Thematische Bibliographien / Organická frakce

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Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Organická frakce“

Autor: Grafiati

Veröffentlicht am 28. Juni 2021

Zuletzt aktualisiert am 17. Februar 2022

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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "Organická frakce"

Kuziemska, Beata, Wiesław Wieremiej, Dawid Jaremko, Beata Bik, Joanna Trębicka und Paulina Klej. „Wpływ wapnowania i dodatku materiałów organicznych na zawartość niklu w kupkówce pospolitej oraz we frakcjach w glebie zanieczyszczonej tym pierwiastkiem / Effect of liming and addition of organic materials to the nickel content in biomass of cocksfoot and his fractions in soil contaminated with this element“. Soil Science Annual 66, Nr. 1 (01.03.2015): 10–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ssa-2015-0013.

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Streszczenie Badano wpływ zanieczyszczenia gleby niklem (0, 75, 150 i 225 mg Ni kg-1 gleby) na tle zróżnicowanego wapnowania (0 Ca i Ca w g 1 Hh) i materiałów organicznych (bez stosowania materiałów organicznych, słoma żytnia i węgiel brunatny z Kopalni Węgla Brunatnego Turów) na zawartość niklu w kupkówce pospolitej i frakcje tego metalu w glebie. Analizowano cztery pokosy kupkówki pospolitej zebrane w trzecim roku doświadczenia wazonowego oraz oznaczono frakcje niklu w glebie pobranej po ostatnim pokosie rośliny testowej. Zawartość niklu w roślinie oraz ogólną zawartość tego pierwiastka w glebie oznaczono metodą ICP-AES po wcześniejszej mineralizacji. Frakcje niklu w glebie oznaczono metodą frakcjonowania sekwencyjnego - BCR. Wprowadzenie do gleby niklu, niezależnie od ilości, spowodowało istotne zwiększenie jego zawartości w biomasie kupkówki pospolitej oraz w glebie we wszystkich frakcjach, przede wszystkim we frakcji wymiennej (F1). Wapnowanie gleby oraz aplikacja materiałów organicznych zmniejszyły zawartość niklu w biomasie kupkówki pospolitej oraz w glebie we frakcji wymiennej, bezpośrednio przyswajalnej przez rośliny, powodując jednocześnie zwiększenie jego udziału we frakcji rezydualnej (wapnowanie) oraz redukowalnej i utlenialnej (aplikacja materiałów organicznych).

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Koreleska, Ewa, und Andrzej Ferenc. „Functioning of “Organics Cluster” in the French National and Regional Market of Organic Food“. Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego 17(32), Nr. 4 (29.12.2017): 151–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.22630/prs.2017.17.4.91.

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The main aim of this study is to identify a model organic food cluster situated on the territory of a selected European Union country and its operation effects. In the first part of the study a selected food market of France is characterized as a reference point of further analyses and studies. The data was obtained from French domestic reports which cover years 2007-2016. Dynamics of changes has been defined as well as the trends characteristic of the analyzed period. The method of least squares has been used. Moreover, a definition and the importance of clusters has been presented on the basis of the literature of that topic. The part of the study includes a description of functioning of a selected French organic food cluster is described and evaluated. The method of case study has been used. It has been found that in 2007-2016 the eco-sector in France has developed significantly. A distinctly rising linear trend in the number of organic farms, ecological companies, ecologically cultivated land, the size of the market and degree of French people's knowledge of organic food labels has been reported for the eco-branch in France. As many as 112 projects have been implemented in the analyzed cluster. Those projects involved innovative and export undertakings which allowed to achieve a competitive advantage on the domestic market and even abroad. Positive effects also include possibility of experience exchange and financial support particularly important for young entrepreneurs.

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Drewes, J. E., und J. P. Croue. „New approaches for structural characterization of organic matter in drinking water and wastewater effluents“. Water Supply 2, Nr. 2 (01.04.2002): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2002.0039.

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The scope if this work was directed to address potential differences or similarities between natural organic matter (NOM) and effluent organic matter (EfOM) by combining operationally defined categorization protocols with state-of-the-art characterization techniques to investigate the bulk of organics in raw drinking water samples (surface and groundwater) and wastewater samples with respect to origin, size, structure, and functionality. Samples of different drinking water and wastewater prior to and after groundwater recharge from France and the U.S. were considered in this study. The physical, chemical, and biological processes that generate and modify organic compounds in natural and engineered systems share many similarities. As a result, the chemical characteristics of effluent derived and naturally derived organic compounds overlap extensively. However, the aromatic moieties present in the EfOM matrix are probably of different origin than the aromatic moieties of the NOM as indicated by a relationship we have established between SUVA and the aromatic carbon content.

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Antunović, Zvonko, Đuro Senčić, Josip Novoselec, Danijela Samac und Željka Klir. „Organic livestock in the Republic of Croatia and Europe“. Krmiva 61, Nr. 2 (20.08.2020): 75–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.33128/k.61.2.4.

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The aim of the present study was to analyze the situation in organic livestock farming in Croatia and Europe. In the European countries in the year 2017, around 4.5 million cattle, 5.2 million sheep, 1 million pigs and 50 million poultry were registered in organic farming. The highest share of organically registered domestic animals compared to the total population in Europe and the European Union-28 was in cattle (3.5% and 5.2%) and sheep (3.4% and 5.0%), and the lowest in pigs (0.6% and 0.7%). In Croatia the highest share is in sheep (8.57%) and the lowest in poultry (0.02%) number. The largest increase in recent ten years in the EU has been in the number of poultry (by 103%) and the smallest in the number of pigs (by 47.6%), while the increase was the number of cattle and sheep was around 76% and 74%, respectively. In Croatia organic sheep production increased the most (by 65.0%), while the number of cattle and poultry increased by 62 and 64%, and the smallest increase is in the number of pigs (by 24%). The majority of organic meat of all species of domestic animals is produced in France and in United Kingdom, while organic milk is produced mostly in Germany and France. During the year 2018, most organic beef was produced in the UK and France, organic pork in France and Finland, organic sheep meat in Spain and the UK, organic goat meat in Spain, while most of organic poultry was produced in France and in the UK. A significant increase in the number of livestock in organic farming in Europe and in Croatia indicates an increasing interest in organic livestock farming, not only increase of farmers and processors but also increase of consumers of organic products in European countries.

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Madelrieux, Sophie, und Françoise Alavoine-Mornas. „Withdrawal from organic farming in France“. Agronomy for Sustainable Development 33, Nr. 3 (11.12.2012): 457–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13593-012-0123-8.

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Mallet, C., und D. Debroas. „Relations between organic matter and bacterial proteolytic activity in sediment surface layers of a eutrophic lake (Lake Aydat, Puy de Dôme, France)“. Fundamental and Applied Limnology 145, Nr. 1 (03.05.1999): 39–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/archiv-hydrobiol/145/1999/39.

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Asmi, E., E. Freney, M. Hervo, D. Picard, C. Rose, A. Colomb und K. Sellegri. „Aerosol cloud activation in summer and winter at puy-de-Dôme high altitude site in France“. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 12, Nr. 9 (06.09.2012): 23039–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-12-23039-2012.

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Abstract. Cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) size distributions and numbers were measured for the first time at Puy-de-Dôme high altitude (1465 m a.s.l) site in Central France. Majority of the measurements were done at constant supersaturation (SS) of 0.24%, which was also deduced to be representative of the typical in-cloud SS at the site. CCN numbers during summer ranged from about 200 up to 2000 cm−3 and during winter from 50 up to 3000 cm−3. Variability of CCN number was explained by both particle chemistry and size distribution variability. The higher CCN concentrations were measured in continental, in contrast to marine, air masses. Aerosol CCN activity was described with a single hygroscopicity parameter κ. Range of this parameter was 0.29 ± 0.13 in summer and 0.43 ± 0.19 in winter. When calculated using SS of 0.51% during summer, κ of 0.22 ± 0.07 was obtained. The decrease with increasing SS is likely explained by the particle size dependent chemistry with smaller particles containing higher amounts of freshly emitted organic species. Higher κ values during winter were for the most part explained by the observed aged organics (analysed from organic m/z 44 ratio) rather than from aerosol organic to inorganic volume fraction. The obtained κ values also fit well within the range of previously proposed global continental κ of 0.27 ± 0.21. During winter, the smallest κ values and the highest organic fractions were measured in marine air masses. CCN closure using bulk AMS chemistry led to positive bias of 5% and 2% in winter and summer, respectively. This is suspected to stem from size dependent aerosol organic fraction, which is underestimated by using AMS bulk mass composition. Finally, the results were combined with size distributions measured from interstitial and whole air inlets to obtain activated droplet size distributions. Cloud droplet number concentrations were shown to increase with accumulation mode particle number, while the real in-cloud SS correspondingly decreased. These results provide evidence on the effects of aerosol particles on maximum cloud supersaturations. Further work with detailed characterisation of cloud properties is proposed in order to provide more quantitative estimates on aerosol effects on clouds.

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Asmi, E., E. Freney, M. Hervo, D. Picard, C. Rose, A. Colomb und K. Sellegri. „Aerosol cloud activation in summer and winter at puy-de-Dôme high altitude site in France“. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 12, Nr. 23 (04.12.2012): 11589–607. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-12-11589-2012.

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Sinulingga, Hiskia Arapenta, Max Rudolf Muskananfola und Siti Rudiyanti. „HUBUNGAN TEKSTUR SEDIMEN DAN BAHAN ORGANIK DENGAN MAKROZOOBENTOS DI HABITAT MANGROVE PANTAI TIRANG SEMARANG“. Management of Aquatic Resources Journal (MAQUARES) 6, Nr. 3 (30.04.2018): 247–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/marj.v6i3.20583.

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ABSTRAK Pantai Tirang merupakan salah satu pantai di Semarang, terletak di sebelah barat dari bandara Ahmad Yani, pantai Maron dan Muara Kali Angke di Desa Tambakrejo, Kecamatan Tugu, Kabupaten Semarang. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui tekstur sedimen dan bahan organik, mengetahui nilai indeks biologi (indeks keanekaragaman, indeks keseragaman, dan indeks dominasi), dan mengetahui hubungan tekstur sedimen dan bahan organik dengan makrozoobentos di Habitat Mangrove Pantai Tirang Semarang. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah: metode deskriptif (analisa lapangan dan laboratorium). Analisa lapangan di Pantai Tirang Semarang dan analisa laboratorium di Lab Pengelolaan Sumberdaya Ikan dan Lingkungan Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan Universitas Diponegoro. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan 3 kali dengan interval waktu 2 minggu sekali. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tektur sedimen didominasi oleh fraksi pasir berkisar 90,92-94,56% pada sampling pertama; fraksi liat 26,08 – 61,24% pada sampling kedua; fraksi liat berkisar 23,28-59,88 % pada sampling ketiga; dan Nilai bahan organik berkisar antara 1,88-5,88%. Nilai indeks keanekaragaman berkisar 0,563-1,003, indeks keseragaman berkisar 0,579-0,909, indeks dominasi berkisar 0,371-0,624 dan kelimpahan makrozoobentos berkisar antara 1995,27-5985,83 ind/m3. Jenis makrozoobentos yang mendominasi adalah dari genus Cerithidea. Hubungan tekstur sedimen dominan (fraksi clay) dan bahan organik dengan makrozoobentos: fraksi clay dengan kelimpahan makrozoobentos memiliki hubungan terbalik, semakin tinggi fraksi clay maka kelimpahan makrozoobentos makin rendah dengan koefisien korelasi -0,18. Bahan organik dengan kelimpahan makrozoobentos memiliki keeratan hubungan sedang, bahan organik makin tinggi maka kelimpahan makrozoobentos meningkat. Kata Kunci : Tekstur Sedimen; bahan organik; makrozoobentos; Pantai Tirang Semarang ABSTRACT Tirang Beach is one of the beaches in Semarang located at the westside of Ahmad Yani airport, Maron Beach and the estuari of Angke River, Tambakrejo village, Tugu subdistrict, Semarang Regency. The objective of the research is to determine the sediment textures and organic matters, to know the biological indices (diversity index, uniformity index, and the dominance index), and to determine the relationship between macrozoobenthos with sediment textures and organic matter in Mangrove habitat at Tirang Beach Semarang.This study adopts a descriptive method (Field and laboratory analysis). Field analysis in Tirang Beach Semarang and laboratory analysis at the Laboratory of Fish Resources Management and Environment Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, University of Diponegoro in Semarang. Sampling was conducted three times at intervals of 2 weeks.The results of this study shows that sediment textures is dominated by sand fraction ranged from 90,92 to 94,56% at fiirst sampling; clay fractions ranged from 26,08 to 61,24 % at second sampling; clay fraction ranged from 23,28-59,88 % at third sampling. Diversity index values ranged from 0,563 to 1,003, uniformity index ranges from 0,579 to 0,909, dominance index ranged from 0,371 to 0,624 and the abundance of macrozoobenthos from 1995.27 to 5985.83 ind/cm3. Macrozoobenthos is dominated by genus Cerithidea. Relation of sediment texture (clay fraction) and organic material with macrozoobenthos. The clay fraction and abundance of macrozoobenthos has a negative correlation, high clay concentration low macrozoobenths abundance and correlation value of -0.18. Organic matter and abundance of macrozoobenthos has a moderate correlation, high organic material high macrozoobenthos abundance and correlation value 0.73. Keywords: Sediment textures, organic matters; Macrozoobenthos; Tirang Beach Semarang

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Sousa, Alcina Maria Pereira de. „Retórica e poder: representações do discurso empresarial em textos multinodais nos media“. Organicom 5, Nr. 9 (16.12.2008): 144. http://dx.doi.org/10.11606/issn.2238-2593.organicom.2008.138990.

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A análise multidisciplinar de alguns excertos das revistas The Economist (de circulação internacional), e em contraste, Visão e Sábado (no espaço lusófono), visa promover uma reflexão, embora sumária, sobre a natureza da representação e do impacto do discurso empresarial e de negócios, em textos jornalísticos. Evidenciamos o recurso a estratégias linguísticas, discursivas e estilísticas frequentes, nomeadamente ao inglês como língua franca, à literariedade e à criatividade, implícitas em metáforas visuais, recorrentes em textos multimodais. Estes contribuem para o envolvimento dos leitores / cidadãos, num crescendo emocional, na construção de sentidos nos e para além dos textos no contexto discursivo e social, determinando uma forma particular de percepcionar temáticas desconhecidas em domínios interdiscursivos.

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Dissertationen zum Thema "Organická frakce"

Krist, Tomáš. „Sekvenční frakcionace organické hmoty huminové kyseliny izolované z Leonarditu“. Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta chemická, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-445142.

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The aim of the diploma thesis was to optimize the sequential fractionation method of organic matter to be used for physico-chemical characterization of extracted fractions. Humic acid isolated from oxidized brown coal of Leonardite was used as a source matrix of organic matter. An eluotropic series was assembled and sequential fractionation was performed by extraction on a Soxhlet apparatus. The original humic acid and fractions were characterized by elemental analysis (EA) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), followed by Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR), molecular absorption spectrometry (UV/VIS), fluorescence spectrometry and potentiometric titration. Atomic ratios were determined from the results of the elemental analysis. From the measured UV/Vis and fluorescence excitation and emission spectra, the absorption coefficients, resp. fluorescence coefficients. Used fractionation method proved to be a suitable method for studying HA structure. A total of 62 wt. % of initial materiál was extracted, indiivdual fraction amounted from 0.36–30.92 wt. %. From the results of the structural analysis, it is clear that with increasing polarity of the organic solvent, fractions with long aliphatic chains were first isolated and their aromaticity graddualy increased. Non-polar organic solvents were suitable for the extraction of lipid-like coumpounds, while the most polar organic fractions were rich in polar groups and their structual parameters were close to the original humic acid. The fraction extracted with acetonitrile was the most unique fraction. This fraction was rich on nitrogen and amine groups and was similar to protein-like structures. In the last two fractions, extracted with alcohols, a significant bathochromic shift typical of fluorophore type V was observed. Among other things, they were also characterized by a higher content of plant carbohydrate residues.

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Golan, Romy. „A moralised landscape : the organic image of France between the two world wars“. Thesis, Courtauld Institute of Art (University of London), 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.245817.

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Lévesque, Micheline. „Comparison of soil properties between conventional and organically managed farms in eastern and central France“. Thesis, McGill University, 1993. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=67542.

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Field plots under organic and conventional management system were investigated to detect the effects of soil management practices on their soil physical, chemical and microbiological properties. The 16 farms studied, located in France, were arranged into eight matched pairs (organic/conventional).
The study revealed that in comparison with the conventionally managed soils, the organically managed soils tended to have equal to higher pH, buffering capacity, Ca, organic matter and moisture contents, and lower potential acidity values, as well as higher numbers of aerobic mesophyle and lactobacilli, and more intense alkaline phosphatase activity. The differences in soil properties between the members of matched pairs, in general were relatively small.
Soil organic matter content and nutrient availability (Ca, P), the use of lime and/or soil CaCO$ sb3$ concentrations, and use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides were found to have an influence on soil microbial activity. Soil and crop type were also found to influence some of the chemical and biological properties.

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Moss, Stephen James. „Burial diagenesis, organic maturation and tectonic loading in the French subalpine chains, S.E. France“. Thesis, Durham University, 1992. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/5865/.

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The French Subalpine Chains of southeastern France lie on the western edge of the Western Alps. The area is the foreland fold/thrust belt to the main orogenic hinterland to the east. The Mesozoic and Cenozoic geological history of the area is typical of many foreland regions, with a former gently subsiding passive margin altered to a destructive margin through compressional tectonics and ocean closure. This thesis details the results of a case study into particular aspects of the sedimentology and basin history of the Subalpine Chains fold/thrust belt. The two main aspects to this thesis are burial diagenesis and the causes of palaeo-temperature variation within the fold/thrust belt. A principal aim of this research was to document the burial diagenetic history of the mid-Cretaceous rudist-bearing 'Urgonian' limestone. Similar Cretaceous rudist platform limestones elsewhere in the world are good reservoir rocks. Often their good porosity is due to the selective dissolution associated with the bi-mineralic rudist shells. Although later cement precipitation often has modified this. Regional dolomitization of platform carbonates has also been known for a long time to increase the reservoir potential of such sediments. In the Urgonian, fabric selective secondary porosity, equant burial cements and dolomitization are important components of the platform's diagenetic history. The petrography and geochemistry of rudist shells, the equant calcite cements responsible for occluding the majority of porosity and replacive dolomitization within the basal section of the Urgonian platform are described. On the basis of the field, petrographic and geochemical data, a diagenetic model for the Urgonian is proposed. The second principal aim was to study the regional variations in maximum burial temperatures and depths. To this end several palaeo-thermal indices were studied (clay minerals, vitrinite reflectance and spore fluorescence) and the thermal history of the region is modelled using a PC-based modelling package (Basinmod). Regional trends in thermal indices are presented and quite clearly indicate an along strike (of the foreland fold/thrust belt) variation in burial temperatures, with a less important across strike trend. A simple thermal history model is used to estimate the maximum depths of burial of specific locations and the results compared to measured values of maturity. Both the modelling and field relationships suggest that major overthrust sheets emplaced only in the northern part of the study area are the principal cause of the greater depth of burial of that part of the Subalpine Chains. The causes of thermal perturbations in fold/thrust belts are discussed. A final third part of this thesis details the results of a pilot study of the geochemistry of syn-tectonic veins. The petrography and outcrop nature of these veins indicate that cyclic hydraulic fracturing (the so-called "crack-seal mechanism") was very important in producing fractures within the rocks during Alpine deformation. These were healed by calcite cements, the stable isotope composition of which indicates the significance of water/wall rock interaction and the temperature of the precipitating fluids on the isotopic composition of the precipitate. Taken as a whole the geochemistry strongly suggests that syn-tectonic fluid flow was highly channelised.

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Bertrand, Suzie, und Laure Larcher. „Communication of natural beauty products companies“. Thesis, Halmstad University, School of Business and Engineering (SET), 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-2659.

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Throughout this work, this study tries to understand “how organic cosmetics companies advertise through magazines?”

In the first place, the theories about green marketing will be studied and the focus will more specifically be on green marketing communication and the communication on general.

Then, we will analyze qualitatively and quantitatively the organic cosmetics’ communication in fashion and health magazines. We will try to compare the differences in communication between these two magazines’ types.

Afterwards, we link the analysis of advertising with the theory in order to underline if the organic cosmetic companies apply the theory in their communication strategy.

To conclude, we will try to answer the question: “how organic cosmetics companies advertise through magazines?”

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Hill, Rory Anthony Daniel. „Local, loyal and constant? : on the dynamism of 'terroir' in sustainable agriculture“. Thesis, University of Oxford, 2016. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:392a4f20-7660-4b54-b7b1-c333bb12c922.

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'Terroir' is a concept that is used in France, and increasingly elsewhere, to evoke character and quality in food and drink in relation to the place it comes from. In this thesis, I investigate how terroir has attained its present-day economic value and cultural resonance; how it is subject to multiple forms of articulation across France; and how it is put to use as part of the philosophies and practices of environmentally sustainable modes of production. I use cultural and historical modes of enquiry and I draw upon interviews, participant observation, discourse and archive analysis carried out on fieldwork in three production chains in eastern France; being wine production in Burgundy, walnut production in the Isère valley, and Reblochon cheese production in the Alps. In the course of this thesis, I elucidate the cultural significance and epistemology of the concept, and make arguments that propositions for terroir consist of both specific geographical extent and historical density of explanation; that the rhetorical assembly of stories about terroir permits claims for continuity in production and tradition; and that the adoption of organic and biodynamic methods of farming troubles inherited understandings of what terroir is, through the intervention of the lively propensities of biotic actors. This is a story about food, farming and culture in France that I tell to critically examine the local, loyal and constant predicates of terroir, and to make an original contribution to our understanding of the cultural and historical background to the French and European systems of geographical protection in food and drink.

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Stabholz, Marion. „Impact of dense water formations on the particulate organic matter dynamics : application to the gulf of Lion margin“. Perpignan, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PERP1245.

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Fang, Zhengyangzi, und Eliette Levy. „An Analysis of Consumption and Purchasing toward Organic Fruits : Cross-Countries Study between China and France“. Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för marknadsföring (MF), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-44540.

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Background: Organic food became a popular topic in recent years. Even though organic markets are becoming larger than before, the organic fruit market is still a niche market around the world. Consumers’ purchasing intentions towards organic products are impacted by many factors. Purpose: The purpose of this research study is to investigate the customers’ purchasing behaviors with different food-related lifestyles in China and France. Method: A research model and four hypotheses alongside the study have been used after reviewing relevant literatures. An online questionnaire survey was conducted in China and France, which resulted in 261 completed and usable responses. Results: All hypotheses were accepted representing all the independent variables, which includes attitudes toward purchasing organic fruit, subjective norms, perceived control and food-related lifestyles, influencing purchase intentions. In terms of research questions, the results suggested that food-related lifestyles in different countries exhibited positive significant relationships with customers’ planned behavior.

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Barbet, Christelle. „Modélisation régionale de la composition chimique des aérosols prélevés au puy de Dôme (France)“. Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014CLF22473/document.

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Dans l’atmosphère, les particules d’aérosol jouent un rôle clef sur le climat et, par leur action sur la qualité de l’air, ont un impact néfaste sur la santé publique. Ces particules sont composées d’un mélange complexe d’espèces inorganiques et organiques formées à partir d’une grande variété de sources. Si les sources et mécanismes de production des espèces inorganiques sont désormais relativement bien connus, la caractérisation de la fraction organique des aérosols est beaucoup plus complexe : elle est constituée d’aérosols organiques primaires, émis directement dans l’atmosphère, et d’aérosols organiques secondaires (AOS) produits par la conversion gaz-particules de Composés Organiques Volatils (COV). Afin de comprendre les processus de formation des aérosols organiques, des modèles tridimensionnels de chimie-transport sont mis en œuvre. Or, à ce jour, les concentrations en aérosols organiques observées dans l’atmosphère demeurent sous-estimées par ces modèles. L’objectif de cette thèse est d’étudier les différents processus de transport, d’émissions et de transformations chimiques intervenant dans la formation des aérosols organiques à partir du modèle de chimie-transport WRF-Chem (Weather Research and Forecasting – Chemistry). Les sorties du modèle ont été comparées à des mesures effectuées à la station du puy de Dôme au cours de trois situations correspondant à trois saisons (automne, hiver, été) durant lesquelles des masses d’air de diverses origines ont été échantillonnées. Ces mesures documentent les conditions météorologiques, les propriétés des espèces chimiques gazeuses et des particules d’aérosol. En particulier, les mesures fournies par un spectromètre de masse (AMS : Aerosol Mass Spectrometer), fournissent de informations détaillées sur la variabilité temporelle de la composition chimique des aérosols et notamment sur leur concentration en masse. Les comparaisons modèle/mesures ont montré que les variations saisonnières de la composition chimique des aérosols observées au puy de Dôme étaient bien capturées par le modèle. Cependant, il s’est avéré que les concentrations en aérosols organiques étaient fortement sous-estimées par le modèle et plus particulièrement lors de la situation d’été. La confrontation des origines des masses d’air simulées par le modèle WRF-Chem à celles déterminées par le modèle lagrangien HYSPLIT reconnu pour l’étude de la dispersion atmosphérique et l’analyse des variations de la localisation du sommet du puy de Dôme vis-à-vis de la couche limite atmosphérique ont mis en évidence que le transport était correctement reproduit par le modèle. Les mesures de gaz disponibles au puy de Dôme ont mis en évidence une forte sous-estimation des concentrations en COV d’origine anthropique simulées par le modèle. Des tests de sensibilité ont été réalisés sur les émissions de ces espèces pour restituer les niveaux de concentration observés. Les émissions et les rendements en AOS des COV d’origine anthropique implémentés dans la paramétrisation VBS dédiée aux aérosols organiques dans le modèle ont pu être modifiés afin de reproduire les niveaux de concentration en aérosols organiques observés au puy de Dôme
In the atmosphere, aerosol particles play a key role on both climate change and human health due to their effect on air quality. These particles are made of a complex mixture of organic and inorganic species emitted from several sources. Although the sources and the production mechanisms for inorganic species are now quite well understood, the characterization of the organic fraction is much more difficult to study. Indeed, particulate organic matter comes from primary organic aerosols directly emitted to the atmosphere and secondary organic aerosols (SOA), which are formed from gas-to-particle conversion of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC). Three-dimensional chemistry-transport models are developed to better understand the organic aerosol formation processes. However, these models underestimate the organic aerosol concentrations. The aim of this thesis is to study the transport, the emissions and the chemical transformations involved in the formation of the organic aerosols using the WRF-Chem chemistry-transport model (Weather Research and Forecasting – Chemistry; Grell .et al., 2005). Model outputs are compared to measurements performed at the puy de Dôme station (France) during three campaigns. These measurements allow for characterizing various air masses and different seasonal behaviours (in autumn, winter and summer). The station hosts many probes for controlling meteorological parameters, gas phase species and aerosol properties. In particular, a mass spectrometer (AMS: Aerosol Mass Spectrometer) provides detailed time evolution of the chemical composition and mass concentration of the particulate matter. The comparisons between model results and observations have shown that seasonal variations of the aerosol chemical composition are captured by the WRF-Chem model. However, the organic aerosols mass concentrations are strongly underestimated and this underestimation is more important for the polluted summer case. The calculated origins of air masses are comparable to the results of the lagrangian model HYSPLIT currently used for atmospheric dispersion. The top of the puy de Dôme is observed to be either in the boundary layer or above depending on the season and these observations are correctly reproduced by the WRF-Chem model. As the anthropogenic VOC concentrations are underestimated by WFR-Chem model, sensitivity tests on the anthropogenic VOC emissions and SOA yields, used in the VBS secondary organic aerosols parameterisation, are done to better reproduce the organic aerosol concentrations observed at the puy de Dôme station

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Kouns, Carolina, und Yael Margulis. „Rock-magnetic and Soil Organic Carbon Proxies of Climate Change from Loess – Aeolian Sediments of Brittany, France“. Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för geovetenskaper, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-445688.

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The aeolian sediment loess, which consists of mineral dust, is one of the most detailed terrestrial record of both global and regional climate changes. As climate changes in the past cover a much wider range of climate variability than humans have directly recorded, the soil memory of loess is vital for understanding the Earth’s climate system. By examining past climate records and analyzing past climate changes and factors that have instigated changes, inferences regarding future climate can be made. Therefore, the aim of this research was to define the specific depositional and post-depositional conditions of a loess sequence in Primel-Tr gastel, Brittany, north-western France. This was done by examining the magnetic susceptibility (MS), and loss on ignition (LOI) of 63 samples from the Primel-Tr gastel sequence. The result suggests that the lower part was formed during a relatively long, cold and dry period, with significant temperature oscillations, resulting in several periglacial phases. The data also shows an increase in the MS signal for the middle units, which then gradually decreases simultaneously as there is a sharp rise in the proportion of organic matter (OM). This is followed by a steep drop and finally an overall increase in OM, which suggests that this period has been characterized by both stadial and interstadial phases. The upper part displays a general increase in MS values, as well as increased organic matter, which implies a milder climate with increased temperatures. The study provides the first comprehensive estimate of the regional climate variability and provides a base towards a more comprehensive and overarching understanding of our climate system.

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Bücher zum Thema "Organická frakce"

Europe, SPIE, Alsace international, Association française des industries de l'optique et de la photonique und Society of Photo-optical Instrumentation Engineers, Hrsg. Organic optoelectronics and photonics III: 7-10 April 2008, Strasbourg, France. Bellingham, Wash: SPIE, 2008.

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Meunier, Jacques. Physics of Amphiphilic Layers: Proceedings of the Workshop, Les Houches, France February 10-19, 1987. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1987.

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International Symposium on Crystalline Organic Metals, Superconductors and Ferromagnets (5th 2003 Port-Bourgenay, France). ISCOM 2003: The Fifth International Symposium on Crystalline Organic Metals, Superconductors and Ferromagnets : Port-Bourgenay, France, September 21-26, 2003. Les Ulis, France: EDP Sciences, 2004.

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Chèze, Catherine. Polyphenols, Wine and Health: Proceedings of the Phytochemical Society of Europe, Bordeaux, France, 14th-16th April, 1999. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2001.

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Jean, Burrus, Institut français du pétrole und Centre national de la recherche scientifique (France), Hrsg. Thermal modeling in sedimentary basins: 1st IFP Exploration Research Conference, Carcans, France, June 3-7, 1985. Paris: Editions Technip, 1986.

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Volf, Élie. Michel-Eugène Chevreul (1786-1889): Un savant doyen des étudiants de France : des corps gras et de la chandelle à la perception des couleurs. Paris: L'Harmattan, 2012.

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International Meeting of Physical Chemistry (53rd 1995 Paris, France). Organic coatings: 53rd International Meeting of Physical Chemistry : Ministère de la Recherche, Paris, France, January, 1995. Herausgegeben von Lacaze Pierre-Camille und Amouroux Jacques. Woodbury, N.Y: AIP Press, 1996.

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Alemany, A. Transfer Phenomena in Magnetohydrodynamic and Electroconducting Flows: Selected papers of the PAMIR Conference held in Aussois, France 22-26 September 1997. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1999.

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NATO, Advanced Research Workshop on 'Photoactive Organic Materials: Science and Applications' (1995 Avignon France). Photoactive organic materials: Science and applications : proceedings of the NATO Advanced Research Workshop on 'Photoactive Organic Materials: Science and Applications,' Avignon, France, June 25-30, 1995. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1996.

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Integration, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development Working Party on Economic and Environmental Policy. Comparing the profitability of organic and conventional farming: The impact of support on arable farming in France. Paris: OECD, 2000.

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Buchteile zum Thema "Organická frakce"

Juge, Chloé, Elie Langard, Mathilde Le Traou, Agathe Rival, Maëlle Simmen, Valentin Bellassen, Marion Drut und Matthieu Duboys De Labarre. „Organic Flour in France“. In Sustainability of European Food Quality Schemes, 49–68. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-27508-2_3.

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Poméon, Thomas, Allison Loconto, Eve Fouilleux und Sylvaine Lemeilleur. „Organic farming in France“. In Ecology, Capitalism and the New Agricultural Economy, 207–26. First edition. | New York : Routledge, [2019] |Series: Critical food studies series: Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781351210041-10.

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Gauvrit, Lisa, und Burkhard Schaer. „Organic PGI Camargue Rice in France“. In Sustainability of European Food Quality Schemes, 111–30. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-27508-2_6.

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Hanzo, M., und J. Espitalié. „Relationship Between Organic Matter and Sedimentation in the Lias of Lorraine (France)“. In Hydrocarbon and Petroleum Geology of France, 121–36. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-78849-9_8.

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Guillet, Bernard, und Ousmane Maman. „Sulphur speciation in the Late Glacial and Holocene sediments of the Lac du Bouchet (Haute Loire, France)“. In Organic Matter Accumulation, 169–82. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bfb0117673.

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Viollier, Eric, Patrick Albéric, Marc Evrard, Didier Jézéquel, Dominique Lavergne, Gil Michard, Monique Pèpe, Gérard Sarazin und Pierpaolo Zuddas. „Geochemical study of the Lac du Bouchet, Haute-Loire, France Part I: water balance and biogeochemical implications“. In Organic Matter Accumulation, 95–118. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bfb0117669.

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Bessereau, G., und F. Guillocheau. „Sequence Stratigraphy and Organic Matter Distribution of the Lias of the Paris Basin“. In Hydrocarbon and Petroleum Geology of France, 107–19. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-78849-9_7.

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Laborde, Cécile. „Organic Integration: Léon Duguit and Corporatist Pluralism“. In Pluralist Thought and the State in Britain and France, 1900–25, 101–24. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230599604_6.

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Bréhéret, J. G. „The Mid-Cretaceous Organic-Rich Sediments from the Vocontian Zone of the French Southeast Basin“. In Hydrocarbon and Petroleum Geology of France, 295–320. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-78849-9_21.

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Jézéquel, Didier, Patrick Albéric, Alain Desprairies, Marc Evrard, Dominique Lavergne, Gil Michard, Andrew J. Patience et al. „Geochemical study of the Lac du Bouchet (Hte-Loire, France) Part II: water-sediments-organic matter interactions during the last 2500 years“. In Organic Matter Accumulation, 119–43. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bfb0117670.

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Konferenzberichte zum Thema "Organická frakce"

Roizard, D., E. Favre, V. Teplyakov und V. Khotimsky. „Organic Membranes and Related Molecular Separation Processes: Input in Energy and Environment Areas“. In 3rd France-Russia Seminar. Les Ulis, France: EDP Sciences, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/names2007032.

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Jacob, J., A. Simonneau, A. Thibault, T. Thiebault, C. Le Milbeau, R. Boscardin, L. Fougère, E. Destandau und C. Morio. „Environmental and Anthropic Controls on Sediments and Biomarker Deposition in a Decantation Tank (Orleans, France)“. In 29th International Meeting on Organic Geochemistry. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.201902679.

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Le Meur, M., M. Boussafir, C. Le Milbeau, M. Debure und C. Lerouge. „Organic Characterization of the “TÉGulines Clay Formation”, East Paris-Basin, France: Bulk and Molecular Investigations“. In 29th International Meeting on Organic Geochemistry. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.201902765.

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Zhang, Xiao-Kang, und Xiao-Jing Ye. „A Study of Variable Fiber-Polymer Optical Attenuator for Simple Frame“. In Organic Photonics and Electronics. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ope.2006.optud17.

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Huguet, A., A. Thibault, C. Anquetil und S. Derenne. „Tracing the Sources of Organic Matter in the Seine Estuary (Nw France): A Lipid Biomarker Approach“. In 29th International Meeting on Organic Geochemistry. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.201902931.

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Schmitt, S., P. Adam, P. Schaeffer, C. Féliu, N. Schneider-Schwien, D. Minni, M. Châtelet, E. Boes, D. Azar und A. Nel. „Molecular Investigation of Archaeological Ambers from Alsace (Ne France): Origins and Alteration Processes“. In 30th International Meeting on Organic Geochemistry (IMOG 2021). European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.202134073.

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Rome´ro, Ste´phanie. „Environmental Remediation of an ALSTOM Grid Industrial Site (France)“. In ASME 2011 14th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2011-59270.

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ALSTOM Grid is the project owner of the remediation of a former industrial site, located in Saint-Ouen, north of Paris. The industrial activity (power transformer production) started in 1921 and stopped in 2006. The type of pollution is linked with the former activity. It’s an organic pollution: hydrocarbon, PCB and chlorinated volatile organic compounds. The clean-up concerns soil and groundwater. The main specificity of the project is that the remediation is operated inside the existing industrial buildings which must be kept in place and restituted to the owner after the works. The treatment of soil requires excavating soil up to 9 m deep (1 m under the level of the groundwater) inside the buildings. As a consequence, some impressive devices were set up to ensure the stability of the buildings during the clean-up, like support structures of the foundations and strengthening of the building fronts. In the same time, it has to be pointed out that great diversity of clean-up actions is performed on the site: the soil is excavated to be treated on site (bioremediation or chemical treatment) or off site. The treatment of groundwater consists of pumping the oil staying on the surface and oxidizing the dissolved pollution. This project is probably the first experience of this scale in France with multi-contaminated soil and groundwater decontamination in keeping and reinforcing the existing buildings.

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Zhang, Zhe-Xuan, Edith Parlanti, C. Anquetil, M. Sourzac und Arnaud Huguet. „Sources and Spatial Variations of Particulate Organic Matter in the Seine Estuary (NW France)“. In 30th International Meeting on Organic Geochemistry (IMOG 2021). European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.202134366.

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Thiebault, T., J. Jacob, A. Simonneau, A. Thibault, C. Le Milbeau, R. Boscardin, P. Sabatier et al. „Evolution of Licit and Illicit Drugs Since 1980 from a Sedimentary Archive in the Sewer Network of Orleans (France)“. In 29th International Meeting on Organic Geochemistry. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.201902684.

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Huguet, A., J. Lebrun-Thauront, J. Maubert, C. Anquetil, J. Morelle, F. Orvain, M. Sourzac und E. Parlanti. „Influence of Bioturbators on the Quality of Organic Matter in the North Intertidal Mudflat of the Seine Estuary (France)“. In 29th International Meeting on Organic Geochemistry. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.201902936.

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Berichte der Organisationen zum Thema "Organická frakce"

Thoms, Adam, Isaac Mertz und Nick Christians. Golf Course Fairway Organic Matter Management with Fraze Mowing. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/farmprogressreports-180814-1605.

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