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1
Kilani, Meriam. „Multiple product-project decisions coordination support : application to oil and gas development projects“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023UPAST027.
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Le défi majeur abordé dans cette recherche concerne la coordination de multiples décisions interdépendantes qui doivent être prises lors du projet, qu'elles soient techniques, financières ou contractuelles. Interdépendance signifie que prendre une décision sans tenir compte des impacts sur les autres décisions peut entraîner une sous-performance, voire des impasses, des itérations et des reprises. Pour surmonter ce défi, un processus de prise simultanée de décisions multiples a été proposé, en trois blocs : 1/ modélisation du réseau de décisions et formulation du problème multi-décisionnel ; 2/ structuration du problème pour proposer des scénarios pertinents et plausibles assemblés à partir d'alternatives de décisions élémentaires ; 3/ résolution du problème par la sélection et la recommandation de scénarios. La construction du processus de prise de décisions multiples est basée sur des possibilités diverses pour chaque bloc. Le décideur sélectionne parmi un ensemble de choix possibles pour adapter le processus décisionnel à son contexte précis. Pour le bloc 1, nous avons d'abord construit un réseau global qui modélise les décisions étudiées et les interdépendances qu'elles peuvent avoir avec d'autres décisions. Nous avons ensuite indiqué que les graphes et les matrices peuvent être utilisés pour répondre à ce besoin. Les deux méthodes permettent d'inclure toutes les décisions et interdépendances du réseau de décision dans un seul modèle, chacune d'entre elles ayant ses avantages et inconvénients, avec une sorte de complémentarité. Ensuite, pour formuler le problème local de multi-décision, deux approches de clustering basées sur les interactions sont proposées : l'approche descendante (considérant les interdépendances des décisions) et l'approche ascendante (avec un regroupement supplémentaire des décisions basé sur la date d'échéance). Ces deux approches aident à délimiter le périmètre sur un ensemble spécifique de décisions, étant donné qu'il peut être difficile de considérer tout le réseau de décisions en même temps. Dans le bloc 2, pour structurer le problème, deux méthodes basées sur des matrices et une autre basée sur des graphes ont été proposées. Ces méthodes offrent la possibilité de générer des scénarios en considérant les critères de compatibilité et de performance, soit séquentiellement (analyse morphologique), soit simultanément (QFD), soit de manière hybride (exploration de graphe). Pour les deux méthodes basées sur les matrices, un algorithme a été proposé pour faciliter l'identification de scénarios plausibles. Quant à la méthode basée sur les graphes, une heuristique plus légère peut être appliquée en temps réel lors d'une réunion de décision. Enfin, pour résoudre le problème, plusieurs méthodes MCDA ont été répertoriées dans le bloc 3 pour évaluer et sélectionner un scénario recommandé : méthodes d'évaluation absolue, méthodes de comparaison relative par paire, et méthodes de comparaison relative à des points de référence. Selon les acteurs industriels, un tel processus pourrait améliorer les mécanismes de coordination entre les décisions majeures de leurs projets. Même si les décisions sont interdépendantes, elles ne sont pas souvent considérées comme telles, et le processus que nous proposons permet (selon eux) d'avoir une meilleure vision des décisions à prendre ensemble et des conséquences des choix. Une étude de cas fictive, inspirée de projets réels passés, a été utilisée pour illustrer le processus de coordination multi-décision proposé. Nous sommes convaincus que notre recherche fournira une base solide pour d'autres études portant sur la coordination de décisions multiples et interdépendantes dans le cadre de projets complexes, même si certaines perspectives académiques et industrielles doivent être abordéesThe major challenge addressed in this research concerns the coordination of the multiple interdependent decisions that must be made during the project, either technical, financial, or contractual. Interdependence means that making one decision without considering the impacts for other decisions may imply some underperformance, or even dead ends, iterations, and rework.To overcome this challenge, a more adaptable multi-decision-making process has been proposed, consisting of three blocks: 1/ modeling the decision network and formulating the multi-decision problem; 2/ structuring the problem to propose relevant and plausible scenarios assembled from elementary decision alternatives; 3/ solving the problem by selecting and recommending scenarios.Building the multi-decision-making process is based on multiple possibilities for each block. The decision-maker selects from a set of possible choices to adapt the decision-making process to the precise context.For block #1, we have first articulated the need to build a global decision network that models the decisions under study and the interdependencies they may have with other decisions. We have then argued that graphs and matrices can be used to fulfill this need. Both methods allow to include all decisions and interdependencies of the decision network in one single model, each of them having its advantages and drawbacks, with a kind of complementarity.Then, to formulate the local multi-decision problem, two interactions-based clustering approaches are proposed: the top-down approach (considering decision interdependencies) and the bottom-up approach (with an additional due date-based grouping of decisions). Both help to delineate the focus of decision makers on a specific set of decisions, since considering the whole network of decisions at the same time can be challenging.In block #2, to structure the problem, two matrix-based and one graph-based methods have been proposed. These methods offer the possibility to generate possible scenarios considering compatibility and performance criteria, either sequentially (morphological analysis), simultaneously (QFD), or with a hybrid way (graph exploration). For the two matrix-based methods, an algorithm was proposed to facilitate the identification of plausible scenarios. As for the graph-based method, a lighter heuristic can be applied on live during a decision meeting.Finally, to solve the problem in block #3, several MCDA methods have been listed for evaluating and selecting a recommended scenario: absolute compensatory methods, relative pairwise comparison methods, and relative comparison to reference point methods.According to industrial actors, such a process could improve coordination mechanisms between the major decisions of their projects. Even though decisions were interdependent, they were not often considered as such, and our proposed process permits (according to them) to have a better vision of the decisions to be made together and of the consequences of the choices. A fictitious case study, inspired by real past projects, was used to illustrate the proposed multi-decision coordination process.We are convinced that our research will provide a solid basis for further studies on the coordination of multiple interdependent decisions in complex projects, although there are academic and industrial perspectives that need to be tackled
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Akoh, Emmanuel Inalegwu. „Barriers to public participation in developmental projects : a Nigerian community perspective (case study of the Gbaran-Ubie oil and gas project)“. Thesis, Rhodes University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1001869.
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This research paper is broken up into three sections, namely an evaluation report, a literature review and research methodology. The evaluation report section is the assessment of the current state of change readiness within the Eskom Contact Centre’s based upon what the literature on change readiness prescribes. The timing of the change readiness assessment is just prior to significant organisational change. The organisational change that was about to be initiated by the organisation was initiated from the boardroom of the most senior echelons of the organisation, and was directed in a top down approach, being a strategic organisational change. The change is deemed to be critical to the organisation being able to meet its long term strategic and sustainability objectives. A critical examination of the literature explored the meaning of change readiness, the importance of it and explained the consequences for organisations that commit to transformational agendas without being ready. Key concepts such as such resistance to change and organisational inertia are described and differentiated from change readiness. The ADKAR change model and its change readiness assessment instrument were used due to the organisations preference for the model. The ADKAR model formed the framework for the analyses of the data, the discussion of the results and the recommendations to the organisation. The research conducted was quantitative in nature; a questionnaire was distributed to the employees of the seven Eskom Contact centre sites around the country through an email. A slightly modified version of the ADKAR change readiness questionnaire was sent via email with an on-line questionnaire link on it; and questions on individual readiness for change were used to assess the level of readiness of the employees. Most of the descriptive and inferential statistics were analysed with the use of Excel (version, 2010), with Factor Analysis being done in Statistica. The results of the research showed that: [iii] - The factors as proposed by the ADKAR change readiness assessment questionnaire (i.e. Awareness, Desire, Knowledge, Ability and Reinforcement) are not different enough to be considered as independent factors for this data set. Based on factor analysis, the factors were subsequently amended from five to three, namely Readiness, Opportunity Realisation and Uncertainty. - The Contact Centre employees were somewhat ready for change. - The Contact Centres needed to focus on all amended ADKAR factors in order to improve the readiness of the department. - The readiness levels in response to the roll out were more or less uniform. The study shows that given Eskom’s preference for the ADKAR model, future research within Eskom should therefore be conducted more circumspectly with respect to ascertaining the validity of the ADKAR factors. The study also makes mention that future work and/or research will need to be conducted, specifically on the readiness of the organisation itself, in order to improve the probability of transformational success. The ADKAR assessment is a people focused assessment and therefore focuses only on the readiness of the individual. Factors such as the adequacy of the current state of resources within the organisation, which incorporate aspects such as infrastructure, technology and staffing, will also need to be assessed to make a more holistic statement of change readiness. A concise review of the literature is incorporated into the Evaluation Report of Section 1 to underpin the study. In Section 2 a more extensive review of the literature is presented. Similarly, the design of the research is discussed in more detail in Section 3 to both describe and justify the appropriateness of the research methodology, and to give a detailed account of the way in which the research was carried out.
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Mohebbi, Amir Hassan, und Ngadhnjim Bislimi. „Project Risk Management : Methodology Development for Engineering, Procurement and Construction Projects - A Case Study in the Oil and Gas Industry“. Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Fakulteten för ekonomi, kommunikation och IT, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-29142.
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This thesis studies the overall parameters affecting projects’ risks and analyze different methodologies of project risk management in order to narrow down and develop a customized methodology applicable for Engineering, Procurement and Construction (EPC) projects in the oil and gas industry. To approach this goal, Bidboland II Gas Treating Plant project was selected as an appropriate case study. This case project has been analyzed by combining various risk management methodologies, and based on this analysis a new methodology was suggested to the company for risk management. Additionally, necessary changes in the organization have been proposed to handle the project risk issues in different levels with higher performance. The developed methodology can be applicable for other companies involved in EPC projects.
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Nwete, Bede. „The role of soft law in oil and gas project development in developing countries : a study of how this impacts social-legal risks management in the oil and gas industry“. Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2017. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=234033.
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Afidegnon, Kodjo Galevissi. „Success Factors for Power Project Development Businesses in Sub-Saharan Africa“. ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/6502.
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Despite the financing gap in the sub-Saharan Africa power sector, private investors struggle to capitalize on the opportunity because of the high failure rate of power project development companies. Using the conceptual framework of the behavioral finance theory, this multiple case study was conducted to explore the strategies used by executives of 4 companies in sub-Saharan Africa who successfully developed power projects within the last 5 years. Data were collected from semistructured interviews and a review of government and institutions' websites. Yin's 5-phased cycle for analyzing case studies provided the guidelines for data analysis. Three themes emerged from data analysis: market knowledge, stakeholder alignment, and commercial viability. Findings revealed strategies that current and aspiring power project development company executives may use as a guide to mitigate business failure risks. Implications of these findings for positive social change include the potential to increase the power generation capacity in sub-Saharan Africa and provide electricity to many of the 620 million Africans who currently lack access. Implications also include poverty alleviation and economic growth through creation of successful power project development companies.
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Al-Saffar, Ali. „An investigation into the project scope of work role and characteristics, and its development process enablers and barriers in the Oil and Gas Sector : a comparative case study, Saudi Arabia“. Thesis, University of Manchester, 2018. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/an-investigation-into-the-project-scope-of-work-role-and-characteristics-and-its-development-process-enablers-and-barriers-in-the-oil-and-gas-sector-a-comparative-case-study-saudi-arabia(4bf3c4d8-cfc8-4061-b9e5-f95fb45b5ee3).html.
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A critical issue that faces the Saudi Arabia Oil and Gas Sector (OGS)'s projects is the high level of uncertainty in the successful delivery of those projects. That high level of uncertainty makes it vital to monitor and control project performance for limiting financial losses, avoiding cost overruns, and improving predictability. One of the fundamental tools that sets the framework for project performance is the project Scope of Work (SOW). Having an effective project SOW at the front end the project is challenging for project practitioners and is an issue that needs to be addressed; as its development process and output can significantly affect the later stages of the project life cycle. The aim of this study was to develop a clearer understanding of the project SOW role in a project development and to make practical recommendations for its improvement by investigating project team members' perceptions of the SOW development process in two Saudi Arabian Oil and Gas companies. This research adopts a qualitative approach, a case study strategy and focus group discussions to collect primary data. The results suggested that the project SOW development process is the foundation for another twelve key project management processes that need to be considered in order to successfully complete a project On Scope, On Time, On Cost and On Strategy. To be considered effective, the project SOW should have the following four characteristics of: formality, usefulness, effective content elements and effective language quality. In addition, the project SOW should support effective decision making, risk management, project planning and project monitoring and control. The results show that the project SOW in Saudi Arabia OGS is developed in several phases as part of Front-End Loading (FEL) development and final project SOW is developed and approved at the end of the 2nd phase of FEL (FEL-2). It was found that there are eleven key enablers, such as clear vision, targets, and objectives; effective stakeholders' engagement; and effective assurance review process, for producing an effective project SOW. While eleven key barriers for producing an effective SOW were identified such as: absence of reward system; insufficient training programs; and insufficient budget. Therefore, enhancing the key enablers and overcoming the barriers may facilitated improvements in the project SOW development process. This study recommends that companies need to pay closer attention to the design of the temporary organisation and accordingly set their strategy, structure, process, rewards and people. The researcher details some implications, acknowledges some limitations and provides recommendations for future research in this area.
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Ghadhban, Zaid T. „Design of a stand alone fully integrated communications, monitoring and control system for a novel remote sub-sea gas facility“. Curtin University of Technology, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, 2008. http://espace.library.curtin.edu.au:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=120520.
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The growing demand for hydrocarbon fluids, and the future expectation of insufficient onshore reserves, is driving the exploration and development of off-shore oil and gas fields. A significantly increasing number of the new fields are situated in deep water, placing significant constraints on the application of conventional platform (sea surface) systems. This has, by necessity, generated the rapid growth of sub-sea processing technology.An integral part of a novel sub-sea natural gas dehydration project is the need to design and develop a communications, monitor and control system that is extremely reliable within a harsh marine environment. The off shore gas gathering and processing facility will be unmanned, therefore the entire ongoing operation of the sub-sea facility, and any sea surface equipment, will be dependent on the proper functioning of the communication system. System redundancy and low power consumption are also important issues.
The continuous bi-directional transmission of information between the field and shore-based control centres, together with the complexity of any maintenance / repair missions requires an extremely highly reliable system. The prospect of false alarms must be maintained at an absolute minimum.
Within this thesis the history and development of ocean based communications up to current state-of-the art technology is reviewed. Based on the unique and demanding requirements of the sub-sea gas processing facility, detailed recommendations are made for both a primary and back-up communication systems that meet the given criteria of being robust and having very low power requirements.
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Alonge, Funmilayo Ronke. „Financing oil and gas projects in Nigeria“. Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/9158.
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Includes bibliographical references.Oil and gas is a major source of energy worldwide. Therefore its significance for Nigeria as a major producer cannot be understated. Notwithstanding the huge revenue derived from oil and gas, its contribution to the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is minimal. This can be ascribed to the fact that there has been minimal indigenous participation in oil and gas projects as this has often been undertaken by the International Oil Companies (IOCs). To address this, the Federal Government awarded marginal fields and oil blocks to independent indigenous oil companies and enacted the Nigerian Oil and Gas Industry Content Development Act in 2010. This has been of great benefit to indigenous participation. However, these indigenous companies often encounter a major problem in accessing finance for their projects. This dissertation examines the challenges to financing faced by the independent indigenous oil companies and how project financing will be the best means of financing a project by these companies.
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Souza, Dayse da Mata Oliveira. „Sistemas de medi??o de desempenho para projetos de PD&I no Setor de Petr?leo e G?s Natural“. Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2014. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/13031.
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Previous issue date: 2014-01-31Organizations are seeking new ideas, tools and methods aiming to improve management process and performance. On the other hand, system performance measurement needs to portray organizational changes and provide managers with a set of true and more appropriate information for the decision-making process. This work aims to propose a performance measurement system in the academic field regarding Research, Development and Innovation (RDI) in the oil and gas industry. The research performed a bibliographic review in a descriptive exploratory manner. A field research was conducted with an expert focus group in order to gather new indicators. As for the validation of these indicators, a survey with experienced professional was also realized. The research surveyed four segments in and outside of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte-Brazil such as oil and gas project coordinators, staff at Academic Planning Offices, FUNPEC employees as well as coordinators from Petrobr?s. The performance measuring system created from this study features three interrelated performance indicators pointed out as: process indicators, outcome indicators and global indicators. The proposal includes performance indicators that seek to establish more appropriate strategies for effective institution management. It might help policy making of university-industry interaction policies
Cada vez mais as organiza??es est?o ? procura de novas id?ias, novas ferramentas e novos m?todos que as ap?iem no aprimoramento do seu processo de gest?o e assim, melhorar seu desempenho. Por conseguinte, os sistemas de medi??o de desempenho precisam retratar as mudan?as nas organiza??es proporcionando aos seus gestores um conjunto de informa??es verdadeiras e mais adequadas ? tomada de decis?o. O objetivo deste trabalho ? propor um sistema de medi??o de desempenho para os projetos de PD&I no setor de petr?leo e g?s natural para universidades. A pesquisa foi realizada utilizando-se dos seguintes procedimentos: uma revis?o bibliogr?fica com um car?ter explorat?rio-descritivo, acompanhada da pesquisa de campo, a realiza??o de focus group com especialistas para o levantamento de novos indicadores e um survey com profissionais experientes envolvidos na execu??o de projetos dessa natureza, com a finalidade de valida??o dos indicadores. Foram pesquisados quatro segmentos por meio de coordenadores de projetos de petr?leo e g?s natural da UFRN, funcion?rios da Pr?-Reitoria de Planejamento, funcion?rios da FUNPEC e coordenadores da Petrobras. O sistema de medi??o de desempenho gerado a partir deste estudo apresenta em sua estrutura tr?s grupos de indicadores de desempenho inter-relacionados: indicadores de processo, indicadores de resultado e indicadores globais. A proposta inclui indicadores de desempenho que procuram estabelecer uma estrat?gia mais adequada para uma gest?o eficaz das institui??es e pode contribuir para auxiliar as pol?ticas de intera??o universidade-empresa
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Al-Thani, Faisal F. J. „Comprehensive financial model for oil and gas field projects in Qatar“. Thesis, University of Leeds, 2002. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/3891/.
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Project finance is essentially the raising of finance for a new project, secured against future revenues rather than an existing corporate balance sheet or other existing assets. The completion of the project, its successful and profitable operations, is therefore the key concern for all lenders and investors. This means that all the elements influencing the costs, revenues and returns from the project are of interest when determining the finance structure. Existing financial models were not designed to cover all these essential aspects. Analysis of the projected cash flows for the deal is therefore essential, from financial close to the end of the concession or plant life, under a range of assumptions. A case study is developed using Qatar's North Field, RasGas (Ras Laffan Liquefied Gas Company) data for this purpose. This is a multi-billion dollar company set up to develop the Gas Extracting and Utilisation Project in Qatar. The projects cannot be financed from the present country revenue, and therefore, external project financing is required. Decisions have to be made regarding the amount to be raised, acceptable securities, criteria for a Target Capital Structure for all new Gas/Oil Extraction/Utilisation Projects and other related decisions. The thesis verifies and validates a unique, innovative, specific, accurate and cost saving Comprehensive Financial Model for the oil and gas industry in Qatar, to facilitate the evaluation of new projects in the future.
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Claycomb, Helen M. „Two Clamped Pipe Support Connections for Oil and Gas Brownfield Projects“. ScholarWorks@UNO, 2019. https://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/2688.
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In the oil and gas industry, brownfield projects focus on the modification of or addition to an existing production facility that is fully operational and operating. Welding is typically avoided on these projects. The drilling of holes in existing primary structural elements is also prohibited. Clamped connections are often used when adding additional services in a brownfield project. There are different types of clamped connections utilized when a new structural support must be attached to an existing vertical structural pipe. The short bolt clamped connection is a well-established connection and typically used on offshore projects. The U-bolt clamped connection is an alternative connection, although its use in the offshore oil and gas industry is not as well documented. The main drawback to using the U-bolt clamp connection is the lack of a well researched and vetted design methodology. A preliminary analysis methodology is proposed in this thesis. The material, fabrication, installation, and maintenance of both the short bolt connection and U-bolt connection will also be discussed. The following thesis will end with recommendations for moving forward.
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Aydın, Cevat Onur. „Sequential investment planning for complex oil development projects“. Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/43051.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2008.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 86-90).
In this thesis, we consider sequential real investment decisions for the development of discovered oil prospects. Following a decision analysis approach, we propose a methodology to explore the upside of a dynamic drilling strategy, where there is a significant uncertainty about the reservoir complexity. We introduce the notion of information lag, whereby the decision-maker receives the information with a certain delay after each drilling is completed. In an illustrative case study, we apply our proposed methodology on a single reservoir to characterize the value of flexibility and to describe the relative impact of the information lags, in the context of an extensive drilling plan. We also provide several extensions of this case study in order to show how this methodology would be extended in a more comprehensive decision framework. Topics include choosing the optimal production capacity, valuing an initial test opportunity, and developing a field with multiple reservoirs. Our results indicate that flexible thinking may be a significant source of value to the projects. However, the incremental value might be over-rated if information lags are not appropriately included in the analysis.
by Cevat Onur Aydın.
S.M.
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Anifowose, Babatunde A. „Assessing water and environmental impacts of oil and gas projects in Nigeria“. Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2011. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/2841/.
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Oil and gas development projects are major sources of social and environmental problems particularly in oil-rich developing countries like Nigeria. Yet, data paucity hinders our understanding and ability to quantify the direction and magnitude of events. This thesis contributes to the field by adopting an interdisciplinary approach to improve our understanding of the links between oil-related socio-environmental problems and pipeline operation in the Nigerian oil and gas industry.
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Al, Subaih Adel. „A framework for implementation of IPD principles in oil & gas projects“. Thesis, University of Salford, 2016. http://usir.salford.ac.uk/41093/.
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Investment in the global Oil and Gas sector is huge. In 2014, the cumulative investment in between 2014 and 2035 was estimated to be US$22.4 trillion, equivalent to an average annual spend of more than US$1 trillion. A high percentage of Oil & Gas projects go over budget, however, because of poor performance and major schedule delays. Many of these can be traced to problems originating in the design phase. This phase is typically carried out by experienced design consultants, followed by tendering and then execution, involving large construction organisations. Project delivery methods in the sector vary, with 57% using Design-Bid-Build, 38% Design-Build, and 5% Construction Manager at Risk. These methods provide no clear integration or collaborative approaches to ensure stakeholders involvement early during the design phase. This research examines the potential for using Integrated Project Delivery (IPD) as a new approach to improve collaboration by engaging full project teams from early in the design phase. It addresses the following questions: How do current practices in the Oil & Gas sector influence project performance? What are the factors behind poor project performance, and how can project performance be improved by the implementation of IPD? The aim of this research is to create a conceptual framework to implement IPD principles in Oil & Gas projects as a way of improving their performance. This framework will help project stakeholders to be involved during the design phase, which in turn will help to deliver high quality projects, where schedule and costs are tightly controlled. An extensive literature review found 1,056 factors affecting performance, of which 85 could be resolved if addressed at the design phase. A total of 55 factors were related to communication, project management, planning and design problems. A conceptual framework was created to equip stakeholders with a tool to implement IPD effectively. This framework was validated using case studies of very large Oil & Gas projects. This confirmed the criticality of the factors identified, and that they occurred during particular project stages. The framework was structured by plotting the major project stakeholders on one side and the project phases on the other (design phase, tendering, and construction), followed by the performance factors related to project management, planning, design and communication. For each factor, the stakeholders responsible were identified. The research concluded that the Oil & Gas industry suffers from poor performance and the current practices and execution strategies are influencing project delivery. There is a clear gap between the design and construction phases. The conceptual framework developed here will help to improve project performance by bridging the gap and involving all the stakeholders during the design phase, making sure that all the identified poor performance factors can be managed by all those affected, at the most suitable time. The framework is also expected to resolve other factors related to resources, procurement, environment and contracting which are linked to design, planning and project management factors.
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Lu, De Lama Graciela. „Struggles Over Governance of Oil and Gas Projects in the Peruvian Amazon“. Thesis, University of Oregon, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/20458.
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This dissertation examines the shifting and multi-scalar governance of oil and gas projects in Peruvian Amazon. Using cases studies of oil extraction in blocks 1AB (192), 8 in Loreto (2006 to 2015), and the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) process for the expansion of the Camisea gas project in block 88 in Cusco, this dissertation explores how environmental decision-making processes of oil and gas projects are structured and enacted. In doing so, this study sheds light on the shifting interactions, negotiations, struggles and (at times) open conflicts between actors that define why, how and where hydrocarbon projects take place in the Amazon. Recognizing the variety of actors, I organize my analysis around government institutions, indigenous mobilizations, environmental assessments and the economic distribution of revenues from oil and gas projects.
From my analysis I argue that resource extraction is changing substantially the relationship between the government and the indigenous peoples in the Peruvian Amazon. These changes involve profound changes in indigenous rights and the creation of new institutions and capacities in the state to address the social-environmental effects of extractive industries. The surge of social-environmental conflicts and the influence of international finance institutions have prompted the Peruvian government to reform the institutional framework regulating resource extraction. This reforms are taking place amid the globalization of indigenous rights, discourses, and laws (such as the Prior Consultation Law) granting special rights to indigenous peoples. However, power-knowledge asymmetries in the decision-making processes (such as the environmental assessments) tend to increase the sense of mistrust among the local populations, resulting in increasing social-environmental conflicts.
In addition, the uneven distribution of benefits from resource extraction is creating regional disparities, increasing the dependency of some regions on resource extraction. An examination of the implementation of the Environmental Impact Assessment process for the expansion of the Camisea project in block 88 exposes unresolved practices of representation and citizenship of the indigenous peoples in voluntary isolation. However, overall, Amazonian indigenous people’s struggles are shifting the traditional national, social, and political life. They are ethnic minorities and citizens struggling for their rights to participate in decision-making processes and in the distribution of economic benefits from extraction, both particularity and equality.
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Teymouri, Ahmad. „An Integrated Model for Auditing Construction Projects - a Case Study of Oil and Gas Projects in Iran“. Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/32072.
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Nowadays, organizations implement projects for many purposes. Using the project as a strategic success factor for project-oriented companies is continuously increasing. However, most of the time, the results are not the same as planned. Some projects fail to achieve their objectives; others are canceled, whereas on some other cases, companies have to re-plan their strategy. Project-oriented companies know that maintaining an ideal and logical balance between the project’s time, cost, and quality constraints can vastly guaranty project success. Therefore, they should switch from traditional project management to modern and advanced project management methodology, which improves project performance and efficiency over its life cycle. One of the most applicable tools used to assess and monitor project performance and thus finding the associated issues is Project Audit, which is a comprehensive and organized assessment of the effectiveness and efficiency of project performance, management, and compliance. In this research, an integrated project audit model is presented that incorporates a detailed design module, which shows the structure of the model, questionnaire module, and a scoring module. The model is developed as an integrated project audit application where the user is easily able to select, plan, implement, and report a project audit. The model’s output consists of two parts: 1) a comprehensive report that shows the project situation in five main project processes and nine project functions. This report presents the project’s score in a specific function and its related process (i.e., planning cost or closing procurement); 2) useful analytical reports and graphs of the project performance. In this part, the model compares the project’s planned and actual time and cost, calculates their variances, and forecasts the final cost and time based on the current performance. The model is validated by using an actual Oil and Gas project to test its workability and capabilities. Three groups will benefit from this model; 1) owners; 2) project managers and project team; 3) general contractors and construction companies. The model helps project owners to identify problems early on and reduce project waste in terms of time, effort, material and costs. Moreover, it provides owners the opportunity to identify the project performance from the cost and time constraints. Also, after using this model, project managers and project team have a list of findings that need to be addressed to enhance the overall project performance. The various reports of the model not only provide detail information about project constraints (time, cost, and quality) but it also present valuable analysis related to other aspect of the project (i.e. risk, scope, and communication) which are very useful for the project team. Furthermore, the developed lessons learned from the project can be documented with this model, which is very useful for general contractors and construction companies in future projects.
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Veflen, Martin Elton. „The Political Risk of Oil and Gas Mega Projects : A Descriptive Empirical Analysis“. Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for sosiologi og statsvitenskap, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-13123.
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Two elements can be seen to evolve progressively with globalization: political risk and mega projects. Although a fair amount of research has been carried out in regards to political risk and mega projects as separate units of investigation, few studies have attempted to combine the two. This thesis fills a void in the existing literature by providing a specialized approach to political risk, focusing on political risk of oil and gas mega projects in particular. Drawing on a comprehensive dataset of political risk in developing countries, the investigation consists of three constituent parts: a descriptive empirical analysis of 90 cases of political risk between 1998 and 2005; a comparative analysis with 240 cases of political risk across all affected industries within that same period; and three case studies. My intention is to illustrate the conceptual framework and to establish the causal mechanism at play. The findings of this text highlight the need for a more thorough and current political risk- and mega project theory, one which incorporates the important aspect of globalization and consequently sees political risk as a multidimensional phenomenon. The findings support the relevance of the obsolescing bargain mechanism, challenge the proposed significance of non-governmental activism and environmental issues, and, perhaps most decisively, accentuate the importance of the need of a social license to operate.
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Zand, Emad Dolatshahi. „Risk analysis in oil and gas projects : a case study in the Middle East“. Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/47875.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, System Design and Management Program, 2009.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 65-66).
Global demand for energy is rising around the world. Middle East is a major supplier of oil and gas and remains an important region for any future oil and gas developments. Meanwhile, managing oil and gas projects are becoming more challenging and riskier than ever before. Therefore, risk analysis and development of strategies to manage risk are crucial to the reduction of potential future delays and cost overruns in oil and gas projects. This thesis focuses on analysis and management of the technical and institutional risks involved in oil and gas projects in the Middle East. In the first section, we describe various types of risk and introduce a framework for risk management. We then conduct a case study to highlight some of the most important risk factors involved in oil and gas projects as well as recommendations to deal with such risks. The case is based on publically available information and includes two distinct projects with similar geologies under two separate legal regimes in Iran and Qatar.
by Emad Zand.
S.M.
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Ovbagbedia, O. O. „Framework for knowledge management implementation in oil and gas projects : case Nigeria and UK“. Thesis, Liverpool John Moores University, 2015. http://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/4431/.
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This thesis examined the efficacy of knowledge management based systems and best practices that could be used to address operational issues in Nigeria. The research focussed on the experiences of senior managers in Nigeria and the UK. The research employed both qualitative and quantitative methodologies to capture all the relevant experiences of senior managers. The findings revealed a number of knowledge management variables that either facilitated or limited the effectiveness of knowledge management based systems. These were synthesised into a framework capturing seven-well defined stages. All these steps emerged as being related; they are comprised of independent variables. These steps were found to comprise of knowledge management technology approaches, knowledge management people approaches, knowledge management strategies and value enhancing practices. The framework delineates the key variables that influence knowledge management based systems and highlights how value enhancing practices can be managed and implemented. The framework was developed from the key variables identified from the qualitative and quantitative analysis. Framework validation was by follow-up deliberations, which were conducted with managers in selected organisations in Nigeria and the UK. Reflecting on their experiences, the participants confirmed that the proposed knowledge management framework and its seven well-defined stages were central to the effectiveness of knowledge management in oil and gas projects. This thesis concludes by reiterating that the strategies proposed in this research cannot be expected to resolve all knowledge management operational issues in Nigeria. However, their use defines an approach that is superior to the traditional approaches typically adopted and consequently merits far wider application.
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Ellafi, Jamal Saad. „Investigating the finance strategies for gas projects in development countries“. Thesis, University of Manchester, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.488297.
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Tobin, Myreene. „Leading the way in oil and gas sustainable development“. Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/MQ59489.pdf.
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Salter, Edward Robert Edmund. „Holistic environmental assessment of oil and gas field development“. Thesis, Heriot-Watt University, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10399/1228.
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This study has developed a new life-of-field, goal orientated process of analysis called Holistic Environmental Assessment (HEA). HEA assesses the total environmental risk associated with a proposed oil and gas field development. It prioritises environmental risks and identifies cost effective strategies to reduce them. For the first time the process was applied to a real 'case study' field development programme to test its effectiveness. The application identified that it is a useful tool to help design eco-efficient and costeffective oil and gas field developments. Furthermore, it was discovered that much of the information required by HEA could be obtained in a quick and user-friendly format. The new assessment process was developed after a review of the interaction of the offshore oil and gas industry with the environment, and techniques employed to evaluate this interaction. The review identified that the industry interacts with the environment in a number of different ways, and that the level of interaction transgresses the boundaries of sea, air and land locally, regionally and internationally. Legislation and public concern demand no damage to the environment from offshore oil and gas field exploration and development. UK environmental legislation and people's expectations for environmental performance are in a state of change. This change, coupled with the uncertainty over how resilient the environment is to perturbation, and the increasing risk of environmental liability presents a need for operators to clearly manage environmental information and assess total environmental risk. It was discovered that Environmental Assessment, Lifecycle Analysis and Cost Benefit Analysis, when used separately, failed to assess total environmental risk, but when used in combination under the HEA process could. Many organisations, such as the British Medical Association, European Oilfield Speciality Chemicals Association, the Royal Ministry of Petroleum and Energy (Norway) and Shell Expro, now recognise that a holistic approach is essential to assess total environmental risk. The author proposes that HEA would be effective as a software tool to analyse different environmental risk mitigation systems. This would facilitate the identification of a system that steers an operator towards the triple bottom line of Sustainable Development.
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Ikhinmwin, Cletus Isiwhanze. „Structured contract strategies for capital and operations expenditure projects in the oil and gas industry“. Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2014. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/71185/1/Cletus%20Isiwhanze_Ikhinmwin_Thesis.pdf.
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This project was a step forward in developing a 'descriptive theory' of contracting in the oil and gas industry that reflects the operating environment in which the project manager operates. This study investigates the existing processes and methods used in establishing contracts which are very often prescriptive, and not always appropriate or optimal for a given situation. This study contributes to contracting effectiveness or optimal contracting in the oil and gas industry.
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Catchpole, Roger. „Establishing cost-effective safety management for major oil and gas exploitation projects in the design phase“. Thesis, Open University, 2012. http://oro.open.ac.uk/54513/.
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Disasters such as Deepwater Horizon in the Gulf of Mexico, in April 2010, continue to blight the oil and gas industry despite a significant amount of research effort carried out by academia, regulatory bodies, and oil and gas companies to understand how safety-related incidents, especially disasters, can be prevented. While these have contributed to the discussion around reducing risk, they often lack the systemic influences that determine the value drivers affecting decision-making, and the ability to achieve continuous and sustainable improvements in safety performance. Consequently, this research aims to provide a more holistic approach to understanding the nature of disasters in the oil and gas industry, and identifying how future disasters can be prevented by establishing "more cost-effective strategies. Quantitative research was carried out to determine the type and validity of the data used to construct trends in major accident safety performance, and qualitative research was carried out to assess the key factors that influence safety performance, and whether these are effectively applied. The conclusions of this research are that the industry has not demonstrated effective implementation of an Occupational Health and Safety Management System (OH&S-MS). Historically safety performance shows wide annual variations where trends are difficult to define and extrapolate, making it difficult to provide any significant benefit for major accident prevention. There is no evidence to indicate that moving from a prescriptive, to a goal-setting regime, has improved safety performance, and reduced the prospect of future major accidents. Disaster investigation reports have shown that the role of the regulator has been ineffective. However, the adoption of a more comprehensive, and effective approach to inherently safer designs, and the way projects are managed, have the potential to make safety management more cost-effective and reduce the prospect of future disasters.
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Kashwani, Ghanim Abdalla. „Enhancing the implementation of safety engineering systems in oil and gas construction projects in the UAE“. Thesis, Heriot-Watt University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10399/3251.
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Risk assessment is one of the most critical methodologies used in the safety engineering system in oil and gas construction projects that require high levels of precaution in construction activities such as pilling, materials fabrication, and structure installation. The main purpose of risk assessment is to provide full protection to the four main elements that are crucial to the oil industry: People, Environment, Assets and Reputation (PEAR). Any failure or defect in the risk assessment implementation can potentially lead to catastrophes not only during the construction stage but also in the advanced stages such as operation and productions. Historically, in oil and gas construction projects many oil spills and blow outs occurred due to lack of efficient risk assessment in the construction phase, resulting in financial loss and human capitals. The aim of this research is to enhance the implementation of safety engineering systems in the oil and gas industry construction projects through risk assessment application in the UAE. Firstly, the aim is achieved via conducting a questionnaire to determine the current defects in the risk assessment applied methodology in the safety engineering system. Secondly, interviews are conducted with safety construction professionals to examine top risk factors in UAE oil and gas construction projects. After that, a framework to enhance the application of risk assessment and optimize safety engineering system is proposed based on the results found during the questionnaire and interviews phases. Finally, qualitative and quantitative validation of the proposed framework is applied to strengthen its feasibility and mechanism. This research study contributes to construction safety knowledge by studying behavioral safety performance and its critical role in risk assessment implementation. The main outcomes of this research study expose a gap in the understanding and the practices of risk assessment methods between management and workers, especially with regard to human factors effects on safety performance. In addition, this study recommends using proactive KPIs to measure the safety culture in the construction site in which it gives the chance to conduct early correction actions before the occurrence of the incidents.
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Botta, Nepeya Azaria. „Education, community engagement and oil and gas development : northeast British Columbia“. Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/59443.
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Resource development projects offer economic opportunities to communities near operations, through the provision of jobs and corporate social responsibility (CSR) initiatives. When the local labour pool is not prepared, or lacks appropriate skills or education avenues for upgrades, labour demands will be filled by a fly-in-fly-out workforce. This system both draws resource benefits away from impacted communities, and incurs high transportation and lodging costs to the company. Improving labour-force quality will require upgrading education resources necessary for acquiring the appropriate post-secondary degrees and certificates for employment in the industry. Before planning education programs, it is important to have an acute understanding of the population’s history, socio-economy, regional education resources, and perspective on local education and employment. This research study examined the Northeastern, British Columbia (NEBC) region, where oil and gas (OAG) development is expected to increase exponentially in the near future with the use of hydraulic fracturing. Due to the specialized skills required for this industry, the local communities are currently ill equipped to participate in the labour boom. An education gap analysis was performed to examines the education disparities and obstacles for varying communities in NEBC. The study used a geographic analysis of regional education opportunities to identify community needs, followed by field work where in-depth interviews and focus groups brought to light local thoughts and perceptions on education, employment and community development. This information can be used by OAG companies to invest in socially responsible programs, that benefit regional communities as they develop the resource.Applied Science, Faculty of
Mining Engineering, Keevil Institute of
Graduate
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McKenzie, Lisa M., William B. Allshouse, Tim E. Byers, Edward J. Bedrick, Berrin Serdar und John L. Adgate. „Childhood hematologic cancer and residential proximity to oil and gas development“. PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/623043.
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Background Oil and gas development emits known hematological carcinogens, such as benzene, and increasingly occurs in residential areas. We explored whether residential proximity to oil and gas development was associated with risk for hematologic cancers using a registry-based case-control study design. Methods Participants were 0-24 years old, living in rural Colorado, and diagnosed with cancer between 2001-2013. For each child in our study, we calculated inverse distance weighted (IDW) oil and gas well counts within a 16.1-kilometer radius of residence at cancer diagnosis for each year in a 10 year latency period to estimate density of oil and gas development. Logistic regression, adjusted for age, race, gender, income, and elevation was used to estimate associations across IDW well count tertiles for 87 acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) cases and 50 non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) cases, compared to 528 controls with non-hematologic cancers. Findings Overall, ALL cases 0-24 years old were more likely to live in the highest IDW well count tertiles compared to controls, but findings differed substantially by age. For ages 5-24, ALL cases were 4.3 times as likely to live in the highest tertile, compared to controls (95% CI: 1.1 to 16), with a monotonic increase in risk across tertiles (trend p-value = 0.035). Further adjustment for year of diagnosis increased the association. No association was found between ALL for children aged 0-4 years or NHL and IDW well counts. While our study benefited from the ability to select cases and controls from the same population, use of cancer- controls, the limited number of ALL and NHL cases, and aggregation of ages into five year ranges, may have biased our associations toward the null. In addition, absence of information on O&G well activities, meteorology, and topography likely reduced temporal and spatial specificity in IDW well counts. Conclusion Because oil and gas development has potential to expose a large population to known hematologic carcinogens, further study is clearly needed to substantiate both our positive and negative findings. Future studies should incorporate information on oil and gas development activities and production levels, as well as levels of specific pollutants of interest (e.g. benzene) near homes, schools, and day care centers; provide age-specific residential histories; compare cases to controls without cancer; and address other potential confounders, and environmental stressors.
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Ayoola, Olakunle Thomas. „Nigerian Oil and Gas Industry Content Development Act's Perceived Performance Impact“. ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/3383.
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Petroleum-producing companies in Nigeria were forced to increase spending on Nigerian-sourced materials and services from $8 billion to $13 billion since 2010, due to the Nigerian Oil and Gas Industry Content Development Act. The act was enacted in 2010 to support local firms and improve the companies' performance. However, there is sparse research on how the act affected the companies' performance. This study was an examination of the impact of the act on the companies' performance. Bandura's social cognitive theory was the theoretical framework. The research questions of this descriptive correlational study were used to examine the act's effect on employee and organizational performance. The independent variable was employees' perception of the level of implementation of the act. The dependent variables were employees' perceived task and perceived organizational business performance. Collection of interval level survey data from 372 full-time employees of the 5 major petroleum-producing companies in Nigeria was possible by anchoring only the ends of the Likert scale with words. The Pearson product-moment correlation results indicated that the independent variable correlated positively with each dependent variable. The exploratory factor analysis results indicated that the act had a positive effect on the employees' internal competence factor and the organizations' operational performance factor. The results are significant for Nigerian government officials and managers of the companies in understanding the impact of the act on performance. The outcomes have potential implications for positive social change through improved implementation strategies to achieve the objectives of the act. Researchers could focus on examining the impact of the act on employees' internal competence factor in future studies.
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Peinke, Laura. „Supplier Development framework analysis in South Africa's upstream oil & gas sector“. Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/29028.
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Although considerable attention has been given to the prospects for developing small, medium and micro-enterprises, and more specifically local content, very little relevant research has been undertaken in South Africa's upstream oil and gas industry with specific reference to an offshore supply base. In this research report, findings have been presented from 15 detailed interviews conducted with Transnational Corporations, local SMEs, government departments, industry associations, small business support organisations, and international respondents involved in supplier development programmes within the Oil & Gas sector. The aim of the research was to investigate the difficulties that confront local small businesses, and examine opportunities for outsourcing services to SMEs and encouraging development of business linkages in South Africa's upstream oil and gas industry. The South African research has been conducted within the context of existing international research on upstream oil and gas supplier development, and small enterprise development in developing countries.
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Muvundika, Alick Bulala. „Development of a framework for assessing sustainability benefits of landfill gas Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) projects“. Thesis, University of Central Lancashire, 2015. http://clok.uclan.ac.uk/12874/.
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The twin objectives of the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) are to assist developing country host nations in achieving sustainable development, and to assist developed countries in meeting their greenhouse gases (GHG) emission reduction targets. This is achieved through implementing GHG abatement projects in developing countries. There has been increased attention in the contribution of CDM projects to sustainable development in host nations. Previous research has suggested that, when left to market forces, the CDM does not contribute effectively to sustainable development. One likely reason is that host nations define and evaluate projects contribution to sustainable development. This has led to a “race to bottom” with regard to setting sustainability standards triggered by a concern that project developers prioritise CDM investments in countries with lower sustainability standards. Researchers have identified the need for an international standard for assessing sustainable development benefits of CDM projects. The main aim of this research was to develop an international level framework for assessing sustainable development benefits of CDM projects with a specific focus on landfill gas (LFG) projects. An in-depth literature review was carried out to establish the link between sustainable development benefits of CDM projects in general, and LFG CDM projects in particular. A case study methodology was used to develop an understanding of landfill management practices at three existing landfill sites both in developed (n=1) and developing countries (n=2). The results from the literature review and case studies were utilized to develop the framework for assessing sustainable development benefits of LFG CDM projects. The developed framework comprises three sustainable development dimensions and 12 criteria with 16 matching indicators. Such a project specific assessment framework has not previously been developed. The results from the validation of the framework suggested that technology transfer is the most likely benefit of any LFG CDM project while balance of payments is the least likely benefit. The proposed framework can be utilised at two stages in a CDM project lifecycle. It can be used as: (i) a template to guide host nations’ Designated National Authorities (DNAs) on how to review projects before issuing Letters of Approval (LoA); and (ii) Designated Operating Entities (DOEs) can also use the developed framework to validate and verify that sustainable development benefits stated in project proposals have been realised at the project level.
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Baswaid, Ahmed Mohsen Salem. „Development of an Asset Management Framework for the Oil and Gas Industry“. Thesis, Curtin University, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/76347.
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The objective of this thesis is to improve asset management performance through the development of an oil and gas-specific asset management framework. This objective is crucial, given that there is currently little empirical data about asset management. This study encompasses a qualitative methodology, including purposive sampling of fifty employees employed by three organizations. The findings revealed five key challenges that have been hindering a smooth application of asset management within the oil and gas industry.
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Yiallourides, Constantinos. „Joint development of oil and gas resources : the way forward in disputed waters“. Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2017. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=231747.
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The settlement of the maritime boundary disputes between China and Japan in the East China Sea, and between Greece and Turkey in the Aegean Sea, is politically deadlocked. While diplomatic settlement efforts have been ongoing for the past several decades, neither side in each case appears prepared to back down from its respective maritime claims. Bilateral consultations and negotiations have been unable to prevent occasional flare-ups and, as tensions remain significantly high, it may not be long before one of the not infrequent confrontations spirals out of control. The existing status quo in each case is unstable and does not favour either side, both from the perceptive of contaminating bilateral relations as a whole, but also to the extent that it holds hostage the multiple benefits that could otherwise be generated from the exploitation of the seabed energy resources in the contested waters. Indeed, while important discoveries of commercial hydrocarbon accumulations have been made, and in fact, some of them are currently being developed in the peripheries of the East China Sea and the Aegean, the full mineral potential of the contested areas remain unproven and unrealised due to the ongoing maritime and territorial conflicts. That being the case, the debate surrounding these two conflicts has progressed to the point where there is an urgent need for a meaningful discussion on finding a practical way forward. It is the purpose of the present thesis to address this need, first, by undertaking a detailed analysis of these disputes on the basis of the legal rules and principles of international law and; second, by critically evaluating possible institutional designs of interstate cooperation on the exploitation of offshore oil and gas resources in disputed areas. This thesis considers that because of the near-impossibility of settling the maritime and territorial disputes in the East China Sea and the Aegean, at least in the short term, and the remote possibility of meaningfully utilising the resources in the given areas while these conflicts persist, provisional interstate cooperation in the form of joint development constitutes the best alternative course of action for disputing states to coordinate the exploration and exploitation of resources without having resorted previously to boundary delimitation settlement. On the basis of the above analysis, this thesis discusses the prospect of realising joint development regimes in the East China Sea and the Aegean and their appropriate institutional design in the light of the legal, historical, political, and geographical characteristics of the disputes in question. The overall aim of the present study is to discern useful guidelines that can be used to inform and support diplomatic discussions on bilateral cooperation over disputed seabed energy resources by addressing three key objectives: - Better understanding of the longstanding East China Sea and Aegean maritime boundary disputes under the rules of the public international law of the sea, as developed to date having regard to international jurisprudence and state practice. - Conceptualisation and better understanding of the legal characteristics and functional benefits of joint development regimes. - Critical evaluation of variations in the design of joint development regimes having regard to successful or unsuccessful precedents in the practice of states.
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Potterf, Jebadiha E. „Framing Fracking: Media Coverage of Unconventional Oil and Gas Development in South Texas“. DigitalCommons@USU, 2014. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/4263.
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There is an oil boom occurring in the United States reminiscent of the production booms of the early 20th century. As the use of unconventional gas and oil extraction practices explode across the US, understanding how the affected public perceives this development is vital. As a major influence on public opinion, understanding the way this development is being framed by interest groups and the news media is an important step in understanding public perceptions. This study utilizes framing theory as a method for investigating how online and print media coverage of this development utilizes the frames promoted by actors on either side of this issue. Content analysis is used to examine national level industry and opposition websites to inductively uncover the thematic frames used by these actors in the public debate surrounding unconventional development. These frames are subsequently used to analyze newspaper articles published in metropolitan cities of Eagle Ford Shale region to discover how these or other frames are utilized in their coverage of the unconventional development occurring in the Eagle Ford Shale. I found that the pro-development frames used by proponent interest groups matched very closely with the pro-development frames used in the news media. Conversely, the way opposition frames are used by the opponent interest groups and in the news media display much more variance. These findings have implications for several theories seeking to explain the influence of interest groups on news coverage. And are important for fully understanding how the perceptions of residents regarding oil and gas activity are formed. While this research did not take the step to compare the news media frames used to the individual frames residents use to understand this activity, it does address a lacuna in the research on unconventional development by examining the way interest groups and the media frame their communications pertaining to the issue.
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Martin, Andrea Lynn. „Development of a Nitric Oxide Gas Sensor and Air Quality Projects in a High School Chemistry Classroom“. Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2004. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/MartinAL2004.pdf.
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May, Peter Herman. „A modern tragedy of the non-commons agro-industrial change and equity in Brazil's babassu palm zone /“. [Ithaca, N.Y. : Cornell University], 1986. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/15080259.html.
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Smolensky, Nicole Limunga. „Population enumeration and the effects of oil and gas development on dune-dwelling lizards“. [College Station, Tex. : Texas A&M University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2848.
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Alashhab, M. E. A. „The impact of globalisation on the development of the Libyan oil and gas sector“. Thesis, Nottingham Trent University, 2015. http://irep.ntu.ac.uk/id/eprint/29003/.
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For many years Libya suffered from economic and political exclusion from the outside world. This isolation was a result of both Libyan governmental policies (under the Gaddafi regime, which was almost entirely against economic liberalisation) as well as sanctions placed on Libya by the international community, led by the United States. This situation prevented Libya’s integration into the contemporary global economy, and continued for over 30 years from Gaddafi’s rise to power in 1969. However, by the late 1990s Libya began to relax its policies against economic liberalisation and by 2003 it had resolved many of the political disputes with the international community that prevented Libya’s global integration. Consequently, Libya opened its borders and its economy, especially to the oil international corporations (MNOCs) and foreign direct investment (FDI). Since then MNOCs from around the world, including from the United States and Europe, returned to work in the Libyan oil sector signalling a new moment in Libya’s economic development. This thesis investigates these changes and the impact of globalisation on the development of the Libyan oil sector. This study uses a mixed method approach drawing on quantitative and qualitative methods to collect, analyse and present evidence in order to understand and explain how processes of globalisation have impacted on the nature of the Libyan oil sector and the role this plays in the global hydrocarbons market. Determining and interpreting the impact of the globalisation phenomenon requires the engagement with people’s views and their experiences (in particular the opinions of decision-makers in Libya). Therefore, interviews were conducted with individuals who have adequate understanding and experience regarding the environment of the studied topic, which fulfils the criteria for the qualitative approach. Interviews were also designed in order to answer the research questions by inserting the research questions within the interviews questions. The interviews have been conducted in Libya with key policy- and decision-makers and experts of the targeted institutions which included MNOCs and Libyan national bodies. Regression modelling was applied in order to test the validity of the hypothesis. This thesis finds that the performance of the Libyan oil sector was impacted positively by the post-2003 processes of integration (globalisation) and when compared to the period of relative isolation from the early 1970s to the early 2000s, the sector developed rapidly as a result of economic liberalisation. The results of analysis of both quantitative and qualitative data, however, this thesis also shows that the Libyan oil sector and the broader Libyan economy (given the central role of hydrocarbons in Libya) have become more susceptible to external processes well out of the control of the Libyan authorities.
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Cook, Joshua R. „Development of a program to gather and process data from oil and gas fields“. Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2004. https://etd.wvu.edu/etd/controller.jsp?moduleName=documentdata&jsp%5FetdId=3727.
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Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2004.Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains ix, 80 p. : ill. (some col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 33-34).
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Strachan, Peter A. „Competitive pressures and environmental management systems in the Scottish construction and oil and gas industries“. Thesis, Robert Gordon University, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.343637.
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Rajbhandari, Isha. „The Impacts of Oil and Gas Developments on Local Economies in the United States“. The Ohio State University, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1500413045323116.
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Ojijiagwo, Emeka Nnanna. „Development of a sustainable framework to manage flare gas in an oil and gas environment : a case study of Nigeria“. Thesis, University of Wolverhampton, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2436/620607.
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Associated natural gas is produced as a by-product from crude oil exploration and production. When perceived as a non-desirable product, it is wasted during gas flaring. Globally, about 100 Billion Cubic Meters (BCM) of gas is flared annually, leading to release of about 300 million tons of carbon dioxide yearly into the environment. Russia and Nigeria flare more than other countries to the tune of 35.5 and 18.27 BCM, respectively. The consequence of gas flaring has continued to pose significant threats to the environment as well as the economy of oil and gas producing countries. Therefore, this research is aimed at developing a sustainable framework that could enable management of flared gas in an oil and gas environment by generating energy and also minimise environmental impact that arises from gas flaring process. Three major research gaps were identified and they include lack of existing gas flare management framework in Nigeria, lack of economic evaluation of gas to wire (GTW) technology for flared gas reduction and, lack of cordial relationship and understanding between oil and gas producing/flaring companies and electricity producing sectors towards gas flare management. A qualitative research strategy was employed – utilising the single case study approach with embedded units of analysis. Three case study companies were used - one oil and gas producing company, and two electricity-generating companies. Data collection involved semi structured interviews, documentation, observation, and review of relevant literature. Data was analysed using QSR Nvivo version 10. A framework for flared gas reduction was developed based on literature review and also from information made available by experts operating in the oil and gas and electricity sectors. The framework shows inputs from various stakeholders, as well as an evaluation of volume of gas produced, utilized and flared. An economic assessment of GTW technology was carried out to determine the cost effectiveness of the framework. Findings from the study showed that GTW is a viable means of management, and could reduce the total volume of flared gas in Nigeria to 7.1%. This reduces environmental, health and safety hazards. It is also economically profitable. A total capital investment of £1.64b is required in the Nigerian context, with a net profit of £1.26b/year, and has a rate of return of investment of 16.3%. This study has demonstrated that GTW is a sustainable technology for reducing flared gas in Nigeria and other countries facing similar challenges as Nigeria; and capable of minimising adverse environmental and health impact associated with gas flaring. Therefore, the developed framework is also recommended for effective management of flared gas in such countries.
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Janssen, Josef. „Risk management of investments in joint implementation and clean development mechanism projects /“. Bamberg : Difo-Druck, 2001. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=009588954&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.
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Abualigaledari, Sahar. „Development of an Anti-Corrosion Thermally Sprayed Coating System for Oil and Gas Transmission Pipeline“. Diss., North Dakota State University, 2018. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/28848.
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Corrosion, a leading cause of failure in metallic transmission pipelines, significantly impacts the reliability and safety of metallic pipelines. To prevent and mitigate pipeline corrosion, various non-metallic coatings and assessment methods have been implemented with different coating techniques. However, reliable, cost-effective, and environmental friendly corrosion mitigation approaches are yet needed to be achieved. Thermal metallic sprayed coatings have shown to be an effective means for pipeline corrosion prevention in marine environments with low cost, but it is not yet studied for on-shore buried and cased crossing pipelines. In this project, innovative composite self-sensing thermal sprayed coatings are proposed to prevent, monitor, mitigate, and manage pipeline corrosion for on-shore buried metallic transmission pipelines. This project focuses on developing the metallic corrosion resistant coating with thermal spray techniques. The compositions, mechanical properties, corrosion resistance, and effectiveness of composite thermal sprayed coatings have been investigated and studies theoretically, numerically, and experimentally at mechanical engineering department, NDSU, Fargo, ND.US DOT Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration (PHMSA)
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Pereira, Tiago Maciel Soares. „Desenvolvimento de um índice de complexidade para gestão de projectos no Downstream do Oil & Gás : uma aplicação do Macbeth“. Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/14557.
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Mestrado em Gestão de ProjetosTendo em vista a criação de um framework para a definição de um índice de complexidade para projetos no setor do Oil & Gas, foi selecionado da Literatura o modelo TOE (Technical-Organizational-Environmental) de Bosch-Rekveldt (2011), desenvolvido para a indústria de Processo. Este framework considera cerca de 50 elementos de complexidade, o que é um número elevado para uma ferramenta que se pretende expedita. O framework TOE foi submetido à avaliação de um painel de especialistas portugueses, através de uma técnica Delphi, para estes selecionarem os elementos mais relevantes, construindo-se um modelo reduzido. Tendo por base esse modelo reduzido e recorrendo à ferramenta MCDA MACBETH foi criada a árvore de valor do índice global de complexidade e sub-índices T-O-E. Em conferências de decisão foram definidos os descritores de impacto relevantes para cada elemento de complexidade e determinadas as escalas dos respetivos níveis de performance, mediante avaliação das suas diferenças de atratividade. O software M-MACBETH calculou os pesos de cada elemento, ficando assim definida a ferramenta/framework pretendidos. A explicitação dos sub-índices de complexidade T-O-E enriquece o modelo, acrescentando outras dimensões ao índice global e permite traçar o perfil do projeto. Essa abordagem ajuda a, por um lado, detetar nas fases iniciais os principais fatores de preocupação de um projeto, e por outro, torna mais fácil ao decisor alocar a cada projeto os gestores/equipas com as competências adequadas. A ferramenta criada foi testada em três projetos do Oil & Gas, tendo explicitado e confirmado a perceção (subjetiva) existente quanto à complexidade dos mesmos.
In order to create a framework that determines the complexity index of projects in the Oil & Gas sector, the TOE (Technical-Organizational-Environmental) model, developed by Bosch-Rekveldt (2011) for the Process industry, was selected from the literature. This framework considers 50 elements of complexity, which is a large number for a tool that is aimed to be simple. The TOE framework was submitted to the evaluation of a panel of Portuguese experts, using the Delphi technique, in order to select its most relevant elements and to define a reduced model. Based on this reduced model and using the MCDA tool MACBETH the value tree of the global index and subindexes T-O-E of complexity were created. In decision conferences, the relevant impact descriptors were defined for each element of complexity and the scales of the levels of performance were determined, by evaluating their attractiveness differences. The M-MACBETH software calculated the weights of each element, thus defining the desired framework. The specification of the sub-indices T-O-E enriches the model by adding other dimensions to the overall index and allowing the project profile to be defined. This approach helps, on the one hand, to detect in the early stages the main factors of concern of the project, and on the other, it makes it easier for the decision maker to allocate the managers / teams with the appropriate skills to each project. The tool created was tested in three Oil & Gas projects, having quantified and confirmed the existent perception regarding their complexity.
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
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Kalhor, Morteza <1979>. „Clean Development Mechanism and International Negotiations: How will the mechanism under the Kyoto Protocol have impact emissions in the oil and gas sector in oil and gas producing countries“. Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/1857.
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Akin, Manolya. „Turkey’s Foreign Energy Policy andRealist Theory : The Cases of Nabuccoand South Stream Gas Pipeline Projects“. Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för geovetenskaper, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-150752.
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This paper focuses on Turkey’s foreign energy policy with a special focus on cases ofNabucco and South Stream Gas Pipeline Projects and examines the issue from the perspectiveof “realist theory”.The research question aims to discover the realist tendency in Turkishforeign energy policy and to find out which gas pipeline project is more beneficial in terms ofnational interest for Turkey and also relevant for meeting the goals of Turkish Foreign EnergyPolicy.Energy is the key concept of the discussions about future of our world and sustainabledevelopment. If energy functions as a subject that increases the tensions between countriesthis means a threat to sustainable development since it becomes a factor jeopardizing peaceand makes cooperation between states imporssible. Also; energy constitutes a fundamentalplace national strategies of states along with sustainable development.In order to make the theory operational, three main dimensions, being security, economicsand strategic are used as tools or in other words as filters to look through, in the analysis offoreign and energy policy, as well as cases of Nabucco and South Stream Gas Pipeline Projects.
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Picard, Mathieu. „Development of multiscale models for the performance of the gas and oil seals in rotary engines“. Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/92169.
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Thesis: Ph. D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, 2014.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 341-344).
Rotary engines offer higher power density, fewer parts and lower vibrations than conventional reciprocating piston engines. However, rotary engines are more difficult to seal because of the rotor shape which leads to higher gas leakage and oil consumption resulting in lower efficiency and higher emissions. In order to address this problem, this thesis presents a set of multiscale models to assess rotary engine performances by estimating gas leakage, oil consumption, wear and friction. An oil seal multiscale model is developed to estimate internal oil consumption guided by oil transport visualization experiments carried using a laser-induced fluorescence technique. A finite element beam model is used to predict the clearance between the oil seals and the side housing for each crank angle in the cycle. From seal-housing clearance, oil transport through the oil seals is calculated using a control volume approach. The main mechanism leading to internal oil consumption is outward scraping of the oil seals due to a lack in conformability of the seals to the distorted side housing, especially next to the intake and exhaust ports. A set of multiscale models are developed for the performance of the apex and side seals. The models are formulated to couple gas flow to the dynamics and deformation of the seals while accurately describing the interfaces between the seals and their profile and groove. The models are used to predict apex and side seal behavior and understand the mechanisms leading to gas leakage. The main leakage mechanisms identified are leakage through (1) the corner seal clearance, (2) the spark plug holes, (3) the flanks of the seals at high speed, and (4) the side piece corner for the apex seals and at the ends of the side seals. The apex seal model shows good agreement with experiments, especially for the pressure in the apex seal groove. It is the first time such comprehensive models are developed for rotary engines and they will be valuable tools to help design more efficient and environment-friendly rotary engines.
by Mathieu Picard.
Ph. D.
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Yang, Guanglin. „Geothermal Development Opportunity and Risk of Using Abandoned Oil-Gas Wells and Mines with MRI tests“. Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2022. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/25836/.
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Much work in geothermal is focused on technologies that make deeper drilling more economical, no matter what types of geothermal power plants are. The most important of these problems are well drilling investment cost and energy conversion efficiency, and geological earthquakes problems that can be induced by using enhanced geothermal systems (EGS). The drilling cost and energy efficiency of geothermal are caused by drilling depth. So, finding solution to reduce drilling depth and risk are essential for geothermal development.
In this study, we analyze one possible geothermal power plant development method recycling abandoned coal mines which could saving well drilling cost and reducing geology surveying risk, the geothermal wells will be drilled at the bottom of the abandoned coal mines. Then we summarize present project recycling abandoned gas-oil wells for geothermal power plant development.
Based on Paris agreement and IPCC special report on 1.5°C, we analyze the situation of renewable and conventional energy to provide the reason why we have many abandoned coal mines and abandoned gas-oil wells to recycle, then we calculate geothermal power plant capacity using abandoned coal mines and using abandoned gas-oil wells.
In the second part of this study, we analyze the geothermal risk using EGS, as long as the reservoir rock using hydraulic fracturing, the geothermal risk is the induced earthquake which is caused by fracture propagation of the reservoir rock mass, the MRI (magnetic resonance image) experiments were conducted to obtain morphology of fracture propagation process of rock samples under uniaxial load stress to simulate reservoir rock failure process and measure rock fracture propagation velocity. The results show MRI could provide high quality image of rock fracture propagation process, rock fracture propagation velocity will start from low speed to high speed when approaching the maximum stress of rock.
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Johnson, Chukwuemeka Eze. „Development of a framework for Integrated Oil and gas Pipeline Monitoring and Incident Mitigation System (IOPMIMS)“. Thesis, University of Wolverhampton, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2436/620898.
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The problem of Third Party Interference (TPI) on Oil and Gas Pipelines is on the rise across the world. TPI is not only common in developing countries but is now occasionally experienced in developed countries including Germany and the UK. The risks posed by these third-party activities on Oil and Gas pipelines are enormous and could be measured in terms of financial costs, environmental damages as well as health and safety implications. The quest for an end to these malicious activities has triggered a lot of studies into the root causes of pipeline TPI, other causes of pipeline failure, risks associated with pipeline failure and their mitigation measures. However, despite the significance of the effects of TPI, very little has been done to proffer an enduring solution through research. This research therefore aims at developing a framework for integrated oil and gas pipeline monitoring and incident mitigation system through integration of various wireless sensors for effective monitoring of oil and gas pipelines. Having identified the existing gaps in literature as lack of reliable, accurate and standard method for oil and gas pipeline risk assessment model, the study undertook a quantitative approach to develop an effective Quantitative Risk Assessment (QRA) model for pipelines. The QRA model developed benchmarks pipeline risk assessment and gives the parameters with which standard QRA could be measured. The research findings indicate that risk associated with Nigerian Pipeline system is in the intolerable region whereas TPI is an increasing menace across the globe. Further findings show that Support Vector Machine (SVM) gave the best performance with 91.2% accuracy while Neural Networks (NN) and Decision Tree (DT) gave 63% and 57% accuracies respectively in terms of pipeline failure mode prediction accuracies. It was recommended that operators should draw out Pipeline Integrity Management (PIM) programs and store pipeline data in a format that captures number of fatalities, property damages and costs as well as volume of oil or gas spilled to ensure that accurate data is obtainable for improved PIM. In conclusion, having achieved its aim and objectives evidenced by the framework, model developed, and the recommendations presented, the research has contributed in no small measure to providing a solution to pipeline incidences.
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Haigh, Antony Douglas. „Line managers' engagement in support of employees' development : a study within the oil and gas industry“. Thesis, Heriot-Watt University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10399/3170.
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Line managers who are involved with employees on a daily basis are in a unique position to support their subordinate employees’ development. However, organisations have found that achieving the required engagement from line managers is not straightforward. This particular study embraced a framework based on the Job Demands-Resources model to help understand what are the factors most influencing line managers’ engagement in support of subordinate employees’ development. Through a mixed methodology approach, combining a questionnaire instrument and focus group discussions with line managers and other stakeholders within an organisation operating in the Oil and Gas industry, this study identified several findings that have implications on different levels. The results of the study indicated that organisation factors were perceived by line managers as being more important than both opportunity factors and motivation factors and that organisation factors moderate the impact of the ability, opportunity and motivation factors. In addition, it was found that organisation factors can moderate individual/contextual variables and also that certain individual/contextual variables may moderate organisation, opportunity and motivation factors.