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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema „Nonexclusive“

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Veröffentlicht am 25. Mai 2024

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1

Daniel, Walter F., und Ronald A. Yeo. „Handedness and Sexual Preference: A Re-Analysis of Data Presented by Rosenstein and Bigler“. Perceptual and Motor Skills 76, Nr. 2 (April 1993): 544–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1993.76.2.544.

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Rosenstein and Bigler reported in 1987 that sexual orientation (exclusively versus nonexclusively heterosexual) was not related to right- versus nonright-handedness. However, re-analysis of their published data indicated that nonexclusive heterosexuals were 3.13 times more likely to be nonright-handed than were exclusively heterosexual subjects ( p < .03).

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2

Ripperger-Suhler, Daniel. „Matching with Nonexclusive Contracts“. Games 15, Nr. 2 (30.03.2024): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/g15020011.

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A variety of empirical papers document the coexistence of exclusive and nonexclusive contracts within a given market across a multitude of industries. However, the theoretical literature has not been able to generate a differentiable model with the coexistence of these contracts. I rectify the gap in the literature by developing a theoretical model of two-sided matching, in which principals and agents choose between exclusive and nonexclusive contracts with cost-of-effort inefficiencies. I find that the coexistence of contracts relies on cost-sharing between principals, relative bargaining power, and an endogenous outside option. I also find that the pattern of contracts is monotonic with respect to the type distributions of principals and agents.

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3

Leibovitz, John S. „Inventing a Nonexclusive Patent System“. Yale Law Journal 111, Nr. 8 (Juni 2002): 2251. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/797646.

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4

Bisin, Alberto, und Danilo Guaitoli. „Moral Hazard and Nonexclusive Contracts“. RAND Journal of Economics 35, Nr. 2 (2004): 306. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1593693.

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5

Attar, Andrea, Thomas Mariotti und François Salanié. „Nonexclusive competition under adverse selection“. Theoretical Economics 9, Nr. 1 (Januar 2014): 1–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3982/te1126.

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6

Kahn, Charles M., und Dilip Mookherjee. „Competition and Incentives with Nonexclusive Contracts“. RAND Journal of Economics 29, Nr. 3 (1998): 443. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2556099.

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7

Attar, Andrea, und Arnold Chassagnon. „On moral hazard and nonexclusive contracts“. Journal of Mathematical Economics 45, Nr. 9-10 (September 2009): 511–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmateco.2008.09.007.

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8

Han, Feiyan, Herui Wang, Hongyu Lv und Bo Li. „Research on Manufacturers’ Referral Strategy Considering Store Brand Retailers and Traditional Retailers“. Mathematics 10, Nr. 18 (14.09.2022): 3326. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math10183326.

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It has become a common commercial phenomenon for retailers to establish their own brands. The manufacturer referral strategy is studied through a model which includes a manufacturer, a traditional retailer and a store brand retailer. We conduct research on the three cooperation methods of the manufacturer: “no information referral”, “exclusive referral” and “nonexclusive referral”. The equilibrium wholesale price, the manufacturer’s order quantity and the retailer’s own product output are studied by constructing game models, and the best referral cooperation choice between the manufacturer and the retailer is analysed according to their profit. The results show that the manufacturer’s referral level choice does not change the number of products, while the manufacturer’s market loss rate leads to a change in product order quantity among different choices. Under the combined effect of the market loss rate and the intensity of market competition, the store brand retailer will change the output decision of its own products. When the market loss rate meets a certain range, the manufacturer’s product sales can be maximized. For the manufacturer, any referral strategy is better than no referral strategy, and in most cases, the manufacturer prefers nonexclusive referrals. The traditional retailer is willing to accept the manufacturer’s referral cooperation, and the traditional retailer’s profit is better under the nonexclusive referrals; while most store brand retailers are willing to choose the nonexclusive referrals.

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9

Hotkar, Parshuram, und Stephen M. Gilbert. „Supplier Encroachment in a Nonexclusive Reselling Channel“. Management Science 67, Nr. 9 (September 2021): 5821–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2020.3786.

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We consider a setting in which a nonexclusive reseller procures partially substitutable products from two suppliers, one of whom introduces a direct channel. We find that the presence of the second supplier alters many of the existing results about the interactions between a reseller and an encroaching supplier. For instance, the reseller’s and the supply chain’s benefit from the direct channel disappears when the product substitutability is sufficiently large. In addition, when the reseller is nonexclusive, the encroaching supplier may either sell exclusively through its direct channel even when that channel is less efficient than the reselling channel, or sell through both channels even when its direct channel is more efficient than the reselling channel. Neither of these would occur in an exclusive reselling environment with only one supplier. This paper was accepted by Jayashankar Swaminathan, operations management.

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10

Hausman, Jerry A., Gregory K. Leonard und Jean Tirole. „On Nonexclusive Membership in Competing Joint Ventures“. RAND Journal of Economics 34, Nr. 1 (2003): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3087442.

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11

Malloy, Christopher J. „Subsistit In: Nonexclusive Identity or Full Identity?“ Thomist: A Speculative Quarterly Review 72, Nr. 1 (2008): 1–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/tho.2008.0035.

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12

Elrod, Doug, und Robin Walker. „Myriad facets of the nonexclusive data business“. Leading Edge 19, Nr. 6 (Juni 2000): 640–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1438684.

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13

Grunt-Mejer, Katarzyna, und Christine Campbell. „Around Consensual Nonmonogamies: Assessing Attitudes Toward Nonexclusive Relationships“. Journal of Sex Research 53, Nr. 1 (04.08.2015): 45–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00224499.2015.1010193.

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14

Grenier, S., P. Barre und I. Litrico. „Phenotypic Plasticity and Selection: Nonexclusive Mechanisms of Adaptation“. Scientifica 2016 (2016): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/7021701.

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Selection and plasticity are two mechanisms that allow the adaptation of a population to a changing environment. Interaction between these nonexclusive mechanisms must be considered if we are to understand population survival. This review discusses the ways in which plasticity and selection can interact, based on a review of the literature on selection and phenotypic plasticity in the evolution of populations. The link between selection and phenotypic plasticity is analysed at the level of the individual. Plasticity can affect an individual’s response to selection and so may modify the end result of genetic diversity evolution at population level. Genetic diversity increases the ability of populations or communities to adapt to new environmental conditions. Adaptive plasticity increases individual fitness. However this effect must be viewed from the perspective of the costs of plasticity, although these are not easy to estimate. It is becoming necessary to engage in new experimental research to demonstrate the combined effects of selection and plasticity for adaptation and their consequences on the evolution of genetic diversity.

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15

MCCABE, THOMAS. „Studying species definitions for mutual nonexclusiveness“. Zootaxa 1939, Nr. 1 (21.11.2008): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1939.1.1.

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In the absence of a single universally accepted species concept, taxonomists rely on working conventions when defining species. One such convention is based on the intuition that no specimen is in more than one existing species: species are disjoint and their definitions should be mutually exclusive. When two species definitions both describe one and the same specimen, the two definitions are not mutually exclusive and do not conform to this assumption. Uncorrected, such nonexclusive species definitions make taxonomic indistinctness. Here the author, after exploring the notion of mutual nonexclusiveness, presents simple ways to revise or replace a pair of currently accepted species definitions if they are found to be mutually nonexclusive. The author shows some possible consequences of not doing so in two important areas of biologic research—species diversity studies, and heterospecific hybridization experiments. There is a semiformal discussion of nonexclusiveness in an appendix.

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Caplan, Zoe. „The Problem with Square Pegs: Sexual Orientation Concordance as a Predictor of Depressive Symptoms“. Society and Mental Health 7, Nr. 2 (11.05.2017): 105–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2156869317701266.

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The author uses a nationally representative sample of cisgender young adults to examine the relationship between sexual orientation concordance and the prevalence of depressive symptoms. In these analyses, the author differentiates between those with an exclusive identity (100 percent gay or 100 percent straight) and those with a nonexclusive identity (“mostly gay,” “mostly straight,” or bisexual). Among those with an exclusive identity, the author differentiates between those with behavior and attraction that is in line with (concordant) or goes against (discordant) a claimed gay or straight identity. Those with a concordant sexual orientation report significantly lower depressive symptoms scores than do those with either a discordant sexual orientation or a nonexclusive identity. When accounting for orientation, concordance is significantly associated with depressive symptoms for straight- but not gay-identified young adults. These findings generally hold for women, but not for men when change in identity is controlled for.

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17

Citanna, A., und P. Siconolfi. „Designing insurance markets with moral hazard and nonexclusive contracts“. Economic Theory 62, Nr. 1-2 (09.09.2015): 325–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00199-015-0911-x.

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18

Abdullah, A. Zulkifli, A. Arsunan Arsin und Lidyawati Dahlan. „Faktor Risiko Diare Shigellosis pada Anak Balita“. Kesmas: National Public Health Journal 7, Nr. 1 (01.08.2012): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.21109/kesmas.v7i1.71.

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Diare shigellosis pada balita merupakan masalah serius sebab dapat menyebabkan kematian. Untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor risiko kejadian shigellosis pada anak balita dilakukan studi kasus kontrol di beberapa rumah sakit di Kota Makassar dengan 68 kasus dan 136 kontrol. Datamengenai jenis kelamin dan status gizi anak balita, pemberian air susu ibu (ASI) eksklusif, status ekonomi, pendidikan ibu, kebiasaan ibu mencuci tangan memakai sabun, kepadatan hunian rumah, sarana air bersih, danjamban keluarga dikumpulkan dengan wawancara dan observasi serta dikategorikan dan disaring (screening) dengan uji chi square. Enam variabel dengan nilai p < 0,25 dimasukkan dalam uji regresi logistik yang menghasilkan3 variabel dengan nilai p < 0,05 (gizi rendah, ASI tidak eksklusif, dan status ekonomi rendah). Uji regresi logistik tahap kedua dengan 3 variabel ini menghasilkan model shigellosis = 1,47 gizi rendah + 1,471 ASI tidak eksklusif + 1,022 status ekonomi rendah – 2,546” dengan nilai oddsratio (OR) = 4,352 (gizi rendah), 4,353 (ASI tidak eksklusif), dan 2,779 (status ekonomi rendah). Studi ini menyimpulkan bahwa gizi balita yang rendah, pemberian ASI yang tidak eksklusif, dan status ekonomi ibu yang rendah merupakan faktor-faktor risiko penting kejadian diare shigellosis padabalita.Kata kunci: Balita, diare, shigellosis, status giziAbstractShigellosis diarrhea is a serious issue to children under five years old since it may lead to death. To determine the risk factors influence to children under five shigellosis, a case control study conducted in hospitals in Makassar involving 68 cases and 136 controls. Data on sex, nutrition status of children under five, exclusive breastfeeding, economic status, education, hand washing with soap, house density, clean water facility, and toilet were collected by interview and observation. All collected data were categorized and screened using chi-square test to obtain variables for logistic regression. Sixvariables with p value < 0,25 were putted to logistic regression resulted 3 variables with p value < 0,05 (low nutrition status, p value = 0,00; nonexclusive breastfeeding, p value = 0,00; low economic status of mother, p value = 0,00). These variables gave final model of “shigellosis = 1,47 low nutrition status + 1,471 nonexclusive breastfeeding + 1,022 low economic status – 2,546” with odds ratio (OR) = 4,352 (low nutrition status), 4,353 (nonexclusive breastfeeding), and 2,779 (low economic status of mother). This study concludes that low nutrition status, nonexclusive breastfeeding, and low economic status of mother are important risk factors of shigellosis in children under five.Key words: Children under five, diarrhea, logistic regression, shigellosis, nutrition status

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19

Kosenko, Andrew, Joseph Stiglitz und Jungyoll Yun. „Bilateral information disclosure in adverse selection markets with nonexclusive competition“. Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization 205 (Januar 2023): 144–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jebo.2022.10.015.

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20

Ahmed, Mukarrum. „The Legal Regulation and Enforcement of Asymmetric Jurisdiction Agreements in the European Union“. European Business Law Review 28, Issue 3 (01.05.2017): 403–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/eulr2017022.

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This article examines the legal regulation and enforcement of asymmetric choice of court agreements under the Brussels I Regulation (Recast). The two significant and related issues of the effectiveness of asymmetric jurisdiction agreements under Art. 25 of the Recast Regulation and whether proceedings commenced in the primary nonexclusive court identified in the agreement should trigger the application of Art. 31(2) of the Recast Regulation are analyzed. Notwithstanding, the rulings of the French Cour de Cassation in Rothschild and ICH v. Credit Suisse, it will be argued that asymmetric choice of court agreements should in principle be effective under Art. 25 of the Recast Regulation from the perspectives of validity, certainty, form and fairness. The validity and effectiveness of asymmetric jurisdiction agreements in the jurisprudence of the English courts is already well established. There also exists some support for the argument that proceedings initiated in the English courts (as the primary nonexclusive court identified in the clause) may invoke the protective cover of Art. 31(2) of the Recast Regulation where the borrower in an international finance agreement has breached his obligation to sue exclusively in the English courts.

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21

Hynson, Nicole A., und Thomas D. Bruns. „Fungal hosts for mycoheterotrophic plants: a nonexclusive, but highly selective club“. New Phytologist 185, Nr. 3 (15.01.2010): 598–601. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2009.03152.x.

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22

Zarghany, Mostafa, Ramin Parvari und Shahriyar Kaboli. „Fault-Tolerant DC Power Distribution Unit Based on Nonexclusive Redundant Modules“. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics 63, Nr. 11 (November 2016): 6801–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tie.2016.2585458.

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23

Siponen, M. T. „Unauthorized copying of software: what is wrong with the nonexclusive argument?“ IT Professional 7, Nr. 5 (September 2005): 49–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mitp.2005.127.

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24

De Giorgi, Giacomo, Andres Drenik und Enrique Seira. „The Extension of Credit with Nonexclusive Contracts and Sequential Banking Externalities“. American Economic Journal: Economic Policy 15, Nr. 1 (01.02.2023): 233–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/pol.20200220.

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Nonexclusive sequential borrowing can increase default and impose externalities on prior lenders. We document that sequential banking is pervasive with substantial effects. Using credit card applications from a large bank and data on the applicants’ entire loan portfolios, we find that an additional credit line causes a 5.9 percentage point decline in default for high-score borrowers on previous loans. However, for low-score borrowers, it causes a 19 percentage point increase. The former use the new credit to smooth payments on preexisting loans, while the latter increase their total debt. These results have implications for “ no-universal-default” regulation and financial inclusion. (JEL D62, D82, G21, G51)

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Ballington, James R. „POLICIES FOR THE PROPRIETARY RELEASE, DISTRIBUTION AND SALE OF SMALL FRUIT CULTIVARS AND GERMPLASM BY LAND GRANT UNIVERSITIES IN THE SOUTHERN REGION OF THE U.S.“ HortScience 41, Nr. 3 (Juni 2006): 502F—502. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.41.3.502f.

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Public funding for land-grant university plant breeding programs has declined to the point that alternative sources of funding have had to be identified in order for these programs to continue. Small fruit breeding programs at land-grant universities in the southern region of the U.S. now derive their support for day to day operations from a number of alternative funding sources including commodity organizations and research foundations. Royalty income generated from sale of plants of patented cultivars has also become a significant source of support for essentially all land grant programs. In addition, cooperative agreements and contracts with partners in private industry play a prominent role in support for several programs, and these will likely increase significantly in the near future. At present, U.S. plant patents are generally applied for upon the release of cultivars from small fruit breeding programs at land grant universities in the southern region, with some move toward trademarking. Releases are generally nonexclusive within the region, and either exclusive or nonexclusive outside the region. The use of germplasm from other breeding programs usually carries with it the expectation of mutual exchange and use of germplasm and/or sharing of royalty income from cultivars derived from such germplasm.

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Pastrana-Sámano, Rosalila, Ileana Beatriz Heredia-Pi, Marisela Olvera-García, Midiam Ibáñez-Cuevas, Filipa De Castro, Aremis Villalobos Hernández und Maria del Pilar Torres-Pereda. „Adolescent Friendly Services: quality assessment with simulated users“. Revista de Saúde Pública 54 (24.04.2020): 36. http://dx.doi.org/10.11606/s1518-8787.2020054001812.

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OBJECTIVE: To assess the quality of adolescent friendly health services. METHODS: Qualitative assessment using the simulated user technique in first level clinics of Health Services of Morelos, Mexico, during 2018. Ten out of 17 facilities with non-exclusive adolescent friendly services were randomly selected. An additional facility with exclusive adolescent friendly services was included as an intensive subsample. Four adolescents served as simulated users interpreting different cases in the clinics. The total of 43 semi-structured exit interviews were conducted, and two nominal groups were made to assess the perceived quality from the adolescents’ perception of friendliness and experience. Thematic analysis of the data obtained was performed. RESULTS: Staff attitude was highlighted as a key element in the adolescents’ experience. Failures were found, such as the existence of bureaucratic barriers to access, lack of signage in clinics, lack of privacy and confidentiality, failure of physical examination during the appointment and lack of monitoring of the reasons for appointment. The exclusive clinic for adolescents offered more appropriate friendly services compared with nonexclusive clinics. CONCLUSION: Although the service is accessible in most of the clinics visited, it is still far from being friendly according to international recommendations. The exclusive clinic for adolescents stood out for having better structured mechanisms that can be implemented in nonexclusive clinics to improve the care process.

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Strickland, J. Michael. „Nonexclusive Patent Licensees Unite: Use Bankruptcy Committees to Sue for Patent Infringement“. Duke Law Journal 48, Nr. 3 (Dezember 1998): 571. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1373060.

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28

Wignall, Liam, und Helen Driscoll. „Women’s rationales and perspectives on “mostly” as a nonexclusive sexual identity label.“ Psychology of Sexual Orientation and Gender Diversity 7, Nr. 3 (September 2020): 366–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/sgd0000385.

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Muñoz-Guzmán, Carolina. „Re-visioning social work education: A nonexclusive challenge for the United Kingdom“. International Social Work 61, Nr. 2 (10.06.2016): 302–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0020872816637662.

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The analyses of the contesting moment social work faces in the United Kingdom bring to discussion many claims that appear familiar to the context and performance of social work in Chile. This note compares the UK assessment of social work education and professional practice with Chilean social work, concluding that rising demand, high vacancy rates and reliance on agency staff, quality of recruits and training, and low status of the profession are issues shared by both countries, raising the question of how to improve international standards of the profession.

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Attar, Andrea, Thomas Mariotti und François Salanié. „Entry-Proofness and Discriminatory Pricing under Adverse Selection“. American Economic Review 111, Nr. 8 (01.08.2021): 2623–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.20190189.

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This paper studies competitive allocations under adverse selection. We first provide a general necessary and sufficient condition for entry on an inactive market to be unprofitable. We then use this result to characterize, for an active market, a unique budget-balanced allocation implemented by a market tariff making additional trades with an entrant unprofitable. Motivated by the recursive structure of this allocation, we finally show that it emerges as the essentially unique equilibrium outcome of a discriminatory ascending auction. These results yield sharp predictions for competitive nonexclusive markets. (JEL D11, D43, D82, D86)

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Puri, Rohan, Tess Nikitenko und Sarah Kemp. „Using transcranial magnetic stimulation to investigate the neural mechanisms of inhibitory control“. Journal of Neurophysiology 120, Nr. 4 (01.10.2018): 1587–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00366.2018.

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Many everyday actions require inhibitory control. The success of these actions depends on the availability of prior information regarding stopping demands. Using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), Cirillo and colleagues (Cirillo J, Cowie MJ, MacDonald HJ, Byblow WD. J Neurophysiol 119: 877–886, 2018) provide novel neurophysiological evidence for distinct roles of intracortical inhibitory mechanisms underlying inhibitory control. Other, nonexclusive mechanisms such as disfacilitation of excitatory pathways and interhemispheric inhibition may also contribute to inhibitory control. Accordingly, diverse TMS protocols are a valuable assessment tool to investigate these mechanisms.

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Kalyvas, Stathis N. „Jihadi Rebels in Civil War“. Daedalus 147, Nr. 1 (Januar 2018): 36–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/daed_a_00472.

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In this essay, I decouple violent jihadism from both religion and terrorism and propose an alternative, nonexclusive understanding of jihadi groups as rebel groups engaged in civil wars. Arguing that jihadi groups can be profitably approached as the current species of revolutionary insurgents, I offer a comparison with an older species, the Marxist rebels of the Cold War. I point to a few significant similarities and differences between these two types of revolutionary rebels and draw some key implications, stressing the great challenges facing jihadi rebels in civil wars.

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Song, Lei, Sufan Wang, Nicholas A. Kotov und Yunsheng Xia. „Nonexclusive Fluorescent Sensing for l/d Enantiomers Enabled by Dynamic Nanoparticle-Nanorod Assemblies“. Analytical Chemistry 84, Nr. 17 (15.08.2012): 7330–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ac300437v.

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34

Sheng, Shang-Pin, und Mingyan Liu. „Profit Incentive in Trading Nonexclusive Access on a Secondary Spectrum Market Through Contract Design“. IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking 22, Nr. 4 (August 2014): 1190–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tnet.2013.2270954.

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35

Mink, J. W., und W. T. Thach. „Basal ganglia motor control. I. Nonexclusive relation of pallidal discharge to five movement modes“. Journal of Neurophysiology 65, Nr. 2 (01.02.1991): 273–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1991.65.2.273.

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1. To evaluate the various hypotheses that the basal ganglia preferentially control one mode of movement to the exclusion of others, we recorded the discharge of single neurons in the globus pallidus (GP) in rhesus monkeys during their performance of five trained wrist-movement tasks. The tasks were designed to dissociate several modes and parameters of movement to see whether pallidal neurons would discharge in relation to one and not the others. All tasks were performed by flexing and extending the wrist with opposing or assisting torque loads (0.2 Nm). The five tasks included 1) VisStep, a visually cued step tracking task; 2) VisRamp, a visually guided hold-ramp-hold tracking task; 3) VisSine, a visually guided rapid sinusoidal tracking task; 4) SelfRamp, a self-paced hold-ramp-hold task with delayed alternation, trained velocity, and no visual feedback of wrist position; and 5) SelfSine, a self-paced rapid sinusoidal movement without visual feedback of wrist position. Wrist position and velocity were monitored during all recordings; and wrist, arm, shoulder, and back electromyographs (EMGs) were monitored periodically. Unit discharge was recorded extracellularly from both segments of the GP. The results were similar in the present analysis and are considered together. As a control, units were also recorded in the dentate nucleus of the lateral cerebellum, and the EMGs of many muscles were recorded in limbs, neck and trunk. 2. For 100 GP neurons [41 in the internal segment (GPi) and 59 in the external segment (GPe)], the activity of which changed with task performance, the discharge patterns varied greatly across tasks. The discharge of 96/97 neurons (99%) changed during VisStep, 66/91 neurons (73%) changed during VisRamp, 41/81 neurons (51%) changed during VisSine, 7/34 neurons (21%) changed during SelfRamp, and 25/80 neurons (31%) changed during SelfSine. Of 74 neurons that were fully tested in four or more tasks, 16 (21%) were related only to one task; only 17 cells (23%) were related to all tasks; and, for the remaining 41 (55%) neurons, the relation of the discharge of a given neuron to one task did not predict its relation to other tasks. These task-dependent differences in the discharge of pallidal neurons were not correlated with differences in wrist position, velocity, load, or muscle activity (see also the following paper--Mink and Thach, 1991a). 3. From these data, we conclude that no one task engaged all pallidal neurons to the exclusion of other tasks.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

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Freitas, Antonio. „The Rate of Surplus Value in Brazil, 1996–2016“. Review of Radical Political Economics 53, Nr. 3 (31.03.2021): 398–422. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0486613421989427.

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This paper estimates the Brazilian economy’s rate of surplus value as well as its underlying determinants, i.e., wage rate and labor productivity between 1996 and 2016. In addition, it builds a theoretical narrative of the Brazilian economy that integrates its political successions, highlighting the governments of Fernando Henrique Cardoso (1995–2002), Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva (2003–2010), Dilma Rousseff (2011–August 2016), and the parliamentary coup d’état (December 2015–August 2016). The findings are presented based on the classical political economy tradition, which sees capital-labor struggle as a key, albeit nonexclusive, condition that frames the economic, political, and ideological disputes of society. JEL Classification: B51, E25, N16

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Chang, Jin-Wook, und R. Matthew Darst. „Moldy Lemons and Market Shutdowns“. Finance and Economics Discussion Series 2022, Nr. 010 (18.03.2022): 1–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.17016/feds.2022.013.

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This paper studies competitive market shutdowns due to adverse selection, where sellers post nonexclusive menus of contracts. We first show that the presence of the worst type of agents (moldy lemons) causes markets to fail only if their mass is sufficiently large. We then show that a small mass of moldy lemons can lead to a large cascade of exits when buyers possess outside options. Finally, we show that more precise information about agents' types makes markets more prone to exit cascades. The model is general and does not rely on institution details or structure, and thus can be applied to many different markets and context.

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Herrington, Todd M., Jennifer J. Cheng und Emad N. Eskandar. „Mechanisms of deep brain stimulation“. Journal of Neurophysiology 115, Nr. 1 (01.01.2016): 19–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00281.2015.

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Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is widely used for the treatment of movement disorders including Parkinson's disease, essential tremor, and dystonia and, to a lesser extent, certain treatment-resistant neuropsychiatric disorders including obsessive-compulsive disorder. Rather than a single unifying mechanism, DBS likely acts via several, nonexclusive mechanisms including local and network-wide electrical and neurochemical effects of stimulation, modulation of oscillatory activity, synaptic plasticity, and, potentially, neuroprotection and neurogenesis. These different mechanisms vary in importance depending on the condition being treated and the target being stimulated. Here we review each of these in turn and illustrate how an understanding of these mechanisms is inspiring next-generation approaches to DBS.

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Naznin, Jobaida, Mohammad Fariduddin, Mashfiqul Hasan, Mohammad Atiqur-Rahman, Nusrat Sultana, Mohammad Anowar-Hossain, Sharmin Chowdhury und Muhammad Abul Hasanat. „A Hospital-Based Study of Iodine Nutrition Status of Breastfeeding Mothers in Bangladesh“. Journal of Thyroid Research 2019 (07.10.2019): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/9896159.

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Adequacy of iodine nutrition status in breastfeeding mothers is vital in preventing iodine deficiency disorder (IDD) in neonates and children. The aim of the study was to assess urinary iodine status in breastfeeding mothers attending Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU) hospital in Bangladesh. In this cross-sectional study carried out from January 2014 to January 2015, urinary iodine (UI; μgm/L) level of 266 mothers (age 26.6 ± 4.7 years (mean ± SD), exclusively breastfeeding: 132 and nonexclusively breastfeeding: 134), recruited on consecutive basis from BSMMU outdoor and indoor, were measured in spot urine following the wet digestion method. Median UI in the participants was 298.6 (interquartile range, IQR 206.6–454.9) μgm/L and only 6.4% lactating mother had low UI (i.e. <100 μgm/L). There was no difference of median UI in relation to exclusive or nonexclusive breast feeding, presence of goiter, parity, and age of breastfed baby (p=ns for all). But median UI was higher in older subjects (≥30 years vs. <30 years: 364.4 (228.4–529.9) vs. 283.7 (205.4–434.0); median (IQR) p=0.040)), with good socioeconomic condition (good vs. average or less: 328.2 (243.8–510.0) vs. 274.4 (200.0–433.3); median (IQR); p=0.020), and in those who are aware regarding the importance of iodine (aware vs. unaware: 316.6 (225.2–506.3) vs. 270.1 (196.0–407.2); median (IQR); p=0.018). The proportion of participants with UI < 100 μgm/L was similar in all the groups. Logistic regressions to predict deficient UI status revealed none of the variables to be an independent predictor. This study indicates that deficient iodine nutrition status in Bangladeshi breastfeeding mothers is not frequent at present.

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Gauchan, Eva. „Growth Parameters of Exclusively Breastfed versus Non-Exclusively Fed Infants in the First 5 Months of Life before Introduction of Semi-Solid Foods“. Birat Journal of Health Sciences 6, Nr. 1 (13.06.2021): 1330–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/bjhs.v6i1.37623.

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Introduction: Exclusive breast-feeding has many advantages over nonexclusive feeding; better growth and lower risks of infections being most important. The aim of this study was to find the hospital prevalence of exclusive breast-feeding, find any differences in growth and morbidity patterns in babies who were exclusively breast-fed as compared to those who were not. Methodology: This was a hospital-based cross-sectional study over a period of one year which enrolled infants 1.5 months, 2.5 months, 3.5 months and 5 months of age who were on exclusive breast-feeding or non-exclusive feeding and who had not been started on semi-solid foods. Growth and morbidity patterns were recorded. Statistical analysis was done by SPSS version 25. Continuous variables were reported as median [IQR] while categorical variables were reported as absolute number (%). Mann-Whitney U test and Chi-square test were used to find the level of significance respectively. Results: The hospital prevalence of exclusive breast-feeding was found to be 62%. Weight for age was significantly higher in infants who were on exclusive breast-feeding (p=<.05) at 1.5, 2.5 and 3.5 months of age. Similarly length for age was higher in infants at 1.5 months (p=.034) of age but there after no difference was seen. Undernutrition was seen in 5.5% of non-exclusively fed infants as compared to 0.9% of exclusively breast-fed babies (p=<.001). Illnesses like pneumonia, diarrhea, ear infection and urinary tract infection were seen more in infants who were on nonexclusive feeding as opposed to infants who were exclusively breast-fed (p=<.05). Conclusions: Exclusively breast-fed babies have betier growth in terms of weight and lesser morbidities as compared to those babies who are non-exclusively fed.

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Thomas-Orillard, M., B. Jeune und G. Cusset. „Drosophila-host genetic control of susceptibility to Drosophila C virus.“ Genetics 140, Nr. 4 (01.08.1995): 1289–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/140.4.1289.

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Abstract Interactions between Drosophila C virus (DCV) and its natural host, Drosophila melanogaster, were investigated using 15 geographical population samples infected by intraabdominal inoculation. These strains derived from natural populations of D. melanogaster differed in susceptibility to the DCVc. One strain was "partially tolerant". Isofemale lines obtained from one susceptible and one partially tolerant strain were studied. The partially tolerant phenotype was dominant, and there was no difference between F1 progeny of direct and reciprocal crosses. Analysis of F2 progeny showed that neither sex-linked genes nor maternal effects are involved in susceptibility to DCVc. The partially tolerant strain phenotype was dominant and segregated with chromosome III. Two nonexclusive hypotheses are proposed to explain chromosome III gene action.

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Senarath, Upul, Michael J. Dibley und Kingsley E. Agho. „Factors Associated With Nonexclusive Breastfeeding in 5 East and Southeast Asian Countries: A Multilevel Analysis“. Journal of Human Lactation 26, Nr. 3 (28.01.2010): 248–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0890334409357562.

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Bazzini, Doris G., und David R. Shaffer. „Resisting Temptation Revisited: Devaluation Versus Enhancement of an Attractive Suitor by Exclusive and Nonexclusive Daters“. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 25, Nr. 2 (Februar 1999): 162–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0146167299025002003.

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Bost, Bruno, Dominique de Vienne, Frédéric Hospital, Laurence Moreau und Christine Dillmann. „Genetic and Nongenetic Bases for the L-Shaped Distribution of Quantitative Trait Loci Effects“. Genetics 157, Nr. 4 (01.04.2001): 1773–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/157.4.1773.

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Abstract The L-Shaped distribution of estimated QTL effects (R2) has long been reported. We recently showed that a metabolic mechanism could account for this phenomenon. But other nonexclusive genetic or nongenetic causes may contribute to generate such a distribution. Using analysis and simulations of an additive genetic model, we show that linkage disequilibrium between QTL, low heritability, and small population size may also be involved, regardless of the gene effect distribution. In addition, a comparison of the additive and metabolic genetic models revealed that estimates of the QTL effects for traits proportional to metabolic flux are far less robust than for additive traits. However, in both models the highest R2's repeatedly correspond to the same set of QTL.

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Raj, Yashaswi, und Rajat Sharma. „Snake Game Using Hand Recognition System“. International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, Nr. 5 (31.05.2022): 1289–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.42523.

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Abstract: This paper presents engineering and execution nuances of a hand's movement furthermore motion acknowledgment framework which has been created at Meerut Institute of Engineering and Technology. The framework utilizes live 15-piece shading video from an arranged camera, runs in genuine time (On a DEC Alpha, 25 edges per second), and adapts well to foundation mess. Following is accomplished utilizing the 2D deformable Active Shape Models (savvy snakes), what's more a genetic calculation is utilized to play out an underlying worldwide picture search. The Point Distribution Model, which was used for both the snakes and the hereditary calculations, is a nonexclusive and extensible model that can be used to follow any 2D deformable object. Keywords: OpenCv, Feature tracking, Saavy Snakes, Genetic Algorithm, Lightning issues.

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Hartson, Steven D., Angela D. Irwin, Jieya Shao, Bradley T. Scroggins, Lenora Volk, Wenjun Huang und Robert L. Matts. „p50cdc37Is a Nonexclusive Hsp90 Cohort Which Participates Intimately in Hsp90-Mediated Folding of Immature Kinase Molecules†“. Biochemistry 39, Nr. 25 (Juni 2000): 7631–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bi000315r.

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47

Omair sohail ahmed, Mohammed Abdul Ali, Omer wasiq, Syed Mujtaba Pasha, Mohammed Mukaram und Mohammed Abdul Aala. „A study on prescribing trends in respiratory tract infections in a tertiary care hospital“. International Journal of Research in Hospital and Clinical Pharmacy 1, Nr. 2 (03.04.2019): 50–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.33974/ijrhcp.v1i2.55.

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The drug utilization pattern of respiratory tract infections to assess the rational prescribing pattern at tertiary care teaching hospital, endorsing drugs by mark names may undermine a portion of the objectives of fundamental solution idea. Recommending by nonexclusive name causes the clinic drug store to have a superior stock control. This will likewise assist the drug store with purchasing drugs on contract premise, as the quantity of brands is less, in this manner decreasing the perplexity among drug specialists while apportioning. Bland medications are regularly more temperate than the marked ones. With respect to recommending of FDCs, Potential points of interest of FDC's incorporate lessened reactions, expanded patient consistence, cooperative energy and expanded adequacy and decreased cost, potential impediments incorporate unbendable settled measurements proportion, contrary pharmacokinetics, expanded harmfulness, doctor and drug specialist's obliviousness.

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Ranque, Christopher L., Carol Stroble, Matthew J. Amicucci, Diane Tu, Aly Diana, Sofa Rahmannia, Aghnia Husnayiani Suryanto et al. „Examination of Carbohydrate Products in Feces Reveals Potential Biomarkers Distinguishing Exclusive and Nonexclusive Breastfeeding Practices in Infants“. Journal of Nutrition 150, Nr. 5 (13.02.2020): 1051–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jn/nxaa028.

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ABSTRACT Background The stable isotope deuterium dose-to-mother (DTM) technique to estimate nonbreast milk water intake demonstrates that maternal self-report methods of infant feeding overestimate the true prevalence of exclusively breastfeeding practices. Objective We aimed to determine potential monosaccharide and oligosaccharide markers that distinguish between exclusively breastfed (EBF) versus nonexclusively breastfed (non-EBF) infants utilizing LC-MS-based methods. Methods Data for the analysis were collected as part of a larger, longitudinal study of 192 breastfed Indonesian infants aged 2 mo and followed up at 5 mo. Feces samples were collected from infants aged 2 mo (n = 188) and 5 mo (n = 184). EBF and non-EBF strata at each time point were determined via the DTM technique. Feces samples were analyzed to determine monosaccharide content using ultra-high-performance LC-triple quadrupole MS (UHPLC-QqQ MS). Relative abundances of fecal oligosaccharides were determined using nano-LC-Chip-quadrupole time-of-flight MS (nano-LC-Chip-Q-ToF MS). Results At age 2 mo, monosaccharide analysis showed the abundance of fructose and mannose were significantly higher (+377% and +388%, respectively) in non-EBF compared with EBF infants (P <0.0001). Fructose and mannose also showed good discrimination with areas under the curve (AUC) of 0.86 and 0.82, respectively. Oligosaccharide analysis showed that a 6-hexose (Hex6) isomer had good discrimination (AUC = 0.80) between EBF and non-EBF groups at 5 mo. Conclusion Carbohydrate products, particularly fecal mono- and oligosaccharides, differed between EBF and non-EBF infants aged under 6 mo and can be used as potential biomarkers to distinguish EBF versus non-EBF feeding practices.

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Walid, Md Al. „Sexual Fluidity in Mohsin Hamid’s Exit West“. Journal of Critical Studies in Language and Literature 2, Nr. 1 (26.12.2020): 13–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.46809/jcsll.v2i1.48.

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Exit West by Mohsin Hamid propagates the reflection of a war-torn city and subsequent challenges faced by two asylum seekers. But sexual fluidity may appear as another key concern of the novel. This paper analyses the traits of sexual fluidity in Nadia, one of the protagonists of the novel experimenting her situation-dependent flexibility in sexual responsiveness. Nadia, in the beginning, is though found as a heterosexual adult girl, over time she becomes sexually fluid. Again, in the last phase of her life, she returns to meet Saeed, her first noteworthy lover with whom she shares the most crucial part of her life in home and abroad. This shifting of sexual attraction elevates questions about her sex/sexual preference broadly considering the concept of nonexclusive attractions and behaviours. Finally the paper comes to a decision how different concepts of sexuality are motivated by cultural, biological, and psychological constructs.

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Maydell, Niklas. „Lost in Exclusivity: Implied Non–exclusive External Competences in Community Law“. European Foreign Affairs Review 13, Issue 4 (01.12.2008): 493–513. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/eerr2008037.

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Implied non–exclusive competences empower the Community to conclude international agreements and, if such power is used, forestall Member States from acting. With the focus in this field rather on the more momentous category of implied exclusive competences, the very existence of such competences has either been disputed or has been confirmed without further specification. The authors show that, after inconsistent early case law, matters have been clarified by the Lugano Opinion of the European Court of Justice. As a consequence, it is argued for the facilitation test as criterion for the coming into existence of implied nonexclusive competences and yardsticks for its application are suggested. In this context, the authors observe striking analogies to the case law on the delimitation of competences between the pillars. Finally, past and future implications for treaty–making practice are explored, among others by topical example of the Minimum Platform on Investment.

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