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1
Kentridge, William. William Kentridge: Black box = Chambre noire. Berlin: Deutsche Guggenheim, 2005.
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Kentridge, William. William Kentridge: Black box/Chambre noire. New York: Guggenheim Museum, 2006.
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Maria-Christina, Villaseñor, und Deutsche Guggenheim Berlin, Hrsg. William Kentridge: Black box/Chambre noire. New York: Guggenheim Museum, 2005.
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Kok, Gemma. Play (Printed in black and White). Lulu Press, Inc., 2008.
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5
Martin, Lori Latrice. White Sports/Black Sports. ABC-CLIO, LLC, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798216035329.
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The racial makeup of sports in the United States serves as a classic example of racism in the 21st century. This book examines the racial disparities in sports and the continuing significance of race in 21st-century America, debunking the myth of a “postracial society.” Sports can serve as an inspirational example of what can be achieved through hard work and perseverance, regardless of one's race. However, there is plenty of evidence that race still plays a major role in sports, and that sports are key agents of racial socialization. White Sports/Black Sports: Racial Disparities in Athletic Programs challenges the idea that America has moved beyond racial discrimination and identifies the obvious and subtle ways in which racial identities and athletic determinism affect non-white individuals in the world of sports. Author Lori Latrice Martin gives readers a keen awareness of the issues, allowing them to see the links between sports and society as a whole and to perceive that the issues surrounding racism in sports impact people in every realm of life and are not limited to the playing field. She discusses how the media acts as an agent of racial socialization in sports, documents how historical stereotypes of minorities still exist, and looks closely at racial socialization in sports, including basketball, baseball, and football, exposing how blacks remained under-represented in most sports, especially among front office administrators, owners, coaches, and managers. This work serves undergraduate and graduate students in the social sciences to enhance their understanding of minority and majority group relationships and appeals to general readers interested in the history of race and sports in America.
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Mitchell, Koritha. The Black Soldier. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252036491.003.0004.
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This chapter examines together the first two one-act lynching plays to appear in periodicals. These scripts' presence in the archive offers access to the playwrights' willingness to maximize periodical culture and the diversity of perspectives encouraged by it. Dramatic revisions of Grimke's Rachel began with Alice Dunbar-Nelson's Mine Eyes Have Seen, a play that compares lynching to black military service in World War I. This 1918 one-act soon inspired Mary Burrill's similarly themed script, Aftermath, published in 1919. Heated debate drives the action of both plays, prompting honest, painful conversation in black communities not unlike that among the characters. The plays question to varying degrees black patriotism in a country that tolerates lynching, but they equally underscore the importance of the black soldier.
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Jones, D. Marvin. Fear of a Hip-Hop Planet. ABC-CLIO, LLC, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798400650222.
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Is Gangsta Rap just black noise? Or does it play the same role for urban youth that CNN plays in mainstream America? This provocative set of essays tells us how Gangsta Rap is a creative "report" about an urban crisis, our new American dilemma, and why we need to listen. Increasingly, police, politicians, and late-night talk show hosts portray today's inner cities as violent, crime-ridden war zones. The same moral panic that once focused on blacks in general has now been refocused on urban spaces and the black men who live there, especially those wearing saggy pants and hoodies. The media always spotlights the crime and violence, but rarely gives airtime to the conditions that produced these problems. The dominant narrative holds that the cause of the violence is the pathology of ghetto culture. Hip-hop music is at the center of this conversation. When 16-year-old Chicago youth Derrion Albert was brutally killed by gang members, many blamed rap music. Thus hip-hop music has been demonized not merely as black noise but as a root cause of crime and violence. Fear of a Hip-Hop Planet: America's New Dilemma explores—and demystifies—the politics in which the gulf between the inner city and suburbia have come to signify not only a socio-economic dividing line, but a new socio-cultural divide as well.
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Martin, Lori Latrice, Kenneth J. Fasching-Varner und Nicholas D. Hartlep. Pay to Play. Praeger, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798400695728.
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This book advances the debate about paying "student" athletes in big-time college sports by directly addressing the red-hot role of race in college sports. It concludes by suggesting a remedy to positively transform college sports. Top-tier college sports are extremely profitable. Despite the billions of dollars involved in the amateur sports industrial complex, none winds up in the hands of the athletes. The controversies surrounding whether colleges and universities should pay athletes to compete on these educational institutions' behalf is longstanding and coincides with the rise of the black athlete at predominately white colleges and universities. Pay to Play: Race and the Perils of the College Sports Industrial Complex takes a hard look at historical and contemporary efforts to control sports participation and compensation for black athletes in amateur sports in general, and in big-time college sports programs, in particular. The book begins with background on the history of amateur athletics in America, including the forced separation of black and white athletes. Subsequent sections examine subjects such as the integration of college sports and the use of black athletes to sell everything from fast food to shoes, and argue that college athletes must receive adequate compensation for their labor. The book concludes by discussing recent efforts by college athletes to unionize and control their likenesses, presenting a provocative remedy for transforming big-time college sport as we know it.
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Gibson, James L., und Michael Nelson. Black and Blue. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190865214.001.0001.
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It is not hyperbole to proclaim that a crisis of legal legitimacy exists in the relationships between African Americans and the law and legal authorities and institutions that govern them. However, this legitimacy deficit has largely (but not exclusively) been documented through anecdotal evidence and a steady drumbeat of journalistic reports, but not rigorous scientific research. We posit that both experiences and in-group identities are commanding because they influence the ways in which black people process information, and in particular, the ways in which blacks react to the symbols of legal authority (e.g., judges’ robes). Based on two nationally-representative samples, this book ties together four dominant theories of public opinion: Legitimacy Theory, Social Identity Theory, theories of adulthood political socialization and learning through experience, and information processing theories, especially the Theory of Motivated Reasoning and theories of System 1 and System 2 information processing. Our findings reveal a gaping chasm in legal legitimacy between black and white Americans. More importantly, black people themselves differ in their legal legitimacy. Group identities and experiences with legal authorities play a crucial role in shaping whether and how black people extend legitimacy to the legal institutions that so much affect them.
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Stern, Tiffany. Early Modern Tragedy and Performance. Herausgegeben von Michael Neill und David Schalkwyk. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198724193.013.30.
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When early modern plays were staged with black curtains, ‘tragedy’ began the moment the audience entered a playhouse. ‘Tragedy’, then, did not always need to be part of a play’s content: it could be a look, an atmosphere, a theatrical mood. This chapter explores ‘tragedy’ as a kind of performance as well as a kind of drama. Considering ‘tragic’ staging, ‘tragic’ ways of walking (‘strutting’, ‘jetting’, and ‘stalking’), ‘tragic’ ways of speaking (‘ranting’ and ‘canting’ in a tragic ‘tone’ or ‘key’), and the presentation of tragic passions, the chapter argues that Shakespeare’s consciousness of staging dictates his choice of metaphor and symbol. Enacted tragedy, it suggests, helped form Shakespeare’s tragic sensibility.
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Braxton, Gordon. Empowering Black Boys to Challenge Rape Culture. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197571675.001.0001.
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Gordon Braxton was in his third year of college before anybody bothered to speak to him about sexual violence, this despite the fact that he already knew friends and family members who had survived a sexual assault. Gordon now knows that he was not alone, as his talks with boys are often the first and only opportunities that they have to discuss their views on sexual violence and what role they might play in preventing it. These isolated conversations are not enough to change an entire culture. This book supports the training of a rising generation by providing commentary from an experienced educator, an overview of existing research and preventive techniques, and insight into young men’s perspectives on violence. The resultant crash course on violence prevention is the first to focus on Black boys and to be written by a Black male author. The most important lesson that boys have to learn is that they have an essential role to play in preventing sexual violence. So many of them accept this violence as beyond their control when they could be valuable agents of change. More and more parents and mentors of boys are coming to address sexual violence as a cultural problem rather than representing the activities of isolated social deviants. Empowering Black Boys to Challenge Rape Culture stands to help America as it comes to the realization that sexual violence can be prevented and that a rising generation of boys will play a part in realizing a nonviolent future.
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Martin, Lori Latrice. White Sports/Black Sports. 2. Aufl. Bloomsbury Publishing Plc, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798765110881.
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Sports can serve as an inspirational example of what can be achieved through hard work and perseverance, regardless of one’s race. However, there is plenty of evidence that race still plays a major role in sports, and that sports are key agents of racial socialization. This new edition challenges the idea that America has moved beyond racial discrimination, and identifies the obvious and subtle ways in which racial identities and athletic determinism affect individuals in the world of sports. Featuring a new chapter covering the history of Black athletes in college sports and the historic and contemporary role of the NCAA, and including 40% revised material covering major events and players since 2015, Lori Martin’s influential text continues to gives readers a keen awareness of these ongoing issues. This book makes clear the links between sports and society as a whole, and demonstrates that the issues surrounding racism in sports impact people in every realm of life and are not limited to the playing field.
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Brown, Ruth Nicole. Tiara. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252037979.003.0002.
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This chapter features a scene from a play entitled Endangered Black Girls (EBG), based on the lived experiences of Black girls the author has worked with in an after-school program (not SOLHOT) and has learned about through news stories. Theorizing the process of writing and performing EBG on through to subsequent productions made possible only because of the show's original cast, this chapter illustrates how creative means of expression make it possible to fully capture the complexities of Black girlhood and that attending to the complexities of Black girlhood is necessary to affirm Black girls' daily lives. Importantly, performances of EBG generated new ideas for ways Black women and girls could be present with each other, and the play was a primary catalyst for suggesting and co-organizing Saving Our Lives Hear Our Truths (SOLHOT) as transformative collective and creative work.
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Moreno, James. Brown in Black and White. Herausgegeben von Rebekah J. Kowal, Gerald Siegmund und Randy Martin. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199928187.013.60.
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In 1956, the Mexican American modern dance choreographer José Limón presented The Emperor Jones, an all-male dance based on the 1920 Eugene O’Neill play. Limón’s Emperor loosely follows the plot of O’Neill’s play, which famously tells the story of an African American Pullman porter who makes himself emperor of a “West Indies” island. To portray O’Neill’s characters, Limón put himself and his all-male cast in black body paint. Limón’s painted body is examined as three bodies: a brown Mexican body; a white “American” body (with the privilege to represent the Other); and the black body of the Brutus Jones character. Focusing on Limón’s homosocial casting, performance techniques, and engagement with minstrelsy, this article shows how Limón’s freedom to dance as a brown, black, and white body did not reveal the decline of raced and gendered borders, but rather their resilient presence as part of the field on which his dances were produced.
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Stillion Southard, Bjørn F. Peculiar Rhetoric. University Press of Mississippi, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.14325/mississippi/9781496823694.001.0001.
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The African colonization movement plays a peculiar role in the study of racial equality in the United States. For white colonizationists, the movement was positioned as a compromise between slavery and abolition. For free blacks, colonization offered the hope of freedom, but not within America’s borders. Bjørn F. Stillion Southard shows how politics and identity were negotiated in middle of the public discourse on race, slavery, and freedom in America. Operating from a position of relative power, white advocates argued that colonization was worthy of support from the federal government. Stillion Southard analyzes the speeches of Henry Clay, Elias B. Caldwell, and Abraham Lincoln as efforts to engage with colonization at the level of deliberation. Between Clay and Caldwell’s speeches at the founding of the American Colonization Society in 1816 and Lincoln’s final public effort to encourage colonization in 1862, Stillion Southard explores the speeches and writings of free blacks who grappled with colonization’s conditional promises of freedom. The book examines an array of discourses to explore the complex issues of identity facing free blacks who attempted to meaningfully engage in colonization efforts. From a peculiarly voiced Counter Memorial against the ACS, to the letters of wealthy black merchant Louis Sheridan negotiating for his passage to Liberia, to the civically-minded orations of Hilary Teage in Liberia, Peculiar Rhetoric brings into light the intricacies of blacks who attempted to meaningfully engage in colonization.
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Nathan, Marco J. Black Boxes. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190095482.001.0001.
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Textbooks and other popular venues commonly present science as a progressive “brick-by-brick” accumulation of knowledge and facts. Despite its hallowed history and familiar ring, this depiction is nowadays rejected by most specialists. Then why are books and articles, written by these same experts, actively promoting such a distorted characterization? The short answer is that no better alternative is available. There currently are two competing models of the scientific enterprise: reductionism and antireductionism. Neither provides an accurate depiction of the productive interaction between knowledge and ignorance, supplanting the old metaphor of the “wall” of knowledge. This book explores an original conception of the nature and advancement of science. The proposed shift brings attention to a prominent, albeit often neglected, construct—the black box—which underlies a well-oiled technique for incorporating a productive role of ignorance and failure into the acquisition of empirical knowledge. What is a black box? How does it work? How is it constructed? How does one determine what to include and what to leave out? What role do boxes play in contemporary scientific practice? By detailing some fascinating episodes in the history of biology, psychology, and economics, Nathan revisits foundational questions about causation, explanation, emergence, and progress, showing how the insights of both reductionism and antireductionism can be reconciled into a fresh and exciting approach to science.
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Glover, Eric M. African American Perspectives in Musical Theatre. Bloomsbury Publishing Plc, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9781350247741.
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From Pauline Elizabeth Hopkins's 1879 musical Peculiar Sam to Lynn Nottage's 2021 musical MJ, the 'Black musical' does not get the credit it deserves for sustaining the genre we know and love. This introductory book is devoted to representative African-American perspectives in musical theatre from the literature of slavery and freedom, 1746-1865, to the contemporary period, offering the reader case studies of what the 'Black musical' is, how it works, and why it matters. Based on Glover's experience teaching Black musical theatre at a conservatory and in the liberal arts, he draws his close readings of Eubie Blake, Pauline Elizabeth Hopkins, and Charlie Smalls from theory and practice. Moreover, Glover investigates how the ballet, the musical comedy, the opera, the play with music, and the revue are similar and different narrative sub-genres. Finally, the book reflect on issues such as blackface minstrelsy, "the Chitlin Circuit", non-traditional casting, and yellowface. Published in the Topics in Musical Theatre series, this short book gives the reader new ways of seeing the aesthetically and politically capacious category of Black musical theatre from an anti-racist approach.
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Williams, Erica Lorraine. Tourist Tales and Erotic Adventures. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252037931.003.0005.
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This chapter examines the motivations, experiences, and subjectivities of sex tourists in Salvador by considering the experiences of a young white heterosexual male sex tourist from New York and an African American man who is not a sex tourist but who provides insights into the imagination of Brazilian women as exotic and hypersexual. More specifically, the chapter asks how sex tourists understand and articulate their racialized desires, how the tourist experience is characterized by liminality, and how the desire for “touristic intimacy” plays out in Salvador's touristscape. Drawing on the stories of the two men, the chapter shows how discourses of black hypersexuality circulate both in Brazilian sex tourism and in the transnational tourism industry. In particular, the (imagined) hypersexuality of Brazilian women of African descent plays an important role in the experiences of foreign tourists, regardless of whether or not they actually have sex with Brazilian women.
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Cooper, Brittney C. The Problems and Possibilities of the Negro Woman Intellectual. University of Illinois Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252040993.003.0006.
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This chapter returns to the question of what it means to be a Black woman intellectual by interrogating the claims in an article in Ebony Magazine in 1966 called “Problems of the Negro Woman Intellectual.” Given the ferment of racial crises in the 1960s, this chapter argues that much like the transitional period of the 1890s, the transition from Civil Rights to Black Power was marked by a tension over the roles that Black women would play, not only as political activists, but as intellectual leaders. Thus Harold Cruse’s Crisis of the Negro Intellectual erased a long and significant history of Black women’s intellectual labor in order to sustain his narrative of racial crisis. What really seems to be in crisis are the terms of Black masculinity. Cooper reads Toni Cade Bambara’s book of essays The Black Woman as a critical corrective to Cruse’s assertions because The Black Woman presses the case for Black women’s centrality as thought leaders and public intellectuals in racial justice struggles, and Bambara and her comrades approach the same political moment as an opportunity for creativity around the articulation of new modes of what she terms “Blackhood” rather than embracing the narrative of crisis. This chapter makes clear that the struggle to be known and to have the range of Black women’s experiences properly articulated in the public sphere is a recurring struggle for Black women thinkers. At the same time, these women engage in a range of creative practices to make Black women’s lives legible in public discourse.
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Votava, Jennie M. Shakespeare’s Histories on Screen. Bloomsbury Publishing Plc, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9781350326675.
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Bringing together two growing bodies of work – early modern race scholarship and adaptation theory –this volume articulates the centrality of race and its intersections with other identity categories in the contemporary adapted Shakespearean history play. By considering questions of race, ethnicity, gender, sexuality, disability and class, it investigates the English histories’ ongoing and shifting contributions to ideas about nationhood in both the United Kingdom and the United States, where Shakespeare’s persistent cultural capital plays an increasingly ambivalent role. The book begins by examining two 21st-century adaptations of the Henriad that intentionally engage contemporary identity politics through cross-racial casting – the BBC miniseries, The Hollow Crown (2012, 2016) and Lennix, Quinn, and Thompson’s all-Black Henry IV conflation, the film H4 (2012). In these works, adaptation itself becomes a means of interrogating Shakespeare’s relationship to race as well as to other axes of power and difference. From these, the author turns to reassess the past and present cultural implications of history adaptations from the Shakespearean box office boom of the 1990s, when casting actors of colour in cinematic Shakespeare first became a conscious concern alongside more overt engagements with class, queer sexuality and disability. The conclusion explores how digital culture’s responses to non-traditional Shakespearean casting practices are shaping constructions of race and its intersections on both sides of the Atlantic.
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Berrill, Andrew, und Pawan Gupta. General principles of regional anaesthesia. Herausgegeben von Philip M. Hopkins. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199642045.003.0052.
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Regional anaesthesia is now extremely safe in experienced hands. The vast majority of upper and lower limb procedures can now be performed with either a peripheral regional block alone or in combination with a general anaesthetic. Neuraxial blocks can provide reliable postoperative pain relief for operations on the trunk and lower limbs. There is no consensus on the maximum safe dose of local anaesthetics. It is important therefore to use a minimum optimal dose of a local anaesthetic for any nerve block to reduce the risk of toxicity and to improve the success rate. Adjuncts, such as clonidine and dexamethasone, can prolong the duration of the block. Advances in nerve localization methods and block needles have further improved the safety of nerve blocks. There is increasing evidence to show that ultrasound is superior to peripheral nerve stimulation for identifying nerves. Ultrasound also helps in real-time visualization of the spread of the local anaesthetic. Consent, sedation, and support from non-anaesthetic staff play a key role in the success of regional anaesthesia, especially in awake patients. Although serious complications from nerve blocks are uncommon, direct nerve injury is perhaps the most serious complication. Fortunately, these symptoms in the overwhelming majority resolve within a year. This chapter covers the history, factors affecting local anaesthetics, role of adjuncts, nerve localization techniques, and complications of regional anaesthesia. Finally, some suggestions to improve the success and safety of peripheral nerve blocks are discussed.
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Darko, Natalie. Engaging Black and Minority Ethnic Groups in Health Research. Policy Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781447359128.001.0001.
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Recently, there has been a surge of interest in addressing ethnic health inequalities. However, there are misconceptions about Black and Minority Ethnic (BME) groups that focus on them as being hard to reach and difficult to engage in health services and research. This term is used routinely across all sectors of society. However, what is apparent is that they are “not hard to reach”, but rather health services and research “are not reaching” them, by assuming that health and health practices are experienced equally and services are effective for all. This publication illustrates how this term plays a debilitating role in problematising BME people. It is argued that we need to shift away from the using this term because it contributes to exclusionary practices and has implications for escalating inequalities in health and healthcare access for BME groups. The chapters in this book explore some of the exclusionary practices that occur in health research and practice and provides guidance for practitioners and researchers on how to avoid misconceptions about BME groups. Chapter 1, outlines understandings of key concepts and misconceptions about terms such as race and ethnicity. Chapter 2, explores the relationship between race, ethnicity and health and examines why ethnic health inequalities are occurring. Chapter 3, focuses on how we can improve research in this field to advance inclusionary practice. In the remaining chapters, principles of good practice and how to implement them by means of real research examples from the field are presented.
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Maguire, Laurie. The Rhetoric of the Page. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198862109.001.0001.
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This book explores blank space in early modern printed books; it addresses physical blank space (from missing words to vacant pages) as well as the concept of the blank. It is a book about typographical marks, readerly response, and editorial treatment. It is a story of the journey from incunabula to Google books, told through the signifiers of blank space: empty brackets, dashes, the et cetera, the asterisk. It is about the semiotics of print and about the social anthropology of reading. The book explores blank space as an extension of Elizabethan rhetoric with readers learning to interpret the mise-en-page as part of a text’s persuasive tactics. It looks at blanks as creators of both anxiety and of opportunity, showing how readers respond to what is not there and how writers come to anticipate that response. Each chapter focuses on one typographical form of what is not there on the page: physical gaps (Chapter 1), the &c (Chapter 2) and the asterisk (Chapter 3). The Epilogue uncovers the rich metaphoric life of these textual phenomena and the ways in which Elizabethan printers experimented with typographical features as they considered how to turn plays into print.
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Hanlon, Robert T. Block by Block: The Historical and Theoretical Foundations of Thermodynamics. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198851547.001.0001.
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At the heart of many fields—physics, chemistry, engineering—lays thermodynamics. While this science plays a critical role in determining the boundary between what is and is not possible in the natural world, it occurs to many as an indecipherable black box, thus making the subject a challenge to learn. Two obstacles contribute to this situation, the first being the disconnect between the fundamental theories and the underlying physics and the second being the confusing concepts and terminologies involved with the theories. While one needn’t confront either of these two obstacles to successfully use thermodynamics to solve real problems, overcoming both provides access to a greater intuitive sense of the problems and more confidence, more strength, and more creativity in solving them. Success in this regard necessarily involves learning both the science and the history that led to the science. The two were intertwined during the evolution of thermodynamics and are thus likewise intertwined in this book.With this book I offer an original perspective on thermodynamic science and history based on standing at the interface between three worlds: practicing engineer, academician, and historian. I synthesize and gather into one accessible volume a strategic range of foundational topics involving the atomic theory, energy, entropy, and the laws of thermodynamics. For each topic I capture both the physical and historical underpinnings together with the human-interest stories as the hundreds of years of thermodynamic history are filled with many such stories. I share them to further engage, educate, and inspire the reader.
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Grinberg, Keila. A Black Jurist in a Slave Society. Übersetzt von Kristin M. McGuire. University of North Carolina Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5149/northcarolina/9781469652771.001.0001.
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Now in English for the first time, Keila Grinberg's compelling study of the nineteenth-century jurist Antonio Pereira Rebouças (1798–1880) traces the life of an Afro-Brazilian intellectual who rose from a humble background to play a key--and conflicted--role as Brazilians struggled to define citizenship and understand racial politics. One of the most prominent specialists in civil law of his time, Rebouças explained why blacks fought stridently for their own inclusion in society but also complicitly embraced an ethic of silence on race more broadly. Grinberg argues that while this silence was crucial for defining spaces of social mobility and respectability regardless of race, it was also stifling, and played an important role in quelling political mobilization based on racial identity. Rebouças’s commitment to liberal ideals also exemplifies the contradiction he embodied: though he rejected movements that were grounded in racial political mobilization, he was consistently treated as potentially dangerous for the single fact that he was of African origin. Grinberg demonstrates how Rebouças’s life and career—encompassing such themes as racial politics and identities, slavery and racism, and imperfect citizenship—are central for our understanding of Atlantic slave and post-abolition societies.
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Wright, Almeda M. Does God Care? Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190664732.003.0005.
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This chapter relates the work of young Black spoken word poets with Black liberationist, humanist, and Womanist religious scholars. It is easier for many Black youth to have “no expectation” that God should work in their lives than to wrestle with theodicy. This disconnection is reflected in youth performances of spoken word poetry, which invites their interpretations of overwhelming and absurd experiences of evil and suffering. The voices of young people in the heart of urban communities (like, but also beyond Chicago) reflect a desire for change within their communities and a condemnation of the role of political or religious leaders—or even God—in bringing that change to fruition. The young poets advance fierce correctives to many African American religious and scholarly attempts at making sense of evil and suffering in the presence of God. Nonetheless, Christian communities have a role to play in helping youth counter fragmented spirituality.
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Lyla & Lyla & Lou. Oh Happy Day! Daily Plans and To-Do's: Undated Daily Timed to-Do List and Planner - Black and White Stripes with Neon Colors. Independently Published, 2021.
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Thurman, Kira. Singing Like Germans. Cornell University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9781501759840.001.0001.
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This book tells the sweeping story of Black musicians in German-speaking Europe over more than a century. The book brings to life the incredible musical interactions and transnational collaborations among people of African descent and white Germans and Austrians. It explores how people reinforced or challenged racial identities in the concert hall. Throughout the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, audiences assumed the categories of Blackness and Germanness were mutually exclusive. Yet on attending a performance of German music by a Black musician, many listeners were surprised to discover that German identity is not a biological marker but something that could be learned, performed, and mastered. While Germans and Austrians located their national identity in music, championing composers such as Bach, Beethoven, and Brahms as national heroes, the performance of their works by Black musicians complicated the public's understanding of who had the right to play them. Audiences wavered between seeing these musicians as the rightful heirs of Austro-German musical culture and dangerous outsiders to it. The book explores the tension between the supposedly transcendental powers of classical music and the global conversations that developed about who could perform it. It suggests that listening to music is not a passive experience, but an active process where racial and gendered categories are constantly made and unmade.
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Wright, Almeda M. Introduction. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190664732.003.0001.
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Young African Americans regularly experience racism, poverty, sexism, violence, and other affronts to their humanity. Though they are often highly active and vocal contributors to their churches, schools, and neighborhood communities, they are often silent about the possibility of God working to address the injustices in their lives. The disconnection between the issues young people face, their community involvement, and their conceptions of God point toward the pervasiveness of “fragmented” spirituality among African American youth. Spiritual fragmentation does not necessarily inhibit healthy development or functioning. However, the African American community and church are at risk if they fail to challenge the myth that the personal and the communal or the spiritual and political are in fact disconnected. But why are African American Christian adolescents experiencing spiritual fragmentation? Is spiritual fragmentation symptomatic of an irreparable chasm between the Black church and Black youth? Or are there other factors at play?
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Tierney, G. Characters I Had to Make up When My Players Derailed the Plot: Non Play Character Record for Use with Fantasy Style Roleplay Games. 120 Pages Black Ad Gold Effect Cover. Independently Published, 2021.
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Van Den Bos, Kees. Rigidity of Thoughts. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190657345.003.0007.
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Rigidity of thoughts or “cognitive rigidity” is an important component of how radical people reason, perhaps even more so than is commonly realized. Black-and-white thinking or rigidity of human thoughts manifests itself in different ways. Chapter 7 examines how people can be tempted to become rigid in their solving of various non-social tasks, how social rigidity can play up in people’s personal beliefs and their need for social structure, how rigidity is related to people’s need to shield themselves from unwanted thoughts and their need to know and understand things, sometimes culminating in illusions of, and how all this can culminate in rigid radicalization. The chapter also discusses how radical thinking may lead to radical doing.
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Lane, Jeffrey. Introduction to the Digital Street. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199381265.003.0001.
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The first chapter introduces the concept of the digital street. The author argues that a digital form of street life plays out alongside the neighborhood on social media. The author discusses how the traditional boundaries of street life and the street code in particular have shifted as neighborhood space extends online. Black and Latino teenagers now experience their neighborhood differently from previous generations. The author explains the fieldwork this book is based upon. The author describes meeting “Pastor” and becoming an outreach worker in his peace ministry and then taking on additional roles online and offline with teenagers and concerned adults. This introductory chapter also gives background on access to smartphones and the Internet. A brief description of the contents of each chapter and the order of the chapters is provided.
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Bonnet, Francis, Marc E. Gentili und Christophe Aveline. Post-surgical analgesia and acute pain management. Herausgegeben von Jonathan G. Hardman. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199642045.003.0046.
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Postoperative and acute pain remains uncontrolled in many instances, leading to the risk of development of chronic pain syndromes. After tissue damage, activation of postsynaptic NMDA receptors, also induced by opioid administration, plays a key role in postoperative pain sensitization, allodynia, and hyperalgesia. Pain intensity may depend on sex, age, anxiety, and genetic factors but in clinical practice, surgical procedure is the main determinant of pain, although pain may vary from one patient to one another. Serial pain measurements are mandatory to assess pain intensity and to guide pain treatment. They are based on unidimensional simple pain scales. Multimodal analgesia combining opioid and non-opioid agent and regional block or infiltration is the rule postoperatively, although evidence is sometimes lacking to support all the combinations commonly used. Opioids should be used on demand while other agents are administered systematically. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs decrease opioid demand as well as paracetamol although to a less extend. Antihyperalgesic agents including NMDA blockers (ketamine) and α2-δ ligands (gabapentin, pregabalin) have an opioid-sparing effect and may prevent the occurrence of chronic pain syndrome after surgery. Regional blocks and infiltration provide good quality analgesia but the balance between advantages and drawbacks of central block need to be evaluated carefully for each surgical procedure.
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Ware, Susan. 2. Freedom’s ferment, 1750–1848. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/actrade/9780199328338.003.0003.
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‘Freedom's ferment, 1750–1848’ asks what slavery meant for women, white and black. What would it take to win the freedom of both slaves and women, and who would plead their cause? It describes the story of Sally Hemings, a slave in the household of Thomas Jefferson who went on to bear his children. The American Revolution did not radically reshape women's lives, especially when it came to political rights and legal status, but it did provide openings, especially for elite white women, to play larger roles in the new democracy. Women increased participation in religious benevolence, antislavery activism, and women's rights. It also saw the resumption of an expansive westward movement of peoples.
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Gibson, Roy K. Man of High Empire. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199948192.001.0001.
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Pliny the Younger (c. 60–112 CE)—senator and consul in the Rome of Domitian and Trajan, eyewitness to the eruption of Vesuvius in 79 CE, early ‘persecutor’ of Christians on the Black Sea—remains the best documented Roman individual, other than emperors, between Cicero and Augustine. Standard biographical approaches rarely suit him. But no Roman writer, not even Vergil, ties his identity to the regions of Italy more successfully than Pliny. His individuality can be captured by focusing on the range of locales in which he lived, including Comum, Umbria and Rome. What is Pliny’s attachment or relationship to a region? What is his persona, and what does he do there? What does he see, or not see, in a landscape or its inhabitants? Why does he play Comum up or play Umbria down? A strong thread of linear narration is maintained. In his youth Pliny spent a period of time on the bay of Naples alongside his famous uncle, the Elder Pliny, author of the Natural History. It was while here he witnessed the catastrophe of 79. Pliny spent the last years of his life as governor in the province of Pontus-Bithynia in northwest Turkey, in a landscape and political milieu quite different from the one he had known in Italy. Four figures from the classical past, present, and future accompany Pliny: Cicero, Tacitus, Epictetus, and Augustine.
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Gardner, Colin. Louis Malle’s Kleistian War Machine: Becoming-Animal, Becoming-Woman, Becoming-Imperceptible in Black Moon (1975). Edinburgh University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474422734.003.0005.
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Framed through an analysis of Kleist’s molecular war machine in his play, Penthesilea, in which Achilles and Penthesilea form a new assemblage of affective war, this chapter explores Louis Malle’s Black Moon (1975) where the battle of the sexes becomes the catalyst for a new series of becomings. The film takes the form of a waking dream as a teenage fugitive, Lily is led through a series of depersonalized movements by a unicorn to a secluded Dordogne farm where Kleist’s utopian “mad duality” is manifested though a strange, non-Oedipal family dynamic in which a mute brother and his sheep-herding sister – both also called Lily – live with a group of naked children and a bedridden elderly woman whose companion is a talking rat and where the animals are treated as equal agencies in the narrative. Although by film’s end Brother and Sister Lily become caught up in the ravages of a gender war, teenage Lily inherits this ‘deterritorialized velocity of affect’ by adopting the role of the breastfeeding mother to the unicorn, all in relation to the becoming multiplicity of the pack: in short, a true war machine that envelops both protagonists and spectators alike in a transformed zone of indiscernibility.
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Bauman, Thomas. The New Pekin. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252038365.003.0003.
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This chapter focuses on Robert T. Motts's conversion of the Pekin Theater to New Pekin after it was damaged by fire in January 1910. At the time of the fire the Pekin Temple of Music had already established itself as “a credit to the Negro race.” Motts saw rebuilding not only as necessary to “get under way again” but also as an opportunity to aim for something even higher. There were no more comparisons of the Pekin with beer gardens, cabarets, or cafés chantants, but rather with the best legitimate theaters that Chicago had to offer. At the New Pekin, Motts himself took over Will H. Smith's duties as general manager. Opening night on March 31 was a success. This chapter examines how the Pekin became a favored venue for black minstrelsy and considers the Pekin Stock Company's musical comedies, including Captain Rufus, a musical military play by J. Ed. Green and Alfred Anderson; it was also performed in New York City in August 1907.
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Andrews, Lindsey, und Jonathan M. Metzl. Reading the Image of Race: Neurocriminology, Medical Imaging Technologies and Literary Intervention. Edinburgh University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474400046.003.0013.
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On 26 April 2013, the Wall Street Journal published an essay by neurocriminologist Adrian Raine promoting his newest book, The Anatomy of Violence: The Biological Roots of Crime. On the newspaper’s website, an image of a black-and-white brain scan overlaid with handcuffs headed the essay. Clicking ‘play’ turned the image into a video filled with three-dimensional brain illustrations and Raine’s claims that some brains are simply more biologically prone to violence than others. Rejecting what he describes as ‘the dominant model for understanding criminal behaviour in the twentieth century’ – a model based ‘almost exclusively on social and sociological’ explanations – Raine wrote that ‘the genetic basis of criminal behaviour is now well established’ through molecular and behavioural genetics.
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Boffone, Trevor. Renegades. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197577677.001.0001.
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Renegades: Digital Dance Cultures from Dubsmash to TikTok interrogates the roles that Dubsmash, social media, and hip hop music and dance play in youth identity formation in the United States. It explores why Generation Z—so-called Zoomers—use social media dance apps to connect, how they use them to build relationships, how race and other factors of identity play out through these apps, how social media dance shapes a wider cultural context, and how community is formed in the same way that it might be in a club. These Zoomer artists—namely D1 Nayah, Jalaiah Harmon, TisaKorean, Brooklyn Queen, Kayla Nicole Jones, and Dr. Boffone’s high school students—have become key agents in culture creation and dissemination in the age of social media dance and music. These Black artists are some of today’s most influential content creators, even if they lack widespread name recognition. Their artistic contributions have come to define a generation. And yet, up until this point, the majority of influential Dubsmashers have not been recognized for their influence on US popular culture. This book tells their stories.
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Vigdor, Steven E. Randomness and Complexity. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198814825.003.0007.
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Chapter 7 describes the fundamental role of randomness in quantum mechanics, in generating the first biomolecules, and in biological evolution. Experiments testing the Einstein–Podolsky–Rosen paradox have demonstrated, via Bell’s inequalities, that no local hidden variable theory can provide a viable alternative to quantum mechanics, with its fundamental randomness built in. Randomness presumably plays an equally important role in the chemical assembly of a wide array of polymer molecules to be sampled for their ability to store genetic information and self-replicate, fueling the sort of abiogenesis assumed in the RNA world hypothesis of life’s beginnings. Evidence for random mutations in biological evolution, microevolution of both bacteria and antibodies and macroevolution of the species, is briefly reviewed. The importance of natural selection in guiding the adaptation of species to changing environments is emphasized. A speculative role of cosmological natural selection for black-hole fecundity in the evolution of universes is discussed.
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Schoch, Richard, Gordon McMullan, Adrian Noble, Greg Doran, Paul Menzer, Philip Mead, Ailsa Grant Ferguson, Kate Flaherty und Mark Houlahan. Shakespeare’s House. Herausgegeben von Richard Proudfoot, Delia Garratt, Katherine Duncan-Jones, David Scott Kastan, Ann Thompson, Henry Woudhuysen und Tara Hamling. Bloomsbury Publishing Plc, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9781350409385.
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Edition description: In the wide realm of Shakespeare worship, the house in Stratford-upon-Avon where William Shakespeare was born in 1564 – known colloquially as the ‘Birthplace’ – remains the chief shrine. It’s not as romantic as Anne Hathaway’s thatched cottage, it’s not where he wrote any of his plays, and there’s nothing inside the house that once belonged to Shakespeare himself. So why, for centuries, have people kept turning up on the doorstep? Richard Schoch answers that question by examining the history of the Birthplace and by exploring how its changing fortunes over the past four centuries perfectly mirror the changing attitudes toward Shakespeare himself. Based on original research in the archives of the Shakespeare Birthplace Trust in Stratford-upon-Avon and the Folger Shakespeare Library in Washington, DC, and featuring two black and white illustrated plate sections which draw on the wide array of material available at the Folger Shakespeare Library and the Victoria and Albert Museum, this book traces the history of Shakespeare’s birthplace over four centuries. Beginning in the 1560s, when Shakespeare was born there, it ends in the 1890s, when the house was rescued from private purchase and turned into the Shakespeare monument that it remains today.
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Zinsser, Katherine M. No Longer Welcome. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med-psych/9780197639719.001.0001.
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For over 15 years, researchers have described a crisis in early learning classrooms in the United States. Hundreds of children are expelled from child-care programs and preschools every day, a rate nearly three times that of kindergarten–12th grade students. While policymakers have taken steps to mitigate this crisis, disparities in who is expelled persist. Boys and Black children are routinely over-represented among those pushed out of the exact environments supposed to help prepare them for school. Each child’s expulsion is symptomatic of a larger crisis—an overburdened, underfunded, undervalued, and fragmented early education system. No Longer Welcome starts a critical conversation between and across sectors of the early childhood field. Parents, teachers, preschool administrators, researchers, and policymakers all have a role to play in ensuring that all children have the opportunity to be retained in high-quality early care and education settings. Drawing on research and interviews with teachers, program administrators, parents, and policymakers, this book presents a detailed description of the myriad of factors contributing to the expulsion crisis. No Longer Welcome offers a compelling argument for the importance of ending the practice of excluding young children and outlines roles that each and every member of the field (from classroom aide to legislator) must play in sustaining this change.
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Anthony, Burgess. Clockwork Orange: Play with Music. Bloomsbury Publishing Plc, 2013.
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Kachun, Mitch. The Dustbin of History. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199731619.003.0003.
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Between 1771 and 1850 the Boston Massacre itself remained a part of the nation’s collective memory of the American Revolution. Some characterized it as a key event in forging colonial unity while others preferred to distance the Revolution from what they considered a disorderly riot. In either case, Attucks’s role and racial identity remained largely ignored, even among African Americans. A few scattered references to Attucks appeared during the first half of the nineteenth century, but he did not become a focal point for African American arguments for citizenship, inclusion, and equality until the 1850s, when African American activists recognized the central role Attucks might play in establishing blacks’ rightful place in the nation.
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Rappoport, Leon. Punchlines. Greenwood Publishing Group, Inc., 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798216003335.
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The concept of ethnic, racial, and gender humor is as sensitive a subject today as it has ever been; yet at no time in the past have we had such a quantity of this humor circulating throughout society. We can see the power of such content manifested continually in our culture's films and stand-up comedy routines, as well as on popular TV sitcoms, where Jewish, black, Asian, Hispanic, and gay characters and topics have seemingly become essential to comic scenarios. Though such humor is often cruel, it can be a source of pride and play among minorities, women, and gays. Leon Rappoport's incisive account takes an in-depth look at ethnic, racial and gender humor. Despite the polarization that is often apparent in the debates such humor evokes, the most important melting pot in this country may be the one that we enter when we share a laugh at ourselves.
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Guthrie, Dorothy Littlejohn. Integrating African American Literature in the Library and Classroom. ABC-CLIO, LLC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798400670817.
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In this book, African American literature is illuminated through a project-based curriculum that incorporates national curriculum standards. It is important that the school curriculae be representative of the diversity of the American student population. Integrating African American Literature in the Library and Classroom is designed to help teachers and librarians achieve that goal. The book recommends and annotates more than 200 titles that touch on African American life from slavery through the present time, most of them by black authors, and many of them winners of the Coretta Scott King, Caldecott, and/or Newbery awards. This guide offers cross-curricular lesson plans for grades K–12. Each chapter identifies areas in which instructional attention is most needed to help students develop a greater appreciation for diversity, perseverance, and ethnicity. Examples and ideas for activities are offered to reinforce related concepts. With this book, teachers and librarians will be better able to motivate and inform, helping students discover the richness of African American culture now and through time.
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Juhasz, Alexandra, und Theodore Kerr. We Are Having This Conversation Now. Duke University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/9781478023081.
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We Are Having This Conversation Now offers a history, present, and future of AIDS through thirteen short conversations between Alexandra Juhasz and Theodore Kerr, scholars deeply embedded in HIV responses. They establish multiple timelines of the epidemic, offering six foundational periodizations of AIDS culture, tracing how attention to the crisis has waxed and waned from the 1980s to the present. They begin the book with a 1990 educational video produced by a Black health collective, using it to consider organizing intersectionally, theories of videotape, empowerment movements, and memorialization. This video is one of many powerful yet overlooked objects that the pair focus on through conversation to understand HIV across time. Along the way, they share their own artwork, activism, and stories of the epidemic. Their conversations illuminate the vital role personal experience, community, cultural production, and connection play in the creation of AIDS-related knowledge, archives, and social change. Throughout, Juhasz and Kerr invite readers to reflect and find ways to engage in their own AIDS-related culture and conversation.
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Bascom, Lionel C. Harlem. ABC-CLIO, LLC, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798400661853.
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Focusing on the contributions of civic reformers and political architects who arrived in New York in the early decades of the 20th century, this book explores the wide array of sweeping social reforms and radical racial demands first conceived of and planned in Harlem that transformed African Americans into self-aware U.S. citizens for the first time in history. When the first slave escaped bondage in the American South and migrated to the Northeast region of the United States, this act of an individual started what became known as the “great migration” of African Americans fleeing the feudal South for New York and other Northern cities. This migration fueled an intellectual, social, and personal pursuit—the long-standing quest for identity by a lost tribe of African Americans—by every black man, woman, and child in America. In Harlem, that quest was anchored by a wide array of civic, business, and prominent leaders who succeeded in establishing what we now know as modern African American culture. In Harlem: The Crucible of Modern African American Culture, author Lionel C. Bascom examines the accuracy of the established image of Harlem during the Renaissance period—roughly between 1917 and the 1960s—as “heaven” for migrating African Americans. He establishes how mingled among the former tenant farmers, cotton pickers, maids, and farmhands were college-educated intellectuals, progressive ministers, writers, and lecturers who formed various organizations aimed at banishing images of Negroes as bumbling, ignorant, second-class citizens. The book also challenges unfounded claims that political and social movements during the Harlem Renaissance period failed and dramatizes numerous attempts by government authorities to silence black progressives who spearheaded movements that eventually ended segregation in the armed forces, drafted plans that led to the first sweeping civil rights legislation, and resulted in a U.S. Supreme Court ruling that finally made racial segregation in schools a federal crime.
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Butler, Anthea. White Evangelical Racism. University of North Carolina Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5149/northcarolina/9781469661179.001.0001.
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The American political scene today is poisonously divided, and the vast majority of white evangelicals play a strikingly unified, powerful role in the disunion. These evangelicals raise a starkly consequential question for electoral politics: Why do they claim morality while supporting politicians who act immorally by most Christian measures? In this clear-eyed, hard-hitting chronicle of American religion and politics, Anthea Butler answers that racism is at the core of conservative evangelical activism and power. Butler reveals how evangelical racism, propelled by the benefits of whiteness, has since the nation’s founding played a provocative role in severely fracturing the electorate. During the buildup to the Civil War, white evangelicals used scripture to defend slavery and nurture the Confederacy. During Reconstruction, they used it to deny the vote to newly emancipated blacks. In the twentieth century, they sided with segregationists in avidly opposing movements for racial equality and civil rights. Most recently, evangelicals supported the Tea Party, a Muslim ban, and border policies allowing family separation. White evangelicals today, cloaked in a vision of Christian patriarchy and nationhood, form a staunch voting bloc in support of white leadership. Evangelicalism’s racial history festers, splits America, and needs a reckoning now.
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Hopkins, Pauline. Of One Blood. The MIT Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.7551/mitpress/14279.001.0001.
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A mixed-race Harvard medical student stumbles upon a hidden Ethiopian city, the inhabitants of which possess both advanced technologies and mystical powers. Long before Marvel Comics gave us Wakanda, a high-tech African country that has never been colonized, this 1903 novel gave readers Reuel Briggs—a mixed-race Harvard medical student, passing as white, who stumbles upon Telassar. In this long-hidden Ethiopian city, whose wise, peaceful inhabitants possess both advanced technologies and mystical powers, Reuel discovers the incredible secret of his own birth. Now, he must decide whether to return to the life he's built, and the woman he loves, back in America—or play a role in helping Telassar take its rightful place on the world stage. Considered one of the earliest articulations of Black internationalism, Of One Blood takes as its theme the notion that race is a social construct perpetuated by racists. Minister Faust is best known as author of The Coyote Kings of the Space-Age Bachelor Pad (2004) and 2007's Kindred Award-winning From the Notebooks of Dr. Brain (retitled Shrinking the Heroes, it also received the Philip K. Dick Award Special Citation). An award-winning journalist, community organizer, teacher, and workshop designer, Faust is also a former television host and producer, radio broadcaster, and podcaster. His 2011 TEDx talk, “The Cure For Death by Smalltalk,” has been viewed more than 840,000 times.