Dissertationen zum Thema „Optimisation déterministe (génétique algorithme)“
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Ghribi, Dhafer. „Optimisation des corrections de forme dans les engrenages droits et hélicoïdaux : Approches déterministes et probabilistes“. Phd thesis, INSA de Lyon, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00873973.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleGhilardi, Jean-Pierre. „Optimisation de la représentation de graphes par approche hybride déterministe et stochastique“. Aix-Marseille 3, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002AIX30032.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn bibliometrie scope, we frequently have to compute database which constitute a quantitive information corpus, difficult to interpret by direct reading. That's the reason why some tools with complex mathematic treatments have been created, this is how structured data bank can be processing to obtain relevant information available for decision makers. The Centre de Recherche Rétrospective de Marseille is specialized in information processing for a long time. Automatic tools based on geometrical representation of relationship between entities have been developed. During this research, an innovant data processing implemented to automatically produce an organized representation of graph easily understandable have been defined. The treatment chain is based on two different approach, a determinist approach issuing from graph theory and a stochastic approach composed of simulated annealing algorithm and genetic algorithm, which allow to make easier graph reading
Girard, Frédéric. „Optimisation de stratifiés en utilisant un algorithme génétique“. Thesis, Université Laval, 2006. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2006/23613/23613.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMtibaa, Mohamed. „Οptimisatiοn de cοuplage Ρrοcédé/Ρrοpriétés/Fiabilité des Structures en Μatériaux Cοmpοsites Fοnctiοnnels“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Normandie, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024NORMLH03.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis research focuses on the challenges and interactions between the manufacturing processes (Resin Transfer Molding ‘RTM’ and Compression Resin Transfer Molding ‘CRTM’), the mechanical properties, and the reliability of composite material structures; more specifically the functional composites. A number of numerical models have been developed for simulating the suspension (resin + particles) impregnation through the fibrous medium (fibers) in the RTM and CRTM processes. These models are validated by comparing their results with experimental, semi-analytical, and analytical ones from the literature. A parametric study is carried out to demonstrate the impact of various process parameters on particles’ distribution in the final composite. Moreover, a comparison between the injection and compression modes is done. The results of this part show that the distribution of particles in the final part depends on the initial concentration, the distance travelled, and the initial fibers’ volume fraction. However, it is independent of the parameters values of injection and compression. It is also observed that the CRTM process with imposed pressure injection and imposed force compression represents the most favorable scenario for producing composite parts.For the purpose of controlling the final particles’ distribution in the composite material, manufactured by the RTM process, two key steps have been identified. The first step consists in a sensitivity analysis that examines three parameters: the temporal evolution of the initial injected particles’ concentration, the injection pressure field and the initial fibers’ porosity. The conclusions indicate a minimal impact of the initial porosity and the injection pressure field; while the evolution of the initial concentration of the injected particles has a dominant effect. In a second step, an optimization algorithm is implemented in the numerical model of the RTM process. It is used to determine the optimal configuration of the initial injected particles’ concentration’s evolution; in order to approximate the particles’ distribution in the final composite to the desired profiles. The obtained results from the genetic algorithm provide a very satisfactory control of this distribution. To complete this section, a model, estimating the mechanical properties of the manufactured part, is developed. It is found that there is a positive correlation between the particles’ fraction and certain mechanical properties, namely the elastic modulus E11 and E22, and the shear modulus G12 and G23. Nevertheless, the Poisson’s ratio (Nu12) is inversely proportional to the particles’ fraction. Also, the shear module G12 is the most significantly influenced by this fraction.Following this, the control of the mechanical properties of the composite parts, manufactured by the CRTM process, is targeted, and compared to the results of the RTM process. The conclusions reveal that the RTM process offers a better control of these properties. Whereas, the CRTM process improves considerably the mechanical properties of the parts due to its compression phase, which increases the fibers’ volume fraction and consequently enhances these properties.Finally, a static analysis is conducted based on the developed numerical model that uses the finite element method (Ansys APDL). This model is combined with those of the CRTM process and the mechanical properties calculation. An optimization algorithm is integrated in our global model to adapt the mechanical properties of the composite part according to the configuration (cantilever or simply supported) and the load distribution. Moreover, it minimizes the composite part’s weight and ensures the respect of the predetermined mechanical constraints such as the maximum deformation limit. The obtained results correspond perfectly to these objectives
Giraud, Moreau Laurence. „Optimisation des systèmes mécaniques : couplage de méthodes déterministes et évolutionnaires par les problèmes en variables mixtes“. Troyes, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999TROY0006.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSchmitt, Wolfgang. „Optimisation technico-économique du dimensionnement d'un système photovoltaïque hybride“. Paris 11, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA112009.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis thesis deals with the optimal sizing of photovoltaic/diesel hybrid systems. An optimisation tool taking into account technical and economical considerations is developed. First, the principal characteristics of a hybrid system and its components, the interaction between the components as well as different system configurations and several control strategies are presented and analysed. Then, the detailed technical modelling of the system components and of the overall system operation is discussed and analysed. Actually, the modelling of the system is the basis of the optimisation tool and permits to do time-series simulations of the hybrid system operation under the given environmental conditions and for the chosen period of time. There are principally two goals: firstly to ensure that the given system sizing respects the operational constraints and fulfils user requirements and secondly, to supply detailed information about the system operation, in order to calculate the operating costs. The detailed modelling of all costs associated with the components and the system operation is presented as well as the discounting of future costs, which is imperative for long time analysis. The majority of the underlying models are non-linear; lots of them are discontinuous and non-differentiable. The search space is discretised and large. An appropriate method to solve this kind of optimisation problem, which is based on genetic algorithms, is used. Finally, optimisation results are presented on the basis of a well-defined case study
Dedieu, Samuel. „Algorithme génétique multicritère : conception et remodelage d'ateliers de chimie fine“. Toulouse, INPT, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001INPT016G.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleVincenti, Angela. „Conception et optimisation des composites stratifiés par méthode polaire et algorithme génétique“. Dijon, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002DIJOS040.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSergeeva, Marina. „Sectorisation automatisée de l'espace aérien par algorithme génétique“. Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOU30121.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleWith the continuous air traffic growth and limits of resources, there is a need for reducing the congestion of the airspace systems. Nowadays, several projects are launched, aimed at modernizing the global air transportation system and air traffic management. In recent years, special interest has been paid to the solution of the airspace sectorization problem. This thesis is devoted to studying the airspace sectorization in Europe and the possibilities to improve it.The airspace sectorization needs to be optimized with the support of automation in order to increase an adaptability of airspace sector configurations to the new traffic demands. The aim of the first part of this thesis is to propose a global method for the sector design of the European airspace based on a mathematical modeling and heuristic optimization methods. The proposed resolution method to solve the sector design problem is based on the initial division of the airspace into Voronoi cells using k-means clustering algorithm. Then, due to the induced combinatorial complexity, a stochastic optimization method is applied to solve the sector design problem. Resolution method based on metaheuristic algorithm called Genetic Algorithm (GA) has been developed to build airspace sectors in several control areas of Europe, involving traffic data for several days. Furthermore, airspace sector configurations need to be dynamically adjusted to provide maximum efficiency and flexibility in response to changing weather/traffic conditions. The objective of the second part of this thesis is to automatically adapt the airspace configurations according to the evolution of traffic. In order to reach this objective, the airspace is considered to be divided into predefined 3D airspace blocks which have to be grouped or ungrouped depending on the traffic situation. The resolution method based on the graph partitioning technique and on the metaheuristic algorithm (GA) has been developed to generate a sequence of sector configurations, composed of the predefined airspace blocks. The overall methodology, is implemented and tested with air traffic data taken for one day of operation and for several different airspace control areas of Europe
Faye, Papa Aldemba. „Couplage algorithme génétique-code éléments finis pour le dimensionnement de structures en matériaux composites“. Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004CLF22497.
Der volle Inhalt der QuellePerez, Escobedo José Luis. „Optimisation du développement de nouveaux produits dans l'industrie pharmaceutique par algorithme génétique multicritère“. Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010INPT0038/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleNew Product Development (NPD) constitutes a challenging problem in the pharmaceutical industry, due to the characteristics of the development pipeline, namely, the presence of uncertainty, the high level of the involved capital costs, the interdependency between projects, the limited availability of resources, the overwhelming number of decisions due to the length of the time horizon (about 10 years) and the combinatorial nature of a portfolio. Formally, the NPD problem can be stated as follows: select a set of R and D projects from a pool of candidate projects in order to satisfy several criteria (economic profitability, time to market) while copying with the uncertain nature of the projects. More precisely, the recurrent key issues are to determine the projects to develop once target molecules have been identified, their order and the level of resources to assign. In this context, the proposed approach combines discrete event stochastic simulation (Monte Carlo approach) with multiobjective genetic algorithms (NSGA II type, Non-Sorted Genetic Algorithm II) to optimize the highly combinatorial portfolio management problem. An object-oriented model previously developed for batch plant scheduling and design is then extended to embed the case of new product management, which is particularly adequate for reuse of both structure and logic. Two case studies illustrate and validate the approach. From this simulation study, three performance evaluation criteria must be considered for decision making: the Net Present Value (NPV) of a sequence, its associated risk defined as the number of positive occurrences of NPV among the samples and the time to market. Theyv have been used in the multiobjective optimization formulation of the problem. In that context, Genetic Algorithms (GAs) are particularly attractive for treating this kind of problem, due to their ability to directly lead to the so-called Pareto front and to account for the combinatorial aspect. NSGA II has been adapted to the treated case for taking into account both the number of products in a sequence and the drug release order. From an analysis performed for a representative case study on the different pairs of criteria both for the bi- and tricriteria optimization, the optimization strategy turns out to be efficient and particularly elitist to detect the sequences which can be considered by the decision makers. Only a few sequences are detected. Among theses sequences, large portfolios cause resource queues and delays time to launch and are eliminated by the bicriteria optimization strategy. Small portfolio reduces queuing and time to launch appear as good candidates. The optimization strategy is interesting to detect the sequence candidates. Time is an important criterion to consider simultaneously with NPV and risk criteria. The order in which drugs are released in the pipeline is of great importance as with scheduling problems
Briche, Julien. „Adaptation d'un algorithme génétique pour la reconstruction de réseaux de régulation génétique : COGARE“. Phd thesis, Université du Sud Toulon Var, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00479671.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSta, Marouen. „Comparaison tractographie IRM - tissu cérébral et optimisation de la reconstruction tractographique par algorithme génétique“. Thesis, Tours, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOUR3305/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleTractography validation and optimization of tracking parameters against a ground truth are mandatory before a large clinical use. First, we present a method to quantitatively compare tractography reconstructions to a ground truth derived from laser scanner acquisitions of dissected specimens. This comparison allows evaluation of multiple models and tractography approaches (deterministic, probabilistic…). The ground truth used for this comparison was acquired from dissected specimens using a surface laser scanner, which produces triangulated surface meshes. Data transformation to a common format was necessary before quantitative comparisons. Two comparison methods were proposed, surface-to-surface and volume-to-volume. Second, we propose a method for automatic optimization of deterministic tractography parameters using a genetic algorithm (GA). The GA is an iterative optimization algorithm based on natural selection, which is able to optimize complex problems having several parameters. For a given ground truth fasciculus, the GA was expected to find the set of tractography parameters producing the best tractography result according to the ground truth. The comparison and optimization methods were applied to a synthetic bundle derived from a phantom and to two dissected white matter tracts of a human post mortem brain
Nikoukar, Shahram. „Optimisation par algorithme génétique d’un réseau d’éléments piézo-électriques et contrôle actif des plaques“. Paris 10, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA100053.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis work concerns the optimization of piezoelectric sensors and actuators networks using genetic algorithms in active vibration control of plate structures. The role of actuators is damping of vibrations as quickly as possible, we try to minimize the energy of control by positioning the actuators. The sensors by observing as well as possible the movement of structure, their positions are chosen to maximize the output energy. To quantity the quality of the sensors and actuators network, we use two new optimization criteria developed in the LEME laboratory which do not favour one particular eigenmode. These criteria are used to optimize the positions of piezoelectric elements network taking into account both their positions and orientations at the same time in presence or absence of residual modes. From the associated criterion to the sensors, we introduce a second criterion for determining whether each mode is correctly observed by the used sensors network. Therefore, we use two associated criteria to optimize both the number and positions of piezoelectric sensors. The nature of mentioned optimization problems (continuous variables and / or discrete, multiplied global and local optimum, multi-objective optimization, non continuously differentiable optimization functions) droved us to develop a simple genetic algorithm adapted to our optimization variables and using only the basic functions of selection, crossover and mutation. The optimization of control parameters law is also performed by using a genetic algorithm. An example of optimal active control application is proposed on a simplified electronic board
Driant, Thomas. „Réduction de la traînée aérodynamique et refroidissement d'un tricycle hybride par optimisation paramétrique“. Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/6990.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleGhali, Khemaies. „Méthodologie de conception système à base de plateformes reconfigurables et programmables“. Phd thesis, Paris 11, 2005. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00001661.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleWildi-Tremblay, Philippe. „Optimisation d'un matériau poreux stratifié pour un refroidissement maximal en convection forcée à l'aide d'un algorithme génétique“. Thesis, Université Laval, 2006. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2006/23874/23874.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAvila, Sergio Luciano. „Optimisation multiobjectif et analyse de sensibilité appliquées à la conception de dispositifs“. Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 2006. http://bibli.ec-lyon.fr/exl-doc/slavila.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis thesis, besides presenting a brief review about optimization concepts and methods, also describes the implementation of a multi-objective genetic algorithm (AGMO) associated to sensitivity analysis for optimization of devices. The aim is to provide engineers not only several possible solutions, but also the possibility of a deeper understanding of the analyzed problem. The present work brings two main contributions : an optimization algorithm that deal with parameters space and objective space with the same importance, making easy the search process for optimal solutions ; the development and integration of sensitivity studies, whose goal is to veriry how stable the obtained solutions are as well as to test the 'model' adopted by the engineer as representation of his/problem. Many projects involving electromagnetisme were considered to evaluate the proposed procedure, in particular the optimization of satellite shaped reflector antennas
Abid, Mohamed Amine. „Étude des algorithmes de recuit simulé, de recherche tabou et génétique implémentés dans un système de construction d'horaires de cours universitaires“. Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2008. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/1478.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBillaud, Yann. „Modélisation hybride stochastique-déterministe des incendies de forêts“. Thesis, Aix-Marseille 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AIX10100/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMost of the area burned by forest fires is attributable to the few fires that escape initial attack to become large. As a consequence large-scale fires produce a large amount of green-house gases and particles which contribute to the global warming. Heterogeneous conditions of weather, fuel, and topography are generally encountered during the propagation of large fires. This shapes irregular contours and fractal post-fire patterns, as revealed by satellite maps. Among existing wildfire spread models, stochastic models seem to be good candidates for studying the erratic behavior of large fires, due to the above-mentioned heterogeneous conditions. The model we developed is a variant of the so-called small-world network model. Flame radiation and fuel piloted ignition are taken into account in a deterministic way at the macroscopic scale. The radiative interaction domain of a burning cell is determined from Monte Carlo simulation using the solid flame model. Some cases are studied, ranging from relatively simple to more complex geometries like an irregular flame fronts or an ethanol pool fire. Then, a numerical model is developed to investigate the piloted ignition of litters composed of maritime pine needles. A genetic algorithm is used to locate a set of model parameters that provide optimal agreement between the model predictions and the experimental data in terms of ignition time and mass loss. The model results had shown the importance of char surface oxidation for heat fluxes close to the critical flux for ignition. Finally, the small-world network model was used to simulate fire patterns in heterogeneous landscapes. Model validation was achieved to an acceptable degree in terms of contours, burned area and fractal properties, through comparison of results with data from a small controlled bushfire experiment and a historical Mediterranean fire. Therefore, it has been proven to be a powerful tool in the sizing of fortifications as fuel break areas at the wildland urban interface or in the understanding of atypical behavior in particular configurations (talweg, slope breaking, etc.). It has also been used for the optimization of an in-situ sensor network whose purpose is to detect precociously and to locate precisely small fires, preventing them from spreading and burning out of control. Our objective was to determine the minimum number and placement of sensors deployed in the forest
Deau, Raphaël. „Optimisation des séquences de pistes et des mouvements au sol sur les grands aéroports“. Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010INPT0060/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn the last few years, many studies concerning air traffic delays have focused on ground traffic management at busy airports. However, the link between the aircraft taxiing stage and runway scheduling optimisation is still rarely considered. Performing optimal aircraft sequences on runways should allow us to enhance the taxiing stage, while applying calculated take-off slots and reducing globally the aircraft mean delay. In this thesis, an algorithm is first defined to compute optimal aircraft schedules on runways. It is then integrated into the ground traffic management process, modeled as a conflict resolution problem between aircraft. A deterministic method (using a branch and bound algorithm) and a stochastic method (using a genetic algorithm) are both used to try and solve this problem. Each of these methods can work with and without the consideration of optimal runway scheduling. The simulations carried out show that the anticipation of the optimal runway schedules can yield a significant delay reduction for airport ground traffic. The stochastic method provides the best solutions, especially for arriving aircraft, while the deterministic method remains a considerable option because of its very fast running time
Ramos, Bermudez Mario Bernardo. „Optimisation des systèmes de distribution de fluides et des réseaux de chauffage urbains à l'aide d'un algorithme génétique“. Thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/24395/24395.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBernardoni, Paul. „Outils et méthodes de conception de structures mécaniques à déformations réparties et actionnement discret : applications en micro-robotique“. Paris 6, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA066373.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleChaari, Tarek. „Un algorithme génétique pour l'ordonnancement robuste : application au problème d'ordonnancement du flow shop hybride“. Phd thesis, Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambresis, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00551511.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleKreis, Adrien. „Optimisation multiobjectifs de systèmes dynamiques : application à la suspension de groupes motopropulseurs de véhicules automobiles en phase d'avant-projet“. Valenciennes, 2001. https://ged.uphf.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/8591a683-68e4-4103-8942-6ee1042e7cc9.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBaulac, Marine. „Optimisation des protections anti-bruit routières de forme complexe“. Phd thesis, Université du Maine, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00415879.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleActuellement, le choix des protections anti-bruit se porte souvent sur des solutions triviales ou issues d'études paramétriques. Or le CSTB possède des codes de calculs numériques avancés dédiés à la simulation de la propagation acoustique en milieu extérieur. Le but de cette thèse est de coupler ces codes prévisionnels avec un outil mathématique à développer permettant une recherche systématique des solutions optimales.
Une étude bibliographique a permis de dégager des algorithmes applicables au cas de l'optimisation de paramètres caractérisant un écran acoustique. Ils ont été appliqués avec succès aux écrans multi-diffracteurs. Des méthodes d'optimisation multiobjectif ont en outre permis d'optimiser simultanément le prix de revient de la protection et son efficacité acoustique. Dans une optique de développement durable, un travail a été réalisé sur l'efficacité de protections acoustiques de faible hauteur en milieu urbain dans le but de créer des espaces calmes. Des mesures sur modèles réduits ont été confrontées aux simulations acoustiques et l'optimisation de la forme de ces protections a permis de dégager des solutions optimales. Enfin, les méthodes d'optimisation ont été appliquées au cas de l'optimisation de trajectoires.
Les principaux objectifs de la thèse ont été atteints, notamment par la création d'un outil utilisant des algorithmes d'optimisation (Nelder Mead et Algorithmes Génétiques) ainsi que les codes de calculs de simulation acoustique en milieu extérieur.
Tamine, Lynda. „OPTIMISATION DE REQUETES DANS UN SYSTEME DE RECHERCHE D'INFORMATIONAPPROCHE BASEE SUR L'EXPLOITATION DE TECHNIQUES AVANCEES DE L'ALGORITHMIQUE GENETIQUE“. Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2000. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00377418.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleNotre étude se focalise en premier lieu, sur l'analyse des différents modèles et stratégies de représentation et de recherche d'information. Nous mettons notamment en évidence, leur contribution à la résolution des problèmes inhérents à la recherche d'information.
En second lieu, notre intérêt s'est porté sur l'étude des algorithmes génétiques. Nous basant alors sur leur robustesse, théoriquement et expérimentalement prouvée, nous intégrons ces algorithmes à la mise en oeuvre de notre approche d'optimisation de requête.
Nous présentons une approche de recherche d'information qui intègre une stratégie de reformulation de requête par injection de pertinence, fondée sur l'hybridation d'un processus d'optimisation génétique, à un modèle de recherche de base. Nous proposons un algorithme spécifique à la recherche d'information, par l'intégration d'opérateurs génétiques augmentés par la connaissance du domaine d'une part, et d'une heuristique permettant de résoudre le problème de multimodalité de la pertinence d'autre part. L'heuristique de nichage en l'occurrence, est diffusée globalement lors de l'évolution de l'AG. La population est alors organisée en niches de requêtes effectuant une recherche parallèle et coopérative d'informations.
Nous évaluons enfin notre approche de recherche d'information, au travers d'expérimentations réalisées à l'aide du système Mercure, sur la collection de référence TREC.
Jacquenot, Guillaume. „Méthode générique pour l'optimisation d'agencement géométrique et fonctionnel“. Phd thesis, Ecole centrale de nantes - ECN, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00468463.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBeraud, Benoît. „Méthodologie d’optimisation du contrôle/commande des usines de traitement des eaux résiduaires urbaines basée sur la modélisation et les algorithmes génétiques multi-objectifs“. Montpellier 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009MON20049.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe work presented in this thesis concerns the development of an optimization methodology for control laws of wastewater treatment plants. This work is based on the use of WWTP process models in order to simulate their operation. These simulations are used by a multi-objective genetic algorithm, NSGA-II. This optimization algorithm allows the search of optimal solutions when multiple objectives are considered (e. G. The effluent quality, energy consumption, etc. ). It also enables the visualisation of compromises arising between various control laws as well as their respective best domains of application. In a first part of this work, the optimization methodology in developed around four main axes: the conception of a robust simulation procedure, the choice of input datasets for the simulations, the choice of objectives and constraints to consider and the evaluation of long term performances and robustness of control laws. This methodology is then applied on the literature case study of BSM1. In a second part of the work, the methodology is applied on the real case study of Cambrai wastewater treatment plant. This application includes the development of new aspects like the generation of dynamic input datasets out of daily monitoring measurements of the wastewater treatment plant, as well as the simulation of control laws based on oxydo-reduction potential measurements. This application allowed to analyze the compromises between the control law currently tested on the wastewater treatment plant and a new control law foreseen. The benefits of this modification could hence be clearly observed
Sambou, Vincent. „Transferts thermiques instationnaires : vers une optimisation de parois de bâtiments“. Toulouse 3, 2008. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/252/.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe objective of this work is to optimize a multilayered wall or an element of alveolar wall in relation to insulation and thermal inertia. We showed that the thermal capacity deducted of the quadruple representation of a wall is a parameter characterizing thermal inertia of the wall. The optimization of a multilayered wall gives the optimal disposition of the wall layers and determines the optimal thickness of the massive layer. The daily entropy production of a multilayered wall confirms the best disposition of the layers. Heat transfer in an element of alveolar wall represented by a partitioned cavity has been theoretically and experimentally studied. Our results show the preponderance of the radiation heat transfer on the convection one. An optimal number of partitions giving a maximal resistance is found. The influence of pertinent parameters on heat transfer and thermal resistance is emphasized. Influence study of the exciting temperature period on the convection and radiation heat transfer shows the existence of a resonance frequency in the alveolus nearest to the variable boundary. A simplified 1D model of heat transfer in a partitioned cavity that has been validated both numerically and experimentally allows to apply quadruple method to partitioned cavity. Thus, a partitioned cavity can be optimized as regards insulation and thermal inertia
Carpentier, Alban. „Optimisation multi-niveaux de panneaux composites“. Toulouse 3, 2008. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/234/.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe topic of these PhD is to size aeronautical composite panels by optimisation. They are made of stacking of carbon pre-preg plies. The goal is to find the minimal weight for the panel that satisfies strength constraints (damage tolerance, reparability and buckling) but also stacking sequence constraints. To sum-up, the goal is to find all stacking sequences of all different panel areas. This research has allowed to propose a multi-level methodology (4 steps). The first step is the panel thickness law optimisation by using an homogenised material and a gradient-based algorithm. The second step is the research of stacking sequence all over the panel with a fitted genetic algorithm. To perform that, a lay-up table that describes all stacking sequences is used. Then, the third and fourth step allow to adjust thickness law by taking into account the lay-up table issued from step 2. This methodology is applied to an industrial test case (A400M VTP). This application of the methodology allows to underline the performance of the methodology in terms of weight. But, it shows also the modularity of the methodology that is a benefit in industrial context
Vasconcelos, Joao. „Optimisation de forme des structures électromagnétiques“. Phd thesis, Ecole Centrale de Lyon, 1994. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00139127.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleJannot, Xavier. „Modélisation et optimisation d'un ensemble convertisseur-machine. Application aux systèmes d'entrainement à haute vitesse“. Phd thesis, Supélec, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00565693.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleZaghdoud, Radhia. „Hybridation d’algorithme génétique pour les problèmes des véhicules intelligents autonomes : applications aux infrastructures portuaires de moyenne taille“. Thesis, Ecole centrale de Lille, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ECLI0023/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe objective of our work is to develop a container assignment system for intelligent autonomous vehicles (AIVS) in a container terminal. Given the complexity of this problem, it was proposed to decompose it into three problems: The problem of dispatching containers to AIVS, the AIVS routing problem and the problem of scheduling containers to queues of AIVS. To achieve this goal, we developed in the first phase, a static system for multi-objective problem to optimize the total duration of the containers transportation, the waiting time of vehicles at loading points and the equilibrium of working time between vehicles. The approach used was the genetic algorithm (GA). This approach was applied to optimize only the assignment operation without influence on the choice of the path traveled by each AIV. An extension of this work was then made to improve the results found. For this purpose, a comparative study was carried out between three approaches: The first approach is the AG, the second approach is the GA and the Dijkstra algorithm (DIJK) that was used to find the shortest path for each vehicle and the third approach is the AG and DIJK and heuristic (HEUR) which was proposed to choose the nearest vehicle of each container. The numerical study showed the best performance of the AG & DJK & HEUR approach over the other two approaches. In the second phase of our project, the robustness of our system in a dynamic environment has been studied. A delay of the arrival of a ship at the port or malfunction of one of any equipment of the port can cause a delay of one of the operations of loading or unloading process. This will affect the container assignment operation. The idea was to add new containers to vehicles that are already unavailable. The traffic can also cause a delay in arrival of the vehicle at the position of the container or the unavailability of one of the paths crossing point. These cases were investigated experimentally, numerical results showed the robustness of our approach to dynamic case
Touré, Sellé. „Optimisation des réseaux : réseau actif et flexible“. Thesis, Grenoble, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014GRENT095/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe Electric Power System is undergoing a lot of evolutions in recent years, including the energymarket deregulation and the increasing integration of Dispersed Generators (DG). Therefore, withinthe framework of Smart Grid concept, the New Information and Communication Technologies (NICT)provide new perspectives to manage and operate distribution networks.In this context, new tools, called Advanced Distribution Automation functions (ADA, are beingstudied). The main objective of these tools is to use all the distribution network components in acoordinated manner to make them more active and flexible, in addition to increasing their operationalefficiency. In our case, we studied the functions associated with the reconfiguration problem, thevoltage control problem and the hybridization of these two, while taking into account the presence ofthe DG. Based on the inherent components of network physical models, several models have beenproposed. Some are derived from the graph theory and others use powerful mathematicalreformulation to make our models convex. The adopted models answer to the necessity of taking intoaccount all regulation means, which can be discrete (On Load Tap-Changer and capacitor banks),binary (components connectivity such as lines or transformers) and continuous (DG reactive power ),and by the choice of tools and algorithms of mixed optimization. Indeed, the complexity of theseproblems is such that we have explored both algorithms: meta-heuristic (ACA, Ant Colony Algorithm)and deterministic (Generalized Benders Decomposition, Branch and Cut Algorithm)
Delahaye, Daniel. „Optimisation de la sectorisation de l'espace aérien par algorithmes génétiques“. Toulouse, ENSAE, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995ESAE0009.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleHadjee, Gino Eric. „Gain environnemental lié à une gestion coordonnée de la charge sur les réseaux de distribution d'énergie électrique“. Paris 11, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA112044.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe electricity demand has increased with the new developments in the world. This has put the pressure on the power utilities to meet the increasing demand of costumers. On electric power distribution, one simple way for meet this demand is to reinforce the power system capacity. However, this solution need not only expensive investments for electricity distributors but also increases the cost per for the costumers. An innovative way is to operate on costumer level. Then, it is interesting to study the management strategies for smoothing electricity demand curve without compromising the consumers comfort. Generally, the load control located at the level of the house or a group of houses. On this level, it consists in analyzing how a coordinated load management, being based on the typology of the principal electrical appliances, would allow reducing the load peak on distribution network level. On the distributor level, it consists in studying the influence of the tariff profile and proposing an optimization method in order to modify the consumer's behaviour to shift part of the peak load during off peak periods
Larabi, Mohand. „Le problème de job-shop avec transport : modélisation et optimisation“. Phd thesis, Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand II, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00625528.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleZidani, Hafid. „Représentation de solution en optimisation continue, multi-objectif et applications“. Phd thesis, INSA de Rouen, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00939980.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleHernandez-Rodriguez, Guillermo. „Optimisation multiobjectif de réseaux de transport de gaz naturel“. Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011INPT0067/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe optimization of a natural gas transportation network (NGTN) is typically a multiobjective optimization problem, involving for instance energy consumption minimization at the compressor stations and gas delivery maximization. However, very few works concerning multiobjective optimization of gas pipelines networks are reported in the literature. Thereby, this work aims at providing a general framework of formulation and resolution of multiobjective optimization problems related to NGTN. In the first part of the study, the NGTN model is described. Then, various multiobjective optimization techniques belonging to two main classes, scalarization and evolutionary, commonly used for engineering purposes, are presented. From a comparative study performed on two mathematical examples and on five process engineering problems (including a NGTN), a variant of the multiobjective genetic algorithm NSGA-II outmatches the classical scalararization methods, Weighted-sum and ε-Constraint. So NSGA-II has been selected for performing the triobjective optimization of a NGTN. First, the monobjective problem related to the minimization of the fuel consumption in the compression stations is solved. Then a biojective problem, where the fuel consumption has to be minimized, and the gas mass flow delivery at end-points of the network maximized, is presented. The non dominated solutions are displayed in the form of a Pareto front. Finally, the study of the impact of hydrogen injection in the NGTN is carried out by introducing a third criterion, i.e., the percentage of injected hydrogen to be maximized. In the two multiobjective cases, generic Multiple Choice Decision Making tools are implemented to identify the best solution among the ones displayed of the Pareto fronts
Euzière, Jérôme. „Multifunction array for radar applications“. Thesis, Rennes 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015REN1S017/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis thesis is devoted to the design and implementation of a multifunctional antenna array. Based on the concept of Time Modulated Array (TMA), array modulated in time with switches this study shows the possibility of a multifunction array. Two functions were studied, a radar function (main function) and a communication function (secondary function). One of the innovations of this principle is the bidirectional (each function is performed in a different direction) and the simultaneous appearance of the functions performed. The conventional technique of TMA also has drawbacks to be used in radar applications. Indeed, variations of directivity, beamwidth and a sensitivity to interference make the TMA no compatible with radar applications. Indeed, a directivity variation causes variations in the power transmission therefore the reflected signals also suffer from these variations, which can thus create errors detections. Variations in the beamwidth creates a change in the angular resolution of the radar in time thereby interfering with the discrimination ability of the radar. In addition, the interference rejection is also needed to avoid being blinded by a jammer or clutter during our detection. To overcome these drawbacks a specific method called Adapted Radar TMA has been developed. Through an optimization method (genetic algorithm) with defined constraints using as main variable the excitation law of the antennas, several compromises were proposed in order to make matched and maximize the performance of each part (radar and communication). Thus methods 3 excitation law of the antennas (weighting coefficients) were thought. Through these methods, the directivity and the beamwidth have been controlled. The interference rejection is now possible in a given direction. In addition, the multifunction array is also capable of providing a communication part added to the existing part radar. Optimization operates with ARTMA instant behavior. Thus, using the variation of the sidelobes due to changes in weighting coefficients over the time, several modulations may be addressed, namely ASK or QAM. A prototype of this multifunction network with 16 antennas was designed. Measurement results have provided good results and have validated the concept of communication using an amplitude and phase modulation by varying the side lobes in time through the switches before of the antennas
Smekens, François. „Planification inverse de la dose en hadronthérapie : prise en compte de la qualité du rayonnement pour une optimisation de la dose biologique“. Phd thesis, INSA de Lyon, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00716665.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAudoux, Yohann. „Développement d’une nouvelle méthode de réduction de modèle basée sur les hypersurfaces NURBS (Non-Uniform Rational B-Splines)“. Thesis, Paris, ENSAM, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019ENAM0016/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDespite undeniable progress achieved in computer sciences over the last decades, some problems remain intractable either by their numerical complexity (optimisation problems, …) or because they are subject to specific constraints such as real-time processing (virtual and augmented reality, …). In this context, metamodeling techniques can minimise the computational effort to realize complex multi-field and/or multi-scale simulations. The metamodeling process consists of setting up a metamodel that needs less resources to be evaluated than the complex one that is extracted from by guaranteeing, meanwhile, a minimal accuracy. Current methods generally require either the user’s expertise or arbitrary choices. Moreover, they are often tailored for a specific application, but they can be hardly transposed to other fields. Thus, even if it is not the best, our approach aims at obtaining a metamodel that remains a good one for whatever problem at hand. The developed strategy relies on NURBS hypersurfaces and stands out from existing ones by avoiding the use of empiric criteria to set its parameters. To do so, a metaheuristic (a genetic algorithm) able to deal with optimisation problems defined over a variable number of optimisation variables sets automatically all the hypersurface parameters so that the complexity is not transferred to the user
Jannot, Xavier. „Modélisation et optimisation d’un ensemble convertisseur-machine. Application aux systèmes d’entrainement à haute vitesse“. Thesis, Supélec, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010SUPL0004/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe work presented in this thesis aims at the modelling and optimisation of a set Converter-Machine that is intended to run at high speeds. The first part is a state of the art of the conception methodologies related to the optimal design of drives and investigates the particularities of high speed operations. Then, an analytic and multiphysic modelling of the elements of the system is performed. But, in order to carry out a global optimal conception, the significant interactions between the various elements of the system must be modelled. This is achieved through a precise electrical model – that is the core of the characterization of the interactions – involving an original harmonic approach. From this follows a modelling of the interdependences between inverter and machine in the system losses and in the torque quality. The models are then associated with a genetic algorithm according to a hybrid methodology of conception involving analytical and finite-element models. Finally, this procedure is applied to the design of two drives of which the motor is a PMSM with circumferentially magnetised magnets. These two cases have been successfully handled and clearly show the assets of a “System” approach for the design of drives. In addition, the morphologies of the optimal machines are analysed according to their rotation speed. This analysis highlights some interesting abilities of this kind of machines – in high speed – regarding the magnetic and mechanical behaviours, and the rotor losses
Tlili, Brahim. „Identification et commande des systèmes non linéaires : Utilisation des modèles de type NARMA“. Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Tunis, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00589735.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBen, Soltana Wael. „Optimisation de stratégies de fusion pour la reconnaissance de visages 3D“. Phd thesis, Ecole Centrale de Lyon, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01070638.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleZeng, Qiang. „Optimisation de l'utilisation des explosifs en génie civil“. Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale des Ponts et Chaussées, 1995. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00529371.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleKazamias-Moucan, Sophie. „Optimisation d'une source d'harmoniques d'ordres élevés pour l'optique non-linéaire dans l'extrême UV“. Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00008285.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBeraud, Benoit. „Méthodologie d'optimisation du contrôle/commande des usines de traitement des eaux résiduaires urbaines basée sur la modélisation et les algorithmes génétiques multi-objectifs“. Phd thesis, Université Montpellier II - Sciences et Techniques du Languedoc, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00457236.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleChamaret, Blaise. „Outils de planification pour les réseaux cellulaires“. Saint-Etienne, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999STET4002.
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