Zeitschriftenartikel: „Oil-structure interaction“

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Amini, Azin, Maziar Mahzari, Erik Bollaert und Anton Schleiss. „FLUID-STRUCTURE INTERACTION ANALYSIS APPLIED TO OIL CONTAINMENT BOOMS“. International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 2005, Nr. 1 (01.05.2005): 585–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-2005-1-585.

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ABSTRACT The most important aspect of the ongoing research project is to develop numerical coupled hydraulic-structural analysis models of oil containment booms. This should be later applicable for investigation of the efficiency limits of a new system of oil spill containment booms called Cavalli system. This system consists of surrounding the oil slick with a special boom and protecting it against waves and currents. It provides the possibility to divide the encircled area in several smaller circles and to increase the thickness of the oil slick inside. The whole system consists of a two-phase fluid (oil and water) and a boom that should be structurally stable for the pressure loads imposed by the fluids. It is finally important to evaluate the behaviour of the flexible skirt under different wave and current conditions, as almost all of existing research in the field have been undertaken for rigid barriers. To assess the behaviour of a flexible barrier fluid-structure interaction analysis is to be conducted. The problem is considered as a fluid-structure interaction problem as the boom usually undergoes large deformations and rotations, which modifies the flow characteristics during operation that is not the case for a rigid boom.

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Chen, Jie, Neng Xi, Jia Jun Yang und Mei Ling Zhao. „Squeeze Oil-Film Fluid-Structure Interaction Analysis by the Finite Element Method“. Applied Mechanics and Materials 401-403 (September 2013): 446–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.401-403.446.

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The squeeze oil-film dampers have been applied to damp out vibration in linear guideway systems of CNC machine tools. An accurate estimate of squeeze oil-film damping effects is significant to predict the dynamic performance of rolling guidance systems. This paper presents a finite element method to solve the fluid-structure interaction problem of squeeze oil-film dampers. Three-node Mindlin plate element is used in the structure domain model. The oil-film behavior is provided by the Reynolds equation of lubrication theory. Both the structural domain and fluid domains are discretized by finite element method. The frequency response functions of coupled systems are derived by considering the oil-film pressures and the structure displacements on the boundary as the coupling conditions. The validity of the frequency response functions is verified by a simple example. It shows that the oil-film thickness has significant influence on the frequency response.

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Fuglem, Mark, Ian Jordaan und Greg Crocker. „Iceberg – structure interaction probabilities for design“. Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 23, Nr. 1 (01.02.1996): 231–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l96-024.

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When designing systems to operate in regions through which icebergs travel, one of the first inputs of interest is the expected numbers of encounters with icebergs. In this paper, geometric solutions are presented for a cylindrical gravity-based structure, a floating production vessel, and a cargo vessel. The required inputs are the average areal density of icebergs, the average iceberg water line length, and the average iceberg drift velocity. Example calculations are presented for the Grand Banks region off Canada's east coast. Key words: iceberg, encounter, probability, risk, design, oil, production, Grand Banks, structure, tanker.

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Yue, Hong Yuan, Jian Yun Chen und Qiang Xu. „Dynamic analysis of 1100 kV composite bushing considering oil and structure interaction effects“. MATEC Web of Conferences 272 (2019): 01011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201927201011.

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The 1100 kV composite bushing is one of the most important components in the ultra-high voltage electrical network. Therefore, the safety and integrity must be ensured during the operation under any conditions such as an earthquake. The primary object of this paper is to investigate the effects of oil in the dome on the dynamic responses of the 1100 kV composite bushing when subjected to horizontal seismic ground motion. The coupled finite element method (FEM) and smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) method is adopted to simulate the fluid structure interaction (FSI) between the oil and the dome. The influences of particle’s distributions on the numerical results and computational efficiencies are discussed. For comparison with the coupled FEM/SPH method, the additional mass model is also performed. The influences of oil oscillation on the time history of absolute acceleration of 1100 kV composite bushing are discussed, as well as the relative displacement and the bending moment at the base of the structure. The results show that the motion of oil in the dome with free surface can limit the vibration of the 1100 kV composite bushing and can efficiently dissipate the kinetic energy of the 1100 kV composite bushing by fluid-structure interaction.

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Yin, Yao, und Yiliang Liu. „FEM Analysis of Fluid-Structure Interaction in Thermal Heavy Oil Recovery Operations“. Sustainability 7, Nr. 4 (08.04.2015): 4035–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su7044035.

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Guimarães, Murilo Menck, Camila Silveira Souza, Maria Rosângela Sigrist, Karina Back Militão Miliato und Fabiano Rodrigo da Maia. „Assessment of interactions between oil flowers and floral visitors in world biomes“. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 134, Nr. 2 (18.06.2021): 366–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/biolinnean/blab078.

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Abstract Specialized glands that produce and store floral oil are found in 11 families of flowering plants, with greater representation in Malpighiaceae. Solitary bees use this resource to feed larvae and for cell lining. Oil interactions have been reported mainly at the population level and in some community studies that have commonly ignored not only the fewer representative families of oil-offering flowers, but also the floral visitors that do not collect floral oil. We have compiled and examined the interactions between oil-offering flowers and floral visitors in world biomes, to describe the structural patterns of the oil interaction meta-network and evaluate the species' functional roles. We reviewed 169 studies, which mainly used a phytocentric approach, reporting 1460 interactions between 214 species of oil-offering flowers and 377 species of floral visitors. Malpighiaceae and bees (mainly oil-collecting bees) were the most frequently investigated. The meta-network of oil interactions showed a modular structure, mainly influenced by botanical families, and core–periphery organization. The most important functional roles were associated with Malpighiaceae and oil-collecting bees, possibly due to their representativeness and geographic distribution.

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장병춘 und 양동욱. „A Study on Fluid Structure Interaction Analysis of the Power-steering Oil Tank“. Journal of the Korean Society of Mechanical Technology 18, Nr. 2 (April 2016): 171–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.17958/ksmt.18.2.201604.171.

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Adeeb M und Sunil Shaw. „Frankincense essential oil extraction and lead compound analysis into cancer cells using molecular docking“. International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences 11, Nr. 1 (07.02.2020): 1080–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.26452/ijrps.v11i1.1939.

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Oil was extracted from Frankincense (Boswellia Sacra) by the soxhlet extraction method and various bioactive compounds were identified using gas chromatography (GC).These compounds can be developed as active pharmacophores.The present study involves the extraction and identification of bioactive compounds and their in-vitro study on the interaction of these compounds to target proteins. Frankincense oil collected from Boswelia Sacra species was subjected to Soxhlet extraction using Hexane solvent and essential oil (EO) was separated using vacuum distillation. Chemical profiling of essential oil was done using GC-MS. Various biological databases like PubChem, Protein Data Bank and software like Argus Lab, Rasmol were used to retrieve and analyze the structural and molecular interactions of bioactive compounds from Frankincense oil with receptor proteins. The target protein structure was retrieved from Protein data bank ligand structures that were downloaded from Pubchem, which was visualized using Rasmol Software. Protein-ligand interaction was studied using Argus Lab software by docking simulations and various docking poses were analyzed.The energy values of docking conformations were analyzed for obtaining the best docking pose & score.

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Li, Zhi Xin, Shi Ming Ji, Xun Lv, Si Chang Xiong, Shen Shun Ying und Yang Yu Wang. „Numerical Prediction of Manufacturing Error in Sliding Panel Structure“. Advanced Materials Research 102-104 (März 2010): 675–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.102-104.675.

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The present work focuses on the numerical prediction of the manufacture quality of a sliding panel structure, in which the mobile components are floating on the immobile components and the 0.002mm thickness oil-film clearance between the mobile and immobile components. The interaction between them is the interfacial coupling interaction. A single-point spring-damping supporting element is introduced to simulate this type of interaction traditionally, in which the torsion of the mobile components is increasing with the supporting element reduced. To analogy the interfacial coupling interaction, the finite centrality supporting method is introduced to study the thin oil-film effect between the mobile and immobile components. And the manufacturing quality is predicting through the numerical study. Compared with the results derived from the numerical and experiments, the manufacturing error is in accordance with each other.

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Tahir, Muhammad, Rafael E. Hincapie, Calvin L. Gaol, Stefanie Säfken und Leonhard Ganzer. „Flow Dynamics of Sulfate-Modified Water/Polymer Flooding in Micromodels with Modified Wettability“. Applied Sciences 10, Nr. 9 (07.05.2020): 3239. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10093239.

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This work describes the flow behavior of the oil recovery obtained by the injection of sulfate-modified/low-salinity water in micromodels with different wettabilities. It provides a detailed microscopic visualization of the displacement taking place during modified water flooding at a pore-scale level, while evaluating the effect of wettability on oil recovery. A comprehensive workflow for the evaluation is proposed that includes fluid–fluid and rock–fluid interactions. The methods studied comprise flooding experiments with micromodels. Artificial and real structure water-wet micromodels are used to understand flow behavior and oil recovery. Subsequently, water-wet, complex-wet, and oil-wet micromodels help understand wettability and rock–fluid interaction. The effect of the sulfate content present in the brine is a key variable in this work. The results of micromodel experiments conducted in this work indicate that sulfate-modified water flooding performs better in mixed-wet/oil-wet (artificial structure) than in water-wet systems. This slightly differs from observations of core flood experiments, where oil-wet conditions provided better process efficiency. As an overall result, sulfate-modified water flooding recovered more oil than SSW injection in oil-wet and complex-wet systems compared to water-wet systems.

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Belostotskiy, Alexandr M., Pavel A. Akimov, Irina N. Afanasyeva, Anton R. Usmanov, Sergey V. Scherbina und Vladislav V. Vershinin. „Numerical Simulation of Oil Tank Behavior Under Seismic Excitation. Fluid – Structure Interaction Problem Solution“. Procedia Engineering 111 (2015): 115–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2015.07.064.

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Fong, Kah Soon, und Airil Yasreen Mohd Yassin. „Fluid-Structure Interaction (FSI) of Damped Oil Conveying Pipeline System by Finite Element Method“. MATEC Web of Conferences 111 (2017): 01005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201711101005.

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Lin, Wei-Ting, Yuan-Chieh Wu, Chin-Cheng Huang, An Cheng und Ta-Yuan Han. „Soil Structure Interaction Analysis of Diesel Oil Storage Tank in a Nuclear Power Plant“. Advanced Science Letters 8, Nr. 1 (15.04.2012): 130–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/asl.2012.2371.

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Tawakkal, Muhammad Iqbal, Damayanti Buchori, Akhmad Rizali, Adha Sari und Pudjianto Pudjianto. „Parasitoid Diversity and Host-Parasitoid Interaction in Oil Palm Plantations with Different Management System“. Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia 23, Nr. 1 (03.07.2019): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/jpti.31232.

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Parasitoids play an important role in controlling pests, including pests of oil palm. To maximize biological control technique using parasitoids, interactions between pests and parasitoids need to be studied. This research aimed to study parasitoid diversity and host-parasitoid interaction in oil palm plantation with the different management system. The field research was conducted in oil palm plantation own by smallholder and company (PT Humusindo) in Jambi. Sampling insects was conducted by collecting pests (parasitoid host) on oil palm trees with age of four years old. Eggs, larvae, and pupae of the pests were taken directly by hand then reared in the laboratory to know their parasitoids. Pests and parasitoids emerged were identified up to morphospecies or species level. A total of 176 lepidopteran pests consisting of 15 morphospecies and 6 families, and 650 parasitoids consisting of 21 morphospecies and 12 families have been collected. Nine morphospecies of pests from 25 individuals were found in smallholder plantation and 14 morphospecies of pests from 151 individuals in company plantation. Eight morphospecies of 26 parasitoids were found in smallholder plantations and 8 morphospecies of 624 parasitoids in the company plantation. The interaction structure between pests and parasitoids is more complex in the company plantation than in smallholder plantations. Family Braconidae and Ichneumonidae are the most parasitoids found and associated with nettle caterpillars. The different of the management system of oil palm plantation did not affect the diversity and abundance of pests as well as their parasitoids in oil palm plantations.

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Gherman, Timea, Violeta Popescu, Rahela Carpa, Maria Rapa, Georgiana Luminita Gavril, Mircea Cristian Dudescu und Dorin Bombos. „Potential Use of Galium verum Essential Oil for Antibacterial Properties in Gelatin Based Hydrogels Prepared by Microwave Irradiation Technique“. Revista de Chimie 69, Nr. 3 (15.04.2018): 575–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.37358/rc.18.3.6152.

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Galium verum essential oil (EO) loaded gelatin hydrogel was prepared by microwave-assisted polymerization method. FT-IR analysis indicated no chemical interaction between the hydrogel matrix and EO. Good swelling behavior, increased thermo- and mechanical- properties was attributed to the synergistic effects of the secondary structure of gelatin after gelation and intermolecular hydrogen-bonding interactions between the hydrogel matrix and EO ingredient�s. Antibacterial activity was investigated by the agar diffusion method.

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Koivunen, Kimmo, und Patrick A. C. Gane. „PAPER INK INTERACTIONS .Impact of oil-binder interaction on pore structure in paper coatings as studied by internal reflectance. Part 2: Relation to structural expansion“. Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal 27, Nr. 4 (01.11.2012): 765–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.3183/npprj-2012-27-04-p765-773.

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Abstract In the case of ink setting on coated paper, s1gmficant decrease of accessible pore volume of the coating matrix can occur due to structural changes caused by swelling of latex hinder particles when contacted with the vehicle of oil-based ink. The impact of latex swelling, reduced network connectivity and the subsequent effects on the dynamic of spatial liquid distribution characteristics within the expanded pore network were examined by a recently established optical retlectance measurement procedure based on the refractive index differences between the coating components and the surrounding medium present in the interparticle pores. GCC model coatings with latex binders displaying differing swelling characteristics were exposed to liquid supersource imbibition without application of external pressure. Effects of both linseed oil and mineral oil on binder swe lling and consequent structural expansion were studied. lt is proposed that the linear retlectance behaviour in the saturated region is related to the mechanical restriction on expansion at the transition between the saturated and partially filling regions of the porous structure, and is consistent with an approximate catenary form in the macroscopic coating dimensional change as a function of depth. A conceptual structural change factor based on the change of retlectance in the saturated region is introduced, and is shown to correlate with the porosity loss values. The results suggest differences in the structural change factors in relation to the equilibrium oil uptake, coating porosity loss, and liquid propagation. The structural change factor also correlates the reflectance gradient within the coating thickness with regard to oil uptake with hinder content as the binder Ievel is increased.

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Zhang, Zechao, Hongbo Liu und Zhihua Chen. „Lateral Buckling Theory and Experimental Study on Pipe-in-Pipe Structure“. Metals 9, Nr. 2 (04.02.2019): 185. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met9020185.

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With the increasing depth of marine oil and gas exploitation, more requirements have been proposed on the structure of deep-sea oil pipelines. The influencing factors of lateral buckling of a pipe-in-pipe (PIP) structure containing initial imperfections and its critical force were investigated in this study by conducting an experiment, a finite element analysis, and a theoretical derivation. The change laws on the influence of initial imperfections of the PIP structure during thermal loading were revealed through an experimental study by using imperfection amplitude and wavelength as parameters. Appropriate finite element models were established, and the influences of initial imperfections, pipe-soil interaction, and the height and the number of centralizers on the global buckling critical force of the PIP structure were analyzed. The formulas of global buckling critical force of inner and outer pipes and that under pipe-soil interaction was obtained by using a theoretical derivation method. A comparative verification with experimental and finite element (FE) models result was conducted, which provided a corresponding basis for steel pipeline design.

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Cherunova, I. V., E. V. Yakovleva, E. B. Stefanova und I. V. Kurenova. „Investigation of industrial contamination of protective clothing at oil industry sector“. Proceedings of the Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies 80, Nr. 3 (17.12.2018): 346–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.20914/2310-1202-2018-3-346-351.

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The article presents the research results of the interaction of the protective clothes surface with polluting components of production facilities of the oil and oil refining industry. The development direction of an oil-resistant clothing segment is proved. The aggressive components of the production environment of the oil sector are substantiated with respect to the protective functions of special clothes. Oil and petroleum products lead to a change in the properties of textile materials. This depends on the concentration of aggressive components in the structure of textile materials. The research results of the interaction of petroleum products with a textile composition of a woven structure with protective properties are presented. Based on the study of 50 suits that have passed the operational cycle of one season, restrictions are established on the areas of the clothing surface of uneven protection. Clothing zones risk-affected loss of protective effect is established. The results of experimental studies of the concentration of petroleum products in textile materials after chemical purification based on the method of gas capillary chromatography are presented. It was found that the main component with a high concentration of pollutants is hydrocarbons from C14H30 Tetradecane to C36H74 Hexatriacontane. The average values of the concentration of hydrocarbons on the purified samples for the main parts of the clothing surface were established. Using the methods of acoustic emission, the experimental level of contact activity of the permeability of the liquid phase of crude oil in the structure of woven textiles at the boundary of media is established. The effect of the saturation of protective clothing by the petroleum fractions on its strength has been experimentally evaluated. The chemical compositions of the active phases were identified on the basis of experimental data. This is the contact materials of industrial pollution at oil refining facilities. Recommendations have been developed to improve the system of individual protection of man during interaction with a polluting environment taking into account chemically aggressive components.

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Deng, Yu Lin, Yu Bian und Fan Lei. „Seismic Response Analysis of Free Long-Span Submarine Flexible Pipelines under Earthquakes“. Applied Mechanics and Materials 580-583 (Juli 2014): 1704–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.580-583.1704.

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Submarine pipelines are described as the lifeblood of offshore oil and it is crucial to ensure the seismic safety of the submarine pipelines. Based on the fluid-structure interaction numerical analysis method and by using finite element software ADINA, the analysis models of the free long-span submarine flexible pipelines under earthquakes were established. By employing dynamic time-history method, the influences of fluid-structure interaction on the seismic response of the submarine pipelines were researched. The results showed that the peak normal stress and the peak displacement of submarine pipelines’ mid-span considering the influences of the fluid-structure interaction are greater than those without considering the influences, and the influences of the fluid-structure interaction on the seismic response of the submarine pipelines will increase with the increase of the submarine pipelines‘ diameter.

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Rio Prabowo, Aditya, Jung Min Sohn und Teguh Putranto. „Crashworthiness performance of stiffened bottom tank structure subjected to impact loading conditions: Ship-rock interaction“. Curved and Layered Structures 6, Nr. 1 (01.01.2019): 245–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cls-2019-0016.

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AbstractShipping time, cargo handling and quality as well as operational cost are main aspects of success in trading and shipping, which leads to high demand for ship safety. During freight shipping is conducted for various cargoes, the ship structure is subjected to numbers of loads, which several of them have been predicted during ship design. Nevertheless, incidental type in form of impact load can deliver massive blow to ship safety and cause immense loss. This phenomenon may be worse than initial condition if structure of chemical-oil carrier experiences impact, which possibly evokes environmental damage to maritime territory. This work is addressed to assess crashworthiness performance of structural part, i.e. bottom tank of chemical carrier. This part is one of center point of oil spill during occurrence of the impact load. The loading conditions are defined as configuration of interaction between ship structure and rock when the ship is stranded on shallow water. A series of data observations produced by finite element analysis (FEA) provide a prediction regarding local member’s motions during the rock breaches lower parts of the bottom tank. Consequences of the plate towards failure are quantified to obtain effect of the selected impact loading conditions to directly involved (main) member and other affected local member.

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Zhao, Lin, Michel C. Boufadel, Thomas King, Brian Robinson und Kenneth Lee. „Experimental and numerical investigation of the formation of Oil Particle Aggregates (OPA)“. International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 2017, Nr. 1 (01.05.2017): 1911–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-2017.1.1911.

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Abstract (2017-187) Oil-particle interactions can result in oil particle aggregates (OPA), which move differently from oil droplets or particles alone. This may alter drastically the fate of oil. Laboratory studies were conducted using the EPA baffled flask and the resultant OPAs were analyzed by confocal laser scanning microscopy. 3D images of the OPA structure provided the evidence of a new theory of the oil-particle coagulation mechanism in turbulent flows. The experimental data was then used to validate the newly developed OPA model, A-DROP, that requires the input of particle and oil properties and the mixing intensity. A new parameter to account for the shape of the particles and the packing on the oil droplets, and a new conceptual formulation of oil-particle coagulation efficiency are introduced in the model to account for the overall behavior of the coated area on the droplet surface. The model was used to simulate the OPA formation in a typical nearshore environment. Modeling results indicate that the increase of particle concentration in the swash zone would speed up the oil–particle interaction process; but the oil amount trapped in OPAs did not correspond to the increase of particle concentration. The developed A-DROP model could become an important tool in understanding the natural removal of oil and developing oil spill countermeasures by means of oil–particle aggregation.

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Huang, Junhao, Jiacheng Li, Yuhong Feng, Fei Xiang, Rui Wang, Jianbo Wu, HuiQiong Yan, Kai Chen, Qingfeng Zhou und Yanfeng Liu. „Investigation of modified sodium alginate-Alkyl glycoside interactions in aqueous solutions and at the oil–water interface“. RSC Advances 6, Nr. 56 (2016): 51068–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ra03650c.

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For CSAD/DGP solution systems, the conformations of complexes change differently with the increase in DGP concentration. For the emulsion system, CSAD–DGP interaction can develop a network structure on the oil–water interface.

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Fan, Ming, James McClure, Yanhui Han, Zhe Li und Cheng Chen. „Interaction Between Proppant Compaction and Single-/Multiphase Flows in a Hydraulic Fracture“. SPE Journal 23, Nr. 04 (07.03.2018): 1290–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/189985-pa.

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Summary Understanding proppant-transport and -deposition patterns in a hydraulic fracture is vital for effective and economical production of petroleum hydrocarbons. In this research, a numerical-modeling approach, combining the discrete-element method (DEM) with single-/multiphase lattice Boltzmann (LB) simulation, was adopted to advance understanding of the interaction between reservoir depletion, proppant-particle compaction, and single-/multiphase flows in a hydraulic fracture. DEM was used to simulate effective-stress increase and the resultant proppant-particle movement and rearrangement during the process of reservoir depletion caused by hydrocarbon production. Simulated pore structure of the proppant pack was extracted and used as boundary conditions in the LB simulation to calculate the time-dependent permeability of the proppant pack. We first validated the DEM-LB numerical work flow, and the simulated proppant-pack permeabilities as functions of effective stress were in good agreement with laboratory measurements. Furthermore, three proppant packs with the same average particle diameter but different diameter distributions were generated to study the role of proppant-size heterogeneity (variation in particle diameter). Specifically, we used the coefficient of variation (COV) of diameter, defined as the ratio of standard deviation of diameter to mean diameter, to characterize the heterogeneity of particle size. We obtained proppant-pack porosity, permeability, and fracture-width reduction (closure distance) as functions of effective stress. Under the same effective stress, a proppant pack with a higher diameter COV had lower porosity and permeability and larger fracture-width reduction. This was because the high diameter COV gave rise to a wider diameter distribution of proppant particles; smaller particles were compressed into the pore space between larger particles with increasing stress, leading to larger closure distance and lower porosity and permeability. With multiphase LB simulation, relative permeability curves were obtained, which are critical for larger-scale reservoir simulations under various effective stresses. The relative permeability of the oil phase was more sensitive to changes in geometry and stress, compared with the wetting phase. This was because the oil phase occupied larger pores; compaction of the proppant pack affected the structure of the pores, because the pores were farther from the grain contacts and thus more susceptible to collapse. It is also interesting to note that when effective stress increased continuously, oil relative permeability increased first and then decreased. This nonmonotonic behavior was the result of the nonmonotonic development of pore structure and oil connectivity under increasing stress.

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Mori, Cláudia L. S. de Oliveira, Nathália Almeida dos Passos, Juliano Elvis Oliveira, Thiza Falqueto Altoé, Fábio Akira Mori, Luiz Henrique Capparelli Mattoso, José Roberto Scolforo und Gustavo Henrique Denzin Tonoli. „Nanostructured Polylactic Acid/Candeia Essential Oil Mats Obtained by Electrospinning“. Journal of Nanomaterials 2015 (2015): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/439253.

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This work aims to evaluate the effect of inclusion of different contents of candeia (Eremanthus erythropappus) essential oil (whose alpha-bisabolol is the main terpene) on the properties of polylactic acid (PLA) nanostructured mats and their relationship with fiber morphology and structure. The interaction occurring between the PLA and the candeia essential oil was confirmed by thermal and microscopy analysis. Addition of candeia essential oil increased nanofiber diameter and decreased the glass transition and melting temperatures of the nanofibers, suggesting lower energy input for processing. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images provided evidence of a homogeneous structure for the nanostructured mats. X-ray diffraction did not show differences in the crystallization of the nanofibers. This ongoing research confirms the possibility of incorporation of candeia essential oil in the production of nanofibers that will be studied for multipurpose applications.

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Senatore, Adolfo, Vincenzo D'Agostino, Vincenzo Petrone, Paolo Ciambelli und Maria Sarno. „Graphene Oxide Nanosheets as Effective Friction Modifier for Oil Lubricant: Materials, Methods, and Tribological Results“. ISRN Tribology 2013 (25.02.2013): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.5402/2013/425809.

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The tribological behaviour of graphene oxide nanosheets in mineral oil was investigated under a wide spectrum of conditions, from boundary and mixed lubrication to elastohydrodynamic regimes. A ball-on-disc setup tribometer has been used to verify the friction reduction due to nanosheets prepared by a modified Hummers method and dispersed in mineral oil. Their good friction and antiwear properties may possibly be attributed to their small structure and extremely thin laminated structure, which offer lower shear stress and prevent interaction between metal interfaces. Furthermore, the results clearly prove that graphene platelets in oil easily form protective film to prevent the direct contact between steel surfaces and, thereby, improve the frictional behaviour of the base oil. This evidence is also related to the frictional coefficient trend in boundary regime.

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Kolvunen, Kimmo, und Patrick A. C. Gane. „PAPER INK INTERACTIONS. Impact of oil-binder interaction on pore structure in paper coating as studied by internal reflectance Part 1 : implications of pore volume loss for print drying“. Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal 27, Nr. 4 (01.11.2012): 757–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.3183/npprj-2012-27-04-p757-764.

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Abstract The absorption of liquid into a pore network structure depends on porosity, pore size distribution, surface free energy of the involved phases, and external pressure. In the case of ink setting on coated paper, significant decrease of accessible pore volume can take place due to swelling of latex binder particles when contacted with the vehicle of oil-based ink. The reduction in pore network connectivity can be detected by an optical retlectance measurement procedure based on the refractive index differences between the coating components and the surrounding medium present in the interparticle pores. In this study, GCC mode l coatings with latices displaying differing oil uptake and swelling characteristics were exposed to liquid supersource imbibition without external pressure. Effects of both linseed oil and minerat oil were studied. In the case of free liquid propagation, i.e. in coatings with low content of binders, a linearly increasing trend of logarithmic retlectance gradient in the coating thickness is observed as a function of time, indicating deceleration of the wetting front propagation in consequence of the establishment of the flow resistive viscous factors at long timescales, and the subsequent approach of the saturation point at the wetting front. In contrast, in the case of restricted propagation, due to high binder content of swelling Iatex particles, a deviation of the logarithmic retlectance gradient from the linear trend is observed as saturation is approached. However, the relationship between spatial logarithmic retlectance gradient and liquid uptake per unit cross-sectional porosity continues to follow linear trends irrespective of the binder if the porosity is corrected for the loss due to swelling, thus enabling the effect of the binder on the structure to be studied in isolation.

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TAKAHASHI, Kenta, Ryo TSUBOI und Shinya SASAKI. „Investigation of oil lubricant flow on the textured surface utilizing three-dimensional Fluid-Structure Interaction analysis“. Proceedings of the Machine Design and Tribology Division meeting in JSME 2018.18 (2018): 2C1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmemdt.2018.18.2c1-3.

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Warne, M. St J., D. W. Connell und D. W. Hawker. „The Ecotoxicology of Shale Oil Components to Marine Bacteria“. Water Science and Technology 21, Nr. 2 (01.02.1989): 135–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1989.0040.

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The toxicity of 32 shale oil components to a mixed marine bacterial culture and the mode of toxic joint action in mixtures of the components was assessed. The great bulk of shale oil (alkanes and alkenes) was of very low toxicity. The Pyridlnes were the most hazardous group of compounds tested. Based on differences in chemical structure It was not possible to predict the mode of joint action between compounds. The form of interaction in mixtures was both additive and synerglstlc. Thus the addition of the toxicity of Individual components of shale oil would greatly underestimate the oil's true toxicity.

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Fanourgakis, S. D., D. E. Mazarakos und V. Kostopoulos. „Fluid – structure interaction study for the DIFIS System’s composite riser tube“. Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Sciences 12, Nr. 4 (27.12.2018): 4243–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.15282/jmes.12.4.2018.19.0365.

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DIFIS System was developed for oil recovery from shipwrecks and for the elimination of the pollution threat during EU FP-6 framework. The installation time’s reduction in cases of environmental pollution is a crucial factor for DIFIS system design. In the current work, the polyethylene riser tube parts (15 meter) of DIFIS System was replaced by a composite riser tube parts (30 meter) succeeding lower installation time for the DIFIS’s riser. The analysis and development of composite riser was based on the verified 2 – way fluid structure interaction (FSI) results from polyethylene riser. A methodology based on polyethylene riser’s normal modes (target values) was proposed and the composite riser’s structural integrity was investigated in order to reach these target values. The normal modes analysis and the 2 – way fluid structure interaction simulation were performed in ABAQUS software. The composite riser’s dynamic response under sea current is significant better than polyethylene riser (lower displacements in both axes, parallel and vertical to flow). In overall, the time reduction of the DIFIS’ risers installation by 40% was achieved, using longer riser parts.

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Malozemov, A. V., und Sergey N. Kharlamov. „The Study of Flaws of High-Viscosity Fluids in Interaction with Peripheral Annular Water Flow in Complex Pipelines“. Applied Mechanics and Materials 565 (Juni 2014): 152–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.565.152.

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In this paper the structure is investigated of three-dimensional flows of rheological complex media (water-oil mixtures) in pipes and channels with long and short sections of constant and variable cross-sections. This is operating units of equipment for the oil and gas industry and power engineering. The steady and unsteady modes flows are modeling of oil-water environments in the internal systems. The ability analyzed of a low-viscosity two-phase structure of the movement to regroup in the peripheral region of the pipe wall with a higher shear stress. We study the pattern of change: coefficient of friction reducing its relatively high viscosity of the nucleus by forming a water ring, local hydrodynamic parameters for complex mixtures flow. The mechanisms are obtained of the influence of flow regimes on the phase boundary. Marked parts modeling of flow profile with immiscible phases within the system full equations of two-phase flow dynamics with allowance for the effects of interfacial interaction. The particular boundary conditions discussed for these flows. The reliability calculation estimated by comparison with the existing data of similar flows (for example, A.Wegmann and P.R. Rohr’s results).

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Luo, Min, Ting Ting Xu, Ting Ting Zhao, Wen Xin Zhao und Ju Bao Liu. „Dynamic Analysis of Rotary Drillstring in Horizontal Well Based on the Fluid-Structure Interaction“. Applied Mechanics and Materials 385-386 (August 2013): 146–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.385-386.146.

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With the development of drilling technology, rotary drillstring not only produces random multi-directional collisions with the inner wall of pipe, also couples with the inner and outer annular fluids. This results in a complex system of nonlinear fluid-structure interaction. In the paper, structure and mode of operation about rotary drillstring are considered, the equations of the structure dynamics, fluid equation of continuity and momentum equation are coupled. The three-dimensional numerical model and computational method is established about the fluidstructure interaction dynamic analysis of rotary drillstring. Take the rotary drillstring and inner and outer fluids as a research object, dynamic analysis of the rotary drillstring is finished, considering the fluid-structure coupled characteristics and compare the air medium, the results show the effect of fluidstructure interaction. It can provide the feasible method for the study of the string in the oil drilling and production engineering and conduct the development of drillstring dynamics in horizontal well drilling engineering.

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Elfaki, Mohamed, Mohammad Shakir Nasif und Masdi Muhammad. „Effect of Changing Crude Oil Grade on Slug Characteristics and Flow Induced Mechanical Stresses in Pipes“. Applied Sciences 11, Nr. 11 (04.06.2021): 5215. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11115215.

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Slug multiphase flow is known to be the most prevalent regime because of its extensive encounters associated with chaotic behaviour, complexity and instability that cause significant fluctuations in operating conditions and thus lead to undesirable effects. In this study, the effect of varying crude oil grades on slug characteristics is numerically investigated. A partitioned one-way coupling framework of fluid–structure interaction (FSI) one-way coupling framework is adopted to investigate the influence of changing oil grades and slug characteristics on the maximum induced stresses in horizontal carbon steel pipe. It was found that increasing crude oil density causes frequent slugging and promotes the formation of liquid slugs further upstream near the inlet with high translational velocity and short wavelength. Therefore, the maximum induced stresses resulting from the interaction between slugs and the inner surface of pipes are strongly dependent on crude oil grade. In modelling extra heavy crude oil, a 40% increase in maximum induced stresses is recorded when the liquid superficial velocity decreases from 1 to 0.86 m/s at a constant natural gas superficial velocity.

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Sun, Kang, Wen Chen und Jian Ping Tan. „Dynamic Characteristics Study on Hydraulic Impact of Cartridge Valve in High Pressure and Large Flow Depressurization Process“. Advanced Materials Research 510 (April 2012): 350–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.510.350.

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Dynamic analysis software ANSYS/LS-DYNA is applied to fluid-structure coupling simulation analysis of cartridge valve. Transient mechanical properties of cartridge valve and impact characteristics of interaction between hydraulic oil and valve spool in depressurization process were got. The result of study showed that the stability of depressurization process is related to the contacting time between valve spool and valve sleeve. The squeezing time of hydraulic oil is best not more than 0.01s. The peak impact time of hydraulic oil to valve spool in steady depressurization process is 140kN. And the maximum VonMises between valve spool and valve sleeve is 456MPa.

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Olunloyo, Vincent O. S., Charles A. Osheku und Ayo A. Oyediran. „Dynamic Response Interaction of Vibrating Offshore Pipeline on Moving Seabed“. Journal of Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering 129, Nr. 2 (19.10.2006): 107–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2426994.

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The dynamic response interaction of a vibrating offshore pipeline on a moving seabed is herein investigated where the pipeline is idealized as a beam vibrating on an elastic foundation. This problem is of relevance in offshore exploration where pipelines are laid either on or buried in the seabed. When such pipes carry oil and gas, the undulating topography of the sea floor and the internal motion of the fluid subject the entire structure to vibration due to bending forces and form the subject of our study. Our analysis revealed that in general, the seabed acts either as a damper or as a spring and in particular when we have sedimentation, the seabed geology permits the geomechanical property of the sediment cover to act only as a damper. As expected, external excitation will increase the response of these pipes for which an amplification factor has been derived. For soft beds, high transverse vibrations were dampened by increasing the internal fluid velocity whereas they became amplified for hard beds. These results are of contemporary interest in the oil/gas industry where deep sea exploration is now receiving significant attention.

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Li, Sihai, Shicheng Zhang, Yushi Zou, Xinfang Ma, Yao Ding, Ning Li, Xi Zhang und Dane Kasperczyk. „Pore structure alteration induced by CO2–brine–rock interaction during CO2 energetic fracturing in tight oil reservoirs“. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering 191 (August 2020): 107147. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.petrol.2020.107147.

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Zhang, Ai Hua. „Oil Extraction Engineering Data Query System Based on WEBGIS under the B/S Model“. Applied Mechanics and Materials 651-653 (September 2014): 1607–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.651-653.1607.

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In this paper, firstly introducing the B/S structure and the WEBGIS technology, giving a brief understanding; then discussing the oil extraction engineering data query system which based on WEBGIS technology and B/S model; and after analyzing we find that: the oil extraction engineering data query system not only takes advantage of the convenience and flexibility of the Internet which is based on WEB, but also the application of the B/S technology has greatly strengthened its transaction processing and security, thus realizing the real business related WEBGIS, achieving high data sharing and interaction, it is more reasonable in oil extraction engineering nowadays.

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Alotaibi, Mohammed B., Dongkyu Cha, Karam Chand und Ali A. Yousef. „Effects of ions on the characteristics of monolayer at brine/oil interfaces“. E3S Web of Conferences 89 (2019): 04003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20198904003.

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The advanced waterflooding technologies through salinity and ionic content adjustment can make favorable impacts on rock wettability and oil recovery. In carbonate reservoirs, SmartWater at low ionic strength showed strong chemical interactions with carbonate minerals and oil components. As a result, several hypotheses are proposed in literature as ionic exchange, rock dissolution, surface charges and others. The applied macroscopic and microscopic technologies have certain limitations in identifying the structures at interfaces especially at monolayers. In this paper, advanced Sum Frequency Generation (SFG) spectroscopy is utilized for the first time to characterize the chemical structures of molecules at the brine/oil interfaces. Different brines recipes and model oil are tested to determine the effects of individual and combined ions on the monolayer structures. Stearic acid is also mixed with hydrocarbons to mimic the acidity condition of fluids in the reservoir. The change in the chemical structure is mo nitored with time at a broad wavenumber range from 1,000 to 3,800 cm-1. Distinct spectral signatures of oil components and water ions are detected at different pH conditions. The SFG data is compared with the previous macroscopic wettability results to predict the components that are highly affected during waterflooding and enhanced oil recovery (EOR) processes. This study brings new insights on understanding the chemical structures at the thin monolayers of flat and curved geometric at different aqueous interfaces. The measured spectra, coupled with a wide range of laser polarization settings, and signal intensity trends are discussed in terms of composition, and structure of organic and inorganic components. For example, the intensity for SmartWater at certain wavenumber is three folds higher when compared to high salinity water. This indicates that the interactions at oil/water interfaces are enhanced at lower ionic strengths. In addition, these findings are also confirmed with similar behaviors at a higher salinity brine as connate formation brine. The novelty of this interfacial study can provide better understanding of the reaction mechanisms altering the ionic strength and salinity of injection water and its impact due to the changes in geometric interfaces. Such understanding is also crucial to optimize the chemistry of injection water and its interaction with oil components and carbonate rock, to ultimately alter wettability toward water-wet.

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Rivera, Jose L., Pedro Navarro-Santos, Roberto Guerra-Gonzalez und Enrique Lima. „Interaction of Refractory Dibenzothiophenes and Polymerizable Structures“. International Journal of Polymer Science 2014 (2014): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/103945.

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We carried out first principles calculations to show that polymerizable structures containing hydroxyl (alcoholic chain) and amino groups are suitable to form stable complexes with dibenzothiophene (DBT) and its alkyl derivates. These sulfur pollutants are very difficult to eliminate through traditional catalytic processes. Spontaneous and exothermic interactions at 0 K primarily occur through the formation of stable complexes of organosulfur molecules with monomeric structures by hydrogen bonds. The bonds are formed between the sulfur atom and the hydrogen of the hydroxyl group; additional hydrogen bonds are formed between the hydrogen atoms of the organosulfur molecule and the nitrogen atoms of the monomers. We vary the number of methylene groups in the alcoholic chain containing the hydroxyl group of the monomer and find that the monomeric structure with four methylene groups has the best selectivity towards the interaction with the methyl derivates with reference to the interaction with DBT. Even this study does not consider solvent and competitive adsorption effects; our results show that monomeric structures containing amino and hydroxyl groups can be used to develop adsorbents to eliminate organosulfur pollutants from oil and its derivates.

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Malova, T. A., und V. I. Sisoeva. „ТНЕ WORLD OIL MARKET: THE SEARCH FOR BALANCE IN THE NEW "OIL" REALITY“. MGIMO Review of International Relations, Nr. 6(51) (28.12.2016): 115–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.24833/2071-8160-2016-6-51-115-124.

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The article provides an analysis of change of the world oil market in the face of new "oil" reality. Factors of formation of new "oil" reality in the global world defined. Scientific background and current state of research of the problem are described. It is shownthat in the Russian and foreign literature the considerable attention is paid to the analysis of dynamics of the quantitative variables characterizing fluctuations and shocks in the oil market. At the same time the search for balance in the new "oil" reality are not considerably investigated yet. The proposed approach allows toreveal the substance of the transformation of the world oil market, to assess the changes in the oil market with the development of rhenium in terms of efficiency and functioning of the mechanism, the prospects of price volatility in the oil market. The main directions of transformation of the oil market are follows. Development of a subject basis of the oil market due to changes of a role of the main market players whose structure includes the USA, Saudi Arabia, Russia now. The impact of regulatory factors complex in the oil market towards equilibrium, which include activity of OPEC, supply of shale oil, future market,activity of the uniform regulator and national regulators. Transformation of the oil market in the direction of perfection of the competitive relations, achievement of optimum market balance as a result of coordination and interaction of interests of participants of the global oil market.

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Hou, Min, Zhen Qin und Zhong Hao Wang. „The Fine-Structure Interpretation and Favorable Objective Evaluation of Quanyiduan in Fulongquan Area“. Applied Mechanics and Materials 529 (Juni 2014): 286–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.529.286.

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According to the needs of exploration and development, the main purpose of the Fulongquan region layer (Quanyiduan) to explain the fine structure and a favorable objective evaluation. Fine structural interpretation based on high-resolution, high fidelity and high signal to noise ratio of seismic data, the use of Landmark Interaction software layer on the purpose well - seismic calibration, determine the target layer of seismic reflection and seismic wave group phase characteristics of other wells in the area of information work carried out under the lateral auxiliary tracking method with variable velocity mapping layers of the structure plan aims to implement the target zone traps. In the structural interpretation based on the use of coherent technology and time slice for fault identification, combined with relevant geological data on the target layer of oil a comprehensive evaluation, selection of a good oil and gas traps, providing for the exploration and development goals.

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Amiraslanova, M. N. „Synthesis of nitrogen-containing phenol formaldehyde oligomers,grafted with vegetable oils“. JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN CHEMISTRY 11, Nr. 8 (16.10.2015): 3819–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/jac.v11i8.2189.

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Synthesis of nitrogen-containing phenolformaldehyde oligomers (phfo), grafted with vegetable oils is aimed at the acquisition of new range coating materials. Oil has been used as an example of soybean and linseed oils. The interaction between phfo and vegetable oil is carried out by means of functional groups as result of the oxidation prosesses on carbon atoms adjacent to the double bond and the functional groups,including oligomer macromolecules. Physical-chemical properties of nitrogen-containing as result of modification by means of benzoguanamine (bga) monoalkyl (C8-C12)phfo, grafted with soybean oil is reflected. The probable structure of the nitrogen-containing monoalkyl(C8-C12)phfo, grafted with soybean oil has been studied by means of NMR- and IR-spectroscopy methods. The mechanism of the occurrence of first and second stages of the process are described.

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Kang, Teawook, Won-Gi Min, Hyun Soo Rho, Heung-Sik Park und Dongsung Kim. „Differential responses of a benthic meiofaunal community to an artificial oil spill in the intertidal zone“. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 94, Nr. 2 (29.11.2013): 219–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315413001501.

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This study aimed to determine the potential impact of an oil spill on intertidal meiofauna at a clean, sandy beach in Korea. This objective was accomplished by examining changes in the structure of meiofaunal assemblages after a controlled oil spill of different concentrations on the beach. The concentration of total petroleum hydrocabon (TPH) in the experimental plots after oil application was expectedly higher for the first 4 d compared to before oil application. The TPH concentrations decreased at a faster rate in the first 4 d, and then progressively. The sharp decline in meiofaunal density in the experimental plots during the first 4 d after the spill might be attributed to the short-term toxic effects of the oil. This suggestion is supported by a significant negative interaction of the TPH on meiofaunal density during the study period. The period of low density of meiofauna also coincided with the maximum concentration of TPH in the sediment. The multivariate indices proved to be highly efficient, showing that samples contaminated with oil had high TPH concentrations, and were partially separated in terms of meiofaunal communities from samples before oil application or samples with low TPH concentrations. The structure of the meiofaunal communities in the experimental plots was similar before and 1 month after oil application. However, the density of meiofauna sharply decreased immediately after oil application in the experiment plots. Furthermore, the meiofaunal density recovered slowly as time passed.

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Chen, Dongju, You Zhao, Chunqing Zha und Jingfang Liu. „Fluid-structure interaction on the dynamic characteristics of the hydrostatic spindle in micro-scale“. Industrial Lubrication and Tribology 72, Nr. 3 (03.10.2019): 397–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ilt-07-2019-0261.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of fluid–structure interaction in micro-scale on the performance of the hydrostatic spindle and improve the analysis precision of the dynamic performance of hydrostatic spindle. Design/methodology/approach Dynamic analysis of hydrostatic spindle before and after fluid–structure interaction is carried out according to stiffness and damping performance of the bearing, which demonstrates that the natural frequency and peak response of the spindle are increased in the micro-scale. Findings It is concluded from the simulation and experimental results that there is micro-scale effect in the actual operation of the spindle system and slippage exists in the oil film flow. The error between the modal detection result and the theoretical value is within 10 per cent, which also verifies the correctness of the above conclusions. Originality/value This paper analyzes the changes of the bearing performance parameters at macro- and micro-scale, which present the influence of the static and dynamic performance of the spindle in the micro-scale.

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Peryadi, Endang, Fatmawati Fatmawati und Pabali Musa. „KONFLIK SOSIAL MASYARAKAT DENGAN PERUSAHAAN SAWIT ECAMATAN BATU AMPAR KABUPATEN KUBU RAYA“. JPASDEV : Journal of Public Administration and Sociology of Development 1, Nr. 1 (29.07.2020): 94. http://dx.doi.org/10.26418/jpasdev.v1i1.41498.

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Abstract The research is related to the problem of Social Conflict between the Community and Palm Oil Company in Batu Ampar Sub-district, Kubu Raya Regency. The problem is why social tension occurs between the oil palm plantation company and the local community in Batu Ampar Sub-district. The theory used by Marx aims to describe the social conflict between the community and the owner of palm oil plantation company. The method used is descriptive research that aims to explain intensively about the research in question. It includes the background of the current situation, and the environmental interaction of a social unit: individuals, groups, institutions, or communities. The conclusion from the findings of this research about social conflict between PT. Fajar Saudara Lestari Oil Palm Plantation and the community of Batu Ampar Villages, Batu AMpar Sub-District, Kubu Raya Regency is expected to provide input to various parties. Social conflict between PT. Fajar Saudara Lestari Oil Palm Plantation and the community is due to changes in the socio-economic structure of the community from the capacity system through patterns for business. As a result of the entry o the oil palm plantation, there is a grouping of people over the structure of resources, including: groups that have the power of economic resources and groups that have social resources. Key words : Social conflict, Oil Palm Plantation Farmers, Batu Ampar-Kubu Raya

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Beilin, I. L. „Russian Oil and Gas Regions, their Characteristics and Forms of Interaction (the Case of the Volga Federal District)“. Zhurnal Economicheskoj Teorii 17, Nr. 4 (2020): 820–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.31063/2073-6517/2020.17-4.7.

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The article discusses the interdependence of the main economic characteristics of Russian regions by focusing on the amount of oil and gas production in the Volga Federal District. In the regions of this district, matters related to the development of a “horizontal” industrial policy and industrial diversification are of paramount importance. The Volga Federal District ranks second in Russia in oil and gas production and first in hydrocarbon processing. The District’s macroeconomic policy is mainly aimed at enhancing the distribution of excess capital inflows. Investment in fixed assets, the cost of fixed assets in the economy, the volume of shipped goods produced in a region, work and services in mining and manufacturing as well as the balanced financial performance of organizations are expressed through their relationship to this region’s GRP. A pairwise cluster analysis of the main economic characteristics of the regions specializing in oil and gas production per unit of their GRP showed that Orenburg region and the Udmurt Republic have the least developed inclusive institutions in the terms of the efficiency of oil revenue distribution. Further analysis showed the similarity between these regions and Tatarstan in terms of investment in fixed assets. It is concluded that synergistic economic effects from the interregional oil and gas integration of Tatarstan with Orenburg region and Udmurtia are possible. Of all the regions in the Volga Federal District, the problem of depleted oil and gas reserves is the most urgent in Tatarstan. Thus, such integration will allow Tatarstan to solve this problem while Orenburg region and Udmurtia will be able to solve the problem of weak diversification. An interregional financial and industrial group — a diversified multifunctional system of regional enterprises, credit, financial and investment organizations, which will mobilize profits and increase the efficiency of production and financial operations — can become a structure providing the necessary integration.

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Shi, Guolin, Longfei Lin, Yuling Liu, Gongsen Chen, Anhui Yang, Yanqiu Wu, Yingying Zhou und Hui Li. „Study on the Mechanism of Ionic Liquids Improving the Extraction Efficiency of Essential Oil Based on Experimental Optimization and Density Functional Theory: The Fennel (Foeniculi fructus) Essential Oil Case“. Molecules 26, Nr. 11 (26.05.2021): 3169. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26113169.

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In this work, microwave-assisted ionic liquids treatment, followed by hydro-distillation (MILT-HD), as an efficient extraction technology, was used to extract essential oil. The purpose for this was to use multivariate analysis (MVA) models to investigate the effects of potential critical process parameters on the extraction efficiency of essential oil, and explore the mechanism of ionic liquids (ILs). According to the design of experiment (DoE), under optimal process conditions, the extraction efficiency of essential oil was dramatically enhanced, and had low energy demands. Since little is known regarding those mechanisms, according to the non-covalent interaction analysis, the underlying mechanism for ILs improving extraction efficiency was explored based on the density functional theory (DFT). The results showed that ILs could form intense non-covalent bond interaction with cellulose. It helped destroy the network hydrogen bond structure of cellulose in plant cells and caused the essential oils in the cells to be more easily exposed to the extraction solution, thereby accelerating extraction efficiency. Based on this work, it is conducive to understand the MILT-HD process better and gain knowledge of the mechanism of ILs.

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Yang, Biye, Guiyong Zhang, Zhigang Huang, Zhe Sun und Zhi Zong. „Numerical Simulation of the Ice Resistance in Pack Ice Conditions“. International Journal of Computational Methods 17, Nr. 01 (30.09.2019): 1844005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021987621844005x.

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In this study, the ice resistance of ship under the pack ice condition has been estimated using Multi-Material Arbitrary Lagrangian–Eulerian formulation and penalty-based fluid–structure interaction technique. Especially, the hydrodynamic loads occurring during the ship–ice interaction were combined in the numerical model, which could be important for simulating pack ice conditions. The feasibility of the hydrostatic and hydrodynamic performance in the fluid model was verified, respectively. By using an ice field generation algorithm to generate randomly distributed pack ices, the ice resistance of an oil tanker has been calculated and validated by comparing with the empirical formula. Moreover, the necessity to consider water effect in the interaction between ship and ice was also discussed.

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Zhao, Fa Jun, Yong Jian Liu, Bo Zhang, Si Ha und Shi Ping Li. „Additives on Hydrogen Donor Catalytic Upgrading for Viscosity Reduction of Heavy Oil under the Conditions of Steam Injection“. Applied Mechanics and Materials 55-57 (Mai 2011): 57–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.55-57.57.

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Under the simulated thermal recovery condition, fundamental experiments were carried out in the high temperature high pressure reactor to study the aquathermolysis reaction of heavy oil using formic acid as hydrogen donor and oil-soluble organic home-made nickel salt as catalytic. Urea was selected optimally from the alternative chemical addictivess of ammonium carbonate, urea and ammonium hydrocarbonate and its dosage was 20wt%. The affect of the adding addictives in water for viscosity, group composition and element content of heavy oil during the hydrogen donor catalytic pyrolysis reaction, was researched. It was revealed that there mechanism in the heavy oil viscosity reduction reaction process. The addition of addictives had not only some degree of viscosity reduction function, but also synergistic interaction to the catalyzed reaction with hydrogen donor. Compared to the oil sample from reaction without addictives, there was no obvious change on group compositions, the contents of atom C, H, S, N and O nearly kept unchanged. the introduction of addictives basically did not change structure of heavy oil.

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Jaganathan, Saravana Kumar, und Mohan Prasath Mani. „Morphological properties of almond oil constituted nanofibrous scaffold for bone tissue engineering“. Polymers and Polymer Composites 28, Nr. 4 (26.08.2019): 233–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0967391119870413.

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One of the greatest challenges in the bone remodeling is to fabricate the structure resembling the extracellular matrix. This research aims to fabricate a novel bone scaffold comprising polyurethane (PU) added with almond nanofibers via electrospinning technique. The PU/almond oil nanocomposites showed smaller fiber diameter (629 ± 148.92 nm) compared to the pristine PU (890 ± 116.91 nm). The interaction of PU with almond oil was confirmed in the infrared spectrum by the strong formation of a hydrogen bond. The wettability analysis showed that the prepared PU/almond oil nanocomposites were hydrophobic in nature (107° ± 1) compared with the pure PU (100° ± 0.5774). Thermal analysis revealed enhancement of the thermal stability with the addition of the almond oil. The addition of almond oil into the PU matrix increased the surface roughness and blood compatibility properties. Further, the fabricated PU/almond oil nanocomposites showed less toxicity to red blood cells (RBCs), as indicated in the hemolytic assay. Hence, the novel fabricated scaffold possesses better physicochemical properties and is nontoxic to the RBCs, which may be utilized for bone tissue regeneration.

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Barambu, Nafiu Umar, Muhammad Roil Bilad, Mohamad Azmi Bustam, Nurul Huda, Juhana Jaafar, Thanitporn Narkkun und Kajornsak Faungnawakij. „Development of Polysulfone Membrane via Vapor-Induced Phase Separation for Oil/Water Emulsion Filtration“. Polymers 12, Nr. 11 (29.10.2020): 2519. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12112519.

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The discharge of improperly treated oil/water emulsion by industries imposes detrimental effects on human health and the environment. The membrane process is a promising technology for oil/water emulsion treatment. However, it faces the challenge of being maintaining due to membrane fouling. It occurs as a result of the strong interaction between the hydrophobic oil droplets and the hydrophobic membrane surface. This issue has attracted research interest in developing the membrane material that possesses high hydraulic and fouling resistance performances. This research explores the vapor-induced phase separation (VIPS) method for the fabrication of a hydrophilic polysulfone (PSF) membrane with the presence of polyethylene glycol (PEG) as the additive for the treatment of oil/water emulsion. Results show that the slow nonsolvent intake in VIPS greatly influences the resulting membrane structure that allows the higher retention of the additive within the membrane matrix. By extending the exposure time of the cast film under humid air, both surface chemistry and morphology of the resulting membrane can be enhanced. By extending the exposure time from 0 to 60 s, the water contact angle decreases from 70.28 ± 0.61° to 57.72 ± 0.61°, and the clean water permeability increases from 328.70 ± 8.27 to 501.89 ± 8.92 (L·m−2·h−1·bar−1). Moreover, the oil rejection also improves from 85.06 ± 1.6 to 98.48 ± 1.2%. The membrane structure was transformed from a porous top layer with a finger-like macrovoid sub-structure to a relatively thick top layer with a sponge-like macrovoid-free sub-structure. Overall results demonstrate the potential of the VIPS process to enhance both surface chemistry and morphology of the PSF membrane.

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