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Molnár V., Attila, Viktor Löki, Marc Verbeeck und Kristóf Süveges. „Orchids of Azerbaijani Cemeteries“. Plants 10, Nr. 12 (16.12.2021): 2779. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants10122779.
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In order to explore their orchid flora, we performed surveys of 96 Azerbaijani burial places in 2018 and 2019. Altogether, 28 orchid taxa were found in 37 visited cemeteries. In the orchid diversity a remarkable pattern was observed: geographic latitude was significantly and positively related to the number of taxa and number of individuals. The most widespread and abundant orchids in Azerbaijani graveyards were Anacamptis pyramidalis and A. papilionacea (found in 23 and 8 cemeteries, respectively). Azerbaijani cemeteries can be important refuges for rare and threatened orchids, e.g., Himantoglossum formosum (three cemeteries), Ophrys sphegodes subsp. mammosa (eight), Orchis adenocheila (two), O. punctulata (three), O. stevenii (one) and Steveniella satyrioides (one). Epipactis turcica, detected in a single locality, was previously unknown to the flora of Azerbaijan. Additionally, we documented orchid tuber (salep) collection in two cemeteries.
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Shamsudin, Nor Amirah, Jaya Seelan Sathiya Seelan, Jualang Azlan Gansau und Nor Azizun Rusdi. „A review: Molecular identification of orchid mycorrhiza“. Advances in Horticultural Science 38, Nr. 1 (04.04.2024): 97–116. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/ahsc-14952.
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Orchids are a diverse and widespread family of flowering plants, with over 25,000 known species and more than 100,000 hybrids and cultivars. Orchids are characterised by their often showy and highly specialised flowers and have unique and intricate floral. Orchids are known to be highly dependent on their mycorrhizal fungi for nutrient uptake, especially during the early stages of their development. Orchid seeds lack the endosperm present in most other seeds, which means they cannot germinate without a source of nutrition. The relationship between orchids and mycorrhiza is known as orchid mycorrhizae or orchid mycorrhiza. In orchid mycorrhiza, the orchid plant forms a mutualistic relationship with certain species of fungi that are able to penetrate the orchid’s roots and colonise its tissues to provides the orchid with essential nutrients. Orchid mycorrhizal fungi are often highly specific, meaning that they can only form partnerships with certain orchid species, and vice versa. The importance of mycorrhizal fungi in the orchid life cycle is crucial from both evolutionary and ecological standpoints. Therefore, it is essential to acquire a thorough comprehension of this relationship and develop methodologies for isolating, identifying, and preserving significant fungal strains that are associated with different orchid species. In recent years, there has been a considerable increase in research concentration on mycorrhizal interactions in orchids. However, certain inquiries remain unresolved pertaining to the fungal communities associated with orchids as well as the divergences notices across different species and geographical locales. The present paper provides a through, and extensive analysis of the fungal life associated with orchids. This article presents a succinct overview of the molecular techniques utilised by researchers globally to isolate and identify peloton-forming fungi in both temperate terrestrial and tropical orchids. The review begins by proving a concise introduction to the background material regarding the wide range of fungal species that are linked with orchids. It then proceeds to explores the topic of orchid mycorrhizal fungi (OMF) and orchid non-mycorrhizal fungi (ONF). The subsequent analysis explores the crucial function that orchid mycorrhizal fungi play in the processes of seed germination and development. Moreover, the study elaborates on the methodologies utilised for isolating fungi, extracting fungal DNA, selecting primers, amplifying DNA and subsequent analysis sequence data. This article considers several molecular identification approaches that are used in studying orchid endophytic mycorrhizal. Using molecular approaches, orchid mycorrhizal can be further explored and identified.
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Farokhah, Tria, Sri Utami und Jumari Jumari. „Diversity and Abundance of Orchids at Gebugan Nature Reserve in Semarang, Indonesia“. Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education 10, Nr. 2 (29.08.2018): 284–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/biosaintifika.v10i2.14579.
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Orchid is a plant with a high aesthetic value.The existence of orchids directly by the community from their natural habitat, causing the existence of orchid in nature was threatened. The potential of orchid diversity in the Gebugan Nature Reserve area needs exploration to maintain its sustainability. This research would explore the diversity and abundance of orchid species and determined the environmental conditionof Gebugan Nature Reserve. The study was done on 2 stations with altitude difference are 900 m asl and 1045 m asl. Five plots of 10 m x 10 m were systematically constructed at each station with a distance of plots 50 meters. Species of orchids found in the Gebugan Nature Reserve were 12 species, including 11 species of epiphytic orchids and 1 species of terrestrial orchids. The abundance of individual orchid species was relatively higher in places with higher altitudes. Micropera sp was the most abundant orchid species and Corymborkis veratrifolia was the species of orchid with the lowest abundance. It is found that the environmental conditions of Gebugan Nature Reserve are suitable for orchid. The novelty of the research is providing a new data base of orchid in the Gebugan Nature Reserve. The result of the study would be beneficial for developing strategy of genetic conservation of orchird germplasm.
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Evans, Alexandra, Sam Janssens und Hans Jacquemyn. „Impact of Climate Change on the Distribution of Four Closely Related Orchis (Orchidaceae) Species“. Diversity 12, Nr. 8 (13.08.2020): 312. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d12080312.
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Long-term monitoring programs and population demographic models have shown that the population dynamics of orchids are to a large extent dependent on prevailing weather conditions, suggesting that the changes in climatic conditions can have far reaching effects on the population dynamics and hence the distribution of orchids. Although a better understanding of the effects of climate change on the distribution of plants has become increasingly important during the final years, only a few studies have investigated the effects of changing temperature and precipitation on the distribution of orchids. In this study, we investigated the impact of climate change on the distribution of four terrestrial orchid species (Orchis anthropophora, Orchis militaris, Orchis purpurea and Orchis simia). Using bioclimatic data for current and future climate scenarios, habitat suitability, range shifts and the impact of different abiotic factors on the range of each species were modelled using Maxent. The results revealed an increase in suitable habitat area for O. anthropophora, O. purpurea and O. simia under each RCP (Representative Concentration Pathway) scenario, while a decrease was observed for O. militaris. Furthermore, all four of the orchids showed a shift to higher latitudes under the three RCPs leading to a significant range extension under mild climate change. Under severe climate change, a significant decline in the distribution area at the warm edge of their distributions was observed. Overall, these results show that mild climate change may be beneficial for the studied orchid species and lead to range expansion. However, continued warming may yet prove detrimental, as all species also showed pronounced declines at lower latitudes when temperature increases were larger than 4 °C.
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Scopece, Giovanni, Nicolas Juillet, Christian Lexer und Salvatore Cozzolino. „Fluctuating selection across years and phenotypic variation in food-deceptive orchids“. PeerJ 5 (25.08.2017): e3704. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.3704.
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Nectarless flowers that deceive pollinators offer an opportunity to study asymmetric plant-insect interactions. Orchids are a widely used model for studying these interactions because they encompass several thousand species adopting deceptive pollination systems. High levels of intra-specific phenotypic variation have been reported in deceptive orchids, suggesting a reduced consistency of pollinator-mediated selection on their floral traits. Nevertheless, several studies report on widespread directional selection mediated by pollinators even in these deceptive orchids. In this study we test the hypothesis that the observed selection can fluctuate across years in strength and direction thus likely contributing to the phenotypic variability of this orchid group. We performed a three-year study estimating selection differentials and selection gradients for nine phenotypic traits involved in insect attraction in two Mediterranean orchid species, namely Orchis mascula and O. pauciflora, both relying on a well-described food-deceptive pollination strategy. We found weak directional selection and marginally significant selection gradients in the two investigated species with significant intra-specific differences in selection differentials across years. Our data do not link this variation with a specific environmental cause, but our results suggest that pollinator-mediated selection in food-deceptive orchids can change in strength and in direction over time. In perennial plants, such as orchids, different selection differentials in the same populations in different flowering seasons can contribute to the maintenance of phenotypic variation often reported in deceptive orchids.
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Handayani, Etty, Agung Astuti und Yogawati Printarani Yahwidhi. „In Vitro Culture of Orchids Grammatophyllum scriptum lindl. from Ambonese banana Peel in Foliar Fertilizer Medium“. Tropical Plantation Journal 2, Nr. 2 (25.07.2023): 60–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.56125/tpj.v2i2.31.
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The sustainability of Grammatophyllum scriptum orchids in nature is threatened due to excessive harvesting which results in changes and damage to the orchid's growing habitat. G. scriptum orchid is one of the endemic orchids that has uniqueness and high economic value. In vitro culture propagation of G. scriptum orchids is carried out to multiply and maintain the existence of the orchid. The use of alternative media in vitro culture is carried out to minimize the cost of making the medium and utilize materials available in nature. The utilization of Ambonese banana peel waste that has not been carried out optimally is considered to be one of the choices as an alternative medium in propagation of G. scriptum orchids This study aims to determine the most appropriate combination of foliar fertilizer and banana peel concentration for in vitro multiplication of orchid explants and to examine the effect of the combination of leaf fertilizer and banana peel concentration on the multiplication of orchid explantsVitro. The study will be carried out using a single-factor experimental method with 8 treatments, arranged according to the Complete Randomized Design (RAL). The treatment tried was in vitro culture of G. scriptum orchids on Growmore media and Ambonese banana peels including inner banana peels of 50g/L and 100g/L; outer banana peel 50 g/L and 100 g/L; banana peel combined 50 g / L and 100 g / L. The results showed the addition of Ambon banana peel had an influence on the percentage of life and growth of shoots, leaves and roots of G. scriptum orchid plants Treatment with the addition of a combined banana peel of 50 g / L in leaf fertilizer medium provides the best growth in terms of the percentage of life, plant height growth, leaves and plant roots.
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Riandinata, Selamet Kurniawan, Athifah Athifah und Muh Ramdhan Sofyan Syafii. „Inventarisasi Keanekaragaman Anggrek (Orchidaceae) di Kecamatan Polinggona Kabupaten Kolaka“. Bioscientist : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi 10, Nr. 1 (30.06.2022): 333. http://dx.doi.org/10.33394/bioscientist.v10i1.5003.
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Orchid is type of flowering plant that has economic value because most of them have beautiful and attractive flowers. The existence species of orchids in nature is increasingly threatened due to the high activity of land conversion and hunting for the orchids themselves. The purpose of this study was determine the diversity of orchids spesies in Polinggona, Kolaka district Southeast Sulawesi. The research used an explorative and interview method. Based on the observations, there were 31 species of epiphytic orchids, 5 species of terrestrial orchids, one semi-terrestrial orchid and there are 6 species of orchids is unidentified.The results of vertical distribution on the host tree, the epiphytic orchids found growing in all zones were Pomatocalpa spicata and Dendrobium ephemerum and mostly the epiphytic orchids in the observation site grew in zone III, specifically at the base of branching of its host tree.Terrestrial orchid type Arundina graminifolia has the most limited distribution compared to other terrestrial orchid species. The types of terrestrial and semi-terrestrial orchids that were found were all close to the river flow.
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Rewers, Monika, Iwona Jedrzejczyk, Agnieszka Rewicz und Anna Jakubska-Busse. „Genome Size Diversity in Rare, Endangered, and Protected Orchids in Poland“. Genes 12, Nr. 4 (13.04.2021): 563. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes12040563.
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Orchidaceae is one of the largest and the most widespread plant families with many species threatened with extinction. However, only about 1.5% of orchids’ genome sizes have been known so far. The aim of this study was to estimate the genome size of 15 species and one infraspecific taxon of endangered and protected orchids growing wild in Poland to assess their variability and develop additional criterion useful in orchid species identification and characterization. Flow cytometric genome size estimation revealed that investigated orchid species possessed intermediate, large, and very large genomes. The smallest 2C DNA content possessed Liparis loeselii (14.15 pg), while the largest Cypripedium calceolus (82.10 pg). It was confirmed that the genome size is characteristic to the subfamily. Additionally, for four species Epipactis albensis, Ophrys insectifera, Orchis mascula, Orchis militaris and one infraspecific taxon, Epipactis purpurata f. chlorophylla the 2C DNA content has been estimated for the first time. Genome size estimation by flow cytometry proved to be a useful auxiliary method for quick orchid species identification and characterization.
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Tokaryuk, Alla, Tetiana Nykyrsa, Illia Chorney, Vasyl Budzhak und Ksenia Korzhan. „The Orchid family (Orchidaceae Juss.) on the territory of Chernivtsi: horological and phytocoenotical features“. Biolohichni systemy 12, Nr. 2 (23.12.2020): 232–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.31861/biosystems2020.02.232.
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The article reports about chorology, phytocenotic, biotopical features of 24 orchid species (Orchidaceae Juss.) on the territory of Chernivtsi. The history of studying orchids in the city is described. The authors give the cadastre of locations of orchids based on studies of material at the herbariums (CHER, KW, LE, LW, МНА), literary sources and own collecting expeditions. There found 24 species of orchids in Chernivtsi. 6 of them (Anacamptis coriophora (L.) R.M. Bateman, Pridgeon et M.W. Chase s.l., A. palustris (Jacq.) R.M. Bateman, Pridgeon et M.W. Chase, Corallorhiza trífida Châtel., Dactylorhiza cordigera (Fries) Soó, Orchis purpurea Huds. та О. signifera Vest.) are not been confirmed by modern collecting expeditions, 3 of them (Anacamptis palustris, Orchis purpurea, О. signifera) were listed from herbarium and literary sources of the second half of ХІХ century. At the moment these species and their habitats are suspected to have been lost due to urban transformation. 17 species (70,8%) of orchids have been found in 1-5 habitats, and 7 species (29,2%) – in 6-20 habitats. Orchids are the part of 4 alliance 4 orders and 2 classes of natural vegetation Carpino-Fagetea sylvaticae Jakucs ex Passarge 1968 and Molinio-Arrhenatheretea Tx. 1937 and 5 types of habitats (4 of them are natural and 1 – synanthropic) on the territory of Chernivtsi. Natural plant communities with orchids belong to 4 habitats from Annex I of the Council Directive – 9130, 9170, 6510, 6440 and 4 biotopes listed in Resolution №4 of the Bern Convention – G1.6, G1.A1, E2.2, Е3.4. Remnants of natural forest biotopes having orchids were survived by the designation of landscape sanctuary – «Tsetsino» (430 ha) the object of national significance and «Haryachyy Urban» (108 ha) the object of regional significance. There are 11 and 2 species of orchids on the territory of «Tsetsinо» and «Haryachyy Urban» respectively. Cultivated coenosis of the biggest Park Architecture Monument of regional significance «Zhovtnevyy» (63,5 ha) have 3 speсies of orchids. 4 species are not protected. These results are important for follow-up monitoring measures on rare species of plants in Chernivtsi.
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Madoui, Amar, Khellaf Rebbas, Rabah Bounar, Mohamed Djamel, Miara Véla und Errol Véla. „Contribution à l’inventaire des Orchidées de la wilaya de Sétif (nord-est de l’Algérie)“. Bulletin de la société linnéenne de Lyon 86, Nr. 9 (2017): 273–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/linly.2017.17856.
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Contribution to the list of Orchids in the Sétif province (north-eastern Algeria). The Sétif province is renowned for its floristic and ecological diversity. This biodiversity demands a proper field investigation to locate, identify and map the region’s rare and threatened species. Of these species, orchids remain the most symbolic, not only because of their beauty, but also because of the fragility of their habitats and the threats to their preservation. In this paper, the authors describe the new orchid sites discovered in the Sétif province. Twenty-six (26) orchid species and subspecies were observed, identified and geolocated. Of these, Orchis purpurea subsp. purpurea, Dactylorhiza maculata subsp. battandieri, Orchis mascula subsp. maghrebiana, Ophrys omegaifera subsp. hayekii and Ophrys marmorata subsp. marmorata were observed for the first time in the region. Dactylorhiza elata s. l. is relatively abundant, but only in wet areas that have suffered recent human deterioration, thus raising fears about its conservation.
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Tsulsiyah, Binti, Thoyibatul Farida, Cahya Lembayung Sutra und Endang Semiarti. „Important Role of Mycorrhiza for Seed Germination and Growth of Dendrobium Orchids“. Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology 6, Nr. 2 (24.06.2021): 60805. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/jtbb.60805.
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Indonesia is a tropical country that has natural forests and is suitable for orchid species habitat, leading to more than 5,000 species of orchids grow. The tropical area is the main distribution centre for epiphytic orchids, one of which is Dendrobium, which grows more than 1,000 species throughout the world. Orchid seeds are very small and do not have an endosperm, making germination difficult in their natural habitat. Mycorrhizal association with orchids plays a role in the survival of orchids in nature through seed germination and growth. This study aims to provide a deeper understanding about the important role of mycorrhiza in seed germination and growth of Dendrobium. The mechanism of mycorrhizal association with orchids begins with the initial contact of the fungus with the orchid, hyphae enter the cortex cells to form peloton, peloton lysis, and exchange of nutrients occurs. Orchid mycorrhiza that mostly found groups in Dendrobium are Rhizoctonia (Epulorhiza, Tulasnella, Rhizoctonia). Mycorrhiza plays a role in increased secretion of phytohormone and enzyme activity which supports seed germination and growth of orchids. Specific mycorrhizal data on orchids can be used as an effort for in-situ and ex-situ conservation of Indonesian orchids, including Dendrobium.
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Lalla, Milawati, und I. Made Sudiarta. „Pengembangan Tanaman Anggrek di Kawasan Wisata Hutan Pinus Motilango Kecamatan Tibawa Kabupaten Gorontalo“. Jumat Pertanian: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat 3, Nr. 2 (19.08.2022): 87–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.32764/abdimasper.v3i2.2372.
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Orchid is one type of ornamental flower plant that has many types spread throughout the world, including Indonesia. The original habitat of orchids is forests or areas that have high humidity, rich in organic matter. Reduction of forest area makes several types of orchids threatened with extinction so that efforts are needed for conservation and protection. Motilango pine forest tourism found several types of orchids, but the surrounding community did not know the prospect of orchid plants if they were developed properly. The purpose of the activity is to educate the local community and tourism managers to cultivate orchids to become a source of family income. The method used is discourse method and discussion. Participants consist of communities around the area, village officials and pine forest tourism managers. The material presented consisted of an introduction to the characteristics of orchids, prospects, methods of propagation and cultivation of orchids. The result of the activity is that there is an increase in participant knowledge about orchid plants. There are two types of orchids that are commonly found in the tourist area of Motilango pine, namely the dove orchid (Dendrobium crumenatum) and the ground orchid (Spathoglottis plicata) which are easily propagated by separating seedlings. Orchid growing media that is widely available in the area is coconut husk.
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Andayani, Sri, und Leni Kusneti. „Using the Support Vector Machine method with the HOG feature for classification of orchid types“. AITI 21, Nr. 1 (02.04.2024): 82–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.24246/aiti.v21i1.82-95.
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Orchids are the most species-rich flowering plants, with approximately 750 genera and 43,000 types of orchids in the world, of which about 5,000 species have been recorded in several provinces in Indonesia. Orchids have beautiful flowers with attractive colors, making them ornamental plants that many people like. From plant morphology, orchid plants can be differentiated based on the morphology of flowers, leaves, fruit, stems, and roots. The leaves of orchid plants have their characteristics for each type of orchid, such as long, round, or lanceolate. All orchids have veins that run parallel to their leaves. The individual shapes of orchid leaves can be classified using a Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Histogram of Gradient (HOG). In this research, five types of orchids that are popular among orchid lovers were used, namely Dendrobium, Cattleya, Oncidium, Phalaenopsis, and Vanda orchids, which were taken from public data. The accuracy of this method in classifying orchid species based on leaf morphology can be measured using a confusion matrix that measures precision, recall, and accuracy. From five tests, the Oncidium orchid had the highest average accuracy with a value of 98%, the Vanda orchid had the highest average precision of 99.80%, and the Cattleya orchid had the highest average recall of 100%.
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CALİSKAN, Omer, Ayşegül BEŞİR, Münir ANIL, Coşkun GÜLSER, Fehmi YAZICI und Dursun KURT. „Morphologic and chemical characterizations of some salep orchids“. EURASIAN JOURNAL OF SOIL SCIENCE (EJSS) 12, Nr. 4 (17.07.2023): 344–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.18393/ejss.1333347.
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Salep orchids have been used as a food for centuries without cultivating but, mainly harvesting from nature. After powdering, their tubers are utilized as hot beverage and in ice-cream industry as a stabilizer. Due to their importance in food industry, it is important to characterize the morphology and chemistry of salep orchids. In this study, it was aimed to determine some morphological (fresh weight, dry weight and dry matter ratio of tubers and the number of tubers required for 1 kg salep powder) and chemical (glucomannan, starch, protein, moisture, ash, nitrogen, phosphorus, calcium, magnesium, potassium, iron, copper, manganese and zinc contents and glucomannan/starch ratio of tubers) properties of 10 salep orchid species from 6 genus namely, Anacamptis pyramidalis, Dactylorhiza romana, Himantoglossum caprinum, Himantoglossum comperianum, Ophrys apifera, Ophrys mammosa, Orchis coriophora, Orchis morio, Orchis tridendata, Serapias vomeracea grown in nature of Black Sea Region of Türkiye. Such a kinds of data is the first and can be beneficial in utilizing the researched species in food industry.
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Alvian Ideastari, Nukat, Christy Atika Sari, Edi Faisal, Zaenal Arifin, Andi Danang Krismawan und Muslih Muslih. „An optimum hyperparameters of restnet-50 for orchid classification based on convolutional neural network“. Journal of Soft Computing Exploration 5, Nr. 1 (21.03.2024): 55–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.52465/joscex.v5i1.297.
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There are many types of orchids in Indonesia, such as Phalaenopsis Amabilis (Moon Orchid), Cattleya, etc. Because the shape and color of each orchid flower looks the same, a system is needed that can classify orchid flowers. In this research, we will use a system using a Convolutional Neural Network with ResNet50 architecture to classify orchid species. There are 4 types of orchids that will be used, namely Moon Orchids, xDoritaenopsis Orchids, Cattleya Orchids, and Coelogyne Pandurata Orchids (1000 datasets for each type). The aim of this research is to implement deep learning using the Convolutional Neural Network method combined with the ResNet50 architecture and identifying the types of orchid flowers and calculating accuracy when identifying orchid flower types. This research uses 4000 orchid image datasets, with a data split of 80:20 so that 800 images are used as training data and 200 as test data. ResNet50 uses a confusion matrix evaluation, namely Accuracy, Precision, Recall, Specificity and F1-score with epochs 10, 20, 30, 40. From the research that has been carried out, it produces the highest accuracy on Test Data with the 30th epoch, reaching 98.87%. and the lowest accuracy on Test Data with the 10th epochs which produces an accuracy of 97.75%.
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Danilova, A. N., Yu A. Kotuchov, A. A. Sumbembayev und O. A. Anufrieva. „Geographical distribution and ecological-phitocenotic features of orchids of the Southern Altai in the Kazakh Altai“. Проблемы ботаники южной сибири и монголии 19, Nr. 2 (09.10.2020): 281–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.14258/pbssm.2020119.
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According to the results of the study, 14 species of orchids were found in the flora of the southern Altai in2019, which is 52 % of the species diversity of the Orchid flora of Kazakhstan. It is established that the coenopopulationsof orchids in the region develop and exist within the boundaries of specific phytocenoses and are characterized by a certainecological and phytocenotic amplitude of the development of natural environment conditions. They are distributed in thelower, middle and upper mountain zones. The widest altitude range is typical for species from the genus Dactylorchiza(absolute altitude 462–1365 m). In terms of life forms, species with a stem-like tuberoid (genera Dactylorhiza, Herminium,Orchis) predominate, while short-rooted and long-rooted species (genera Cypripedium, Epipactis) are less represented. InKaton-Karagai district, 10 species of orchids were recorded growing in 19 cenopopulations, in Kurchum – 5 species in 6cenopopulations. Vegetation cover in habitats is formed from 35 to 90 %. Due to the weak competition of orchids, theirshare in the addition of phytocenoses does not exceed 2 %.
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Ray, Haleigh, und Wagner Vendrame. „Orchid Pollination Biology“. EDIS 2015, Nr. 6 (01.09.2015): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.32473/edis-ep521-2015.
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Orchids and their pollinators have developed fascinating co-adaptations that promote orchid pollination. This 6-page fact sheet details the various and often strange ways that orchids attract pollinators. The kinds of insects and animals that pollinate orchids and orchids’ reproductive anatomies and processes are also covered. Written by Haleigh Ray and Wagner Vendrame, and published by the UF Department of Environmental Horticulture, June 2015.
ENH1260/EP521: Orchid Pollination Biology (ufl.edu)
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NGUYEN, Hoang Chinh, Kuan-Hung LIN, Meng-Yuan HUANG, Chi-Ming YANG, Tin-Han SHIH, Tung-Chuan HSIUNG, Yen-Chang LIN und Fun-Chi TSAO. „Antioxidant Activities of the Methanol Extracts of Various Parts of Phalaenopsis Orchids with White, Yellow, and Purple Flowers“. Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca 46, Nr. 2 (12.02.2018): 457–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.15835/nbha46211038.
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Phalaenopsis (Phal.) orchids including white, yellow, and purple flowers are some of the most important commercial orchids worldwide. These flowering plants can be considered to be promising sources of antioxidants since several medicinal orchids were shown to have potential antioxidant activities. The antioxidant activities and several secondary metabolite compounds of the methanolic extracts of four parts (the root, pedicel, leaf, and flower) of three hybrids of white (Phal. ‘City More’), yellow (Phal. ‘Sogo Meili’), and purple (Phal. ‘Queen Beer’) flowering orchids were investigated. Results showed that the highest levels of chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b were respectively obtained in leaf extracts of white and purple orchids, whereas carotenoid showed the highest content in the flower extract of the yellow orchid. Among all tested extracts, flavonoids and anthocyanin demonstrated the highest levels in the flower extract of the purple orchid, whereas the highest level of polyphenols was observed in the flower extract of the yellow orchid. The leaf extract of the white orchid was the most effective extract with a 50% inhibitory concentration in the DPPH-scavenging activity assay, while the highest ferrous iron-chelating effect was observed in flower extracts of the yellow orchid and purple orchid, and the pedicel extract of the purple orchid. In the reducing power assay, the flower extract of the white orchid showed the most potent extract, followed by the leaf extract of the yellow orchid and the flower extract of the purple orchid. Relationships between flower colors and antioxidant activities of these orchids showed them to be potential sources of antioxidants for both medicinal use and stress-tolerance in these orchids.
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Nasrun, Muhammad Syaifuddin, Rosmaniar Gailea und Sitti Aminah. „Exploration and Characterization of Host Trees and Orchid Epiphyte Zones in Lore Lindu National Park, Central Sulawesi“. Jurnal Sylva Lestari 12, Nr. 2 (03.05.2024): 418–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.23960/jsl.v12i2.866.
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Host trees are vital for the survival of epiphytic orchids, providing necessary light and air circulation for optimal growth. Large trees with tall canopies contribute to the broader distribution of epiphytic orchids in forest areas. This research aimed to identify the characteristics of orchid host tree species in Lore Lindu National Park, considering both elevation zones and orchid growth zones. The research was conducted at various locations within the park, employing the field exploration survey method (cruise method). This method involved comprehensive exploration at each research site and establishing observation paths along pioneer lines, mainly where orchid host trees were found. The findings indicate the presence of 20 types of orchid host trees and 35 species of epiphytic orchids. The basal branching zone (Zone 3) was the most populated by epiphytic orchids on host trees, and the lowland forest was the elevation zone where most orchid host trees were found in Lore Lindu National Park, Central Sulawesi. Keywords: host trees, Lore Lindu National Park, orchids, zone distribution
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Aisyah, Iis, Rosidah Rosidah und Agus Surya Mulya. „Eksplorasi Dan Identifi kasi Anggrek Terestrial Di Kawasan Gunung Jambu Jalur Pendakian Arah Lembang Kecamatan Tanjungsari Kabupaten Sumedang“. Paspalum: Jurnal Ilmiah Pertanian 11, Nr. 1 (28.03.2023): 95. http://dx.doi.org/10.35138/paspalum.v11i1.465.
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Orchid is one of the ornamental plants that has a relatively high selling power and attractiveness, there are several types of orchids, including terrestrial orchids, this orchid is one of the orchids that grows and develops on the soil surface. its presence in the forest component and grows wildly, so if the forest component is disturbed it can threaten the sustainability of terrestrial orchids. Exploration and is one of the first steps in the existence of terrestrial orchids. This study aims to obtain data, study and obtain types of terrestrial orchids and vegetation in the Mount Jambu Area, Climbing Route to Lembang, Tanjungsari District, Sumedang Regency. This experiment was carried out from June to July 2021. The method used in this study was exploratory which was analyzed by descriptive method. The results of the study found 11 species, the orchid Nervilia punctata (BI.) Lindl., and Cymbidium lancifolium Hook. is an orchid that dominates in the Mount Jambu area of the hiking trail to Lembang and the vegetation in the area is a type of herbaceous plant that has narrow leaves and grows wild.
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Herdman, Adam R., Ernesto B. Mújica, Mark W. Danaher, Lawrence W. Zettler, Kurt Schulz und Elizabeth Esselman. „Initial Population Analysis and Mycorrhizal Fungi of the Leafless Epiphytic Orchid, Campylocentrum pachyrrhizum, in Florida“. Diversity 15, Nr. 4 (19.04.2023): 576. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d15040576.
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Campylocentrum pachyrrhizum Rchb.f. Rolfe, also known as the ribbon orchid, is native to southern Florida, the West Indies, and northern South America. In Florida, it is restricted to the Fakahatchee Strand and is currently state-listed as endangered, but virtually nothing is known about the orchid’s biology, ecology, and current status. The purpose of this study was to document ribbon orchid populations within the northern portion of the Fakahatchee Strand (Florida Panther NWR) and to identify some of the biotic and abiotic factors critical to its survival. During 2016–2022, a total of 118 ribbon orchids were recorded at five sites on 21 host trees comprising two species (Annona glabra, Fraxinus caroliniana). The majority (80%) were rooted on pop ash, and over half (54%) were rooted at the base of trees 100–150 cm above the high water mark. The number of orchids decreased from year to year, with the largest drop (2017–2018) coinciding with damage from Hurricane Irma. At the end of the 2022 survey, only 44 orchids remained. Mycorrhizal fungi isolated from two plants were identified as a Ceratobasidium species. We urge land managers to take immediate action to safeguard this species throughout southern Florida.
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Melinda. H, Felia, Harmida Harmida und Nita Aminasih. „Orchid (Orchidaceae) Inventory in Isau-Isau Wildlife Conservation Resort Area IX Lawang Agung Village, South Sumatra“. Jurnal Biodjati 7, Nr. 2 (30.11.2022): 331–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.15575/biodjati.v7i2.19271.
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Orchidaceae is one of the plant families which occupies 7-10% of the total flowering plants in the world. Of the 25,000 species of orchids in the world, 6,000 species are found in various forests in Indonesia, including Sumatra. South Sumatra save high diversity of orchid and one of them is in Isau-Isau Wildlife Conservation. This area has various types of plants, including orchids. Diversity orchids in the area have not gotten any attention, so the data regarding orchids in the Isau-Isau Wildlife Conservation, especially in Resort Conservation Area IX Lawang Agung Village, Mulak Ulu District, Lahat Regency, South Sumatra still limited and not well documented, so that need further research to know types of orchids in the area. The research found 22 species, consisting of 21 epiphyte orchids and 1 terrestrial orchid. Many orchids were found in the secondary forest of 16 species. An endemic orchid of South Sumatra was found in this research, it is Vanda foetida. Host plants found were 11 plants, 7 can identify and 4 not can be identified.
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Brundrett, Mark C. „Scientific approaches to Australian temperate terrestrial orchid conservation“. Australian Journal of Botany 55, Nr. 3 (2007): 293. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt06131.
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This review summarises scientific knowledge concerning the mycorrhizal associations, pollination, demographics, genetics and evolution of Australian terrestrial orchids relevant to conservation. The orchid family is highly diverse in Western Australia (WA), with over 400 recognised taxa of which 76 are Declared Rare or Priority Flora. Major threats to rare orchids in WA include habitat loss, salinity, feral animals and drought. These threats require science-based recovery actions resulting from collaborations between universities, government agencies and community groups. Fungal identification by DNA-based methods in combination with compatibility testing by germination assays has revealed a complex picture of orchid–fungus diversity and specificity. The majority of rare and common WA orchids studied have highly specific mycorrhizal associations with fungi in the Rhizoctonia alliance, but some associate with a wider diversity of fungi. These fungi may be a key factor influencing the distribution of orchids and their presence can be tested by orchid seed bait bioassays. These bioassays show that mycorrhizal fungi are concentrated in coarse organic matter that may be depleted in some habitats (e.g. by frequent fire). Mycorrhizal fungi also allow efficient propagation of terrestrial orchids for reintroduction into natural habitats and for bioassays to test habitat quality. Four categories of WA orchids are defined by the following pollination strategies: (i) nectar-producing flowers with diverse pollinators, (ii) non-rewarding flowers that mimic other plants, (iii) winter-flowering orchids that attract fungus-feeding insects and (iv) sexually deceptive orchids with relatively specific pollinators. An exceptionally high proportion of WA orchids have specific insect pollinators. Bioassays testing orchid-pollinator specificity can define habitats and separate closely related species. Other research has revealed the chemical basis for insect attraction to orchids and the ecological consequences of deceptive pollination. Genetic studies have revealed that the structure of orchid populations is influenced by pollination, seed dispersal, reproductive isolation and hybridisation. Long-term demographic studies determine the viability of orchid populations, estimate rates of transition between seedling, flowering, non-flowering and dormant states and reveal factors, such as grazing and competition, that result in declining populations. It is difficult to define potential new habitats for rare orchids because of their specific relationships with fungi and insects. An understanding of all three dimensions of orchid habitat requirements can be provided by bioassays with seed baits for fungi, flowers for insects and transplanted seedlings for orchid demography. The majority of both rare and common WA orchids have highly specific associations with pollinating insects and mycorrhizal fungi, suggesting that evolution has favoured increasing specificity in these relationships in the ancient landscapes of WA.
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Warouw, Gabrielle, Helen Joan Lawalata, Christny Ferdina Evie Rompas, Metilistina Sasinggala und Livana Dethris Rawung. „Identification of Orchid Plants Species in the East Tomohon Forest Area“. Advances in Tropical Biodiversity and Environmental Sciences 8, Nr. 1 (05.02.2024): 13–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/atbes.2024.v08.i01.p03.
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Orchids which belong to the Orchidaceae family, are popular ornamental plants that are loved by many people. It is estimated that there are around 5,000 species of orchids in Indonesia. Orchids live in various habitats including epiphytic, terrestrial, lithophytic, and saprophytic. Environmental factors such as temperature, air humidity, soil pH, and light intensity can affect the growth, development, and spread of orchids. Tomohon City is known as one of Indonesia's largest flower producers, one of that is orchids. In the East Tomohon forest area, various types of orchids were found, but the types of orchids that grow have not been identified. The purpose of this study was to identify the types of orchids that grow in the East Tomohon forest area based on their morphology. The identification of orchid plants is done by observing the morphological characteristics of the shape of leaves, roots, stems, colors, and flower shapes in detail so that their taxonomy can be known. The research was conducted on August 5-19, 2022 using the cruising method (exploratory survey) the acquisition of data was analyzed descriptively. The results of research on Orchid Plant Species in the East Tomohon Forest Area found 192 individuals consisting of 10 orchid species, 4 species are terrestrial orchids, they are Calanthe tripilcata (18), Nervilia aragoana (13), Phaius thankervilleae (21), Vanda sp. (25), and 6 species are epiphytic orchids, they are Coelogyne asperata (16), Coelogyne pandurata (17), Cattleya sp. (21), Dendrobium crumenatum, Oncidium ornithorhynchum (18), Phalaenopsis amabilis (27).
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Zhafirah, Haya, und Dila Nadya Andini. „TAMAN ANGGREK DI BANJARBARU“. JURNAL TUGAS AKHIR MAHASISWA LANTING 12, Nr. 2 (31.08.2023): 170–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.20527/jtamlanting.v12i2.2214.
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Orchids are one of the most popular plants among the public because most of the orchids grow in tropical countries like Indonesia. In Indonesia, there are around 5,000 species of orchids spread across several provinces and 38 percent of them are in Kalimantan. There are several types of natural orchids that are becoming rare due to the rampant exploitation of these flowers, so that several types of orchids are starting to become endangered. Therefore, the conservation of orchid plants has recently begun to be increased, the government of South Kalimantan is one of those who are intensively conserving orchids with the aim that existing orchid species do not become extinct. However, the challenge is how to get the whole community involved in this conservation, not just a group of related people. On the other hand, orchids have a special attraction in the eyes of the public, with their attractiveness, the Orchid Recreation Park has the potential to be used as a recreation area that provides open education to all people so that they can help preserve the orchids themselves. The concept of metaphorical architecture was also chosen as the design concept for this Recreation Park with the design principle that it is hoped that the design of this Recreation Park will attract more visitors.
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Ponisri, P., und Lona H. Nanlohy. „Keanekaragaman Jenis-Jenis Anggrek di Cagar Alam Kofiau Kabupaten Raja Ampat“. JURNAL GALUNG TROPIKA 10, Nr. 3 (30.12.2021): 410–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.31850/jgt.v10i3.851.
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This study aims to determine the abundance of orchid species, diversity, evenness and dominance of orchid species in the Kofiau Nature Reserve, Raja Ampat Regency. This forest area is a habitat for various endemic flora and fauna, including orchids. Orchid is one of the seed plants of the Orchidaceae family which is in great demand because of its attractive flower shape and color so that it can be used as raw material for the cut flower industry, potted plants or garden decorations. The procedure used in this study was field observation/exploration technique, the determination of the observation sample was carried out by considering the area objectively overgrown with orchids. charts, graphs and photos). Based on the results of exploration and identification of orchid species in the Kofiau Nature Reserve, there are 3 types of epiphytic orchids and 1 type of terrestrial/soil orchid, so the total number is 4 types of orchids, consisting of 1 genus of soil orchid (Spathoglotis) and 3 genera of epiphytic orchids, namely Dendrobium. 2 species and Grammathophyllum 1 species. With the highest number of individuals, Grammatophylum scriptum 128 (50.00%), then Spathoglotis plicata with the highest number of individuals, 107 (41.797%), this is the highest number of orchids found in mangrove forests, then Dendrobium allofolium with 15 individuals. (5.859%), and D. crumenatum with 6 individuals (2.344%) with a total of 256 orchid individuals found in mangrove forests. The orchid species diversity index value is 0.3771 and the dominance index is 0.4287 and the evenness index value is 0.0943. Where the index value of diversity and species dominance on orchids in the Nature Reserve forest is in the low category while the evenness index value is in the medium category.
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Dapala, Oktomarios, Suwadji Siman und Nugraha Satya Nanda. „Natural Orchid Diversity and Its Conservation Strategies in Wonosobo Aqua Biodiversity Park“. Advances in Tropical Biodiversity and Environmental Sciences 6, Nr. 2 (30.07.2022): 62. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/atbes.2022.v06.i02.p06.
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This study aims to determine the diversity of natural orchids and to design a strategy for preserving natural orchids in the KEHATI AQUA Park, Wonosobo. The data sought in this study were the type, number, diversity of orchids, and questionnaire respondent data. The results showed that there were three types of natural orchids in KEHATI AQUA Wonosobo Park, namely Dendrobium crumenatum, Eria retusa, and Liparis sp. Overall, the total number of orchids found was 487 individuals. The three types of orchids found were epiphytic orchids found on 6 types of host trees. Based on the questionnaire respondents' data which was carried out by a SWOT analysis, there were several strategies designed, namely optimizing the land for orchid conservation, utilizing existing facilities in cultivation ( green house ), increasing the types of orchids to be cultivated and caring for and maintaining existing vegetation for orchid host trees, making policies aimed at preserving orchids and establishing cooperation with the orchid conservation community. The conclusion of this study is that there are 3 types of natural orchids in KEHATI AQUA Wonosobo Park, namely Dendrobium crumenatum with an INP value of 1.04, Eria Retusa with an INP value of 0.87, and Liparis sp with an INP value of 0.09, a diversity index value of 0.72, an evenness index value of 0.66 and the species richness index value of 0.32 and the alternative strategy used in the conservation of natural orchids in the KEHATI AQUA Park Wonosobo is the SO strategy or a strategy that is made to take advantage of all strengths to seize and take advantage of opportunities as much as possible.
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Prawira, Djodi Surya, Eka Yuliawati und Erika Purba. „KEANEKARAGAMAN JENIS ANGGREK (ORCHIDACEAE) DI AREA HUTAN BUKIT KUKUS, BANGKA BARAT“. EKOTONIA: Jurnal Penelitian Biologi, Botani, Zoologi dan Mikrobiologi 4, Nr. 2 (31.12.2019): 57–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.33019/ekotonia.v4i2.1785.
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Orchid is a group of flowering plants of the Orchidaceae family with a total of 700-800 genera and 25,000-35,000 species. Identification of orchids is a step to determine orchid species by comparing the morphological characteristics of each orchid found. This research was conducted in Bukit Kukus, Air Belo Village, Muntok Subdistrict, West Bangka Regency for four days, from March 9 to March 12, 2018 using exploration methods, including: a preliminary survey, data collection and herbarium making. The results showed that the number of orchids that were found was the conclusion that could be drawn from this exploration is in Bukit Kukus, Air Belo Village, Muntok District, West Bangka Regency, found 15 types of orchids, consisting of 7 genera, namely Agrostophyllum, Arachnis, Bulbophyllum, Coelogyne, Dendrobium, Nephelaphyllum and Poystachya with the most genera Bulbophyllum found, up to 5 species. The most common orchids are found in Zone I, where 12 of the 15 species can be found, while the most common type of orchid is epiphytic orchids with rock substrates.
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Beczała, Tomasz, Damian Chmura und Tomasz Jonderko. „A new locality of orchid Orchis purpurea Huds. in Cieszyn Foothills (Czech Republic)“. Acta Musei Silesiae, Scientiae Naturales 65, Nr. 1 (01.03.2016): 63–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cszma-2016-0006.
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Abstract Orchis purpurea Huds. is protected species both in the Czech Republic and Poland. In 2014 a new locality was found in Kojkovice (district Třinec) in the Cieszyn Foothils near border with Poland. The only one blooming individual was observed in 2014 and 2015 but it was accompanied by other 6 orchid species, that were much more abundant, as: Orchis pallens, Orchis mascula subsp. signifera, Listera ovata, Platanthera bifolia, Cephalanthera damasonium, Neottia nidus-avis. The Kojkovice forest deserves to be protected area due to abundant occurrence of many orchids.
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Dewi, Ni Putu Yuni Astriani, Maria Yustiningsih und Maria Paulin Saridewi. „Orchid Exploration in the Forest of Saenam Village as Nuftah Plasma Conservation“. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA 8, Nr. 3 (31.07.2022): 1148–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v8i3.1409.
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This research was conducted with the aim of determining the types of orchid species in the Saenam Protected Forest, North Middle East Regency, East Nusa Tenggara Province. The Saenam Protected Forest has an area of ±10 km2, has biodiversity, including orchids. One of the information regarding the orchid inventory in Timor Mainland, especially in the Saenam Protection Forest, North Middle East Regency has never been reported. It is necessary to carry out this exploratory research as a basic data of the existing biological resources in the location. The research was carried out in July-September 2021. Sampling was carried out by purposive sampling with sampling using a plot method measuring 10 x 40 m. The distance of each plot is 10 m with the total number of plots in this study is 10 plots. The results showed that the types of orchids found in the Saenam Protection Forest were 9 genera of orchids. All orchids found in this study belong to the type of epiphytic orchid. The dominant orchids in this research area are Pholidota globusa, Dendrobium smilliae var. alba, and Dendrobium smilliae. The types of host trees found in the orchids were Pine and Forest Water Guava
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PUSPITANINGTYAS, DWI MURTI. „Orchid exploration in Mount Bintan Besar Protected Forest, Bintan Island, Riau Islands Province, Sumatra, Indonesia“. Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity 19, Nr. 3 (01.05.2018): 1081–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d190341.
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Puspitaningtyas DM. 2018. Orchid exploration in Mount Bintan Besar Protected Forest, Bintan Island, Riau IslandsProvince, Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 19: 1081-1088. Sumatra is one of the main islands in Indonesia. The biodiversity is higherthan Java, but still below compare to Borneo and New Guinea. About 1,118 species of orchids are found growing in Sumatra, which41% of these are endemic to Sumatra. The exploration activities were conducted at Gunung Bintan Besar Protected Forest, Bintanisland-Sumatra. Orchid exploration was conducted in this area to collect living plants for ex situ conservation purpose. Orchid inventoryto record orchid diversity in this area, based on plant collection by purposive random sampling. The results of the study recordedapproximately 23 orchid collection numbers found in that area. These were representative of 15 genera and consist of 14 species ofepiphyte orchids and 9 species of terrestrial orchids. Most orchids found in this area are lowland orchid which are very common inSumatra. Dendrobium metachilinum Rchb.f., Dendrobium leonis (Lindl.) Rchb.f. and Plocoglottis lowii Rchb.f. are unique orchidsspecies found on this island.
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Damgaard, Christian, Jesper Erenskjold Moeslund und Peter Wind. „Changes in the Abundance of Danish Orchids over the Past 30 Years“. Diversity 12, Nr. 6 (15.06.2020): 244. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d12060244.
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Orchid abundance data collected over the past 30 years (1987–2016) from 440 sites within the National Orchid Monitoring Program were analyzed to quantify the population trends of orchids in Denmark, and the underlying reasons for the observed population trends were analyzed and discussed. Of the 45 monitored Danish orchids, 20 showed a significant decrease in abundance over the past 30 years (16, if only orchids with at least 50 observations each were selected), thus corroborating the previous observations of declining orchid abundances at the European scale. Generally, there was a significant negative effect of overgrowing with tall-growing herbs and shrubs on the abundance of Danish orchids, mainly caused by change of farming practices, as extensive management, such as grazing or mowing of light-open grassland areas, has decreased.
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Sipayung, Dita Anggraini Safitri, Didik Santoso und Lalu Japa. „Diversity of Orchids in Tahura Nuraksa Central Lombok as Enrichment of Biodiversity Subject“. Jurnal Biologi Tropis 23, Nr. 1 (03.11.2023): 131–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.29303/jbt.v23i1.5771.
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This study was done to determine the diversity of orchid species, population structure (abundance, diversity, dominance and distribution patterns) of orchids found in the Tahura Nuraksa and to make a booklet as enrichment of biodiversity courses. The research was conducted at the Tahura Nuraksa Resort, Kalipalang, Central Lombok. The method used in this study was descriptive exploratory by determining the location of observation using purposive sampling method and sampling by using non-destructive and exploratory methods. The results showed that there were 544 individuals from 18 species of orchid . An abundance of orchids of 1% was in the low category, and the dominance of orchids is 0,15% which means that there was a dominant species of orchids, namely Spathoglottis plicata. The orchids diversity index was 2.25 (medium category) and the distribution pattern of orchids in the study sites was generally uniform. The booklet is declared worthy of being an enrichment for study of biodiversity.
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Aini, Nurul, Tatik Chikmawati, Sulistijorini Sulistijorini, Nina Ratna Djuita und Nunik Sri Ariyanti. „Diversity and Distribution Patterns of Epiphytic Orchid in the Nirmala Tea Plantation, Bogor West Java“. Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education 14, Nr. 1 (06.04.2022): 65–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/biosaintifika.v14i1.35076.
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Tea plantations can provide microclimate conditions for many epiphytic species, including orchids, but information on their diversity is not yet available. Epiphytic orchid diversity study has been carried out at the Nirmala Tea Plantation, Bogor, West Java. The main objective of this study was to reveal the diversity of epiphytic orchids in the Nirmala Tea Plantation. The data were obtained by vegetation analysis using the purposive sampling method by making 54 plots sized 5 x 5m2 at two different altitudes, 1050 and 1500 masl. The quantitative data were analyzed by calculating the critical value and morisita indices. The correlation between epiphytic orchid and microclimate variables was processed using Spearman bivariate correlation, performed using Canonical Correspondence Analysis. A total of 15 epiphytic orchids were found at an altitude of 1050 m asl and 10 species of epiphytic orchids at an altitude of 1500 m asl. Seven species, Agrostophyllum longifolium Rchb.f., Appendicula reflexa Blume, Bulbophyllum sp.2, Dendrochilum sp., Eria sp.1, Flickingeria sp, Pholidota carnea Lindl, were found at both altitudes. The diversity of epiphytic orchids is affected by altitude, light intensity, and wind speed. The distribution pattern of epiphytic orchids in Nirmala Tea Plantation is clumped. The results of this study report the diversity of orchids grown in tea plantations for the first time. This information is helpful for the cultivation and conservation of orchid diversity in the future.
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Ulia, Syifa, Zozy Aneloi Noli und M. Idris. „Micropropagation of Bulbophyllum Orchids“. International Journal of Progressive Sciences and Technologies 39, Nr. 2 (30.07.2023): 319. http://dx.doi.org/10.52155/ijpsat.v39.2.5492.
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Abstract— Bulbophyllum (Orchidaceae) is recognized as the largest genus of orchids in the world. Bulbophyllum is a popular orchid by its unique flowers and its benefits. Although Bulbophyllum is a large genus, research on in vitro propagation of orchids from this genus is still limited. This article aims to examine the micropropagation of several Bulbophyllum species to determine the affecting factor for the propagation of Bulbophyllum orchids. A systematic Literature Review (SLR) uses in this paper. The micropropagation of Bulbophyllum have studied in B.auricomum, B. fascinator, B. macrantum, B. phalaenopsis, B. lasianthum B. odoratissimum B. niphondii, B. dhaninivatii, B. lilacinum, B. echinolabium, B. putidum and B. plumatum. The use of appropriate media can increase the growth of orchids. The addition of growth regulators and/or organic compounds to a suitable basal medium can be a way to find a suitable medium for orchid growth. Acclimatization should be conducted on plantlets with healthy roots. The appropriate acclimatization media can increase the survival rate of orchid seedlings.
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Rondani, Renanda Pramitha, Teguh Soedarto und Dona Wahyuning Laily. „Pengaruh Bauran Pemasaran terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Anggrek di DD Orchid Nursery Kecamatan Junrejo Kabupaten Batu“. Jurnal Ilmiah Universitas Batanghari Jambi 23, Nr. 2 (26.07.2023): 1169. http://dx.doi.org/10.33087/jiubj.v23i2.3188.
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The purpose of this study was to identify the marketing mix of orchids at DD Orchid Nursery and to analyze the influence of the marketing mix on purchasing decisions for orchids at DD Orchid Nursery. The population of this study were all consumers who had bought orchids at least once at the DD Orchid Nursery, the number of samples taken in this study were 100 samples which were consumers who had bought orchids at the DD Orchid Nursery. The research data collection method was taken by collecting primary data obtained from documentation, literature studies, questionnaires and interviews. Secondary data obtained from various references, reports, literature both data and summaries obtained from related parties, previous research results, relevant evidence and related agencies used to support primary data and complete report writing. The results of this research are the marketing mix that has been carried out by DD Orchid Nursery including product, price, promotion, place, people, process, and physical evidence. The product is various types of orchid plants, the price of the plants varies according to the quality and size. The marketing mix that influences purchasing decisions is product, price, promotion, place, people, process, and physical evidence that together or simultaneously have a positive and significant influence on purchasing decisions for orchids at DD Orchid Nursery. There is one marketing mix variable that is not partially or individually significant, namely the physical evidence variable with a significance value of 0.465.
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Tsai, Wen-Chieh, und Hong-Hwa Chen. „The Orchid MADS-Box Genes Controlling Floral Morphogenesis“. Scientific World JOURNAL 6 (2006): 1933–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1100/tsw.2006.321.
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Orchids are known for both their floral diversity and ecological strategies. The versatility and specialization in orchid floral morphology, structure, and physiological properties have fascinated botanists for centuries. In floral studies, MADS-box genes contributing to the now famous ABCDE model of floral organ identity control have dominated conceptual thinking. The sophisticated orchid floral organization offers an opportunity to discover new variant genes and different levels of complexity to the ABCDE model. Recently, several remarkable research studies done on orchid MADS-box genes have revealed the important roles on orchid floral development. Knowledge about MADS-box genes' encoding ABCDE functions in orchids will give insights into the highly evolved floral morphogenetic networks of orchids.
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Pudji Restanto, Didik, Mohammad Nur Khozin, Irvinia Rahmadyah, Alfina Damayanti, Wildan Ibnu Batuto, Djoko Soejono und Dwi Erwin Kusbianto. „Managemen Produksi Dan Distribusi Tanaman Anggrek di DD Orchid Nursery“. Jurnal Pengabdian Pendidikan IPA Kontekstual 1, Nr. 1 (09.01.2024): 8–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.29303/jppik.v1i1.558.
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Orchid plants are one of the ornamental plants that are widely known to the public in Indonesia and abroad. This type of plant was originally an epirite plant attached to other plants, but it produces very beautiful flowers. since the last decade, plant business activities have played a significant role in the center of economic growth. Batu City is a center for orchid production and marketing in East Java which is a priority for orchid plant development because orchid cultivation has added value when compared to ornamental plant businesses in general. The service method carried out is in the form of orchid cultivation training which includes: Making orchid plant packaging, orchid marketing strategy, customer segmentation, and evaluation method. Marketing agency involved in the distribution of official orchid plants that serve consumers such as hobbyists, collectors, and retailers around the Batu area. The quality of orchids can be seen from the stem of the orchid plant, the height of the orchid plant and the type of orchid plant. The selling price that occurs is basically through bargaining. determining the price of orchids in Batu is close to a free market where every farmer is free to determine the price as long as it does not deviate from the company. The payment system can be done in cash or transfer. Marketing of orchids involves several marketing institutions, namely retailers and collectors. Management of production and distribution of export quality orchids can be achieved with the support and methods that must be carried out such as good packaging of orchids, sophisticated marketing strategies, targeted customer segmentation and collaboration between institutions
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Liu, Hong, und Robert Pemberton. „Pollination of an invasive orchid, Cyrtopodium polyphyllum (Orchidaceae), by an invasive oil-collecting bee, Centris nitida, in southern Florida“. Botany 88, Nr. 3 (März 2010): 290–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b10-017.
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The lack of appropriate pollinators is believed to be an impediment to naturalization of orchids. We studied the self-compatibility and pollination of an invasive, showy, rewardless, terrestrial orchid ( Cyrtopodium polyphyllum (Vell.) Pabst ex F. Barrios) in southern Florida. Pollination treatments indicated that the orchid is self-compatible but not autogamous. Visitor observations indicated that the orchid is pollinated by an invasive specialist oil-collecting bee ( Centris nitida Smith). The presence of the invasive Centris nitida has probably contributed to the naturalization of this probable oil reward mimicking orchid in Florida. We contrasted our results in the orchid’s invasive range with those reported in two studies in the orchid’s native range. In the invasive range in Florida, the orchid experiences a lower inbreeding depression. In both areas, the orchid is pollinated by Centris species and the pollination of the orchid is apparently enhanced by the presence of oil-rewarding species of the Malpighiaceae.
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Hartati, Sri, und Ongko Cahyono. „Pendampingan Agribisnis Anggrek Hibrida di Kecamatan Matesih Kabupaten Karanganyar“. PRIMA: Journal of Community Empowering and Services 5, Nr. 2 (31.12.2021): 110. http://dx.doi.org/10.20961/prima.v5i2.45267.
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<div data-canvas-width="511.892564516129"><em><strong>The Assistance of Hybrid Orchid Agribusiness in Matesih District Karanganyar Regency</strong></em>. Matesih District of Karanganyar Regency is known as the center of ornamental plants including orchids. However, most of the farmers grow orchids by raise the juvenile orchids into adult orchids which are then sold. Farmers have not been able to produce seedlings as well as to transfer plantlets from tissue culture bottles to media in pots. These community service programs aim to provide knowledge and increase the skills of partner farmers in acclimatizing hybrid orchids. Therefore they can transfer orchid seeds with a high success rate and earn higher profits from their orchid agribusiness. The program was carried out in Plosorejo Village, Matesih District, Karanganyar Regency from April to October 2020. Partner farmers consist of two farmer groups, namely the farmer group of RT 002 RW XIII and Tani Rejo IX. This program has succeeded in increasing the knowledge and skills of partner farmers in acclimatizing hybrid orchids. In terms of business, this program is profitable because based on the calculation with a capital of Rp869.000, 00 generates a profit of Rp1.311.000,00 per four months with a BC ratio of 1.5.</div>
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McCormick, Melissa, Robert Burnett und Dennis Whigham. „Protocorm-Supporting Fungi Are Retained in Roots of Mature Tipularia discolor Orchids as Mycorrhizal Fungal Diversity Increases“. Plants 10, Nr. 6 (20.06.2021): 1251. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants10061251.
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Mycorrhizal fungi are critical to understanding the distribution patterns of many plants, but they are especially important for orchids. Some orchids may change the mycorrhizal fungi they use through their lives, either in response to changes in abiotic or biotic conditions, or as a result of ontogenetic changes that alter the orchid’s need for fungal nutrition. The temperate terrestrial orchid Tipularia discolor germinates only on decomposing wood, but often persists well after the wood has completely decomposed and has been incorporated into the soil. We used PCR and Sanger sequencing to ask: (1) Do mature T. discolor retain protocorm fungi or are protocorm and adult mycorrhizal fungi mutually exclusive? (2) Are protocorm fungi limited to areas with decomposing wood? (3) Does the abundance of protocorm fungi in the substrate differ between decomposing wood and bare soil? We found that T. discolor retained protocorm fungi into maturity, regardless of whether they were growing in persistent decomposing wood or soil. Protocorm fungi were not restricted to decomposing wood but were more common and abundant in it. We conclude that the mycorrhizal fungi associated with T. discolor change during the ontogeny of individuals. These results highlight the importance of assessing protocorm fungi, in addition to mycorrhizal fungi associating with adult orchids, to understand the conditions needed for orchid germination, growth, and reproduction.
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Rai, Alisa, Udhab R. Khadka, Dil K. Limbu und Lokesh R. Shakya. „Orchid Distribution along the Elevation Gradient in Panchase Forest Conservation Area of Gandaki Province, Nepal“. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PLANT AND ENVIRONMENT 7, Nr. 03 (25.11.2021): 202–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.18811/ijpen.v7i03.3.
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The vegetation composition and elevation play a key role in the distribution of plants. Among the flowering plants, orchids are widely distributed beautiful flowers having ornamental and medicinal values. The Panchase Forest Conservation Area is one of the hot spots for the orchids, a threatened group of the flowering plants. The preceding studies on orchids seem usually focused on documentation of the orchid species and their medicinal values showing no works on orchid species distribution along the elevation gradient and aspects. Therefore, this research was concentrated on assessing orchid distribution along the elevation in the forest of the Middle-mountain. The study was conducted in former Chapakot and Bhadaure-Tamagi Village Development Committees that lie in Pokhara Metropolitan City-23 and Annapurna Rural Municipality-4, Kaski District. Chapakot represents south-west (SW) aspect and Bhadaure-Tamagi represents north-west (NW) aspect. For this study, the belt-transect method with 20 m x 20 m quadrat size at an interval of 100 m elevation was used for assessing the orchid richness along elevation and aspects. Altogether, 61 orchid species, with Eria, Dendrobium, Cymbidium and Bulbophyllum as the most common genera, were found. Among the orchid species, Dendrobium gibsonii was not reported in earlier studies from Panchase area. The orchid richness varied along the elevation and aspect. The SW aspect showed fluctuation in orchid richness, whereas the NW aspect showed humped shaped pattern. Further detailed studies on factors causing distribution of orchids and their relationship with host species need to be conducted for the conservation of orchids in the Panchase Forest Conservation Area.
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HARTINI, SRI. „Orchids Diversity in the Sicikeh-Cikeh Forest, North Sumatra, Indonesia“. Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity 20, Nr. 4 (23.03.2019): 1087–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d200421.
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Abstract. Hartini S. 2019. Orchids Diversity in the Sicikeh-Cikeh Forest, North Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 1087-1096. Sicikeh-cikeh forest includes three forest areas, namely Adian Tinjoan Customary Forest, Adian Tinjoan Protection Forest, and Taman Wisata Alam Sicikeh-cikeh. Typical vegetation of this area is mountain forest with large diversity of plant species. Among the species, orchid is one of the potential plants found diversely in this location and has not yet been recorded. The exploration activities were conducted at Sicikeh-cikeh forest. Orchid exploration was conducted to collect living plants for ex situ conservation purpose. Orchid inventory, to record orchid diversity in this area, was based on plant collection by purposive random sampling. The results of the study recorded approximately 102 different species from 30 genera of orchids in this area. Typical epiphytic and terrestrial highland orchids were found and very common in Sumatra. Among the species found are endemic Sumatra, such as Coelogyne brachygyne, Coelogyne salmonicolor, Dendrobium kruiense, Epigeneium pulchellum, Thrixspermum gombakense, Corybas stenotribonos and Paphiopedilum tonsum. Interesting terrestrial orchids include Kuhlhasseltia javanica, Neuwiedia zollingeri var. javanica, Paphiopedilum tonsum, Phaius callosus, Corybas stenotribonos, Calanthe aurantiaca, Calanthe chrysoglossoides, and Calanthe pulchra. While interesting epiphytic orchids include Bulbophyllum absconditum, Bulbophyllum coloriferum, Coelogyne brachygyne, Epigenium pulchellum, Eria bractescens, Eria pachystachya, Pholidota gibbosa, and Thrixspermum amplexicaule.
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Tiwari, Pragya, Abhishek Sharma, Subir Kumar Bose und Kyeung-Il Park. „Advances in Orchid Biology: Biotechnological Achievements, Translational Success, and Commercial Outcomes“. Horticulturae 10, Nr. 2 (06.02.2024): 152. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae10020152.
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Orchids constitute the largest and most diverse group of flowering plants and are classified in the family Orchidaceae. Exhibiting significance as the most exotic and ubiquitous flowering plant, the cultivation of orchids on a commercial level is gaining momentum worldwide. In addition to its ornamental and aesthetic value, the orchid industry has successfully generated employment for people in developing countries. Recent advances in biotechnological interventions in orchids have substantially contributed to the development of exotic varieties with novel traits, not to forget the inputs of traditional plant breeding methods and tissue culture approaches. In addition, the scientific developments in orchid biology have remarkably bridged the knowledge gaps in areas of orchid classification, phytochemistry, and cultivation strategies. This has facilitated the commercialization of novel varieties, opening new avenues in the orchid industry, and their global marketing as cut flowers and artificially propagated plants. Orchids constitute the first floriculture crops that revolutionized the orchid industry; however, they also hold several challenges in the natural propagation and conservation of several species that are on the verge of extinction. International organizations like CITES have come forward to address challenges associated with illegal global trade and indiscriminate use of orchid varieties, aiming for conservation and legal commercial goals. This thematic review is one-of-a-kind in providing comprehensive insights into the emerging momentum of orchid biology and how its globalization projects to considerably impact the orchid industry in the coming times. However, it is imperative to understand the challenges in the cultivation and conservation of orchid varieties and ensure legislative guidelines both on domestic and global levels to ensure a multipronged approach to the conservation and commercialization of orchids.
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Calevo, Jacopo, Samuele Voyron, Enrico Ercole und Mariangela Girlanda. „Is the Distribution of Two Rare Orchis Sister Species Limited by Their Main Mycobiont?“ Diversity 12, Nr. 7 (30.06.2020): 262. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d12070262.
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As orchids rely on their mycorrhizal fungi for nutrient supply, their spatial range is dependent on the distribution of orchid mycorrhizal (OM) fungi. We addressed possible correlations between mycorrhizal specificity and the geographic distribution of orchids and OM fungi in three populations of the rare sister species Orchis patens and O. canariensis. Metabarcoding of the fungal ITS2 region indicated that, although adult plants of either species were colonized by several ceratobasidioid, tulasnelloid, sebacinoid and serendipitoid fungi, the mycobiont spectra were dominated by Tulasnella helicospora (which occurred in 100% of examined plants with high read numbers), which is a globally distributed fungus. In vitro assays with a T. helicospora isolate obtained from O. patens indicated the effectiveness of this OM fungus at germinating seeds of its native host. At a local scale, higher read numbers for T. helicospora were found in soil samples collected underneath O. patens roots than at locations unoccupied by the orchid. Although these findings suggest that the geographical pattern of the main fungal symbiont does not limit the distribution of O. patens and O. canariensis at this scale, the actual causal link between orchid and OM fungal occurrence/abundance still needs to be better understood.
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Welan, Miracle Abbighael Varencia, Verawati Ida Yani Roring und Helen Joan Lawalata. „INVENTARISATION OF ORCHID TYPES (Orchidaceae) IN WEST TOMOHON AREA“. Indonesian Biodiversity Journal 4, Nr. 2 (31.08.2023): 30–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.53682/ibj.v4i2.6585.
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This study aims to inventory orchid species in the West Tomohon area using the accidental sampling method of exploration in a predetermined place. Orchids are a type of flowering plant that comes from the Orchidaceae family. Each type of orchid has its own characteristics. Tomohon City has abundant natural resources, including ornamental plants such as orchids. Data on orchid diversity in West Tomohon Sub-district has never been reported. Orchid inventory is an activity that records the diversity of orchid species in an area. This research is descriptive-qualitative research. The results of this study have yielded 10 species of orchids belonging to nine genera in one family. The orchid species found in the West Tomohon area consist of Arachnis sp., Arundina graminifolia, Cattleya sp., Dendrobium biggibum, Dendrobium moschatum, Epidendrum secundum, Oncidium flexuosum, Phaius tankervilleae, Phalaenopsis amabilis, and Vanda arcuata. The most common orchid found in this area is the moon orchid, Phalaenopsis amabilis.
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Gunawan, Ridwan. „JENIS-JENIS ANGGREK (Orchidaceae) DI TAMAN WISATA ALAM GUNUNG TAMPOMAS“. Wanamukti: Jurnal Penelitian Kehutanan 22, Nr. 1 (10.11.2021): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.35138/wanamukti.v22i1.326.
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The existence of orchid species in Gunung Tampomas Natural Tourism Park is still not widely known. The existence of orchids many endangered by both natural decay and excessive exploitation of orchids. Communities in Gunung Tampomas Natural Tourism Park had very little information about the beauty and benefits in particular, because of the lack of information regarding the species of orchids in the Gunung Tampomas Natural Tourism Park. The object of research is inventaritation of orchid species to conservation of orchid species in Gunung Tampomas Natural Tourism Park. The method of the research used by Exploration with determination cruise lines based LMU (Land Mapping Units). The result of orchid species are 11 species of epiphytes which has been identified as many as 10 species; one species is identified only to genus and 2 species of terrestrial orchid.
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Kolanowska, Marta, und Małgorzata Ruszkiewicz-Michalska. „The long-term survival and climatic distribution of mixotrophic and mycoheterotrophic orchids“. Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae 92, Nr. 1 (28.12.2023): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.5586/asbp/175378.
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Orchid germination depends on their fungal partner; however, there are no broadscale analyses evaluating the actual overlap between orchids and their mycorrhizal symbionts. The aim of this research was to evaluate the importance of mycorrhizal fungi for the occurrence of two species of orchids using ecological niche modeling (ENM). Two sets of future orchid distribution models were created – the first one was based on bioclimatic data only, and the second one included information about the distribution of fungal symbionts. The jackknife test indicated that for both mixotrophic and mycoheterotrophic orchids, the presence of symbiotic fungi is crucial for their occurrence, and ENM analyses revealed that both orchids face habitat loss as a result of predicted changes in climate. In the case of the mixotrophic orchid, the presence of symbiotic fungi can compensate for unfavorable climatic conditions. Problems and limitations in modeling the distributions of species are discussed in terms of the symbiotic relationship.
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Freestone, Marc W., Nigel D. Swarts, Noushka Reiter, Sean Tomlinson, Frances C. Sussmilch, Magali M. Wright, Gareth D. Holmes, Ryan D. Phillips und Celeste C. Linde. „Continental-scale distribution and diversity of Ceratobasidium orchid mycorrhizal fungi in Australia“. Annals of Botany 128, Nr. 3 (02.06.2021): 329–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcab067.
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Abstract Background and Aims Mycorrhizal fungi are a critical component of the ecological niche of most plants and can potentially constrain their geographical range. Unlike other types of mycorrhizal fungi, the distributions of orchid mycorrhizal fungi (OMF) at large spatial scales are not well understood. Here, we investigate the distribution and diversity of Ceratobasidium OMF in orchids and soils across the Australian continent. Methods We sampled 217 Ceratobasidium isolates from 111 orchid species across southern Australia and combined these with 311 Ceratobasidium sequences from GenBank. To estimate the taxonomic diversity of Ceratobasidium associating with orchids, phylogenetic analysis of the ITS sequence locus was undertaken. Sequence data from the continent-wide Australian Microbiome Initiative were used to determine the geographical range of operational taxonomic units (OTUs) detected in orchids, with the distribution and climatic correlates of the two most frequently detected OTUs modelled using MaxEnt. Key Results We identified 23 Ceratobasidium OTUs associating with Australian orchids, primarily from the orchid genera Pterostylis, Prasophyllum, Rhizanthella and Sarcochilus. OTUs isolated from orchids were closely related to, but distinct from, known pathogenic fungi. Data from soils and orchids revealed that ten of these OTUs occur on both east and west sides of the continent, while 13 OTUs were recorded at three locations or fewer. MaxEnt models suggested that the distributions of two widespread OTUs are correlated with temperature and soil moisture of the wettest quarter and far exceeded the distributions of their host orchid species. Conclusions Ceratobasidium OMF with cross-continental distributions are common in Australian soils and frequently have geographical ranges that exceed that of their host orchid species, suggesting these fungi are not limiting the distributions of their host orchids at large spatial scales. Most OTUs were distributed within southern Australia, although several OTUs had distributions extending into central and northern parts of the continent, illustrating their tolerance of an extraordinarily wide range of environmental conditions.
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Stephen, Magdalina, Almunah Abd Mutalib, Meekiong Kalu, Farah Alia Nordin, Haniza Razali, Haziah Musa und Akmal Raffi. „Current State Of Knowledge On The Orchids Of Sarawak's Peat Swamps“. Sarawak Museum Journal LXXXV, Nr. 106 (12.12.2022): 145–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.61507/smj22-2022-9qrh-07.
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Sarawak’s peat swamp orchids are considered to be understudied, as most of the related research are favoured to the orchid species from mixed dipterocarp forests. Furthermore, distruptions of their natural habitat caused by various anthropogenic activities have made the orchid assessment studies, especially on the inventory and diversity, to be difficult. Consequently, it widens the knowledge gaps of the orchids’ natural history, current conservation status and their future in the peat swamp areas. Therefore, this inventory was conducted to compile and propose a provisional checklist of orchids distributed in the peat swamps of Sarawak. In total, 52 species from 26 genera of orchids were successfully compiled from the peat swamp areas located at lowlands and coastal plains of Betong, Bintulu, Kota Samarahan, Kuching, Limbang, Miri, Mukah, Sarikei, Sibu and Sri Aman districts. From the account, 10 species are endemic to Borneo. Current conservation status of the recorded species was assessed, and the significant roles of peat swamp areas as orchids natural habitat were further discussed. This compilation provides a glimpse on the current state of knowledge on the peat swamp orchids of Sarawak, thus serves as evidence to preserve the areas in their pristine conditions.