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Gustafsson, U., und A. Draper. „The social aspects of food and nutrition“. Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics 22, Nr. 2 (April 2009): 87–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-277x.2009.00951.x.
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Uauy, Ricardo. „Defining and addressing the nutritional needs of populations“. Public Health Nutrition 8, Nr. 6a (September 2005): 773–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/phn2005774.
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AbstractObjectiveTo examine the present methods used to define nutritional needs, and to analyse the intrinsic limitations of the reductionist chemical, biological and medical approaches to assess requirements. To establish the necessity to incorporate the complexities emerging from a broader understanding of the biological sciences as well as to include environmental and social dimensions in addressing nutritional needs.MethodExamples of the limitations of current approaches and the implications of these in defining potential solutions and policy options to address present nutritional problems are presented and discussed.ConclusionThe chemical and biological sciences have provided a strong base for nutrition and have been essential in establishing nutrition as a science with public health relevance. However, these approaches are clearly insufficient to address the main challenges that confront nutrition science now in the twenty-first century. There is a pressing need to include the social, economic and human rights aspects in order to define future policies that will secure the right to safe and nutritious food for all.
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Hrubý, J. „Food consumption, its aspects and consequences“. Czech Journal of Food Sciences 18, No. 4 (01.01.2000): 148–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/8334-cjfs.
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Food consumption recording is a social need because the consumption is an indicator of the nutrition status that means the health status, of the population, and an economic factor. Food consumption trends in the nineties are characterized by a steep fall of most kinds of foods, mainly from animal sources. It is not necessary to adjust this fact with respect to recent data of the time series. Four commodities show a positive increase. The trend of food consumption is bound up with more slowly increasing incomes of the population than was the increase in food prices after their liberalization. The consequences of consumption trends do not imply any deterioration of nutrition status because nutrition requirements have been met except calcium and vitamin A supply due to a decrease in milk consumption, and except vitamin C, still a deficient element although its supply has substantially increased. A systematic attention should be focused on the population nutrition through nutrition and food policies.
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AIDA, Jun. „Oral Health and Nutrition: Epidemiology, Clinical, and Social Aspects“. Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology 68, Supplement (30.11.2022): S26—S27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3177/jnsv.68.s26.
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Simanenkov, V. I., S. V. Tikhonov, I. G. Ilyashevich, A. V. Ledovay, V. V. Makiyenko und N. V. Fedorova. „EPIDEMIOLOGY, SOCIAL ASPECTS AND PATHOGENESIS OF OBESITY“. HERALD of North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov 9, Nr. 1 (15.03.2017): 21–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/mechnikov20179121-27.
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The article presents modern data on epidemiology, risk factors, social aspects, etiology, pathogenesis of obesity, particular attention is paid to the influence of maternal nutrition and child in the perinatal period, genetics and epigenetics, microbiome in the pathogenesis of obesity, physiology and pathophysi- ology of adipose tissue
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Fiddes, Nick. „Social aspects of meat eating“. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 53, Nr. 2 (Juli 1994): 271–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/pns19940032.
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Engle, Patrice L., und Henry N. Ricciuti. „Psychosocial Aspects of Care and Nutrition“. Food and Nutrition Bulletin 16, Nr. 4 (Dezember 1995): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/156482659501600410.
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The quality of psychosocial care provided the young child is reflected in the caregiver's responsiveness, warmth and affection, involvement with the child, and encouragement of autonomy and exploration. First, research was examined linking the quality of psychosocial care to a child's development of mental abilities, and to his or her growth and nutrition status. There is considerable correlational evidence and some experimental evidence for this linkage. Second, the barriers to adequate psychosocial care were explored, including maternal beliefs and confidence, stress and depression, social support, and autonomy and control of resources. Third, a number of strategies to enhance psychosocial care as a mechanism for increasing the child's nutrition status are described, at the level of the child, the caregiver, the child-caregiver relationship, and the community. All of the work was interpreted in terms of an interactive or transactional model of child development.
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OʼSullivan Maillet, Julie. „Social and medical aspects of alcohol abuse“. TOPICS IN CLINICAL NUTRITION 3, Nr. 4 (Oktober 1988): 46–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00008486-198810000-00010.
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Pereira, Maria Laura Diniz, Raphaela Carneiro Borsoi da Silva, Caio de Alcântara Ferreira Augusto, Ana Clara Fort, Rodrigo de Morais e. Moura, Priscila Christiane Suzy Liporoni und Rayssa Ferreira Zanatta. „Social, nutritional, and behavioral aspects associated with erosive tooth wear - considerations and preventive aspects“. Research, Society and Development 10, Nr. 1 (18.01.2021): e37310111897. http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i1.11897.
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Erosive tooth wear is a multifactorial condition resulting from the loss of mineralized dental structure by chemical, physical and / or mechanical processes, in the absence of microorganisms (biofilm), being modulated by biological, behavioral and occupational factors. The increase in the prevalence of non-carious tooth wear is mainly related to changes in eating habits, lifestyle and behavior in the last three decades, which has been cause for concern by the dental community. Due to the increase in life expectancy, especially in more developed countries, maintaining oral health is essential to improve quality of life and prevent comorbidities, increase self-esteem, in addition to improving chewing, speech and social life. Currently, the diagnosis of erosive tooth wear is based on clinical aspects of the lesions, however, knowing the factors associated with nutrition, occupation and lifestyle are essential to define the risk and the susceptibility of the patient to the development of lesions and indication of preventive measures and control. In view of the increase in its incidence and prevalence in young adults, the dental surgeon must know about its etiology, prevention, and treatment. Still, public policies focused on this issue need to be created and adopted. Thus, this study describes the main etiological, nutritional, behavioral, and social aspects associated with non-carious tooth wear, offering important information regarding treatment and mainly prevention.
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Konovalova, Lyudmila V., und Elena V. Andrianova. „Social and economic aspects of outsourcing clinical nutrition in healthcare facilities“. Russian Journal of Entrepreneurship 16, Nr. 4 (05.03.2015): 555. http://dx.doi.org/10.18334/rp.16.4.100.
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Lihoreau, Mathieu, Michael A. Charleston, Alistair M. Senior, Fiona J. Clissold, David Raubenheimer, Stephen J. Simpson und Jerome Buhl. „Collective foraging in spatially complex nutritional environments“. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 372, Nr. 1727 (03.07.2017): 20160238. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2016.0238.
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Nutrition impinges on virtually all aspects of an animal's life, including social interactions. Recent advances in nutritional ecology show how social animals often trade-off individual nutrition and group cohesion when foraging in simplified experimental environments. Here, we explore how the spatial structure of the nutritional landscape influences these complex collective foraging dynamics in ecologically realistic environments. We introduce an individual-based model integrating key concepts of nutritional geometry, collective animal behaviour and spatial ecology to study the nutritional behaviour of animal groups in large heterogeneous environments containing foods with different abundance, patchiness and nutritional composition. Simulations show that the spatial distribution of foods constrains the ability of individuals to balance their nutrient intake, the lowest performance being attained in environments with small isolated patches of nutritionally complementary foods. Social interactions improve individual regulatory performances when food is scarce and clumpy, but not when it is abundant and scattered, suggesting that collective foraging is favoured in some environments only. These social effects are further amplified if foragers adopt flexible search strategies based on their individual nutritional state. Our model provides a conceptual and predictive framework for developing new empirically testable hypotheses in the emerging field of social nutrition. This article is part of the themed issue ‘Physiological determinants of social behaviour in animals’.
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Cannon, Geoffrey, und Claus Leitzmann. „The new nutrition science project“. Public Health Nutrition 8, Nr. 6a (September 2005): 673–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/phn2005819.
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AbstractObjectiveTo show that nutrition science, with its application to food and nutrition policy, now needs a new conceptual framework. This will incorporate nutrition in its current definition as principally a biological science, now including nutritional aspects of genomics. It will also create new governing and guiding principles; specify a new definition; and add social and environmental dimensions and domains.MethodA narrative review of nutrition science, its successes and achievements, and its dilemmas, paradoxes, shortcomings, dissonances and challenges. Reference is made to 16 associated papers. Equal use is made of continuous text and of boxed texts that extend the review and give salient examples.ResultsRecent and current interrelated electronic and genomic discoveries and linked sequential demographic, nutritional and epidemiological shifts, in the context of associated and interlinked global social, cultural, environmental, economic, political and other developments, altogether amount to a world in revolution, requiring all disciplines including that of nutrition science to make comparably radical responses.ConclusionNutrition in principle and practice should be a biological and also an environmental and social science. This new broad integrated structure brings much recent and current progressive work into the centre of nutrition science, and in some ways is a renewal of the period when nutrition science had its greatest impact. It amounts to a map charting well-known and also new worlds. The new nutrition science is concerned with personal and population health, and also with planetary health – the welfare and future of the whole physical and living world of which humans are a part. In this way the discipline will make a greater contribution to the preservation, maintenance, development and sustenance of life on Earth, appropriate for the twenty-first century.
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Lupascu-Volentir, Felicia, Gabriela Soric, Ana Popescu und Anatolie Negara. „Aspects of frailty syndrome, nutritional status and comorbidities in the elderly“. Moldovan Medical Journal 64, Nr. 6 (Dezember 2021): 20–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.52418/moldovan-med-j.64-6.21.04.
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Background: Frailty syndrome is one of the most important multifactorial medical syndromes, which is characterized by a decrease in functionality of many systems and organs. Material and methods: In order to establish the nutritional determinants that contribute to the onset of frailty syndrome, a study was performed on a group of 50 patients, aged ≥65 years with chronic pathologies and geriatric syndromes. All participants were examined according to clinical features (history, clinical examination), Mini Nutritional Assessment and of the Complex Geriatric Assessment, which included: the data of the frailty tools, age category, Vulnerable Elders Survey, Charlson Comorbidity Index, autonomy – Activity Daily Living, Instrumental Activity Daily Living, Tinetti scale, psychoaffective status – by memory test Mini-Mental State Examination and the Geriatric Scale of Depression in the context of nutrition in the elderly. A clustered analysis (k-means method) of nutritional status showed that the most relevant indicators that separated the clusters were: age category, gender, clinical scale of frailty, comorbidities and polymedication. Results: Frailty through the multidimensional aspects that it meets has an increased prevalence among the elderly with an unfavorable prognosis. Following the proposed study, it was revealed that insufficient nutrition and comorbidities can lead to the weakening of the institutionalized age. The results obtained by evaluating the bio-psycho-social aspects characterize the profile of the institutionalized elderly and can be used as a basis for the development of effective strategies aimed at reducing physical, cognitive and social frailty. Conclusions: The comparative evaluation between both groups of elderly people by gender, showed a normal nutritional status with a higher share in women in the group of 75-84 years, compared to older men, and malnutrition was practically manifested equally in both groups in the study (men/women)
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Angelova, Natasha Virmozelova. „REVIEW OF THE BOOK “PSYCHO-SOCIAL ASPECTS OF NUTRITION AND EATING DISORDERS” WRITTEN BY TSVETELINA HADZHIEVA“. Psychological Thought 13, Nr. 2 (30.10.2020): 491–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.37708/psyct.v13i2.538.
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This review presents the book “Psycho-social aspects of nutrition and eating disorders,” whose author is Tsvetelina Hadzhieva,Ph.D. The proposed book treats issues related to nutrition and eating disorders and the relationship they have with the culture and society. The review reflects the structure of the book in accordance with the information of each chapter. The review ends with a positive appraisal.
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Koehler, Kathleen M., und Mary B. Harris. „Nutrition Aspects of a Cardiovascular Curriculum in the Southwest“. Health Education 19, Nr. 5 (November 1988): 24–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00970050.1988.10616048.
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Kumari, Mannu, und Aparajita Gupta. „Cultivation of oyster mushroom to combat pandemics: medicinal and social aspects“. Environment Conservation Journal 23, Nr. 3 (19.10.2022): 267–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.36953/ecj.13552398.
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Mushrooms are the spore bearings fruiting bodies that have been used by human being since ancient times for good health. Mushroom is the choicest food of nutrition because it provides important nutrients like proteins, selenium, potassium, riboflavin, Niacin, Vitamin D and more. Oyster mushroom are known for their health benefits. Oyster mushroom protect the heart against cardiovascular diseases, helps in lowering the blood pressure, regulate the cholesterol level, improve immune health and have anti cancer, anti inflammatory and other properties. , Cultivation of oyster mushroom on waste straw not only solve the pollution problem but also improves the economic conditions of farmers.
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Blum, Kenneth, Thomas J. H. Chen, Seth H. Blum, Bernard W. Downs, Eric R. Braverman, Julie F. Mengucci und Brian Meshkin. „Nutrigenomics and pharmacogenomics: a scientific wonderland“. Social Science Information 45, Nr. 1 (März 2006): 35–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0539018406061102.
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English As scientists engaged in understanding the potential of drug/nutrient responses as a function of our genome and all of its ramifications including academic and commercial aspects, our future looks bright. While, however, being cautious about our future especially in terms of regulatory issues, gene-nutrition interactions especially related to genome-based response will indeed be the next cornerstone of solid scientific approaches to assist individuals in choosing dietary supplements, functional foods, and even nutritional beverages on an individualized basis. Nutrigenomics is the key to what we have termed “nutritional gene therapy” and from its origin will spring gene mapping as the wave of the future in nutrition. The information provided in this article will serve as evidence of our conviction of this scientific wonderland of opportunity (see Daniel, 2002). French Dès lors que les scientifiques ont commencé à s'intéresser aux réactions potentielles aux médicaments/aliments en fonction de notre génome ainsi qu'à tous leurs aspects, y compris académiques et commerciaux, notre futur s'éclaire. Tout en restant prudent à l'avenir, en particulier en termes de problèmes de régulation, il est clair que les interactions gènes-nutrition, en particulier celles liées aux réactions en fonction du génome, seront la pierre angulaire d'approches scientifiques solides, qui guideront les individus dans le choix de suppléments nutritionnels, d'une alimentation fonctionnelle, et même de boissons nutritionnelles, de façon individualisée. La "Nutrigénomique'' est la clé de ce que nous appelons la "thérapie génique nutritionnelle'' et placera d'emblée la carte génique au coeur de l'avenir de la nutrition. Cet article présente des données propres à étayer notre conviction de ce "pays des merveilles'' scientifique qui se trouve à notre portée (Daniel, 2002).
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Rogerson, David, Hora Soltani und Robert Copeland. „Undergraduate UK nutrition education might not adequately address weight management“. Public Health Nutrition 19, Nr. 2 (28.05.2015): 371–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980015001305.
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AbstractObjectiveWeight management appears to be multidimensional and complex, and registered nutritionists might work to educate, promote and provide weight-management services to communities, groups and individuals. However, nutrition education might not adequately reflect the weight-management requirements of individuals and groups. The aim of the present study was to investigate if the Association for Nutrition’s undergraduate core competency framework for accredited Nutrition degrees sufficiently reflects the weight-management needs and experiences of individuals.DesignA qualitative investigation, conducted within critical realist ontology, was performed to understand the weight-management experiences of dieters and compare these with the Association for Nutrition’s accreditation criteria for undergraduate Nutrition degrees.SettingFramework analysis was used to identify and explain participants’ experiences thematically and to compare these with the Association for Nutrition’s core competency criteria.SubjectsParticipants (n 8) with weight-loss (n 4) and weight-maintenance experiences (n 4) were interviewed using semi-structured interviews to understand weight management at the agential level.ResultsParticipants described knowledge, exercise, planning, psychological constructs and behaviour-change techniques, determinants of eating and social support as features of weight management. The competency criteria provided clear guidance on all aspects discussed by the group, apart from psychological constructs and behaviour-change techniques and social support.ConclusionsAccredited Nutrition courses might not fully reflect the weight-management needs and experiences of individuals. Nutritionists might require greater knowledge of psychology and behaviour change to better understand and accommodate their clients’ weight-management needs.
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Chiruta, Victor. „A Scientific Critique and Eight-week Case Study Addressing Psychological, Social and Environmental Factors for Healthy Eating by Twice Daily Consumption of a Meal Replacement by APOC“. Journal of Psychology and Behavior Studies 2, Nr. 2 (14.08.2022): 11–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.32996/jpbs.2022.2.2.3.
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Psychological and physical disabilities or impairments create barriers to aspects of healthy eating, thus nutritional needs. A Formulated Meal Replacement (FMR) can reduce those barriers and often can be seen as a necessity in optimising nutritional needs. Healthy eating is interdependent on psychological, social, and environmental factors. In recent years FMRs have become a popular nutrition method to help individuals reach their healthy eating goals. FMRs do solve several problems which may impact healthy eating, such as different social determinants of health, adherence, and permitting some unhealthy behaviours in relation to nutrition, such as more calories available for alcohol or other discretionary nutrition choices. However, FMRs do have a drawback when considering the product serving for different ages, genders, and activity levels. APOC is a nutrition-based company that has developed an FMR. APOC FMR allows easy adherence to self-administration of an appropriate serving for an individual’s age and gender at its simplest form, weight, and activity level at its more complex form. This paper provides two phases. Firstly, discussing the scientific rationale for APOC FMR’s nutrition, including addressing psychological, social, and environmental factors contributing to healthy eating. Secondly, the importance of the FMR for the case study of an individual with a disability. The APOC FMR significantly assisted the individual in healthy eating. It is important to note that the actual reasons that APOC FMR contributes to healthy eating in individuals who have a disability or impairment can be replicated to abled or only slightly limited individuals.
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Biener, Lois, Karen Glanz, Dale McLerran, Glorian Sorensen, Beti Thompson, Karen Basen-Engquist, Laura Linnan und Jill Varnes. „Impact of the Working Well Trial on the Worksite Smoking and Nutrition Environment“. Health Education & Behavior 26, Nr. 4 (August 1999): 478–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/109019819902600407.
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This article reports the effect of a worksite cancer control intervention on aspects of the physical and social environment related to dietary and smoking behaviors of employees. Data are from 111 intervention and control worksites that participated in the Working Well Trial. Employee surveys and interviews with key organizational informants assessed environmental and normative changes relevant to nutrition and tobacco use. Results indicated significant effects of the intervention on all nutrition outcomes: access to healthy food, nutritional information at work, and social norms regarding dietary choice. Significant benefits were not found for smoking norms or smoking policies. However, changes occurred in both the control and intervention sites on these variables. This first large analysis of environmental and normative effects of a worksite intervention is consistent with the employee behavior change findings for the trial and serves as a model for future analyses of multilevel worksite health promotion programs.
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Racine, Eric, Catherine Rodrigue, James L. Bernat, Richard Riopelle und Sam D. Shemie. „Observations on the Ethical and Social Aspects of Disorders of Consciousness“. Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques 37, Nr. 6 (November 2010): 758–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0317167100051416.
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AbstractThe care of chronically unconscious patients raises vexing medical, ethical, and social questions concerning diagnosis, prognosis, communication with family members, and decision making, including the withdrawal of life support. We provide updates on major controversies surrounding disorders of consciousness. Issues such as withdrawal of artificial nutrition and hydration – which had been considered “settled” by many in the medical, legal and ethical communities – have resurfaced under the pressure of social groups and religious authorities. Some assumptions about the level of awareness and the prognosis of vegetative state and minimal conscious patients are questioned by advances in clinical care because of insights produced by neuroscience research techniques, particularly functional neuroimaging. Both the clinical and neuroscience dimensions of disorders of consciousness raise complex issues such as resource allocation and high levels of diagnostic inaccuracies (at least, for the vegetative state). We conclude by highlighting areas needing further research and collaboration.
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Finaret, Amelia B., und William A. Masters. „Beyond Calories: The New Economics of Nutrition“. Annual Review of Resource Economics 11, Nr. 1 (05.10.2019): 237–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-resource-100518-094053.
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The economics of human nutrition has changed greatly in recent years as researchers have moved beyond supply and demand of specific foods and total calories to functional aspects of diet quality, such as nutrient composition, sustainability, and a variety of credence attributes. New kinds of data and methods allow researchers to focus on beneficial or harmful attributes of dietary patterns and the cost-effectiveness of interventions aimed at improving health through diet. This review describes some of the recent literature in nutrition economics and its implications for food policy around the world. The new economics of nutrition is benefiting from a strong foundation in the behavioral and social sciences, building on evidence from the natural and health sciences to address fundamental aspects of human well-being and sustainable development.
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Rusu, Alexandru, Mirana Randriambelonoro, Caroline Perrin, Carlijn Valk, Berta Álvarez und Ann-Kristin Schwarze. „Aspects Influencing Food Intake and Approaches towards Personalising Nutrition in the Elderly“. Journal of Population Ageing 13, Nr. 2 (07.01.2020): 239–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12062-019-09259-1.
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AbstractHealthy diets have been demonstrated to complement benefits of physical activity, physical condition and mental wellbeing, all of them being important factors influencing the quality of life of elderly. Unfortunately malnutrition is a serious threat and an increasingly prevalent condition among the fast-growing elderly population. The present work addresses the identification of important factors contributing to decreased appetite and food intake as well as the development of approaches towards a healthy diet and personalised nutrition in elderly. Within the present study semi-structured interviews with elderly and elderly suffering from swallowing and mastication difficulties have been performed, results being used for the development of food provision modules and the corresponding recipes addressing the nutritional requirements of elderly. The social context and the swallowing and mastication difficulties influence the eating behaviour as well as the motivation to eat. On the other hand, it was found that texture modified foods (food which texture is adapted to the need of people with swallowing and mastication problems) could act as motivational aspect. With regard to food personalisation in the elderly the consideration of three different case scenarios based on individual independency and the degree of oral impairment seemed to be appropriate. Different aspects such as gender weight, physical activity level as well as high protein demand are important influential factors in the development of personalised recipes in elderly. In addition to the above, a conversational agent was developed as behaviour change module and can be successfully used as smart personal assistant in helping the users to understand their eating habits and adopt healthier nutrition over the long term.
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Erjavšek, Martina. „Modern Aspects of Home Economics Education and Slovenia“. Center for Educational Policy Studies Journal 11, Nr. 4 (23.12.2021): 33–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.26529/cepsj.1191.
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Home economics operates in the academic, curriculum and social realms, as well as in everyday life. Due to its multidisciplinarity, it includes and interconnects the contents of different disciplines (e.g., healthy lifestyle, nutrition, dietetics, textiles, home, family, consumption, personal and family economics, design and technology), which are considered in terms of meeting the needs of the individual, family, and society. Home economics education and literacy play an important role in acquiring knowledge and skills that help raise the quality of life of the individual, family, and society. With the development of society, the needs of both the individual and the family are changing; therefore, changes are also needed in home economics education, which is reflected in the updating of the subject curricula. The goals and contents in the curriculum must reflect and meet the needs of the current society and take into account the cultural dependence and social determinism of the home economics field. To a certain extent, the current curriculum of the subject home economics in Slovene elementary schools already includes some content areas that have been recognised as important for meeting the needs of society. These relate to healthy lifestyle, nutrition, health, textiles, consumption, economics, family, environment and sustainable development. Given the perceived needs of society, the use of household appliances, home contents, and first aid should be additionally included in home economics education in Slovenia, and students should be encouraged to develop social and communication skills. It is also necessary to consider the appropriate placement of the subject in the curriculum, as it is necessary to implement home economics education in the entire elementary school education. Doing so will enable the acquisition of knowledge and skills needed in society and, therefore, the appropriate level of home economics literacy of the individual.
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Guroo, Tariq Ahmad. „Health & Nutrition in Primary Schools of Hajin Town of District Bandipora in J & K (A Study)“. Scholedge International Journal of Management & Development ISSN 2394-3378 4, Nr. 7 (09.02.2018): 58. http://dx.doi.org/10.19085/journal.sijmd040701.
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The present research paper is concerned with the health & nutrition in primary school, and throws light on some aspect related with the primary school going students and their health and nutrition’s. The main purpose of this working is to describe the major issues of Health & Nutrition in primary schools and to identify some important challenges for Health & Nutrition in primary institutions in Hajin town of district Bandipora of J & K. The findings of this study show that Health & Nutrition in primary schools of Hajin town continue to remain overwhelmed by ample problems, which affect their performance in the efficient discharge of their growth and qualities which is inimical to their academic achievements. The increased problem of ailments/infections among school children due to poor personal hygiene practices and malnutrition conditions remains a concern on the public health agenda in Kashmir. Health is a key factor in school entry. School is the place where health education regarding important aspects of hygiene, environment and nutrition, as well as social customs, is being instructed. The teacher is the guardian as well as Spiritual parent of the child in school and plays a crucial role in the whole process of primordial prevention. Poor knowledge and practice of and attitudes towards personal hygiene and nutrition plays a major roles in the high occurrence of stagnation on development and growth, therefore has negative consequences for a child’s long term overall development School Achievements as well.
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Znilkubaeva, Amantai Sh. „Symbolic Aspects of Nutrition Vocabulary in the Turkic Languages“. Humanitarian Vector 16, Nr. 1 (Februar 2021): 111–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.21209/1996-7853-2021-16-1-111-117.
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The article uses a lot of factual material to reveal the role of ethnographisms associated with cooking during the most significant moments of human life: birth, wedding, burial. The connection of symbolism with ritual is revealed.The purpose of the article is based on the specifics of the work caused by the need for a linguoculturological description of the vocabulary of nutrition, the definition of extralinguistic factors (customs, traditions and religious beliefs) in the formation, development and functioning, as well as the disclosure of the symbolic essence of this LSH.The relevance of the article is determined by the need for linguistic and cultural understanding of the food vocabulary, which is widely reflected in paremia, concepts, phraseological units, and customs as the most stable lexical and semantic categories of the Turkic languages (more than 2 000 lexical and phraseological units).The material of the study was the vocabulary of nutrition of the Turkic languages. The main methods used in the work are descriptive, comparative, and interpretive.The reception and serving of food among the Turkic peoples and their reflection in customs and traditions are symbolic relations between people connected by social, gender, and age relations. For example, the symbolism of food associated with the birth of a child has its roots in the distant past of the Turkic people and means a sacrifice for the successful birth of a woman. These rituals include: preparing special meals to speed childbirth: Garissa (lit. Competition with the cauldron, where food is cooked), preparing special dishes: sut burysh, IIT mun, burial of the bones of a 「am slaughtered for a woman in labor, gnawing the neck vertebrae of a ram without a knife, burning meat, etc. These traditions are a symbol of introducing the baby to a new life denoting the appearance of a new person. As a result of the analysis of this thematic group, it was revealed that traditional household rituals are the most stable basis of the ethnic spiritual culture of the Turkic peoples, many symbolic actions related to food are common, which once again confirms the hypothesis of genetic kinship of these peoples.The concept of linguoculturological research of customs and traditions as one of the current trends in linguistics opens up new aspects of the relationship and connection of language and spiritual culture, language and folk mentality, language and folk art. In the conceptual picture of the world and the national - cultural context, the question of the place and role of the studied LSH is very significant.The scientific novelty of the research consists in the linguistic and cultural understanding of one of the traditionally established and most stable lexical and semantic categories of the Turkic languages - the vocabulary of nutrition. Such studies in modern linguistics have not been sofer conducted. Keywords: food vocabulary, symbols, ritual, linguoculturology, ethnographism, customs, traditions, conceptual picture of the world
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Raghoebar, Sanne, Sofie van Rongen, Rico Lie und Emely de Vet. „Identifying social norms in physical aspects of food environments: A photo study“. Appetite 143 (Dezember 2019): 104414. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2019.104414.
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Mutelo, C., V. Nyau, B. Choobe, P. Marinda und T. Hachibamba. „Indigenous Knowledge on Utilization Aspects of Selected Edible Wild Fruits from Zambia“. Journal of Food Research 12, Nr. 1 (21.12.2022): 48. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jfr.v12n1p48.
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In recent years, the potential role of edible wild fruits has been recognized in the reduction of poverty and improving human health and nutrition. Edible wild fruits are an important source of household food security for the poor in both rural and urban communities. Edible wild fruits tend to be overlooked by policy-makers despite their significant contribution to food security, nutrition and health. The aim of this study was to establish indigenous knowledge on utilization aspects of selected edible wild fruits Masuku (Uapaca kirkiana), Impundu (Parinari curatellifolia), Intungulu (Afromomum africanum) and Imfungo (Anisophyllea Boehimii). A survey was used to establish indigenous knowledge based on utilization, nutritional and food safety aspects of the selected fruits. Detailed questionnaires and focused group discussions were used to collect data on these aspects. Data from the survey were analysed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS version 22). The findings from this study revealed that Masuku, Impundu, Intungulu and Imfungo are mainly consumed unprocessed. The reasons for consuming these fruits include satisfying hunger, snacking, sweetness, and sour taste. Processing of products such as jams, juices and fermented beverages was reported in isolated cases. The wild fruits under investigation were reported to have medicinal uses that included blocking diarrhoea, boosting the immune system, increasing blood levels and boosting appetite of the sick. Food safety concerns were reported for Intungulu and Masuku when consumed in excess. The Intungulu fruit was reported to cause stomach pain due to its high acidic nature while its seeds cause intestinal obstruction when consumed in excess. Excessive consumption of Masuku fruit was reported to cause stomach bloating and sores on the upper pallet of the mouth. Indigenous knowledge revealed valuable data on utilization, nutritional, medicinal and food safety aspects of the fruits.
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Hammersley, Richard, Marie Reid und Stephen L. Atkin. „How to measure mood in nutrition research“. Nutrition Research Reviews 27, Nr. 2 (Dezember 2014): 284–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954422414000201.
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Mood is widely assessed in nutrition research, usually with rating scales. A core assumption is that positive mood reinforces ingestion, so it is important to measure mood well. Four relevant theoretical issues are reviewed: (i) the distinction between protracted and transient mood; (ii) the distinction between mood and emotion; (iii) the phenomenology of mood as an unstable tint to consciousness rather than a distinct state of consciousness; (iv) moods can be caused by social and cognitive processes as well as physiological ones. Consequently, mood is difficult to measure and mood rating is easily influenced by non-nutritive aspects of feeding, the psychological, social and physical environment where feeding occurs, and the nature of the rating system employed. Some of the difficulties are illustrated by reviewing experiments looking at the impact of food on mood. The mood-rating systems in common use in nutrition research are then reviewed, the requirements of a better mood-rating system are described, and guidelines are provided for a considered choice of mood-rating system including that assessment should: have two main dimensions; be brief; balance simplicity and comprehensiveness; be easy to use repeatedly. Also mood should be assessed only under conditions where cognitive biases have been considered and controlled.
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Shannon, Thomas A., James J. Walter, William E. May, Edward J. Furton, Shannon, Walter, Repenshek und Slosar. „Nutrition and Hydration“. Hastings Center Report 35, Nr. 3 (Mai 2005): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3528790.
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Sheykhi, Mohammad. „Aging and Social Gerontology vs Social Accounting in Developing Countries“. Neuroscience and Neurological Surgery 6, Nr. 1 (30.01.2020): 01–03. http://dx.doi.org/10.31579/2578-8868/105.
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Though aging is a gift in general, it may be a hard time for many in developing countries in particular. Aging may be defined as the combination of biological, social and psychological processes that affect people as they grow older. The first refers to the physical body, the second refers to cultural values, norms and role expectations that change with age, and the third refers to the change in one's emotional, cognitive and mental capabilities. Science, modern technologies, improved agriculture, sanitation, medicaments, improved nutrition and many more developments have brought about aging increase and declining mortality. Social aspects of aging or social gerontology as a new phenomenon needs to be taken into account through social accounting. As rapid changes are emerging in population structure in modern times, social accountants need to study and project different emerging changes of population including aging and gerontology. While aging is affected by the quality of the society, it affects society too. Such a phenomenon is currently appearing in the developing world. Similarly, aging people find a different psychology and lifestyle contradicting their younger ages. Such a dramatic change needs more applicable inspection including geriatrics and social accounting. However, complications in elderly life is ever appearing and increasing. Method of research used in the present paper is mainly based on a qualitative approach. Various subtitles discussed in the present paper, result from aging, or influence aging phenomenon. The paper concludes that social accounting widely affects healthy aging.
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von Koerber, Karl, Nadine Bader und Claus Leitzmann. „Wholesome Nutrition: an example for a sustainable diet“. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 76, Nr. 1 (09.08.2016): 34–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0029665116000616.
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‘Wholesome Nutrition’ is a concept of sustainable nutrition that was developed at the University of Giessen in the 1980s. In this concept, health and the ecologic, economic, social and cultural dimensions of nutrition are equally important. In 1992 at the UN-Conference on Environment and Development in Rio de Janeiro the definition of ‘Sustainable Development’ comprised the dimensions environment, economy and society. Additionally to these three ‘classical’ dimensions of sustainability, we included ‘health’ as the fourth dimension because nutrition has far reaching effects on human health. The fifth dimension, ‘culture’, became part of the sustainability dialogue since many years; the respective cultural background influences food habits. Presently, mankind has to cope with huge global challenges such as poverty and food insecurity in low-income countries as well as climate change. Therefore the objective is to identify prospects for actions to respond to these global challenges. The concept of ‘Sustainable Nutrition’ analyses the food supply chain at all stages from input-production and primary production to processing, distribution, preparation, consumption and waste disposal. The present analysis leads to the following seven principles: preference of plant-based foods, organic foods, regional and seasonal products, preference of minimally processed foods, Fair Trade products, resource-saving housekeeping and enjoyable eating culture. This concept is based on holistic thinking and has the potential to reduce the global challenges in the field of nutrition. Scientists, stakeholders, multipliers and consumers are asked to consider environmental, economic, social and cultural aspects in addition to the biological (health) aspects.
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Головацкий, Евгений, und Eugene Golovatsky. „SOCIOLOGY OF FOOD: «ETERNAL» PROBLEM BETWEEN TRADITION AND TRANSITIVITY. Book Review: Kravchenko S. A., Zarubina N. N., Noskova A. V., Karpova D. N., Goloukhova D. V. Sociology of Nutrition: Traditions and Transformations. Moscow: MGIMO-University, 2017. 302 p.“ Bulletin of Kemerovo State University. Series: Political, Sociological and Economic sciences 2017, Nr. 1 (25.03.2017): 77–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.21603/2500-3372-2017-1-77-80.
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The collective monograph «Sociology of Nutrition: Traditions and Transformations» is reviewed under the general editorship of N. N. Zarubina and S. A. Kravchenko. The work raises relevant and socially significant problems and prospects for the development of an interesting sociological trend – the sociology of nutrition. In the system of the consumer society, food industry has recently undergone significant transformations associated with risks, vulnerabilities, and new public expectations. The authors of the collective monograph cover a specific sphere of social relations as a cohesive whole, considering a bunch of traditional and alternative social nutrition practices, taking into account the Russian specifics. The monograph notes the resource nature of the «food addiction» of modern society in the socio-economic, political (global), as well as informational and communicative aspects of the development of modern society. Nutrition, being an integral part of the system of social relations, is subject to modern challenges and vulnerabilities of our world. Finally, the authors offer some perspective «menu» for the development of nutrition practices in modern Russia.
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Romeo, Javier, Julia Wärnberg und Ascensión Marcos. „Drinking pattern and socio-cultural aspects on immune response: an overview“. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 69, Nr. 3 (02.07.2010): 341–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0029665110001904.
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Social acceptance of drinking involves social and cultural roles and has important implications for public health. Since extensive evidence indicates that alcohol possesses immunomodulatory properties, scientists have recently debated the influence of alcohol consumption on the immune response, particularly in countries where drinking in a social setting is a part of cultural identity. Experimental and clinical data support the conclusion that alcohol is a potent immunomodulator. While high alcohol consumption suppresses a wide range of immune responses, leading to an increased incidence of a number of infectious diseases, moderate alcohol consumption may have a beneficial impact on the immune system, compared to alcohol abuse or abstinence, most likely due to the multiple components of polyphenol-rich alcoholic contributing to the protective effect seen for moderate alcohol consumption on CVD and the immune system. Despite this, the scientific literature appears to be concerned about the diseases associated with excessive drinking in some societies and cultures. Thus, the present review recognizes the importance to consider social and cultural aspects of drinking when examining the whole dimension of alcohol consumption (amount, beverage type, frequency and variability), in order to estimate global risk of consequences on host defence to better understand alcohol-related harm or benefit.
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Szpakow, Andrzej. „Facultative subject for students of the Faculty of Physical Education: “The basis of nutrition in sport”“. Medical Science Pulse 14, SUPPLEMENT 1 (26.06.2013): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.6945.
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The period of studying at a higher school is the time of creating new behavioral patterns. Separation from parents and the infuence of a new social environment both contribute to the changes in our behavior including our nutritional habits. Five-year experience of conducting the authorial facultative subject entitled ‘The basis of nutrition in sport’ has shown its efectiveness in creating proper diets in sport. The aim of the subject, introduced during the fnal year at the Faculty of Physical Education, is to teach about proper and balanced diets and using this knowledge in order to prevent diferent body dysfunctions. It is also to teach how to work out a suitable and adequate nutritional program for a sportsman for a particular period of training or during the competitions or regeneration. Students who decide to choose the subject (usually it is the majority of groups) acquire the abilities necessary in practice and the ones which refer to solving various aspects of modern attitudes towards nutrition in sport. Each student prepares his/her own individual evaluation of the condition of nutrition on the educational platform named ‘Moodle” (e-learning). An original educational and verifying computer program is being used which is based on the students’ individual work. Their knowledge on the principles of proper nutrition is evaluated and corrected.
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Ferreira, Francisco Romão, Shirley Donizete Prado, Maria Claudia da Veiga Soares Carvalho und Fabiana Bom Kraemer. „Biopower and biopolitics in the field of Food and Nutrition“. Revista de Nutrição 28, Nr. 1 (Februar 2015): 109–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1415-52732015000100010.
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A conceptual discussion on the discourses of the social actors in the field of Food and Nutrition is proposed, presenting the existing conflicts, discursive strategies and struggles for academic legitimacy. The line of argumentation follows the biopower concept developed by Michel Foucault, who presents medicine as a knowledge-power focused at the same time on the body and the population, the human body and the biological processes, producing disciplinary results and widespread regulatory effects on society. Based on this concept it is argued that the discourses produced in the field put hegemonic and counter-hegemonic interests in confrontation, political disputes disguised by "abstract" epistemological discussions, strategies to lure consumers, life standardization and medicalization. Such discourses translate instances of power in dispute, economic interests, structural conflicts, political impasses. New elements are presented for the production of knowledge for professionals of Nutrition and for the perception of the feeding act beyond the nutritional, biological, biomedical and epistemological parameters, which in essence are clearly political once they convey tensions between the conceptual structures that also operate in the interior of the field. It is assumed that there is no such health or nutrition as abstract, neutral fields, detached from reality; such dimensions are part of the material, concrete life and carry symbolic, cultural and subjective values. Considering only the nutritional aspects of nutrition is to impoverish and weaken it, and the discussion that seems to be "merely conceptual" brings to light important issues that the professionals in the field of Food and Nutrition should address.
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Sadeghi-Ghotbabadi, Farzaneh, Elham Shakibazadeh, Nasrin Omidvar, Fathieh Mortazavi und Fariba Kolahdooz. „Consensus development on the essential competencies for Iranian public health nutritionists“. Public Health Nutrition 18, Nr. 4 (27.05.2014): 752–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980014000895.
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AbstractObjectiveTo assess key experts’ opinion regarding essential competencies required for effective public health nutrition practice within the health-care system of Iran.DesignQualitative study using the modified Delphi technique through an email-delivered questionnaire.SettingIran.SubjectsFifty-five experts were contacted through email. The inclusion criterion for the study panel was being in a relevant senior-level position in nutrition science or public health nutrition in Iran.ResultsIn the first round, forty-two out of fifty-five experts responded to the questionnaire (response rate=76 %). A sixty-five-item questionnaire was designed with nine competency areas, including ‘nutrition science’, ‘planning and implementing nutritional interventions’, ‘health and nutrition services’, ‘advocacy and communication’, ‘assessment and analysis’, ‘evaluation’, ‘cultural, social and political aspects’, ‘using technology’ and ‘leadership and management’. All experts who had participated in the first round completed a modified version of the questionnaire with seventy-seven items in the second round. The experts scored ‘nutrition science’ as the most essential competency area, while more applied areas such as ‘management and leadership’ were less emphasized. In both rounds, the mean difference between the opinions of the necessity of each area was 5·6 %.ConclusionsThe Iranian experts had general agreement on most of the core competency areas of public health nutritionists. The results indicated the need for capacity building and revisions to educational curricula for public health nutritionist programmes, with more emphasis on skill-based competency development.
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Chandra, Bastian Rahmadi, Rudi Saprudin Darwis und Sahadi Humaedi. „PERAN PEMBERDAYAAN KESEJAHTERAAN KELUARGA (PKK) DALAM PENCEGAHAN STUNTING“. Focus : Jurnal Pekerjaan Sosial 4, Nr. 2 (01.02.2022): 107. http://dx.doi.org/10.24198/focus.v4i2.35060.
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Balita stunting dipahami sebagai balita yang mengalami permasalahan kondisi gizi kronis, kondisi tersebut dipengaruhi oleh banyak faktor yang meliputi keadaan sosial dan perekonomian orang tua, asupan nutrisi atau gizi saat masa kehamilan, riwayat penyakit yang dialami bayi, dan kurangnya nutrisi atau gizi pada bayi serta pola asuh yang tidak sesuai dengan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan anak, terlebih pada masa 1.000 HPK. Dalam jangka pendek akan berdampak pada terpengaruhinya beberapa aspek seperti aspek kognitif, aspek motorik, dan aspek verbal yang mengalami hambatan. Dalam jangka yang panjang stunting menyebabkan kondisi perawakan pada balita kurang proporsional pada usia remaja menuju dewasa. Stunting juga meningkatkan resiko obesitas di masa yang akan mendatang. Stunting juga berdampak pada kesehatan reproduksi yang menurun. Anak stunting juga memiliki penurunan kapasitas belajar, sehingga performa dan produktivitasnya di sekolah akan berkurang dan tidak optimal. Pelaksanaan intervensi sensitive dilakukan lebih berfokus pada penanganan faktor-faktor yang secara tidak langsung mempengaruhi kondisi asupan gizi yang menyumbang terjadinya stunting. Intervensi gizi sensitif memiliki sumbangsih yang signifikan yaitu sebesar 70 % dalam upaya pencegahan terjadinya stunting meskipun secara tidak langsung. Pemberdayaan kesejahteraan keluarga (PKK) berperan sebagai agen perubahan untuk melaksanakan pemberdayaan masyarakat agar tujuan pembangunan kesehatan dapat tercapai. Tujuan tersebut ialah untuk meningkatkan kesadaran masyarakat tentang issue stunting dan menangani kasus stunting dengan pelaksanaan pemberdayaan masyarakat oleh kelompok pemberdayaan kesejahteraan keluarga (PKK). Stunting toddlers are understood as toddlers who experience problems with chronic nutritional conditions, these conditions are influenced by many factors including the social and economic conditions of parents, nutritional intake or nutrition during pregnancy, history of illness experienced by infants, and lack of nutrition or nutrition in infants and patterns of nutrition. parenting that is not in accordance with the growth and development of children, especially during the 1,000 HPK period. In the short term, it will affect several aspects such as cognitive aspects, motor aspects, and verbal aspects that experience obstacles. In the long term, stunting causes stature conditions in toddlers to be less proportional from adolescence to adulthood. Stunting also increases the risk of obesity in the future. Stunting also has an impact on declining reproductive health. Stunting children also have a decreased learning capacity, so their performance and productivity in school will be reduced and not optimal. The implementation of sensitive interventions is carried out more focused on handling factors that indirectly affect the condition of nutritional intake that contributes to stunting. The sensitive nutrition intervention has a significant contribution of 70% in preventing stunting even though it is indirectly. Family Welfare Empowerment (PKK) acts as an agent of change to implement community empowerment so that health development goals can be achieved. The aim is to increase public awareness about the stunting issue and handle stunting cases by implementing community empowerment by the Family Welfare Empowerment Group (PKK).
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Awasthi, Purnima, Ramesh C. Mishra und S. K. Singh. „Health-promoting Lifestyle, Illness Control Beliefs and Well-being of the Obese Diabetic Women“. Psychology and Developing Societies 30, Nr. 2 (15.07.2018): 175–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0971333618783395.
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The study examines the role of health-promoting lifestyle and illness control beliefs in well-being of obese diabetic women. Measures of illness control belief, health-promoting lifestyle and obesity-related well-being were given to 100 obese diabetic women selected from outdoors of hospitals in Varanasi. Analysis revealed patients’ stronger belief in ‘doctor-control’ and ‘supernatural-control’ than ‘self-control’ of the disease. Nutrition, interpersonal relations, physical activity and stress management were given more importance in health promotion than spiritual growth-related practices. Belief in ‘self-control’ and ‘doctor-control’ of disease was negatively correlated with ‘psychosocial discomfort’, ‘physical discomfort’ and ‘psychosocial impact’ aspects of obesity, whereas ‘supernatural-control’ showed positive relationship with all aspects. All components of ‘health-promoting lifestyle’ were negatively correlated with ‘physical discomfort’, ‘psychosocial discomfort’ and ‘psychosocial impact’ aspects of obesity. Multiple regression analysis brought out ‘self-control’, ‘supernatural-control’, ‘health responsibility’, ‘physical activity’ and ‘stress management’ as significant predictors of ‘well-being’ of the obese diabetic women.
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Ilicheva, Irina M., und E. N. Belous. „PECULIARITIES OF NUTRITION OF MODERN STUDENTS: PSYCHOSOCIAL ASPECT“. Hygiene and sanitation 97, Nr. 4 (15.04.2018): 362–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.18821/0016-9900-2018-97-4-362-366.
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The article “The peculiarities of students nutrition; psychosocial aspect” by I.M. Ilyicheva and E.N. Belous substantiates the actuality of the investigation of the nutrition of modern students from the point of view of the state strategic resource and upbringing tradition. Social, medical and biological and psycho-hygienic aspects are also discussed. In the introduction, there is considered the importance of the personal stability, responsibility, identity, spiritual and will development as the most important factors of healthy nutrition. The investigation is aimed to make a comparative analysis of the data concerning real nutrition of full-term student in 2009 and 2016. The investigation was performed at the base of the State Social Humanitarian University (Kolomna). In methods of the study, there were briefly described 3 stages: 1) the collection of information about the nutrition of students in 2009 at the base of the “Diary of nutrition” questionnaire, repeated data collection for the same category of subjects in 2016 and a stage of comparative analysis of the information received. The procedure for comparing the data included obtaining 1) general information describing the sample, 2) the number of meals per day, 3) the dominant food products, 4) the subjective assessment of one’s own health, 5)the usefulness and inadequacy of meals, 6) the time (part of the day) of full-fledged meal; The pattern of the comparison is the following: general score of subjects, the number of meals a day, the main products, the subjective value of health, the fullness of the menu, the time of eating. In results, there is noted, that the majority of students eats 4 times a day, about 30 percent have 3 meals a day and no one has more than 5 and less than 2 meals a day. 21 percent have a complete meal, but the rate of such students decreased to 13 percent in 2016. The number of students with a full meal increased in 2016. But they eat in the evening as a rule. The majority of students have snack twice a day in 2016.
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Eglseer, Doris, Ruth Poglitsch und Regina Elisabeth Roller-Wirnsberger. „Muscle power and nutrition“. Zeitschrift für Gerontologie und Geriatrie 49, Nr. 2 (18.12.2015): 115–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00391-015-1008-7.
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Grinevich, V. B., E. I. Sas, Yu A. Kravchuk und O. I. Efimov. „Abdominal obesity: clinical and social aspects of the problem“. Obesity and metabolism 9, Nr. 2 (15.06.2012): 28–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.14341/omet2012228-32.
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Mascie-Taylor, C. G. N. „Endemic disease, nutrition and fertility in developing countries“. Journal of Biosocial Science 24, Nr. 3 (Juli 1992): 355–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002193200001991x.
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The two main ways in which disease and nutrition can influence fertility are by reducing fecundity or by extending the birth interval. Fecundity refers to reproductive ability, that is the potential to breed, as compared to fertility which denotes actual childbearing (McFalls & McFalls, 1984). Reduced fecundity, which is usually referred to as subfecundity, results from impairment of any of the biological aspects of reproduction, including coital inability, conceptive failure as well as pregnancy loss. Subfecundity is only one factor operating to reduce fertility; other factors include those governing mate exposure (both formation and dissolution of unions as well as exposure to intercourse within unions) and birth control.
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Mastronuzzi, Tecla, und Ignazio Grattagliano. „Nutrition as a Health Determinant in Elderly Patients“. Current Medicinal Chemistry 26, Nr. 19 (12.09.2019): 3652–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867324666170523125806.
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Background: An adequate caloric intake is a major determinant for the health status especially when degenerative conditions become a predominant risk for difficult-to-treat diseases as in aging. Methods: A structured search of literature on the major databases was performed using terms as nutrition, elderly and malnutrition. Results: According to most referenced articles, it appears to be unquestionable that both organic and social risk factors [economic hardship, loneliness, institutionalization] are important as determining causes of protein-caloric malnutrition. Some anthropometric, clinical and laboratory parameters can help to make diagnosis and quantify malnutrition. However, most of them are not cheap or are not simple to perform especially in the setting of General Practice. The application of a simple questionnaire [Mini Nutritional Assessment, MNA] allows to obtain in a fast, easy and non-invasive way a valid assessment of the nutritional status in geriatric patients. The maintenance of the nutritional status is the best measure to counteract the risk of proteincaloric malnutrition and its complications which often sneakily affects elderly population and in particular frail patients. Conclusion: This review, based on updated concepts, examines all the above mentioned points together with some aspects associated with malnutrition as an indicator of disease severity and health costs in the elderly population. Finally, the impact of nutritional intervention and nutrients supplementation on general indices of malnutrition are discussed as a promising strategy.
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El-Sabban, Farouk, Fay Al-Dousari, Shahad Al-Otaibi, Dalal Ali und Farhia A. Mohammad. „Status of Nutrition and Health of the Elderly in Kuwait - A Pilot Study“. Nutrition and Food Processing 5, Nr. 3 (28.05.2022): 01–06. http://dx.doi.org/10.31579/2637-8914/091.
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With advances in medicine and medical care, the life span of the elderly population is becoming longer and represents a considerable percentage of society. Therefore, nutrition, lifestyle, and general health of the elderly gained more attention in recent years. However, there have not been published reports on the nutrition and health of the elderly in Kuwait. Thus, this cross-sectional study aims to assess the nutrition and health status of a sample of the elderly in Kuwait. A simple questionnaire was designed and distributed among 149 Kuwaiti and non-Kuwaiti elderly of both genders at various locations. Obtained data were analyzed using the software Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS- V.19). Findings of this study showed that the range for age of participants was 60-85 years, 96% lived with family and consumed homemade meals, about 70% ate three meals/day, and 70% were overweight (41%) and obese (29%). Diabetes and hypertension were most prevalent among participants, and only 40% followed a dietary program for their health problems. Therefore, the overall nutritional status of the elderly in Kuwait seems adequate. We conclude that interest in the nutrition of the elderly should take individuality into account. In addition, the elderly who are diseased and socially disadvantaged should be given more care, whether from a general health or nutritional perspective. Additionally, we recommend that further large-scale studies ought to be carried out that would reveal various aspects of care for the elderly and help in drawing appropriate strategies in this regard.
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Pettigrew, Simone, Nicole Biagioni, Sarah Moore und Iain S. Pratt. „Whetting disadvantaged adults’ appetite for nutrition education“. Public Health Nutrition 20, Nr. 14 (19.09.2016): 2629–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980016002512.
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Abstract Objective To identify the features of a nutrition education programme for disadvantaged adults deemed most attractive and useful by participants. Design A two-year, multi-method, qualitative evaluation of pre and post data collected from programme participants. Data were imported into NVivo10 for coding to facilitate a thematic analysis. Setting Western Australia. Participants Individuals attending the Western Australian FOODcents nutrition education programme that is designed to provide knowledge and skills needed to consume a healthy diet on a budget. Focus groups were conducted several weeks after course completion (five groups, forty-seven participants), observations were conducted during FOODcents sessions (thirty-one observation episodes, 237 participants), and open-ended questions were asked in pre–post hard-copy surveys administered in sessions (n 927) and an online survey administered on average six weeks after course completion (n 114). Results The course attributes that were found to be especially important to participants were: (i) user-friendly, practical information that could be immediately translated to their daily lives; (ii) experiential learning that involved direct contact with food products; and (iii) opportunities for social interaction. These aspects of nutrition education were described as being highly influential in the decision to participate in the course, the application of the information in their subsequent food purchase and preparation activities, and their word-of-mouth communications with others about the course. Conclusions Incorporating aspects of most importance to participants into nutrition education programme delivery and promotion may increase joining rates, enjoyment, satisfaction with course content and, ultimately, the uptake of recommended behaviours.
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Qaim, Matin. „Globalisation of agrifood systems and sustainable nutrition“. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 76, Nr. 1 (15.06.2016): 12–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0029665116000598.
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The globalisation of agrifood systems is a mega-trend with potentially profound nutritional implications. This paper describes various facets of this globalisation process and reviews studies on nutritional effects with a particular focus on developing countries. Results show that global trade and technological change in agriculture have substantially improved food security in recent decades, although intensified production systems have also contributed to environmental problems in some regions. New agricultural technologies and policies need to place more emphasis on promoting dietary diversity and reducing environmental externalities. Globalising agrifood systems also involve changing supply-chain structures, with a rapid rise of modern retailing, new food safety and food quality standards, and higher levels of vertical integration. Studies show that emerging high-value supply chains can contribute to income growth in the small farm sector and improved access to food for rural and urban populations. However, there is also evidence that the retail revolution in developing countries, with its growing role of supermarkets and processed foods, can contribute to overweight and obesity among consumers. The multi-faceted linkages between changing agrifood systems and nutrition are a new field of interdisciplinary research, combining agricultural, nutritional, economics and social sciences perspectives. The number of studies on specific aspects is still limited, so the evidence is not yet conclusive. A review at this early stage can help to better understand important relationships and encourage follow-up work.
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Parker, Barbara, und Mario Koeppel. „Beyond Health & Nutrition: Re-framing school food programs through integrated food pedagogies“. Canadian Food Studies / La Revue canadienne des études sur l'alimentation 7, Nr. 2 (16.11.2020): 48–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.15353/cfs-rcea.v7i2.371.
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In this paper, we present findings from a community-based research project on school food environments in 50 elementary and high schools in a mid-sized city in Ontario, Canada. Our findings highlight that schools' privilege five intersecting domains in the school food environment: 1) health and nutrition; 2) food access; 3) education and food literacy; 4) environment and sustainability; and 5) the socio-cultural aspects of food. These results illustrate that the dominant discourses about school food mainly revolve around health, nutrition and food access, yet many of the K-12 principals also identified food literacy and learning about sustainable food systems and the environment, in addition to the relational or socio-cultural aspects of foods as important elements of their school food environments. This integrative approach to food extends our understanding of food beyond charity, and opens up conversations about food as a human right. Ouranalysis shows the need to go beyond a health or nutrition school food program and consider integrative food pedagogies which will promote social and environmental food justice in the school food environment.
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Nobre, Érica Bezerra, Alexandra Valéria Maria Brentani und Alexandre Archanjo Ferraro. „Association between maternal lifestyle and preschool nutrition“. Revista da Associação Médica Brasileira 62, Nr. 6 (September 2016): 494–505. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1806-9282.62.06.494.
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Summary Introduction: Many of the health behaviors involved in the emergence of chronic non-communicable diseases (CNCD) are originated in childhood under parental influence. Mothers are the ones most involved in the education and health care of children. Lifestyle (LS) is a social determinant of health. Very few studies tried to understand the influence of maternal LS on child nutrition. Objective: To verify the association between maternal behavioral and non-behavioral LS and nutritional aspects in preschool children. Method: From January 2010 to December 2010, we performed a cross-sectional study with 255 mothers of preschool children who were residents of five different sub-districts in southwestern São Paulo. A proportional stratified random sample was selected using two layers (“schools” and “children”). From the mother, sociodemographic and LS information were collected. From the child, data on anthropometry, sedentary behavior and food intake were collected. The association was calculated using chi-square test and logistic regression. Results: Children who ate minimally processed food were born from mothers with more socially aware non-behavioral LS, while children that ate more processed food were born from mothers with more consumerist non-behavioral LS. No association was found between nutritional characteristics of preschoolers and types of maternal behavioral LS. Children presenting “sedentary behavior” and the habit of eating “ultra-processed foods” had 113% and 84% higher chances, respectively, of being born to mothers that belonged to the “consumerist” cluster. Conclusion: Mothers living a consumerist lifestyle can promote negative influences on child nutrition.
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Bahr, Diane, und Nina Johanson. „A Family-Centered Approach to Feeding Disorders in Children (Birth to 5-Years)“. Perspectives on Swallowing and Swallowing Disorders (Dysphagia) 22, Nr. 4 (Dezember 2013): 161–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/sasd22.4.161.
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Good feeding development and nutrition are necessary for a positive quality of life. Part I of this article discusses the value of tracking and facilitating early feeding development. Part II covers the many complex social-emotional aspects of feeding. Numerous suggestions for effectively working with parents and caregivers in a family-centered feeding approach are found within this article.