Bücher zum Thema „One World Foundation“
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1
Mik, Günter. One World Foundation: A social sculpture. Ahungalla, Sri Lanka]: One World Foundation, 2015.
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2
United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Foreign Relations. Building on success: New directions in global health : hearing before the Committee on Foreign Relations, United States Senate, One Hundred Eleventh Congress, second session, March 10, 2010. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 2010.
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Swanson, Steve. One couple's gift, or, What to do with the family fortune after you have earned it: Featuring Harold and Louise Nielson, the Foldcraft Corporation, an ESOP, the Winds of Peace Foundation, and the Third World Friends Store, both NPOs. Herausgegeben von Sheppard Steve, Swanson Judy, Sateren Shelley Swanson und Nine Ten Press (Northfield, Minn.). Northfield, MN: Nine Ten Press, 2009.
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United, States Congress Senate Committee on Energy and Natural Resources Subcommittee on Public Lands National Parks and Forests. Revere Beach; memorial to World War II veterans; Hudson River Artists Park; Brown v. Board of Education Site; memorial to Japanese American war veterans; and Little River Canyon Preserve: Hearing before the Subcommittee on Public Lands, National Parks, and Forests of the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources, United States Senate, One Hundred Second Congress, second session, on S. 957, H.R. 2109, S. 2244, S. 2549, S. 2890, S.J. Res. 161, H.J. Res. 271, H.R. 3665, August 6, 1992. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1992.
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Andreas, Bsteh, Troll Christian W. 1937- und International Christian-Islamic Conference (2nd : 1997 : Vienna, Austria), Hrsg. One world for all: Foundations of a socio-political and cultural pluralism from Christian and Muslim perspectives. New Delhi: Vikas Pub. House, 1999.
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Polozhenceva, Irina, Elena Aralova und Tat'yana Kaschenko. Philosophical foundations of spirituality. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1111368.
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Philosophical foundations of spirituality is a collective monograph that attempts to reveal the problem of spirituality from a philosophical and ideological point of view in close connection with the concepts of "spirit", "soul", "meaning of life", "values", and reflects the spiritual quest of humanity at different stages of society development. Focusing on secular ethical teachings, the authors understand spirituality as the fulfillment of universal moral norms, the constant improvement of a person's self. It is addressed to students, postgraduates, teachers of pedagogical, social, psychological areas, as well as to all those who want to get a systematic idea of the evolution of spirituality and the state of values in the modern world.
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Blakemore, Richard, und James Davey, Hrsg. The Maritime World of Early Modern Britain. NL Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/9789463721301.
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Britain's emergence as one of Europe's major maritime powers has all too frequently been subsumed by nationalistic narratives that focus on operations and technology. This volume, by contrast, offers a daring new take on Britain's maritime past. It brings together scholars from a range of disciplines to explore the manifold ways in which the sea shaped British history, demonstrating the number of approaches that now have a stake in defining the discipline of maritime history. The chapters analyse the economic, social, and cultural contexts in which English maritime endeavour existed, as well as discussing representations of the sea. The contributors show how people from across the British Isles increasingly engaged with the maritime world, whether through their own lived experiences or through material culture. The volume also includes essays that investigate encounters between English voyagers and indigenous peoples in Africa, and the intellectual foundations of imperial ambition.
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Berkel, Klaas, und Guus Termeer. The University of Groningen in the World. NL Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/9789085551249.
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The University of Groningen has been an international university since its foundation in 1614. The first professors formed a rich international community, and many students came from outside the Netherlands, especially from areas now belonging to Germany. Internationalization, a popular slogan nowadays, is therefore nothing new, but its meaning has changed over time. How did the University of Groningen grow from a provincial institution established for religious reasons into a top-100 university with 36,000 students, of whom 25% come from abroad and almost half of the academic staff is of foreign descent? What is the identity of this four-century-old university that is still strongly anchored in the northern part of the Netherlands but that also has a mind that is open to the world? The history of the university, as told by Klaas van Berkel and Guus Termeer, ends with a short paragraph on the impact of the corona crisis.
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Nagib, Lúcia. Realist Cinema as World Cinema. NL Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/9789462987517.
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This book presents the bold and original proposal to replace the general appellation of ‘world cinema’ with the more substantive concept of ‘realist cinema’. Veering away from the usual focus on modes of reception and spectatorship, it locates instead cinematic realism in the way films are made. The volume is structured across three innovative categories of realist modes of production: ‘noncinema’, or a cinema that aspires to be life itself; ‘intermedial passages’, or films that incorporate other artforms as a channel to historical and political reality; and ‘total cinema’, or films moved by a totalising impulse, be it towards the total artwork, total history or universalising landscapes. Though mostly devoted to recent productions, each part starts with the analysis of foundational classics, which have paved the way for future realist endeavours, proving that realism is timeless and inherent in cinema from its origin.
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Wetering, Ernst. Rembrandt. The Painter Thinking. Herausgegeben von Wardy Poelstra. NL Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/9789089645616.
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Even during the artist's lifetime, contemporary art lovers considered Rembrandt van Rijn (1606-1669) to be an exceptional artist. In this revelatory sequel to the acclaimed Rembrandt: The Painter at Work, renowned Rembrandt authority Ernst van de Wetering investigates the painter's considerations that determined the striking changes in his development from an early age onwards. This gorgeously illustrated book explores how Rembrandt achieved mastery by systematic exploration of the 'foundations of the art of painting'. According to written sources from the seventeenth century, which were largely misinterpreted until now, these 'foundations' were considered essential at that time. From his first endeavours in painting, Rembrandt embarked on a journey past these foundations, thus becoming the 'pittore famoso', whom Count Cosimo the Medici visited at the end of his life. Rembrandt never stopped searching for solutions to the pictorial problems that confronted him; this led over time to radical changes that cannot simply be attributed to stylistic evolution or natural development. In a quest as rigorous and novel as the artist's, Van de Wetering reveals how Rembrandt became the revolutionary painter that would continue to fascinate the art world. This ground breaking exploration reconstructs Rembrandt's theories and methods, shedding new light both on the artist's exceptional accomplishments and on the theory and practice of painting in the Dutch Golden Age.
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Hamel, Mike. One World One Standard: The ROW Foundation. EMT Communications, 2018.
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Weiner, Susan. Before the Foundation of the World. Brandylane Publishers, Incorporated, 2020.
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Weiner, Susan. Before the Foundation of the World. Brandylane Publishers, Incorporated, 2020.
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14
Jungel, Eberhard. God As the Mystery of the World: On the Foundation of the Theoligy of the Crucified One in the Dispute Between. T. & T. Clark Publishers, Ltd., 1999.
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Deutsch Aktuell One: Teacher's Edition Workbook. EMC/Paradigm Publishing, 1998.
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God As the Mystery of the World: On the Foundation of the Theology of the Crucified One in the Dispute Between Theisim and Atheism. Wipf & Stock Publishers, 2009.
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17
Jüngel, Eberhard. God As the Mystery of the World: On the Foundation of the Theology of the Crucified One in the Dispute Between Theism and Atheism. Bloomsbury Publishing Plc, 2014.
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Levin, Frank S. Surfing the Quantum World. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198808275.001.0001.
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Surfing the Quantum World bridges the gap between in-depth textbooks and typical popular science books on quantum ideas and phenomena. Among its significant features is the description of a host of mind-bending phenomena, such as a quantum object being in two places at once or a certain minus sign being the most consequential in the universe. Much of its first part is historical, starting with the ancient Greeks and their concepts of light, and ending with the creation of quantum mechanics. The second part begins by applying quantum mechanics and its probability nature to a pedagogical system, the one-dimensional box, an analog of which is a musical-instrument string. This is followed by a gentle introduction to the fundamental principles of quantum theory, whose core concepts and symbolic representations are the foundation for most of the subsequent chapters. For instance, it is shown how quantum theory explains the properties of the hydrogen atom and, via quantum spin and Pauli’s Exclusion Principle, how it accounts for the structure of the periodic table. White dwarf and neutron stars are seen to be gigantic quantum objects, while the maximum height of mountains is shown to have a quantum basis. Among the many other topics considered are a variety of interference phenomena, those that display the wave properties of particles like electrons and photons, and even of large molecules. The book concludes with a wide-ranging discussion of interpretational and philosophic issues, introduced in Chapters 14 by entanglement and 15 by Schrödinger’s cat.
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Barger, Lilian Calles. New Foundations. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190695392.003.0006.
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This chapter surveys the historical relationship between social scientific thought and theology, and the fact/value distinction that plagued both disciplines. The migration into theology of social scientific theory, historicism, and pragmatism in the early twentieth century served as a foundation for constructing a new theological method that recast the relationship between the text, the self, and the world. The question of whether science would replace religion in determining the lived values of a society occupied social thinkers. Finding common ground required traversing the gulf between facts and values. In the course of the twentieth century, epistemological questions gave way to ethical ones. The question of right action replaced the question of what was true. Developments of social theory recognizing a plurality of knowledge allowed a mutual recognition. These changes contributed to the liberationist theological method, one that began with the world rather than with abstract truth applied to the world.
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Nelson, Claudia, und Anne Morey. Topologies of the Classical World in Children's Fiction. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198846031.001.0001.
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This book draws upon cognitive poetics and uses an assortment of works written in Britain and the US for preteen and adolescent readers from 1906 to 2018 to argue that authors typically employ a limited and powerful set of spatial metaphors to organize the classical past for young readers. Popular models include palimpsest texts, which see the past as a collection of strata in which each new era forms a layer superimposed upon a foundation laid earlier; map texts, which use the metaphor of the mappable journey to represent a protagonist’s process of maturing while gaining knowledge of the self and/or the world; and fractal texts, in which small parts of the narrative are thematically identical to the whole in a way that implies that history is infinitely repeatable. While a given text may embrace multiple metaphors in presenting the past, we argue for associations between dominant metaphors, genre, and outlook. Map texts highlight problem-solving and arrival at one’s planned destination; they model an assertive, confident outlook. Palimpsest texts position character and reader as occupying one among many equally important temporal layers; they emphasize the landscape’s continuity but the individual’s impermanence, modeling a more modest vision of one’s place in time. Fractal texts work by analogy, denying difference between past and present and inviting readers to conclude that significant change may be impossible. Thus each model uses the classical past to urge and thus perhaps to develop a particular approach to life.
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Prentice Hall World Studies Foundations of Geography All in One Teaching Resources. Pearson - Prentice Hall, 2005.
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Bronte, Charlotte. Jane Eyre: Oxford World Classics (Oxford World's Classics). Crescent, 1986.
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Hines, James R. The Artistic Sixties. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252039065.003.0011.
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This chapter discusses figure skating in the 1960s. In 1961, the entire U.S. World team died in a plane crash on the way to Prague. One year later, two skaters from former teams, Barbara Ann Roles and Yvonne Littlefield, traveled to Prague as part of an otherwise inexperienced team of American skaters. Only one new member of the 1962 team, Scott Allen, would ever win a World or Olympic medal, but collectively the team provided the foundation on which the United States built its next generation of international champions. While the United States lost its current best skaters in the crash and was thrust into the necessity of developing new ones, across the skating world, a largely new slate of skaters appeared at the 1962 World Championships. Three of the men, Canada's Donald Jackson, Germany's Manfred Schnelldorfer, and France's Alain Calmat, were destined to become World champions.
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Little, Max A. Machine Learning for Signal Processing. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198714934.001.0001.
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Digital signal processing (DSP) is one of the ‘foundational’ engineering topics of the modern world, without which technologies such the mobile phone, television, CD and MP3 players, WiFi and radar, would not be possible. A relative newcomer by comparison, statistical machine learning is the theoretical backbone of exciting technologies such as automatic techniques for car registration plate recognition, speech recognition, stock market prediction, defect detection on assembly lines, robot guidance and autonomous car navigation. Statistical machine learning exploits the analogy between intelligent information processing in biological brains and sophisticated statistical modelling and inference. DSP and statistical machine learning are of such wide importance to the knowledge economy that both have undergone rapid changes and seen radical improvements in scope and applicability. Both make use of key topics in applied mathematics such as probability and statistics, algebra, calculus, graphs and networks. Intimate formal links between the two subjects exist and because of this many overlaps exist between the two subjects that can be exploited to produce new DSP tools of surprising utility, highly suited to the contemporary world of pervasive digital sensors and high-powered and yet cheap, computing hardware. This book gives a solid mathematical foundation to, and details the key concepts and algorithms in, this important topic.
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Bolt, Paul J., und Sharyl N. Cross. Historical Foundations, Strategic Visions, and World Order. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198719519.003.0001.
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Chapter 1 explores perspectives on world order, including power relationships and the rules that shape state behavior and perceptions of legitimacy. After outlining a brief history of the relationship between Russia and China that ranged from cooperation to military clashes, the chapter details Chinese and Russian perspectives on the contemporary international order as shaped by their histories and current political situation. Chinese and Russian views largely coincide on security issues, the desirability of a more multipolar order, and institutions that would enhance their standing in the world. While the Chinese–Russian partnership has accelerated considerably, particularly since the crisis in Ukraine in 2014, there are still some areas of competition that limit the extent of the relationship.
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Gorham, Geoffrey. Hobbes’s Embodied God. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190490447.003.0008.
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17th-century natural philosophy placed God directly at the foundations of both the Cartesian and the Newtonian programs in physics. But Hobbes’s somewhat neglected “corporeal deity”—derived from the ancient Stoics—offered at least as compelling a conception of God’s immanent relation to the world as Descartes or Newton. While undeniably heterodox, Hobbes’s embodied God possessed the traditional divine attributes, including infinity, omnipotence, omniscience, and simplicity. Furthermore, the corporeal God solved an important problem at the foundation of Hobbesian physics: accounting for the origin of motion and diversity. Given the rise of deism and materialism in France and England at the turn of the eighteenth century, one might have expected a welcome reception for Hobbes’s corporeal deity (which was certainly well known). But in fact even radical authors like Toland—an avowed pantheist—rejected the corporeal god doctrine.
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Boyle, Deborah. Conclusion. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190234805.003.0011.
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This chapter summarizes the main features of the account of Nature ascribed to Cavendish in the preceding nine chapters. It describes what Cavendish thinks a truly well-ordered and perfectly regular universe would be like. According to Cavendish’s mature natural philosophy, Nature has “but One Law,” which is “to keep Infinite matter in order, and to keep so much Peace, as not to disturb the Foundation of her Government”; when the “foundation” of Nature is not disturbed, matter moves in orderly, peaceful ways. This suggests that, for Cavendish, Nature’s goal is for matter to be orderly and for its “regular” motions not to be disturbed. For the natural world to be peaceful is for it to be orderly, and that means the motions of matter must be regular, not irregular.
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Sepielli, Andrew. Pragmatist Quietism. Oxford University PressOxford, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192856500.001.0001.
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Abstract Pragmatist Quietism argues that there are objective ethical truths that neither require nor admit of a vindication or foundation from domains outside of ethics—metaphysics, semantics, epistemology, and so on. First, it argues that normative-ethical debates are similar in important ways to debates that philosophers call ‘merely verbal’; the key difference is that the former influence action and affect in a way that the latter do not. It then uses this set of features to explain why there are objective ethical truths that don’t need or allow for extra-ethical vindication, but also why it can sometimes seem as though ethics is not objective. This explanation of ethical objectivity without foundations is a distinctly pragmatist one, where pragmatism is the approach to inquiry and explanation on which we endeavour to guide our beliefs by considerations of value rather than by the accurate representation of the world. The meta-ethical outlook is then applied to issues in moral epistemology, including disagreement, and debunking arguments.
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Finn, Daniel K., Hrsg. Empirical Foundations of the Common Good. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190670054.001.0001.
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What has social science learned about the common good? Would humanists even want to alter their definitions of the common good based on what social scientists say? In this volume, six social scientists—from economics, political science, sociology, and policy analysis—speak about what their disciplines have to contribute to discussions within Catholic social thought about the common good. None of those disciplines talks directly about “the common good”; but nearly all social scientists believe that their scientific work can help make the world a better place, and each social science does operate with some notion of human flourishing. Two theologians examine the insights of social science, including such challenging assertions that theology is overly irenic, that it does not appreciate unplanned order, and that it does not grasp how in some situations contention among self-interested nations and persons can be an effective path to the common good. In response, one theologian explicitly includes contention along with cooperation in his (altered) definition of the common good.
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Brons, Lajos. A Buddha Land in This World: Philosophy, Utopia, and Radical Buddhism. punctum books, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.53288/0373.1.00.
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In the early twentieth century, Uchiyama Gudō, Seno’o Girō, Lin Qiuwu, and others advocated a Buddhism that was radical in two respects. Firstly, they adopted a more or less naturalist stance with respect to Buddhist doctrine and related matters, rejecting karma or other supernatural beliefs. And secondly, they held political and economic views that were radically anti-hegemonic, anti-capitalist, and revolutionary. Taking the idea of such a “radical Buddhism” seriously, A Buddha Land in This World: Philosophy, Utopia, and Radical Buddhism asks whether it is possible to develop a philosophy that is simultaneously naturalist, anti-capitalist, Buddhist, and consistent. Rather than a study of radical Buddhism, then, this book is an attempt to radicalize it. The foundations of this “radicalized radical Buddhism” are provided by a realist interpretation of Yogācāra, elucidated and elaborated with some help from thinkers in the broader Tiantai/Tendai tradition and American philosophers Donald Davidson and W.V.O. Quine. A key implication of this foundation is that only this world and only this life are real, from which it follows that if Buddhism aims to alleviate suffering, it has to do so in this world and in this life. Twentieth-century radical Buddhists (as well as some engaged Buddhists) came to a similar conclusion, often expressed in their aim to realize “a Buddha land in this world.” Building on this foundation, but also on Mahāyāna moral philosophy, this book argues for an ethics and social philosophy based on a definition of evil as that what is or should be expected to cause death or suffering. On that ground, capitalism should be rejected indeed, but utopianism must be treated with caution as well, which raises questions about what it means – from a radicalized radical Buddhist perspective – to aim for a Buddha land in this world.
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Glick, David, George Darby und Anna Marmodoro, Hrsg. The Foundation of Reality. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198831501.001.0001.
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Are space and time fundamental features of our world or might they emerge from something else? This volume brings together metaphysicians and philosophers of physics working on space, time, and fundamentality to address this timely question. Recent developments in the interpretation of quantum mechanics and the understanding of certain approaches to quantum gravity have led philosophers of physics to propose that space and time might be emergent rather than fundamental. But such discussions are often conducted without engagement with those working on fundamentality and related issues in contemporary metaphysics. This volume aims to correct this oversight. The diverse contributions to this volume address topics including the nature of fundamentality, the relation of space and time to quantum entanglement, and space and time in theories of quantum gravity. Only through consideration of a range of different approaches to the topic can we hope to get clear on the status of space and time in our contemporary understanding of physical reality.
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Jeswald W, Salacuse. 3 The Foundations of International Investment Law. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198703976.003.0003.
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This chapter examines the state of customary international law governing international investments, that is, the law that exists in the absence of an applicable treaty. Following World War II, such law for most investors was incomplete, vague, contested, and without an effective enforcement mechanism, meaning that investors and their home governments needed to find another way to protect investments of their nationals. This would lie in negotiating investment treaties. Topics covered include state and investor interests shaping international investment law; the sources of international law; customary international law and general principles of law governing international investment; customary international law on expropriation and breach of state contracts; challenges to Western views on international investment law; and deficiencies of customary international law on investment.
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Thomsen, Steen. Foundation Ownership and Firm Performance. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198805274.003.0004.
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Foundation ownership of business companies is a governance structure which combines philanthropy and business. It is common in Northern Europe, particularly in Denmark. This chapter explains the basic governance structure, including the role of the foundation boards and company boards in foundation-owned companies, as well as the role of foundation law, government supervision and capital markets. It goes on to review the international evidence on the performance of foundation-owned companies, drawing on academic research from Scandinavia, the Netherlands, Germany, Italy and the US. The evidence indicates that foundation ownership is a financially sustainable and socially responsive governance model, which could be more widely used around the world. However, successful foundation ownership requires a climate of good governance that cannot be taken for granted.
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Fung, C. Victor. Foundations of Classic Confucianism. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190234461.003.0003.
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Confucius (551–479 BC) solidified Confucianism as a school of philosophy. Mencius (372–289 BC) took it to a deeper level. Being human-centric is essential to both. Classic Confucianism focuses on the cultivation of the self as a way of bringing forth a better society filled with exemplary persons. Everyone should work hard at achieving sincerity (cheng誠), which must be coupled with kindness (shan善), so benevolence (ren仁) can be attained. The constant practice of these principles enables one to be an exemplary person (junzi君子), who would also help others to achieve the same. In classic Confucianism, music is integrated into everyone’s life and in every society. As one makes policies, designs curricula, plans lessons, grades assignments, meets parents, discusses issues, advocates for music, and so forth, the qualities of an exemplary person is expected.
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Nyquist Potter, Nancy. Empathic Foundations of Clinical Knowledge. Herausgegeben von K. W. M. Fulford, Martin Davies, Richard G. T. Gipps, George Graham, John Z. Sadler, Giovanni Stanghellini und Tim Thornton. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199579563.013.0021.
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This chapter sets out several views of empathy that draw not only on psychology's literature but on philosophical and psychiatric writings. Empathy is a set of complex concepts involving perception, emotion, attitudinal orientation, and other cognitive processes as well as an activity that expresses character traits and, hence, one of the virtues. In other words, an examination of the philosophical and clinical literature reveals empathy to be not one unified concept but instead a set of related characteristics and qualities needed to be an ethical and therapeutically effective clinician. To this end, the chapter offers reasons as to why empathy is important to clinical work: empathy is both epistemically and ethically necessary to good social relations and, in particular, clinical relations. It then distinguishes empathy from a related concept called "world"-traveling and situates its relevance to therapeutic relations. Finally it brings these ideas together by highlighting Iris Murdoch's ideas of "just vision" and "loving attention."
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Anderson, Greg. The Anomalous Foundations of Modern Being. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190886646.003.0008.
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To better understand this anomalous modern ontology and how it shapes our historical practice, the chapter continues its ethical case by exploring the uniquely modern metaphysical commitments which sustain that ontology, determining for us what can and cannot be really there in the world. Elaborating on arguments made by the anthropologist Philippe Descola for the existence of a metaphysical “Great Divide” between modern and non-modern worlds, it contends that our capitalist way of life, our mainstream sciences, and our conventional historical practice are all premised upon historically anomalous metaphysical commitments to materialism, secularism, anthropocentrism, and individualism. Citing influential works by theorists in the classical liberal tradition, from John Locke to Herbert Spencer, it shows quite precisely how these peculiarly modern metaphysical commitments have shaped the form and contents of the universal template of social being that is taken for granted by our conventional historicist practice. The application of this model to all non-modern experiences by historians is ethically questionable, in that it denies past peoples their rightful power to determine the ultimate truths of their own existence. Yet modern philosophical orthodoxies ensure the model’s continuing use.
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Gordon, Gregory S. Atrocity Speech Law. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190612689.001.0001.
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Hate speech is widely considered a precondition for mass atrocity. Since World War II a large body of case law has interpreted the key offenses criminalizing such discourse: (1) incitement to genocide; and (2) persecution as a crime against humanity. But the law has developed in a fragmented manner. Surprisingly, no volume has furnished a comprehensive analysis of the entire jurisprudential output and the relation of each of its parts to one another and to the whole. Atrocity Speech Law fills this gap and provides needed perspective for courts, government officials, and scholars. Part 1, “Foundation,” explores the historical relationship between speech and atrocity and the foundations of the current legal framework. Part 2, “Fragmentation,” details the discrepancies and deficiencies within that framework. Part 3, “Fruition,” proposes fixes for the individual speech offenses and suggests a more comprehensive solution: a “Unified Liability Theory,” pursuant to which there would be four criminal modalities placed in one statutory provision and applying to genocide, crimes against humanity, and war crimes: (1) incitement; (2) speech abetting; (3) instigation; and (4) ordering. Apart from the issue of fragmentation, experts have failed to find an accurate designation for this body of law. “International Incitement Law” and “International Hate Speech Law,” two of the typical labels, do not capture the law’s breadth or its proper relationship to mass violence. So with a more holistic and accurate approach in mind, this book proposes a new name for the overall body of international rules and jurisprudence: “atrocity speech law.”
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Dieterle, David A., Hrsg. Economic Thinkers. ABC-CLIO, LLC, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798400643613.
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Who are the individuals whose novel ideas, writings, and philosophies have influenced economics throughout history—and in doing so, have helped change the world? This encyclopedia provides a readable study of economics by examining the great economists themselves. This book presents biographies of 200 economic thinkers throughout history, supplying a one-stop reference about the men and women whose ideas, writings, and philosophies created the foundation of our current understanding of economics. Depicting their subjects within the contexts of history, development economics, and econometrics, these biographies provide an insightful overview of the world of economics through the economists of significance and the many subdisciplines, topics, eras, and philosophies they represent. Economic Thinkers: A Biographical Encyclopedia begins by describing economic thinkers in ancient Greece and Rome, moves through history to cover economists in the 15th through 19th centuries, and addresses economic theory in the 20th century and the modern era. Written to be easily accessible and highly readable, the work will appeal to students, scholars, general readers, and anyone interested in learning about the historical and philosophical foundation of economics.
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Shiffrin, Seana Valentine. A Thinker-Based Approach to Freedom of Speech. Princeton University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691157023.003.0004.
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This chapter examines the foundational connection between the grounds for the moral prohibition on lying and the moral and political protection of freedom of speech. Both the prohibition on lying and the prohibition on wrongful deception work aim to protect the ability of listeners to rely on speech to develop understandings of one another and of the world. These understandings are essential for our mutual flourishing, for the apprehension and discharge of our moral obligations to one another as individuals, and to enable us to pursue our collective moral ends. The chapter draws some connections between these values and freedom of speech. It argues that the connection between discursive communication and moral agency also provides the foundations for what it calls a “thinker-based approach” to freedom of speech, which affords free speech theory a more natural way to represent the unity between freedom of thought and freedom of communication.
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Turner, Brian, und Richard J. A. Talbert, Übers. Pliny the Elder's World. Cambridge University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/9781108592758.
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Pliny's World offers readers a translation of the Natural History's opening books unprecedented for its completeness, accuracy and accessibility. Here, in quirky, often breathless style, Pliny lays the foundation of a hugely influential encyclopedia with coverage of the universe, stars, planets and moon, followed by earth's climate and then its physical and human geography. From Rome as ruling centerpoint, Pliny surveys the known world and its countless peoples in a vast arc from the Atlantic to Sri Lanka, embracing the Danube, Euphrates and Nile lands, Atlas and Caucasus mountains, Germany, Africa, Arabia, India. Passages from later books further illustrating his geographical grasp are appended, on topics as varied as wine, water, trees, birds and fish. Throughout, Pliny's frank expression of strong opinions about religion, distorted human values, abuse of the environment (and more) reveal uncannily modern preoccupations. His work remained an inspirational resource through the Renaissance, and still fascinates today.
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Turner, Brian, und Richard J. A. Talbert, Übers. Pliny the Elder's World. Cambridge University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/9781108592758.
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Pliny's World offers readers a translation of the Natural History's opening books unprecedented for its completeness, accuracy and accessibility. Here, in quirky, often breathless style, Pliny lays the foundation of a hugely influential encyclopedia with coverage of the universe, stars, planets and moon, followed by earth's climate and then its physical and human geography. From Rome as ruling centerpoint, Pliny surveys the known world and its countless peoples in a vast arc from the Atlantic to Sri Lanka, embracing the Danube, Euphrates and Nile lands, Atlas and Caucasus mountains, Germany, Africa, Arabia, India. Passages from later books further illustrating his geographical grasp are appended, on topics as varied as wine, water, trees, birds and fish. Throughout, Pliny's frank expression of strong opinions about religion, distorted human values, abuse of the environment (and more) reveal uncannily modern preoccupations. His work remained an inspirational resource through the Renaissance, and still fascinates today.
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Golan, Amos. Foundations of Info-Metrics. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199349524.001.0001.
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This book provides a framework for info-metrics—the science of modeling, inference, and reasoning under conditions of noisy and insufficient information. Info-metrics is an inherently interdisciplinary framework that emerged from the intersection of information theory, statistical inference, and decision-making under uncertainty. It allows us to process the available information with minimal reliance on assumptions that cannot be validated. This book focuses on unifying all information processing and model building within a single constrained optimization framework. It provides a complete framework for modeling and inference, rather than a problem-specific model. The framework evolves from the simple premise that our available information is often insufficient to provide a unique answer for decisions we wish to make. Each decision, or solution, is derived from the available input information along with a choice of inferential procedure. The book contains many multidisciplinary applications that demonstrate the simplicity and generality of the framework in real-world settings: These include initial diagnosis at an emergency room, optimal dose decisions, election forecasting, network and information aggregation, weather pattern analyses, portfolio allocation, inference of strategic behavior, incorporation of prior information, option pricing, and modeling an interacting social system. This book presents simple derivations of the key results that are necessary to understand and apply the fundamental concepts to a variety of problems. Derivations are often supported by graphical illustrations. The book is designed to be accessible for graduate students, researchers, and practitioners across the disciplines, requiring only basic quantitative skills and a little persistence.
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Hill, Matthew B., Hrsg. Dystopian States of America. ABC-CLIO, LLC, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798216182764.
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Dystopian States of America is a crucial resource that studies the impact of dystopian works on American society—including ways in which they reflect our deep and persistent fears about environmental calamities, authoritarian governments, invasive technologies, and human weakness. Dystopian States of America provides students and researchers with an illuminating resource for understanding the impact and relevance of dystopian and apocalyptic works in contemporary American culture. Through its wide survey of dystopian works in numerous forms and genres, the book encourages readers to connect with these works of fiction and understand how the catastrophically grim or disquieting worlds they portray offer insights into our own current situation. In addition to providing more than 150 encyclopedia articles on a large and representative sample of dystopian/apocalyptic narratives in fiction, film, television, and video games (including popular works that often escape critical inquiry), Dystopian States of America features a suite of critical essays on five themes—war, pandemics, totalitarianism, environmental calamity, and technological overreach—that serve as the foundation for most dystopian worlds of the imagination. These offerings complement one another, enabling readers to explore dystopian conceptions of America and the world from multiple perspectives and vantage points.
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Dicker, Georges. Hume on the External World. Herausgegeben von Paul Russell. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199742844.013.10.
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Like Descartes, Locke, and Berkeley before him, Hume propounds a theory of the external world or of what, in his case, is better called belief in the existence of body. The success or failure of his discussion rests not on any conclusion reached about the status of this belief—its reasonableness or unreasonableness, its truth or falsity--but only on whether, in accordance with his purpose of providing a “science of MAN,” his explanation of why we have the belief is convincing. Furthermore, Hume identifies two versions of the belief: an ordinary or “vulgar” version that we all hold until we confront the arguments that demonstrate its falsity and a “philosophical” version that we are driven to by those arguments but that has no rational foundation. This chapter analyzes Hume’s treatment of both versions and offers an internal criticism as well as some criticism from the standpoint of contemporary analytic philosophy.
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Rushton, Richard. Deleuze and Lola Montès. Bloomsbury Publishing Plc, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9781501345791.
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Gilles Deleuze represents the most widely referenced theorist of cinema today. And yet, even the most rudimentary pillars of his thought remain mysterious to most students (and even many scholars) of film studies. From one of the foremost theorists following Deleuze in the world today, Deleuze and Lola Montès offers a detailed explication of Gilles Deleuze’s writings on film – from his books Cinema 1: The Movement-Image (1983) and Cinema 2: The Time-Image (1985). Building on this foundation, Rushton provides an interpretation of Max Ophuls’s classic film Lola Montès as an example of how Deleuzian film theory can function in the practice of film interpretation.
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Schmidt, Christoph, Hrsg. Viability of Alternative Online News Media Organizations in Developing and Transformation Countries. Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/9783845292045.
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Media development cooperation is based on the assumption that free and independent media are a precondition for good governance and thus the effective functioning of democratic societies. In order to holistically approach the area of media development a concept that combines media sustainability and journalistic quality is needed – this call laid the foundation for the concept of media viability. This publication is one of the firsts that reveals general characteristics that shape, enhance and restrict media viability of online news organizations in developing countries and economies in transition. Further, the comparative approach serves to highlight the challenges and chances alternative online news media face with regard to media viability in the developing world and thus is a first step in the search for clues on how to best promote media viability. This analysis focuses on five countries within different world regions: Ecuador, Uganda, Cambodia, Ukraine and Tunisia.
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Hanlon, Robert T. Block by Block: The Historical and Theoretical Foundations of Thermodynamics. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198851547.001.0001.
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At the heart of many fields—physics, chemistry, engineering—lays thermodynamics. While this science plays a critical role in determining the boundary between what is and is not possible in the natural world, it occurs to many as an indecipherable black box, thus making the subject a challenge to learn. Two obstacles contribute to this situation, the first being the disconnect between the fundamental theories and the underlying physics and the second being the confusing concepts and terminologies involved with the theories. While one needn’t confront either of these two obstacles to successfully use thermodynamics to solve real problems, overcoming both provides access to a greater intuitive sense of the problems and more confidence, more strength, and more creativity in solving them. Success in this regard necessarily involves learning both the science and the history that led to the science. The two were intertwined during the evolution of thermodynamics and are thus likewise intertwined in this book.With this book I offer an original perspective on thermodynamic science and history based on standing at the interface between three worlds: practicing engineer, academician, and historian. I synthesize and gather into one accessible volume a strategic range of foundational topics involving the atomic theory, energy, entropy, and the laws of thermodynamics. For each topic I capture both the physical and historical underpinnings together with the human-interest stories as the hundreds of years of thermodynamic history are filled with many such stories. I share them to further engage, educate, and inspire the reader.
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Rathey, Markus. Bach in the World. Oxford University PressNew York, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197578841.001.0001.
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Abstract Johann Sebastian Bach’s works are often classified along the lines of “sacred” versus “secular.” While this distinction is fraught with problems, it seems to provide a useful way to distinguish between Bach’s vocal works for the liturgy and those that were written to honor courts and members of the nobility. But even within this second group, the lines cannot be drawn that clearly. The political and social systems of Bach’s time relied on religion as an ideological foundation, and public displays of political power almost always included religious rituals and thus required some form of sacred music. Social constructs, such as class and gender, were also embedded in religious frameworks. The book analyzes public manifestations of the social order during Bach’s time in large-scale celebrations, processions, public performances, and visual displays. By analyzing selected cantatas, the book explores how Bach’s music functioned as an agent of affective communication within rituals, such as the installation of the town council, and as a place where sociopolitical norms were perpetuated and—in a few cases—even challenged.
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Ivanhoe, Philip J. Oneness with the World. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190840518.003.0002.
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Chapter 1 looks at traditional robust conceptions of oneness that rely on strong metaphysical claims about the basic nature of all things as the basis for extensive concern for other people, creatures, and things. In particular, it focuses on neo-Confucian conceptions of oneness and their corresponding ethical views. The chapter then considers ways we might separate the plausible moral and prudential implications of such views from their less plausible metaphysical foundations by exploring the general category of expressive oneness and developing Freud’s distinction between illusion and delusion. Roughly, such views all recognize that conceptions of oneness always include an aspirational dimension: an expression of how we choose to see and be in the world. Nevertheless, modern versions of oneness remain consistent with the best science of the day, and some appeal to such in advancing their conceptions of how we are connected to the world.
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Andersson, Jenny. The Future as Moral Imperative. Foundations of Futurism. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198814337.003.0003.
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Chapter 3 traces the emergence of futurism to a range of writings by intellectuals such as Hannah Arendt, Ossip Flechtheim, and Lewis Mumford immediately after the Second World War. It explains the relevance of the idea, prevalent among key intellectuals after 1945, that the rise of totalitarianism, the invention of the atomic bomb, and the destruction of European Jewry had amounted to a severing of links between past and future that threatened all forms of human being. Humanity found itself in a state of profound moral and cultural crisis, a crisis explained as a complete loss of future. The chapter shows that futurists understood the future as squeezed by a new source of power over time, which they identified in new technologies of prediction and linked to totalitarian tendencies on a world scale.