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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema „Nye tensor“

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Veröffentlicht am 8. Februar 2025

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1

Hardin, Thomas, Brent L. Adams, David T. Fullwood und Robert H. Wagoner. „Estimation of the Full Nye Tensor by EBSD-Based Dislocation Microscopy“. Materials Science Forum 702-703 (Dezember 2011): 489–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.702-703.489.

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An extension to a previously published, novel stereological method is reported which infers experimentally inaccessible components of the Nye GND tensor. Limitations imposed by electron-opacity of metals prevent direct measurement of four components of the Nye tensor, but it is possible to use additional experimentally-obtainable information in connection with underlying field equilibrium equations to estimate these additional components. This approach uses derivatives to the infinitesimal elastic distortion tensor to reduce error imposed by pattern center inaccuracy.

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2

Szabó, Péter János, und András Csóré. „Determination of Dislocation Density in Cubic Systems“. Materials Science Forum 812 (Februar 2015): 447–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.812.447.

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From the lattice orientation of a sample, elements of the Nye-tensor can be determined. With the help of Nye’s tensor, dislocation density can be calculated for the certain sample. Since the measures were carried out with scanning electronmicroscope (SEM), just superficial orientations can be measured. Hence the Nye-tensor is an incomplete matrix, with five elements. Because of the absence of the other four elements just a quasi-dislocation density can be obtained. The algorithm of the calculation was programmed on the language C#.

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3

Hartley, Craig S., und Y. Mishin. „Representation of dislocation cores using Nye tensor distributions“. Materials Science and Engineering: A 400-401 (Juli 2005): 18–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2005.03.076.

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4

Мурашкин, Е. В. „On a method of constructing nye figures for asymmetric theories of micropolar elasticity“. Вестник Чувашского государственного педагогического университета им. И.Я. Яковлева. Серия: Механика предельного состояния, Nr. 3(57) (29.12.2023): 100–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.37972/chgpu.2023.57.3.009.

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В настоящей работе процедура построения двумерных фигур Ная модифицируется для асимметричных матриц и применяется для представления определяющих псевдотензоров демитропных микрополярных упругих континуумов. Указанные матричные представления используются для упрощения тензорной записи уравнений анизотропных тел. Метод матричного представления Ная позволяет изобразить тензоры и псевдотензоры четвертого и второго рангов в виде своеобразных двумерных фигур. Получена матричная форма асимметричных определяющих уравнений демитропного микрополярного упругого тела. Основное изложение статьи проводится в декартовой прямоугольной системе координат в терминах инвариантного элемента объема. In this work, the process of constructing two-dimensional figures is modified for asymmetric matrices and is used to represent the defining pseudotensors of demitropic micropolar elastic continua. The specified matrix representations are used to simplify the tensor representation of the material of anisotropic bodies. This method allows us to represent tensors and pseudotensors of the fourth and second ranks in the form of peculiar two-dimensional figures. A matrix form is obtained that defines the basis of a demitropic micropolar elastic body. The main presentation of the article is carried out in a Cartesian rectangular coordinate system.

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5

Adams, Brent L., David T. Fullwood, J. A. Basinger und T. Hardin. „High Resolution EBSD-Based Dislocation Microscopy“. Materials Science Forum 702-703 (Dezember 2011): 11–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.702-703.11.

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Significant advances are reported in the application of HR-EBSD to the imaging of the dislocation structure of polycrystalline materials. The central assumption of the method is the compatibility of the total displacement field, which relates the (Nye) dislocation tensor to the (partially measurable) curl of the elastic displacement field. Two key challenges must be addressed, including: a) the fundamental limitation imposed by the electron-opacity of typical materials, which limits the measurement of gradients in the displacement field in the direction normal to the sample surface; and b) the inability of HR-EBSD to recover the spherical (elastic) distortions of the lattice. This second challenge can be overcome if a traction free boundary condition is applied. It is illustrated that consideration of the familiar stress equilibrium relations gives additional information, which may enable estimates of the missing components of the Nye tensor. An example of application of HR-EBSD to a Mg-Ce sample is presented.

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6

Dai, Fuzhi, und Wenzheng Zhang. „Identification of Secondary Dislocations by Singular Value Decomposition of the Nye Tensor“. Acta Metallurgica Sinica (English Letters) 27, Nr. 6 (13.08.2014): 1078–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40195-014-0123-6.

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7

Seyed Salehi, Majid, Nozar Anjabin und Hyoung S. Kim. „Study of Geometrically Necessary Dislocations of a Partially Recrystallized Aluminum Alloy Using 2D EBSD“. Microscopy and Microanalysis 25, Nr. 3 (10.04.2019): 656–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927619000382.

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AbstractDuring recrystallization, the growth of fresh grains initiated within a deformed microstructure causes dramatic changes in the dislocation structure and density of a heavily deformed matrix. In this paper, the microstructure of a cold rolled and partially recrystallized Al-Mg alloy (AA5052) was studied via electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD) analysis. The structure and density of the geometrically necessary dislocations (GNDs) were predicted using a combination of continuum mechanics and dislocation theory. Accordingly, the Nye dislocation tensor, which determines the GND structure, was estimated by calculation of the lattice curvature. To do so, five components of the Nye dislocation tensor were directly calculated from the local orientation of surface points of the specimen, which was determined by two-dimensional EBSD. The remaining components of GNDs were determined by minimizing a normalized Hamiltonian equation based on dislocation energy. The results show the elimination of low angle boundaries, lattice curvature, and GNDs in recrystallized regions and the formation of low angle boundaries with orientation discontinuities in deformed grains, which may be due to static recovery.

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8

Leff, A. C., C. R. Weinberger und M. L. Taheri. „Estimation of dislocation density from precession electron diffraction data using the Nye tensor“. Ultramicroscopy 153 (Juni 2015): 9–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ultramic.2015.02.002.

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9

Mendis, B. G., Y. Mishin, C. S. Hartley und K. J. Hemker. „Use of the Nye tensor in analyzing HREM images of bcc screw dislocations“. Philosophical Magazine 86, Nr. 29-31 (11.10.2006): 4607–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14786430600660849.

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10

Hindmarsh, Richard C. A. „Sliding over anisotropic beds“. Annals of Glaciology 30 (2000): 137–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.3189/172756400781820840.

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AbstractMany glacier beds are anisotropic, by which is meant that the dominant wavelengths are different in the two map-plane directions. A largely unexplored consequence of Nye-Kamb sliding theory is the fact that an anisotropic bed can produce a sliding velocity not parallel to the tangential traction vector. This has important consequences, since observations of non-parallel flow are often taken as indications that the shallow-ice approximation has broken down, whereas this need not be the case with an anisotropic bed.Mathematically, this effect can be incorporated through the use of a sliding tensor. The mathematical properties of this tensor are outlined, and the correct "invariant" for the sliding law, a quadratic form, is deduced. Nye-Kamb theory for anisotropic beds is discussed. Flow on the infinite plane and the properties of surface-topography diffusion are elucidated. The properties of kinematic waves and shock waves are discussed. Kinematic waves can have a lateral component. Numerical computations of ice-sheet flow on beds with anisotropic roughness are presented, with emphasis placed on how this affects divide-ridge structure It is suggested that cold-based ice sheets, which have an anisotropic bed affecting the shear layer, may also show non-parallelism of surface slope and velocity.

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Leff, A. C., C. R. Weinberger und M. L. Taheri. „Nye Tensor Dislocation Density Mapping From Precession Electron Diffraction: Effects of Filtering and Angular Resolution“. Microscopy and Microanalysis 21, S3 (August 2015): 1893–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927615010247.

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12

Leff, A. C., und M. L. Taheri. „Quantitative assessment of the driving force for twin formation utilizing Nye tensor dislocation density mapping“. Scripta Materialia 121 (August 2016): 14–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scriptamat.2016.04.035.

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13

Gröger, Roman, und Turab Lookman. „Mesoscopic Description of Dislocation Patterning Using the Concept of Incompatibility of Strains“. Solid State Phenomena 258 (Dezember 2016): 87–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.258.87.

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We develop a phase field model that describes the elastic distortion of a ferroelastic material with cubic anisotropy due to an arbitrary dislocation network and a uniform external load. The dislocation network is characterized using the Nye tensor and enters the formulation via a set of incompatibility constraints for the internal strain field. The long-range elastic response of the material is obtained by minimization of the free energy that accounts for higher order terms of the order parameters and symmetry-adapted strain gradients. To demonstrate the performance of the model, a minimal version of continuum dislocation dynamics is used to investigate the simultaneous evolution of the network of geometrically necessary dislocations and the internal strain field.

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14

Kashiwar, Ankush, Horst Hahn und Christian Kübel. „In Situ TEM Observation of Cooperative Grain Rotations and the Bauschinger Effect in Nanocrystalline Palladium“. Nanomaterials 11, Nr. 2 (09.02.2021): 432. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano11020432.

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We report on cooperative grain rotation accompanied by a strong Bauschinger effect in nanocrystalline (nc) palladium thin film. A thin film of nc Pd was subjected to cyclic loading–unloading using in situ TEM nanomechanics, and the evolving microstructural characteristics were investigated with ADF-STEM imaging and quantitative ACOM-STEM analysis. ADF-STEM imaging revealed a partially reversible rotation of nanosized grains with a strong out-of-plane component during cyclic loading–unloading experiments. Sets of neighboring grains were shown to rotate cooperatively, one after the other, with increasing/decreasing strain. ACOM-STEM in conjunction with these experiments provided information on the crystallographic orientation of the rotating grains at different strain levels. Local Nye tensor analysis showed significantly different geometrically necessary dislocation (GND) density evolution within grains in close proximity, confirming a locally heterogeneous deformation response. The GND density analysis revealed the formation of dislocation pile-ups at grain boundaries (GBs), indicating the generation of back stresses during unloading. A statistical analysis of the orientation changes of individual grains showed the rotation of most grains without global texture development, which fits to both dislocation- and GB sliding-based mechanisms. Overall, our quantitative in situ experimental approach explores the roles of these different deformation mechanisms operating in nanocrystalline metals during cyclic loading.

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15

Vorotnev, D. V., R. V. Golovanov, D. A. Kuznetsov, K. V. Panfilova, S. V. Umnyashkin und I. O. Sharonov. „OPENVX STANDARD TENSOR IMPLEMENTATION FOR ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS ON SPECIALIZED PLATFORMS“. Issues of radio electronics, Nr. 8 (20.08.2018): 104–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.21778/2218-5453-2018-8-104-111.

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NNE extension for OpenVX 1.2 standard adds functions that implement layers of artificial neural networks. Each layer receives a tensor object as input, processes it and passes the result tensor to the next layer. Implementation recommendations and hardware optimization of tensor processing functions were proposed. The types of data supported by the OpenVX standard for creating of tensors are given, and the operations for processing them are described. The mathematical and software models of tensors are described in detail, which allow performing element-by-element processing. A new program model of the tensor is proposed, which allows to reduce the implementation of functions for processing tensors to the re-invocation of functions for image processing of the OpenVX standard. There are a detail description of functions algorithms from NNE extension based on the proposal method in the paper. Advantages and disadvantages of considered approach function implementation were shown.

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Heczko, Milan, Veronika Mazánová, Roman Gröger, Tomáš Záležák, Mohammad S. Hooshmand, Easo George, Michael Mills und Antonín Dlouhý. „Cores of 1/2< 110 >-type dislocations in the CrMnFeCoNi high-entropy alloy investigated by STEM, the center of symmetry and the Nye tensor mapping techniques“. Microscopy and Microanalysis 27, S1 (30.07.2021): 3098–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927621010722.

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17

Jun, Li, T. H. Jacka und W. F. Budd. „Deformation rates in combined compression and shear for ice which is initially isotropic and after the development of strong anisotropy“. Annals of Glaciology 23 (1996): 247–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3189/s0260305500013501.

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Laboratory-prepared fine-grained, initially isotropic polycrystalline ice samples were deformed under conditions of simple shear with simultaneous uniaxial compression at a constant temperature of −2.0°C. The aim was to investigate the effects of stress configuration on the flow rate of initially isotropic ice and on ice with subsequent stress and strain-induced anisotropy. Experiments were carried out for various combinations of shear and compression with shear stress ranging from 0 to 0.49 MPa and compressive stress ranging from 0 to 0.98 MPa, but such that for every experiment the octahedral shear stress was 0.4 MPa.The strain curves resulting from the experiments clearly exhibit minimum strain rates while the ice is still isotropic, and steady-state tertiary strain rates along with the development of steady-state anisotropic fabric patterns. With constant octahedral stress (root-mean-square of the principal stress deviators), the minimum octahedral shear-strain rate has no dependence on stress configuration. This result supports the hypothesis that the flow of isotropic ice is dependent only on the second invariant of the stress tensor. This fundamental assumption has been used to provide a general description of ice-flow behaviour independent of the stress configuration (e.g. Nye, 1953; Glen, 1958; Budd, 1969).For the tertiary flow of anisotropic ice, the octahedral strain rate is stress-state dependent as a consequence of the developed crystal-orientation fabric, which is also stress-state dependent, and which develops with strain and rotation. The present tests indicate that the enhancement factor for steady-state tertiary octahedral shear-strain rate depends on the shear or compression fraction and varies from about 10 for simple shear (with zero compression) to about 3 for uniaxial compression (with zero shear).

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Jun, Li, T. H. Jacka und W. F. Budd. „Deformation rates in combined compression and shear for ice which is initially isotropic and after the development of strong anisotropy“. Annals of Glaciology 23 (1996): 247–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0260305500013501.

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Laboratory-prepared fine-grained, initially isotropic polycrystalline ice samples were deformed under conditions of simple shear with simultaneous uniaxial compression at a constant temperature of −2.0°C. The aim was to investigate the effects of stress configuration on the flow rate of initially isotropic ice and on ice with subsequent stress and strain-induced anisotropy. Experiments were carried out for various combinations of shear and compression with shear stress ranging from 0 to 0.49 MPa and compressive stress ranging from 0 to 0.98 MPa, but such that for every experiment the octahedral shear stress was 0.4 MPa. The strain curves resulting from the experiments clearly exhibit minimum strain rates while the ice is still isotropic, and steady-state tertiary strain rates along with the development of steady-state anisotropic fabric patterns. With constant octahedral stress (root-mean-square of the principal stress deviators), the minimum octahedral shear-strain rate has no dependence on stress configuration. This result supports the hypothesis that the flow of isotropic ice is dependent only on the second invariant of the stress tensor. This fundamental assumption has been used to provide a general description of ice-flow behaviour independent of the stress configuration (e.g. Nye, 1953; Glen, 1958; Budd, 1969). For the tertiary flow of anisotropic ice, the octahedral strain rate is stress-state dependent as a consequence of the developed crystal-orientation fabric, which is also stress-state dependent, and which develops with strain and rotation. The present tests indicate that the enhancement factor for steady-state tertiary octahedral shear-strain rate depends on the shear or compression fraction and varies from about 10 for simple shear (with zero compression) to about 3 for uniaxial compression (with zero shear).

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Rudolph, Peter. „Defect mastering - one of the topic challenges for crystal growth“. Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations and Advances 70, a1 (05.08.2014): C32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2053273314099677.

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The quality of single crystals, epitaxial layers and devices made there from are very sensitively influenced by structural and atomistic deficiencies generated during the crystal growth. Crystalline imperfections comprise point defects, dislocations, grain boundaries, second-phase particles. Over more than a half-century of the development of crystal growth, most of the important defect-forming mechanisms have become well understood [1-2]. As a result, the present state of technology makes it possible to produce crystals of remarkably high quality. However, that is not to say that all problems are already solved. For instance, in comparison with silicon the point defect dynamics in semiconductor and oxide compounds is not nearly as well understood. The density of equivalent defect types and antisites in each sub-lattice is determined by deviation from stoichiometry. Their charge state depends on the Fermi level position leading via interaction with dopants to certain compensation level and complex formation. One measure proves to be the in situ control of stoichiometry. Due to high-temperature dislocation dynamics heterogeneous dislocation substructures are formed. Both, acting thermo-mechanical stress and given point defect situation force the dislocation to glide and climb. In the course of enthalpy minimization the long-range character of dislocation interaction produces agglomerates and patterns with polygonized cell walls, i.e. small angle grain boundaries [3]. Thanks to the rules of correspondence of Taylor and Kuhlmann-Wilsdorf one is able to estimate the interaction between shear stress, dislocation density and cell diameter (Fig.). In epitaxy the Nye tensor, describing dislocation distribution inhomogeneity, affects the layer stress considerably. The growth under minimum stress, solution hardening and in situ stoichiometry control are effective counteracting methods. One of the most serious consequences during cooling down of as-grown crystals is the point defect condensation in precipitates and micro-voids decorating dislocation patterns or inducing high mechanical misfit stress that generates dislocation loops. It proves to be favourable to anneal the crystal a few degrees below the melting point in order to dissolve the particles and re-diffuse their into the crystal matrix.

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Murashkin, E. V., und Y. N. Radayev. „Two-Dimensional Nye Figures for Some Micropolar Elastic Solids“. Mechanics of Solids 58, Nr. 6 (Dezember 2023): 2254–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.3103/s0025654423700243.

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Abstract The paper is devoted to problems related to two-dimensional Nye figures for micropolar continua. The representation technique known from studies on crystallography for 4th, 3rd and 2nd rank tensors is employed by two-dimensional matrices, supplied by relationships between their elements. Such representations are commonly used to simplify a script of the equations of athermic micropolar elastic solids. This method allows us to graphically represent micropolar constitutive tensors and pseudotensors in the form of specific two-dimensional blocks. The Nye figures for the micropolar elastic solids are obtained. The Nye figures enables us to discriminate anisotropic solids and figure out general anisotropic, hemitropic, isotropic, and ultraisotropic continua.

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Yu, Xin, Scott Leaney, Jim Rutledge und Chris Chapman. „Multievent moment-tensor inversion for ill-conditioned geometries“. GEOPHYSICS 81, Nr. 2 (01.03.2016): KS11—KS24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/geo2015-0074.1.

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Moment-tensor inversion under single monitoring well geometries becomes unstable due to the singularity of the inversion matrix. But microseismic events observed during hydraulic fracturing commonly show clusters of events with similar source mechanisms despite differences in the origin time and the magnitude. If the events with similar source mechanisms can be grouped and inverted for a single common moment tensor, the singularity can be eliminated. We have developed a normalized multievent moment-tensor inversion (NME-MTI) method, which does the MTI simultaneously for multiple events, to test the feasibility of this multievent approach. First, the scalar moment for each event was estimated using the far-field low-frequency level at each receiver. Then, the displacements measured at the receivers were normalized by the scalar moment and used to invert for the common moment tensor simultaneously for all the events in the group. We introduced a gradient search method to minimize the overall misfit by adjusting the scalar moment for each event to reduce the errors introduced by the scalar moment estimation. The algorithm was tested with a synthetic data set with four monitoring wells and a field data set with dual monitoring wells. It was proved that the NME-MTI method can retrieve the moment tensors of the event groups with data from a single monitoring well. The effects of uncertainties on the inversion were examined with data noise, scalar moment uncertainty, and event location uncertainty. The results showed that the ME-MTI result is much less sensitive to the data noise and the scalar moment uncertainty than the single-event approach. The results also determined that although the bias to the solutions increases when the event location uncertainty increases, the bias can be controlled by reducing the event location uncertainties using a more accurate location algorithm.

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de Souza Neto, E. A. „On general isotropic tensor functions of one tensor“. International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 61, Nr. 6 (22.09.2004): 880–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1094.

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23

Мурашкин, Е. В. „Обобщенные фигуры Ная для ультрагемитропных и ультраизотропных микрополярных упругих тел“. Вестник Чувашского государственного педагогического университета им. И.Я. Яковлева. Серия: Механика предельного состояния, Nr. 3(61) (19.12.2024): 140–53. https://doi.org/10.37972/chgpu.2024.61.3.010.

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В настоящей статье обсуждаются вопросы построения фигур Ная для микрополряных тел. Из общего анизотропного микрополярного упругого тела редуцируются к гемитропному, а затем к ультрагемитропному и, окончательно, к ультраизотропному микрополярному телу. Определяющие тензоры четвертого ранга преобразуются к двумерной матричной форме. Итоговые фигуры Ная для рассматриваемых микрополярных тел получаются путем объединения элементарных фигур для определяющих тензоров. Получены фигуры Ная, графически представляющие гемитропное, ультрагемитропное и ультраизотропное микрополярное упругое тело и связями между компонентами асимметричных определяющих тензоров. In present paper, the construction of Nye figures for micropolar solids is discussed. A general anisotropic micropolar elastic solid is reduced to a hemitropic, then to an ultrahemitropic, and finally to an ultraisotropic micropolar solid. The constitutive tensors of the fourth rank are transformed to a two-dimensional matrix form. The final Nye figures for the considered micropolar solids are obtained by combining the elementary figures for the constitutive tensors. We obtain Nye figures that graphically represent a hemitropic, ultrahemitropic, and ultraisotropic micropolar elastic solid and the couples between the components of the asymmetric constitutive tensors.

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Tranos, Markos D., Petros G. Neofotistos, Sotirios A. Kokkalas und Ghislain L. Tourigny. „Insights into the Paleostress Analysis of Heterogeneous Fault-Slip Data by Comparing Different Methodologies: The Case of the Voltri Massif in the Ligurian Alps (NW Italy)“. Applied Sciences 12, Nr. 19 (08.10.2022): 10098. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app121910098.

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One of the most critical stages in fault-slip data stress analysis is separating the fault data into homogeneous subsets and selecting a suitable analysis method for each subset. A basic assumption in stress tensor computations is that fault activations occur simultaneously under a homogeneous stress regime. With that rationale, this work aims to attain improvements in the paleostress reconstruction from the polyphase deformed region of Voltri Massif in the Ligurian Alps by using already published heterogeneous fault-slip data inverted using best-fit stress inversion methods and in the absence of any tectonostratigraphic and overprinting criteria. The fault-slip data are re-examined and analyzed with a best-fit stress inversion method and the Tensor Ratio Method (TRM) in the absence of any tectonostratigraphic and overprinting criteria. This analysis defines crucial differences in the paleostress history of the Voltri Massif in the Ligurian Alps, and gives insight into the analysis and results of different stress inversion methodologies. Best-fit site stress tensors have substantial diversity in stress orientations and ratios, implying possible stress perturbations in the region. The reason for these diversities is that the Misfit Angle (MA) minimization criterion taken into account in the best-fit stress inversion methods allows for acceptable fault-slip data combinations, which under the additional geological compatibility criteria used by the TRM, are found to be incompatible. The TRM application on this already published and analyzed data defines similar site and bulk stress tensors with fewer diversities in stress orientations and ratios defined from fault-slip data whose orientations always satisfy the same additional geological compatibility criteria induced by the TRM, and not only from the MA minimization criterion. Thus, TRM seems to define stress tensors that are not as sensitive to the input of fault-slip data, compared to the best-fit stress tensors that appear to suffer from the ‘overfitting’ modeling error. Five distinct TRM bulk paleostress tensors provide a more constrained paleostress history for the Voltri Massif and the Ligurian Alps, which after the restoration of the ~50° CCW rotation, comprise: (a) a transpression–strike-slip stress regime (T1) with NNE-SSW contraction in Late Eocene, (b) an Oligocene NW-SE extensional regime (T2), which fits with the NW-SE extension documented for the broader area north of Corsica due to a significant change in subduction dynamics, (c) a transient, local, or ephemeral NE-SW transtension (T3) which might be considered a local mutual permutation of the T2 stresses, and (d) a Miocene transpression with a contraction that progressively shifted from ENE-WSW (T4) to NNE-SSW (T5), reflecting the stress reorganization in the Ligurian Alps due to a decrease in the retreating rate of the northern Apennines slab. Therefore, paleostress reconstruction can be fairly described by enhanced Andersonian bulk stress tensors, and requires additional geological compatibility criteria than the criteria and sophisticated tools used by the best-fit stress inversion methods for separating the fault-slip data to different faulting events.

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Kowalczyk, Natalia, und Aneta Brzezicka. „Gry wideo a zmiany strukturalne mózgu“. Kosmos 69, Nr. 1 (11.04.2020): 233–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.36921/kos.2020_2626.

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Mimo iż gry wideo, zwane również grami komputerowymi, nie powstały, aby uczyć to stanowią płaszczyznę do badania neuroplastyczności czyli zdolności mózgu do ,,przeprogramowywania się?? w wyniku specyficznego doświadczenia. Badania donoszą, iż regularne granie w gry komputerowe, w szczególności gry akcji, poprawia głównie podstawowe zdolności poznawcze, takie jak szybkość reagowania, wrażliwość na kontrast czy selektywność i podzielność uwagi. Pojedyncze badania pokazują poprawę funkcji wykonawczych. Mniej wiadomo natomiast nt. neuronalnych podstaw tego rodzaju poprawy. W niniejszym artykule podsumowujemy wyniki badań, w których przeprowadzano pomiary strukturalnych zmian mózgu w wyniku doświadczenia z grami komputerowymi. Zestawione zostały badania wykorzystujące głównie dwie metody badania plastyczności mózgu - morfometrii bazującej na wokselach (ang. based morphometry, VBM) istoty szarej oraz obrazowanie tensora dyfuzji (ang. diffusion tensor imaging, DTI) w istocie białej. Badania zmian strukturalnych mózgu z użyciem rezonansu magnetycznego (magnetic resonance imaging, MRI) dostarczają kolejnych przykładów na potencjalne korzyści płynące z grania w gry komputerowe.

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Robertson, J. H. „Physical properties of crystals: their representation by tensors and matricesby J. F. Nye“. Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations of Crystallography 41, Nr. 6 (01.11.1985): 624. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0108767385001477.

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Chekhov, V. V. „Tensor-based matrices in geometrically non-linear FEM“. International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 63, Nr. 15 (2005): 2086–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1343.

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Harte, R., und U. Eckstein. „Derivation of geometrically nonlinear finite shell elements via tensor notation“. International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 23, Nr. 3 (März 1986): 367–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620230304.

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Iliopoulos, Athanasios, und John G. Michopoulos. „Direct strain tensor approximation for full-field strain measurement methods“. International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 95, Nr. 4 (24.06.2013): 313–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.4509.

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Salvadori, Alberto. „Hypersingular boundary integral equations and the approximation of the stress tensor“. International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 72, Nr. 6 (2007): 722–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.2041.

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Wilson, Ben A., Paul D. Ledger und William R. B. Lionheart. „Identification of metallic objects using spectral magnetic polarizability tensor signatures: Object classification“. International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 123, Nr. 9 (18.02.2022): 2076–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.6927.

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Wang, Gang, Xiaohu Liu, Shaofan Li und Nicholas Sitar. „Smart element method II. An element based on the finite Eshelby tensor“. International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 64, Nr. 10 (2005): 1303–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1398.

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Viviers, H. „Die besweringsrefrein in Hooglied 2:7, 3:5 en 8:4 – ‘Moenie die liefde rypdruk nie’ of ‘Steur ons nie in ons liefde nie’“. Verbum et Ecclesia 10, Nr. 1 (18.07.1989): 80–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/ve.v10i1.999.

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The refrain of adjuration in Song of Songs 2:7, 3:5 and 8:4: “Don’t arouse young love prematurely” or “don’t interrupt our love” The refrain of adjuration in Song of Songs 2:7,3:5 and 8:4 has to date mainly been explained in two ways, viz. a warning against young love that is aroused prematurely (cf Nuwe Afrikaanse Bybelvertaling) or an earnest request not to disturb the two lovers in their lovemaking (e.g. Good New Bible). Lovemaking between man and woman occurs in every context which immediately precedes the refrain and in that of which the refrain is a part. The second explanation, the request not to be interrupted, would be much more applicable here than the moralising first explanation. The tenor of the book as a whole also seems to favour the second explanation, because the Song of Songs is not a moralising book!

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Adams, Brent L., Calvin J. Gardner und David T. Fullwood. „EBSD-Based Dislocation Microscopy“. Solid State Phenomena 160 (Februar 2010): 3–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.160.3.

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Recent advances in high-resolution electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD)-based microscopy are applied to the characterization of incompatibility structures near the grain boundaries (GBs) in polycrystals. The principal interest described here is recovery of geometrically-necessary dislocation (density) tensors, of the 2- and 3-D type, described by Nye and Kröner. These developments are presented in the context of the continuum dislocation theory. High resolution data obtained near a single grain boundary in well-annealed, low content steel suggests that it may be possible to measure the intrinsic elastic properties of GBs.

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Bittencourt, M. L., und T. G. Vazquez. „Tensor-based Gauss-Jacobi numerical integration for high-order mass and stiffness matrices“. International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 79, Nr. 5 (30.07.2009): 599–638. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.2580.

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Kwon, Hyeok Gyu, und Sung Ho Jang. „Optic radiation injury following traumatic epidural hematoma: Diffusion tensor imaging study“. NeuroRehabilitation 28, Nr. 4 (29.06.2011): 383–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/nre-2011-0667.

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Voelbel, Gerald T., Helen M. Genova, Nancy D. Chiaravalotti und Matthew J. Hoptman. „Diffusion tensor imaging of traumatic brain injury review: Implications for neurorehabilitation“. NeuroRehabilitation 31, Nr. 3 (17.09.2012): 281–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/nre-2012-0796.

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Ledger, Paul D., Ben A. Wilson, Alan A. S. Amad und William R. B. Lionheart. „Identification of metallic objects using spectral magnetic polarizability tensor signatures: Object characterisation and invariants“. International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 122, Nr. 15 (25.05.2021): 3941–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.6688.

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Starnoni, Michele, Inga Berre, Eirik Keilegavlen und Jan Martin Nordbotten. „Modeling and discretization of flow in porous media with thin, full‐tensor permeability inclusions“. International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 122, Nr. 17 (24.05.2021): 4730–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.6744.

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Seo, Jeong Pyo, und Sung Ho Jang. „Recovery of injured cingulum in a patient with brain injury: Diffusion tensor tractography study“. NeuroRehabilitation 33, Nr. 2 (28.10.2013): 257–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/nre-130953.

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Dui, Guansuo, Zhengdao Wang und Qingwen Ren. „Explicit formulations of tangent stiffness tensors for isotropic materials“. International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 69, Nr. 4 (19.06.2006): 665–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1776.

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Han, Bong Soo, Sang Ho Ahn und Sung Ho Jang. „Cortical reorganization demonstrated by diffusion tensor tractography analyzed using functional MRI activation“. NeuroRehabilitation 23, Nr. 2 (06.05.2008): 171–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/nre-2008-23206.

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Hong, Ji Heon, Jun Lee, Yoon Woo Cho, Woo Mok Byun, Hee Kyung Cho, Su Min Son und Sung Ho Jang. „Limb apraxia in a patient with cerebral infarct: Diffusion tensor tractography study“. NeuroRehabilitation 30, Nr. 4 (01.06.2012): 255–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/nre-2012-0753.

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Fan, Houfu, und Shaofan Li. „A three-dimensional surface stress tensor formulation for simulation of adhesive contact in finite deformation“. International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 107, Nr. 3 (08.12.2015): 252–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.5169.

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45

Carlberg, Kevin, Charbel Bou-Mosleh und Charbel Farhat. „Efficient non-linear model reduction via a least-squares Petrov-Galerkin projection and compressive tensor approximations“. International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 86, Nr. 2 (28.10.2010): 155–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.3050.

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46

Han, Bong Soo, Seong Ho Kim, Oh Lyong Kim, Soo Ho Cho, Yun-Hee Kim und Sung Ho Jang. „Recovery of corticospinal tract with diffuse axonal injury: A diffusion tensor image study“. NeuroRehabilitation 22, Nr. 2 (29.06.2007): 151–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/nre-2007-22212.

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47

Kim, Han Sun, Jong Won Park, Dai Seg Bai, Jin Young Jeong, Ji Heon Hong, Su Min Son und Sung Ho Jang. „Diffusion tensor imaging findings in neurologically asymptomatic patients with end stage renal disease“. NeuroRehabilitation 29, Nr. 1 (23.08.2011): 111–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/nre-2011-0684.

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48

Koyama, Tetsuo, Kohei Marumoto, Hiroji Miyake, Takehisa Ohmura und Kazuhisa Domen. „Relationship between diffusion-tensor fractional anisotropy and long-term outcome in patients with hemiparesis after intracerebral hemorrhage“. NeuroRehabilitation 32, Nr. 1 (28.02.2013): 87–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/nre-130825.

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49

Baek, Seung Ok, Oh Lyong Kim, Seong Ho Kim, Min Soo Kim, Su Min Son, Yoon Woo Cho, Woo Mok Byun und Sung Ho Jang. „Relation between cingulum injury and cognition in chronic patients with traumatic brain injury; diffusion tensor tractography study“. NeuroRehabilitation 33, Nr. 3 (27.11.2013): 465–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/nre-130979.

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Simon, N. L., R. Sinha, S. Sravanam, R. Mayrand, C. Li, Y. Wan, Y. Wei und S. Price. „P11.24.A The anisotropic component of the decomposed diffusion tensor predicts overall survival in patients with glioblastoma“. Neuro-Oncology 24, Supplement_2 (01.09.2022): ii61—ii62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noac174.213.

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Abstract Background The diffusion tensor can be decomposed into isotropic (DTI-p) and anisotropic (DTI-q) components (Peña et al., 2006). Regions of DTI-q abnormality have a high tumour burden and increased surgical resection of abnormal DTI-q positively correlates with overall survival (OS) (Yan et al., 2017). We aimed to establish if median voxel DTI-q (MVQ) or a distribution measure of DTI-q (DMQ) could act as a neuro-imaging biomarker, to predict OS in patients with glioblastoma. Material and Methods Diffusion tensor decomposition was used to create DTI-p and DTI-q maps, using FSL software (FMRIB Software Library, Oxford). MVQ and DMQ (the 95th centile minus the 5th centile of the DTI-q distribution, divided by the MVQ) were calculated from the preoperative whole brain (WB), contrast-enhancing (CE), and non-contrast-enhancing (NCE) hemisphere DTI-q maps, using fslstats, for 33 patients with glioblastoma. Using R Studio, multiple linear regression (MLR) models were computed to establish if MVQ or DMQ of the WB, CE and NCE hemispheres or age, significantly predicts OS. The Breusch-Pagan Test, on package “lmtest” in R, was calculated for all MLR models, to determine if heteroscedasticity was present and, if so, bootstrapped multiple regression (BMR) models were computed using package “boot” in R. Results Evidence for heteroscedasticity was present in MLRs that modelled the relationship between DMQ of WB, age, and OS (BP = 6.032, p = 0.014) and DMQ of CE hemisphere, age, and OS (BP = 7.163, p = 0.028). In the BMR of WB DMQ, age, and OS, the 95% bias-corrected accelerated confidence intervals (BCa-CI) for the WB DMQ regression coefficient was 133.5 - 1851.4 and included the WB DMQ estimated coefficient of 803.9. The BMR of CE hemisphere DMQ, age, and OS, computed a 95% BCa-CI for the CE hemisphere DMQ coefficient of 101.8 - 1579.6, containing the CE hemisphere DMQ coefficient estimate of 612.414. For both BMRs, the 95% BCa-CI for age coefficients crossed a value of 0. From computed MLR models, WB MVQ (t = -2.569, p = 0.015), CE hemisphere MVQ (t = -2.143, p = 0.040), NCE hemisphere MVQ (t = -2.567, p = 0.015) and NCE hemisphere DMQ (t = 2.39, p = 0.024) were significant predictors of OS. Age did not significantly predict OS in any models and was not significantly related to WB, CE and NCE hemisphere MVQ or DMQ. Conclusion WB, CE and NCE hemisphere MVQ and DMQ predict OS in our tested subgroup of patients with glioblastoma. Age is not a significant predictor of OS and does not significantly correlate with MVQ or DMQ. The median value and distribution spread of DTI-q may act as a prognostic biomarker in glioblastoma, facilitating patient stratification.

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