Thematische Bibliographien / Omega-3 fatty acids

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Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Omega-3 fatty acids“

Autor: Grafiati

Veröffentlicht am 4. Juni 2021

Zuletzt aktualisiert am 30. Juli 2024

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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "Omega-3 fatty acids"

Feliu, María, Anabel Impa Condori, Inés Fernandez und Nora Slobodianik. „Omega 3 Fatty Acids vs Omega 6 Fatty Acids“. Current Developments in Nutrition 6, Supplement_1 (Juni 2022): 512. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzac077.015.

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Abstract Objectives Dietary lipids have a very important role in nutrition and must be ingested in an appropriate proportion. Objective: To study the effect of w3 fatty acid supplementation of a diet containing sunflower oil (rich in fatty acids omega 6) as fat source, on serum fatty acid profiles of growing rats. Methods Weanling Wistar rats received during 10 days normocaloric diet and fat was provided by sunflower oil (S group). The others groups received the same diet supplemented with 24mg/day of fish oil (SF group) or chía oil (SCh group). Control group (C) received AIN´93 diet. Serum fatty acids profiles were determined by gas chromatography. Statistical analysis used ANOVA test. Results Results: (expressed as %Area) SERUM: OLEIC C:10.11 ± 1.84, S:12.13 ± 3.84, SCh:12.74 ± 1.56, SF: 13.12 ± 2.82; ARACHIDONIC C:13.40 ± 4.39, S:17.61 ± 4.09, SCh: 15.75 ± 0.89, SF:15.41 ± 1.76; LINOLEIC C:20.52 ± 3.37, S: 19.80 ± 3.36, SCh: 21.14 ± 2.12, SF: 18.92 ± 3.87; LINOLENIC (ALA) C:0.93 ± 0.27a, S:0.19 ± 0.06 b, SCh: 0.28 ± 0.08b, SF:0.22 ± 0.05b; EPA C:0.80 ± 0.22, S:0.68 ± 0.15, SCh: 0.74 ± 0.18, SF: 0.67 ± 0.14; DHA C:1.60 ± 0.55a, S:1.14 ± 0.35a, SCh:1.70 ± 0.45a, SF:4.22 ± 0.93b. Media that didn't present a letter (a, b) in common, were different (p < 0.01). In sera, S, SF and SCh groups showed lower ALA levels compared to C. SF group presented high levels of DHA. Diet S was mainly a contributor to linoleic acid with a ratio w6/w3 = 250 (recommended value: 5–10). Conclusions The diet containing sunflower oil as fat source shows that ω6 family route was exacerbated; by the other hand ω3 family was depressed. Chia supplement showed a tendency towards higher values of w3 family but were significantly lower than C. Fish oil supplement increase significantly DHA values. Diet containing sunflower oil as fat source provoked changes in serum fatty acids profiles and the supplementation with w3 fatty acid provided by chía or fish oil do not increase ALA values significantly. Diet influences the serum fatty acid profile, being not only important the percentage of lipids on it but also the different fatty acids pattern. Funding Sources UBACyT: 20020190100093BA.

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Schmidt, Erik Berg, und Jørn Dyerberg. „Omega-3 Fatty Acids“. Drugs 47, Nr. 3 (März 1994): 405–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00003495-199447030-00003.

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&NA;. „Omega-3-fatty-acids“. Reactions Weekly &NA;, Nr. 1250 (Mai 2009): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00128415-200912500-00092.

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Radack, Kenneth L. „Omega-3 Fatty Acids“. Annals of Internal Medicine 109, Nr. 1 (01.07.1988): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-109-1-81.

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Brookhyser, Joan. „Omega 3 Fatty Acids“. Journal of Renal Nutrition 16, Nr. 3 (Juli 2006): e7-e10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/j.jrn.2006.04.003.

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Davidson, Michael H. „Omega-3 fatty acids“. Current Opinion in Lipidology 24, Nr. 6 (Dezember 2013): 467–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/mol.0000000000000019.

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Freeman, Marlene P. „Omega-3 fatty acids“. Evidence-Based Integrative Medicine 1, Nr. 1 (2003): 43–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/01197065-200301010-00008.

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Engler, Marguerite M., und Mary B. Engler. „Omega-3 Fatty Acids“. Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing 21, Nr. 1 (Januar 2006): 17–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005082-200601000-00005.

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&NA;. „Omega-3 Fatty Acids“. Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing 21, Nr. 1 (Januar 2006): 25–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005082-200601000-00006.

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Braquet, P. „Omega-3 fatty acids“. Biochimie 75, Nr. 11 (Januar 1993): 1020–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0300-9084(93)90158-o.

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Dissertationen zum Thema "Omega-3 fatty acids"

Lalia, Antigoni. „Omega-3 fatty acids to combat sarcopenia“. Thesis, College of Medicine - Mayo Clinic, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10124986.

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Background: Age-related sarcopenia leads to frailty, physical disability and loss of independence. Although exercise is an effective strategy to counteract the prevailing loss of muscle mass, older adults exhibit blunted anabolic responses, and are often unable to adopt an active lifestyle due to comorbidities associated with aging. Long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA), eicosapentaenoic (EPA) and docosahexaenoic (DHA) acid, are non-pharmaceutical nutrients which have surfaced for their potential anabolic properties on skeletal muscle and may be particularly beneficial in the context of sarcopenia.

Objective: First, to determine if EPA and DHA increase muscle protein synthesis in older adults. Second, to determine if n-3 PUFA increase the anabolic response to an acute resistance exercise stimulus in older adults. Third, to assess if their effect is mediated through improved mitochondrial function, which is known to be impaired with aging.

Methods: Twelve old, sedentary, healthy women and men (65-85 years) were given 3.9 grams/day purified EPA/DHA for 4 months. 12 young adults (18-35 years) were included as a comparison group for baseline measurements. Muscle protein fractional synthesis rate (FSR) was measured before and after treatment for mixed muscle, and subcellular fractions of myofibrillar, mitochondrial and sarcoplasmic proteins. We infused a stable isotope tracer of [ring-¹³C₆] phenylalanine and monitored incorporation of the amino acid into muscle proteins, at the fasting, post absorptive state, and 16 hours following an acute bout of unaccustomed resistance exercise, using mass spectrometry. Muscle mitochondrial function was assessed ex vivo from skeletal muscle biopsies. Further mechanistic information was generated through large scale and individual mRNA gene expression, inflammatory markers, and protein phosphorylation signaling of the anabolic pathway.

Results: Protein synthesis was similar between age groups at baseline and post exercise, despite the robust decline in mRNA gene expression with aging. EPA/DHA supplementation increased total lean mass, and increased mitochondrial and sarcoplasmic FSR at baseline. Following acute exercise, mixed muscle and subcellular FSR did not change significantly, but participants were segregated into responders and non-responders. EPA/DHA further potentiated the anabolic response of mitochondrial FSR to levels greater than that in the young. There was no improvement in mitochondrial oxidative capacity and efficiency, but there was a significant decrease in ROS emissions.

Conclusion: In healthy older adults, EPA/DHA exhibited significant anabolic effect in baseline skeletal muscle mitochondrial and sarcoplasmic FSR, which was dissociated from mitochondrial oxidative capacity. The anabolic response to exercise was variable between responders and non-responders where some individuals presented with marked increase in mixed muscle and subcellular FSR. This observation sets the ground for identifying the phenotypic traits of the elderly who are likely to benefit from the therapeutic use of n-3 PUFA to combat sarcopenia of aging.

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O'Shea, Karen Michelle. „Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Heart Failure“. Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1258128805.

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Wang, Yanwen. „Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and chicken immunity“. Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/NQ60356.pdf.

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McDaniel, Jodi C. „Omega-3 fatty acids effect on wound healing“. Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1186629013.

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Purwaha, Preeti. „Effect of Dietary Omega-3 and Omega-6 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids on Alcoholic Liver Disease“. Diss., North Dakota State University, 2012. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/26488.

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PUFAs have been shown to modulate ALD by several mechanisms, including free radical generation from hepatic lipid peroxidation. However, how they modulate lipid peroxidation and generation of bioactive metabolites in ALD is poorly understood and it is still not clear which PUFAs (?-3 or ?-6) are beneficial or detrimental in ALD. Thus, our objective was to study the effect of ?-3/?-6 PUFAs on lipid peroxidation and ethanol mediated steatosis and inflammation. Using standard liquid diet (LDC), LDC with fish oil (rich in ?-3) and safflower oil (rich in ?-6), we studied the generation of bioactive metabolites, such as eicosanoids and free radicals generated via lipid peroxidation. In addition, we determined the effect of PUFAs on several inflammatory and fibrotic factors, e.g. gene as well as protein expression, using western blot and RT-PCR, respectively. We also investigated the effect of PUFA diets on novel targets, such as hepatic membrane transporters with potential role in liver inflammation. Our results suggest that ?-3 diet prevented while ?-6 based diets promoted the development of fatty liver and inflammation. ?-3 PUFA reduced AA-peroxidation by lowering hepatic AA concentration and expression of peroxidation enzymes, COX-2 and 5-LOX, resulting in lower generation of pro-inflammatory AA-derived PGs (Series-2), HETEs and free radicals, along with increase in anti-inflammatory EPA and DHA-derived PGs (Series-3). ?-3 diet might also reduce liver inflammation by preventing activation of NF-?B and induction of TNF-?. Rats fed with ?-3 diet showed high protein expression of efflux transporters, MRP-2 and ABCA1, indicating elimination of peroxidation metabolites and triglycerides from the liver and decreased inflammation. In contrast, ?-6 diets led to increase in AA-peroxidation and generation of AA-derived pro-inflammatory metabolites. ?-6 based diets also promoted fatty liver and inflammation by activating NF-?B, inducing TNF-? and downregulation of efflux transporters, MRP-2 and ABCA1. This study not only provides new insights into the effects and possible mechanisms by which ?-3 and ?-6 PUFAs may alter hepatic steatosis and inflammation, but also put forward new targets of research, such as hepatic membrane transporters in relation to liver pathology in ALD.

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Novak, Elizabeth Marie. „Dietary omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids and neonatal liver metabolism“. Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/36743.

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It is well-known that the n-3 fatty acids are important regulators of fat and glucose metabolism in adult liver; however, to date most research on the importance of n-3 fatty acids in early development has focused on the brain, with little consideration of effects on other organs. This research addressed the importance of the essential n-3 and n-6 fatty acids for the liver during early development. A series of studies were conducted to address the impact of the amount, balance, and types of n-6 and n-3 fatty acids in the maternal diet and infant milk diet on lipids, protein abundance, gene expression, and relevant metabolites in the developing liver. Using milk-formula fed piglets, the first study demonstrated that the supply of n-6 and n-3 fatty acids impacts infant liver fatty acids, with high dietary n-6 fatty acids decreasing hepatic n-3 fatty acids in a pattern similar to n-3 fatty acid deficiency. Using the rat to address the impact of maternal fatty acid nutrition in gestation and lactation on the infant liver, the second study showed that adding n-3 fatty acids to the maternal diet lead to higher long chain n-3 fatty acids in neonatal liver, and this was associated with higher expression of enzymes of fatty acid oxidation and lower expression of enzymes of glycolysis and amino acid catabolism, with altered amino acid patterns when compared to n-3 fatty acid deficiency. In the third study, providing long chain n-3 fatty acids in the maternal diet led to marked increase in long chain n-3 fatty acids in milk and in the liver of the milk-fed rat pups, and this was associated with lower gene expression for enzymes of fatty acid synthesis and glycolysis and higher gene expression for an enzyme of ketogenesis in the neonatal liver. These studies provide new knowledge to show that the amount, types and balance of n-3 and n-6 fatty acids in the maternal and infant diet are relevant to hepatic metabolic regulation in the early postnatal period. Nutrition support of young infants should consider the needs and functions of n-3 fatty acids beyond the brain.

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Metcalf, Robert Glenn. „Strategies for increasing consumption of N-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and their effects on cardiac arrhythmias in humans“. Title page, table of contents and abstract only, 2003. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phm5885.pdf.

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"October 2003" Bibliography: leaves 190-210. Ch. 1. Literature review -- Ch. 2. A practical approach to increasing intakes of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids: use of novel foods enriched with n-3 fats -- Ch. 3. Effects of fatty acids on the incidence of arrhythmias in patients with implanted cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs) -- Ch. 4. A pilot study to investigate the effects of n-3 fatty acids on inducible, sustained ventricular tachycardia in patients undergoing electrophysiology testing -- Ch. 5. Conclusions and future directions.

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Lewis, Amanda Gloria. „Treatment of Hypertriglyceridemia with Omega-3 Fatty Acids: A Systematic Review“. Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2004. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd458.pdf.

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Scorletti, Eleonora. „Effect of omega-3 fatty acids in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease“. Thesis, University of Southampton, 2017. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/422265/.

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The first chapter (Introduction) of the thesis summarises the pathogenesis of NAFLD and its associated risk factors such as type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Moreover, it describes: a) the potential beneficial effects of long chain omega-3 fatty acid treatment [docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) plus eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)] in NAFLD; b) the effect of genotypes patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein-3 (PNPLA3 I148M) and the transmembrane 6 superfamily member 2 protein (TM6SF2 E167K), on the level of DHA and EPA enrichment and end of study liver fat percentage after DHA+EPA treatment; and c) the effect of fatty acid desaturase (FADS) and Elongase (ELOVL) polymorphisms influencing omega-3 fatty acid metabolism. The second chapter describes the overall aim of this thesis. The aim of my research was to investigate in patients with NAFLD: a) the effect of long-chain omega-3 fatty acid treatment on liver fat percentage and liver fibrosis biomarkers; b) the effect of genotypes influencing NAFLD severity on treatment with DHA+EPA; and c) the effect of genotypes influencing omega-3 fatty acid metabolism in NAFLD. The third chapter describes in details the design and methods used in my research. Chapter four highlights my novel results from the WELCOME study. This chapter describes the baseline and end of study characteristics of the WELCOME study participants and shows the results of the DHA+EPA treatment on liver fat percentage and liver fibrosis biomarkers. This chapter also describes the association between DHA erythrocyte enrichment and decrease in liver fat percentage after DHA+EPA treatment. Chapter five illustrates the association between PNPLA3 I148M and DHA erythrocyte enrichment percentage and end of study liver fat percentage after DHA+EPA treatment. The chapter shows that PNPLA3 I148M was associated with higher end of study liver fat percentage and lower DHA tissue enrichment. Chapter six shows the negative association between FADS polymorphisms and omega-3 fatty acid metabolism in NAFLD. The chapter also shows that there was a gene-DHA+EPA interaction between the minor allele of the FADS1 rs174556 and Δ-5 desaturase activity after treatment with DHA+EPA. Finally, chapter seven, summarises my results in the context of current evidence and knowledge about the subject matter.

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Wang, Lei. „MODULATION OF ENDOTHELIAL CELL ACTIVATION BY OMEGA-6 AND OMEGA-3 FATTY ACIDS“. UKnowledge, 2007. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/gradschool_diss/573.

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Endothelial activation is considered to be an early and critical event in the pathology of atherogenesis which can be modified by environmental factors such as diet, pollutants, and lifestyle habits. Dietary andamp;ugrave;-6 and andamp;ugrave;-3 fatty acids have been reported to either amplify or diminish inflammatory responses related to atherosclerosis development. However, the interactions of andamp;ugrave;-6 and andamp;ugrave;-3 fatty acids with inflammatory cytokines or organic pollutants on endothelial cell activation are not well understood. The studies presented in this dissertation tested the hypothesis that andamp;ugrave;-6 and andamp;ugrave;-3 fatty acids alone, or in varying ratios can differently modulate pro-atherogenic mediators and inflammatory responses that are initiated by tumor necrosis factor- andamp;aacute; (TNF-andamp;aacute;) or polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in endothelial cells. Exposure to TNF-andamp;aacute; induced oxidative stress, p38 MAPK, NF-andamp;ecirc;B, COX-2 and PGE2, which was amplified by pre-enrichment with linoleic acid but blocked or reduced by andamp;aacute;-linolenic acid. Furthermore, TNF-andamp;aacute;-induced caveolin-1 up-regulation and the co-localization of TNF receptor-1 with caveolin-1 was markedly increased in the presence of linoleic acid and diminished by andamp;aacute;-linolenic acid. Silencing of the caveolin-1 gene completely blocked TNF-andamp;aacute;-induced production of COX-2 and PGE2 and significantly reduced the amplified response of linoleic acid plus TNF-andamp;aacute;. These data suggest that omega-6 and omega-3 fatty acids can differentially modulate TNF-andamp;aacute;-induced inflammatory stimuli and that caveolae and its fatty acid composition play a regulatory role in these observed metabolic events. Besides cytokines, lipophilic environmental contaminants such as PCBs can also trigger inflammatory events in endothelial cells. Our data suggest that increasing the relative amount of andamp;aacute;-linolenic acid to linoleic acid can markedly decrease oxidative stress and NF-andamp;ecirc;B-responsive genes. The inhibitor study revealed that the modulation effect of andamp;ugrave;-6 and andamp;ugrave;-3 fatty acids on PCB toxicity was mainly through the oxidative stress sensitive transcription factor, NF-andamp;ecirc;B. In conclusion, our studies demonstrate that different dietary fats can selectively modulate vascular cytotoxicity caused by TNF-andamp;aacute; as well as by persistent organic pollutants such as PCBs. We also demonstrated the important relevance of substituting dietary andamp;ugrave;-3 fatty acids such as andamp;aacute;-linolenic acid for andamp;ugrave;-6 fatty acid such as linoleic acid in reducing cardiovascular diseases.

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Bücher zum Thema "Omega-3 fatty acids"

Shahidi, Fereidoon, und John W. Finley, Hrsg. Omega-3 Fatty Acids. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2001-0788.

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Hegde, Mahabaleshwar V., Anand Arvind Zanwar und Sharad P. Adekar, Hrsg. Omega-3 Fatty Acids. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-40458-5.

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De Meester, Fabien, Ronald Ross Watson und Sherma Zibadi, Hrsg. Omega-6/3 Fatty Acids. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-62703-215-5.

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Nettleton, Joyce A. Omega-3 fatty acids and health. [S.l.]: Springer, 2012.

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C, Teale M., Hrsg. Omega 3 fatty acid research. New York: Nova Science Publishers, 2005.

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Nettleton, Joyce A. Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Health. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2071-9.

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Klör, H. U., Hrsg. Lipoprotein Subfractions Omega-3 Fatty Acids. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-83447-9.

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1942-, Kremer Joel M., Hrsg. Medicinal fatty acids in inflammation. Basel: Birkhauser Verlag, 1998.

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Valentine, R. C. Omega-3 fatty acids and the DHA principle. Boca Raton: Taylor & Francis, 2010.

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1951-, Shahidi Fereidoon, und Finley John W. 1942-, Hrsg. Omega-3 fatty acids: Chemistry, nutrition, and health effects. Washington, D.C: American Chemical Society, 2001.

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Buchteile zum Thema "Omega-3 fatty acids"

Zanwar, Anand Arvind, Yogesh S. Badhe, Subhash L. Bodhankar, Prakash B. Ghorpade und Mahabaleshwar V. Hegde. „Omega-3 Milk“. In Omega-3 Fatty Acids, 45–50. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-40458-5_4.

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Panse, Manohar L., Shripad P. Atakare, Mahabaleshwar V. Hegde und Shivajirao S. Kadam. „Omega-3 Egg“. In Omega-3 Fatty Acids, 51–66. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-40458-5_5.

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Chirmade, Tejas P., Smrati Sanghi, Ashwini V. Rajwade, Vidya S. Gupta und Narendra Y. Kadoo. „Balancing Omega-6: Omega-3 Ratios in Oilseeds“. In Omega-3 Fatty Acids, 203–20. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-40458-5_15.

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Hegde, Mahabaleshwar V., Anand Arvind Zanwar und Sharad P. Adekar. „Nutrition, Life, Disease, and Death“. In Omega-3 Fatty Acids, 1–10. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-40458-5_1.

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Puranik, Sarang S. „Emulsions of Omega-3 Fatty Acids for Better Bioavailability and Beneficial Health Effects“. In Omega-3 Fatty Acids, 127–39. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-40458-5_10.

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Mir, Salma Mukhtar, Sanjit Kanjilal und Syed Ubaid Ahmed. „Omega-3 Fatty Acids in Inflammatory Diseases“. In Omega-3 Fatty Acids, 141–55. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-40458-5_11.

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Joshi, Asavari A., Mahabaleshwar V. Hegde und Sharad P. Adekar. „Omega-3 Fatty Acids in Cancer: Insight into the Mechanism of Actions in Preclinical Cancer Models“. In Omega-3 Fatty Acids, 157–71. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-40458-5_12.

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Shafie, Siti Raihanah, Hemant Poudyal, Sunil K. Panchal und Lindsay Brown. „Linseed as a Functional Food for the Management of Obesity“. In Omega-3 Fatty Acids, 173–87. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-40458-5_13.

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Huerta, Ana Elsa, Laura M. Laiglesia, Leyre Martínez-Fernández und Maria J. Moreno-Aliaga. „Role of Omega-3 Fatty Acids in Metabolic Syndrome“. In Omega-3 Fatty Acids, 189–202. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-40458-5_14.

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Mali, A. V., S. S. Bhise und Surendra S. Katyare. „Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Diabetic Complications“. In Omega-3 Fatty Acids, 221–27. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-40458-5_16.

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Konferenzberichte zum Thema "Omega-3 fatty acids"

Schick, Paul K., Barbara P. Schick und Pat Webster. „THE EFFECT OF OMEGA 3 FATTY ACIDS ON MEGAKARYOCYTE ARACHIDONIC ACID METABOLISM“. In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1642953.

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Dietary omega 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids are thought to prevent atherosclerosis. It has been proposed that omega 3 fatty acids modify platelet arachidonic acid (20:4) metabolism and platelet function and thereby reduce the incidence of thrombosis. We have previously shown that megakaryocytes (MK), like platelets, contain large amounts of esterified 20:4. The study addresses the following questions: 1) Do omega 3 fatty acids have a primary action on 20:4 metabolism in MK rather than in platelets. 2) Do omega 3 marine oils, docosahexaenoic acid (22:6) and eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5), have a different effect on megakaryocyte 20:4 metabolism than does alpha linolenic acid (18:3), the major omega-3 fatty acid present in normal diets? 3) How do omega-3 fatty acids modify megakaryocyte 20:4 acid metabolism? MK and platelets were isolated from guinea pigs. Isolated cells were incubated with radiolabeled 20:4 acid and unlabeled 18:3, 20:5 or 22:6. Incubations were terminated by lipid extraction, lipid classes were separated by thin-layer chromatography and the incorporation of radiolabeled 20:4 into lipid species was measured by scintillation spectrometry.MK (106) can incorporate about 4 times more 20:4 than 109 platelets. We have previously shown that 20:4 is incorporated into all endogenous pools of 20:4 in MK while platelets appear to have a limited capacity to incorporate 20:4 into phosphatidyl-ethanolamine (PE). Marine oils, 22:6 and 20:5, had similar effects on the incorporation of radiolabeled 20:4 in MK. Both marine oils reduced the total uptake of 20:4 in megakaryocytes but the reduction occured primarily in PE and phosphatidylserine (PS) rather than in phosphatidylcholine (PC) and phosphatidylinositol (PI). Both 20:5 and 22:6 caused a 50% reduction in the incorporation of radiolabeled 20:4 into megakaryocyte PE and PS while only a 20% reduction into PC and PI. There was a striking difference in the effect of 18:3. Even though the incubation of megakaryocytes with 18:3 reduced the uptake of 20:4, the distribution of the incorporated 20:4 in phospholipids of megakaryocytes incubated with 18:3 was similar to that in controls. Thus, 18:3 did not have a selective effect on the incorporation of 20:4 into PE or PS. Whereas megakaryocyte 20:4 metabolism was significantly affected by omega-3 fatty acids, the incubation of guinea pig or human platelets with 22:6, 20:5 or 18:3 did not result in any alteration of the incorporation of 20:4 into platelet phospholipids.20:4 may be initially incorporated into megakaryocyte PC and subsequently transfered to PE and other phospholipids. Omega 3 marine oils, 20:5 and 22:6, appear to have a selective action on the incorporation or transfer of 20:4 into PE and PS. One mechanism for these observations would be an effect of marine oils on megakaryocyte acyltransferase and/or transacylases. Omega 3 linolenic acid appears to reduce the uptake of 20:4 but does not affect the transfer of 20:4 into PE and PS since there was no selective inhibition of uptake into PE or other megakaryocyte phospholipids. The observation that marine oils did not have any effect on 20:4 metabolism in platelets indicated that omega 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids primarily affect megakaryocytes. This phenomenon may result in the production of platelets with abnormal content and compartmentalization of arachidonic acid. The localization of 20:4 in different pools in these platelets could influence the availability of esterified 20:4 for the production of thromboxanes and other eicosanoids. Another implication of the study is that omega 3 fatty acids may have a greater effect on precursor cells than on differentiated cells and tissues and influence cellular maturation.

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Jacobsen, Charlotte, Ann-Dorit Moltke Sorensen und Betul Yesiltas. „Delivery systems for omega-3 oils“. In 2022 AOCS Annual Meeting & Expo. American Oil Chemists' Society (AOCS), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21748/sedt7727.

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Research during the last four decades has demonstrated that oils rich in the highly polyunsaturated marine omega-3 fatty acids, EPA and DHA, have several health benefits. The positive health benefits of omega-3 fatty acids have led to increased use of omega-3 oils for functional foods. However, due to their polyunsaturated nature, omega-3 oils are highly susceptible to lipid oxidation, which decreases their nutritional value, gives rise to off-flavors and leads to the formation of toxic aldehydes during food enrichment and digestion. Development of delivery systems, which allows food fortification with omega-3 PUFAs is a possible strategy to reduce lipid oxidation. This presentation will discuss different types of delivery systems including low and high fat emulsions and micro-encapsulated fish oil using different encapsulation techniques such as spray drying and electrospraying. It will be discussed how different emulsifiers and encapsulating materials will affect the oxidative stability of the delivery emulsion.

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Brenna, J. Thomas. „How does knowledge of omega-3 fatty acids inform the food system?“ In 2022 AOCS Annual Meeting & Expo. American Oil Chemists' Society (AOCS), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21748/cfsw6115.

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With over 40,000 studies published, omega-3s are among most studied compounds in all of biology. We know a great deal about their metabolism, genetics, and nutrition that has not been translated into the global industrial food system. Development and maintenance of the human and general neural function depends on a balanced nutritional supply of omega-6 and omega-3 PUFA. Omega-3s are the most labile of oil components, leading to rancidity during processing and limiting shelf-life. Recent research has clarified the roles of the human FADS1 and FADS2 genes as key to conversion of precursor alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) to bioactive products eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid ((DHA). FADS2 is a promiscuous desaturase enzyme that inserts double bonds at the 4, 6, and 8 positions and acts on at least 16 substrates including numerous saturated fatty acids, while FADS1 is highly specific to 5 desaturation and C20 substrates. FADS gene polymorphisms lead primarily to modulation of circulating arachidonic acid in free living humans, which is likely to influence omega-3 requirements through biochemical competition at many levels. Natural, pre-industrial diets are high in saturated and monounsaturated fats, and supply dietary essential fatty acids at less than 4% of calories. Such diets support endogenous EPA and DHA biosynthesis at relatively robust levels, while diets high in PUFA inhibit EPA/DHA tissue accretion and create a metabolic demand. Recent recommendations focus on gently processed healthy foods rich in shortfall nutrients despite high saturated fat content have been advanced. Dietary intake of EPA and DHA have effects specific to each fatty acid, and both are more efficiently incorporated into tissue than when derived from precursors. Current evidence is that both are required for optimal health.

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Harris, William, und Irum Zahara. „Omega-3 and cardiovascular disease“. In 2022 AOCS Annual Meeting & Expo. American Oil Chemists' Society (AOCS), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21748/rrxh5251.

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Despite the fact that the â€œomega-3 lowers risk for CVDâ€ story is now 50 years old, controversies remain regarding the short and long-term utility of omega-3 supplementation to reduce risk for CVD. The earlier studies (published roughly before 2007) were generally favorable, however a spate of studies published since then were not nearly as clear. The one stand-out in the latter set was REDUCE-IT, which used 4 g/d of EPA ethyl esters (instead of EPA+DHA ethyl esters). In this study, the treated subjects experienced about 25% fewer CVD events than the placebo group. This resulted in FDA approval for this drug for reducing risk for CVD in specific patient populations. The next large study to report out â€“ STRENGTH â€“ was expected to be positive as well (3.1 g EPA+DHA as free fatty acids), but it was stopped early for â€œfutilityâ€ (i.e., the event rates were not different between active and placebo groups). Many hypotheses have been raised to explain these wildly different outcomes, and this has engendered considerable confusion in the field. These hypotheses will be discussed in this presentation. On the other hand, observational prospective cohort studies based on measured blood omega-3 levels (not on fish intake questionnaires) have consistently shown that higher levels are associated with lower risk for CVD (and total mortality). These two different study designs (RCTs vs observational epidemiology) ask different questions. This talk will synthesize these two apparently divergent conclusions regarding the utility of omega-3 fatty acids for reducing risk for CVD.

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Al-Haidose, Amal. „Effect of Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids on Inflammatory Biomarkers in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease“. In Qatar University Annual Research Forum & Exhibition. Qatar University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29117/quarfe.2020.0144.

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Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic progressive inflammatory disease characterised by airflow limitation. Several pro-inflammatory markers are thought to be involved in the pathogenesis of COPD. Cigarette smoking is a major risk factor for COPD, and diet may be a modifiable risk factor for its progression & management. Dietary supplementation with omega3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (omega-3 PUFAs) may be effective therapeutically in patient COPD. Aim: To determine the plasma basal level of inflammatory biomarkers in the study population, to determine the inflammatory biomarkers release from Peripheral blood mononuclear (PBMCs), and to investigate the effect of omega-3 PUFAs, on inflammatory biomarkers released from PBMCs. Methods: Blood samples were collected from 42 subjects; patients with COPD, 15 healthy smokers (HS), and 12 healthy groups (HNS). Selected biomarkers level was measured in Plasma and PBMCs by ELISA. Individual lipid profile analysis was carried out on RBCs fraction. Result: Plasma high levels of CRP and Fibrinogen and low level of CC-16 were observed in COPD patients when compared with healthy controls. The basal release of IL6, IL8, TNFα, and CD31 from PBMCs was significantly differing in COPD and HS groups compared to HNS group. Omega-3 PUFA (EPA and DHA) reduce IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α release from PBMCs. The fatty acid composition of the erythrocyte membranes in patients group was unmodified. Discussion: This study showed that high level of several inflammatory biomarkers that were detected systemically in COPD group might associate with the disease systemic inflammation. EPA and DHA possess the ability to reduce the cytokines production from COPD inflammatory immune cells. Additionally, no correlation was observed between fatty acid profile analysis and COPD.

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Jackson, Kristina, und Nayomi Plaza. „Challenges in proposing omega-3 fatty acid recommendations for the public“. In 2022 AOCS Annual Meeting & Expo. American Oil Chemists' Society (AOCS), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21748/fgey5940.

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Long-chain omega-3 fatty acids, eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids (EPA, DHA), are important nutrients, but they do not have a Dietary Reference Intake (DRI) recommendation. This lack of recognition as essential nutrients makes it difficult to set population guidelines for EPA and DHA (like the Dietary Guidelines for Americans). Challenges in proposing EPA and DHA recommendations for the public are mainly determining which health outcomes reflect a €œdeficiency€ for EPA and DHA and defining the EPA and DHA dose recommendation for the general public and at each life stage. The modernization of the DRI process to redefine what €œpreventing deficiency€ means for each nutrient includes allowing the use of chronic health conditions as signs of deficiency, which may be the path by which EPA and DHA will receive a DRI. A circulating biomarker that links EPA and DHA intake with chronic disease risk is the Omega-3 Index, defined as the proportion of EPA and DHA of total erythrocyte fatty acids. An Omega-3 Index of 8% has been shown to be associated with lower risk of cardiovascular disease and an index of less than 4% is associated with higher risk, and these benchmarks could provide a standard to which intake recommendations could be set. There is evidence that around 50% of the US and Canadian populations are less than 4% and efforts to improve omega-3 status and intake in this population may be the most important for population health, especially for pregnant women. The EPA and DHA dose needed to reach an 8% target from 4% is higher than what can reasonably be achieved through diet (1.4-2.2 g/d; daily fish intake); however, aiming to prevent deficiency, or increase the Omega-3 Index above 4% would be more in line with current recommendations (200-300 mg/d; 2 servings of omega-3-rich fish per week).

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Chen, Chih-Yu, Jingchao Li, Makoto Arita, Chien-Wen Su, Jeiping Li, Shanfu Xie und Jing X. Kang. „Abstract LB-130: Omega-3 fatty acids suppress platelets-associated melanoma metastasis“. In Proceedings: AACR Annual Meeting 2019; March 29-April 3, 2019; Atlanta, GA. American Association for Cancer Research, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs18-lb-130.

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Tent, Michiel. „Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids associated with lower risk of MS activity“. In MSMilan 2023, herausgegeben von Hans-Peter Hartung. Baarn, the Netherlands: Medicom Medical Publishers, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.55788/b101c951.

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Cherif, Maroua, Touria Bounnit, Hareb Al JAbri und Imen Saadaoui. „Improvement of Omega-3-rich Microalgae Biomass Production to Support Qatar Food Security“. In Qatar University Annual Research Forum & Exhibition. Qatar University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29117/quarfe.2020.0035.

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Recently, algae have received considerable interest as one of the most promising feedstocks suitable for animal feed production due to their fast growth, less nutrient requirements and their ability to produce primary and secondary metabolites with high-added value. Different strategies were applied to improve both biomass and metabolites productivities aiming to produce highquality biomass with low cost and high nutritional value. Tetraselmis subcoliformis QUCCCM50, a local marine green alga presenting fast growth, high metabolites content and easy to harvest, was selected as a candidate for feed production. Three different stress conditions were applied to enhance its potential to produce high-value products such as Nitrogen or Phosphorus depletion and high salinity of 100ppt. An assessment of the growth properties and biomass productivity was performed during the growth. After 15 days of cultivation using tubular photobioreactors, the biomass was subjected to metabolites characterization and fatty acids methyl ester profiling. Results showed that the three stress conditions present different impacts on biomass productivity and, lipid quantity and quality. Cultivation under 100 ppt led to the highest increase in lipid content. This culture condition led to 25% increase of the omega-3 fatty acids with the appearance of the docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and a remarkable increase of the alpha-linolenic acid, comparatively to the control. The enrichment of the Tetraselmis subcoliformis’ biomass in terms of omega-3 fatty acids enhance its nutritional value and make it very suitable for animal feed production. The optimized culture conditions obtained from the current study will be applied at large scale to enhance the quality of the biomass towards omega-3 enriched animal feed supplement production, and hence support achieving food security in the State of Qatar.

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Berichte der Organisationen zum Thema "Omega-3 fatty acids"

Balk, Ethan M., Gaelen P. Adam, Valerie Langberg, Christopher Halladay, Mei Chung, Lin Lin, Sarah Robertson et al. Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Cardiovascular Disease: An Updated Systematic Review. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, August 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.23970/ahrqepcerta223.

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Newberry, Sydne J., Mei Chung, Marika Booth, Margaret A. Maglione, Alice M. Tang, Claire E. O'Hanlon, Ding Ding Wang et al. Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Maternal and Child Health: An Updated Systematic Review. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, Oktober 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.23970/ahrqepcerta224.

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Liu, Yiliang. Omega-3 Fatty Acids and a Novel Mammary Derived Growth Inhibitor Fatty Acid Binding Protein MRG in Suppression of Mammary Tumor. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, Juli 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada396066.

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Liu, Yiliang E. Omega-3 Fatty Acids and a Novel Mammary Derived Growth Inhibitor Fatty Acid Binding Protein MRG in Suppression of Mammary Tumor. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, Juli 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada408070.

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Legault, Jenna. Supplemental Project to Assess the Transparency of Reporting Requirements: Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Cardiovascular Disease. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), Mai 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.23970/ahrqepcmeth3.

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Akin, Ella, Zoe Kiefer, Amelia Rangel, Isa Ehr, Samaneh Azarpajouh, Elizabeth Bobeck, Anna K. Johnson, Nicholas K. Gabler, Kenneth J. Stalder und Brian Kerr. The Effects of Dietary Omega 3 Fatty Acids on Commercial Broiler Behavior from Hatch to Market Weight. Ames (Iowa): Iowa State University, Januar 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/ans_air-180814-320.

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Evangelista, Bruno, Alexandra Kastli, Zoe Kiefer, Amelia Rangel, Isa Ehr, Samaneh Azarpajouh, Cheryl Morris et al. The Effects of Dietary Omega 3 Fatty Acids on Commercial Broiler Lameness and Bone Integrity from Hatching to Market. Ames (Iowa): Iowa State University, Januar 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/ans_air-180814-292.

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Gao, Zheng, De-Wen Zhang, Xiao-Can Yan, He-Kai Shi und Xiaohui Xian. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids alter the volume increases of coronary atherosclerotic plaques- a systematic review and meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, November 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2021.11.0013.

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Sukenik, Assaf, Paul Roessler und John Ohlrogge. Biochemical and Physiological Regulation of Lipid Synthesis in Unicellular Algae with Special Emphasis on W-3 Very Long Chain Lipids. United States Department of Agriculture, Januar 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1995.7604932.bard.

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Various unicellular algae produce omega-3 (w3) very-long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (VLC-PUFA), which are rarely found in higher plants. In this research and other studies from our laboratories, it has been demonstrated that the marine unicellular alga Nannochloropsis (Eustigmatophyceae) can be used as a reliable and high quality source for the w3 VLC-PUFA eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA). This alga is widely used in mariculture systems as the primary component of the artificial food chain in fish larvae production, mainly due to its high EPA content. Furthermore, w3 fatty acids are essential for humans as dietary supplements and may have therapeutic benefits. The goal of this research proposal was to understand the physiological and biochemical mechanisms which regulate the synthesis and accumulation of glycerolipids enriched with w3 VLC-PUFA in Nannochloropsis. The results of our studies demonstrate various aspects of lipid synthesis and its regulation in the alga: 1. Variations in lipid class composition imposed by various environmental conditions were determined with special emphasis on the relative abundance of the molecular species of triacylglycerol (TAG) and monogalactosyl diacylglycerol (MGDG). 2. The relationships between the cellular content of major glycerolipids (TAG and MGDG) and the enzymes involved in their synthesis were studied. The results suggested the importance of UDP-galactose diacylglycerol galactosyl (UDGT) in regulation of the cellular level of MGDG. In a current effort we have purified UDGT several hundredfold from Nannochloropsis. It is our aim to purify this enzyme to near homogeneity and to produce antibodies against this enzyme in order to provide the tools for elucidation of the biochemical mechanisms that regulate this enzyme and carbon allocation into galactolipids. 3. Our in vitro and in vivo labeling studies indicated the possibility that phosphatidylcholine (PC) and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) are associated with desaturation of the structural lipids, whereas shorter chain saturated fatty acids are more likely to be incorporated into TAG. 4. Isolation of several putative mutants of Nannochloropsis which appear to have different lipid and fatty acid compositions than the wild type; a mutant of a special importance that is devoid of EPA was fully characterized. In addition, we could demonstrate the feasibility of Nannochloropsis biomass production for aquaculture and human health: 1) We demonstrated in semi-industrial scale the feasibility of mass production of Nannochloropsis biomass in collaboration with the algae plant NBT in Eilat; 2) Nutritional studies verified the importance algal w3 fatty acids for the development of rats and demonstrated that Nannochloropsis biomass fed to pregnant and lactating rats can benefit their offspring.

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Qi, Xue, Hechen Zhu, Ru Ya und Hao Huang. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids supplements and cardiovascular disease outcome: A systematic review and meta-analysis on randomized controlled trials. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, November 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.11.0027.

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