Bücher: „Normative methodology“

1

Zenon, Bankowski, Hrsg. Law as institutional normative order. Farnham, Surrey, England: Ashgate Pub., 2009.

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2

Artosi, Alberto. Studies on normative reasoning: Logical and philosophical perspectives. Bologna: CLUEB, 2000.

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3

Winter, Steven L. Contingency and community in normative practice. [Toronto, Ont.]: Faculty of Law, University of Toronto, 1990.

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4

Soeteman, Arend. Logic in law: Remarks on logic and rationality in normative reasoning, especially in law. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1989.

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5

Frost, Mervyn. Towards a normative theory of international relations: A critical analysis of the philosophical and methodological assumptions in the discipline with proposals towards a substantive normative theory. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1986.

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6

Towards a normative theory of international relations: A critical analysis of the philosophical and methodological assumptions in the discipline with proposals towards a substantive normative theory. Cambridge [Cambridgeshire]: Cambridge University Press, 1986.

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7

The normative basis of culture: A philosophical inquiry. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1986.

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8

Principles and methods of law and economics: Basic tools for normative reasoning. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2005.

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9

Ruiz, Miguel López. Redacción de textos normativos. México: Porrúa, 2010.

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10

Normativno-pravovoe predpisanie: Priroda, tipologii︠a︡, tekhniko-i︠u︡ridicheskoe oformlenie. Sankt-Peterburg: Izdatelʹstvo R. Aslanova "I︠U︡ridicheskiĭ t︠s︡entr Press", 2009.

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11

Pedrazza, Monica. La complessità nei sistemi normativi sociali: Aspetti strutturali e dinamici. Verona: Libreria universitaria, 1986.

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12

Clam, Jean. Norme, fait, fluctuation: Contributions à une analyse des choix normatifs. Geneve: Droz, 2001.

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13

Der konzeptionelle Ansatz im Umweltvölkerrecht: Ein Beitrag zu den normativen Grundlagen des internationalen Umweltschutzes. Frankfurt am Main: P. Lang, 1997.

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14

Bratko, Aleksandr. Artificial intelligence, legal system and state functions. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1064996.

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The monograph deals with methodological problems of embedding artificial intelligence in the legal system taking into account the laws of society. Describes the properties of the rule of law as a Microsystem in subsystems of law and methods of its fixation in the system of law and logic of legal norms. Is proposed and substantiated the idea of creating specifically for artificial intelligence, separate and distinct, unambiguous normative system, parallel to the principal branches of law is built on the logic of the four-membered structure of legal norms. Briefly discusses some of the theory of law as an instrument of methodology of modelling of the legal system and its semantic codes in order to function properly an artificial intelligence. The ways of application of artificial intelligence in the functioning of the state. For students and teachers and all those interested in issues of artificial intelligence from the point of view of law.

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15

Dubouchet, Paul. Pour une théorie générale du droit: Essai sur les rapports du normatif et du logico-grammatical. [Paris?]: L'Hermès, 1993.

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16

Voronina, Larisa. Financial accounting: theory and practice. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1171982.

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The textbook is based on the normative acts of the system of regulatory regulation of accounting currently in force in the Russian Federation in accordance with the latest amendments to the Tax Code of the Russian Federation and the Labor Code of the Russian Federation. The basics of the organization of accounting and the principles of its differentiation into financial and managerial accounting are considered. The methodology of accounting for the assets, liabilities and capital of the organization is described, the main aspects of taxation are presented. Numerous practical examples, questions for self-examination and interviews, tests and workshops are given for all chapters. The content of the textbook and the professional competencies formed based on the results of its study meet the requirements of the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation, the Main Professional Educational Program of Higher Education (OPOP HE) "Accounting, analysis and audit" in the direction of training 38.03.01 "Economics" and the working program of the discipline "Accounting financial Accounting" (MFUA). For students of economic universities and faculties, students of the system of advanced training and retraining, for practitioners of accounting services, audit companies and administrative and managerial personnel.

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17

Hardin, Russell. Normative Methodology. Herausgegeben von Janet M. Box-Steffensmeier, Henry E. Brady und David Collier. Oxford University Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199286546.003.0002.

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This article shows that one should start social science inquiry with individuals, their motivations, and the kinds of transactions they undertake with one another. It specifically discusses four basic schools of social theory: conflict, shared-values, exchange, and coordination theories. Conflict theories almost inherently lead into normative discussions of the justification of coercion in varied political contexts. Religious visions of social order are usually shared-value theories and interest is the chief means used by religions to guide people. Individualism is at the core of an exchange theory. Because the first three theories are generally in conflict in any moderately large society, coercion is a sine qua non for social order. Coordination interactions are especially important for politics and political theory and probably for sociology, although exchange relations might be most of economics, or at least of classical economics. Shared-value theory may possibly turn into the most commonly asserted alternative to rational choice in this time as contractarian reasoning recedes from center stage in the face of challenges to the story of contracting that lies behind it and the difficulty of believing people actually think they have consciously agreed to their political order.

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18

Hardin, Russell. Normative Methodology. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199604456.013.0003.

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19

Ackerly, Brooke A. Feminist Grounded Normative Theory and Methodology. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190662936.003.0005.

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In order to take on global injustice as a problem of injustice itself, a political theory of responsibility requires a methodology for guiding the taking of responsibility for injustice. Chapter 4 provides the feminist theoretical basis for the methodological approach of the book. A feminist grounded normative political theory uses a feminist critical methodology to identify differences in perspectives on injustice. These might reflect differences in how groups experience injustice. In feminist grounded political theory, we treat the space between differences as at once a space of inquiry and a site from which to gain critical purchase on previously normalized exploited power inequalities. The chapter illustrates the role of feminist social criticism in light of the limitations of injustice itself.

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20

Alchourrón, Carlos E. Normative Systems. Springer Vienna, 2011.

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21

Giuliano, Di Bernardo, Hrsg. Normative structures of the social world. Amsterdam: Rodopi, 1988.

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22

Andrew, Caplin, und Schotter A, Hrsg. The foundations of positive and normative economics: A handbook. New York: Oxford University Press, 2010.

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23

Andrew, Caplin, und Schotter A, Hrsg. The foundations of positive and normative economics: A handbook. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2008.

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24

Eklund, Matti. Choosing Normative Concepts. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198717829.001.0001.

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Theorists working on metaethics and the nature of normativity typically study goodness, rightness, what ought to be done, etc. In their investigations they employ and consider our actual normative concepts. But the actual concepts of goodness, rightness, and what ought to be done are only some of the possible normative concepts. There are other possible concepts, ascribing different properties. In this book, the consequences of this are explored, for example for the debate over normative realism and for the debate over what it is for concepts and properties to be normative. In recent years, conceptual engineering—the project of considering how our concepts can be replaced by better ones—has become a central topic in philosophy. The present work applies this proposed methodology to central normative concepts and discusses the special complications that arise in this case. For example, how should we, in the context, understand talk of a concept being better than another?

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25

Ackerly, Brooke A. Feminist Grounded Normative Methods for Just Responsibility. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190662936.003.0006.

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One of the core challenges of grounded normative theory is to deploy a methodology for theorizing that guides us to seek insight from lived experience even though our knowledge of that experience can be only partial, incomplete, even flawed. Grounded normative theory is a broad methodological approach that requires specific methods for developing the empirical basis appropriate to each normative inquiry. Chapter 5 describes the specific methods I used to develop the theory of just responsibility. It provides an argument for drawing on the strategic initiatives of human rights activists and describes the research–activist partnership from which the normative theory presented here derives.

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26

E, Alchourrón Carlos, Bulygin Eugenio und Garzón Valdés Ernesto, Hrsg. Normative systems in legal and moral theory: Festschrift for Carlos E. Alchourrón and Eugenio Bulygin. Berlin: Duncker & Humblot, 1997.

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27

1946-, Ōnuma Yasuaki, Hrsg. A Normative approach to war: Peace, war, and justice in Hugo Grotius. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1993.

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28

Streumer, Bart. Unbelievable Errors. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198785897.001.0001.

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This book defends an error theory about all normative judgements: not just moral judgements, but also judgements about reasons for action, judgements about reasons for belief, and instrumental normative judgements. This theory says that normative judgements are beliefs that ascribe normative properties, but that normative properties do not exist. It therefore entails that all normative judgements are false. The book also argues, however, that we cannot believe this error theory. Instead of being a problem for the theory, the book argues, our inability to believe this error theory makes the theory more likely to be true, since it undermines objections to the theory, it makes it harder to reject the arguments for the theory, and it undermines revisionary alternatives to the theory. The book then sketches how certain other philosophical theories can be defended in a similar way, and how philosophers should modify their methodology if there can be true philosophical theories that we cannot believe. It concludes that to make philosophical progress, we should make a sharp distinction between a theory’s truth and our ability to believe it.

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29

Guala, Francesco. Methodological Issues in Experimental Design and Interpretation. Herausgegeben von Don Ross und Harold Kincaid. Oxford University Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195189254.003.0010.

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This article is organized around two topics: the first one is the methodology of experimental economics, a research program that is becoming increasingly influential in contemporary economic science. The second one is normative methodology, an issue that has been widely debated by philosophers of economics over the last two decades. A methodological discussion of experimental economics could simply aim at describing the methods used by experimental economists in their daily work, without asking questions of efficacy or justification. Another approach, the one that is pursued here, is to take a more direct normative stance: instead of passively observing what economists do, the philosopher steps down in the arena of scientific debate and tries to issue some cautious advice on methodological matters.

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30

Hengameh, Saberi. Part II Approaches, Ch.21 Yale’s Policy Science and International Law: Between Legal Formalism and Policy Conceptualism. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198701958.003.0022.

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This chapter challenges the conventional narrative about the career of the New Haven School (NHS) by arguing that the mainstream discipline’s rejection of the policy-oriented methodology was not a rejection of policy thinking as such, but rather an opposition to the conceptualism and formulaic determinism of New Haven’s jurisprudence resulting from a peculiar combination of a contextualist methodology and a non-cognitive view of normative values of human dignity. Rather than between law and policy, the tension was between two different perceptions of flexibility and rigidity. This tension resulted from the NHS’s dogmatic and erroneous presentation of what they dubbed ‘traditional’ and ‘rule-oriented’ approaches as formalist and the mainstream discipline’s more accurate understanding of the policy-oriented international law as a new mode of formalism.

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31

Khader, Serene J. Introduction. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190664190.003.0001.

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This chapter introduces the central argument of Decolonizing Universalism. The book seeks a way out of the anti-imperialism/normativity dilemma, according to which we face a choice between (a) opposing imperialism and reducing feminism to a parochial Western conceit or (b) opposing gender injustice and embracing Western chauvinism. The solution to this dilemma is a universalism that does not treat Western values and interests as exhaustive of feminist normative possibilities. Nonideal universalism is a position according to which feminism is opposition to sexist oppression and transnational feminisms is a justice-enhancing praxis. This conception of transnational feminisms makes it possible to imagine a genuinely normative feminist position that does not license justificatory or constitutive imperialist intervention—and that does not require commitment to controversial forms of individualism or autonomy or to gender-role eliminativism. The introduction also discusses the book’s methodology and situates the book’s project within contemporary political philosophy and feminist theory.

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32

Seibert-Fohr, Anja. The Effect of Subsequent Practice on the European Convention on Human Rights. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198830009.003.0004.

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Under which conditions and to what extent can subsequent State practice legitimately influence the interpretation or even modify international treaties? This issue of general international law has been on the European Court of Human Rights’ agenda for quite some time and is ongoing as evidenced in Hassan v The United Kingdom. While State practice has traditionally played a role in the interpretation of the European Convention on Human Rights in its dynamic interpretation, the Court’s methodology to determine under what circumstance and to what extent State practice is able to affect the scope and meaning of the Convention remains uncertain. This chapter develops a general theoretical framework, which rationalizes the normative value of subsequent practice in the context of human rights treaty interpretation and sets out its relevant standards. Drawing from the International Law Commission’s work on ‘Subsequent agreements and subsequent practice in relation to interpretation of treaties’, the author argues that the Vienna rules provide a useful point of departure without the need for additional means of interpretation. This matrix allows sufficient flexibility to accommodate the specific nature of human rights law. The author proposes a normative scale, which can guide the Court in enhancing its methodological consistency. Pursuant to this scale, exigencies for the density of subsequent practice and the degree of acceptance pursuant to Article 38(1)(b) VCLT vary depending on the nature of the rule and the claimed normative value of State practice. Once State practice meets the required standard, it can sustain the legitimacy of treaty interpretation and serve as a catalyst for the advancement of human rights.

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33

Mačák, Kubo. Introduction. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198819868.003.0001.

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This chapter introduces the central aim of this book: to provide a comprehensive examination of the notion, process, and effects of internationalization of armed conflicts in international law. It presents a brief research overview, outlining the scope of the enquiry, the research methodology, and the structure of the book. It then lays out the conceptual and normative framework for the rest of the book. To that end, it first justifies the need for the present study by confirming the continuing distinction between international and non-international armed conflicts in international law. Then, it puts forward a conception of internationalization that expresses the legal transformation from a non-international to an international armed conflict.

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34

Ackerly, Brooke A. Introduction. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190662936.003.0001.

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In the introduction, the Bangladesh Center for Worker Solidarity (BCWS) provides a background for conceptualizing problems of global injustice (injustice itself), the methodology needed to theorize about how to take responsibility for injustice itself politically (grounded normative theory), and the key features and importance of a human rights approach to a political theory of responsibility. BCWS successfully cultivated arrangements with a Bangladeshi factory, RL Denim, to improve conditions there, with Metro Group to keep production in that garment factory, with workers to develop their understanding of their legal rights and strategies for self-advocacy, and with Clean Clothes Campaign (a worker advocacy network) and BSCI (a factory auditing firm) to support the workers’ desire to keep their jobs under improved factory conditions. The remainder of the chapter clarifies the political perspective of the approach.

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35

Westphal, Kenneth R. Hegel’s Natural Law Constructivism. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198778165.003.0014.

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Legend has it that, in principle, Hegel’s Philosophical Outlines of Justice cannot afford any progress in morals, nor any progressive politics, either because his moral philosophy is derived a priori from his first principles, or because his putative theory of ‘justice’ must simple endorse whatever lurch the Weltgeist next takes. Hegel’s methodology and his Science of Logic are important to understanding his moral philosophy. This chapter details four related methodological precautions that must be observed. It then considers some substantive fundamentals of Hegel’s moral philosophy, central to his version of ‘Natural Law Constructivism’. Thus prepared, the chapter details several specific regards in which Hegel’s normative social morality is progressive both principally and practically, and concludes by reflecting on Hegel’s career of public activism on behalf of liberal republican reform.

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36

Hafez, Mohammed M. Apologia for Suicide. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190656485.003.0007.

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Suicide attacks have become a conventional tactic in the arsenal of militant Islamists. Yet suicide is strictly prohibited in the Islamic heritage. Radical Salafists have succeeded in framing suicide attacks as religiously permissible, indeed venerable, by elevating human intentionality above textual forms of authority, and by euphemistically labeling such acts as martyrdom. They have also inferred a normative paradigm from Islam’s formative generations, pointing to examples of excessive risk-taking by the Prophet’s companions. In making these rationalizations, Salafist jihadists have cast aside their strict constructionist ethos and unveiled figurative meanings (ta’wil) in original verses and traditions to permit acts of self-immolation. In other words, in seeking to affirm their religious authenticity, they have violated their Salafist methodology. This methodological slippage has permitted other interpretive innovations, such as the permissibility of killing civilians and coreligionists in the course of justified warfare.

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37

Reichberg, Gregory M. Historiography of Just War Theory. Herausgegeben von Seth Lazar und Helen Frowe. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199943418.013.18.

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This chapter examines the historiography of just war theory. It starts off by showing how the concept of war has remained far from constant from one period to another and why recognition of these shifts in meaning is a prerequisite for historical reflection in this domain. Proceeding afterwards to explain why histories of the just war ‘tradition’ have been written, in what historical contexts and in view of what aims, it is shown how few of these histories have been recounted as purely descriptive exercises. Displaying the normative options that have oriented historical methodology in this field is thus a principal task of this chapter. Finally, to exhibit the salience of just war historiography for contemporary theorising, this chapter concludes with a reflection on the antecedents to our present debate on the moral equality of combatants.

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38

Baaij, C. J. W. Introduction. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190680787.003.0001.

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This chapter provides an introduction, explicating the book’s mission and its interdisciplinary methodology while illuminating the most important concepts. The book proposes a more effective way for European Union (EU) Institutions to pursue legal integration while respecting language diversity, choosing the integration of contract law as its case study. The combined policy objectives of legal integration and language diversity function as normative benchmarks for critically assessing EU’s multilingual practices and procedures of the EU Institutions, or “Institutional Multilingualism.” It concentrates both on “EU Translation,” that is, the work of EU translators and lawyer–linguists in EU legislative bodies who produce EU’s multilingual legislation, as well as the ways in which the Court of Justice of the EU attributes uniform meaning to the various language versions of EU legislation. Finally, these evaluations are framed in terms of translation “orientations,” as expounded in a 19th-century essay by Friedrich Schleiermacher.

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39

Smith, Craig. Adam Ferguson and the Idea of Civil Society. Edinburgh University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474413275.001.0001.

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Adam Ferguson was a Professor of Moral Philosophy at the University of Edinburgh and a leading member of the Scottish Enlightenment. A friend of David Hume and Adam Smith, Ferguson was among the leading exponents of the Scottish Enlightenment’s attempts to develop a science of man and was among the first in the English speaking world to make use of the terms civilization, civil society, and political science. This book challenges many of the prevailing assumptions about Ferguson’s thinking. It explores how Ferguson sought to create a methodology for moral science that combined empirically based social theory with normative moralising with a view to supporting the virtuous education of the British elite. The Ferguson that emerges is far from the stereotyped image of a nostalgic republican sceptical about modernity, and instead is one much closer to the mainstream Scottish Enlightenment’s defence of eighteenth century British commercial society.

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40

Pitt, Matthew. Techniques used to test the neuromuscular junction in children. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198754596.003.0009.

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The tests used to measure the neuromuscular junction function in children are repetitive nerve stimulation (RNS) and single-fibre electromyography (SFEMG). The physiological changes which explain abnormalities in RNS are covered in this chapter as are those affecting jitter measurement when measured by SFEMG. Practical considerations of how to perform RNS in children are discussed, along with the reasons for using SFEMG in preference to RNS and the need to use stimulation techniques. Controversies concerning so-called stimulated SFEMG including needle selection, filter settings, and the origin of the potentials that are being sampled are all discussed. The term stimulated potential analysis using concentric needle electrodes (SPACE) is introduced to divert most if not all of these criticisms. Derivation of normative data from previous studies is described as well as the use of e-norm methodology on laboratory data. The chapter concludes with practical measures of how to analyse the data collected and reference is made to the cross-correlation technique for determining abnormalities.

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41

Hemerijck, Anton, Hrsg. The Uses of Social Investment. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198790488.001.0001.

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The Uses of Social Investment surveys the emergence, diffusion, limits, merits, and politics of social investment as the welfare policy paradigm for the twenty-first century seen through the lens of the life-course contingencies of the knowledge economy and modern familyhood. Over a span of thirty-five contributions, The Uses of Social Investment revisits the intellectual roots, surveys the evidence of social investment progress in theory and practice, and looks at research methodology and normative philosophy. In addition, the volume also reviews the criticisms that have been levelled against the social investment perspective in the academic literature. In light of the progressive, and admittedly uneven, diffusion of the social investment policy priorities across all parts of the globe, many contributions address the pressing political question of whether the social investment turn will be able to withstand the fiscal austerity backlash that has re-emerged in the low growth aftermath of the recent global financial crisis.

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42

Ohlin, Jens David, Larry May und Claire Finkelstein. Introduction. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198796176.003.0001.

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This volume brings to bear philosophical analysis and normative legal theory to study the value of lives in war. There is already a well-established literature regarding the lives of civilians, but the lives of combatants have generally received far less attention in both the legal and philosophical literatures. Consequently, this volume aims to consider both questions together, analyzing questions of methodology, legal doctrine, and philosophical commitments. The arguments outlined in this volume reveal a set of principles, including necessity and proportionality, whose core essence remains essentially contested. From the secure viewpoint of the purely descriptive, lawyers might confidently describe some of these questions as settled. But many others, even from the vantage point of descriptive theory, remain under-analyzed and radically lacking in clarity and certainty. The results of this collective investigation open up a new research programme regarding the legal and the ethical regulation of war, specifically how the lives of combatants and civilians alike are valued, weighed, balanced, and protected.

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43

Ackerly, Brooke A. Just Responsibility. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190662936.001.0001.

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When disaster strikes, what is the just thing to do? When local or global crisis threatens the human rights of large parts of humanity, what is the just thing to do? Can we respond to injustices in the world in ways that do more than simply address their consequences? Just Responsibility provides a human rights theory of global justice that guides how we, each in political community together, can take responsibility for injustices wherever they are. Using empirical research into the ways that women’s human rights activists have done so under conditions of little political privilege, Just Responsibility offers a theory of global injustice and political responsibility that can guide the actions of those who are relatively privileged in relation to injustice, whether they are citizens, activists, academics, policymakers, or philanthropists. We can take responsibility for the power inequalities of injustice, what, following John Stuart Mill, the author calls “injustice itself,” regardless of our causal responsibility for the injustice and regardless of the extent of our knowledge of the injustice. Using a feminist critical methodology, Just Responsibility offers a grounded normative theory for taking political responsibility. The book integrates these ways of taking political responsibility into a rich theory of political community, accountability, and leadership in which taking responsibility for injustice itself contributes to and transforms the fabric of our political life together.

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44

Ackerly, Brooke, und Ying Zhang. Feminist Ethics in International Relations. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190846626.013.436.

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The study of feminist ethics in international relations (IR) is the study of three topics. The first is the feminist contributions to key topics in international ethics and the research agenda that continues to further that enterprise. Feminists have made important contributions to IR thought on central ethical concepts. They rethink these concepts from the perspective of their impact on women, deconstruct the dichotomies of the concepts and their constituent parts, and reconsider how the field should be studied. Next, there is the feminist engagement with the epistemological construction of the discipline of IR itself, by which feminists make the construction of the field itself a normative subject. Finally, there is the feminist methodological contribution of a “meta-methodology”—a research ethic applicable in the research of all questions and able to improve the research practice of all methodologists. The contention here is that ethical IR research must be responsive to the injustices of the world, hence feminists have also explored the connections between scholarship and activism. And this in turn has meant exploring methodologies such as participatory action research that engages one with the political impact of research and methods. Furthermore, contemporary challenges related to climate, globalization, shifts in people, and shifts in global governance are encouraging feminists to work from multiple theoretical perspectives and to triangulate across multiple methods and questions, in order to contribute to our understanding of global problems and the politics of addressing them.

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45

Pitt, Matthew. Paediatric Electromyography. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198754596.001.0001.

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Paediatric Electromyography is a single-author textbook which covers the full range of applications of the techniques of nerve conduction and electromyography (EMG) in children from the neonatal period to the late teenage years. It comprises five sections. Section 1 in its first chapter, gives a detailed introduction to the different skills that are needed to effect successful interventions in paediatric EMG. The emphasis here is that paediatric EMG is not simply adult EMG applied to younger subjects. Its second chapter is an introduction to the basic physiology which is common to any practice of nerve and muscle study. The next three sections (2–4), each comprised of three chapters, are structured anatomically covering in order, nerves, muscles, and neuromuscular junctions. All follow a similar pattern with the first chapter of the section dedicated to the underlying physiology needed for interpretation of the techniques used in the investigation of that particular part of the nervous system. The second chapter gives the pathophysiological associations and the final chapter covers any aspect not covered in the previous two chapters. In section 5 the techniques needed to deal with the more unusual clinical requests, such as investigation of facial palsy, swallowing abnormalities, brachial plexus injuries, and diaphragmatic problems are brought together in a final chapter. The book is concluded with three appendices. Appendix 1 describes protocols devised to cover the differing clinical request sent to any laboratory. Appendix 2 gives a comprehensive database of normative data, often derived from e-norm methodology, and intending to cover every measure recorded. Appendix 3 is an illustrated description of electrode placements for all the common nerve studies.

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