of Innovation Management, 04.05.2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1363919622500748.
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Today’s hypercompetitive economy challenges chief executive officers (CEOs) to make complex yet integral investments in research and development (R&D). Although research has widely discussed R&D spending due to its implications for competitive advantage, it omits whether and how managers’ dynamic capabilities materialise in these long-term investment decisions. This study builds on dynamic managerial capability (DMC) theory to argue that strong managerial-level dynamic capabilities increase R&D spending by improving the capacities of CEOs to sense opportunities and threats, seize them, and reconfigure organisational resources. CEO founder status is additionally proposed as a moderator of this relationship, as founder CEOs differ from professional CEOs in their investment behaviour. The results reveal that DMCs only compositely contribute to R&D investments, while the DMC subcomponents–except for managerial social capital—exert no isolated effects. This study also finds that founder CEOs realise higher R&D investments through their DMCs than their professional counterparts.
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Annamalah, Sanmugam, Pradeep Paraman, Selim Ahmed, Thillai Raja Pertheban, Anbalagan Marimuthu, Kumara Rajah Venkatachalam und Ramayah T. „Exploitation, exploration and ambidextrous strategies of SMES in accelerating organisational effectiveness“. Journal of Global Operations and Strategic Sourcing, 09.08.2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jgoss-08-2022-0090.
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Purpose This study aims to analyse the resilience strategy utilized by small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), enabling these businesses to effectively adapt their operations in response to varying conditions by providing them with essential resources. SMEs operate in marketplaces that are both dynamic and frequently tumultuous. These markets provide SMEs with a variety of obstacles, including economic ups and downs, advances in technology, evolving customer tastes and new regulatory requirements. SMEs need to create a strategic strategy to survive and grow in such situations. This strategy ought to help strengthen their resiliency and make it possible for them to make the most of emerging opportunities while simultaneously lowering the dangers. Design/methodology/approach The questionnaires adopted and adapted from previous research served as the basis for gathering the data. The manufacturing industry was polled through the use of questionnaires. To test the hypothesis, the data were analysed using Smart PLS. Through the use of closed-ended questions directed to the proprietors, managers or senior executives of SMEs, data were collected from each and every institution in the sample. Following the examination of the data by means of descriptive analysis and the presentation of several scenarios using information relating to SMEs, the findings were presented. Findings The ambidextrous strategies that are used by SMEs have a propensity to offer a constructive contribution to SMEs. In this study, it was discovered that ambidexterity, which is defined as the capacity to both seek and capitalise on possibilities, has a significant bearing on the organisational effectiveness of SMEs. The results showed that ambidextrous strategies have a propensity to work as mediators in interactions involving proactive resilience tactics and performance. Research limitations/implications The research expands our understanding of how SMEs in the manufacturing sector may improve their performance by concentrating on growing their ambidextrous strategies. Practical implications This study provides a plausible explanation of two crucial management mechanisms for enhancing the sustainability of organisational effectiveness. The relationships between ambidextrous capabilities and firm effectiveness are malleable, and this study suggests that nurturing formal and informal relationships may be the key to SMEs' long-term sustainable performance. Improving the knowledge and performance of supply chain systems for SMEs in the manufacturing sector and boosting their competitiveness in domestic and international markets are the practical contributions of this study. Social implications Our comprehension of monitoring, cooperation and innovation within social management was deepened as a result of these facts. In addition, the study conducted in the sector uncovered four essential connections that outline how managers should actively work towards lowering social risks, developing new possibilities and increasing business performance. These capacities and links, when taken as a whole, provide the foundation upon which an integrated framework and five research propositions are built. Originality/value This research offers a convincing explanation of fundamental management processes for enhancing the sustainability of organisational effectiveness. This research implies that developing formal and informal interactions may be the key to the sustainable performance of SMEs over the long run. The relationships between ambidextrous capabilities, methods and organisational effectiveness are flexible, and this study also suggests that these relationships may be shaped. The practical contributions made by this research include boosting the understanding and performance of supply chain systems for SMEs as well as the competitive power of these businesses in both local and international markets.
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Wigboldus, S., M. A. McEwan, B. van Schagen, I. Okike, T. A. van Mourik, A. Rietveld, T. Amole et al. „Understanding capacities to scale innovations for sustainable development: a learning journey of scaling partnerships in three parts of Africa“. Environment, Development and Sustainability, 21.05.2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10668-022-02394-4.
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AbstractFinding out how to scale innovations successfully is high on the agendas of researchers, practitioners and policy makers involved in agricultural development. New approaches and methodologies seek to better address related complexities, but none of them include a systematic perspective on the role of capacity in (partnerships for) scaling innovations. We posit that this has left an important topic insufficiently addressed in relation to partnerships for scaling innovations. The need to address this gap became apparent in the context of the CGIAR Roots, Tubers, and Bananas (RTB) Scaling Fund initiative. This paper presents how we explored ways forward in relation to this by combining three methodological approaches: The Five-Capabilities, Scaling Readiness, and the Multi-Level Perspective on socio-technical innovation. This combined approach—dubbed Capacity for Scaling Innovations (C4SI)—was applied in three projects related to scaling innovations for sweet potato, cassava and banana, involving five countries in Africa. It then discusses implications for a partners-in-scaling perspective, the contribution of scaling innovations to sustainable development, the importance of research organisations considering their own capabilities in partnerships for scaling, and the extent to which C4SI was helpful in the three cases—for example, in decision making. The paper concludes that a capacity perspective on the scaling of innovations should be an essential part of a ‘science of scaling’. Finally, it provides recommendations for using the approach or parts of it in research and intervention practice for scaling, pointing in particular to the need for context-specific adaptation.
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García-Crespo, Ángel, Ricardo Colomo-Palacios, Juan Miguel Gómez-Berbís und Myriam Mencke. „SemOutQuote: Using semantics for innovation offshore outsourcing management“. Int'l Journal of Management Innovation Systems 1, Nr. 1 (24.01.2009). http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ijmis.v1i1.24.
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In an increasingly globalised world, changes in organisations have also affected innovation processes. In the Information Technology (IT) domain, corporations are adopting outsourcing ad offshoring models for innovation, each time more carefully. The benefits of the combination of both practices, which demonstrate a decrease in corporate costs, indicate an incentive for the adoption of such practices as corporate strategies. In such a scenario, a two-sided challenge presents itself. In the first place, the companies contracting must establish selection measures and strategies for control of their suppliers. Secondly, the business offering outsourcing services must adopt appropriate measures to develop themselves as reliable partners in these types of relationships, a crucial aspect for both parties. The current work presents SemOutQuote, a semantics-based environment for the selection of stable partners for trustworthy innovation processes. The fusion of the capacities of interconnection and communication provided by the internet with the functionalities of the use of semantics represent a novel approach to the management of innovation in organisations
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Burke, M. Kathleen, Rhiannon Pugh, Danny Soetanto, Afua Owusu-Kwarteng und Sarah L. Jack. „The engaged university delivering social innovation“. Journal of Technology Transfer, 17.04.2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10961-024-10091-9.
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AbstractThis paper examines a programme initiated and managed by an entrepreneurial university in the United Kingdom (UK), aiming to foster the circular water economy in Sub-Saharan Africa. Our focus is on transitioning from conventional models of the entrepreneurial university to innovative forms of knowledge exchange that prioritise social innovation and sustainable development, as per the “engaged university”. Through an in-depth qualitative study, we find that three interrelated levels of engagement—engaging individuals, engaging organisations and engaging communities—are essential for universities delivering the third mission of societal impact. Employing the established framework developed by Hughes et al. (in: Knowledge exchange between the arts and humanities and the private, public and third sectors, Arts & Humanities Research Council, Cambridge, 2011) to examine university activities, we expose the social innovation underpinning people-based, problem-solving and community-based activities. In the context of the third mission, social innovation involves bringing individuals, organisations and communities together through supporting entrepreneurship, collaboration and mutual learning capacities both within and beyond the university setting. The mechanisms driving university engagement are thus a process of multilevel social innovation, relying on support from individual researchers, project leaders, partner institutions and local end-user communities. Adopting a multilevel perspective allows us to identify the distinct mechanisms of engaged universities, which transcend those of other university models in the realm of social innovation. We argue that the engaged university model extends understanding of how supports for social innovation can connect and create networks to tackle global challenges.
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Martínez-Filgueira, Xosé-Manuel, David Peón und Edelmiro López-Iglesias. „Determinants of innovation by agri-food firms in rural Spain: an MCA PLS-SEM analysis“. International Food and Agribusiness Management Review, 16.08.2021, 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.22434/ifamr2021.0015.
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The development of a sustainable rural world must have an innovative agri-food industry as one of its bases. This article offers a comprehensive analysis of the main drivers of innovation by small and medium agri-food companies in Spain. A combined multiple correspondence analysis (MCA) and structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) is performed to identify the key factors among 63 indicators in the domains of the technology-organisation-environmental approach. The results suggest an open field of research. Positively related to innovation are firm capacities and financial resources. Moreover, agri-food firms innovate in products, processes or marketing in order to increase sales, enter new markets, or increase the quality of their products. On the contrary, most of these firms did not innovate to reduce costs or time of response, meet regulatory compliance or maintain employment. Authorities should be aware that smaller and younger agri-food firms face more restrictions to innovate, and firms feel public policies could help to meet market demand as a driving force of innovation. On the contrary, essential objectives of regional development such as environmental compliance and maintaining employment seem to depend solely on public action.
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Jebali, Dorra, und Viviana Meschitti. „HRM as a catalyst for innovation in start‐ups“. Employee Relations: The International Journal ahead-of-print, ahead-of-print (22.09.2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/er-03-2020-0140.
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PurposeThe study seeks to reduce the blurriness remaining around the value that HRM can bring to innovation in the specific context of start‐ups, it advocates that the early adoption of appropriate HRM practices, can act as a catalyst for innovation because they constitute a powerful means to systematically promote and facilitate employees' innovative behaviours.Design/methodology/approachIn the aim of complementing the existing quantitative work, this paper employs a multiple case study approach to explore the role of HRM in fostering employees' innovative work behaviour in four Tunisian tech companies.FindingsThe study found substantial support for the importance of establishing a work environment for learning where employees can build their innovative capacities by upgrading their knowledge and skills through both formal and informal methods. Work autonomy and freedom are found to be essential parts of this environment. Workspace design that takes into account employees' comfort and the collaborative nature of their work, also stands out as a major contributor to innovative work behaviour.Originality/valueThe adopted qualitative approach enabled a grasp of the less apparent aspects underpinning the HRM and innovation relationship in start‐ups. “Ownership of space” is revealed as a key element of the innovation-supportive work environment. By having a feeling of control on the workspace, employees can develop a sense of ownership towards the organisation which enhances their eagerness to exert innovation efforts. It also demonstrated that developing an overly creative workforce can turn into a source of stagnation which can be mitigated by cultivating “an environment for idea ownership”.
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Yong, Ai Chee, Anne Buglass, Godfrey Mwelwa, Ibrahim Abdallah und Ving Fai Chan. „Can we scale up a comprehensive school-based eye health programme in Zambia?“ BMC Health Services Research 22, Nr. 1 (25.07.2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12913-022-08350-2.
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Abstract Background Globally, 19 million children have preventable vision impairment simply because refractive and eye health services are inaccessible to most of them. In Zambia, approximately 50,000 school children need spectacle provision. The School-based Eye Health Programme (SEHP) has been identified worldwide as a proven strategy to address childhood blindness. Given its great benefits, the Zambian government intends to scale up the programme. This scalability assessment aims to identify and evaluate the essential components of an effective SEHP, determine roles, assess existing capacities within user organisations, identify environmental facilitating and inhibiting factors, and estimate the minimum resources necessary for the scaling up and their proposed scale-up strategies. Methods Five elements (innovation, user organisation, resource team, environment, and strategies for horizontal and vertical scaling-up) were assessed guided by the ExpandNet-WHO Nine Steps for Developing a Scaling-Up Strategy. Literature review on proven strategies to reduce childhood blindness and the credibility of SEHP implemented in resource-limited settings, document review on the pilot project, questionnaires, and stakeholders’ interviews were conducted to collect data for this assessment. Subsequently, twenty questions in the Worksheets for Developing a Scaling-up Strategy were used to report the assessment outcome systematically. Results Additional components of SEHP incorporated in Zambia’s model enhanced the innovation’s credibility and relevance. The resource team was relatively competent in the pilot project, and the same team will be employed during the scaling-up. Potential change in political parties, the lack of supply chain, and unstable financial support were identified as inhibiting factors. The objectives of SEHP were aligned with the National Eye Health Strategic Plan 2017–2021, which supports the institutionalisation of the SEHP into the existing School Health and Nutrition Programme. For the pace of expansion, replicating SEHP to another district rather than a province will be more realistic. Conclusion Scaling up a comprehensive SEHP in Zambia is feasible if sufficient funding is available. Additionally, the pace must be adapted to the local context to ensure that every component within the SEHP is intact.
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Swann, Thomas. „‘Anarchist technologies’: Anarchism, cybernetics and mutual aid in community responses to the COVID-19 crisis“. Organization, 02.05.2022, 135050842210906. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13505084221090632.
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The COVID-19 pandemic that gripped the world since the end of 2019 has been felt most immediately both as a health crisis and an economic, social and political crisis. Secondary impacts of social distancing and lockdown in many countries have put strains on people’s capacities to provide essential food and medicines for themselves and their families. In response, outside of centralised government and voluntary sector frameworks, local mutual aid groups have emerged around the world as a primary site of community resilience. Given mutual aid’s strong links to the anarchist political tradition, for example in its identification by Kropotkin as a factor in evolution, this article suggests that these new mutual aid groups can be understood best through the related concept of self-organisation. Tying anarchist approaches to mutual aid and self-organisation together, it is argued that cybernetics and Stafford Beer’s Viable System Model (VSM) offer useful tools in helping both academic analysis and on-the-ground practice assess and improve the effectiveness of mutual aid in and beyond the COVID-19 crisis. The article offers a qualitative thematic analysis of anarchist and related texts published during the pandemic that reflect on mutual aid practice. In doing so, it highlights some of the challenges and tensions such self-organised mutual aid practice might face and proposes a participatory research agenda drawing on Beer’s VSM.
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Sadowski, Jathan, Yolande Strengers und Jenny Kennedy. „More work for Big Mother: Revaluing care and control in smart homes“. Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space, 14.06.2021, 0308518X2110223. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0308518x211022366.
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The home is an ever-changing assemblage of technologies that shapes the organisation and division of housework and supports certain models of what that work entails, who does it and for what purposes. This paper analyses core tensions arising through the ways smart homes are embedding logics of digital capitalism into home life and labour. As a critical way of understanding these techno-political shifts in the means of social reproduction, we advance the concept of Big Mother – a system that, under the guise of maternal care, seeks to manage, monitor and marketise domestic spaces and practices. We identify three tensions arising in the relationships between care and control as they are mediated through the Big Mother system: (a) outsourcing autonomy through enhanced control and choice, (b) increased monitoring for efficient management and (c) revaluation of care through optimisation of housework. For each area, we explore how emerging technological capacities promise to enhance our abilities to care for our homes, families and selves. Yet, at the same time, these innovations also empower Big Mother to enrol people into new techniques of surveillance, new forms of automation and new markets of data. Our purpose in this paper is to push back against the influential ideas of smart homes based on luxury surveillance and caring systems by showing that they exist in constant relation with a supposedly antithetical version of the smart home represented by Big Mother.
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Fitzpatrick, Ian Carlos, Naomi Millner und Franklin Ginn. „Governing the soil: natural farming and bionationalism in India“. Agriculture and Human Values, 08.07.2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10460-022-10327-0.
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AbstractThis article examines India’s response to the global soil health crisis. A longstanding centre of agricultural production and innovation, India has recently launched an ambitious soil health programme. The country’s Soil Health Card (SHC) Scheme intervenes in farm-scale decisions about efficient fertiliser use, envisioning farmers as managers and soil as a substrate for production. India is also home to one of the world’s largest alternative agriculture movements: natural farming. This puts farmer expertise at the centre of soil fertility and attends to the wider ecological health of soils. Despite emerging as a mode of resistance to dominant agricultural systems, natural farming is now being delivered in increasingly bureaucratic ways by India’s state governments. This article offers Himachal Pradesh as a case study in how the soil is governed, drawing on 38 semi-structured interviews with scientists, agricultural officers, non-governmental organisation leaders, and activists. Rather than assess approaches to soil health according to their ecological bottom line, we examine the differing forms of knowledge, expertise and ‘truth’ in the SHC and Natural Farming approaches. Our analysis reveals discontinuities in how farmers are imagined, as well as continuities in how quasi-spiritual language combines in a bionationalist project, positing assumptions about the correct arrangement of life in nationalist terms. We point to a shift toward hybrid and pick-and-mix approaches to soil health, as farmers and their organisers are increasingly invested with the capacities to combine multiple options. We see a fracturing of expertise and the opening up of epistemic pluralism in responses to the soil fertility crisis.