Thematische Bibliographien / Organic polymeric additives

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Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Organic polymeric additives“

Autor: Grafiati

Veröffentlicht am 18. Mai 2024

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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "Organic polymeric additives"

Morlens, S., N. Romà, S. Ricart, A. Pomar, T. Puig und X. Obradors. „Thickness control of solution deposited YBCO superconducting films by use of organic polymeric additives“. Journal of Materials Research 22, Nr. 8 (August 2007): 2330–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2007.0296.

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We show that the thickness of yttrium–barium–copper–oxide (YBCO) superconducting films grown from trifluoroacetate precursors can be strongly modified using polymeric additives, while deposition conditions by spin or dip coating remain unchanged. A screening of different families of organic additives has been performed, and the best results have been achieved using polymers having an oxygen functionalized backbone. Two different polymeric additives, polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), have been more thoroughly investigated, and thermal analysis suggests that PEG is the most promising alternative because the pyrolysis step of the new complex precursors remains sharp and narrow and hence the final homogeneity of the film is preserved. The combination of anhydrous trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) solutions and poly(ethylene-glycol) (PEG8000) as additive can produce an increase of the YBCO film thickness up to 300%, while keeping a fast pyrolysis process and high critical current densities.

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Mastalygina, E. E., L. A. Kolesnikova und S. D. Brovina. „Antimicrobial Additives for the Creation of Functional Polymer Materials for Various Applications“. Occupational Safety in Industry, Nr. 8 (August 2023): 7–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.24000/0409-2961-2023-8-7-14.

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Creation of the functionalized polymeric materials with additional properties is an important area of research. In this review the prospects are discussed related to imparting antimicrobial properties to polymers for further use of materials in the field of medicine, packaging products, hygiene and agricultural products, and other branches of industry. Based on the results of the assessment of existing methods, it is shown that the most technically simple approach is the introduction of an antimicrobial additive into the bulk of the polymer during its processing, which allows to avoid additional processing steps for the finished products. However, this approach is inexpedient from the point of view of saving the additive, which, as a rule, performs its functions only on the surface of the polymer products. Surface treatment of the finished polymer products with antimicrobial agents (coatings) is most preferable from the point of view of saving expensive additives. Among the antimicrobial additives used, inorganic substances (metals and their compounds), as well as organic and organometallic substances, including antibiotics, can be distinguished. As a rule, additives of natural origin, which are a mixture of substances, are distinguished into a separate group. According to the conducted analysis of the antimicrobial additives used, it is established that the inorganic antimicrobial additives are the most versatile for modifying various polymers. They can be used in the form of nanosized particles, which virtually eliminates their effect on the performance properties of the polymeric materials. In addition, the additives of inorganic nature have a high chemical and thermal stability, and therefore are suitable for introducing into the polymer melt at the stage of its processing. Organic and organometallic substances are, as a rule, more sensitive to high temperatures, which limits their use as additives in the polymeric materials. However, they are more effective against pathogenic microorganisms.

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Koukoumtzis, Vasilis, Georgia C. Lainioti, George A. Voyiatzis und Joannis K. Kallitsis. „Novel Hybrid Organic–Inorganic Polymeric Coatings Containing Phosphonium or Acidic Groups for Improving Flame Retardancy of Wood“. Coatings 13, Nr. 4 (09.04.2023): 754. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings13040754.

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Flame-retardant polymeric coatings with high limiting oxygen index (LOI) were prepared by combining inorganic mineral huntite (H5) and polymeric additives synthesized in the present work into a polymeric formulation. In order to improve the dispersion of the Mg- (and Ca)-based H5 particles, additives containing phosphonium and acidic groups were employed to homogenize the inorganic fillers into the polymer matrix. Specific blend combinations of the commercial matrix Ecrovin® LV 340 eco with huntite and the additives poly(benzyltriphenylphosphonium-co-4-styrene sulfonic acid) P(SSH-co-SSBTPB60) and poly(hexadecyltributylphosphonium-co-4-styrene sulfonic acid) P(SSH-co-SSTBHDPB80), combining acidic and phosphonium groups, led to LOI values of 34.5% and 33.5%, respectively. The novel flame-retardant polymeric coatings inhibited the combustion of the coated wood substrates, which is attributed to the combination of acidic groups that promote the dispersion of inorganic filler in the polymer matrix and phosphonium groups that support the increase in LOI values.

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Rosen-Kligvasser, Jasmine, Adi Pariente, Maayan Shaked, Ran Y. Suckeveriene, Roza Tchoudakov und Moshe Narkis. „Extended Additives’ Performance in Polyethylene Thin Films“. MRS Advances 1, Nr. 53 (2016): 3601–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/adv.2016.494.

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ABSTRACTFor several decades additives have been incorporated into polymeric systems to improve desirable properties, and eliminate undesirable properties. When added to a polyethylene film, the additives migrate to the films’ surface and their concentration decreases; over time the additive’s effect desists. To solve this problem, efficient methods for extended performance are being sought. Extended additives’ performance is necessary to avoid frequent substitution of polyethylene films for different applications (e.g. greenhouses plastic coverings); as a result, reducing plastic waste and contributing to environmental sustainability. Over the course of our work, a new method of additives’ controlled migration has been developed, by grafting the additive molecules to nano-particles (NPs) via a radical reaction. The particles were used as physical migration retarders. Nano-particles were chosen due to their small size, which does not scatter light significantly. It was thus possible to make composites that retain their optical clarity. Furthermore, the small size of the particles leads to a large interfacial area for grafting. This work focuses on additives such as antifogs (AF) and UV protecting agents. The NPs serve as physical migration retarders, as well as UV protecting agents; the organic grafted molecules serve as AF additives. The existence of the grafted AF molecules to the NP’s surfaces was confirmed; the polyethylene containing AF grafted particles (LLDPE/AF-NPs) has shown satisfactory and promising AF and UV protection performance.

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Abd El-Wahab, H. „Synthesis and characterisation of the flame retardant properties and corrosion resistance of Schiff’s base compounds incorporated into organic coating“. Pigment and Resin Technology 44, Nr. 2 (02.03.2015): 101–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/prt-05-2014-0042.

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Purpose – This paper aims to report on the synthesis and characterisation of new flame retardants and anticorrosive additives based on Schiff’s base compounds, which were added physically to organic coating. Design/methodology/approach – Flame retardants are incorporated into polymeric materials either as additives or as reactive materials. Additive-type flame retardants are widely used by incorporating into polymeric materials by physical means. In this research, Schiff’s base (azomethine) compounds are added physically to alkyd paint as flame-retardant additives. Elemental analysis, infrared spectroscopy and proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy were used to characterise the structure of the prepared Schiff’s base compounds. Thermal gravimetric analysis was used to evaluate their thermal stability. Experimental coatings were manufactured on a laboratory scale, and then applied by brush on wood and steel panels. Findings – Results of an oxygen index value indicated that alkyd paints containing Schiff’s base compounds as additives exhibit very good flame-retardant effects. Also the physical, mechanical and corrosion resistance properties were studied to evaluate the drawbacks of the additives. The additives did not affect the flexibility of the paint formula. The gloss and the impact strength were decreased by the additives, but the hardness, adhesion and corrosion resistance were significantly improved by these additives. Research limitations/implications – Alkyd resins are the most extensively used synthetic polymers in the coating industry. Nitrogen compounds are a small but rapidly growing group of flame retardants which are in the focus of public interest concerning environment-friendly flame retardants. So, the focus of this study is on Schiff’s base compounds as flame retardants and anticorrosive additives for alkyd resins to assess their applicability. Practical implications – Schiff’s base compounds can be used as new additives in paint formulations to improve the flame-retardant and corrosion properties. Originality/value – In recent years, there has been considerable interest in the nitrogen-based family of materials because they not only have a wide range of thermal and chemical stabilities, but can also provide improved thermal and flame-retardant properties to polymers. The present paper reports on the synthesis and characterisation of Schiff’s base compounds and their performance in alkyd resin coatings.

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Lozinsky, Vladimir, Olga Kolosova, Dmitrii Michurov, Alexander Dubovik, Viktor Vasil’ev und Valerij Grinberg. „Cryostructuring of Polymeric Systems. 49. Unexpected “Kosmotropic-Like” Impact of Organic Chaotropes on Freeze–Thaw-Induced Gelation of PVA in DMSO“. Gels 4, Nr. 4 (08.10.2018): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/gels4040081.

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Urea (URE) and guanidine hydrochloride (GHC) possessing strong chaotropic properties in aqueous media were added to DMSO solutions of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) to be gelled via freeze–thaw processing. Unexpectedly, it turned out that in the case of the PVA cryotropic gel formation in DMSO medium, the URE and GHC additives caused the opposite effects to those observed in water, i.e., the formation of the PVA cryogels (PVACGs) was strengthened rather than inhibited. Our studies of this phenomenon showed that such “kosmotropic-like” effects were more pronounced for the PVACGs that were formed in DMSO in the presence of URE additives, with the effects being concentration-dependent. The additives also caused significant changes in the macroporous morphology of the cryogels; the commonly observed trend was a decrease in the structural regularity of the additive-containing samples compared to the additive-free gel sample. The viscosity measurements revealed consistent changes in the intrinsic viscosity, Huggins constant, and the excess activation heat of the viscosity caused by the additives. The results obtained evidently point to the urea-induced decrease in the solvation ability of DMSO with respect to PVA. As a result, this effect can be the key factor that is responsible for strengthening the structure formation upon the freeze–thaw gelation of this polymer in DMSO additionally containing additives such as urea, which is capable of competing with PVA for the solvent.

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Oluwunmi, Paul A., Aaron R. Finney und P. Mark Rodger. „Molecular dynamics screening for new kinetic inhibitors of methane hydrate“. Canadian Journal of Chemistry 93, Nr. 9 (September 2015): 1043–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjc-2015-0003.

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The development of polymeric and oligomeric chemical additives that can control the nucleation and growth of gas hydrates remains a topic of major research interest, with important implications for energy security and the environment. In this paper we present a molecular dynamics study of eight different oligomeric compounds that have been proposed as potential kinetic inhibitors for methane hydrate. The results show that statistically significant variations in hydrate formation, induced by the chemical additive, can be observed within a relatively modest series of molecular dynamics simulations, thus opening the way for computational screening for optimal additives to control hydrate formation. One amino acid oligomer, asparagine, was found to be more active than a number of synthetic inhibitors, including PVCap.

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Faccini, Mirko, Lorenzo Bautista, Laura Soldi, Ana M. Escobar, Manuela Altavilla, Martí Calvet, Anna Domènech und Eva Domínguez. „Environmentally Friendly Anticorrosive Polymeric Coatings“. Applied Sciences 11, Nr. 8 (12.04.2021): 3446. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11083446.

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This paper provides a synthetic and comprehensive overview on environmentally friendly anticorrosive polymeric coatings. Firstly, the economic and environmental impact of corrosion is presented to highlight the need of anticorrosive polymeric coatings as a flexible and effective solution to protect a metal. Secondly, the implementation of regulations together with the consumer awareness for environmental considerations and protection of health are the driving force for a progressive but significant change in the sector. Therefore, within the protective organic coatings market, this article provides a review of the most recent developments in environmentally friendly solutions, including bio-based and water-borne epoxy, hyperbranched polyester for low- volatile organic compounds (VOC) coatings, waterborne polyurethane and non-isocyanate polyurethanes (NIPUs), and graphene or bio-based fillers for acrylics. Moreover, this paper outlines new trends such as smart additives, bio-based corrosion inhibitors, and functional antibiocorrosive coatings as superhydrophobics. Finally, industrially relevant applications of environmentally friendly anticorrosive polymeric coatings including solutions for marine and off-shore industries are summarized.

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Mahmood, Wafaa K., Wafaa A. Khadum, E. Eman und Hayder A. Abdulbari. „Biopolymer–Surfactant Complexes as Flow Enhancers: Characterization and Performance Evaluation“. Applied Rheology 29, Nr. 1 (01.03.2019): 12–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/arh-2019-0002.

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AbstractArtificial polymeric additives are known, and experimentally proven, to be effective drag reducing agents in pipelines with turbulent flow medium. The artificial nature of these additives and their low resistance to high shear forces, exerted by the pipeline geometries and equipment, are considered as major problems against a wider implementation in other industrial applications. The present work introduces a new polymer-surfactant complex of two organic additives (chitosan and sodium laurel ether sulfate, SLES) as a drag reducing agent. The rheological and morphological properties of the new complexes were experimentally tested. The new complex’s drag reduction performance and stability against high shear forces were analyzed using rotating disk apparatus. All the investigated solutions and complexes showed a non-Newtonian behavior. The cryo-TEM images showed a unique polymer-surfactant macrocomplex structure with a nonlinear relationship between its rheological properties and surfactant concentration. A maximum flow enhancement of 47.75% was obtained by the complex (chitosan 300 and 400ppmof chitosan and SLES, respectively) at the rotation speed of 3000 rpm. Finally, the stability of the proposed additives was highly modified when the additive complexes were formed.

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Carotenuto, G., M. L. Nadal, P. Repetto, P. Perlo, L. Ambrosio und L. Nicolais. „New Polymeric Additives for Allowing Photoelectric Sensing of Plastics during Manufacturing“. Advanced Composites Letters 16, Nr. 3 (Mai 2007): 096369350701600. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096369350701600303.

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Metallic mercaptides are inert organic compounds (i.e., Mex( SR) y) that can be used to make thermoplastic polymers high luminescent to UV-light. Luminescence is strictly required in polymer manufacturing since this characteristic allows detection of polymer pieces by photoelectric sensors. Luminescent Au, CdS, and ZnS nanoparticles can be generated into thermoplastics like: polystyrene, polycarbonate, poly(vinyl acetate), etc. by thermolysis of the corresponding mercaptides. PL spectra of polymeric films embedding these nanoparticles show intensive visible light emission in different spectral regions. The formation of nanoparticles was probably related to the viscous nature of reaction medium which significantly limit the growth stage.

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Dissertationen zum Thema "Organic polymeric additives"

Harte, Jonathan. „The synthesis of thermally stable inorganic/organic additives for polymeric materials“. Thesis, University of Greenwich, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.415387.

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Tucker, Lucas J. „Liquid crystalline holography the effect of various additives on photopolymerization /“. Related electronic resource: Current Research at SU : database of SU dissertations, recent titles available full text, 2006. http://proquest.umi.com/login?COPT=REJTPTU0NWQmSU5UPTAmVkVSPTI=&clientId=3739.

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Crowson, Andrew. „The effects of electron beam irradiation on additives present in food-contact polymers“. Thesis, Sheffield Hallam University, 1991. http://shura.shu.ac.uk/19520/.

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A range of additives (Irganox 1010, Irganox 1076, Irganox 1330, Irgafos 168 and Tinuvin 622) has been incorporated into a variety of food-contact polymers including polypropylene and low density polyethylene. Samples of these stabilized polymers were subjected to electron-beam or gamma irradiation to receive doses of 1,5,10,25 and 50 kGy. The effects of electron-beam irradiation on the amount of extractable antioxidant in polymers were determined. Using hplc techniques it was found that there was a dose-related reduction in the amount of extractable antioxidant similar to that caused by gamma irradiation. The magnitude of this reduction was found to be dependent upon the nature of both the antioxidant and the polymer type. Electron-beam irradiation was also found to cause a dose-related reduction in the levels of the antioxidants Irganox 1010 and Irganox 1076 migrating from polymers into a food simulant. This effect was similar to that caused by gamma irradiation. The extent of polymer binding of antioxidant fragments derived from Irganox 1076 following electron-beam irradiation was determined, using a radiochemical method. The amount of binding was found to be dose-related and of a similar order of magnitude to that caused by gamma-irradiation. This study has revealed the presence of many irradiation derived antioxidant transformation products in extracts from irradiated polymers. Attempts have been made to isolate and identify these compounds, and a number of possible structures are proposed following lc-ms studies. In some cases, the irradiation-derived transformation products appear to be different to those produced on thermally aging stabilized polymers. Irradiation was also found to give transformation products farmed via the cleavage of tertiary butyl groups from the parent molecules, and such compounds are not produced during the thermal aging of similar stabilized polymers, nor in model reactions between the antioxidants and t-butylperoxyl radicals. A brief examination of the effects of gamma irradiation on Tinuvin 622 in polypropylene was also carried out, and a number of UV absorbing transformation products were detected.

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Lott, Joseph Robert. „Design, Synthesis and Incorporation of Functional Additives into Multilayered Polymer Films“. Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1295673932.

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Dumetz, Andre C. „Protein interactions and phase behavior in aqueous solutions effects of salt, polymer, and organic additives /“. Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file, 284 p, 2008. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1456290971&sid=2&Fmt=2&clientId=8331&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Delaware, 2007.
Principal faculty advisor: Abraham M. Lenhoff, Dept. of Chemical Engineering, and Eric W. Kaler, College of Engineering . Includes bibliographical references.

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Vongsaysy, Uyxing. „Studies on processing additives introduced to increase the efficiency of organic solar cells : selection and mechanistic effects“. Thesis, Bordeaux, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014BORD0230/document.

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Les cellules solaires organiques à hétérojonction en volume (BHJ en anglais) font l'objet d'un grand intérêt car elles représentent une source d'énergie bon marché et renouvelable. Cependant, à cause des rendements généralement bas, ce type de cellule peine à intégrer le marché. Afin d’en augmenter le rendement, contrôler la morphologie des semi-conducteurs dans la BHJ représente un élément clé. Dans ce contexte, il apparaît, dans la littérature, que les additifs solvant permettent de contrôler cette morphologie et d'augmenter les rendements.Cette thèse a pour but de fournir une étude complète sur l'utilisation des additifs. Le couple de semi-conducteurs étudié est le poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT)/[6,6]-phényl-C61butanoate de méthyle (PC61BM).Une première partie présente une méthode développée pour guider la sélection d'additifs parmi une liste de solvants. Cette méthode emploie les paramètres de solubilité de Hansen des semi-conducteurs. Elle est appliquée au système P3HT/PC61BM et résulte en l'identification de trois nouveaux additifs performants. Ensuite, des caractérisations structurales, électriques et optiques sont menées sur la BHJ et permettent d'identifier les effets des additifs. Les effets de ces additifs se révèlent être différents en fonction de l'architecture des dispositifs. L'origine de telles différences est corrélée aux variations de mobilités des porteurs de charge causées par les additifs. Des tests de photo-stabilité ont été menés et montrent que les additifs sont capables d'augmenter la stabilité des cellules solaires. L’origine de telles améliorations est étudiée. Enfin, l'étude est étendue à deux autres nouveaux polymères semi-conducteurs
Polymeric bulk heterojunction (BHJ) organic solar cells (OSCs) have attracted significant interest as a low cost and renewable technology to harvest solar energy. However, their generally low efficiencies are a barrier for their movement into commercial application. Controlling the BHJ morphology is a key step in the pursuit of higher OSC efficiencies. Processing additives have emerged as effective components for optimizing the BHJ morphology. This thesis provides a comprehensive study on the introduction of additives in the formulation of semiconductors. The semiconductor system studied is based on poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) and [6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PC61 BM). First, a method was developed to guide the selection of additives from a large range of solvents. This method employs the Hansen solubility parameters of the semiconductors and was successfully applied to the P3HT/PC61 BMsystem. It resulted in the identification of three new efficient additives. Next, the mechanistic role of additives in influencing the BHJ morphology is investigated by performing structural, electrical and optical characterizations. Also, the effect of additives on OSC performance was found to depend on the type of the OSC architecture. Such differences were correlated to the variations in charge carrier mobilities caused by the additive. Furthermore, photo-stability tests, performed on different types of OSCs, showed that processing additives can improve the photo-stability. The origin of such improvement is investigated. Finally, the scope of this study is extended to two other donor semiconducting polymers

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Dilla, Rodger Alan. „Poly(ethylene glycol)-based Polymers: Synthesis, Characterization, and Application“. University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1555344606484453.

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Bladholm, Viktor. „Organic Fillers for Solid Rocket Fuel“. Thesis, KTH, Skolan för kemi, bioteknologi och hälsa (CBH), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-259589.

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Idag är de vanligaste använda raketerna flytande-bränsle- och fast-bränsle- raketer. Flytande-bränsle-raketer har fördelen att det kan manövreras men de har en komplex design och problem med förvaring. Fast-bränsle-raketer har en enkel design och kan förvaras men de har en miljöpåverkan och bränslet kan vara svårhanterligt. En tredje typ av raketer, hybridraketer, kan kombinera enkelheten från fasta-bränsle-raketer med manövreringsbarheten från vätske-bränsle-raketer. Trots fördelarna med hybridraketer används de inte på grund av att bränslet har låg regressionshastighet och låg densitet. Organiska additiv har visat sig förbättra dessa egenskaper. 50 organiska additiv granskades med avseende på deras specifika impuls, densitet, kostnad och användarvänlighet. De mest lovande organiska additiven utvärderades sedan experimentellt. Termogravimetrisk analys (TGA), isotermviktförlust, kompatibilitet och differentiell svepkalorimetri (DSC) användes. Resultaten indikerar att hexamin, fluorene, anthracene och 1,4-dicyanobenzene har mest potential att förbättra bränslet i hybridraketer.
Liquid propellant and solid propellant rockets are the most commonly used rockets Liquid propellant rockets have the advantage of being manoeuvrable with a high specific performance while they exhibit problems with storage and a complex design. Solid propellant rockets offer simplicity and are storable while they have a large environmental impact and could be difficult to handle. A third type of rocket, hybrid propellant rocket has the potential to combine the simplicity of solid propellant rocket with the manoeuvrability of liquid propellant rockets. While the hybrid propellant rocket offers advantages over liquid propellant and solid propellant rocket it have problems with its fuel which have a low regression rate and low density. Organic fillers were evaluated since they may increase in the regression rate and the density of the solid fuel. 50 organic fillers were assessed with regards to their specific impulse, density, cost and handling properties. The organic fillers with the most promising properties were then experimentally evaluated. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), isothermal weight loss test, compatibility test and differential scanning calorimetry analysis were conducted. The results indicate that hexamine, fluorene, anthracene and 1,4-dicyanobenzene are the most suitable organic fillers of those evaluated..

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Satpathi, Hirak. „Novel phosphorus containing poly(arylene ethers) as flame retardant additives and as reactant in organic synthesis“. Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-176136.

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Due to their outstanding properties, poly(arylene ethers) are useful as toughness modifiers in epoxy resins (EP). Furthermore, these polymers show rather low intrinsic fire risks. According to recent research it has been incorporated that poly(arylene ether phosphine oxides) [PAEPO’s] can further improve the fire behavior. Increasing phosphorous content of the PAEPO can influence the fire behavior too. Fire retardants containing phosphorus – regardless of whether an additive or reactive approach is used – show different mechanisms in the condensed and gas phase. In the present study PSU Control (BPA based polysulfone) with four different PAEPO’s and their corresponding blends with an EP were investigated. All poly(arylene ether phosphine oxides) were synthesized by nucleophilic aromatic polycondensation. The polymers obtained covered a wide range of weight average molar masses (6,000 – 150,000 g/mol) as determined by size exclusion chromatography with multi-angle light scattering detection (MALLS). FTIR, NMR spectroscopy and MALDI-TOF revealed formation of the desired polymer structure of the linear poly(arylene ethers). All polymers were easily soluble in common organic solvents, thus enabling processing from solution.The pyrolysis and the fire retardancy mechanisms of the polymers and blends with epoxy resin (EP) were tackled by means of a comprehensive thermal analysis (thermogravimetry (TG), TG-evolved gas analysis) and fire tests [PCFC, limiting oxygen index (LOI), UL-94, cone calorimeter]. The Mitsunobu reaction of Dimethyl-5-hydroxyisophthalate and a long chain semifluorinated alcohol requires triphenyl phosphine as a reactant. Identical, in some case higher yield was obtained in the usual conditions, with triphenyl phosphine and with trivalent phosphorus containing polymers, which was prepared in solvent free bulk (melt) polymerization technique from trivalent phosphorus monomer and a silylated diphenol in presence of CsF. Purification and the recovery of the final product which is always a big challenge in case of Mitsunobu reaction, was far more easier using polymer compared to triphenyl phosphine. During polymerization there was a possibility to have polymer having repeating unit containing both trivalent phosphorus and phosphine oxide. The trivalent phosphorus content of the polymer can be varied using different molar concentration of CsF.

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Preston, Adam J. „Structural and functional relationships in dendrimers Part 1: synthesis and study of liquid crystalline dendrimers as additives to dental composites. Part 2: effect of selective metal coordination on dendrimer structure /“. Connect to this title online, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1104355003.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2005.
Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages; contains xxvi, 533 p.; also includes graphics (some col.) Includes bibliographical references (p. 259-292).

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Bücher zum Thema "Organic polymeric additives"

Shanefield, Daniel J. Organic Additives and Ceramic Processing: With Applications in Powder Metallurgy, Ink, and Paint. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1995.

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Buchteile zum Thema "Organic polymeric additives"

Yang, Yong. „Hydroxypropylcellulose“. In Polymer Data Handbook, 196–201. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195181012.003.0034.

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Abstract Major Applications Lubricants for artificial eyes , pharmaceutical excipients such as tablet binder, tablet coatings, modified drug release, food additives, protective colloid for emulsion polymerization, rheology additive for coatings, inks, adhesives, cosmetics, and papers. Properties of Special Interest Completely soluble in water and organic polar solvents such as alcohols.

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Jenke, Dennis. „Organic Polymer Additives“. In Encyclopedia of Chromatography, Third Edition (Print Version). CRC Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/noe1420084597.ch324.

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„Organic Mass-Spectrometric Methods“. In Additives in Polymers, 349–423. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/0470012064.ch6.

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Devikala, Sundaramurthy, und Johnson Maryleedarani Abisharani. „Addition of Organic Compounds in Gelatin-biopolymer Gel Electrolyte for Enhanced Dye-sensitized Solar Cells“. In Advances in Solar Photovoltaic Energy Systems. IntechOpen, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.1003045.

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This chapter introduced a new series of organic compound additives like thiophene 2,5-dicarboxylic acid (TDA), sulfanilamide (SAA), 2,6-diamino pyridine (DAP), dibenzo-18-crown-6 (DBC) and 2,6-pyridine dicarboxylic acid (PDA) with gelatin/KI/I2 consist gel polymer electrolytes for dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) application. Nowadays, it is focusing on biopolymers for preparing gel electrolytes for DSSCs application which is a conventional renewable energy source. Biopolymers are abundant in nature, and they are non-toxic, thermally stable, environmentally friendly, low-cost, and have good mechanical and physical properties. The introduced novel gelatin (GLN) biopolymer-based gel electrolytes play a role in improving ionic conductivity and stability, and it also play a better ability for ionic mobility. The low-cost and commercialized organic additive molecules with electron donors like S, O and N elements were strongly coordinated on the surface TiO2 and fermi level shift into negative potentials. The organic additive compound SAA achieved a very active additive and easily reduced the recombination reaction between the surface of TiO2 and I3− ions. This phenomenon readily improves the stability and overall η of the DSSC. During the DSSCs process, intrinsic charge carrier transfer between both electrodes as well as the continuous regeneration of the dye molecules. The surface study and conductivity of prepared gelatin-based gel electrolyte with N, S and O-based additives were characterized by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), UV-visible, X ray diifraction (XRD), Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) and dye-sensitized solar cells (DSC), respectively. Furthermore, to examine the adsorption behaviour of organic additives on TiO2 (101) surface and negative fermi level shift on TiO2 surface were analysed by density functional theory (DFT) theoretical study.

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Wypych, George. „RHEOLOGICAL ADDITIVES. ORGANIC THICKENERS“. In Encyclopedia of Polymer and Rubber Additives, 395–97. Elsevier, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-1-77467-028-6.50073-1.

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Majumdar, Pradip, und Amartya Chakrabarti. „Diverse Applications of Graphene-Based Polymer Nanocomposites“. In Diverse Applications of Organic-Inorganic Nanocomposites, 47–82. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-1530-3.ch003.

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Polymer nanocomposites are unique materials reinforced with nanoscale additives. Among a variety of nanomaterials available to act as filler additives in different polymer matrices, graphene is the most versatile one. Graphene-based polymer nanocomposites have improved electrical, mechanical, chemical, and thermal properties, which make them suitable for applications in the electronics, energy, sensor, and space sectors. Graphene, the nanosized filler, can be prepared using either a top-down or a bottom-up approach and dispersed in the polymer matrix utilizing different conventional techniques. The nanocomposite materials find usage in suitable area of applications depending on their specific characteristics. This chapter discusses the current state-of-the-art manufacturing techniques for graphene and graphene-based nanocomposite materials. Application of graphene-based polymer nanocomposites in the various fields with an emphasis on the areas high heat flux applications requiring enhanced thermal conductivity will be an additional major focus of this chapter.

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Wypych, Anna, und George Wypych. „Rheological additives. Organic thickeners“. In Databook of the Most Important Polymer and Rubber Additives, 464–76. Elsevier, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-1-77467-030-9.50073-0.

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Owen, Michael J. „Fluorosiloxane Polymers“. In Polymer Data Handbook, 171–73. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195181012.003.0029.

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Abstract Major Applications The commercial applications of fluorosilicones are dominated by PMTFPS (Polymer I). Its major use is as elastomers and sealants in applications exposed to hydrocarbon fuels and oils, and organic solvents; predominantly in the automotive and aerospace industries. Other uses of PMTFPS include antifoam fluids, lubricants, protective gels, and as a cosmetic barrier cream ingredient. Longer fluorocarbon side-chain fluorosiloxanes such as PMNFHS (Polymer II) are used in release coatings for polydimethylsiloxane-based silicone pressure-sensitive adhesives. Emerging fluorosiloxanes include fluoroPOSS materials, such as Polymer III, with potential as nanoscopic fillers and polymer surface modifying additives.

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Kaunas, Roland. „Rational Design of Materials for 3D Bioprinting of Bioinks for Fabricating Human Tissues“. In Additive Manufacturing in Biomedical Applications, 237–45. ASM International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.hb.v23a.a0006904.

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Abstract The field of bioprinting is a subset of additive manufacturing (AM) that is rapidly expanding to meet the needs of regenerative medicine and tissue engineering. Bioprinting encompasses a broad spectrum of issues, from cell expansion and novel bioink development to cell/stem cell printing, from organoid-based tissue organization to bioprinting of human-scale tissue structures, and from building cell/tissue/organ-on-a-chip to biomanufacturing of multicellular engineered living systems. This article focuses on two challenges regarding bioprinting: bioinks and crosslinking. It describes the methods for characterizing the performance of bioink formulations and the effectiveness of crosslinking strategies. The topics covered include modalities of bioprinting, characteristics of bioink, rheological properties of bioink sols, rheological measurements, mathematical models of bioink rheology, postfabrication polymer network mechanics, mechanical properties of crosslinked bioinks, and printability of bioinks. Finally, specific strategies used for crosslinking bioinks, as well as some emerging strategies to further improve bioinks and their crosslinking, are summarized.

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Jenke, Dennis. „Chromatographic Methods Used to Identify and Quantify Organic Polymer Additives“. In Encyclopedia of Chromatography, 330–48. CRC Press, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/noe0824727857-70.

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Konferenzberichte zum Thema "Organic polymeric additives"

Oliveira, Gonçalo, Bernardo Alves, Ricardo Mineiro, Ana Maria Rocha Senos, Cristina Fernandes, Daniel Figueiredo und Maria Teresa Vieira. „Indirect Additive Manufacturing (Material Extrusion) as a Solution to a New Concept of Cutting Tools“. In World Powder Metallurgy 2022 Congress & Exhibition. EPMA, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.59499/wp225366866.

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A cermet grade with TiCN as major phase and 15wt.% Co/Ni as the binder and secondary carbides WC, Mo2C and NbC was selected for indirect additive manufacturing (Material Extrusion). These powder constituents were the primary material of feedstocks to produce filaments for the indirect AM process - Material Extrusion (MEX). The filaments result from the extrusion of a feedstock previously optimized (CPVC= critical powder volume concentration) and selection of polymeric binder and additive. Concerning the cermet powder particles, 4Ss (particle size, particle size distribution, particle shape, and particle structure) and the quality of the organic binder/additives through the feedstock and filament behaviour were evaluated, in what concerns "printability" and sinterability. Cermet 3D-objects were successfully printed by MEX and sintered. No significant deformation was measured after debinding and sintering, and no undesired phases were detected in the microstructures of the 3D-object.

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Christoulis, D. K., F. Borit, V. Guipont und M. Jeandin. „Al-12Si Cold Sprayed Coatings with Controlled Porosity“. In ITSC2008, herausgegeben von B. R. Marple, M. M. Hyland, Y. C. Lau, C. J. Li, R. S. Lima und G. Montavon. Verlag für Schweißen und verwandte Verfahren DVS-Verlag GmbH, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.itsc2008p1272.

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Abstract The demand of industry for metallic thermal sprayed coatings with controlled porosity until now is fulfilled by the spraying of metallic powders mixed with additives (organic element in many cases) which play the role of pores. The new technology of cold spray can lead to the formation of innovate coatings of controlled porosity by using pure metallic (or alloy) powder without any further addition. A fine Al-12Si powder (<45 µm) was sprayed with a cold spray system (CGT Kinetic 3000-M) on stainless steel substrate under different spraying conditions. In the present study, the new polymeric nozzle PBI-33 of CGT was used for the formation of al-based coatings. The microstructure, the porosity, the Vickers microhardness and the superficial Rockwell hardness (R15Y) of the produced coatings are examined.

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Krayushkina, Kateryna, Tetiana Khymeryck und Kyrylo Fedorenko. „Usage of new materials during rehabilitation of road structure using cold recycling technology“. In 6th International Conference on Road and Rail Infrastructure. University of Zagreb Faculty of Civil Engineering, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5592/co/cetra.2020.1229.

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Until recently, the most common way for recovering of damaged and worn asphalt pavements on Ukrainian roads remains the provision of additional reinforced layers over the old pavement with patching. However, such measures give only a short-term effect because after one or two years, the existing deformations and fractures beneath reinforced layers occur, especially in conditions of insufficient strength of the foundations. But nowadays, recycling technology of different variations became the main method of existing pavement renovation. The economic attractiveness of cold recycling technology is primarily in the reuse of existing road material for arrangement of new pavement layers, so there is no need to arrange special areas for storage and disposal of old asphalt. In addition, the use of such technology helps to minimize the harmful impacts on the environment during road repair works. The essence of cold recycling technology, which is the most widely used in Ukraine for the arrangement of a road foundation layer, is in the fact that the defective and destroyed pavement layers are strengthened directly by complex admixtures of organic (hot bitumen, bituminous emulsion, foamed bitumen) and mineral suspensions, lime) binders. Cold recycling, according to the complications of the work, is divided into several types, depending of the depth of cutting. The choice of a particular type of recovery depends mainly on the condition of the entire pavement structure, which is determined prior to the start of repair works. Optimal mis design of the organic and mineral mixture for the arrangement of the road foundation layer by cold recycling technology is also executed before the beginning of the works. Actually, the main direction of cold recycling technology research in Ukraine is the usage of new materials such as fiber - basalt or polymer, stabilizing additives (ionic or polymeric), industrial waste - slags of various types of production or other by-products. Performed studies have shown that the use of organic and mineral mixtures of optimal design with the insertion of basalt fiber increases crack resistance and durability of the arranged road foundation layer.

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de Oliveira, Elisa M. N., Mariana B. Sormani, Luiz P. Hurtado und Rodrigo D. O. Polkowski. „Potential use of graphene composites in epoxy resin as anticorrosive painting in automotive industry“. In SAE Brasil 2023 Congress. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2023-36-0139.

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<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">Steel represents more than 50% of weight in vehicles, being more susceptible to corrosion processes. Corrosion studies in these components are of great industrial and economic interest, and anticorrosive coatings with efficiency of superior protection is still a relevant area in materials research. Paintings from inorganic and organic hybrid compounds have been used to produce more effective and efficient coatings. Among polymeric coatings, epoxy resin is considered one of the most used anticorrosion coatings, mainly due its excellent protective properties. High barrier level is reached by reinforcing the coatings with inorganic fillers such heavy metal, nanoparticles, silica, and now more recently, carbon-based materials, like graphene and its derivatives. Graphene combined with additives presented in the paint composition can act as a passive physical barrier between the corrosive environment and the metal surface, restricting the diffusion of corrosive agents across the metal surface. In this work we provided a general view about the potential use of anticorrosive protective coatings based on graphene composites in epoxy resins in the automotive industry. We evaluated the state-of-the-art of some recent advances in the scientific and patent research databases in the last 10 years, as well as the existing commercial products available in the market. Finally, positive and negative points of view were observed in the use of graphene composites in coatings, such as the possibility of producing waterborne paint, which causes a reduction of potential polluting materials present in paint compositions. On the other hand, the dispersion and interactions of graphene structures along the resins are still the main challenges in processing of these composites. Despite facing major challenges, its versatility and noticeable studies results reveal the capability of graphene composite coatings to attend demand protection standards of the new car’s generation.</div></div>

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Mackevičius, Rimantas, Danutė Sližytė, Tatyana Zhilkina und Vadim Turchin. „Investigation of influence of additives on properties of multi-molecular organic solutions used for permeation grouting“. In The 13th international scientific conference “Modern Building Materials, Structures and Techniques”. Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/mbmst.2019.112.

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Permeation grouting for stabilization of dispersive sandy and gravely soils is in use from beginning of 19th century and has high importance for various underpinning, tunneling, and structural strengthening works. As materials for permeation grouting are applied not only cement mortar or silica gel in many compositions but multi-molecular organic solutions too. From multi-molecular organic solutions for permeation grouting are in use various synthetic resins such as acrylic, urea-formaldehyde, or other polymer resins. Urea-formaldehyde resin has right physical and mechanical properties for applying in soil stabilization but additives can change these properties. For example, additives can increase density, pH-rate, and gel-formation time of urea-formaldehyde resin. Additives can decrease viscosity of solutions based on urea-formaldehyde resin. Additives can improve environmental aspects of use of multi-molecular organic solutions for grouting of sandy soils. Long-time investigations of influence of additives on properties of multi-molecular organic solutions used for soil stabilization give good results for optimization of composition of materials for grouting.

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Huang, Min. „Multiscale study of the effects of the flemion polymer as PSS:PEDOT additive“. In Organic and Hybrid Light Emitting Materials and Devices XXIII, herausgegeben von Franky So, Chihaya Adachi und Jang-Joo Kim. SPIE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2529991.

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Pratiwi, Etty, Jati Purwani, Erny Yuniarti und Edi Husen. „Effect of polymer additives on viability of Rhizobium japonicum in Molasses-based liquid organic fertilizer“. In INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ORGANIC AND APPLIED CHEMISTRY (ICOAC) 2022. AIP Publishing, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0185052.

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Shevelev, V. S., A. V. Ishchenko, S. Yu Sokovnin, V. G. Il’ves und B. V. Shulgin. „Influence of luminescent additives on the optical and luminescent properties of organic polymers“. In PHYSICS, TECHNOLOGIES AND INNOVATION (PTI-2019): Proceedings of the VI International Young Researchers’ Conference. AIP Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5134404.

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Heinrich, Andreas, und Manuel Rank. „Locally and temporally resolved image-based determination of the refractive index distribution during additive manufacturing of polymer“. In Organic Photonic Materials and Devices XXV, herausgegeben von Ileana Rau, Okihiro Sugihara und William M. Shensky. SPIE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2647273.

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Deville, Jay P., Preston A. May und J. J. Miller. „Nanoparticle Fluid Loss Control Additive Enables Zero-Spurt Loss in High Performance Water-Based Drilling Fluids“. In IADC/SPE International Drilling Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/208695-ms.

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Abstract Fluid invasion into permeable formations can lead to a host of undesirable effects during well construction. These effects which include formation instability, formation damage, and differential sticking, can result in reduced wellbore productivity or increased non-productive time (NPT). These issues are particularly acute in water-based drilling fluids which tend to have worse fluid loss control than non-aqueous fluids. A variety of additives, including clay minerals and polymers, have been used extensively to mitigate fluid loss in water-based fluids. Often additional materials, such as latex polymer dispersions, are added to act as sealing agents to further reduce fluid loss. The primary role of these sealing agents is to reduce spurt loss, which is the fluid lost prior to the construction of an adequate filter cake and establishment of steady-state fluid loss behavior. Despite application of these combinations of products, there remains a need for improved offerings particularly at higher temperatures and in more permeable formations. In this paper, we report a new hybrid organic/inorganic nanoparticle fluid loss control additive that substantially reduces fluid loss volumes and remarkably affords fluids with no spurt loss. The new hybrid nanoparticle additive was evaluated in several concentrations in a variety of water-based drilling fluid formulations, including both freshwater and brine-based fluids. Standard rheological properties were measured using a rotational viscometer, both before and after aging at elevated temperature. The critical fluid loss measurements were conducted using both high temperature/high pressure (HTHP) filtration and particle plugging tests (PPT). For PPT, various pore throat sizes and differential pressures were evaluated. These results were compared to parallel trials conducted with the same water-based mud formulations containing alternative fluid loss or sealing agents. Water-based drilling fluids containing the new nanoparticle were shown to outperform conventional additives. In some formulations filtrate volumes in both PPT and HTHP tests were reduced significantly. In others, a considerably lower loading of the nanoparticle additive yielded filtrate volumes that were comparable to higher loadings of existing additives. In both cases the rheological impact of the nanoparticle was not substantially different than the alternatives evaluated. The nanoparticle solution was shown to be robust, providing fluid and spurt loss reduction across a range of formulations, pore throat sizes, temperatures, and differential pressures. Nanotechnology remains an exciting frontier in the development of efficient, high-performance additives for drilling fluids. The ability of these innovative nanoparticles to reduce filtrate volumes and provide zero spurt loss represents a step-change in filtration control in water-based fluids. Application of these nanoparticles in well construction can allow for improved wellbore stability, reduced formation damage due to fluid invasion, and reduced NPT.

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Berichte der Organisationen zum Thema "Organic polymeric additives"

Lenz, Mark. RV POSEIDON Fahrtbericht / Cruise Report POS536/Leg 1. GEOMAR, Oktober 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3289/geomar_rep_ns_56_2020.

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DIPLANOAGAP: Distribution of Plastics in the North Atlantic Garbage Patch Ponta Delgada (Portugal) – Malaga (Spain) 17.08. – 12.09.2019 The expedition POS 536 is part of a multi-disciplinary research initiative of GEOMAR investigating the origin, transport and fate of plastic debris from estuaries to the oceanic garbage patches. The main focus will be on the vertical transfer of plastic debris from the surface and near-surface waters to the deep sea and on the processes that mediate this transport. The obtained data will help to develop quantitative models that provide information about the level of plastic pollution in the different compartments of the open ocean (surface, water column, seafloor). Furthermore, the effects of plastic debris on marine organisms in the open ocean will be assessed. The cruise will provide data about the: (1) abundance of plastic debris with a minimum size of 100 μm as well as the composition of polymer types in the water column at different depths from the sea surface to the seafloor including the sediment, (2) abundance and composition of plastic debris in organic aggregates (“marine snow”), (3) in pelagic and benthic organisms (invertebrates and fish) and in fecal pellets, (4) abundance and the identity of biofoulers (bacteria, protozoans and metazoans) on the surface of plastic debris from different water depths, (5) identification of chemical compounds (“additives”) in the plastic debris and in water samples.

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