Dissertationen: „Official’s role“

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Sandberg, Johan, und Marie Volkevics. „Visselblåsning - möjlighet eller bekymmer? : En undersökning hur skolledare upplever sin roll och vilket stöd som finns när en medarbetare visselblåser“. Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för ekonomi, samhälle och teknik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-55075.

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The possibility to report misconduct at your workplace is fundamental in the public sector. Studies about employees who blow the whistle have been made before but not from the perspective of the manager and how they handle it and what kind of support they have. The meaning of this study is from a manager perspective, in this case school leaders, is to see what kind of support they have and what role the school leader has, if they are representing the teachers or the political administration. Based on different theories concerning whistleblowing and different kinds of official types and organizational models, this study intends to answer where school leaders see themselves in the borderland between working based on the Education Act and based on the Local Government Act and the economic rule that prevail. The study also deals with the power perspective based on the school leader’s role in the own organization’s hierarchy, both as the highest in command at its school unit and as subordinate to an administration/board/owner. In this study, seven school leaders and one person who is very familiar with how the administration works with issues concerning misconduct are interviewed. Based on the answers from those interviews, it has been possible to draw some conclusions and see several common denominates among the respondents, including that school leaders rely more on their own profession when it comes to problem management than using the administration’s/head office’s collective expertise.
Möjligheten att rapportera missförhållanden på sin arbetsplats är en grundläggande del i den offentliga verksamheten. Visselblåsning gjorda av medarbetare har varit föremål för studier tidigare men chefens perspektiv av att kunna hantera dem och stödet de får när det sker finns inte dokumenterat i samma utsträckning. Syftet är att utifrån ett chefsperspektiv, i detta fall skolledare, undersöka det stöd som finns och vilken roll som skolledare främst företräder, lärarkåren eller huvudmannen. Utifrån olika teorier som rör visselblåsning och olika typer av tjänstepersonstyper samt organisationsmodeller ämnar denna undersökning svara på vad skolledare ser sig själva som i gränslandet mellan att arbeta utifrån skollagen och utifrån kommunallagen och de ekonomiska regler som råder där. Undersökningen behandlar även maktperspektivet utifrån skolledarens roll i den egna organisationens hierarki, både som högst ansvarig på sin skolenhet och som underställd en förvaltning/nämnd eller styrelse/ägare. I denna undersökning intervjuas sju skolledare och en person som är insatt i hur förvaltningen arbetar med frågor som rör missförhållanden. Utifrån intervjuerna har det gått att dra slutsatser och se flera gemensamma nämnare hos respondenterna, bland annat att skolledare förlitar sig mer på den egna professionen när det kommer till problemhantering än att använda sig av förvaltningens/huvudkontorets samlade expertis.

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2

McGreevy, Jeanette Sue. „No school business official left behind School business officials, superintendents, and role theory--Association of school business officials (ASBO) international professional standards and job proficiency /“. [Ames, Iowa : Iowa State University], 2006.

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3

Kwok, Kok-ming Andrew. „The role and function of the Standing Commission on Civil Service Salaries and Conditions of Service“. [Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong], 1987. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B12361100.

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4

Hans, Nicodemus Kgomotso. „The role of district officials in the implementation of Integrated Quality Management System (IQMS)“. Diss., University of Pretoria, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/31101.

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The purpose of this research study was to explore how district officials monitor and provide support to teachers through the effective implementation of the Integrated Quality Management System (IQMS) in South African public schools. Through the utilization of a qualitative case study approach, and guided by a theoretical framework of “performative society”, the study attempted to provide a glimpse of how district officials carry out their responsibilities. Among others, by monitoring and providing necessary support to teachers in order to address various developmental needs as identified during the IQMS implementation cycles at institutional level. Data collection was a mix of semi-structured interviews, observations, field notes and a researcher journal. The major findings emanating from this study were six fold: First, district officials were very conversant with the policy imperatives of the ELRC Resolution 8 of 2003 that deals with the implementation of IQMS in public schools. Second, the study revealed a sense of despair and hopelessness on the side of educators because of evident absence of district officials’ provision of support, particularly during the IQMS cyclic implementation process. Third, while school based educators understood the principles, purposes and procedures of IQMS fully well, they were still struggling to translate theory into practice. Fourth, lack of proper planning in schools hindered the effective implementation of IQMS. Fifth, lack of special incentives for the SDTs. And sixth, is lack of resources in some public schools, as well as the attitude of teachers and school managers towards the implementation of IQMS in schools. These factors, the study revealed, were cited as reasons impeding the effective implementation of IQMS in public schools. Copyright
Dissertation (MEd)--University of Pretoria, 2011.
Humanities Education
Unrestricted

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Innes, Mary Joan. „In Egyptian service : the role of British officials in Egypt, 1911-1936“. Thesis, University of Oxford, 1986. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:88cb6bf9-c7ff-4da7-9875-1ff2890b341d.

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In 1919 the number of British officials employed by the Egyptian Government reached a peak of over 1,600, a substantial figure in relation to a colonial administration like the Indian Civil Service. However, due to the anomalous nature of Britain's occupation of Egypt, the workings of British administration there were left deliberately ambiguous. Thus although we have an extensive knowledge of imperial policy with regard to Egypt, we have little understanding of how British rule there actually functioned, certainly nothing to compare with numerous local studies of the Raj or Colonial Service at work. By studying the British administrators of the Egyptian Government, this thesis casts new light on Britain's middle years in Egypt, which saw formal imperial control succeeded by informal hegemony. We begin by analysing the Anglo-Egyptian administrative structure as a product of its historical development. We examine how well this muted style of administrative control suited conditions in Egypt and Britain's requirements there, considering the fact that by 1919 the British officials had become a major source of nationalist grievance. This loss of reputation caused the Milner Mission to select the British administration as a principal scapegoat in its proposed concessions. Moreover, it was the belief of certain leading officials that Britain's responsibility for Egyptian administration was no longer viable which finally helped precipitate the 1922 declaration of independence. The Egyptian Government now took actual rather than nominal control of its foreign bureaucrats, yet even in 1936, over 500 British officials were still employed in finance, security, and in technical and educational capacities. The changing role of these officials within an evolving mechanism of British control illuminates one of the earliest experiences of transfer of power this century.

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郭國銘 und Kok-ming Andrew Kwok. „The role and function of the Standing Commission on Civil Service Salaries and Conditions of Service“. Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1987. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31975410.

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7

Rankov, N. B. „The beneficiarii consularis in the western provinces of the Roman Empire“. Thesis, University of Oxford, 1987. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:e385d9bd-5d2c-46de-808f-3ab6b7fe39e0.

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Beneficiarii consularis were members of the military staffs attached to Roman provincial governors of the Principate, and are well attested epigraph!cally, both at provincial capitals and at outposts along major roads and frontiers of the Western military provinces. They were usually experienced legionaries approaching retirement. and were of senior principalis rank. Each legion in a province provided the governor with (probably) sixty men of this rank. The governor's staff (the officium consularis) assisted the governor in ail his duties, administrative, judicial and military, and the beneficiarii were employed in a variety of roles, appearing in the sources as arresting officers, messengers, servants to the governor and general assistants. To indicate their status as officiales of the governor, they carried a decorated lance-symbol when operating away from the officium. In Britain and the two German provinces they were evidently outposted, apparently for periods of six months at a time, along the roads linking the provincial capitals with the frontiers, with neighbouring provinces, and with Rome, in contrast with the other Western provinces where, for the most part, no such stationes are attested. The stationes have usually been regarded as police posts for the protection of the roads, but this seems unlikely. Although a few stationes fall outside the general pattern and can perhaps be associated with the control of imperial estates, the majority are to be linked with frontier defence. Since the main network of stationes, both in the Germanies and in the rest of Europe first appears in the 160's, they may be seen as a response to the Chattan and Marcomannic attacks. The evidence is consistent with the interpretation of the stationes as relays for the improvement of military communications, those on the frontiers perhaps having an additional role in the coordination of military intelligence-gathering.

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Van, Ness Shanna. „The Role of Gender in Hiring Officials' Perceptions of Chief Information Officer Candidates“. ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/3581.

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Few women in academia occupy the leadership role of chief information officer (CIO), yet little is known about the underlying causes for gender disparity in this role. The purpose of this causal comparative study was to investigate whether gender stereotypes may impact perceptions about managerial characteristics of CIO candidates in academic settings. The theoretical foundation for this study was Schein's 'Think Manager, Think Male' paradigm and Acker's gendered organization theory. Data were acquired from 48 hiring officials from four-year public, private, and nonprofit colleges, universities, and research institutions in the Northeastern region of the United States who completed the Schein Descriptive Index. Data were analyzed using ANOVA to determine whether gender of the hiring authority was associated with the perceived managerial skills of male, female, and non-gender-specific CIO candidates. Data analysis revealed no significant difference in male and female hiring officials' ratings of male, female, and non-gender-specific CIO candidates. The findings demonstrated the theoretical construct of Schein's 'Think Manager, Think Male' paradigm are outdated and Acker's gendered organization theory persistently exists where males' dominant in organizations and roles deemed masculine. Implications for positive social change in the area of public policy are increasing awareness to hiring officials and women seeking the role of CIO in academia about other factors such as age, ethnicity, and experience that may affect candidate selection in the role of CIO.

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Ondich, Gregory George. „New Role Orientations for U.S. EPA Officials in the Next Generation System of Environmental Protection“. Diss., Virginia Tech, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/27490.

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At the start of the twenty-first century, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) officials can look back on nearly thirty years of meaningful accomplishments. Toxic releases are down, the air and water are cleaner, and waste disposal methods are greatly improved. Although this is a record of which EPA officials should be proud, is it sufficient to carry them into the next century? Conventional wisdom among scholars, environmental policy advocates, and even EPA officials indicates that it is not. The new century is bringing complex challenges and, in some cases, the changing conditions are threatening the progress EPA has struggled to achieve. Some of the tools and approaches this agency has relied upon historically, such as notice and comment rulemaking, single stakeholder consultations, and positional leadership, are no longer adequate to address existing environmental challenges and new emerging environmental problems. The Common Sense Initiative (CSI) was launched by EPA in mid-1994 as a fundamentally different approach to environmental protection. Its sector-based, multistakeholder, consensus decision-making process was counter to EPA's traditional command-and-control approach. CSI was created with the intent to heal the growing dysfunctional relationships that exist among government co-regulators (i.e., EPA and state and local agencies), the regulated industry, and non-governmental organizations (i.e., environmentalists and environmental justice organizations). Even though EPA officials realized the limitations of the existing regulatory approach, they had trouble "giving up control." Nonetheless, during the four-year history of the CSI process, EPA personnel had an opportunity to see themselves in a different light and to operate in a new organizational regime. Rather than being just regulators, they were able to become solvers of environmental problems. Rather than being position-oriented, they were able to become person-oriented. Instead of seeking ownership and control, they were able to obtain leverage through partnerships and collaboration. In short, EPA officials were building social capital and a new style of management"facilitative leadership. A facilitative leader leads without controlling, communicates without being condescending, and uses synergism to help groups achieve "win-win" results. This new paradigm has the potential to help EPA better adapt in the next generation system of environmental protection.
Ph. D.

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Tutu, Jimmy Vuyisile. „An assessment of the role of officials in housings service delivery in the Nelson Mandela bay Municipality“. Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1017867.

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The purpose of this study was to assess the role of the officials on housing service delivery in the Nelson Mandela by Municipality (NMBM). The role of the officials currently occupies the centre stage in the Public Service and they should be proud to be the servants of the people. Furthermore, they relish the challenge of providing improved services to all by applying the principles of Batho Pele. In order to meet the goals of the study, it was necessary to study the literature on the housing sector, in particular the role of Officials in the Nelson Mandela Municipality and the reasons why people marched and accused Officials of perceived Corruption in Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality. In order to address the research problem and to fulfill the research objectives, an in depth literature study was done. Empirical studies were done by means of face-to-face interviews and Questionnaires with the Sample population from the Community and the Department of Housing officials in NMBM. The findings of the study suggested that there is ineffective client interface, housing waiting lists are not properly managed, there is a lack of transparency in housing allocations, as well as favoritism by Officials, Councilors and Community leaders on the allocation of houses and there is also a problem of the illegal occupation of houses .The study further suggests that the role of Officials and Councilors needs to be improved if it is to serve as a catalyst for effective housing service delivery to the citizens of NMBM. Recommendations were put forward to assist the Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality in improving effective and efficiency Housing Service Delivery.

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Smith, Matthew C. F. „The Treasury, economic policy and European integration 1978-2003 : the role of officials in the policy-making process“. Thesis, Manchester Metropolitan University, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.555605.

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The role of officials is identified generally as an important part of the policy-making process. But the influence of officials is referred to only in passing in many existing explanations of how successive British governments developed their policies on European economic integration since it became on the agenda in the late 1970s. Rather, greater prominence is given to activity self-contained at the political level, with the conclusion often being reached that the primary influences over ministers' policy choices were essentially political and largely in the public domain. This thesis tries to provide a deeper understanding of why British governments have chosen stances that, on the issue of economic integration, meant that Britain often appeared to be the 'awkward partner'. It does so by looking below the political level to see what role was played by Treasury officials in the policy-making process on this issue. After providing a critical review of the prevailing perspectives of what drove policy, this thesis attempts to answer this question by observing the minister-official dynamic through four case studies relating to major milestones that took place as Europe made its way towards economic and monetary union. In addition to published sources, this study mobilises substantial new evidence in the form of unpublished documents and in-depth interviews with participants - both ministers and civil servants. This research reveals a lively and open working relationship between ministers and officials, in which the latter provided advice on the economic considerations attached to the relevant issues. Rarely was a final decision made by ministers without having this advice to hand. Such advice was based on cost-benefit analysis aimed at helping ministers achieve their stated economic and political objectives. This thesis confirms the strong minister-official partnership at the heart of the policy-making process. In particular, it challenges the assertions made by many that Britain's awkwardness was shaped by domestic political circumstances, showing instead that - on these central economic issues - policy was for the most part driven by the more careful, pragmatic analysis in which Treasury officials were engaged.

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Du, Preez Pierre Johann. „The role of the councillor and the official in the decision-making process of the municipality“. Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/52020.

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Thesis (MPA)--Stellenbosch University, 2000.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Local government is a sphere of government which consists of municipalities and its executive and legislative authority is vested in the respective municipal councils. The council is responsible for exercising its powers and functions on behalf of the community it represents and it makes decisions in that regard. A municipality as an organisation which is comprised of two main components: on the one hand, the council as a body of elected representatives and, on the other, officials who have been employed by the council. Whilst it is generally accepted that it is the function of the council to determine policy and of the officials to execute the determined policy, it is accepted that in .practice there is a degree of interfacing between these two functions. It is further accepted that, although there is a clear distinction between the roles of councillor and official, it is possible that there may be a degree of misconception about their respective roles. The purpose of this study was to determine whether councillors and officials have misconceptions about their roles in the decision-making processes of the municipality and whether such misconceptions have a negative impact on service delivery. The research was initiated by a study of decision making in general, followed by a study of decision making in local government in order to establish a basis for the field of study. Oostenberg Municipality was then analysed, with specific reference to its decision-making systems as well as its macro-organisational structure. A questionnaire was sent to the top structure of the council as well as the top management structure of the municipality; the views of these respondents were used to determine whether there were any misconceptions about their roles. The study found that the councillor study group presented a 30.56% degree of misconception about their role as councillors in the decision-making process of the municipality, and in the case of the top management structure there was a 29.86% degree of misconception. The study further established that this degree of misconception impacted negatively on service delivery. In VIew of the above, it is recommended that councillors be subjected to appropriate training, that the political party caucuses be accommodated in the formal decision-making process of the municipality, and that members of the top management structure be subjected to dedicated training on their role in the decision-making processes of the municipality. It is also recommended that the top management structure of the municipality should be in possession of appropriate academic qualifications.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Plaaslike Regering is 'n sfeer van regering wat uit munisipaliteite bestaan en ten opsigte waarvan sy uitvoerende en wetgewende gesag in sy munisipale raad gesetel is. Die raad is namens die gemeenskap wat hy verteenwoordig vir die uitoefening van sy magte en funksies verantwoordelik en neem hy besluite in daardie verband. 'n Munisipaliteit as 'n organisasie bestaan uit twee komponente, te wete die raad as 'n liggaam van verkose verteenwoordigers aan die een kant, en aan die ander kant, amptenare wat deur die raad in diens geneem is. Terwyl dit algemeen aanvaar word dat dit die raad se funksie is om beleid te bepaal en dit die amptenare se funksie is om die uitvoering aan die gestelde beleid te gee, word daar ook aanvaar dat daar in die praktyk, 'n mate van interfase tussen hierdie twee funksies bestaan. Dit word voorts aanvaar dat terwyl daar 'n duidelike onderskeid tussen die onderskeie rolle van raadslid en amptenaar is, dit moontlik is dat daar 'n mate van wanbegrip van hul onderskeie rolle bestaan. Die doel van hierdie studie was om te bepaal of raadslede en amptenare wanbegrip van hul onderskeie rolle in die besluitnemingsproses van die munisipaliteit ervaar en of sodanige wanbegrip 'n negatiewe impak op dienslewering het. Om as basis vir die studieveld te dien is algemene besluitneming eerstens bestudeer, gevolg deur 'n studie van besluitneming in plaaslike regering. 'n Ontleding van Oostenberg munisipaliteit met spesifieke verwysing na sy besluitnemingsprosesse en makro-organisatoriese struktuur is daarna uitgevoer. 'n Vraelys met as respondente die topstruktuur van die raad sowel as die top bestuurstruktuur van die munisipaliteit was aangewend om te bepaal of daar 'n mate van wanbegrip van onderskeie rolle bestaan. Die studie het bevind dat die raadslid studiegroep 'n graad van wanbegrip van 30.56% ten opsigte van sy rol as raadslid in die besluitnemingsproses van die munisipaliteit toon, en in die geval van die top bestuurstruktuur, is 'n graad van wanbegrip van 29.86% aangetoon. Die studie het verder bevind dat die bepaalde graad van wanbegrip, negatief op dienslewering impakteer. Met inagneming van die voorafgaande is daar aanbeveel dat raadslede aan toepaslike opleiding blootgestel word, die akkommodering van die politieke party koukusse in die formele besluitnemingsprosesse van die munisipaliteit, sowel as die toepaslike opleiding van die lede van die top bestuurstruktuur van die munisipaliteit ten opsigte van hul rol in die besluitnemingsprosesse van die munisipaliteit. Daar is ook aanbeveel dat die lede van die top bestuurstruktuur van die munisipaliteit oor toepaslike akademiese kwalifikasies behoort te beskik.

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Elfituri, Abdulbaset Ali. „Role of health education in promoting health in Libya : evaluation of the existing situation and assessment of future needs“. Thesis, Brunel University, 2000. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/5272.

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A variety of programmes of health education are designed, addressing promotion of health of the Libyan community. These programmes employ various communication methods and use different education media. This research is the first to evaluate the national programmes of health education in Libya and to determine future needs. It compares health officials' assessments with those of the general public; providers and users. It also examines the health professionals' perceptions on their role in health education. Five questionnaires are used in this research. The first two questionnaires are designed for the evaluation purpose. The third and fourth questionnaires are to determine future needs. The fifth questionnaire is about health professionals' role in health education. Both of the groups, the officials and the general public, assessed TV as being the most effective health education medium. The general public favoured the 'spots' over regular programmes. Their assessment of the radio effectiveness was much lower. Officials, on the other hand, favoured regular programmes over 'spots', and placed radio's role only slightly lower than the impact of TV. Both of the groups recommended wide use of TV for future health education. Children and youth are considered the main groups to be targeted with respect to most of health issues. School is the most preferred setting to target the children. Youth and sport clubs are recommended in communicating with the youth. Assessment of future priority health issues attracted different responses from the two groups. Health professionals perceive that they are responsible for mediating health education and consider this role as important. However, effectiveness of the existing role of health professionals in health education in Libya is evaluated differently. Main barriers to an effective role are identified and required solutions are suggested. The findings of this research suggest the need for systematic consultation across professional and lay groups as a requisite preliminary for statutory health education/promotion initiatives. These findings also address the need for further work and research in certain areas.

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Auanger, Lisa. „A catalog of images of women in the official arts of ancient Rome /“. free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 1997. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p9841130.

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Osia, Salome. „The service users' role in corrupting public officials : a study of legal practitioners' accounts of interactions within the Lagos Lands Bureau“. Thesis, University of York, 2016. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/16305/.

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This research examines how legal practitioners discursively construct corruption from their experience as users of the services of a public institution. In the legal field, corruption is a word rarely used in connection with practitioners, it is substituted with a less felonious alternative, ‘misconduct’. As a result, this research focuses on how legal practitioners talk about their interaction with the public institution, especially their construction of corrupt transactions. Contrary to the popular assumptions that participants in corrupt transactions are unwilling to talk about their involvement, the findings revealed that participants are willing to talk about their involvement in corrupt practice, but mainly through the use of euphemisms. The empirical contribution of this study suggests on one hand that the extensive use of euphemisms in the construction of the self, processes of corrupt interaction and actions, illustrates the significance of language use in the study of corruption. On the other hand, it emphasises the extent of ‘ethical fading’ and moral disengagement amongst professional service users which is due in part to their popular typecasting as victims, and the inherently contradictory principles of practice within the legal field.

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Karlsson, Tommy. „Spelar det någon roll vem det är som utför kontrollen? : En studie av enhetlighet avseende bedömning av regelefterlevnad i livsmedelskontroll“. Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för ekologi, miljö och geovetenskap, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-105065.

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Legislation on official controls requires competent authorities to carry out a risk-based control in a uniform way. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether data from official controls can be used to examine to what extent the assessment of compliance is performed in a uniform way. Data from official controls carried out by a competent authority were examined for differences in the assessment of non-compliance amongst the control staff. The dissemination of non-compliance within a selection of regulatory requirements was also examined. The result shows that the proportion non-compliances increase when more than one inspector is present. Inspectors carrying out fewer controls show significant differences in their assessment of compliance with certain requirements. Under certain conditions dispersion measures based on the proportion of non-compliances can be used as indicators or comparative figures for consistency.

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Mtikitiki, Nolusindiso. „An investigation on the perceptions of officials on their role in the rehabilitation process: the case of the East London Correctional Centre“. Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/19277.

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This report is the result of a literature study and questionnaire which gave insight on the role of officials in the rehabilitation process. Correctional Services has adopted a new approach, where offenders need to change their negative behaviour and be rehabilitated. Corrections have a societal responsibility towards the community to guide the offender on his rehabilitation path. This study was conducted to give a better understanding of rehabilitation to offenders The purpose of this research is to determine if the Department of Correctional Services delivers on its legal and social responsibility towards the rehabilitation of offenders. In this study the researcher gathered information on the department policies, training of officials, the programmes currently available in Correctional Services, and also the involvement of the community in this process. Corrections cannot work alone, and needs the help of the community and leaders in the community to assist it in this process. Correctional Services faces many challenges in order to succeed in the rehabilitation of offenders. Currently there is a shortage of officials in the Department of Correctional Services, and the Department cannot, therefore, fully succeed in its rehabilitative role. Another aspect is that rehabilitation programmes are voluntary, and offenders can decide if they want to become involved or not.

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Sidenholm, Emelie. „French Makes Communication and Structures Make English : An Analysis of Official Language-Teaching Documents in the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Sweden“. Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för beteendevetenskap och lärande, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-74411.

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The Democratic Republic of the Congo is one of the least developed countries in the world and its school system needs to be improved. The aim of this research is to find out what the Congolese state expects from language teaching (French and English), how this is described in the curriculum, and whether this differs from the curriculum of a more developed country, such as Sweden. Through a content analysis, the language view, the role of the teacher and views of pupil participation are investigated. The Swedish curriculum and the Congolese programme of French show similarities by communicative and constructivist views, while the Congolese programme of English demonstrates behaviouristic features. This study can serve as an example of how the language context, i.e., second language v. foreign language, as well as the national culture, influence the curriculum.
Demokratiska republiken Kongo är ett av världens minst utvecklade länder och dess skolsystem är i behov av en förbättring. Språk är en viktig del i utvecklingen av landet. Syftet med den här uppsatsen är att ta reda på vad den kongolesiska staten förväntar sig av sin språkundervisning, hur den beskrivs i styrdokument samt om den skiljer sig från läroplanen i ett mer utvecklat land som Sverige. Genom en kvalitativ innehållsanalys har uppfattningar om uppsatsens teman; språksyn, lärarens roll och elevdeltagande, hittats. Materialet som analyserats är den kongolesiska skolans program för franska och engelska, samt den svenska läroplanen inklusive kursplanerna för franska och engelska. Analysen avser de första åren i den kongolesiska sekundärskolan och det svenska högstadiet, vilka motsvarar varandra när det gäller elevernas ålder. Skillnaden i DR Kongo mellan andraspråk (franska) och främmande språk (engelska) berörs.Den svenska läroplanen samt det kongolesiska programmet för franska visar många likheter genom att lyfta fram kommunikativa och konstruktivistiska perspektiv. Det kongolesiska programmet för engelska har däremot behavioristiska drag. Lärarens olika roller och hur elevdeltagande lyfts fram förstärker dessa språksyner. De två kongolesiska programmen liknar dock varandra när det gäller synen på hur läraren ska behandla språkliga fel i klassrummet. Studien kan ses som ett exempel på hur språkkontexten, d.v.s. andraspråk och främmande språk, likväl som den nationella kulturen påverkar läroplaner.

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Schoeman, Ria Elizabeth. „The public policy impact of the changing official development assistance programme in financing the HIV/AIDS response in southern Africa“. Thesis, Pretoria : [s.n.], 2009. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-05022009-174126/.

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Mthembu, Bhekisisa Jacob. „The role of leadership in implementing service delivery initiatives: a case study of Buffalo City Municipality“. Thesis, Rhodes University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003902.

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In terms of the South African Government Structure, Local Government is entrusted with the service delivery mandate. Furthermore, Local Government, being the closest sphere of government to the people, is expected to enhance service delivery to the communities within its jurisdiction. Local Government has for the past four years, undergone numerous transformation processes, ranging from Local Authorities, to Transitional Local Councils and to Municipalities. Having mentioned that, Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality, in particular, has recently acquired metropolitan status, which requires another transformation protocol. At the same time this automatically raises the bar on the service delivery expectations by the communities. In general, Local Government has been extensively supported by the National and Provincial Governments to deliver superior services to communities. This has happened through numerous pieces of legislations such as the Municipal Structures Act 117 of 1998, the Municipal Systems Act 32 of 2000, the Municipal Finance Management Act 56 of 2003 and the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, act 108 of 1996. In 1997, the South African Government introduced a White Paper on the Transformation of the Public Service. This was to re-emphasis on the performance enhancing role of both the political and administrative leadership in the implementation of service delivery mandates. The need was identified that communities require an assurance that their needs are taken care of by the leadership of the municipalities. It is therefore the role of leadership to ensure effective implementation of service delivery initiatives and to promote a culture of performance among the administrative officials of the municipality. The aim of this study is to critically investigate the role of leadership: A case study of Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality (BCMM), with the view that BCMM is considered one of the high capacity municipalities within the Eastern Cape Province. During the literature review, it became evident that different people and scholars, dating back in the early 90’s, view leadership in different forms. In sourcing the information for this research, structured interviews were conducted with five Directors, five Executive Mayoral Councillors and five Ward Councillors. The interviews were an extensive consultation process which resulted in over 30 hours of engagement with research participants, with an average of 2 hours per structured interview. A four week period was allocated and effectively utilised for this exercise. The research provides recommendations for further research on other related components of the subject such as the intended role as compared to the current role fulfilled by both administrative and political leadership, and suggested solutions to the current problems in Municipalities, in order to ensure their sustainability within Local Government. The research findings identified the need for the leadership to take the leading role in service delivery initiatives in order to address the service delivery challenges in local government. Political leadership need to enhance the public participation process to ensure the community is on board regarding the progress of their respective projects and planning processes.

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Dolgin, Anthony Shane. „The expanding role of the United States Senate in Supreme Court confirmation proceedings“. Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ37201.pdf.

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Mokhoabane, Sello James. „The new role of municipal officials as agents of change towards improved service delivery : the case of Welkom in the Matjhabeng local municipaltiy / Sello James Mokhoabane“. Thesis, North-West University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/1005.

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An objective of local government is to ensure the provision of services to communities in a sustainable manner. Thus, the Matjhabeng Local Municipality has the obligation to ensure that public services are rendered effectively, efficiently and sustainably. The obligation consequently is on the municipal officials, as agents of change towards improved service delivery, especially the Municipal Manager, as an accounting officer, to ensure improved service delivery and to continuously evaluate the quality, usefulness and acceptance of services delivered. Officials at the Matjhabeng Local Municipality, especially those at the Welkom office, have a range of delivery options to ensure quality service provision by strategically assessing and planning the most appropriate forms of service delivery for their customers. Officials need to be geared to the implementation of the chosen delivery options in the most effective and economical manner and to ensure maximum benefits to the customers. As agents of change, officials at the Matjhabeng Local Municipality need to be effective in operating the municipal machine effectively, efficiently and in providing rational advice to the elected office-bearers and for improved services to the Welkom community. For the purpose of this study, the hypothesis was formulated that legislation since 1994 entrusted officials as agents of change in service delivery, yet officials of the Welkom branch of the Matjhabeng Local Municipality lack capacity to effect change, and would require strategic training programmes to enhance their skills and effectiveness. In support of the empirical research, use and analysis of a theoretical study of local government as agent for change were undertaken. The analysis showed that the theoretical distinction in the roles of political office-bearers and appointed officials in the service delivery process was incorrect. Rather, the empirical study supported a close and meaningful collaboration between the appointed officials and political office-bearers for sound financial and resources management. Further, it was found that with administrative and financial resources available, the municipality can make a significant impact in the Welkom community.
Thesis (M. Development and Management)--North-West University, Vaal Triangle Campus, 2007.

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Lester, Claire-Anne. „Truth in the time of tumult: tracing the role of official 'truth-seeking' commissions of inquiry in South Africa, from Sharpeville to Marikana“. Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/25342.

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The Marikana Massacre of 16th August 2012 was a watershed moment for post- Apartheid South African politics. News headlines and images depicting an ANC-led South African police killing 44 unarmed miners, striking for a wage increase, ruptured the TRC's official narrative that state violence of this proportion belonged to a bygone colonial, or Apartheid past. Following the massacre, the Marikana Commission of Inquiry was launched as an official inquiry into what was referred to as the 'tragic incidents at Marikana'. However, as the Commission conducted its work its actual role became increasingly ambivalent and ambiguous to the public, as well as to witnesses who testified. Legally, it was a judicial commission of inquiry with a strict fact-finding mandate, yet the official discourse invoked suggests it had additional distinctive aims to achieve 'truth, restoration, and justice', which are functions traditionally associated with Truth Commissions, in the field of Transitional Justice, and more particularly with South Africa's TRC. This ambiguity in the Marikana Commission's function points to the larger issue that this thesis addresses – the ambiguity in the exact role and function of, as well as the relationship between, generic commissions of inquiry and Truth Commissions. The functions are interrogated using the concept of 'tumult commissions', introduced by Adam Sitze-- a subtype of commission of inquiry used by colonial administrations in lieu of criminal tribunals, to investigate political violence following the State's violent suppression of some major insurgency. Over and above 'fact-finding', Sitze claims that 'tumult commissions' were political tools deployed to 'whitewash' and justify State killings as unfortunate necessities in order to restore peace and order, and to legitimate the authority of the state. I anchor the current ambiguity in the role of the Marikana Commission, both in legal capacity, its method and official discourse, in a longer historical trajectory that extends from the Jamaica Royal Commission (1866) to the Sharpeville Commission (1960) and the TRC (1996-1998). The notion of official truth-seeking is problematised using an analytical framework that distinguishes between objective 'fact-finding', 'truthseeking' and the various associated narrative genres of 'tumult commissions' and 'truth commissions'. Through a critical analysis of canonic academic literature, official commission reports and legislation, the thesis highlights glaring contradictions and inconsistencies in claims to official 'truth-seeking' when combined with quasi-judicial aims to achieve accountability and 'justice'. It concludes that the 'truth' of 'official' truth-seeking commissions is always constrained by the overall objectives of the government of the day. Although the TRC was able to promote a more open and inclusive institution to deal with the intractable issues of 'truth' and 'accountability' following state-sanctioned violence, the cases show that when broader social and economic issues are excluded from the 'regime of truth' of official commissions, it only creates fertile soil in which similar tragedies may reoccur in a post-colonial, and post- TRC South Africa.

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Mkhabela, Lamson Zondiwe. „The role of leadership learning in the developmental needs of the senior managers in a rural municipality : a case study in adult education at Bushbuckridge local municipality“. Thesis, Stellenbiosch : Stellenbosch University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/96901.

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Thesis (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2015.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Municipalities are entrusted with the responsibility of providing sustainable social services to local communities. Issues of capacity to facilitate the delivery of such services feature prominently in these municipalities where a number of communities have expressed their frustration and even anger at the slow pace of delivery of services, or the absence of such service delivery. The reported failure by senior municipal managers to facilitate the delivery of the needed services to communities motivated this investigation. In particular, the possible contribution of leadership learning in the developmental needs of senior managers in the Bushbuckridge Local Municipality was focused upon. The main knowledge claim in this study is that the proven lack of competencies and skills of senior municipal managers have much to do with the weak delivery of acceptable services to communities. Consequently, the study indicated the need to identify the developmental needs of senior municipal managers from a leadership learning perspective and to implement developmental interventions to possibly address such needs. The study was conducted in four phases. First, a number of pre-planning leadership learning questions were formulated, which were determined through document analyses and developing theoretical perspectives from review of relevant literature. Next, a needs assessment among senior managers was conducted. This phase was followed by the implementation of a planned intervention based on leadership learning principles. Finally, the potential success of the intervention was evaluated. The study revealed that although the municipality of Bushbuckridge has an acceptable policy framework that supports leadership learning, the leadership competencies and skills required for senior managers to facilitate delivery of municipal services to communities were lacking. The leadership intervention in this study had limited success due to systemic instabilities within the particular municipal system. The study showed that systemic stability appears to be essential for productive leadership development. It also showed that financial investment in leadership development or developmental interventions may contribute less to enhancing the performance of senior managers if a municipality lacks systemic stability. Given the reported large-scale systemic instability within local municipalities countrywide in South Africa, the results of this study indicate that capacity development initiatives are destined for failure if systemic issues are not addressed first.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Munisipaliteite is daarvoor verantwoordelik om volhoubare maatskaplike dienste aan plaaslike gemeenskappe te verskaf. Kwessies rakende die vermoë om sulke dienste te fasiliteer speel ŉ belangrike rol in munisipaliteite waar ŉ aantal gemeenskappe uitdrukking gegee het aan hul frustrasie en selfs woede oor die stadige pas waarteen dienste gelewer word of die afwesigheid van sulke dienslewering. Die gerapporteerde onvermoë van senior munisipale bestuurders om die vereiste dienste aan gemeenskappe te lewer het hierdie ondersoek gemotiveer. In die besonder is die kollig geplaas op die moontlike bydrae van leierskapleer in die ontwikkelingsbehoeftes van seniorbestuurders in die plaaslike munisipaliteit van Bosbokrand. Die belangrikste kennisaanspraak in hierdie studie is dat die bewese gebrek aan bevoegdhede en vaardighede van senior munisipale bestuurders grootliks toegeskryf kan word aan die swak lewering van aanvaarbare dienste aan gemeenskappe. Die studie het aangetoon dat daar ŉ behoefte bestaan om die ontwikkelingsbehoeftes van senior munisipale bestuurders vanuit die perspektief van leierskapsleer te identifiseer en om ontwikkelingsintervensies te implementeer om moontlik sulke behoeftes aan te spreek. Die studie is in vier fases uitgevoer. Eerstens is ŉ aantal voorafbeplanningsvrae rakende leierskapsleer geformuleer. Hierdie vrae is deur dokumentanalise en die ontwikkeling van teoretiese perspektiewe van ŉ tersaaklike literatuuroorsig gegenereer. Daarna is ŉ behoeftebepaling onder seniorbestuurders gedoen. Hierdie fase is gevolg deur die implementering van ŉ beplande intervensie gebaseer op leierskapsleerbeginsels. Laastens is die potensiële sukses van die intervensie geëvalueer. Die studie het aan die lig gebring dat alhoewel die munisipaliteit van Bosbokrand ŉ aanvaarbare beleidsraamwerk het wat leierskapsleer ondersteun, die vereiste leierskapsbevoegdehede en -vaardighede vir seniorbestuurders om die lewering van munisipale dienste aan gemeenskappe te fasiliteer ontbreek het. Die sukses van die leierskapsintervensie in hierdie studie was beperk vanweë sistemiese onstabiliteit in die besondere munisipale stelsel. In die studie is daar aangetoon dat sistemiese stabiliteit noodsaaklik is vir produktiewe leierskapsontwikkeling en verder dat geldelike investering in leierskapsontwikkeling of ontwikkelingsintervensies waarskynlik minder tot die verbetering van senior bestuurders se prestasie sal bydra as sistemiese stabiliteit in ŉ munisipaliteit ontbreek. In die lig van die gerapporteerde grootskaalse sistemiese onstabiliteit in plaaslike munisipaliteite in Suid-Afrika dui die bevindinge van hierdie studie aan dat inisiatiewe vir die ontwikkeling van kapasiteit sal misluk as sistemiese vraagstukke nie eers aangepak word nie.

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Hamza, Enayatulla. „The role of higher education in public sector education and training : the case of the School of Government, University of the Western Cape“. Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/5212.

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Thesis (MPA (Public Management and Planning))--University of Stellenbosch, 2010.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The provision of Public Administration education and training has been under the spotlight by Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) since the early 1990’s and has received further prominence by the South African government in recent years. The 1994 democratic elections has brought about challenges and opportunities for educational and training institutions, among others, to reflect on their programme content, methodology and clientele and to gear themselves towards the needs of a “developmental state”. In response to these challenges and opportunities, South African HEIs of various types and sizes have attempted to introduce or reform Public Administration education and training programmes to both fit into the new political dispensation and help transform its public service. However, the emergence of these new education and training programmes have not been without difficulties. Notable efforts have been the emergence of schools of governments or public management at various tertiary institutions all of which purport to educate and train public officials for a democratic service. The euphoria that accompanied the institutional reforms might suggest that all is well, but the reality records that not all programmes have lived to their ideals. In the light of the above context, this study focuses on the School of Government (SOG), University of the Western Cape (UWC). The school has been selected due to its formal commitment to the provision of public service education and training for the post-apartheid civil service. The study focuses on the role of the school, its leadership, structure, content and processes of education and training programmes for the public service in the country. The study explores the broad global and national role of HEIs in general, and their particular role in the provision of Public Administration education and training. The study traces the global and national debates with respect to how public servants ought to be educated and trained, and illustrates the Public Administration education and training challenges faced in South Africa. The study also explores the legislative and policy framework governing HEIs and public sector education and training in South Africa. The evaluation of the UWC School of Government is based on the adaptation of the IASIA/UNDESA Standards of Excellence model to measure the role and performance of the case. The case study is measured through the application of institutional and programmatic criteria. In addition to the institutional criteria, the programme criteria focuses on the SOG’s programme development and review processes, its programme content, programme management and administration, and the performance of its programmes. The analysis of the case study is preceded by a historiography and background of the SOG and its education and training programmes. A critical analysis of the case study is undertaken in relation to the institutional and programmatic criteria mentioned above. Based on the findings of the study, the thesis concludes with recommendations relevant to the case study and provides more general recommendations applicable to institutions involved in the provision of Public Administration education and training.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die voorsiening van Publieke Administrasie onderrig en opleiding is onder die vegrootglas by hoër onderwys instellings (HOIs) sedert die vroeë 1990’s en het in onlangse jare verdere prominensie verkry by die Suid Afrikaanse regering. Die 1994 demokratiese verkiesing het uitdagings en geleenthede vir onderrig en opleiding instellings teweeg gebring om, onder andere, te besin oor programinhoud, metodologie en kliëntebasis en om hulself in rat te kry vir die behoeftes van die ontwikkelingstaat. In reaksie op hierdie uitdagings en geleenthede poog Suid Afrikaanse HOIs van verskillende tipes en groottes om Publieke Administrasie onderrig en opleidings programme in te stel of te hervorm sodat dit by die nuwe politieke bedeling inpas en help om die publieke diens te transformeer. Die ontwikkeling van nuwe onderrig en opleidings programme sou egter nie sonder sy eiesoortige probleme wees nie. Die ontstaan van Skole vir Openbare Bestuur (SOB) by verskeie tersiêre instellings was aan die orde van die dag en kort voor lank was voormelde instellings almal daarop uit om staatsamptenare vir ‘n demokratiese staatsdiens op te lei. Die euforie wat met hervorming gepaard gegaan het, sou die skyn wek dat alles goed en wel is, maar die realiteit toon dat nie alle programme aan die ideale wat gestel is voldoen het nie. In die lig van voormelde, fokus hierdie studie op die Skool vir Openbare Regering (SOR) aan die Universiteit van Wes-Kaap (UWK). Die SOR is gekies vanweë sy formele toewyding tot die onderrig en opleiding van studente vir die publieke sektor in post-Apartheid Suid-Afrika. Voorts sal die ondersoek fokus op die rol van die Skool, leierskap struktuur, onderriginhoud asook programprosesse vir onderrig en opleiding in die openbare sektor. Die studie ondersoek die globale en nasionale rol wat HOI’s in die algemeen speel en in besonder die voorsiening van onderrig en opleiding in Publieke Administrasie. Verder volg die studie die globale en nasionale diskoerse oor hoe staatsamptenare opgelei en onderrig behoort te word en illustreer, aan die hand hiervan, die uitdagings waarmee die onderrig en opleiding van Publieke Administrasie in Suid-Afrika te kampe het. Die studie ondersoek ook die wetlike en beleidsraamwerk waarbinne HOI’s en die publieke sektor in Suid-Afrika gereguleer word. Die SOR aan die UWK word dan geevalueer aan die hand van die IASIA/UNDESA Model van Standaarde van Uitsonderlikheid wat ook die rol en vordering in die gevallestudie meet. Meting van gevallestudie geskied met behulp van die toepassing van institutionele en programmatiese kriteria. Addisioneel tot die institutionele en programkriteria word daar ook gefokus op; programontwikkeling en hersieningsprosesse, programinhoud, programbestuur en administrasie en program vordering binne die SOR. Ontleding van die gevallestudie word voorafgegaan deur ‘n historiese oorsig en agtergrond van die SOR; en sy onderrig en opleidingsprogramme. In verhouding tot sy institutionele en programmatieka kriteria, soos vermeld, word die studie onderwerp aan kritiese ontleding en ondersoek. Gebaseer op die bevindings van die ondersoek, maak die tesis direk-verwante aanbevelings asook algemene aanbevelings gerig op instellings in die breë wat betrokke is by die onderrig en opleiding van Publieke Administrasie.

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Le, Chen Shu, und 陳書樂. „The Research of Government Ethics Organizations Function & Government Ethics Official’s role in R.O.C“. Thesis, 2002. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/97038515658820940063.

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碩士
國立政治大學
行政管理碩士學程
91
The Research of Government Ethics Organizations Function & Government Ethics Official’s role in R.O.C In recent years, the report of the Global Competitiveness Evaluation issued by International Institute for Management Development（for short IMD）, had caused a high attention to government authorities and grassroots units, as made an index of administration and management. It is known that the official’s spirits, conceptions, livelihood, morals, and working attitudes decide the excellent quality or not. If we can execute distinctly the correction of ethics affairs, it will not only educate & guide the society conception, but also lift the image of the government’s rectitude & competence. Mr. Liao cheng-how, the prior Minister of Justice said, ” The Government Ethics officials are civil servants.” Therefore, their image and behavior must be the ideal for all civil servants. However, there are much criticism exist on the issue of the Ethics Organization’s Function and Ethics Official’s character. At the first, asking removal the Ethics unit by Academia Sinica and then some townships have same request, too. It is said that the Department of Government Ethics became the preclusion in affairs administration, the principals of affairs agencies would rather abate the budget of the Ethics’ unit or assign the Ethics officials to do security and guard job. Whether it that means that we need to change or adjust the Ethics Organization’s Function and Ethics Official’s character or not？ The thesis is based on the character theory to check the role of Government Ethics Official between organization and unit. Meanwhile, analysis how the function of the Ethics organization is, which is based on an aspect of the function theory. The organization of the Ethics was designed by single superintendence system, but the conduct regime was operated by Double sides direction. Therefore, what is the character of the Ethics official under current organization and prescripts？What kind of function must be in charge by the Ethics organization？ These questions rouse my research interests, we hope the conclusion through the research can provide reference for adjusting all related-prescripts constituted by the Government Ethics, in order to make a clear direction for Incorruptionism.

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Liu, Ching-Ju, und 劉靜如. „A Study of the Relation between Government Personnel Official’s Role Stress and Well-being“. Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/76133396784948729034.

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碩士
國立臺灣師範大學
科技應用與人力資源發展學系人力資源碩士在職進修專班
99
The purpose of this study was to explore the relation between government personnel official’s role stress and well-being. Targeted at personnel officials in levels 2-4 central governments, this study employed the correlational research method and conducted questionnaire survey. A total of 313 questionnaires were sent and 273（or 87.22%）valid ones were returned. The following five conclusions are made as a result of the statistical including product-moment correlation, analysis of variance（ANOVA）, and regression analysis: (1) Personnel officials feel comparatively stressful on role conflict and role character quantitatively overload. (2) Personnel official’s sense of well-being is at the upper level. (3) The personnel official who is unmarried, younger, female, junior, non-supervisor, or lower position has higher working role stress. (4) The personnel official who is highly educated and in supervisior, or higher position has comparatively higher well-being. (5) There is a negative correlation between personnel official’s role stress and well-being.

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Lin, Ying-Cheng, und 林楹程. „Third Party Official Role of Ultimate Frisbee“. Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/50555673905935426676.

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碩士
國立臺灣體育運動大學
體育研究所
104
Ultimate Frisbee is a sport without referees. All the calls are decided by the players in the field, which is why that it is called self-referee. Although Ultimate emphasizes that it is a non-contact sport, it becomes very fierce as time goes by. Therefore, self-referee has been severely questioned, leading to differences in both professional rules and amateur rules. The main focus on this study is whether referees should be included on the field. The purpose of the research is to explore the differences between self-referee and referee, to examine the dissimilarities of different roles of referees, and to consider the necessity of the establishment of referees. Methods of this study include semi-structured interview and participant observation. There are eight interviewers selected from the following: administrator of Chinese Taipei Flying Disc Association, athletes and coaches from Chinese Taipei Team, and referees of college championships. The author selects Asia Oceanic Ultimate Championships 2015 as the observation field to research the problems in the study. According to the research, the application of self-referee is influenced by the players’ understanding of the rules, the visual angle, and the tolerance of body contact. It is possible to distinguish the differences between self-referee and referee of the general sports from the viewpoints and the standpoints. Although both ways are not utterly fair, referee is much more convincing comparing to self-referee. Currently, according to the different competition system of Ultimate, there are five arbitration roles: game advisor, observers, Taiwan Ultimate referee, AUDL referee and MLU referee. The distinctions between them are determined by the power and the level of importance in the field. The author gives great support and affirmation to the estblishment of referees in the future, and hope that Ultimate could gradually become a sport with well-improved arbitration system.

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Sem, Polycalypus Shivute. „The role of traffic officials in reducing road accidents in Windhoek“. Diss., 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/25552.

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The role of traffic officials in road management is very important not only to ensure a smooth flow of traffic, but also to prevent negligent and reckless driving, which could result in road accidents. In light of this, the current study embarked on a research journey to investigate the challenges facing traffic officials in Windhoek (Namibia) to reduce road accidents. To achieve the goal of this study, the researcher embarked on a qualitative research approach to obtain in-depth information from traffic officials regarding their experiences in reducing road accidents in Windhoek. Following a purposive sampling method to identify the research participants, the researcher also used semi-structured interviews to guide his interviews with the research participants. The problem in this study concerns the high number of road accidents within the Windhoek area. Between 2012 and 2016, the Namibian Police Force Report (2015/2016) recorded 3 052 accidents on Namibian roads, in which 5 289 people were injured and 524 killed. Motorists’ negative attitudes towards traffic laws and regulations, unroadworthy vehicles and poor road conditions were identified as the leading causes of road accidents and presented the biggest challenges to traffic officials. Some of the challenges that traffic officials encounter are in respect of law enforcement for motorists driving under the influence of alcohol, enforcement of speed restrictions, the limited number of traffic officials to do patrols, an insufficient number of cameras monitoring traffic lights, uncooperative witnesses during car accidents as well as corruption on the side of fellow traffic officials. In order to reduce the high rate of road accidents in Windhoek, this study recommends an increase in traffic officials’ visibility on the roads, clear standards and guidelines for vehicle inspection pertaining to roadworthiness, toll free lines for reporting corrupt traffic officials, cooperation among stakeholders as well as multilingual road safety educational programmes.
Seabe sa batlhankedi ba pharakano mo tsamaisong ya tsela se botlhokwa thata mme e seng fela go netefatsa gore pharakano e elela sentle, fela le go thibela go kgweetsa go go botlhaswa go go ka bakang dikotsi tsa tsela. Go lebeletswe seno, thutopatlisiso ya ga jaana e nnile leeto la patlisiso go batlisisa dikgwetlho tse di itemogelwang ke batlhankedi ba pharakano kwa Windhoek (Namibia) malebana le go fokotsa dikotsi tsa tsela. Go fitlhelela maitlhomo a thutopatlisiso eno, mmatlisisi o tsere molebo wa patlisiso o o lebelelang mabaka go bona tshedimosetso e e tseneletseng go tswa mo batlhankeding ba pharakano malebana le maitemogelo a bona mo go fokotseng dikotsi tsa tsela kwa Windhoek. Ka go dirisa mokgwa wa go tlhopha sampole go ya ka maikemisetso a thutopatlisiso go supa bannileseabe ba patlisiso, mmatlisisi o ne a dirisa gape dipotsolotso tse di batlileng di rulagane go kaela dipotsolotso tsa gagwe le bannileseabe ba patlisiso. Bothata jo bo mo thutopatlisisong eno bo malebana le palo e e kwa godimo ya dikotsi tsa tsela mo tikologong ya Windhoek. Magareng ga 2012 le 2016, Pegelo ya Sepodisi sa Namibia (2015/2016) e rekotile dikotsi di le 3 052 mo ditseleng tsa Namibia, moo batho ba le 5 289 ba gobetseng mme ba le 524 ba tlhokafetse. Maitsholo a bakgweetsi a a nyatsang melao le melawana ya pharakano, dikoloi tse di sa siamelang tsela mmogo le maemo a a sa siamang a ditsela di supilwe e le mabaka a magolo a a bakang dikotsi tsa tsela mme e le kgwetlho e kgolo mo batlhankeding ba pharakano. Dingwe tsa dikgwetlho tse di itemogelwang ke batlhankedi ba pharakano di malebana le tiragatso ya molao mo bakgweetsing ba ba kgweetsang ba nole nnotagi, tiragatso ya dipeelo tsa lebelo, palo e e lekanyeditsweng ya batlhankedi ba pharakano ba ba paterolang, palo e e tlhaelang ya dikhamera tse di tlhokomelang mabone a pharakano, dipaki tse di se nang tirisanommogo ka nako ya dikotsi tsa tsela gammogo le bobodu mo ntlheng ya badirammogo ba batlhankedi ba pharakano. Gore go fokodiwe kelo e e kwa godimo ya dikotsi tsa tsela kwa Windhoek, thutopatlisiso eno e atlenegisa gore go okediwe ponagalo ya batlhankedi ba pharakano mo ditseleng, dipeelo le dikaedi tse di malebana le tlhatlhobo ya dikoloi malebana le go siamela go nna mo tseleng, megala e e sa duelelweng gore go begwe batlhankedi ba pharakano ba ba tletseng bobodu, tirisanommogo magareng ga baamegi gammogo le mananeo a dipuodintsi a thuto ya ipabalelo tseleng.
Police Practice
M. Tech. (Policing)

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Šlosar, Martin. „Zásady činnosti římských úředníků“. Master's thesis, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-339659.

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A principles of activities of the Roman officials The main objective of this thesis is to explain the principles which had formed since from the beginning of the city of Rome. Later, in the republic era, these principles had a great influence on the Roman officials and their activities. These principles also helped to form a large part of the Roman constitutional legal system This thesis describes the period of Roman kingdom and republic and principally deals with the way how the principles affected not only on the officials, but also on the Roman state and law. The first chapter focuses on the mysterious ancient culture called the Etruscans and establishment of the city of Rome. The Etruscans were very advanced culture. They stood on the beginning of the roman civilization and they inflicted its future progress in many areas of living, especially in the state administration. The second chapter devotes to the development of the Roman state administration in the early republic. In this chapter we can find a description and characterization of the Roman offices and the assistants of the officials. The third and final chapter describes the main limits, which affects all activities of the Roman republican officials. The officials were bound with many rules. Some of them had a form of the law published by the...

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Kuo, Hong-zhang, und 郭鴻章. „A Study of Local Government Official Type of Role Perception“. Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/58560451807808295514.

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碩士
國立臺灣海洋大學
航運管理學系
101
With the significant improvement of citizen’s living quality and modern technology in recent years, the calling for the efficiency and effectiveness of government service has risen dramatically. As the main providers of service, public servants’ performance doesn’t influence target people and stakeholders’ life and property only, but also the citizen’s satisfaction of government. In other words, only public employee, who shows the ability in integrity, expertise, and innovation, can make a government with democracy and rule-in-law welcomed by whole people. It is the motive and purpose of this study. The questionnaire survey was applied in this study to examine those employees who works in Keelung City Government in order to explore their work motivation and perception of role. By analysis, five perceptions of role are found: technical-bureaucratic, omniscient, learning-growth, ordinary-stable, and inactive-selfish. For the development of role perception and professional ability, this study recommends that the government should voluntarily understand the public employees’ professional ability and activate it by ceaseless in-work training and control mechanism. As this purpose achieved, the “inactive-selfish” attitude could be effectively relieved and service faith, loyalty and responsibility of modern high-quality public service would be established.

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Hsu, Sheng-Hsien, und 許聖賢. „A Study of Role Conflicts on Government Ethics Officials at the Level of Township Offices“. Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/brzk73.

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碩士
國立臺灣大學
國家發展研究所
102
The establishment of the Government Ethics units in our country aim to combat corruption in the public sector so that the government ethics can be upheld, officialdom purified, and an incorrupt and competent government can be further founded. However, based on the collective ordinance under Local Government Act regarding the personnel of government ethics, the government ethics officials shall obey and be accountable to superior government ethics agency or department of the Ministry of Justice. A specific phenomenon arises from such dual-track-command contradictory system. Take the example of the officials of township (city) government ethics hall. Their appointment, relocation, performance appraisal, reward and discipline were implemented by Department of Justice through county and city government ethics agency. While by design the government ethics officials in the hall should be able to exercise of their duties independently and unbiasedly, they in reality face a dilemma inevitably due to the role conflict when confronted with different even contradictory commands from the heads of local government and direct superior government ethics authority. This research is based on 36 officials from township (city) government political ethics units. Adopting Q Methodology, it develops 56 statements to explore the causes and situations when role conflict occurs and how they handle it. This research processes the data analysis by means of PQMethod program and concludes four types of role conflict: first, the conflict between the ideal and the reality. Second, the conflict of social role expectations. Third, the conflict of multi-role play. Fourth, the conflict of the role overload. Also, the ways of adaptation of the mentioned role conflict are sorted out into another four types according to the comprehensive views of the entire respondents. First, reverse the role and integrate the organ. Second, timely relieve pressure and start over. Third, actively seek consultations for a consensus. Fourth, experience sharing and mutual support.

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Ding, Kuo-Yao, und 丁國耀. „The Roles of Government Ethics Officials ─ A Case of Taipei City Government“. Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/f2t7us.

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碩士
淡江大學
公共行政學系公共政策碩士在職專班
102
In the present day, when international competition is growing increasingly intense, “clean government” has become one of the most important indicators by which countries around the world demonstrate their national competitiveness, and there is a pronounced global trend towards implementing administrative reforms to achieve clean government. “Anti-corruption” efforts have become a priority task for national governance, and can be seen as the first step towards achieving clean government. If a national government ignores the vital importance of anti-corruption efforts, then this may lead to widespread official corruption, the emergence of various types of abuses within the system of government, and deterioration in the moral fabric of society as a whole, causing ordinary citizens to lose faith in the government. Taiwan’s government ethics offices are responsible for ensuring the maintenance of clean government within Taiwan; government ethics officials carry out government ethics work in accordance with the requirements of the law. The present study uses a review of the literature and a questionnaire survey to attempt an in-depth exploration of the role, functions and positioning of government ethics officials, the impact of government ethics officials on the organizational structure of government agencies, and the views and expectations held regarding government ethics officials by the personnel of government agencies. In the present study, a questionnaire survey regarding attitudes to and perceptions of, and expectations of, the role played by government ethics officials was distributed to Section Chiefs and Subsection Chiefs working in those departments of Taipei City Government that have a government ethics office attached to them. A total of 1,055 questionnaires were sent out, and 818 were returned, giving a return rate of 77.53%. Of the returned questionnaires, 80 were invalid, leaving 738 valid returned questionnaires. The analysis results are outlined below: 1.Disparities in attitudes to and perceptions of the role played by government ethics officials based on respondent background: (1)There were significant disparities in the attitudes to and perceptions of the role played by government ethics officials between respondents of different ages, with differing years of service, holding different positions, and assigned to different departments. (2)There were no significant disparities in the attitudes to and perceptions of the role played by government ethics officials between respondents of different gender and with differing education levels. 2.Disparities in expectations held of the role played by government ethics officials based on respondent background: (1)There were significant disparities in the expectations held of the role played by government ethics officials between respondents of different ages, with differing years of service, and assigned to different departments. (2)There were no significant disparities in the expectations held of the role played by government ethics officials of different gender, with differing education levels, and holding different positions. 3.A certain degree of correlation was seen between attitudes to and perceptions of the role played by government ethics officials, and expectations of the role played by government ethics officials, with a correlation coefficient of approximately 0.7. On the basis of the review of the literature, the questionnaire survey, and the results of statistical analysis, the following policy recommendations and methodological recommendations are put forward with regard to the conducting of government ethics work: 1.Suggestions for the regulatory authorities: (1)The legislative preparations for the enactment of a “sunshine law” (open government law) should be completed, and the law put into effect. (2)Ethical education for government employees needs to be put on a firm footing, to provide a foundation for clean government. (3)Efforts should be made to strengthen administrative transparency and internal controls and auditing, to bring about an across-the-board enhancement of administrative performance. (4)Senior officials need to advocate for clean government, and set a good personal example. (5)Steps should be taken to ensure that ministers and other government officials in managerial roles fulfill their supervisory responsibilities. 2.Suggestions for government ethics offices: (1)Government ethics work needs to be conducted in collaboration with society as a whole; efforts should be made to promote opposition to official corruption among the general public. (2)The main focus in government ethics work should be on preventing corruption and combating corruption, with efforts to stamp out corruption at the root playing an ancillary role. (3)There should be a clear positioning of the role played by government ethics officials, and a clear demarcation of responsibility. (4)It should be possible to flexibly adjust the manpower allocated to individual government ethics offices as needed. 3.Suggestions for government ethics officials: (1)Government ethics officials should adhere to, and strive to intensify the application of, the fundamental principles of government ethics work: “creating incentives for ethical behavior, prevention of unethical behavior, and provision of service.” (2)Government ethics officials need to move with the times, working to strengthen their knowledge and their professional expertise.

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Lee, Wang-Jenq, und 李旺政. „A study on Government Ethics Official''s role conflict and coping strategies“. Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/07430820902997906400.

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碩士
國立高雄師範大學
成人教育研究所在職專班
91
Abstract This research is intended to investigate the current status of the roles conflict and the coping strategies of government ethics officials, and to investigate whether personal background variables, such as gender, are factors in the role conflict and coping strategies of government ethics officials, as well as the relationship between the two. It is hoped that the result of research would draw conclusion and provide suggestion for the reference of government ethics agencies, official and future researchers. This research is conducted through literature reference, questionnaire investigation, to collect and to analyze data. The literatures and publications referred include domestic and foreign studies in role conflict and coping strategies. In the questionnaire investigation, government ethics agencies of administration offices of 14 counties and cities south of Miaoli were made, and there were 476 dedicated government ethics officials are involved. “Government Ethics Official Role Conflict and Coping Strategies Investigation Questionnaire” edited by the researchers is used as the tool of research. T-test, Single Factor Variation Analysis and Pearson Product /Difference Correlation were conducted top process the data out of investigation on SPSS Statistical Package Software. Based on the result of data analysis, the following main conclusion is induced from this research: 1. Overall, government ethics officials have less sensitive in role conflict 2. Government ethics officials have higher role conflict sense in the organization positioning and less in family relation. 3. Government ethics officials, male, married without kid, college or higher education, serving in county / city government or country/ town/ district office has higher role conflicts. 4. Government ethics officials normally adopt coping strategy of resolving privately when confront with role conflict and less in negative retreating. 5. Government ethics officials would take different coping strategies when confronting role conflict under different background. 6. Between government ethics official role conflict and coping strategies, there is significant correlation in certain aspects. We would present our suggestion, out of the research, that government ethics official shall relieve and smooth the impact and pressure brought by role conflict, and we hope that the study would form a reference for researches yet to commence. Key Words: Government Ethics Officials, role conflict, coping strategy.

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HSIAO, TIEN-PEI, und 蕭天沛. „The Role Change of the Village Officials in Kinmen County before and after the Military Government“. Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/88x5qt.

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碩士
國立高雄大學
高階經營管理碩士在職專班(EMBA)
105
The Kinmen, located in southeast maritime space of Fujian, has an important point in territorial seas, and her geographical location could be the internal defensed Zhang and Xiamen, as well the external resisted Taiwan and Penghu from the early ming dynasties to modern times. The government of the Republic of China retreated to Taiwan, Penghu, kinmen and Mazu for the The Chinese civil war in 1949, hence Kinmen and Mazu were claimed a war zone. Both of men and women in Kinmen were enrolled for members of the civil defense team during the battlefield administration experiment on July 16, 1956. When military and government were integrated, the residents of the Kinmen Island were controlled by martial law era under the life thirty-six years until the end of battlefield government on November 7, 1992 returned to democratic constitutional autonomy. The village officials, the basic unit of local administrative group, affect deep and far the local government autonomy administrative function. To state the role of the village officials change in Kinmen County, we studied the differences in work duty, the affected factors in coopetition relationship evolution of the village organization and community function and value, and the performed duties and acts in the chief of village and the village officers before and after military administration ended battlefield government. A descriptive study was conducted to utilized literature analysis and in-depth interview from the chief of village and the village officers in Kinmen County. The results revealed the mutual trust and dependence between the village officials and the people was not as close as in battlefield government period from the authority of the rule of managers into the civil servant for the public service role. It is the issue which we should pay more attention to the local grassroots first-line workers county government and township offices. This study offers the fourth suggestions to the county government and township offices. 1. To strengthen the village officials of the professional knowledge and the training plan. 2. To enhance the village staff to study their skills, to enhance the effectiveness of service for the people. 3. To improve public visibility in the interaction between the village officials and the people. 4. To revise irregular laws for establish the village officers work functions.

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CHANG, HU CHIH, und 胡志昌. „The study on the role conflict of local government ethics officials – using Taitung county as an example“. Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/y33w9b.

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碩士
國立臺東大學
區域政策與發展研究所
98
The department of government ethics employs the “one whip” design for their organizational management which resulted in two different command systems and organizational objective. It also employs ‘dual executive’ system for command surveillance in which, government ethics officials experience management from superior ethics department and at the same time are under the administrative direction of local government chief. This results in a unique government system and whether or not government ethics officials in this dual situation experience role conflict is a deeply concerning and a worthwhile topic to research. This study aims to organize work content and characteristic of local government ethics officials; to discuss the classification and source of role conflict in order to analyze the reason of role conflict and propose suggestions for improvement. This study employs qualitative research methods involving depth interview and literature review. The study aims to explore and analyze the problems with role conflict and to theorize solutions to improve and response. The results were divided into three major aspects: ‘work content and characteristics’, ‘reason and classification of role conflict’, ‘how to reduce role conflict’. Eighteen people in total were depth interviewed, nine are from local government central ethics department, three were from the subsidiary ethics department, six were from the county coordinating ethics department. By reviewing the interaction with the interviewee and understanding interviewees’ different experience, opinion and feeling, it was possible to analyze the interviews and conclude as follow: 1. The work of government ethics officials can be divided into two types: preventive and investigative. 2. Government ethics officials play multiple roles, in which ‘assistant’ is the major role. 3. The discrepancy between the organization’s chief’s goal and government ethics idea is the biggest issue contributing to role conflict. 4. There are three types of role conflict: in-role conflict happens most often in full-time staff; full-time and assisting staff have different aspects of role conflict; the concept of ‘follow the rules’ contribute to no role conflict, which are the major findings of this study. 5. Government ethics officials believe that ‘reinforce professional training’ is the best way to reduce role conflict. 6. Full-time staff who are in charge of organizational design believe that establishing a independent and select department is the fundamental solution. On the other hand, county coordinating ethics department staffs believe that full-time staff or higher position officials should be in charge. 7. The leadership quality of the superior is the most important issue in improving work efficiency and elevate the spirit of ethics officials. The proposed results of this study listed above aim to reduce the role conflict of local government ethics officials and propose ideas for further study.

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KUO, YUAN-YANG, und 郭元揚. „Tough and Gentle? A Case Study of Parental Role and Housework Participation of Officials in the Bureau of Investigation“. Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/19284414791416500468.

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碩士
國立臺北大學
社會學系
105
In order to understand the extent and differences in the state of household participation of male officials in the bureau of investigation, this study was conducted on the basis of "father", "officer " and "household participation" as the three main axes. Our findings indicate that the upbringing of patriarchal environment and the irregular and demanding work schedules have limited the sampled subjects’ participation on housework, and brought with them a sense of losing their manhood status even when they do participate. The study also finds that the male officers invest more time and show more initiative to participate in child care which indicates the lack of participation on housework may link more to their masculinity attitude than to their irregular work schedules.

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Hou, Yi-Hsiung, und 侯義雄. „A comparative study on gender difference concerning the perceptions on sex roles among Taiwanese military officials“. Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/55578096695308965874.

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碩士
國立臺北大學
犯罪學研究所
99
Abstract A comparative study on gender difference concerning the perceptions on sex roles among Taiwanese military officials By Hou,Yi-Hsiung July 2011 ADVISOR: Dr. HOU,CHUNG-WEN DEPARTMENT: GRADUATE SCHOOL OF CRIMINOLOGY MAJOR: CRIMINOLOGY DEGREE: MASTER OF ARTS The purpose of this research is to explore the gender difference on sex roles issues among Taiwanese military officials. We expect the research would benefit the gender equality policy in the military and would therefore reduce job conflicts and enhance a much better gender relationship in military. Data are from 12 high ranking military officials. We conducted in depth interviews and the respondents were asked to review their personal experience on sex role relationships, career developments and experience on possible sexual harassments. The research found differences on family and occupational perceptions, sexual roles, and uncertainty of their discipline violations. The research also found that the human relationships still play crucial factors concerning the possibility of promotions. Moreover, there is an unfair practice on the military promotion particular on the rank of the military generals. Thirdly, the research found that sexual harassment among military officers could exercise an important influence on one’s career developments along with other benefits as a military officer. The research also suggests a couple of possible policies based on the findings here for the military so that better relationships between male and female officers could be reached. Key-words: sex roles, gender relationship, career development, sexual harassment, and glass ceiling effect.

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Espinoza, Sandoval Evelyn Janeth. „The Role of Parental Emotional Support in the Development of Adolescents' Deviant Identity“. Thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2010-05-7748.

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A specific number sociological theories and empirical studies suggest that deviant identity is the result of being formally or informally sanctioned by social audiences. The process by which individuals develop a deviant identity has been well documented by the literature. Most of this literature has linked the development of a deviant identity to the performance of deviant behavior. There is less evidence documenting the maleficent effects of bearing personal deviant characteristics such as stigmatizing health conditions, and/or being an involuntary member of a group socially defined as deviant (e.g. being the child of an alcoholic parent) in the development of a deviant identity. It is also noteworthy that, although parenting has been the focus of hundreds of studies examining deviant behavior and its consequences for individuals and their families, researchers rarely have been concerned with the effects of parenting in the development of a deviant self-concept. This dissertation examines the effects of parental emotional support on the development of a deviant identity by using a longitudinal data set that incorporates information of adolescents aged 12-19 who report their race, gender, level of selfesteem, parental relations, parental deviant behavior/characteristics, and peers and teacher stigmatization. Various models were estimated to test whether the relationship between deviance and deviant identity was significant, the mediating effects of stigmatization by peers and by teachers, and the moderating effect of both maternal and paternal emotional support on the development of a deviant identity. The results indicate that both maternal and paternal emotional support moderated the effect of maternal deviance but not the effect of paternal deviance. In the case of personal deviance, however, maternal deviance tended to increase as opposed to decrease deviant identity. Paternal emotional support did not moderate the effect of health limitations but it did diminish the effect of contact with the police. These findings were independent of the effects of gender, race, socioeconomic status, age, family structure, and earlier deviant identity. The implications and significance of these findings are discussed.

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Chiu, Shu-Mei, und 邱淑梅. „A Study of Tax officials’ Role Conflict, Job Stress and Turnover Intention: A Case of Northern Internal Revenue Service (IRS) Bureaus“. Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/fya5m4.

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碩士
龍華科技大學
企業管理系碩士班
104
For years, while fulfilling their duty at work, tax officials have been a target for taxpayers to complain and emotionally criticize. The harder they work, the more serious accusations they will receive, which results in tax officials’ role conflict of identity, job stress, and their high turnover rate. For years, while fulfilling their duty at work, tax officials have been a target for taxpayers to complain and emotionally criticize. The harder they work, the more serious accusations they will receive, which results in tax officials’ role conflict of identity, working pressure, and their high turnover rate. To seek solutions, this present study aims to investigate the influence of tax officials’ role conflict of identity and job stress on their turnover intention. Targeting tax officials from eight northern Internal Revenue Service (IRS) bureaus, this study collected 370 copies of the questionnaire, and 334 were valid. Several findings are addressed as follows. First, personal background brings to different influences on role conflicts. Next, years of service, job position, marriage status, and age have a significant influence on turnover intention. Last, analyzed by Structural Equation Models, role conflict has a positive influence on job stress, whereas job stress also has a positive influence on turnover intention. Theoretical implications and suggestions are proposed for further studies and the related fields.

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Basani, Mandla. „Towards a framework to ensure alignment among information security professionals, ICT security auditors and regulatory officials in implementing information security in South Africa“. Diss., 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/9300.

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Information security in the form of IT governance is part of corporate governance. Corporate governance requires that structures and processes are in place with appropriate checks and balances to enable directors to discharge their responsibilities. Accordingly, information security must be treated in the same way as all the other components of corporate governance. This includes making information security a core part of executive and board responsibilities. Critically, corporate governance requires proper checks and balances to be established in an organisation; consequently, these must be in place for all information security implementations. In order to achieve this, it is important to have the involvement of three key role players, namely information security professionals, ICT security auditors and regulatory officials (from now on these will be referred to collectively as the ‘role players’). These three role players must ensure that any information security controls implemented are properly checked and evaluated against the organisation’s strategic objectives and regulatory requirements. While maintaining their individual independence, the three role players must work together to achieve their individual goals with a view to, as a collective, contributing positively to the overall information security of an organisation. Working together requires that each role player must clearly understand its individual role, as well the role of the other players at different points in an information security programme. In a nutshell, the role players must be aligned such that their involvement will deliver maximum value to the organisation. This alignment must be based on a common framework which is understood and accepted by all three role players. This study proposes a South African Information Security Alignment (SAISA) framework to ensure the alignment of the role players in the implementation and evaluation of information security controls. The structure of the SAISA framework is based on that of the COBIT 4.1 (Control Objectives for Information and Related Technology). Hence, the SAISA framework comprises four domains, namely, Plan and Organise Information Security (PO-IS), Acquire and Implement Information Security (AI-IS), Deliver and Support Information Security (DS-IS) and Monitor and Evaluate Information Security (ME-IS). The SAISA framework brings together the three role players with a view to assisting them to understand their respective roles, as well as those of the other role players, as they implement and evaluate information security controls. The framework is intended to improve cooperation among the role players by ensuring that they view each other as partners in this process. Through the life cycle structure it adopts, the SAISA framework provides an effective and efficient tool for rolling out an information security programme in an organisation
Computer Science
M. Sc. (Computer Science)

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Huang, Yun-Ting, und 黃韵庭. „The Role of Culture in Foreign Language Teaching in Taiwan:Analysis of teaching materials and correspondence with the official curriculums“. Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/24114601253561526011.

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碩士
淡江大學
西班牙語文學系碩士班
100
With the rapid development of world, diversification has become one of the major phenomena, this trend reflects the need of cross-cultural education. In view of this, to expand students'' international perspective and have multi-cultural attitude are the main objective of foreign language teaching. Language learning is culture learning, especially in the foreign language teaching. Understanding cultural knowledge is the key to study language. Culture is crucial factor in Language teaching and learning. Changes in linguistic and learning theory demonstrate that culture can be used as an important element in language classrooms. The relationship between culture and language is inseparable. Take culture as the background, regard training students’ language skills (listening, speaking, reading and writing) as the main purpose, pass through and insert the knowledge of the language among them. Besides, culture learning can reduce the difficulties of language learning. Adopting it will improve the efficiency of teaching and learning. While neglecting, it will make all the efforts in vain. It is impossible to teach language well without the knowledge of culture background. In other words, the teaching of the cultural knowledge is the key to reach teaching goal of language. Material is a very important medium in teaching. The material has important impacts of language acquisition. For this reason, we must pay attention to the content of culture at the materials. The cultural content is a key to effective teaching and learning a language. Material should be used in accordance with students'' level, teaching goal, syllabus, moreover, adds that suitable tasks can be given to learners. Considering this, any material should be used to complete the gap between the competency and performance of the language learners in order to achieve the teaching goal, which is a common problem among the nonnative speakers. This requires the language patterns being put into practice in real life situations. Therefore, how to introduce the subject cultural at the course and the material selected whether or not it conforms to the standard are very important. In recent years, the teaching of culture is concerned increasingly in Taiwan, but still a new issue, we are short of the bibliography or thesis related. This paper aims to research the concept of culture and describe the situation of culture teaching and learning, and further, analyze the materials of culture courses in order to evaluated these materials and answer the questions of when and how authentic materials should be used in classrooms, and how cultural content may be included in the curriculum. By the discussion and analysis the thesis, we hope this study can provide information about the circumstances of teaching culture and the result of measure can be used as teaching reference or basis. Keywords: intercultural education, foreign language teaching, cultural knowledge, cultural teaching, cultural teaching materials

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Tu, Hsin-Mei, und 杜心湄. „The Process of Role Transition from Substitute to Official: A Study of Beginning Elementary School Teachers with Administrative Positions“. Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/7wrf5j.

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碩士
國立新竹教育大學
教育與學習科技學系課程與教學碩士在職專班
105
The purpose of this study was to understand how teachers' work experience and professional growth change as a substitute teacher to an official teacher. This study also tried to understand how beginning and official teachers with administrative positions dealing with working pressure. Participants of this study were two elementary school beginning and official teachers with administrative positions, who have substitute teacher experience and have passed teacher assessment .The method adopted in the this study was semi-structured interview. The results found after becoming official teachers, the workload becomes heavier. The source of working pressure and the way of operating interpersonal relationship are also changed. They also have more responsibilities related to the class and the school. Additionally, according to different considerations, they consider about taking a long-term refresher course. Furthermore, the time and cost spent in professional developments are different, too. The willingness of accepting administrative work for beginning and official teachers will depend on the expectations of the administrative positions and the salary being paid. Although beginning and official teachers with administrative positions are usually work overloaded, they will seek support and use rational analysis to work efficiently. However, their motivations are usually different. According to the research results, the researcher suggests substitute teachers should understand the compatibility of self-characteristics and the features of being a teacher. The Ministry of Education should provide beginning and official teachers with related salary information and the way to promote to administrative positions. For the schools, they should ask beginning and official teachers their special skill and expectations, then giving their word to provide necessary administrative support to these beginning and official teachers.

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Chiu, Tzu-Li, und 邱自立. „The Study on the Relationship of Role Pressure, Personality Characteristics, and Self Efficacy of Governmental Procurement Officials - the Case of a Central Government Agency“. Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/38bqae.

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碩士
世新大學
行政管理學研究所(含博、碩專班)
103
This study aims to explore the current status of role pressures, personality characteristics, and self-efficacy among governmental procurement officials. It also examines the variations in role pressures, personality characteristics and self-efficacy among governmental procurement officials with different background variables. There were 270 survey questionnaires administered to procurement officials working in a central government agency, and obtained 253 valid responses. The empirical findings are as follows: 1. Governmental procurement officials exhibit low to middle level of role pressures, and middle to high level of self-efficacy. The scores on the subscales of role pressure are ranked in descending sequence as follows: role loading, psychological pressure, role conflicts, and role ambiguity. The scores on the subscales of personality characteristics are ranked, in descending sequence, as affinity rigidity, externality, openness, imagination, and neurotics; and self-efficacy as human relationship & goal-achieving ability, and individual ability. 2. The differences in gender, age, academic level, seniority level in government services, years in procurement function, procurement professional background and marital status will significantly influence procurement officials’ role pressures. 3. The differences in gender, age, academic level, seniority level in government services, years in procurement function, procurement professional background, marital status, and in-depth hands-on procurement experience will significantly influence procurement officials’ personality characteristics. 4. The differences in gender, age, academic level, seniority level in government services, years in procurement function, procurement professional background and marital status will significantly influence procurement officials’ self-efficacy. 5. The role pressures of governmental procurement officials exert partial influences on self-efficacy. 6. The personality characteristics of governmental procurement officials impacts partially on self-efficacy.

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Chen, Yi-wen, und 陳怡雯. „A STUDY ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ROLE CONFLICT AND JOB SATISFACTION OF WOMEN MANAGERS—WITH FEMALE BANK OFFICIALS IN TAIPEI CITY AS AN ILLUSTRATION“. Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/07929117260954140383.

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碩士
大同大學
事業經營學系(所)
92
In the whole world, the proportion of women participating in the labor force has increased dramatically in recent decades, which has resulted in an increase in the number of women in management positions. As we know, such changes have also been found among women in Taiwan. However, women are still underrepresented in management positions all over the world, and this is especially so for senior management positions. Management represents a “nontraditional” job choice for women and has traditionally been viewed as more appropriate for men than women, so women managers are inclined to face a series of dilemmas. They are continually striving to balance her role at work and home. In addition, managerial women may experience more stress than men and that the sources of stress are gender-related; that is, related to the expected and actual roles of women in society. Moreover, Type A/B personality has been found to be associated with work stress, and it moderates the relationships between work stressors and work stress. With the increase in numbers of women in the labor force, it is critical that more attention be given to understanding the effects of work stress and job satisfaction. While most previous work in this area has involved men as samples, this study puts emphasis on the work experience of managerial and professional women. In the process of this study, the priority was to review and integrate the past literature underlying the basic theory of this study before building up a research framework and putting forward relevant hypotheses as a basis for verification. This research examines the relationship among role conflict, work stress, job satisfaction, and Type A/B personality, utilizing the female bank officials in Taipei City as samples. In total, 220 questionnaires were distributed to conveniently sampled subjects. Of them 127 were found usable, resulting in a response rate of 57.73%. Adopting correlation analysis and regression analysis, the major findings of this study are summarized as follows: (1) role conflict has a significant positive effect on work stress; (2) work stress has a significant negative effect on job satisfaction; (3) role conflict has a significant negative effect on job satisfaction; (4) work stress significantly intensifies the negative relationship between role conflict and job satisfaction; (5) Type A personality does not significantly moderate the positive relationship between role conflict and work stress. This study hopes that it can give managerial practitioners and academicians some insights into the proper treatment of female managers and can also provide them with concrete suggestions on how to balance female managers’ work and nonwork life.

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Ozaki, Sakura. „The formation of NGO inclusion policy in Japan’s official development assistance : the role of NGO’s the foreign ministry and business“. Thesis, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/16373.

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Nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) have become an integral part of Japan's official development assistance (ODA) program since the end of the 1980s. The government subsidizes their activities, supports their capacity-building efforts and cooperate with them in carrying out and evaluating aid projects. This thesis examines why the policy of NGO inclusion in ODA has been formed. It focuses on NGOs, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MOFA) and the business sector to reveal that their respective initiatives based on differing motives have contributed to the making of such a policy. Specifically, MOFA's intention to utilize ODA as a foreign policy tool in the changing aid context and the growing consciousness of good corporate citizenship on the part of the business sector have made it imperative for them to seek partnership with NGOs, who have grown considerably in the Japanese society. The thesis then looks to the interaction among these actors, that is, how they cooperate in some cases and disagree in others. Although the policy of NGO inclusion has been endorsed by official policy forums and statements, the endorsement is not government-wide, nor has the traditional aid system with priority on economic objectives changed. By studying specific cases in which NGOs' humanitarian principles collide with official and business motives, the thesis identifies difficulties in the cross-sectoral cooperation. However, considering the new aid context and the fact that ODA is Japan's major national program, the participation of NGOs and, more broadly, the general public is needed for greater effectiveness and accountability in ODA. The thesis concludes by presenting some issues facing Japanese NGOs for future consideration.
Arts, Faculty of
Asian Research, Institute of
Graduate

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CHUNG, YU-SHU, und 鐘玉書. „The role of social media networks in disaster crisis management - Study of Kaohsiung official Facebook Functions in 2014 Kaohsiung City gas explosion“. Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/u3euxy.

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碩士
玄奘大學
大眾傳播研究所
104
Recently, during catastrophe or disaster, besides the traditional broadcasting media such as television and radio, people also using social networking service such as Facebook and WhatsApp, to communicate each other or obtain the latest news or related announcements. Using the social networking service, the government officials could release the latest announcement to the public, comfort the disaster victim and also adjust the rescue policies after analyzed the responses and interactions from the community via the social networking service. As a result, in this study, we analyses the posts, comments and interactions of the Kaohsiung Mayor-Chen Chu’s Facebook page to evaluate the interactions between the Kaohsiung City Hall and the public during the Kaohsiung Gas Explosion Accident in 2014. We collected and analyzed all the post, comments and interactions in Kaohsiung Mayor-Chen Chu’s Facebook page and linked these information to the City Hall rescue progression, in aim to analyze how these post, comments and interactions affect the states of rescue managements during the accident. Our study showed most of posts during the accident are update of the crisis or disaster states.Besides, most responds to Mayor were supportive and positive messages. In addition, higher attribution of responsibility was found in the part of message and plenty of information of donation, rescue equipment recruitment were also found in the count of share. In conclusion, during catastrophe or disaster, large amount of information spread quickly in social networking service. Government could use the ease of accessibility of the social networking service to release the important announcement, to comfort public, even to gathering donation, rescue equipment and adjust the rescue policies via analyzed the public’s response. Through the social networking service, the government could decrease the uncertainty of the community and win the trust of the public.

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48

Matetoa, Julia Mathuetsi. „The professional role of the correctional officer in the rehabilitation of offenders“. Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/10343.

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Corrections has always been conventionally known as an occupational discipline and not a profession. The organization of corrections has been spoken of as a penitentiary, bearing in mind that the models of the buildings were meant for punishment; with correctional officers recognized as guards. The role of the guards was that of the keeper of the keys and their duty was mainly custodial in nature. The occupation was mainly attractive to white males with a record of unemployment and not much education. The occupation was stable, and did not require for any extra skill. Certain researchers believe that the selection methods for prison warders were extremely relaxed with a small amount of empirical validity. There was also thinking that a correctional officer needed a 20/20 vision and an IQ of an imbecile. Conversely, it has been perceived that a correctional officer can be the most significant individual in the offender’s life, having an influence in refining or declining the success of the different treatment programs that an offender undergoes (Josi & Sechrest, 1998, p. 3). Corrections is a human service occupation. Therefore, human service workers need to have knowledge of human behaviour and be able to assess their perspectives on any behaviour wisely and thus formulate reliable estimations. This will give them the opportunity to enjoy suitable decision making powers and formulate a trend on professional behaviour. Their knowledge of human behaviour will also strengthen the capability to foresee behaviour and give special knowledge to prevent any hesitancy(Williamson, 1990, p. 43). The role of the correctional officers (security staff) has intensely changed over the past few decades.The correctional officer is in today's corrections, expected to balance security and still be responsible for changing the behaviour of offenders constructively (Josi & Sechrest, 1998, p. 11). In order to have a comprehensive understanding of the distinctive and contradictory role of the correctional officer, it is very important to appreciate the changes that have transpired in penal philosophy all through the centuries. Throughout the research, the researcher will make an effort to capture the heritage of corrections and the evolving systems of punishment of Europe, the United States of America and South Africa and look at the applications of the rehabilitation concept and how the Correctional Officer has been utilised as a skilled and knowledgeable professional in the whole process. The aim of the research being to determine the effect that correctional and professional officers have on rehabilitation of offenders and determine the process by which the Correctional environment can be transformed to a true profession of highest integrity and competence. Objectives for the study will be: • To analyse the history and development of Corrections internationally and its philosophical background • To examine the impact of the history of rehabilitation in the South African Corrections system, from the development of the first prisons in 1652 to the demilitarisation of prisons system in the 1990s, right through to the actualisation of the South African White Paper on Corrections, 2005 • To critically examine the professional status of the Corrections occupation against other existing professions. The issues on education, training, credentialing, autonomy, code of ethics and special expertise are some of the aspects that will be looked at as the primary criterion for professions • To explain the conception of rehabilitation and its development and application both internationally and nationally • To critically look at the importance of Corrections system while highlighting the mandated role of the Correctional officer and the duality of the role of balancing security and rehabilitation. The study will contribute on the basis of knowledge in particular regard to Education and Training of Correctional Officers. A model will be developed for South African Correctional Services Systems and predominant focus will be on the performance and education and training of Correctional Officers in South Africa.
Penology
D. Litt. et Phil. (Penology)

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Hou, Tsung-Yen, und 侯宗延. „The Restoration and Conservation on Technique Material of Strong -color on Silk Portrait Painting of Official Robe in Qing Dynasty“. Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/27571527348038297232.

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碩士
國立雲林科技大學
文化資產維護系
103
Portrait painting is the main method for people to record their ancestor’s appearance before the flourishing of modern photography. The portraits of ancestors have been immortalized and admired by the offspring. Qing Dynasty’s official robe portrait inherits the traditional Chinese portrait’s spirit and acts glorious performance. However, fading away with times, it becomes a last brush of traditional portrait. The official robe portrait is a practical art, it is often excluded from the so-called admirable painting category. Therefore, the opportunity of the official robe portrait to be properly preserved and collected are relatively low. Following this trend, these ancestors’ faces and portrait painting techniques have been forgotten by the era. This research aims at an anonymous Qing Dynasty’s strong-color silk painting. The historical background and style characteristics of Qing Dynasty’s official robe portrait have been clarified through art history study. By reviewing the ancient literature, the painting process and materials, techniques have been explored about official robe portrait with Qing Dynasty’s strong-color silk painting. Furthermore, this research has analyzed the material characteristics of silk and mineral pigment derived from the traditional painting techniques, and has explored the restoration and preservation of the materials and techniques on portraits. The study target is to depict, recover, and to record official robe portrait’s traditional painting techniques, which will be as a reference for the future restoration. Before repairing the portraits, the check and register combined with the historical surveys and scientific testing help the researcher to prepare accurately repair guidelines. Based on the recommended and proposed repair materials and techniques, the process can be improved according to the characteristics and injury status of official robe portraits. Following that, the preserve method has been considered. This research not only repairs the tangible historical imagery, but also saves intangible conventional techniques. To more extend, it helps official robe portrait to extend in more horizontal ways for the following generations. To conclude, the official robe portrait carries not only the paints and the outline of the image, but the Tao spirit of thousands of years of Chinese culture. It is truly the sustainable cultural heritage which needs to be well preserved and inherited in the future. Keywords: official robe portrait, silk painting, mineral pigments, traditional painting techniques, recovery depicting

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Kuo, Hsin-Yu, und 郭欣瑀. „The Impact of Government Ethics Officials'' Conflicting Roles on the Job Sastisfaction and the Job Involvement '' : A Study of Taipei City Government“. Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/racu25.

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碩士
國立臺灣大學
國家發展研究所
102
This is a study on “The Impact of Government Ethics Officials Conflicting Roles on the Job Sastisfaction and the Job Involvement: A Study of Taipei City Government" The aim is to understand: (1)The conditions and extent of the effects in job satisfaction with regard to role conflicts within government ethics officials. (2)The conditions and extent of the effects in job involvement with regard to job satisfaction within government ethics officials. (3)Whether role conflicts are effected through job satisfaction and influence job involvement. By means of a survey on government ethics officials in the Department of Government Ethics as well as subordinate ethics offices of the Taipei City Government, a total of 252 valid questionnaires we received. Using the SPSS statistics program and gathering results from the regression analysis, three conclusions of the study were obtained: (1)The role conflicts within government ethics officials have a significant negative effect on job satisfaction. (2)The job satisfaction within government ethics personnel are a significant positive effect on job involvement. (3)Job satisfaction have a mediating effect on the relationship between role conflict and job involvement. From the above conclusions, this study proposes some methods in management within government ethics personnel for superior government ethics offices and the Agency Against Corruption.

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Dissertationen zum Thema „Official’s role“

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