Thematische Bibliographien / Oil as pesticide

Inhaltsverzeichnis

  1. Zeitschriftenartikel
  2. Dissertationen
  3. Bücher
  4. Buchteile
  5. Konferenzberichte
  6. Berichte der Organisationen

Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Oil as pesticide“

Autor: Grafiati
Veröffentlicht am 4. Juni 2021
Zuletzt aktualisiert am 30. Juli 2024

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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "Oil as pesticide"

1

Liu, Jiangyu, Xinyu Guo, Yong Xu und Xuemin Wu. „Spreading of Oil Droplets Containing Surfactants and Pesticides on Water Surface Based on the Marangoni Effect“. Molecules 26, Nr. 5 (05.03.2021): 1408. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26051408.

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Oil droplets containing surfactants and pesticides are expected to spread on a water surface, under the Marangoni effect, depending on the surfactant. Pesticides are transported into water through this phenomenon. A high-speed video camera was used to measure the movement of Marangoni ridges. Gas chromatography with an electron capture detector was used to analyze the concentration of the pesticide in water at different times. Oil droplets containing the surfactant and pesticide spread quickly on the water surface by Marangoni flow, forming an oil film and promoting emulsification of the oil–water interface, which enabled even transport of the pesticide into water, where it was then absorbed by weeds. Surfactants can decrease the surface tension of the water subphase after deposition, thereby enhancing the Marangoni effect in pesticide-containing oil droplets. The time and labor required for applying pesticides in rice fields can be greatly reduced by using the Marangoni effect to transport pesticides to the target.
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2

Zhang, Ruojie, Zipei Zhang, Ruyi Li, Yunbing Tan, Shanshan Lv und David Julian McClements. „Impact of Pesticide Type and Emulsion Fat Content on the Bioaccessibility of Pesticides in Natural Products“. Molecules 25, Nr. 6 (24.03.2020): 1466. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25061466.

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There is interest in incorporating nanoemulsions into certain foods and beverages, including dips, dressings, drinks, spreads, and sauces, due to their potentially beneficial attributes. In particular, excipient nanoemulsions can enhance the bioavailability of nutraceuticals in fruit- and vegetable-containing products consumed with them. There is, however, potential for them to also raise the bioavailability of undesirable substances found in these products, such as pesticides. In this research, we studied the impact of excipient nanoemulsions on the bioaccessibility of pesticide-treated tomatoes. We hypothesized that the propensity for nanoemulsions to raise pesticide bioaccessibility would depend on the polarity of the pesticide molecules. Bendiocarb, parathion, and chlorpyrifos were therefore selected because they have Log P values of 1.7, 3.8, and 5.3, respectively. Nanoemulsions with different oil contents (0%, 4%, and 8%) were fabricated to study their impact on pesticide uptake. In the absence of oil, the bioaccessibility increased with increasing pesticide polarity (decreasing Log P): bendiocarb (92.9%) > parathion (16.4%) > chlorpyrifos (2.8%). Bendiocarb bioaccessibility did not depend on the oil content of the nanoemulsions, which was attributed to its relatively high water-solubility. Conversely, the bioaccessibility of the more hydrophobic pesticides (parathion and chlorpyrifos) increased with increasing oil content. For instance, for chlorpyrifos, the bioaccessibility was 2.8%, 47.0%, and 70.7% at 0%, 4%, and 8% oil content, respectively. Our findings have repercussions for the utilization of nanoemulsions as excipient foods in products that may have high levels of undesirable non-polar substances, such as pesticides.
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Idris, Herwita, und NFN Nurmansyah. „PESTISIDA NABATI KAYUMANIS DAN SERAIWANGI UNTUK PENGENDALIAN HAMA PENGGULUNG DAUN NILAM Pacyzancla stultalis“. Buletin Penelitian Tanaman Rempah dan Obat 28, Nr. 2 (01.03.2018): 163. http://dx.doi.org/10.21082/bullittro.v28n2.2017.163-170.

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<em>Botanical pesticide is one of the alternatives to control pest and relatively safe for the environment. Cinnamon oil and citronella oil commonly used as botanical pesticide to control leaf roller</em> Pachyzancla stultalis<em> attack on patchouli, hence maintaining patchouli productivity. This study aimed to find the best botanical insecticide formula made of cinnamon oil and citronella oil to control leaf roller attack without decreasing the quality of patchouli oil. Research was conducted in patchouli farmer's plantation in Solok Regency, Kenagarian Gantung Ciri from January to October 2013. The research was arranged in Randomized Block Design with four treatments (Pesnab KM 40, Pesnab SW 50, synthetic insecticide deltamethrin 25 EC and without pesticide as control) repeated six times. Botanical pesticide, Pesnab KM 40 and SW 50, were formulated using 40 % cinnamon oil (KM 40) and 50 % citronella oil (SW 50). The plant tested was one month old Sidikalang variety in polybags. The KM 40 botanical pesticide formula was more effective to control </em>P. stultalis <em>larvae pest than control and SW 50 botanical pesticide, and as effective as synthetic pesticide. The herb yield, oil yield, oil content and patchouli alcohol (PA) content of KM 40 treatment were not significantly different compared to synthetic pesticide, but higher than control. Patchouli oil components such as alpha pinene, beta pinene, limonene, copaene, karyophylen, guanen, allo-aromadrene and gurjunen, was not significantly different among treatments. Botanical pesticides made from cinnamon oil can be used as alternative to control P. stultalis larvae attack in patchouli.</em><p> </p>
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Pramuhadi, Gatot, Zavira Mega Ayu, Muhammad Haikal Kusdian, Riza Fahri, Raesa Firdiansyah Pratama und Anik Rahayu. „Pengabut Semprot Bergerak untuk Pemberantasan Hama Kelapa Sawit“. Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia 27, Nr. 4 (21.09.2022): 481–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.18343/jipi.27.4.487.

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Palm oil (Elaeis guineensis) is a tropical plant that can be attacked by various pests, start from nurseries to plantations, so it is necessary to eradicate pests. Generally, the pests is eradicated by applying pesticides using fogging machines brought down by farmers so that they are ineffective in reaching high plants, and hot smoke from fogging machines can damage oil palm leaves. This study aims to design a tool that can optimize the application of pesticide fog to oil palm plants at a certain height. The tool's design in the form of a mobile spray fogger also aims to facilitate the operator in applying pesticide fog at various heights of oil palm and, simultaneously, can reduce the impact of damage to oil palm leaves. The research method was carried out by testing the performance of pesticide fog spraying in the laboratory and the performance test of applying pesticide fog using mobile spray foggers on the land. Furthermore, pesticide smoke from fogging machines was optimized by combining electric sprayers and air blowers so that pesticide fog is formed, reducing the temperature of pesticide smoke, and increasing the range of fogging. The performance of the combination of outputs from fogging machines, electric sprayers, and air blowers on mobile spray fogger produces a droplet diameter of 94.41 μm, droplet density of 365.44 droplet/cm2, effective fogging range of 8.63 m, effective fogging width of 0.91 m, and an average temperature decrease of 4°C. Keywords: air blower, electric sprayer, fogging machine, palm oil, pests
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Zulkefli, N. F., W. A. Wan Ab Karim Ghani, S. Ali, N. Asib und Y. Chowmasundaram. „Development of bio-pesticides from bio-oil of oil palm biomass waste (palm kernel shell) against Metisa plana Walker bagworm (Lepidoptera: Psychidae)“. Supplementary 1 5, S1 (27.02.2021): 137–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.26656/fr.2017.5(s1).041.

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Despite the abundance of palm-based residues generated, the by-products from thermochemical processing such as bio-oil may create value-added products to the palm industry. The palm-based derived bio-oil contains high aromatic compounds, which are active ingredients in the bio-pesticides formulation. Therefore, this study investigated the formulation of the bio-pesticide from this bio-oil and determines their effect on insect-pest in oil palm such as Metisa plana walker bagworm. Prior the formulation, preliminary evaluation of the compatibility between bio-oil and surfactants such as Tween 20 and Tween 80 as the bio-pesticides ingredient were evaluated using the ternary phase diagram. The compatibility results showed the best formulation is at 20% of surfactant. Based on these conditions, the experiment was formulated using an active ingredient (AI) called azadirachtin extracted from neem seed. The formulated bio-pesticide was tested for its effectiveness towards the mortality of the bagworm. The results showed that the formulated bio-pesticide was able to repel 50% of the bagworm population, with a lethal concentration (LC50) of 22.1 g/mL showing a good indicator as an effective repellent. Hence, this study provided new knowledge for waste management towards zero waste strategy for a better environment and sustainability.
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Liu, Yuanxi, Zuntao Zheng, Hongbin Liu, Dongjun Hou, Hailiang Li, Yaolei Li, Wenguang Jing, Hongyu Jin, Ying Wang und Shuangcheng Ma. „Residual Change of Four Pesticides in the Processing of Pogostemon cablin and Associated Factors“. Molecules 28, Nr. 18 (18.09.2023): 6675. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28186675.

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Before use as medicines, most traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) plants are processed and decocted. During processing, there may be some changes in pesticide residues in TCM. In recent years, reports have studied the changes of pesticides during the processes of boiling, drying and peeling of TCM materials but have rarely involved special processing methods for TCM, such as ethanol extraction and volatile oil extraction. The changes of carbendazim, carbofuran, pyridaben and tebuconazole residues in common processing methods for P. cablin products were systemically assessed in this study. After each processing step, the pesticides were quantitated by UPLC-MS/MS. The results showed amount decreases in various pesticides to different extents after each processing procedure. Processing factor (PF) values for the four pesticides after decoction, 75% ethanol extraction and volatile oil extraction were 0.02~0.75, 0.40~0.98 and 0~0.02, respectively, which indicated that residual pesticide concentrations may depend on the processing technique. A risk assessment according to the hazard quotient with PF values showed that residual pesticide amounts in P. cablin were substantially lower than levels potentially posing a health risk. Overall, these findings provide insights into the safety assessment of P. cablin.
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Waghmare, J. T., A. M. Ware und S. A. Momin. „Neem Oil As Pesticide“. Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology 28, Nr. 2 (Februar 2007): 323–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01932690601062291.

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Waren, Annes, Ratih Ayunigtiyas, Tyagita Widya Sari und Aradana Wahyuda. „Relationship Between Knowledge And Behavior Of Personnel Protective Equipment Usage With Contact Dermatitis In Oil Palm Pesticide Workers“. Jurnal Kesehatan Komunitas 6, Nr. 2 (02.10.2020): 177–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.25311/keskom.vol6.iss2.538.

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Taylor et al., 2008 reported that 80% of occupational dermatoses were contact dermatitis. One of the chemicals that can cause skin disorders is pesticides that are often used in the community, especially oil palm plantation companies (PKS). The use of personal protective equipment (PPE) is one risk control for contact dermatitis in workers. This study aims to determine the relationship between the level of knowledge and behavior of PPE usage with contact dermatitis in oil palm pesticide workers. The research design used was cross-sectional using a total sampling technique that is all workers giving oil palm pesticides in one PKS company in a district of 37 people. The variables used were contact dermatitis obtained from workers' medical records, knowledge using questionnaire instruments, and PPE usage behavior through observation for 3 days with random time. The results showed that 62.2% of workers giving oil pesticides had contact dermatitis, there was a significant relationship between the knowledge of the use of PPE and contact dermatitis (p value = 0.001) and there was a significant relationship between the behavior of PPE use with contact dermatitis (p value = 0,000) giver of palm pesticides. To reduce the occurrence of contact dermatitis can be done by increasing the knowledge and behavior of using PPE. Keywords : Contact dermatitis, pesticide, personnel protective equipment, palm oil
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Feng, Boyuan, Heng Zhi, Hongyan Chen, Bo Cui, Xiang Zhao, Changjiao Sun, Yan Wang, Haixin Cui und Zhanghua Zeng. „Development of Chlorantraniliprole and Lambda Cyhalothrin Double-Loaded Nano-Microcapsules for Synergistical Pest Control“. Nanomaterials 11, Nr. 10 (15.10.2021): 2730. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano11102730.

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Nanotechnology could greatly improve global agricultural food production. Chlorantraniliprole and lambda cyhalothrin double-loaded nano-microcapsules were fabricated to enhance the control of pests by pesticides and improve the pesticide utilization efficiency. The nano-microcapsules were synthesized using a method involving the solid in oil in water encapsulation technique and solvent evaporation. The nano-microcapsules slowly and simultaneously released lambda cyhalothrin and chlorantraniliprole. The cumulative lambda cyhalothrin and chlorantraniliprole release rates at 40 h were 80% and 70%, respectively. Indoor Spodoptera frugiperda control tests indicated that the double-loaded nano-microcapsules were more toxic than lambda cyhalothrin water-dispersible granules, chlorantraniliprole water-dispersible granules, and a mixture of lambda cyhalothrin water-dispersible granules and chlorantraniliprole water-dispersible granules, indicating that the pesticides in the nano-microcapsules synergistically controlled Spodoptera frugiperda. The results indicated that pesticide nano-microcapsules with synergistic effects can be developed that can improve the effective pesticide utilization efficiency and pesticide bioavailability. This is a new idea for achieving environmentally intelligent pesticide delivery.
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Khan, Muhammad Musa, Junaid Ali Siddiqui, Rana Muhammad Kaleem Ullah und Muhammad Fahim Raza. „Effect of different biopesticides on mortality and their synergetic effect on the fecundity of Tribolium castaneum (Herbst, 1797)“. International Journal of PharmTech Research 13, Nr. 3 (2020): 142–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.20902/ijptr.2019.130303.

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Tribolium castaneum is an important stored grain pest. T. castaneum not only caused heavy losses in stored grain products, but it also becomes resistant to many pesticides, which makes pests more important. Synergism is an important tool to reduce the risk of the development of resistance. This study was designed to investigate the toxicity, synergism effect, and effect of the combination of different biopesticides on the fecundity of T. castaneum Results showed that among six biopesticides (Spinosad, Abamectin, Azadiractin, Rosemary oil, Metarhizium anisopliae, and Verticillium lecanii) the spinosad, rosemary oil, and M. anisopliae exerted maximum percent mortality. When these pesticides were mixed and used to assess the synergistic effect. Results revealed that spinosad + Rosemary oil was the most effective combination, and exerting caused more mortality as compared to spinosad + M. anisopliae and rosemary oil + M. anisopliae. Results also showed that the number of eggs laid per day was also recorded less in the insects which were exposed to spinosad + rosemary oil as compared to other treatments. The percent reproductive control was about 43% in spinosad + Rosemary oil combination as compared to other treatments. This study showed that the use of different pesticides with a different mode of action in small concentration can be more effective than a single pesticide with high concentration. This technique will effectively deal with pesticide resistance and also economical for the store owners.
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Dissertationen zum Thema "Oil as pesticide"

1

Brown, Colin David. „Pesticide movement from agricultural land“. Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.238925.

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Frey, Andreas. „Groundwater recharge and pesticide leaching in a Triassic sandstone aquifer in South-West England“. Thesis, University of Exeter, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.297614.

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Liang, Weiguang. „Impact of horticultural mineral oil and synthetic pesticides on arboreal and soil fauna biodiversity within citrus orchard ecosystems /“. View thesis, 2002. http://library.uws.edu.au/adt-NUWS/public/adt-NUWS20030819.153206/index.html.

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Thesis (Ph.D. (Horticulture)) -- University of Western Sydney, 2002.
"A thesis submitted to the University of Western Sydney for the fulfillment of study for a degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Horticulture" "Principal supervisor: Robert Spooner-Hart, co-supervisor: Andrew Beattie, co-supervisor: Alfie Meats" Bibliography : leaves 231-265.
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Hodgkinson, Mark. „Cause and control of oil induced phytotoxicity“. Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 1999.

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Liang, Weiguang. „Impact of horticultural mineral oil and synthetic pesticides on arboreal and soil fauna biodiversity within citrus orchard ecosystems“. Thesis, View thesis, 2002. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/121.

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The results of the 3-year project successfully indicated that petroleum-derived spray oils can be used for effective control of a range of citrus pests including citrus leafminer, Asiatic citrus psyllid, chaff scale, red scale, citrus red mite. The results suggested that it should be possible, through use of horticultural and agricultural mineral oils and enhanced natural enemy activity, to reduce the number of pesticide sprays applied annually in China from 14-16 sprays to significantly fewer sprays in most regions. The results are also valuable as references for the implementation of citrus integrated pest management programs in Australia and other citrus-growing countries. However, despite extensive use of PDSOs in citrus and other crops since the late 1800s, few studies have been undertaken to determine their disruptive effects on orchard ecosystems or to compare their effects with those of synthetic pesticides, and these studies are limited in their sc
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Borges, Luciana da Silva [UNESP]. „Biomassa, teores de nutrientes, espilantol e atividade antioxidante em plantas de jambu (Acmella ciliata Kunth) sob adubações mineral e orgânica“. Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/93492.

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Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:26:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2009-02-12Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:55:00Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 borges_ls_me_botfca.pdf: 911036 bytes, checksum: 28a62dfd0c7afee067eb1dd1f0f9ca48 (MD5)
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
A produção orgânica é um sistema que permite alcançar bons níveis de produtividade, evitando ao mesmo tempo os riscos de contaminação química do agricultor, dos consumidores e do meio ambiente. Pelo fato da planta de jambu ser bastante utilizada como medicamento alternativo e por indústrias de cosméticos, vem aumentando o interesse devido às suas características físico-químicas. No entanto, as pesquisas sobre essa cultura ainda são muito incipientes. Existem poucos trabalhos e uma insuficiente diversidade de análises físico-químicas que possam caracterizar e diferenciar os tipos de cultivo em relação ao jambu. Assim, o objetivo do presente estudo foi analisar o óleo essencial e os compostos antioxidantes em diferentes partes de jambu (folha e inflorescência) cultivado sob adubação orgânica e mineral, além de caracterizar os minerais no solo e nas plantas, nos diferentes tipos de cultivo. O experimento foi conduzido na Fazenda Experimental São Manuel (São Manuel-SP), pertencente à Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas - UNESP, campus de Botucatu) e na mesma época. O delineamento estatístico foi em blocos casualizados em esquema fatorial (2 x 6), duas fontes de adubação (orgânica e mineral) e seis doses de esterco de curral e uréia, com quatro repetições para todas as análises efetuadas, exceto para as características de potencial antioxidante e espilantol, que foram utilizadas três repetições. Os experimentos realizados apresentaram como tratamentos seis doses de adubação mineral (0, 30, 60, 90, 120, 150 g m-2 de uréia), aplicadas parceladas em duas vezes e seis doses de adubação orgânica (0, 2, 4, 6, 8 e 10 kg m-de esterco de curral), aplicadas no plantio. As características avaliadas foram teores de nutrientes na parte aérea, altura de plantas, massa fresca e seca, composição química do óleo essencial, teor de acido ascórbico; potencial...
The organic production it is a system that will achieve good levels of productivity, while avoiding the risk of chemical contamination of farmers, consumers and the environment. Because the plant jambu be widely used as alternative medicine and cosmetic industries, has been increasing interest due to their physical and chemical characteristics. However, the researches on this crop are still very incipient. There is little work and an insufficient variety of physical and chemical analysis that can characterize and differentiate the types of cultivation on the jambu.The purpose of this study was to analyze the essential oil and the antioxidant compounds in different parts of jambu (leaf and inflorescence) grown under organic and mineral fertilizer, and characterize the minerals in soil and plants in different types of cultivation. The experiment was conducted led in (Experimental Farm São Manuel (São Manuel-SP), belonging to the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences - UNESP, campus of Botucatu) and at the same time. The statistical design was factorial (2 x 6), two sources of fertilizer (organic and mineral) and six doses of the kraal manure and urea, with four replications for all analysis performed, except for the characteristics of potential antioxidant and spilantol, which were used three repetitions. The experiments presented treatments as six doses of conventional fertilization (0, 30, 60, 90, 120, 150 g m-2, urea), applied in two split doses of fertilizer and six non-conventional (0, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 kg m-2 of the kraal manure), applied at planting. The characteristics were nutrient content in shoot, plant height, fresh and dry weight, chemical composition of essential oil, ascorbic acid content, antioxidant potential, and presence of pesticides. The results show that the compounds were present in this study were trans-caryophyllene, germacrene D, L-dodecene and espatulenol and... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
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Faye, Mamadou. „Nouveau procédé de fractionnement de la graine de Neem (Azadirachta Indica A. Jussi) sénégalais : production d'un bio-pesticide d'huile et de tourteau“. Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010INPT0070/document.

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Originaire de l'Inde, le neem (Azadirachta indica Juss.) est un arbre présent dans les zones tropicales sèches et subtropicales d'Asie, d'Amérique et d'Afrique. Au Sénégal, il produit en moyenne 50 kg par an d'un fruit sous forme de drupe ellipsoïdale, qui contient en général une graine, d'un poids moyen de 270 ± 30 à 91 % de matière sèche. La variabilité des caractéristiques des graines (45 à 48 % de coques fibreuses : cellulose 52 à 54 %, hémicelluloses 24 à 28 %, lignine 7 à 9 % ; 52 à 55 % d'amandes : lipides 45 à 58 %, protéines 20 à 23 %j) et des huiles extraites (acides palmitiques : 17 à 19 %, stéarique : 14,5 à 17,5 %, oléique : 42 à 48,5 %, linoléique : 16,5 à 20 % ; stérols totaux : 3 à 5 g/kg) est analysée pour 5 régions du Sénégal. L'extraction de l'azadirachtine, principal principe actif phytosanitaire de la graine, par différents solvants (méthanol, éthanol, eau) révèle une teneur de 2 g par kg de graine, localisée essentiellement dans l'amande (3,9 g/kg). Les conditions d'expression de l'huile de graine de neem sont étudiées en presse mono-vis OMEGA 20 et en extrudeur bi-vis CLEXTRAL BC 21. Dans les meilleures conditions, 65 et 68 % de l'huile sont exprimées, 7 à 10 % de l'azadirachtine sont entraînées avec l'huile, et le tourteau contient 14 % de lipides, 14 % de protéines et près de 2 g/kg d'azadirachtine. Le fractionnement acqueux, sous cisaillement intense des graines, conduit à l'extraction de 55 % des lipides, 50 % des protéines et 80 % de l'azadirachtine, séparés sous forme d'une émulsion stable, de composition : eau 70 %, huile 25 %, protéines 4 %, azadirachtine 6 g/kg, et d'une phase aqueuse. L'étude de la mise en œuvre du procédé d'extraction et de séparation, en extrudeur bi-vis CLEXTRAL BC 21 puis BC 45, permet de produire en continu 0,3 kg d'émulsion stable par kg de graine traitée (20 kg/h) avec un ratio eau/graine de 2 et une température de 60°C. Le tourteau ne contient plus que 0,6 g/kg d'azadirachtine, et l'émulsion stable qui en contient 5 g/kg peut être directement mise en œuvre dans les formulations d'insecticide totalement biosourcés
Originally from India, neem (Azadirachta indica Juss.) is a tree found in the dry tropics and subtropics of Asia, America and Africa. In Senegal, it produces an average of 50 kg per year of a fruit as a drupe ellipsoid, which generally contains a seed, with an average weight of 270 ± 30 to 91% dry matter. The variability of seeds (45 to 48% of capsular cellulose 52-54%, 24-28% hemicellulose, lignin 7-9% 52-55% almonds: 45 to 58% lipids, proteins 20 to 23% j) and extracted oils (palmitic acid: 17 to 19%, stearic: 14.5 to 17.5%, oleic acid: 42 to 48.5%, linoleic: 16.5 to 20% total sterols: 3 5 g / kg) was analyzed for five regions of Senegal. Extraction of azadirachtin, the main active ingredient of the plant seed by different solvents (methanol, ethanol, water) shows a content of 2 g per kg of seed, mainly localized in the kernel (3.9 g / kg ). The expression conditions of neem seed oil were studied in single-screw press OMEGA 20 and twin-screw CLEXTRAL BC 21. Under optimum conditions, 65 and 68% of the oil is expressed, from 7 to 10% of azadirachtin are entrained with the oil and meal contains 14% fat, 14% protein and about 2 g / kg azadirachtin. Watery splitting under intense shear seeds, led to the extraction of 55% lipids, 50% protein and 80% of azadirachtin, separated as a stable emulsion, composition: water 70% oil 25%, 4% protein, 6 g azadirachtin / kg, and an aqueous phase. The study of the implementation of the method of extraction and separation, twin-screw extruder and then CLEXTRAL BC 21 BC 45, produces continuous stable emulsion 0.3 kg per kg of treated seed (20 kg / h) with a ratio water / seed of 2 and a temperature of 60 ° C. The cake contains only 0.6 g / kg of azadirachtin, and stable emulsion which contains 5 g / kg can be directly implemented in the formulations of insecticide biosourced completely
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Borges, Luciana da Silva 1981. „Biomassa, teores de nutrientes, espilantol e atividade antioxidante em plantas de jambu (Acmella ciliata Kunth) sob adubações mineral e orgânica /“. Botucatu : [s.n.], 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/93492.

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Resumo: A produção orgânica é um sistema que permite alcançar bons níveis de produtividade, evitando ao mesmo tempo os riscos de contaminação química do agricultor, dos consumidores e do meio ambiente. Pelo fato da planta de jambu ser bastante utilizada como medicamento alternativo e por indústrias de cosméticos, vem aumentando o interesse devido às suas características físico-químicas. No entanto, as pesquisas sobre essa cultura ainda são muito incipientes. Existem poucos trabalhos e uma insuficiente diversidade de análises físico-químicas que possam caracterizar e diferenciar os tipos de cultivo em relação ao jambu. Assim, o objetivo do presente estudo foi analisar o óleo essencial e os compostos antioxidantes em diferentes partes de jambu (folha e inflorescência) cultivado sob adubação orgânica e mineral, além de caracterizar os minerais no solo e nas plantas, nos diferentes tipos de cultivo. O experimento foi conduzido na Fazenda Experimental São Manuel (São Manuel-SP), pertencente à Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas - UNESP, campus de Botucatu) e na mesma época. O delineamento estatístico foi em blocos casualizados em esquema fatorial (2 x 6), duas fontes de adubação (orgânica e mineral) e seis doses de esterco de curral e uréia, com quatro repetições para todas as análises efetuadas, exceto para as características de potencial antioxidante e espilantol, que foram utilizadas três repetições. Os experimentos realizados apresentaram como tratamentos seis doses de adubação mineral (0, 30, 60, 90, 120, 150 g m-2 de uréia), aplicadas parceladas em duas vezes e seis doses de adubação orgânica (0, 2, 4, 6, 8 e 10 kg m-de esterco de curral), aplicadas no plantio. As características avaliadas foram teores de nutrientes na parte aérea, altura de plantas, massa fresca e seca, composição química do óleo essencial, teor de acido ascórbico; potencial... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: The organic production it is a system that will achieve good levels of productivity, while avoiding the risk of chemical contamination of farmers, consumers and the environment. Because the plant jambu be widely used as alternative medicine and cosmetic industries, has been increasing interest due to their physical and chemical characteristics. However, the researches on this crop are still very incipient. There is little work and an insufficient variety of physical and chemical analysis that can characterize and differentiate the types of cultivation on the jambu.The purpose of this study was to analyze the essential oil and the antioxidant compounds in different parts of jambu (leaf and inflorescence) grown under organic and mineral fertilizer, and characterize the minerals in soil and plants in different types of cultivation. The experiment was conducted led in (Experimental Farm São Manuel (São Manuel-SP), belonging to the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences - UNESP, campus of Botucatu) and at the same time. The statistical design was factorial (2 x 6), two sources of fertilizer (organic and mineral) and six doses of the kraal manure and urea, with four replications for all analysis performed, except for the characteristics of potential antioxidant and spilantol, which were used three repetitions. The experiments presented treatments as six doses of conventional fertilization (0, 30, 60, 90, 120, 150 g m-2, urea), applied in two split doses of fertilizer and six non-conventional (0, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 kg m-2 of the kraal manure), applied at planting. The characteristics were nutrient content in shoot, plant height, fresh and dry weight, chemical composition of essential oil, ascorbic acid content, antioxidant potential, and presence of pesticides. The results show that the compounds were present in this study were trans-caryophyllene, germacrene D, L-dodecene and espatulenol and... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Orientador: Giuseppina Pace Pereira Lima
Coorientador: Rumy Goto
Banca: Márcia Ortiz Mayo Marques
Banca: Atila Francisco Mogor
Mestre
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Kazachkova, Nadiya. „Genotype analysis and studies of pyrethroid resistance of the oilseed rape (Brassica napus) insect pest - pollen beetle (Meligethes aeneus) /“. Uppsala : Department of Plant Biology and Forest Genetics, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 2007. http://epsilon.slu.se/200711.pdf.

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Milena, Bečelić. „Uticaj ozona na uklanjanje zagađujućih materija iz površinske vode procesima koagulacije flokulacije i obsorpcije“. Phd thesis, Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Prirodno-matematički fakultet u Novom Sadu, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/NS20070713BECELIC.

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U radu je izvršena karakterizacija sirove (površinske) vode na lokalitetima: akumulaciono jezero, nizvodna deonica do izvorišta namenjenog za vodosnabdevanje, na lokalitetu samog izvo-rišta i na ulazu u poluindustrijsko istraživačko postrojenje. Ustanovljene su sledeće karakteristike sirove vode: eutrofne karakteristike akumulacionog jezera u vremenskom periodu od kraja juna do sredine septembra meseca; fekalna zagađenost deonice od akumulacionog jezera do izvorišta na-menjenog za vodosnabdevanje; veliki raspon temperature u toku godine (4-19ºC); niske vrednosti mutnoće vode u najvećem delu godine uz povremen i kratkotrajan izrazit porast ovog parametra (<1 NTU do >90 NTU); promena sadržaja organskih materija u vodi (izraženih preko potrošnje ka-lijum-permanganata u kiseloj sredini i UV apsorbancije na 254 nm); izražen potencijal za formira-njem nusprodukata dezinfekcije (THM) u toku obilnih padavina. Na poluindustrijskom istraživačkom postrojenju izvršeno je ispitivanje različitih tehnoloških vari-janti pripreme vode za piće iz površinske vode namenjene vodosnabdevanju uz primenu savreme-nih tehnoloških rešenja i adekvatnog tretmana u slučaju ekscesa izazvanih ljudskom aktivnošću. Primenjenim tretmanom vode procesima ozonizacije-koagulacije-flokulacije-sedimentacije-filtra-cije na poluindustrijskom istraživačkom postrojenju zadovoljena je primarna funkcija redukcije opterećenja vode pre odlaska na završno bistrenje procesom filtracije. Ustanovljeni su najvažniji faktori uticaja na mutnoću vode nakon primenjenih procesa: vrsta koagulanta (najbolji efekti po-stignuti primenom Al2(SO4)3 i FeCl3) i primenjena doza ozona (pozitivan, mikroflokulacioni efekat ozona postignut pri primenjenim dozama ozona od 0,5-1,0 mgO3/l). Izračunato je da su pri primeni Al2(SO4)3 kao koagulacionog sredstva dvomedijumski filteri namenjeni završnom bistrenju vode imali najduži filtracioni ciklus. Srednje vrednosti količine uklonjene mutnoće su 2,5- 3,5 puta veće u odnosu na ove vrednosti dobijene pri primeni ostalih koagulanata u fazi koagulacije vode. Značaj primenjenog procesa ozonizacije (doze ozona) uočen je i sa aspekta smanjenja sadržaja prekursora formiranja THM.Ispitivanjem efekta predtretmana vode procesom ozonizacije, primenom vodonik-peroksida i ko-mercijalnog preparata koji u svom sastavu sadrži 25% H2O2 + 0,05% Ag u ozoniranu vodu u cilju redukcije broja mikroorganizama uočeni su pozitivni efekti na log10 inaktivacije pri dozama ozona >0,5 mgO3/l (u slučaju sporogenih sulfitoredukujućih klostridija) i viših vrednosti odnosa H2O2/O3 i H2O2+Ag/O3 (u slučaju ukupnog broja aerobnih organotrofnih bakterija). Prednost primene preparata koji u svom sastavu sadrži 25% H2O2 + 0,05% Ag u ozoniranu vodu ogleda se u većem kapa-citetu eliminacije mikroorganizama i pri kraćem hidrauličkom vremenu zadržavanja vode. Analizom frekvencije pojavljivanja jedinjenja koje prouzrokuje nepoželjan miris vode (geosmin) nakon primenjenih procesa ozonizacije-koagulacije-flokulacije-sedimentacije-filtracije ustanovljena je najmanja frekvencija pojavljivanja ovog jedinjenja (10% od ukupnog broja analiziranih uzo-raka) u vodi nakon procesa ozonizacije i njegova potpuna redukcija primenom koagulanta FeCl3 u fazi koagulacije vode.Pri simulaciji ekscesnih situacija na poluindustrijskom istraživačkom postrojenju (doziranjem sintetičkih organskih jedinjenja pesticida i nafte) utvrđeno je da se primenom procesa ozonizacije-koagulacije-flokulacije-sedimentacije-filtracije uz dodatak AUP u fazi koagulacije vode postiže reduk-cija lindana u vodi za 97%, atrazina 99%, ukupnih ugljovodonika 91% i mineralnih ulja 89%.Svi rezultati dobijeni u toku istraživanja na poluindustrijskom istraživačkom postrojenju posmatra-ni sa aspekta optimizacije tehnoloških uslova pripreme vode za piće i varijabilnog kvaliteta površin-ske vode ukazuju na prvom mestu na neophodnost primene procesa ozonizacije vode i pozitivan efekat unapređenih procesa oksidacije u fazi pripreme vode za dalju obradu, kao i na značaj primenjene vrste koagulanta i aktivnog uglja u prahu u fazi koagulacije i flokulacije vode.
The paper presents the characterisation of raw (surface) water at the following sites: accu-mulation lake, downstream section from the water supply well field at the very site of the well field and at the entrance into pilot plant. The following raw water characteristics have been determined: eutrophic properties of accumulation lake within the time frame from the end of June to the middle of September; faeces pollution of the section from the accumulation lake to the water supply well field; a wide range of temperature during the year (4-19ºC); low values of water turbidity during the largest part of the year, with occasional and short-term emphasised growth  of this parameter (<1NTU to >90 NTU); change in the content of natural organic matters in water (expressed through potassium permanganate consumption in acid environment and UV absorption at 254 nm); ex-pressed potential for disinfection by-products (THM) creation during high rainfall levels.Study of different technological options for drinking water preparation from surface water desig-nated to water supply with application of the latest technological solutions and adequate treatment in cases of accidents caused by human activities has been carried out at the pilot plant.The water treatment composed of ozonation-coagulation-flocculation-sedimentation-filtration applied at the pilot plant satisfied the primary function of reduction of water load prior to departure to the final clarification in filtration process. The most significant factors affecting water turbidity after the applied processes have been determined: type of coagulant (the best effects have been ob-tained by application of Al2(SO4)3 and FeCl3) and the applied ozone dose (positive, micro-floccula-tion effect of ozone has been obtained with the applied ozone doses of 0,5-1,0 mgO3/l). It has been calculated that two-media filters designated to final water clarification had the longest filtration cy-cle when Al2(SО4)3 was used as coagulation means. Medium values of quantity of the eliminated tur-bidity are 2,5-3,5 times higher in comparison to  these values obtained when others coagulants were used in the water coagulation phase. The significance of the applied ozonization process (ozone dose) has also been found from the aspect of reduction of THM generation precursor contents. Investigation of effects of water pre-treatment with ozonation process and application of hydrogen-peroxide and commercial preparation containing 25% H2O2 + 0,05% Ag in ozonized water aiming at reduction of micro-organisms count showed positive effects on log10 inactivation when >0,5 mgO3/l doses of ozone were used (in case of sulphito-reducing clostridia) and higher values of H2O2/O3 and H2O2+Ag/O3 ratio (in case of total aerobic organotrophic bacteria count). The advantage of appli-cation of the preparation containing 25% H2O2 + 0,05% Ag in ozonized water is reflected in higher microorganisms elimination capacity and shorter hydraulic retention time. The analysis of occurrence frequency of compounds causing unpleasant water odour  (geosmin) af-ter the applied ozonation-coagulation-flocculation-sedimentation-filtration processes showed that the lowest occurrence frequency for this compound (10% of the total number of the analysed sam-ples) in water after ozonisation process  and its total reduction after the application of FeCl3 coagu-lant in water coagulation phase.In simulation of accidents at pilot plant (dosing of synthetic organic compounds of pesticides and oil) it was found that reduction of lindane in water for 97%, atrazine for 99%, total hydrocarbons for 91% and mineral oils for 89% is accomplished with application of the ozonation-coagulation-floccu-lation-sedimentation-filtration processes with addition of AUP in the phase of water coagulation. All the results that have been obtained during the researches at pilot plant have been considered from the aspect of optimisation of technological conditions of drinking water preparation and vari-able surface water quality point primarily to the necessity of application of water ozonization proc-ess and positive effect of the improved oxidation processes in the phase of water preparation for further processing as well as to the significance of the applied type of coagulant and active powder charcoal in water coagulation and flocculation phase.
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Bücher zum Thema "Oil as pesticide"

1

Willett, Mike. Using horticultural mineral oils to control orchard pests. [Pullman, Wash.]: Washington State University Cooperative Extension, 1988.

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Willett, Mike. Using horticultural spray oils to control orchard pests. Corvallis, Or: Oregon State University Extension Service, Washington State University Cooperative Extension, University of Idaho Cooperative Extension Service, and U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, 1988.

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Felsot, Allan S. Use of landfarming to remediate soil contaminated by pesticide waste. Champaign, Ill: Hazardous Waste Research and Information Center, 1994.

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McGee, Benton D. Pesticides and oil and grease in selected streams and lakes in northeastern Louisiana, 2001. Baton Rouge, La: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 2003.

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U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Region 6. Success stories--North Dakota. Washington, DC]: U.S. Department of the Interior, Fish & Wildlife Service, 2008.

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H, Benedict J., Treacy M. F. 1957-, Kinard David H. 1945-, Cotton Foundation (Memphis, Tenn.) und National Cottonseed Products Association, Hrsg. Vegetable oils and agrichemicals. Memphis, Tenn., U.S.A: Cotton Foundation, 1994.

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Ismailov, Nariman. Scientific basis of environmental biotechnology practical. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1048434.

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The monograph is devoted to modern biotechnology, which allows to solve urgent environmental problems in all areas of modern society. Described the current use of biotechnological methods for environmental protection. The common assessment of the environment, the analysis bioaccumulating capacity of the biosphere, presented information on bio-ecological potential of human society. Considers the issues of technological bio-energetics, obtaining biodegradable materials, different fields of organic waste, bioremediation of soils contaminated with petroleum products, pesticides, heavy metals, solid waste processing, utilization of oil sludge and drill cuttings, cleaning of soil and groundwater from contamination, the use of biotechnology in the oil industry and others Described the modern problems of organic agriculture and the progress in this area. Discussed microbiological, biochemical and technological fundamentals of these processes. The prospects of the use of biotechnology in integrated environmental protection. Discusses the modern view of ecological culture and ecological civilization in the framework of the problems under consideration. Designed for teachers, students, engineers, ecologists, agricultural workers, civil servants, decision-makers, engaged in the manufacture engaged in the development of programs for socio-ecological sustainable development.
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Mharz, Ulrich. The economics of Neem production and its use in pest control. Kiel: Wissenschaftsverlag Vauk, 1989.

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American Society for Testing and Materials. 1986 annual book of ASTM standards: Section 11, water and environmental technology. Philadelphia, Pa: American Society for Testing and Materials, 1986.

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United States. Congress. House. Committee on Energy and Commerce. Subcommittee on Health and the Environment. Food safety: Hearings before the Subcommittee on Health and the Environment of the Committee on Energy and Commerce, House of Representatives, One Hundredth Congress, on December 14, 1987--Pesticide Monitoring Improvements Act (H.R. 3504); June 21, 1988--Labeling of foods which contain tropical fats (H.R. 2148); June 30, 1988--Pesticide residues in food (H.R. 4739). Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1989.

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Buchteile zum Thema "Oil as pesticide"

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Lentza-Rizos, Chaido, und Elizabeth J. Avramides. „Pesticide Residues in Olive Oil“. In Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 111–34. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-2530-0_4.

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Basantia, N. C., und Hamir Singh Rathore. „Pennyroyal Oil as a Green Pesticide“. In Green Pesticides Handbook, 417–30. Boca Raton : Taylor & Francis, CRC Press, 2017.: CRC Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315153131-22.

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Basantia, N. C. „Lemongrass Oil: As a Green Pesticide“. In Green Pesticides Handbook, 93–116. Boca Raton : Taylor & Francis, CRC Press, 2017.: CRC Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315153131-6.

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Basantia, N. C. „Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) Oil: As a Green Pesticide“. In Green Pesticides Handbook, 73–92. Boca Raton : Taylor & Francis, CRC Press, 2017.: CRC Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315153131-5.

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Castelani, Priscila, Marcelo Catani F. Antunes und Franci L. S. Leal. „Oil Dispersion Formulations: Stability Assessment and Field Trials“. In Pesticide Formulation and Delivery Systems: 35th Volume, Pesticide Formulations, Adjuvants, and Spray Characterization in 2014, 1–14. 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959: ASTM International, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1520/stp158720140129.

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Zhu, Shawn, John Thomaides, Andrew Boracci, Qiwei (David) He und Damien Vadillo. „Polymeric Rheology Modifier for Oil Dispersions“. In Pesticide Formulation and Delivery Systems: 38th Volume, Innovative Application, Formulation, and Adjuvant Technologies, 136–48. 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959: ASTM International, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1520/stp161020170178.

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Roy, Somnath, Gautam Handique, Ranjida Ahmed und N. Muraleedharan. „Sandalwood Oil (Santalum album L.): Source of a Botanical Pesticide—Present Status and Potential Prospects“. In Green Pesticides Handbook, 217–30. Boca Raton : Taylor & Francis, CRC Press, 2017.: CRC Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315153131-11.

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Qin, Kuide, F. Nelson Keeney und M. Paige Oliver. „Assessment of Oil Dispersion Pesticide Formulations Using Rheology and Near Infrared Centrifugation Techniques“. In Pesticide Formulations and Delivery Systems, 30th Volume: Regulations and Innovation, 43–59. 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959: ASTM International, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1520/stp152720120004.

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Costa, Fernanda de Oliveira B., Cíntia Fávaro, Marcelo Catani F. Antunes und Richard K. Zollinger. „Crop Oil Concentrates Comparison: Connecting Chemical Features to Performance“. In Pesticide Formulation and Delivery Systems: 36th Volume, Emerging Trends Building on a Solid Foundation, 49–64. 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959: ASTM International, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1520/stp159520150095.

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Raman, Narayan K., James R. Martin und Erika P. Pedraza. „Vinyl Ester Dispersion Stabilized Oil and Polymer Adjuvants for Drift Reduction“. In Pesticide Formulation and Delivery Systems: 40th Volume, Formulation, Application and Adjuvant Innovation, 86–103. 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959: ASTM International, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1520/stp162720190110.

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Konferenzberichte zum Thema "Oil as pesticide"

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Priyani, Nunuk, Erman Munir, Bintang Sitorus und Nurul Fadhilah. „Biosurfactant-producing bacteria from oil and pesticide contaminated sites, their potency in pesticide degradation“. In Annual International Conference on Advances in Biotechnology. Global Science & Technology Forum (GSTF), 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.5176/2251-2489_biotech15.18.

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Chandrinou, Chrysoula, Dimitra Mandala, George Tsekenis, Dionysios Soulis und Ioanna Zergioti. „Direct enzyme immobilization on SPEs for electrochemical pesticide detection in olive oil, utilizing laser induced forward transfer“. In Frontiers in Ultrafast Optics: Biomedical, Scientific, and Industrial Applications XXI, herausgegeben von Peter R. Herman, Michel Meunier und Roberto Osellame. SPIE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2578245.

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Mashuni, M. Jahiding, I. Kurniasih und Zulkaidah. „Characterization of preservative and pesticide as potential of bio oil compound from pyrolisis of cocoa shell using gas chromatography“. In PROCEEDINGS FROM THE 14TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON THERAPEUTIC ULTRASOUND. Author(s), 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4978081.

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Kurilova, D. A. „Assessment of the impact of the components of the pesticide tank mixtures on seeds of oil flax in the laboratory“. In CURRENT STATE, PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF AGRARIAN SCIENCE. Federal State Budget Scientific Institution “Research Institute of Agriculture of Crimea”, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.33952/09.09.2019.29.

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Yu, Wei. „Detection of Organophosphate Pesticides in Olive Oil with Metrohm Instant SERS Analyzer (Misa)“. In Virtual 2021 AOCS Annual Meeting & Expo. American Oil Chemists' Society (AOCS), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21748/am21.293.

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Cota, Iuliana, Josep Maria Montornes, Magdalena Olkiewicz, Magdalena Szczech, Beata Kowalska, Albert Puigpinos, Cristobal Berna und Bartosz Tylkowski. „Use of encapsulated essential oils with antifungal activity as pesticide for organic agriculture“. In 15th Mediterranean Congress of Chemical Engineering (MeCCE-15). Grupo Pacífico, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.48158/mecce-15.t1-o-33.

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Schols, Bart. „Latest developments in ice condensing in oil refining: the SAFE solution“. In 2022 AOCS Annual Meeting & Expo. American Oil Chemists' Society (AOCS), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21748/hrzp6849.

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The vacuum ice condensing technology (VIC) has been introduced in oil refining since early 90's and has since earned its place in today's modern refineries. Apart from economical savings, the technology also improves the environment as less effluent is produced and less odour is emitted. Ongoing developments have made VIC even more efficient in both capital as well as operational cost. VIC maintains low pressure (< 2mbara) in a deodoriser by freezing vapours on cooled tubes. VIC substantially reduces energy consumption by lowering overall steam consumption. Plant safety also has been improved as ammonia leakage risk is close to zero and most critical hardware, refrigerant storage and chiller, are moved outside the main refinery building.In some areas, use of ammonia is still a concern despite all safety measures. Hence the need to replace ammonia with a safer refrigerant: C02 Today deodorisers can operate even below 1mbara which opens new perspectives for the mild refining of heat-sensitive oils and a more efficient removal of contaminants like pesticides, PAHC's, mineral oil and glycidyl esters. Examples of main technological innovations are given to demonstrate the potential of the new generation Sublimax SAFE system.
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Basaran, Fatma Nevin, Ali Yasin Karahan, Ferda Altuner, Muzaffer Kamilçelebi, Ömer Faruk Kan, Onur Erdemir und Onur Özdikicierler. „Optimization of palm oil deodorization process conditions by RSM“. In 2022 AOCS Annual Meeting & Expo. American Oil Chemists' Society (AOCS), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21748/poaq7749.

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Deodorization is a very critical process in edible oil refining since it is the last step before obtaining refined oil. While it was a simple process for the industry to remove undesirable odor compounds in the beginning, it has become more and more crucial. Nowadays, a proper deodorization process is also used to remove free fatty acids (FFA), color and some contaminants such as PAH, 3-MCPD, pesticides. The principle behind deodorization is passing a stripping agent, usually steam, through a hot oil for a specified time under vacuum conditions. These parameters should be optimized thoroughly to obtain an oil with improved freshness and sensory properties along with less contaminant.In this study, optimum deodorization conditions of bleached palm oil, which may contain or form higher amounts of FFA and 3-MCPD/GE intrinsically compared to other vegetable oils, were determined by keeping steam amount constant. Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was applied using three variables such as deodorization temperature, time and pressure. Deodorization trials were carried out according to the determined RSM experimental design at the Multipurpose Pilot Plant in Besler R&D Center. The analyses of oxidative stability (Rancimat), moisture, Anisidine value (AV), free fatty acids (FFA), Lovibond colour (red), 3-MCPD, Glycidyl esters (GE), and fatty acid compositions were perfomed according to the official methods. Trans isomerization was observed through cis C18:2/C16:0 ratio.Significant factors were determined by performed ANOVA on each model. Consequently, with these significant factors, optimum deodorization condition of palm oil was obtained with 0.87 desirability. The optimization was also verified with several validation runs at the optimum point.
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Tretiacova, Tatiana, Vladimir Todiras und Ana Gusan. „Produs nou biorațional pentru combaterea dăunătorilor în spaţii protejate“. In VIIth International Scientific Conference “Genetics, Physiology and Plant Breeding”. Institute of Genetics, Physiology and Plant Protection, Republic of Moldova, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.53040/gppb7.2021.94.

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The article presents the results of pesticidal activity study of product elaborated on the neem oil base. Bioassays were performed on aphids and spider mites in order to compare the pesticidal activity of new preparative form NEEM-01 with that of the commercial biorational products Pelecol and MatrinBio. The product NEEM- 01at a dose of 10 l/ ha has potential as aphicide and acaricide, although in terms of efficacy in controlling aphids and mites it is different. NEEM-01 was quite effective against the aphid population compared to spider mites, which are more mobile, ceasing to feed on the treated leaf. A higher mortality of pests with higher biological efficacy of NEEM- 01 was achieved after two treat-ments with an interval of 10 days between them. The results are preliminary, the research continues.
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Spencer, Sierra, Malia Scott und Nelson Macken. „A Life Cycle Assessment of Biofuel Produced From Waste Cooking Oil“. In ASME 2018 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2018-86301.

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Biofuels have received considerable attention as a more sustainable solution for heating applications. Used vegetable oil, normally considered a waste product, has been suggested as a possible candidate. Herein we perform a life cycle assessment to determine the environmental impact of using waste vegetable oil as a fuel. We present a cradle to fuel model that includes the following unit processes: soybean farming, soy oil refining, the cooking process, cleaning/drying waste oil, preheating the oil in a centralized heating facility and transportation when required. For soybean farming, national historical data for yields, energy required for machinery, fertilizers (nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium), herbicides, pesticides and nitrous oxide production are considered. In soy oil refining, steam production using natural gas and electricity for machinery are considered inputs. Preprocessing, extraction using hexane and post processing are considered. In order to determine a mass balance for the cooking operation, oil carryout and waste oil removal are estimated. During waste oil processing, oil is filtered and water removed. Data from GREET is used to compute global warming potential (GWP) and energy consumption in terms of cumulative energy demand (CED). Mass allocation is applied to the soy meal produced in refining and oil utilized for cooking. Results are discussed with emphasis on improving sustainability. A comparison is made to traditional fuels, e.g., commercial fuel oil and natural gas. The production of WVO as fuel has significantly less global warming potential but higher cumulative energy consumption than traditional fuels. The study should provide useful information on the sustainability of using waste cooking oil as a fuel for heating.
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Berichte der Organisationen zum Thema "Oil as pesticide"

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Science, Fera. Analysis of CBD Products. Food Standards Agency, November 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.46756/sci.fsa.cis490.

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The Food Standards Agency commissioned Fera Science Ltd. to carry out a survey to obtain a snapshot of CBD products on sale in England and Wales in order to inform FSA risk assessment of CBD products. Thirty CBD products were purchased from a range of online sellers from England and Wales. Samples comprised of two broad categories: oils and sprays, and edibles (including beverages). The sampling followed a scheme suggested by FSA. This is not a statistically representative sample of the market and instead provides a snapshot of the current market, to assist the design of future sampling and surveillance activity. There is the potential for residues of chemicals to be present in CBD products as a result of their natural occurrence in the raw material or arising from the manufacturing process, for example, mycotoxins, metals, pesticides, and the residues of solvents used to extract CBD. This study informs the FSA’s understanding of the type and levels of contaminants that may arise in CBD products. A wide range of analysis on CBD products was undertaken using accredited methods, for heavy metals, Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs), pesticides, mycotoxins, CBD content and cannabinoid profiles. Analysis for residual solvents and additional mycotoxins was also carried out, but these were not accredited. The results of testing found the following: Heavy metals (cadmium, mercury & lead) and arsenic were not detected in the majority of samples, meaning levels were below the limits of quantification of the method. Seven samples contained lead, four samples arsenic and two samples contained cadmium. Mercury was not found in any sample. A definitive statement as to whether products exceed maximum levels cannot be made due to uncertainty as to whether products would be classified as a food (i.e. oil) or a food supplement. A low incidence of low levels of mycotoxins, with Fusarium mycotoxins found more frequently than aflatoxins and ochratoxin A, mostly at the methods reporting limit. Three samples were found to contain ochratoxin A at the methods reporting limit. A total of seven pesticide residues were found across all of the products (each product was tested for over 400 pesticides). There are no specific Maximum Residue Limits (MRL) for CBD products. One oil product was found to have PAHs above the regulated levels, if classed as a product for direct consumption. If classed as a food supplement the PAHs were within regulated levels. Three samples contained residual solvents. One product was over the MRL. Most products contained CBD close to the declared value. Two oils had substantially different levels than that declared (one higher and one lower). CBD was not detected in one of the drink products. These are potentially non-compliant with compositional and standards requirements. Delta 9-THC was detected in 87 % (26) of the samples analysed. Of these 40% (12) were found to have THC+ (the total sum of illicit cannabinoids in the product) above the 1mg threshold outlined in current Home Office guidance (Opens in a new window).
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2

Lehotay, Steven J., und Aviv Amirav. Fast, practical, and effective approach for the analysis of hazardous chemicals in the food supply. United States Department of Agriculture, April 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2007.7695587.bard.

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Background to the topic: For food safety and security reasons, hundreds of pesticides, veterinary drugs, and environmental pollutants should be monitored in the food supply, but current methods are too time-consuming, laborious, and expensive. As a result, only a tiny fraction of the food is tested for a limited number of contaminants. Original proposal objectives: Our main original goal was to develop fast, practical, and effective new approaches for the analysis of hazardous chemicals in the food supply. We proposed to extend the QuEChERS approach to more pesticides, veterinary drugs and pollutants, further develop GC-MS and LC-MS with SMB and combine QuEChERS with GC-SMB-MS and LC-SMB-EI-MS to provide the “ultimate” approach for the analysis of hazardous chemicals in food. Major conclusions, solutions and achievements: The original QuEChERS method was validated for more than 200 pesticide residues in a variety of food crops. For the few basic pesticides for which the method gave lower recoveries, an extensive solvent suitability study was conducted, and a buffering modification was made to improve results for difficult analytes. Furthermore, evaluation of the QuEChERS approach for fatty matrices, including olives and its oil, was performed. The QuEChERS concept was also extended to acrylamide analysis in foods. Other advanced techniques to improve speed, ease, and effectiveness of chemical residue analysis were also successfully developed and/or evaluated, which include: a simple and inexpensive solvent-in-silicone-tube extraction approach for highly sensitive detection of nonpolar pesticides in GC; ruggedness testing of low-pressure GC-MS for 3-fold faster separations; optimization and extensive evaluation of analyte protectants in GC-MS; and use of prototypical commercial automated direct sample introduction devices for GC-MS. GC-MS with SMB was further developed and combined with the Varian 1200 GCMS/ MS system, resulting in a new type of GC-MS with advanced capabilities. Careful attention was given to the subject of GC-MS sensitivity and its LOD for difficult to analyze samples such as thermally labile pesticides or those with weak or no molecular ions, and record low LOD were demonstrated and discussed. The new approach of electron ionization LC-MS with SMB was developed, its key components of sample vaporization nozzle and flythrough ion source were improved and was evaluated with a range of samples, including carbamate pesticides. A new method and software based on IAA were developed and tested on a range of pesticides in agricultural matrices. This IAA method and software in combination with GC-MS and SMB provide extremely high confidence in sample identification. A new type of comprehensive GCxGC (based on flow modulation) was uniquely combined with GC-MS with SMB, and we demonstrated improved pesticide separation and identification in complex agricultural matrices using this novel approach. An improved device for aroma sample collection and introduction (SnifProbe) was further developed and favorably compared with SPME for coffee aroma sampling. Implications, both scientific and agricultural: We succeeded in achieving significant improvements in the analysis of hazardous chemicals in the food supply, from easy sample preparation approaches, through sample analysis by advanced new types of GC-MS and LCMS techniques, all the way to improved data analysis by lowering LOD and providing greater confidence in chemical identification. As a result, the combination of the QuEChERS approach, new and superior instrumentation, and the novel monitoring methods that were developed will enable vastly reduced time and cost of analysis, increased analytical scope, and a higher monitoring rate. This provides better enforcement, an added impetus for farmers to use good agricultural practices, improved food safety and security, increased trade, and greater consumer confidence in the food supply.
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Pereboom, D. P. K. H., W. C. M. de Nijs und J. G. J. Mol. Proficiency test for pesticides in soy acid oil and soybean meal. Wageningen: RIKILT Wageningen University & Research, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18174/419320.

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