Zeitschriftenartikel: „Oil-air lubrication“

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Zhang, Feng, Gong Bo Han und Su Xia Duan. „Paper Machine Bearing’s Temperature and Air-Velocity Optimization under Air-Oil Lubrication“. Advanced Materials Research 550-553 (Juli 2012): 3054–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.550-553.3054.

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The purpose of this resarch was investigated the air-oil temperature field distribution under air-oil lubrication and oil lublubrication, meanwhile also study the air-oil lubrication effect under different air velocity inlet the bearing cavities of the high-speed paper machine dryer section. Base on the CFD theory, the temperature field of CARB bearing outer ring and the velocity field of the bearing cavities were simulated by the FLUENT software.Result show that air-oil lubricatin can reach the same cooling effect is contras with oil lubrication in the same heat production by roller; the best air-velocity value of air-oil lubrication system is obtain for the change of temperature and pressure in bearing cavities. It is confirm that the air-oil lubrication is viable in the high-speed paper machine dryer section.

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Zeng, Qunfeng, Jinhua Zhang, Jun Hong und Cheng Liu. „A comparative study on simulation and experiment of oil-air lubrication unit for high speed bearing“. Industrial Lubrication and Tribology 68, Nr. 3 (11.04.2016): 325–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ilt-05-2015-0066.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to design an oil-air lubrication system with low temperature rise, vibration and noise simplifies the spindle configuration. The oil-air lubrication unit is a key component for high-speed grinding machine tools. The development of oil-air lubrication unit suitable for high/ultrahigh rotational speed is a daunting task owing to the lubrication challenges. Design/methodology/approach This paper emphasizes three main issues: the analysis of oil-air two-phase flow for tradition oil-air lubrication unit with the simulation method; the design of new oil-air lubrication unit for the high/ultrahigh-speed grinding machine tools and the comparative experiment research of tradition and new oil-air lubrication unit. The optimum structure parameters that create the optimum flow pattern and operating conditions resulting in low temperature increase, vibration and noise of oil-air lubricated spindle can be achieved by the simulation method and experiments. Findings The simulation and experimental results show that new oil-air lubrication unit lubricating a high speed electric spindle has a better performance with a small temperature increase and vibration, which means that our proposed method is an effective design method for oil-air lubrication system. Originality/value A design method suitable for high-speed oil-air lubrication unit is proposed. New oil-air lubrication unit is expected to apply for high/ultrahigh rotational speed grinding machine tools.

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Cai, Lin, Jin Li Wang und Hong Tao Zheng. „An Experimental Study on Oil-Air Lubrication of Sliding Friction Element“. Applied Mechanics and Materials 34-35 (Oktober 2010): 181–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.34-35.181.

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The objective of this research is to study the lubricating property of oil-air lubrication on sliding friction element. The performance of sliding friction element under different lubrication parameters and preloads were investigated by measuring the element’s temperature and friction coefficient. The results show that oil air lubrication could complete the lubrication and cooling of sliding friction element. As the oil supply is increased at the same load, speed and air supply level, the temperature rise and friction coefficient decrease, but when the oil supply is increased to 15ml/h, they remain unchanged. As the air supply is increased at the same load, speed and oil supply level, the temperature rise decreases monotonically and the friction coefficient remains steady.

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Li, Li Quan, Shao Gang Liu und Jin Li Wang. „The Research on Oil-Air Lubrication and Oil Lubrication in the Sliding Bearing“. Key Engineering Materials 572 (September 2013): 393–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.572.393.

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In order to study the effect of oil-air lubrication on traditional sliding bearing, the experiments oil-air lubrication and oil lubrication have been done by using friction-abrasion testing machine. By means of measuring friction moment, the temperature rise of two different lubrication systems in the same conditions and studying the friction moment and the temperature rise of oil-air lubrication and oil lubrication with different load at the same rotating speed level, the results obtained show that when rotating speed and oil supply is at 210rpm and 1.4L/h level, the friction moment of traditional sliding bearing with oil lubrication increases significantly after the load 900N, and when rotating speed, oil supply and air pressure is at 210rpm , 30ml/h and 0.25MPa level, the friction moment of traditional sliding bearing with oil-air lubrication increases significantly after the load 1500N. The friction moment of oil-air lubrication and oil lubrication is almost the same before the load 900N, and after the load 900N, the friction moment of oil-air lubrication is much lower than the oil lubrication. The oil-air lubrication temperature rise is much lower than the oil lubrication in traditional sliding bearing with the same experimental conditions.

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Wen, Guan, Youhua Ge, Dai Zhendong und Zheng Gao. „Study on aeronautical steel under minimal quantity lubrication“. Industrial Lubrication and Tribology 67, Nr. 5 (10.08.2015): 402–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ilt-04-2013-0044.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate that if the lubrication system of a helicopter reducer is compromised, its gears and bearings will be at non-lubricating oil work state, which causes the reducer to be damaged in a very short time. Design/methodology/approach – Various 2 per cent additives were injected and mixed with aeronautical oil to produce 45-min oil/mist lubrication and oil/air lubrication experiments performed upon aeronautical steel tribo-pairs. Findings – The results show that the best anti-wear effect is produced by oil/air lubrication that contains 2 per cent T391. It consumes the least quantity of oil and produces the least wear width, the least rise in temperature and the best surface wear quality. Originality/value – The technology of oil/air lubrication that contains an extreme-pressure and anti-wear additive is a feasible way to improve the operational ability of a helicopter transmission system that is out of oil.

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Wang, Jin Li, Li Quan Li und Shao Gang Liu. „The Research on Oil-Air Lubrication in Grooved Sliding Bearing“. Key Engineering Materials 572 (September 2013): 384–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.572.384.

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Many Factors affect the oil-air lubrication of sliding bearing such as oil supply, air pressure, load, bearing structure and so on. In order to study the effects of bearing structure on oil-air lubrication in sliding bearing, the oil-air lubrication and oil lubrication experiments of grooved sliding bearing have been done by using friction-abrasion testing machine. By means of measuring the temperature rise and the friction coefficient of grooved sliding bearing on oil-air lubrication and oil lubrication with different level of load at the same rotating speed, the results obtained show that the friction coefficient of oil-air lubrication with oil supply 30ml/h, air pressure 0.25MPa is almost the same as oil lubrication with oil supply 1.4L/h. The oil-air lubrication temperature rise is much lower than the oil lubrication in grooved sliding bearing with the same experimental conditions.

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Tret'yakov, E. I., N. A. Yurchenko und A. A. Lysyak. „Improving Oil–Air Lubrication Systems“. Metallurgist 48, Nr. 7/8 (Juli 2004): 414–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/b:mell.0000048427.14344.72.

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Bao, Heyun, Xiaonan Hou und Fengxia Lu. „Analysis of Oil-Air Two-Phase Flow Characteristics inside a Ball Bearing with Under-Race Lubrication“. Processes 8, Nr. 10 (01.10.2020): 1223. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr8101223.

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Under-race lubrication can increase the amount of lubricating oil entering a bearing and greatly improve lubrication and cooling effects. The oil-air two-phase flow characteristics inside a ball bearing with under-race lubrication play a key role in lubrication and cooling performance. The motions of ball bearing subassemblies are complicated. Ball spin affects the oil volume fraction. In this paper, the coupled level set volume of fluid (CLSVOF) method is used to track the oil-air two-phase flow inside the ball bearing with under-race lubrication. The influence of various factors on the oil volume fraction inside the ball bearing with under-race lubrication is investigated, particularly rotating speeds, inlet velocity and the size of oil supply apertures under the inner ring. The influence of the ball spinning is analyzed separately. The result demonstrates that, on account of the centrifugal force, lubricating oil is located more on the outer ring raceway at rotational speeds of 5000 r/min, 10,000 r/min, 15,000 r/min and 20,000 r/min. The oil volume fraction inside the bearing gradually increases at an oil inlet velocity of 5 m/s, 10 m/s and 15 m/s. The circumferential distribution of oil is also similar. As the diameter of the oil supply aperture increases from 1.5 mm to 2 mm, the oil volume fraction increases inside the ball bearing. However, the oil volume fraction slightly decreases from 2 mm to 2.5 mm of oil supply aperture diameter. Ball spin does not affect the circumferential distribution trend of the lubricating oil, but slightly reduces the oil volume fraction. Furthermore, ball spin causes the surface fluid to rotate around its rotation axis and increases the speed.

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Li, Li Quan, Shao Gang Liu, Jin Li Wang und Lin Cai. „The Research on Oil-Air Lubrication and Oil Lubrication Used in the Sliding Friction Element“. Key Engineering Materials 486 (Juli 2011): 283–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.486.283.

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In order to study the effect of oil-air lubrication on sliding friction element, the experiments between oil-air lubrication and oil lubrication have been done by using friction-abrasion testing machine. By means of measuring the temperature rise, the friction coefficient of two different lubrication systems in the same conditions and studying the temperature rise and the friction coefficient of oil-air lubrication with different oil flow rate at the same load and rotating speed level, the results obtained show that when the oil flow rate of oil- air lubrication is equal to 10ml/h, the temperature rise of the element is the same as submerged lubrication caused. As the effect of oil aeration, the friction coefficient of oil-air lubrication is higher. When the load and rotating speed is at 1500N, 210rpm level, as the oil flow rate increases, the temperature rise and friction coefficient of oil-air lubrication element decreases significantly, however, they remain almost unchanged with the increasing of oil supply while the oil flow rate is increased to 15ml/h.

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Syedhidayat, Shan, Quan Wang, Al-Hadad M. A. A. Mohsen und Jinrong Wang. „Choice and Exchange of Lubricating Oil for Injection Molding Machine“. Recent Patents on Mechanical Engineering 12, Nr. 4 (26.12.2019): 378–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/2212797612666190730145515.

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Background: One of the most common manufacturing equipment for polymer product is injection molding machine. In order to ensure the precise, stable and continuous operation of the injection molding machine, the maintenance of the lubrication system must be done well. The stability, reliability, rationality and low noise performance of the lubrication system of injection molding machine directly affect the quality of injection products, dimensional accuracy, molding cycle, working environment and maintenance. Objective: The purpose of this study is to introduce the methods of choice, maintenance of lubricating oil for injection molding machine from many literatures and patents in the recent years, such as lubricating oil device, lubricating composite and structure. Methods: An example of the 260M5 automatic injection molding machine is introduced for the inspection and maintenance of the lubrication system including lubricating oil and lubricating grease. Results: To ensure the lubrication of the injection molding machine, it needs to strictly observe the lubrication time and modulus of the injection molding machine. It needs to strictly control the temperature rise of the lubricating oil and select the correct lubricating oil and grease to ensure the lubrication quality. Conclusion: In the operation of the injection molding machine, it is necessary to check that the lubricating oil is sufficient and the lubricating points are working properly. It ensures sufficient lubrication of the injection molding machine and strictly observes the lubrication time and modulus of the injection molding machine. The stored lubricating oil should be sealed well to prevent air pollution.

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Bao, Heyun, Xiaonan Hou, Xin Tang und Fengxia Lu. „Analysis of temperature field and convection heat transfer of oil-air two-phase flow for ball bearing with under-race lubrication“. Industrial Lubrication and Tribology 73, Nr. 5 (13.07.2021): 817–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ilt-03-2021-0067.

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Purpose Under-race lubrication can increase the amount of lubricating oil entering a bearing and greatly improve lubrication and cooling effects. The oil-air two-phase flow and heat transfer characteristics inside a ball bearing with under-race lubrication play a key role in lubrication and cooling performance. The purpose of this paper is to study these two characteristics, and then provide guidance for lubrication and heat dissipation of bearing with under-race lubrication. Design/methodology/approach In this paper, a simplified three-dimension heat transfer model of ball bearing with under-race lubrication is established; the coupled level set volume of fluid method is used to track the oil-air two-phase flow, and the Palmgren method is used to calculate the heat generation. The influence of rotation speed and inlet velocity on oil volume fraction, temperature and convection heat transfer is investigated. A temperature test for under-race lubrication is carried out. Findings Because of the centrifugal force, lubricating oil is located more on the outer ring raceway. As the rotation speed decreases and the inlet velocity increases, the oil volume fraction increases and the temperature decreases. Furthermore, the area with high oil volume fraction has a large convection heat transfer coefficient and low temperature. The error between the simulation temperature and the test temperature is within 10%. Originality/value The research on the temperature field and convection heat transfer characteristics of under-race lubrication ball bearings at different rotation speeds and inlet velocities is rarely involved.

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Li, Yang, Zhaojun Yang, Fei Chen und Jin Zhao. „Effect of air inlet flow rate on flow uniformity under oil-air lubrication“. Industrial Lubrication and Tribology 70, Nr. 2 (12.03.2018): 282–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ilt-12-2016-0296.

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Purpose This paper aims to investigate the effects of air inlet flow rate on the bearing cavity and operating conditions during the oil-air lubrication. Design/methodology/approach A model of oil-air lubrication of rolling bearings is established using computational fluid dynamics numerical simulation. Moreover, temperature and vibration experiments are carried out for comparisons and validation. Findings Results suggest that the velocity and pressure distributions of the oil-air flow inside the chamber are not uniform. Moreover, the uniform decreases with increasing air inlet flow rate. The non-uniform oil distribution inside the bearing significantly influences the bearing temperature rise and lubrication effect. Furthermore, the decrease in pressure uniformity enhances the vibration intensity and increases the amplitude of the vibration acceleration by more than 40 per cent. Increasing the air inlet flow rate improves lubrication and cooling efficiency but produces intense vibrations. Originality/value A method of establishing rolling bearings model under oil-air lubrication is presented in the paper. The effect of air inlet flow rate on flow uniform under oil-air lubrication has been researched insightfully. The results provide a useful reference to improve the oil-air lubrication system and enhance the operational stability of the motorized spindle.

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Sun, Qi Guo, Yue Fei Wang, Ying Wang und Hong Bo Lv. „Comparing of Temperatures of Rolling Bearing under the Oil-Air Lubrication to the Spray Lubrication“. Applied Mechanics and Materials 395-396 (September 2013): 763–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.395-396.763.

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The heat generating mechanism inside the cavity of rolling bearing is analyzed and the convective heat transfer coefficient of bearing raceway surface in different rotational speed is calculated under the oil-air lubrication and the spray lubrication in this paper. The fluid domain geometry model of deep groove ball bearing SKF6208 is established, employing the flow field module in Workbench. The comparing simulations of the temperatures of rolling bearing cavity under the oil-air lubrication to the spray lubrication are done in different rotational speed. The simulation results show that the highest temperature of bearing cavity with the oil-air lubrication is almost the same to the spray lubrication when the bearing rotational speed is lower, and the highest temperature of bearing cavity with the oil-air lubrication is far lower than the spray lubrication when the bearing rotational speed is higher. Those conclusions verify the advantages of the oil-air lubrication in high rotational speed.

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Xu, Rang Shu, Juan Juan Wang, Wei Xu und Li Bo Liu. „Numerical DPM Model for Two-Phase Flow in Aero-Engine Bearing Chamber“. Advanced Materials Research 201-203 (Februar 2011): 2267–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.201-203.2267.

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The main bearing chamber is a major part of the lubrication system in aero-engine, it is important to know the influence of operation parameters on air/oil two-phase flow, so as to optimize the design of aero-engine lubrication system. The air/oil two-phase flow in a simplified bearing chamber model in an aero-engine is simulated by means of discrete phase model (DPM) and wall-film model with CFD approach. The simulation results coincide with the existing experimental data. The oil film thickness and concentration of droplets in bearing chamber are presented at different rotational speeds and different lubricating oil flow rates.

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Liu, Shao Gang, Li Quan Li und Jin Li Wang. „The Research on the Lubricating Property of Oil-Air Lubrication in the Sliding Friction Element“. Key Engineering Materials 572 (September 2013): 397–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.572.397.

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The influence of the oil supply, nozzle type, air supply, the performance of sliding friction element under the lubrication preloads were investigated by measuring the element’s temperature and friction coefficient based on the M2000-A friction wear testing machine. When the load, rotating speed and air supply is at 1500N, 210rpm and 2.25 m3/h level respectively, as the oil supply is increased, the temperature rises and friction coefficient decreases. The temperature rise decreases monotonically. The friction coefficient rises monotonically with the air supply increases when the air supply is less than 2.4m3/h, but when the air supply is more than 2.4m3/h, the friction coefficient decreases monotonically. Furthermore, when the oil supply is reached 15ml/h, they remain almost unchanged regardless of direct nozzle and conical nozzle. Nevertheless, the direct nozzle is more suitable than the conical nozzle in oil-air lubrication of the sliding friction pairs .

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Li, Song Hua, Yu Hou Wu und Ke Zhang. „Parameter Optimization for Oil/Air Lubrication of High Speed Ceramic Motorized Spindle without Bearing Inner Rings“. Applied Mechanics and Materials 37-38 (November 2010): 839–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.37-38.839.

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Recently, hybrid ceramic bearings and oil/air lubrication have been used more and more on high speed spindles. However, applying an appropriate lubrication and the hybrid bearings can’t be overemphasized, and the oil/air supply with inadequate parameters is undesirable. In this study, a high speed ceramic spindle equipped with HIPSN (Hot Isostatically Pressed Silicon Nitride) full-ceramic ball bearing and Y-TZP (Yttria partially stabilized Tetragonal Zirconia Polycrystal) ceramic spindle shaft was designed for higher speed, stiffness, precision and longer operating life. Furthermore, the performance of a high-speed ceramic motorized spindle under different lubrication parameters was investigated. The optimum lubrication conditions that create the smallest temperature increase were obtained by the applying of the Taguchi method. The results show that oil volume per lubrication cycle, interval time per lubrication cycle and air pressure are three pacing factors that affect the temperature increase most significantly in ceramic motorized spindle with oil/air lubrication.

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Wang, Jin Li, Li Quan Li und Lin Cai. „The Numerical Study of Oil Drop Jet from Oil-Air Lubrication Nozzle“. Advanced Materials Research 201-203 (Februar 2011): 361–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.201-203.361.

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Nozzle is an important part of oil-air lubrication system. This paper uses Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) software FLUENT to study the flow field of oil air, and different air pressure and nozzle throat size are discussed. The results show that: When air pressure is increased from 0.05Mpa to 0.1Mpa, the maximum diameter (2mm) percentage reduces, but the diameters distribution is almost unchanged as the air pressure is increased to 0.3MPa. The throat diameter is decreased, the mean Sauter diameter of oil drop reduces. This paper will provide a theoretical basis for oil-air lubrication nozzle design and selection.

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Lu, Fengxia, Meng Wang, Wenbin Pan, Heyun Bao und Wenchang Ge. „CFD-Based Investigation of Lubrication and Temperature Characteristics of an Intermediate Gearbox with Splash Lubrication“. Applied Sciences 11, Nr. 1 (31.12.2020): 352. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11010352.

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In this study, we propose a computational fluid dynamics (CFD)-based method to study the lubrication and temperature characteristics of an intermediate gearbox with splash lubrication. A volume of fluid (VOF) multiphase model was used to track the interface between oil and air. A multiple reference frame (MRF) model was adopted to accurately simulate the movement characteristics of the gears, bearings, and the surrounding flow field. The thermal-fluid coupling computational model of an intermediate gearbox with splash lubrication was then established. Combined with experimental results, we verified that the lubricating oil temperature was below the limit requirement (<110 °C). The numerical results revealed that large amounts of lubricating oil were splashed onto the tooth surfaces near the gear meshing area. A large convective heat transfer coefficient corresponds to a low gear tooth surface temperature. The tooth surface temperature of the driving gear is higher than that of the driven gear. The distribution law of oil volume fraction of the bearing roller was jointly affected by the roller rotation direction and gravity. The convective heat transfer coefficient of the roller wall was largely related to the lubrication environment of the roller, including the oil distribution inside the bearing cavity and the flow rate.

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Liu, Cong, Baohong Tong, Guotao Zhang, Wei Wang, Kun Liu und Peimin Xu. „Effect of behavior of oil–air lubrication flow on characteristic of point contact sliding wear“. Industrial Lubrication and Tribology 71, Nr. 3 (08.04.2019): 381–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ilt-08-2018-0305.

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Purpose This paper aims to investigate the influence of oil–air lubrication flow behavior on point contact sliding wear characteristics. Design/methodology/approach Oil–air lubrication equations between point contact counterparts were established on the basis of volume of fluid model. The effects of oil supply and injection azimuth on oil-phase volume fraction and its pressure distribution were simulated with commercial software Fluent. Characteristics of point contact sliding wear were then tested with an MFT-3000 friction tester under oil–air lubrication condition. The influence of flow behavior on wear characteristic was investigated combined with numerical and experimental results. The wear mechanism was revealed using SEM, EDS and ferrography. Findings When air supply speed is constant, the oil-phase volume fraction increases with the increase in oil supply, which helps form continuous oil film and decrease the sliding wear evidently. The injection angle and distance considerably influence the oil–air flow behavior. When injecting at a certain distance and angle, the oil-phase volume fraction reaches its maximum, and the abrasion loss is minimal. Under the test conditions in this study, abrasive particles are mainly debris and a few spiral cuttings. The wear mechanism is abrasive wear. Originality/value The influence of the behavior of oil–air lubrication flow on the characteristic of point contact sliding wear is analyzed. This work provides guidance for the application of oil–air lubrication technology in point contact friction pairs.

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Li, Song Sheng, Zhi Hong Hu, Peng Zhou, Peng Chen, Xiao Yang Chen, Jia Ming Gu und Li Xia Fu. „Analysis of Heating Performances for Ultra-High Speed Electric Spindle Bearings Based on the Energy Theory of TEHL in Point Contact State“. Applied Mechanics and Materials 37-38 (November 2010): 135–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.37-38.135.

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To analyze the lubricating state and the heating performances of the spindle bearings in ultra-high speed electric spindles, taken the characteristics of oil-air lubrication into account and based on the theories about rolling bearing dynamics and thermal elasto-hydrodynamic lubrication in point contact state, a model was built with the energy method for analyzing the heating performances the ball elements on both raceways in spindle bearings. An equation was derived for calculating the total quality of heat produced in a bearing. The influences of some basic factors such as the running speed, the axial preload, the oil viscidity, the design contact angle of bearing, and the ball materials and so on are analyzed on the heating performances in a bearing. The results show that it is easy to come into being elasto-hydrodynamic lubrication state for a bearing running in an ultra high-speed and lubricated by oil-air. It is also shown that the higher speed is, the more the quality of heat produced inside the oil films in the elasto-hydrodynamic lubrication state will be, which will bring the bearings working conditions worse.

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Sun, Qi Guo, Zheng Hui Zhou, Hong Bo Lv und Yue Fei Wang. „Study on Distribution Performance of a New Oil-Air Distributor in Oil-Air Lubrication System“. Advanced Materials Research 889-890 (Februar 2014): 352–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.889-890.352.

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The fluid domain model of a new oil-air distributor in oil-air lubrication system is built and the phase distribution of oil and air two-phase flow on distribution interface is simulated based on the CFD model in Fluent, the mass flow rate of oil and air are collected from three different cross sections when the structures of oil-air guidance slot are designed as a plane, sphere and cone shape respectively, then the influence of oil-air guidance slot structure on the performance of distributor is analyzed in the oil-air lubrication system in this paper. The results show that the spherical surface and conical surface of oil-air guidance slot can improve the uniformity and stability of the oil and air two-phase flow distribution, promote the flow pattern to form a continuous annular oil film. Among these three structures of oil-air guidance slot, we also find that the distribution performance of conical surface is the best.

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Wang, Jin Li, Lin Cai und Hong Tao Zheng. „Experiment Study of Oil-Air Lubrication on Cooling of Turning Tools“. Advanced Materials Research 189-193 (Februar 2011): 3187–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.189-193.3187.

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When lubricants are used according to special requirements, it is possible to achieve considerable cost savings. Compared to conventional coolant cooling technology used in metal cutting, oil-air lubrication increases cooling performance, avoids environmental pollution, reduces running and maintenance costs. The cutting temperature contrast experimental research was based on close to practice 45# steel in dry cutting, wet cutting and oil-air lubrication conditions. The research work concentrated on the superiority of oil-air lubrication cooling and the influence of cutting amount on temperature. The experimental results show that oil-air lubrication is more effective in reducing the cutting temperature than wet cutting or dry cutting, this paper details the cutting temperature curves at several different tests provides a basis for industrial production, improves the level of machining process and the significance was being reported.

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Sun, Qi Guo, Zheng Hui Zhou und Yue Fei Wang. „Orthogonal Experiment on Characteristic Parameters of Oil-Air Lubrication System“. Applied Mechanics and Materials 668-669 (Oktober 2014): 336–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.668-669.336.

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Orthogonal experiments on oil content are done on a test rig in our lab by ECT (electrical capacitance tomography) technology under different experiment data groups which includes 3 kinds of characteristic parameters, such as air pressures, oil volume-per-cycle and lubrication cycle, of the system. The influence degree of the three characteristic parameters on oil content is sorted, and then the optimum experimental conditions resulted in the smallest oil content and the most stable distribution of oil film are obtained respectively from the experiments, and finally the change trend of the effect of lubrication cycle on the oil content is got by changing lubrication cycle, one of the 3 characteristic parameters, at a time and keeping 2 left characteristic parameters at the best level above proposed. These results will help us to research and apply further in the oil–air lubrication system.

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Sun, Qi Guo, Ali Cai, Zheng Hui Zhou, Zhi Hong Li und Xiong Shi Wang. „Analysis for the Fluctuation Characteristics of Annular Flow in the Oil-Air Lubrication System“. Applied Mechanics and Materials 487 (Januar 2014): 408–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.487.408.

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Fluctuation characteristics of the pressure drop distribution and liquid film distribution along a pipe of the oil-air annular flow in oil-air lubrication system are calculated respectively introducing Chisholm constant c base on the Chisholm theory and simulated by Fluent in this paper. The results show that the theoretical calculation results of the pressure drop and liquid film agree qualitatively with the simulation results, and the fluctuation characteristics of the pressure drop and liquid film thickness are augmented respectively when the air velocity increases. These conclusions will do favors for predicting and controlling the lubricant in the oil-air lubrication system.

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DellaCorte, Christopher, Antonio R. Zaldana und Kevin C. Radil. „A Systems Approach to the Solid Lubrication of Foil Air Bearings for Oil-Free Turbomachinery“. Journal of Tribology 126, Nr. 1 (01.01.2004): 200–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1609485.

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Foil air bearings are self-acting hydrodynamic bearings which rely upon solid lubricants to reduce friction and minimize wear during sliding which occurs at start-up and shut-down when surface speeds are too low to allow the formation of a hydrodynamic air film. This solid lubrication is typically accomplished by coating the nonmoving foil surface with a thin, soft polymeric film. The following paper introduces a systems approach in which the solid lubrication is provided by a combination of self lubricating shaft coatings coupled with various wear resistant and lubricating foil coatings. The use of multiple materials, each providing different functions is modeled after oil-lubricated hydrodynamic sleeve bearing technology which utilizes various coatings and surface treatments in conjunction with oil lubricants to achieve optimum performance. In this study, room temperature load capacity tests are performed on journal foil air bearings operating at 14,000 rpm. Different shaft and foil coating technologies such as plasma sprayed composites, ceramic, polymer and inorganic lubricant coatings are evaluated as foil bearing lubricants. The results indicate that bearing performance is improved through the individual use of the lubricants and treatments tested. Further, combining several solid lubricants together yielded synergistically better results than any material alone.

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Ren, Jia Long, Y. Su, X. Y. Guan, Y. W. Li und Q. X. Wang. „Experimental Study on the Effect of Cold Air Cutting on Cutting Temperature, Cutting Force and Tool Wear during Machinging of Cr12 Tool Steel“. Key Engineering Materials 431-432 (März 2010): 334–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.431-432.334.

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Cold air cutting is a kind of environmetnally friendly cutting technology. The present study investigated the influence of cold air and cold air with oil mist on cutting temperature, cutting force and tool wear in the machining of Cr12 tool steel. For comparision, dry and flood coolant was also used as the cooling/lubrication conditions in the experiments. The findings of the study show that cold air with oil mist was the most effective cooling/lubrication condition in reducing the cutting temperature, cutting force and tool wear during the machining of Cr12 tool steel.

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Zhirkin, Yu V., E. A. Puzik und N. L. Sultanov. „Design of heavy-duty bearings with oil–air lubrication“. Russian Engineering Research 36, Nr. 12 (Dezember 2016): 1001–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.3103/s1068798x16120200.

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Kaneko, Satoru, Hiroyuki Takabatake und Kanya Ito. „Numerical Analysis of Static Characteristics at Start of Operation in Porous Journal Bearings With Sealed Ends“. Journal of Tribology 121, Nr. 1 (01.01.1999): 62–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2833812.

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Static characteristics at the start of the operation are theoretically investigated in a porous journal bearing with sealed ends lubricated only by the oil initially provided within its pores. This is a preliminary study for estimating the variation of these characteristics with running time. A simple analytical model of the mixed lubrication regime is proposed on the basis of the assumption that the external forces acting on the journal, i.e., the applied static load, the oil-film force and the force at the boundary friction part, are balanced. Numerical results show that air penetrates into the porous matrix at the oil-film rupture zone due to negative pressure in the porous matrix; this causes the reduction of oil content within the porous matrix and contributes to formation of the oil film in the bearing clearance. The oil leakage from the porous matrix induced by the air penetration suggests that, even if hydrodynamic lubrication conditions are possible at the start of operation, the lubrication mode will become mixed or boundary lubrication conditions with running time. The numerical data on the static characteristics are presented in graphical form, illustrating the effects of the Sommerfeld number in the hydrodynamic and mixed lubrication regimes.

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Sukumaran, J., V. Rodriguez, Y. Perez Delgado, P. De Baets, M. Ando, H. Dhieb und P. Neis. „A review on water lubrication of polymers“. International Journal Sustainable Construction & Design 3, Nr. 2 (06.11.2012): 144–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.21825/scad.v3i2.20568.

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Water lubrication for polymers which is an economical solution has not been completelyreviewed from the qualitative perspective. A comparative study on water lubrication of polymers helpsto understand the fundamental aspects of tribology relevant to the different applications. The use ofwater as a lubricating material has been effective after the development of phenolic resins, further towhich the advancements in thermoplastics has increased the water lubrication to a greater extent.Most of the researches on water lubrication of polymers reported a positive frictional character anduncertain wear behavior on comparing with air and oil lubrication. From the existing literature inpolymer tribology with different parameters such as contact pressure, velocity and composition ofmaterials there is a lack of knowledge in understanding the mechanism involved during the wearprocess for water lubrication. Moreover, connection between the mechanical properties of polymerunder wet condition relating to the water lubricated polymers could give appropriate results oftribological behavior. Exploring the tribo-mechanical characteristic in wet condition aids to chooseappropriate material for water lubricated applications.

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Cui, Ziqiang, Chengyi Yang, Benyuan Sun und Huaxiang Wang. „Liquid Film Thickness Estimation using Electrical Capacitance Tomography“. Measurement Science Review 14, Nr. 1 (01.02.2014): 8–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/msr-2014-0002.

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Abstract In air/oil lubrication systems, the flow parameters, e.g., flow pattern, liquid film thickness, and air/oil flow rate, are of great importance to the transportation efficiency. In most cases, the on-going two-phase flow is annular flow with the oil moving along the tube wall and the air travelling at high speed in the center. This usually results in the formation of a thin oil film, the thickness of which is a key parameter determining the efficiency of the lubrication system. As the oil film thickness of the on-going air/oil flow varies dynamically, there is actually no applicable method for a non-intrusive test. In this paper, the use of electrical capacitance tomography (ECT) to investigate the air/oil flow has been studied. Capacitance measurements are made from an externally mounted electrode array in a non-invasive and non-intrusive manner. Both average and distributed oil film thicknesses can be calculated from the reconstructed ECT images. Simulation and experimental results show that the ECT technique can provide satisfactory results of online oil film thickness estimation

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Wu, Hao Tian, und Guo Ding Chen. „The Calculation of Two-Phase Gas/Liquid Homogenous Flow in Bearing Chambers“. Materials Science Forum 532-533 (Dezember 2006): 717–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.532-533.717.

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The research of lubrication oil flow on gas/liquid two-phase flow is necessary in the designing process of engine bearing. It influences the consequent design and the whole engine’s reliability. This paper proposes the two-phase homogenous flow model considering lubrication oil and air. Based on the homogenous flow model, the Navier-Stokes equations is solved by the methods of the turbulent model and Finite Differential Method (FDM) to obtain the flow field and the influence of conditional and structural parameters on the flow. With the results, the results from single flow model and two-phase homogenous flow are compared. And the effects of air volume fraction, rotor speed and lubrication oil speed at entrance on exit pressure and speed are discussed.

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Moon, Jae-Heum, Hyeong-Dae Lee und Seok-Il Kim. „Lubrication characteristics analysis of an air-oil lubrication system using an experimental design method“. International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing 14, Nr. 2 (23.01.2013): 289–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12541-013-0040-z.

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Li, Miaomiao, Yu Wang, Weifang Chen und Rupeng Zhu. „Temperature rise characteristics for angular-contact ball bearings with oil-air lubrication based on fluid-solid conjugate heat transfer“. Advances in Mechanical Engineering 13, Nr. 1 (Januar 2021): 168781402199092. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1687814021990927.

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At present, the thermal analysis of oil-air-lubricated angular-contact ball bearings uses empirical heat transfer coefficients to calculate heat transfer. This approach presents problems such as simulating the actual lubrication flow field and ignoring the internal heat conduction in the bearing ring. This paper proposes a CFD steady-state analysis model of oil-air-lubricated angular-contact ball bearings based on fluid-solid conjugate heat transfer to analyze the flow field and temperature field. A temperature rise test of oil-air-lubricated angular-contact ball bearings was carried out to verify the positive determination of the simulation analysis results. Based on a fluid-solid conjugate heat transfer steady-state analysis model, the effects of lubrication parameters, operating conditions, and rolling element materials on the temperature rise characteristics of oil-air-lubricated angular-contact ball bearings were studied. The research results provide a method for analyzing the temperature rise characteristics of oil-lubricated bearings and provide a basis for the analysis of oil-lubricated bearing life.

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Tong, Bao Hong, Xiao Qian Sun und Hong Su. „Numerical Simulation on Internal Flow Field of Rolling Bearing under Oil-Air Lubrication“. Applied Mechanics and Materials 271-272 (Dezember 2012): 1056–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.271-272.1056.

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Heat dissipation and working efficiency of transport air in rolling bearing under oil-air lubrication are closely related to the flowing state of oil-air in bearing chamber. For cylindrical roller bearing NF211, numerical simulation model of oil-air flow field in bearing chamber was established combining with the practical structure features of rolling bearing and ignoring the effect caused by roller rotation. Combining with flow field numerical simulation functions of Fluent software, simulation analysis of the flow state in bearing chamber were carried out. Based on k-ε turbulent model, three-dimensional flow field in the bearing chamber and main feature parameters of inner flow were got analyzed carefully considering the effect of twirling. Comparing with the numerical simulation of simplified flow field, it showed that energy dissipation and axial velocity of the air were influenced by the effect of twirling distinctly. Simulation results were expected to give useful references for the optimization design of the oil-air lubrication system in rolling bearing.

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Aramaki, Hirotoshi, Yoshio Shoda, Yuka Morishita und Takeshi Sawamoto. „The Performance of Ball Bearings With Silicon Nitride Ceramic Balls in High Speed Spindles for Machine Tools“. Journal of Tribology 110, Nr. 4 (01.10.1988): 693–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3261715.

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Two types of angular contact ball bearings for machine tools having steel rings and silicon nitride balls were tested and the temperature rise was compared with that of conventional steel ball bearings with grease lubrication and oil-air lubrication as well. Experimental results indicated that the temperature rise of silicon nitride ball bearings was much lower than that of steel ball bearings at high speeds. Calculations made using a computer demonstrated that the reduction of gyroscopic moments and centrifugal forces acting on balls because of the low density of silicon nitride resulted in about 30 to 50 percent less frictional loss at high speeds even with low-cost lubrication such as grease or oil-air.

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Niu, Wentao, Yanzhong Wang, Yanyan Chen und Guanhua Song. „Air barrier effect in out of mesh jet lubrication of ultra-high speed spur gears“. Industrial Lubrication and Tribology 69, Nr. 2 (13.03.2017): 81–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ilt-12-2015-0208.

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Purpose This paper aims to reveal the mechanism of air barrier effect in jet lubrication and to figure out the influence of gear parameters and conditions on air barrier, thus providing guidance to the design of jet lubrication in ultra-high speed gear cooling system. Design/methodology/approach The computational fluid dynamics method is used to calculate the flow and pressure of ultra-high speed gears. The flow and pressure distributions are obtained under different gear parameters and working conditions, so their variations are obtained. A multiphase flow model is established to simulate the flow regime of oil jet to ultra-high speed gears. Simple experiments are carried out to observe the air barrier effect of high-speed gears. Findings Air barrier effect exists in the jet lubrication of ultra-high speed spur gears, which could prevent oil jet to reach on the gear surfaces. The results show that the generated pressure has positive relations with gear speed, module and width; however, as the increasing of gear width, their marginal contribution to pressure is decreasing. The computational results coincide well with the experimental results. Originality/value The research presented here proposed the air barrier effect of ultra-high speed gears for the first time. It also leads to a design reference guideline that could be used in jet lubrication of ultra-high speed gears, thus preventing lubrication and cooling failures.

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Höhn, B. R., K. Michaelis und H. P. Otto. „Minimised gear lubrication by a minimum oil/air flow rate“. Wear 266, Nr. 3-4 (Februar 2009): 461–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wear.2008.04.037.

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Lin, Shen Yung, und Jheng Hua Li. „Running Behavior of a High-Speed Spindle Using a Micro-Mist Lubrication System“. Materials Science Forum 773-774 (November 2013): 400–408. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.773-774.400.

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This work investigates the effect of lubrication parameter on the operation performance of a high-speed spindle using a micro-mist lubrication system. Experiments are conducted through a long-time spindle test under different combinations of oil-supply parameter and rotating speed for a micro-mist lubricated spindle. The correspondent relationships among temperature rise, vibration, oil-supply parameter and rotating speed are established through the experiments under moderate oil-supply. The results show that the better oil-supply parameter combinations exist under different spindle rotating speeds, which could ensure the sufficient and adequate lubricating oil film to be formed and a stable elasto-hydro-dynamic lubrication could be further created during the operation period. The minimization of the temperature rise in bearings may be attained. Increasing air pressure contributed to the reduction in bearing temperature, but saturation might be appeared after the pressure level reached to a certain extent. The dynamic response measurement shows that this prototype spindle has an overly large vibration and rotation unbalance on the radial plane, which highlights the unstable operation problem of the spindle. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the constructed procedures, such as design, manufacture, and assembly for further use, to enhance the operation performance of the spindle. The analysis, measurement and diagnosis procedures established in this study could be helpful to uplift the related techniques for precision machinery industry.

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Banerjee, Nilanjan, und Abhay Sharma. „Improving machining performance of Ti-6Al-4V through multi-point minimum quantity lubrication method“. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part B: Journal of Engineering Manufacture 233, Nr. 1 (01.02.2018): 321–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954405417754164.

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This article provides an improved lubrication system for minimum quantity lubrication machining wherein oil is locally supplied and individually controlled at different heating zones during machining operation. The proposed lubrication method, that is, a multi-point minimum quantity lubrication system, is aimed at improving energy efficiency and environmental friendliness of cutting process. An experimental system is devised in which process parameters, such as air pressure, stroke volume (i.e. amount of oil in one stroke of pump), stroke frequency, and oil distribution factor (i.e. proportion of oil at rake and flank face), are individually controlled for each supply system. The devised system is demonstrated through machining of Ti-6Al-4V. The results of the experimental study on effects of oil quantity and supply method on specific cutting energy, tool wear, and machined surface quality are presented and discussed and corroborated with scientific evidence. The study suggests that distributing oil at the rake face and the flank face in unequal proportions can be more beneficial than injecting it solely at a single location. The investigation also provides mechanism of multi-point minimum quantity lubrication machining through analysis of adiabatic shear zones, observed in scanning electron microscope images of chips.

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Cai, Lin, Jin Li Wang und Hong Tao Zheng. „Experiment and Numerical Study of Annular Flow Entrainment Mechanism in Oil-Air Lubrication Pipe“. Advanced Materials Research 189-193 (Februar 2011): 1782–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.189-193.1782.

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Annular flow is a based flow pattern of two-phase in the pipe, and oil air flow in delivery pipe of Oil-Air lubrication (OAL) system is one of them. In order to learn the entrainment mechanism of annular flow in OAL pipe, both experiment adopted observational method and numerical simulation used Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) were carried out. The pipe diameter is 4mm and Volume of Fluid (VOF) model was used for two phase flow in simulation. The results shows that: it is a wave-annular flow in OAL pipe, and the oil wave in pipe is affected by air, when air velocity is low, the wave is clearly and regularly, but when air velocity increases, the wave become turbulent. When oil or air flow rate increases, the shear stress of pipe wall will be increased, the wave height will be increased as air velocity increases.

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POSMYK, Andrzej. „TRIBOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF COMPOSITE COATINGS ON ALUMINIUM ALLOY PARTS FOR TRANSPORT MEANS“. Tribologia 272, Nr. 2 (30.04.2018): 149–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0010.6335.

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The present paper describes the structure, surface topography, and tribological properties of a DLC composite coating produced by magnetron sputtering on an engine cylinder liner AC-AlSi12NiCuMg (AC-47000) cast alloy as well as on AW-A6061 aluminium alloy matrix W6.A15A composite (AW-6061+10Al2O3P) used for the production of oil-less air compressor cylinders and car roof sliders. The DLC coating slid against a TG15 sliding composite under dry friction, which is an equivalent to the friction system for oil-less air compressors and against cast iron under limited lubrication conditions (boundary lubrication). The limited lubrication conditions are dominant during the starting of a cold combustion engine, when the viscosity of oil is too high and the splash lubrication is not sufficient. The DLC coatings’ properties are compared with the anodic hard coatings (AHC) and composite coating with an AHC matrix applied in sliding contacts presently used. The wear of composite TG15 during sliding against DLC was higher than during sliding against AHC. The DLC coating can replace the anodic hard coating and composite coatings on its matrix presently used in sliding contacts.

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Sun, Qi Guo, Zheng Hui Zhou und Yue Fei Wang. „Experiment of Effects of Oil Volume-Per-Cycle on Oil Film’s Thickness under Oil-Air Lubrication“. Applied Mechanics and Materials 620 (August 2014): 476–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.620.476.

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Abstract: Thickness of oil film, a parameter of an oil-air lubrication system, is an important evaluation criterion for two-phase annular flow flowed in the system. Experiment of the effects of oil volume-per-cycle on oil film’s thickness is done on a special test rig using ECT technology, and then the changing rule of oil film’s thickness is analyzed in this paper. The results show that, at the first the thickness of oil film is thinness and weakness, and then it changes to thickness and stabilization, at the last the oil focusing on the bottom of tube. The break of annular flow and the blocking of oil at elbow tube have been studied experimentally and theoretically.

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Sun, Qi Guo, Yue Fei Wang, Ying Wang, Peng Niu und Xiong Shi Wang. „Numerical Study on Rolling Bearing Temperature Field under the Oil-Air Lubrication“. Applied Mechanics and Materials 487 (Januar 2014): 580–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.487.580.

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Speed of rolling bearing and flow rate of air have important influences on the bearing’s working temperature under the oil-air lubrication mode. Based on basic principle of lubrication, one of the heat productivity equations of deep groove ball bearing is selected to calculate the heat value of bearing’s cavity. The bearing’s temperature field is simulated by Fluent at different rotational speeds and air flow rates. Results of the simulation show that the highest temperatures of bearing have a quantitative relationship with the bearing’s rotational speeds. The relationships between the velocity of inlet and heat transfer coefficient, viscosity of the lubricant and the heating of bearing are analyzed in the end of this paper.

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Liang, He, Dan Guo, Liran Ma und Jianbin Luo. „The film forming behavior at high speeds under oil−air lubrication“. Tribology International 91 (November 2015): 6–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.triboint.2015.06.010.

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Dudorov, E. A., A. I. Ruzanov und Yu V. Zhirkin. „Introducing an oil-air lubrication system at a continuous-casting machine“. Steel in Translation 39, Nr. 4 (April 2009): 351–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.3103/s0967091209040160.

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Sun, Qi Guo, Xiong Shi Wang, Ying Wang und Zhi Hong Li. „The Characteristics of the Annular Flow through the Sudden-Expansion Pipe of the Oil-Air Lubrication System“. Advanced Materials Research 889-890 (Februar 2014): 358–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.889-890.358.

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The characteristics of the sudden-expansion pipe in oil-air lubrication system have been analyzed based on Fluent. The results show that the pressure and oil film mutate when the annular flow through the sudden-expansion pipe and the suddenly change of position of pressure and film is not affected by the inlet air velocity, however, the strength of pressure and film is in direct ratio with the inlet air velocity. The film of oil-air annular flow in the pipeline before the suddenly expanding part is well-distributed, but the distribution after that is widely affected by the air velocity and the pipe diameter, and furthermore the larger air velocity and pipe diameter increase the degree of dispersion of the annular flow film.

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GÓRNY, Kasper, Arkadiusz STACHOWIAK, Przemysław TYCZEWSKI und Wiesław ZWIERZYCKI. „THE EVALUATION OF TRIBOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF MINERAL OILS-R600a REFRIGERANT MIXTURES UNDER STARVED LUBRICATION CONDITIONS“. Tribologia 285, Nr. 3 (30.06.2019): 39–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.5432.

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In refrigeration compressors, the amount of oil in tribocontacts in certain situations may be insufficient. In this case, poor lubrication conditions may occur. There may also be a situation in which the areas of lubrication lack lubricant and the lubrication of the friction pairs will be carried out by only the refrigerant. The requirements related to legal regulations and concerning refrigerants result in the return to the use of natural substances such as hydrocarbons. These substances do not contribute to the enlargement of the ozone hole and the greenhouse effect. The most commonly used refrigerant in the group of low-capacity devices is R600a (isobutene). The article verifies the test method allowing one to assess lubricity properties of oils for refrigeration compressors in the mixture with a refrigerant under the conditions of poor lubrication. The article also contains the results of wear tests which allow one to assess and contrast lubricity properties of oil–refrigerant mixtures for three mineral oils of the same viscosity grade under the conditions of poor lubrication in cooperation with R600a. The tests were performed for the air, R600a, mineral oils, and oil–refrigerant mixtures.

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Kozdrach, Rafał. „The influence of base oil type on the rheological properties of ecological lubricating greases“. Nafta-Gaz 77, Nr. 2 (Februar 2021): 127–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.18668/ng.2021.02.07.

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The article presents the results of research on the influence the type of base oil in lubricating compositions has on the rheological parameters of selected lubricants. Vegetable, mineral, and synthetic dispersion phases were used to produce lubricating greases. The modified amorphous silica was used as the dispersed phase. However, as a modifying additive was used a substance containing the antioxidants, corrosion inhibitors, and EP/AW additives. The experiments on rheological properties were carried out using a Physica MCR 101 rotational rheometer (manufactured by Anton Paar), equipped with a diffusion air bearing and connected to a pneumatic supply – an oil-free Jun-Air compressor and air drying block. The device is equipped with a Peltier system for temperature control in the range of –20°C to 200°C and an external thermostatic VISCOTHERM V2 system, working in the temperature range of –20°C to 200°C. The rheometer control and measurement data analysis were performed using Rheoplus software. The tests were carried out using a cone-plate measuring system with a shear rate range of 0.01–100 s-1 at 20°C for lubricating compositions prepared on various oil bases. To evaluate the value of rheological parameters, the results of tests of the dependence between shear stress and shear rate (flow curves) were used. For the theoretical determined on the flow curves, the following rheological models were used: Bingham, Herschel–Bulkley, Casson, and Tscheuschner. The values of the shear stress (yield point) in depending on the type of dispersion phase has changed. This proves that the use of a base oil with the appropriate functional properties does not weaken, but reinforces the spatial structure of a lubricating grease. It has an important meaning when selecting construction parameters when designing a central lubrication system with grease made from a vegetable oil base (Abyssinian oil). The rheological properties of the lubricating grease are influenced by the type of base oil and thickener, any additives in the grease, the production technology of the grease, and the conditions in which it is used. The tests revealed an important influence of the base oil on the rheological parameters that describe the behaviour of lubricating compositions subjected to stresses and strains in a lubricating system.

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Wu, Cheng-Hsien, und Yu-Tai Kung. „A parametric study on oil/air lubrication of a high-speed spindle“. Precision Engineering 29, Nr. 2 (April 2005): 162–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.precisioneng.2004.06.005.

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Yeo, S. H., K. Ramesh und Z. W. Zhong. „Ultra-high-speed grinding spindle characteristics upon using oil/air mist lubrication“. International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture 42, Nr. 7 (Mai 2002): 815–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0890-6955(02)00013-5.

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