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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "Nika2"
1
Ritacco, A., R. Adam, P. Ade, P. André, A. Andrianasolo, H. Aussel, A. Beelen et al. „The NIKA polarimeter on science targets: Crab nebula observations at 150 GHz and dual-band polarization images of Orion Molecular Cloud OMC-1“. EPJ Web of Conferences 228 (2020): 00021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202022800021.
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We present here the polarization system of the NIKA camera and give a summary of the main results obtained and performed studies on Orion and the Crab nebula. The polarization system was equipped with a room temperature continuously rotating multi-mesh half wave plate and a grid polarizer facing the NIKA cryostat window. NIKA even though less sensitive than NIKA2 had polarization capability in both 1 and 2 millimiter bands. NIKA polarization observations demonstrated the ability of such a technology in detecting the polarization of different targets, compact and extended sources like the Crab nebula and Orion Molecular Cloud region OMC-1. These measurements together with the developed techniques to deal with systematics, opened the way to the current observations of NIKA2 in polarization that will provide important advances in the studies of galactic and extra-galactic emission and magnetic fields.
2
Ritacco, A., N. Ponthieu, A. Catalano, R. Adam, P. Ade, P. André, A. Beelen et al. „Polarimetry at millimeter wavelengths with the NIKA camera: calibration and performance“. Astronomy & Astrophysics 599 (23.02.2017): A34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201629666.
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Magnetic fields, which play a major role in a large number of astrophysical processes can be traced via observations of dust polarization. In particular, Planck low-resolution observations of dust polarization have demonstrated that Galactic filamentary structures, where star formation takes place, are associated to well organized magnetic fields. A better understanding of this process requires detailed observations of galactic dust polarization on scales of 0.01 to 0.1 pc. Such high-resolution polarization observations can be carried out at the IRAM 30 m telescope using the recently installed NIKA2 camera, which features two frequency bands at 260 and 150 GHz (respectively 1.15 and 2.05 mm), the 260 GHz band being polarization sensitive. NIKA2 so far in commissioning phase, has its focal plane filled with ~3300 detectors to cover a Field of View (FoV) of 6.5 arcmin diameter. The NIKA camera, which consisted of two arrays of 132 and 224 Lumped Element Kinetic Inductance Detectors (LEKIDs) and a FWHM (Full-Width-Half-Maximum) of 12 and 18.2 arcsec at 1.15 and 2.05 mm respectively, has been operated at the IRAM 30 m telescope from 2012 to 2015 as a test-bench for NIKA2. NIKA was equipped of a room temperature polarization system (a half wave plate (HWP) and a grid polarizer facing the NIKA cryostat window). The fast and continuous rotation of the HWP permits the quasi simultaneous reconstruction of the three Stokes parameters, I, Q, and U at 150 and 260 GHz. This paper presents the first polarization measurements with KIDs and reports the polarization performance of the NIKA camera and the pertinence of the choice of the polarization setup in the perspective of NIKA2. We describe the polarized data reduction pipeline, specifically developed for this project and how the continuous rotation of the HWP permits to shift the polarized signal far from any low frequency noise. We also present the dedicated algorithm developed to correct systematic leakage effects. We report results on compact and extended sources obtained duringthe February 2015 technical campaign. These results demonstrate a good understanding of polarization systematics and state-of-the-art performance in terms of photometry, polarization degree and polarization angle reconstruction.
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Pisano, G., A. Ritacco, A. Monfardini, C. Tucker, P. A. R. Ade, A. Shitvov, A. Benoit et al. „Development and application of metamaterial-based half-wave plates for the NIKA and NIKA2 polarimeters“. Astronomy & Astrophysics 658 (27.01.2022): A24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202038643.
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Context. Large field-of-view imaging and polarimetry instruments operating at millimetre and sub-millimetre wavelengths are fundamental tools to understand the role of magnetic fields in channelling filament material into prestellar cores, providing unique insight in the physics of galactic star-forming regions. Among other topics, at extra-galactic scales, polarisation observations of Active Galactic Nuclei (AGNs) will allow us to constrain the possible physical conditions of the emitting plasma from the jets and/or explore the physics of dust inside supernova remnants. The kilo-pixel New IRAM KIDs Array 2 (NIKA2) camera, installed today at the Institut de Radioastronomie Millimétrique (IRAM) 30-m telescope, represents one of the best tools available to astronomers to produce simultaneous intensity and polarimetry maps over large fields at 260 GHz (1.15 mm). Aims. The polarisation measurement, in NIKA and NIKA2, is achieved by rapidly modulating the total incoming polarisation. In the end, this allows one to safely isolate the small science signal from the large, un-polarised, and strongly variable, atmospheric background. Methods. The polarisation modulation is achieved by inserting a fast rotating half-wave plate (HWP) in the optical beam. In order to allow wide field-of-view observations, the plate has to be large, with a diameter of 250 mm. The modulation of the polarised signal at 12 Hz also requires the waveplate to be sufficiently light. In addition, this key optical element has to exhibit optimal electromagnetic characteristics in terms of transmission and differential phase-shift. For this purpose, three metamaterial HWPs have been developed using the mesh-filter technology. The knowledge acquired in developing the first two single-band HWPs was used to achieve the more challenging performance requirements of the last dual-band HWP. The first and the third waveplates met the requirements for both the NIKA and NIKA2 instruments. Results. We first illustrate the design, the technical developments, the fabrication, and laboratory characterisation of the three mesh-HWPs. The deployment of two such elements in the NIKA and NIKA2 instruments at the 30-metre telescope is then described. We conclude with representative examples of astrophysical maps integrating polarimetry.
4
Ajeddig, H., R. Adam, P. Ade, Ph André, A. Andrianasolo, H. Aussel, A. Beelen et al. „Preliminary results on the instrumental polarization of NIKA2-Pol at the IRAM 30m telescope“. EPJ Web of Conferences 228 (2020): 00002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202022800002.
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Clarifying the role of magnetic fields in the star formation process is crucial. Observations have already shown that magnetic fields play an important role in the early stages of star formation. The high spatial resolution (∼0.01 to 0.05 pc) provided by NIKA2-Pol 1.2 mm imaging polarimetry of nearby clouds will help us clarify the geometry of the B-field within dense cores and molecular filaments as part of the IRAM 30m large program B-FUN. There are numerous challenging issues in the validation of NIKA2-Pol such as the calibration of instrumental polarization. The commissioning phase of NIKA2-Pol is underway and is helping us characterize the intensity-to-polarization “leakage” pattern of the instrument. We present a preliminary analysis of the leakage pattern and its dependence with elevation. We also present the current leakage correction made possible by the NIKA2 pipeline in polarization mode based on the NIKA2-Pol commissioning data taken in December 2018. Based on reduced Stokes I, Q, U data we find that the leakage pattern of NIKA2-Pol depends on elevation and is sensitive to the focus of the telescope.
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Muñoz-Echeverría, M., R. Adam, P. Ade, H. Ajeddig, P. André, M. Arnaud, E. Artis et al. „The LPSZ-CLASH galaxy cluster sample: Combining lensing and hydrostatic mass estimates“. EPJ Web of Conferences 257 (2022): 00033. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202225700033.
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Starting from the clusters included in the NIKA sample and in the NIKA2 Sunyaev-Zel’dovich Large Program (LPSZ) we have selected a sample of six common objects with the Cluster Lensing And Supernova survey with Hubble (CLASH) lensing data. For the LPSZ clusters we have at our disposal both high-angular resolution observations of the thermal SZ with NIKA and NIKA2 and X-ray observations with XMM-Newton from which hydrostatic mass estimates can be derived. In addition, the CLASH dataset includes lensing convergence maps that can be converted into lensing estimates of the total mass of the cluster. One-dimensional mass profiles are used to derive integrated mass estimates accounting for systematic effects (data processing, modeling, etc.). Two-dimensional analysis of the maps can reveal substructures in the cluster and, therefore, inform us about the dynamical state of each system. Moreover, we are able to study the hydrostatic mass to lensing mass bias, across different morphology and a range of redshift clusters to give more insight on the hydrostatic mass bias. The analysis presented in this proceeding follows the study discussed in [20].
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Kéruzoré, F., F. Mayet, G. W. Pratt, R. Adam, P. Ade, P. André, A. Andrianasolo et al. „Exploiting NIKA2/XMM-Newton imaging synergy for intermediate-mass high-z galaxy clusters within the NIKA2 SZ large program“. Astronomy & Astrophysics 644 (Dezember 2020): A93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202038933.
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High-resolution mapping of the intracluster medium (ICM) up to high redshift and down to low masses is crucial to derive accurate mass estimates of the galaxy cluster and to understand the systematic effects affecting cosmological studies based on galaxy clusters. We present a spatially resolved Sunyaev-Zel’dovich (SZ)/X-ray analysis of ACT-CL J0215.4+0030, a high-redshift (z = 0.865) galaxy cluster of intermediate mass (M500 ≃ 3.5 × 1014 M⊙) observed as part of the ongoing NIKA2 SZ large program, which is a follow-up of a representative sample of objects at 0.5 ≤ z ≤ 0.9. In addition to the faintness and small angular size induced by its mass and redshift, the cluster is contaminated by point sources that significantly affect the SZ signal. This is therefore an interesting case study for the most challenging sources of the NIKA2 cluster sample. We present the NIKA2 observations of this cluster and the resulting data. We identified the point sources that affect the NIKA2 maps of the cluster as submillimeter galaxies with counterparts in catalogs of sources constructed by the SPIRE instrument on board the Herschel observatory. We reconstructed the ICM pressure profile by performing a joint analysis of the SZ signal and of the point-source component in the NIKA2 150 GHz map. This cluster is a very weak source that lies below the selection limit of the Planck catalog. Nonetheless, we obtained high-quality estimates of the ICM thermodynamical properties with NIKA2. We compared the pressure profile extracted from the NIKA2 map to the pressure profile obtained from X-ray data alone by deprojecting the public XMM-Newton observations of the cluster. We combined the NIKA2 pressure profile with the X-ray deprojected density to extract detailed information on the ICM. The radial distribution of its thermodynamic properties (the pressure, temperature and entropy) indicate that the cluster has a highly disturbed core. We also computed the hydrostatic mass of the cluster, which is compatible with estimations from SZ and X-ray scaling relations. We conclude that the NIKA2 SZ large program can deliver quality information on the thermodynamics of the ICM even for one of its faintest clusters after a careful treatment of the contamination by point sources.
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Lefèvre, Charlène, Carsten Kramer, Roberto Neri, Stefano Berta und Karl Schuster. „NOEMA complementarity with NIKA2“. EPJ Web of Conferences 228 (2020): 00014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202022800014.
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IRAM operates two observatories - the 30-meter Telescope on Pico Veleta in Spain and NOEMA, an interferometer of ten 15-meter antennas on Plateau de Bure in France. Both observatories allow to observe at millimeter wavelengths. Here, we aim at discussing the complementary between continuum observations with NOEMA and NIKA2 at the 30m and their role at the cutting edge of research in astronomy. In particular, we will review possible synergies of continuum studies from nearby star forming regions to high red-shift galaxies at cosmological distances.
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Mayet, F., R. Adam, P. Ade, P. André, A. Andrianasolo, M. Arnaud, H. Aussel et al. „Cluster cosmology with the NIKA2 SZ Large Program“. EPJ Web of Conferences 228 (2020): 00017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202022800017.
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The main limiting factor of cosmological analyses based on thermal Sunyaev-Zel’dovich (SZ) cluster statistics comes from the bias and systematic uncertainties that affect the estimates of the mass of galaxy clusters. High-angular resolution SZ observations at high redshift are needed to study a potential redshift or morphology dependence of both the mean pressure profile and of the mass-observable scaling relation used in SZ cosmological analyses. The NIKA2 camera is a new generation continuum instrument installed at the IRAM 30-m telescope. With a large field of view, a high angular resolution and a high-sensitivity, the NIKA2 camera has unique SZ mapping capabilities. In this paper, we present the NIKA2 SZ large program, aiming at observing a large sample of clusters at redshifts between 0.5 and 0.9, and the characterization of the first cluster oberved with NIKA2.
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Ritacco, A., R. Adam, P. Ade, H. Ajeddig, P. André, A. Andrianasolo, H. Aussel et al. „Observing with NIKA2Pol from the IRAM 30m telescope : Early results on the commissioning phase“. EPJ Web of Conferences 228 (2020): 00022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202022800022.
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The NIKA2 polarization channel at 260 GHz (1.15 mm) has been proposed primarily to observe galactic star-forming regions and probe the critical scales between 0.01-0.05 pc at which magnetic field lines may channel the matter of interstellar filaments into growing dense cores. The NIKA2 polarime-ter consists of a room temperature continuously rotating multi-mesh HWP and a cold polarizer that separates the two orthogonal polarizations onto two 260 GHz KIDs arrays. We describe in this paper the preliminary results obtained during the most recent commissioning campaign performed in December 2018. We concentrate here on the analysis of the extended sources, while the observation of compact sources is presented in a companion paper [12]. We present preliminary NIKA2 polarization maps of the Crab nebula. We find that the integrated polarization intensity flux measured by NIKA2 is consistent with expectations. In terms of polarization angle, we are still limited by systematic uncertainties that will be further investigated in the forthcoming commissioning campaigns.
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De Petris, Marco, Florian Ruppin, Federico Sembolini, Remí Adam, Anna Silvia Baldi, Giammarco Cialone, Barbara Comis et al. „Confirmation of NIKA2 investigation of the Sunyaev-Zel’dovich effect by using synthetic clusters of galaxies“. EPJ Web of Conferences 228 (2020): 00008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202022800008.
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The NIKA2 Sunyaev-Zel’dovich Large Program (SZLP) is focused on mapping the thermal SZ signal of a representative sample of selected Planck and ACT clusters spanning the redshift range 0.5 < z < 0.9. Hydrodynamical N-body simulations prove to be a powerful tool to endorse NIKA2 capabilities for estimating the impact of IntraCluster Medium (ICM) disturbances when re- covering the pressure radial profiles. For this goal we employ a subsample of objects, carefully extracted from the catalog Marenostrum MUltidark SImulations of galaxy Clusters (MUSIC), spanning equivalent redshift and mass ranges as the LPSZ. The joint analysis of real observations of the tSZ with NIKA2 and Planck enables to validate the NIKA2 pipeline and to estimate the ICM pressure profiles. Moreover, the possibility to identify a priori the dynamical state of the selected synthetic clusters allows us to verify the impact on the recovered ICM profile shapes and their scatters. Morphological analysis of maps of the Compton parameter seems to be a way to observationally segregate the sample based on the dynamical state in relaxed and disturbed synthetic clusters.
Dissertationen zum Thema "Nika2"
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Ritacco, Alessia. „Polarimétrie aux longueurs d'onde millimétriques avec les instruments NIKA et NIKA2“. Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016GREAY018/document.
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Le rôle des champs magnétiques dans le processus de formation stellaire reste une question ouverte de l'astrophysique moderne.Récemment, les observations du satellite Herschel ont dévoilé que certaines structures filamenteuses seraient propices à ces processus de formation d’étoile. Ces structures filamenteuses ont été associées à des régions de champ magnétique bien organisé grâce aux observations polarimétriques du satellite Planck. Une meilleure compréhension du rôle des champs magnétiques lors de la formation stellaire requiert néanmoins des observations polarimétriques détaillées de la poussière galactique aux échelles de 0.01 - 0.1 pc.Des observations polarimétriques à hautes résolutions peuvent être effectuées au télescope de 30 mètres de l’IRAM en utilisant la caméra NIKA2.Le but de cette thèse a été de valider le concept et de caractériser les performances du polarimètre monté sur la caméra NIKA2. Ces tests et caractérisations ont été réalisés sur NIKA, le démonstrateur technologique de NIKA2, installée à l’IRAM de 2012 à 2015.NIKA consiste en deux matrices de 132 et 224 LEKIDS (Lumped Element Kinetic Inductance Detectors) qui couvrent un champ de vue (FoV) de ~1.8 arcminutes à 1.15 (260) et 2.05 (150) mm (GHz).Le système de polarisation est constitué d’une lame demi-onde tournante à mesh métalliques(HWP) et d’une grille métallique (polariseur). La rapidité des détecteurs LEKIDs combinée à la modulation de la lame permettent la mesure simultanée des trois paramètres de Stokes, I, Q, U, caractérisant la polarisation linéaire. Le signal est extrait en utilisant une procédure de “démodulation”, qui est équivalente à un lock-in autour de la quatrième harmonique de la fréquence de rotation de la lame.Dans la première partie de la thèse je présente la caractérisation instrumentale de l’efficacité du système développé. Ensuite, la chaîne d’analyse des données dédiée à la polarisation est présentée. Cette dernière a été spécifiquement développée pour l'instrument NIKA et a permis de reconstruire le signal observé en polarisation et de le projeter sur des cartes.La réduction des données observationnelles de sources non polarisées a révélé la présence d’un effet systématique. Celui-ci a été interprété comme résultant d’une polarisation instrumentale due à une perte d’intensité I vers les canaux de polarisation Q et U.Afin de corriger cet effet, un algorithme a été développé. Celui-ci permet de ramener la polarisation instrumentale, initialement de l'ordre de ~3 %, en-dessous du pour-cent.Enfin, les observations de sources polarisées corrigées de l'effet systématique ont confirmé le potentiel du polarimètre NIKA afin de mesurer la polarisation du ciel.Ces résultats ouvrent la voie à de prochaines observations polarimétriques avec la caméra NIKA2, installée en octobre 2015.Cette caméra dispose de deux bandes de fréquences à 260 (polarisé) et 150 (non polarisé) GHz pour un total de 3300 détecteurs, 12 et 18 arcsec FWHM de résolution et FoV de 6.5 diamètre arcminutes.Cette caméra fournira sans aucun doute une meilleure compréhension des interactions du champ magnétique dans le milieu interstellaire de notre GalaxieThe role played by magnetic fields in the star formation process is an outstanding question of modern astrophysics. Herschel satellite observations have unveiled filamentary structures as the preferential sites of star formation. Complementary low resolution observations of dust polarization by the Planck satellite have demonstrated that these filamentary structures are associated to well organized magnetic fields, which should play a major role in this process. A better understanding of this process requires detailed observations of galactic dust polarization on scales of 0.01 pc to 0.1 pc. Such high resolution polarization observations can be carried out at the IRAM 30 meter telescope using the recently installed New IRAM Kid Array (NIKA2) camera, which features two frequency bands at 260 (polarized) and 150 (non polarized) GHz for a total of 3300 detectors, 12 and 18 arcsec FWHM resolution and Field of View (FoV) of 6.5 arcminutes diameter. The NIKA camera, which consists of two arrays of 132 and 224 LEKIDs (Lumped Element Kinetic Inductance Detectors) covering a FoV of ∼1.8 arcminutes at 1.15 (260) and 2.05 (150) mm (GHz), was installed at the IRAM 30 telescope from 2012 to 2015.The purpose of this thesis was the characterization of the NIKA polarization system performance. The system consisted of a rotating multi-mesh half wave plate and a grid polarizer. The rapidity of the LEKID detectors combined to the modulation of the HWP permits the simultaneous measurement of the three stokes parameters I,Q,U, components of the linear polarization. Then the signal is extracted with a lock-in procedure by isolating the amplitude of the mechanical rotation fourth harmonic.In the first part of the thesis the instrumental efficiency characterization of the system is presented. Later, the dedicated polarization data analysis is described. It has been specifically developed for the NIKA instrument and has allowed to map polarisation observations of compact and extended sources.The data reduction of unpolarized sources observations showed an instrumental polarization systematic effect. In order to correct for this effect an algorithm has been developed allowing to reduce an observed instrumental polarization of the order of ~ 3 % to below ~ 1%. In addition, polarized sources observations corrected for the systematic effect confirmed the potentiality of the NIKA polarimeter to measure the polarization. This opens the way to forthcoming observations with NIKA2 that will undoubtedly provide advances in the field of Galactic emission and interactions with the magnetic field
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Ruppin, Florian. „Cosmologie via les observations d'amas de galaxies par effet Sunyaev-Zel'dovich avec NIKA2“. Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018GREAY029/document.
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La distribution de masse dans l'Univers telle que tracée par les amas de galaxies constitue une sonde cosmologique puissante. La caractérisation des processus associés à l'origine et à la croissance des grandes structures permet de contraindre des paramètres cosmologiques via l'étude de la distribution des amas en fonction de leur masse et de leur redshift. Cependant, il existe un désaccord statistiquement significatif observé entre les contraintes cosmologiques établies par l'étude des anisotropies primaires du fond diffus cosmologique et celles issues de l'analyse de la distribution des amas de galaxies. Cela pourrait signifier que le modèle standard de la cosmologie est incomplet. L'une des méthodes d'observation des amas de galaxie exploite l'effet Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (SZ) qui permet de contraindre la pression du gaz contenu dans ces derniers. Cette observable peut être directement liée à la masse des amas via une relation d'échelle et un profil de pression. Il est donc essentiel de caractériser précisément ces derniers afin de limiter les potentiels biais et effets systématiques affectant les analyses cosmologiques. Cette thèse présente l'ensemble des travaux réalisés dans cet objectif. Elle porte sur des thématiques allant des observations SZ effectuées avec la caméra NIKA2 installée au télescope de 30 mètres de l’IRAM jusqu'à l'estimation des paramètres cosmologiques en passant par l'analyse des données brutes de NIKA2 et des cartes SZ réalisées.Une part du travail de thèse présenté dans ce document est consacrée à l'étude et l’amélioration des différentes étapes effectuées, depuis les observations d'amas de galaxies au télescope avec la caméra NIKA2 jusqu'à la production de cartes de l'effet SZ. Les procédures développées pour estimer les performances instrumentales de NIKA2 sont détaillées et la chaîne d'analyse utilisée pour réduire les données brutes est présentée.Les travaux réalisés dans cette thèse ont également consisté à caractériser les propriétés thermodynamiques d'amas de galaxies via des analyses jointes combinant les cartes SZ NIKA2 avec des données X mesurées par le satellite XMM-Newton. Nous détaillons les méthodes employées dans le logiciel de traitement des données SZ créé pour le grand programme SZ de NIKA2, la procédure de déprojection non-paramétrique développée pour caractériser le profil de pression des amas de galaxies et les résultats de la première observation SZ avec NIKA2.Les dernières activités présentées sont dédiées aux analyses réalisées afin de quantifier l'impact du grand programme SZ de NIKA2 sur la cosmologie. Nous analysons l'effet des perturbations dynamiques du milieu intra-amas sur la caractérisation du profil de pression avec NIKA2 via l'utilisation d'amas de la simulation numérique MUSIC. Finalement, nous détaillons l'étude permettant d'estimer l'impact d'une variation du profil de pression universel sur l'estimation des paramètres cosmologiques déduite du spectre de puissance de l'effet SZ mesuré par PlanckThe mass distribution in the Universe, as traced by galaxy clusters is a powerful cosmological probe. The characterization of the processes associated with the origin and the growth of the large scale structures enables constraining cosmological parameters by studying the distribution of clusters according to their mass and redshift. However, a tension is observed between the cosmological constraints established by the study of the primary anisotropies of the cosmological background and those resulting from the analysis of the distribution of galaxy clusters. This may imply that our cosmological model is incomplete. The observation of clusters from the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (SZ) effect allows us to constrain their gas pressure. This observable can be directly linked to the mass of galaxy clusters via a scaling relation and a pressure profile. It is thus essential to characterize the latter precisely in order to limit the potential bias and systematic effects affecting cosmological analyses. This thesis presents the work carried out to this end. It covers topics ranging from SZ observations made with the NIKA2 camera installed at the IRAM 30-metre telescope to the estimation of cosmological parameters, and including the analysis of NIKA2 raw data and the SZ maps produced.Part of the thesis work presented in this document is dedicated to the study and the improvement of the different tasks carried out, from the observations of galaxy clusters with the NIKA2 camera to the production of maps of the SZ effect. The procedures developed to estimate the NIKA2 instrumental performance are detailed and the analysis pipeline used to analyze the raw data is presented.The work carried out in this thesis also consisted in characterizing the thermodynamic properties of galaxy clusters using joint analyzes that combine the NIKA2 SZ maps with X-ray data measured by the XMM-Newton satellite. We detail the methods used in the SZ data processing software created for the NIKA2 SZ large program, the non-parametric deprojection procedure developed to characterize the pressure profile of galaxy clusters and the results of the first SZ observation with NIKA2.The last activities presented are dedicated to the analyses carried out to quantify the impact of the NIKA2 SZ large program on cosmology. We analyze the effect of dynamic disturbances of the intracluster medium on the characterization of the pressure profile with NIKA2 via the use of clusters from the MUSIC N-body simulation. Finally, we detail the study realized in order to estimate the impact of a modification of the universal pressure profile on the estimation of cosmological parameters derived from the power spectrum of the SZ effect measured by Planck
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Andrianasolo, Aina. „Nika2 : mesure de la polarisation avec des KIDs et perspectives pour la mesure du fond diffus cosmologique“. Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019GREAY077.
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La polarisation représente une sonde importante permettant l'étude de nombreux processus astrophysiques et cosmologiques. L'étude du fond diffus cosmologique (CMB en anglais) est un enjeu clef de la Cosmologie moderne car il représente une importante source d'informations sur les paramètres de l'Univers. La mesure de la polarisation du CMB, et plus particulièrement la détection de ses modes B permettrait de contraindre les modèles inflationnaires en signant la présence d'ondes gravitationnelles primordiales. Dans le domaine Astrophysique, les observations ont montré que la formation stellaire a lieu dans des structures denses et filamentaires du milieu interstellaire. Le champ magnétique peut être tracé à travers l'émission polarisée de la poussière, et son observation par Planck révèle la présence d'un champ magnétique à grande échelle et suggère que celui-ci joue un rôle important dans la formation stellaire. La voie polarisée de la caméra NIKA2 permettra de cartographier à haute résolution et haute sensibilité ces zones de formation stellaire, ce qui constituera un apport d'information supplémentaire sur le rôle du champ magnétique à l'échelle des filaments. Pour cela, NIKA2 utilise une lame demi-onde en rotation continue et un nouveau type de détecteurs : les KIDs. C'est actuellement le seul instrument utilisant cette combinaison et représente un retour d'expérience important dans l'optique d'installer un tel système sur de futurs projets visant à mesurer la polarisation du CMB.Une partie des travaux réalisés dans cette thèse a été faite dans le cadre du commissioning du module polarisé de NIKA2. En s'appuyant sur les observations de sources compactes et diffuses réalisées, elle présente les différentes méthodes développées afin de caractériser l'instrument : reconstruction des cartes des paramètres de Stokes, soustraction des effets systématiques propres à la polarisation (signal parasite de la lame, polarisation instrumentale).Dans le cadre plus général de la recherche des modes B, la dernière partie propose de nouveaux estimateurs de la polarisation plus généraux que ceux utilisés dans la littérature, notamment en ce qui concerne l'incertitude sur l'intensité.Elle présente également une étude sur la non-linéarité induite par les méthodes de reconstruction du signal des KIDs et l'impact que celle-ci pourrait avoir sur la détection des modes BThe polarization is an important probe of many astrophysical and cosmological processes. The study of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) is one of the major goals in Cosmology because it represents an important source of information on the cosmological model of the Universe. The measure of CMB polarization, and in particular the detection of its B modes, would sign the presence of primordial gravitationnal waves and be a powerful probe of inflation. In Astrophysics, the magnetic field can be traced via the observation of dust polarization, and its observation by Planck reveals a well organized magnetic field at large angular scales. Observations have shown that stellar formation takes place in dense filamentary structures and suggest that magnetic field plays an important role in it. High resolution observations of polarization in the filaments will allow us to further probe the role of magnetic field in star formation, and this is one of the main goals of the polarized channel of the NIKA2 camera. Polarization with NIKA2 is reconstructed thanks to the continuous rotation of a Half Wave Plate (HWP) and detectors of a new technology : KIDs (Kinetic Inductance Detectors). It is the only experiment that uses this combination, it thus gives an important feedback in the perspective of deploying it on future CMB polarization instruments.A part of this thesis focuses on the characterization of the polarization module of NIKA2. It presents the data analysis that allows the reconstruction of polarization and the methods that were developed to subtract systematic effects such as the parasitic signal from the HWP and instrumental polarisation.In the context of the search for B modes and in the perspective of doing more precise estimations of polarization, the last part presents two studies : one on the construction of new estimators of polarization that take into account the noise on intensity, and the other one on non-linearity produced by the reconstruction of a KID signal and how it impacts the detection of CMB B modes
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Muñoz, Echeverria Miren. „Cosmologie multi-longueur d'onde avec les amas de galaxies“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Grenoble Alpes, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023GRALY060.
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Nous présentons une étude multi-longueur d'onde des amas de galaxies. Le travail se concentre sur la reconstruction précise et la comparaison des masses d'amas, qui sont une quantité élémentaire pour utiliser les amas de galaxies comme sonde cosmologique. Dans le cadre du Grand Programme Sunyaev Zel'dovich de NIKA2, nous présentons la caractérisation des effets systématiques affectant les données millimétriques NIKA2 et leur impact sur l'estimation de la masse hydrostatique. Le filtrage aux grandes échelles angulaires est le principal facteur limitant les contraintes précises sur la masse. De la comparaison des masses hydrostatiques aux estimations basées sur l’effet de lentille gravitationnelle, nous concluons que les premières sont biaisées d'environ 20 à 40% par rapport aux deuxièmes et que les masses hydrostatiques obtenues à partir de la combinaison des données millimétriques et des rayons X ont tendance à être moins biaisées que les estimations basées uniquement sur des rayons X. Le biais est confirmé sur l'étude d'un plus grand échantillon d’amas avec des données XMM-Newton, alors qu'une potentielle évolution du rapport de masse hydrostatique sur masse de lentille gravitationnelle avec le décalage vers le rouge n'est pas statistiquement significative. En ce qui concerne les effets intrinsèques qui affectent la reconstruction des masses d'amas à partir des observations, nous présentons une analyse basée sur les simulations hydrodynamiques The Three Hundred. Nous montrons que, sous l'hypothèse de sphéricité, la projection sur laquelle l'amas est observé est une source majeure de dispersion dans l'estimation de masse pour les observables de matière noire. L'effet est un ordre de grandeur inférieur pour les traceurs du gaz dans le milieu intra-amas, démontrant la puissance des observations en millimétrique et en X. Cependant, notre connaissance sur la distribution du gaz au cœur des amas est limitée par la résolution angulaire des instruments. Nous présentons dans cette thèse la première détection de l'effet SZ d'un amas avec l'interféromètre The Northern Extended Millimetre ArrayIn this thesis we present a multi-wavelength study of galaxy clusters. The work is focused on the precise reconstruction and comparison of cluster masses, which are an elemental quantity to use galaxy clusters as a cosmological probe. In the context of the NIKA2 Sunyaev Zel’dovich Large Programme, we present the characterisation of the systematic effects affecting the NIKA2 millimetre data and how they impact the estimation of the hydrostatic mass. The filtering at large angular scales is the main limiting factor to constrain precisely the mass. From the comparison of hydrostatic masses to lensing estimates, we conclude that the former are biased low by about 20 to 40% with respect to lensing and that hydrostatic masses obtained from the combination of Sunyaev Zel’dovich and X-ray data tend to be less biased than X-ray-only estimates. The bias is confirmed on the study of a larger cluster sample with XMM-Newton data, while a potential evolution of the hydrostatic-to-lensing mass ratio with redshift is not statistically significant. Regarding the intrinsic effects that affect the reconstruction of cluster masses from observations, we present an analysis based on The Three Hundred hydrodynamical simulations. We show that, under the assumption of sphericity, the projection along which the cluster is observed is a major source of scatter in the mass estimation for dark matter observables. The effect is an order of magnitude smaller for the tracers of the gas in the intracluster medium, demonstrating the power of X-ray and Sunyaev Zel’dovich observations. However, our knowledge about the distribution of the gas in the core of clusters remains subject to the angular resolution of the instruments in X-ray and millimetre wavelengths. We present in this thesis the first detection of the SZ effect of a cluster with the The Northern Extended Millimetre Array interferometer
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Nikaj, Adriatik [Verfasser], und Mathias [Akademischer Betreuer] Weske. „Restful choreographies / Adriatik Nikaj ; Betreuer: Mathias Weske“. Potsdam : Universität Potsdam, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1218169648/34.
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Nikam, Rohit [Verfasser]. „Highly charged dendritic polyelectrolytes: Competitive ion binding and charge renormalization / Rohit Nikam“. Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1230796789/34.
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Adam, R., I. Bartalucci, G. W. Pratt, P. Ade, P. André, M. Arnaud, A. Beelen et al. „Mapping the kinetic Sunyaev-Zel’dovich effect toward MACS J0717.5+3745 with NIKA“. EDP SCIENCES S A, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/623249.
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Measurement of the gas velocity distribution in galaxy clusters provides insight into the physics of mergers, through which large scale structures form in the Universe. Velocity estimates within the intracluster medium (ICM) can be obtained via the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (SZ) effect, but its observation is challenging both in term of sensitivity requirement and control of systematic effects, including the removal of contaminants. In this paper we report resolved observations, at 150 and 260 GHz, of the SZ effect toward the triple merger MACS J0717.5 + 3745 (z = 0.55), using data obtained with the NIKA camera at the IRAM 30 m telescope. Assuming that the SZ signal is the sum of a thermal (tSZ) and a kinetic (kSZ) component and by combining the two NIKA bands, we extract for the first time a resolved map of the kSZ signal in a cluster. The kSZ signal is dominated by a dipolar structure that peaks at -5.1 and + 3.4 sigma, corresponding to two subclusters moving respectively away and toward us and coincident with the cold dense X-ray core and a hot region undergoing a major merging event. We model the gas electron density and line-of-sight velocity of MACS J0717.5 + 3745 as four subclusters. Combining NIKA data with X-ray observations from XMM-Newton and Chandra, we fit this model to constrain the gas line-of-sight velocity of each component, and we also derive, for the first time, a velocity map from kSZ data (i. e. that is model-dependent). Our results are consistent with previous constraints on the merger velocities, and thanks to the high angular resolution of our data, we are able to resolve the structure of the gas velocity. Finally, we investigate possible contamination and systematic effects with a special care given to radio and submillimeter galaxies. Among the sources that we detect with NIKA, we find one which is likely to be a high redshift lensed submillimeter galaxy.
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Cherrier, Mickaël Victor. „Etude cristallographique des protéines NikA et NikR impliquées dans la transport du nickel chez Escherichia coli : quand la structure de NikA met en évidence l'existence possible d'un nouveau métallophore“. Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2006. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00079162.
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Le nickel est un cofacteur essentiel à l'activité de certaines protéines bactériennes, mais il est également toxique à forte concentration. De ce fait, il est indispensable aux bactéries de posséder un système d'import du Ni2+ spécifique et hautement régulé. Dans le cas d'Escherichia coli, il s'agit d'un système ABC composé des cinq protéines de l'opéron nikabcde : NikA, une protéine périplasmique, NikB et NikC, deux protéines formant un pore à travers la membrane interne, et les protéines NikD et NikE, deux protéines cytoplasmiques hydrolysant l'ATP. La régulation de l'expression de cet opéron est assurée par FNR, l'activateur, et de NikR, le répresseur. Dans un premier temps, nous avons travaillé sur une structure de la protéine NikA, résolue à partir de cristaux appartenant au système orthorhombique. Elle nous a permis de montrer que NikA ne fixait pas le nickel sous une forme pentahydratée comme cela était décrit dans la littérature, mais sous la forme d'un complexe FeEDTA(H2O)-, ce qui suggère que le nickel ne se fixe pas directement à la protéine, mais par l'intermédiaire d'un métallophore de structure proche de celle de l'EDTA. En remplaçant l'étape d'extraction périplasmique à l'EDTA par une étape utilisant le chloroforme, nous avons résolu, une seconde structure de NikA à partir de cristaux appartenant au système cristallin hexagonal. Dans ce cas, on observe, dans le site de fixation de la protéine, un nickel en complexe avec une molécule similaire à l'EDTA, laquelle a de fortes chances d'être le métallophore physiologique, que nous avons tenté de caractériser. Nous abordons aussi des études cristallographiques préliminaires concernant NikRNickel is an essential cofactor for several proteins found in bacteria, but it is also toxic at high concentrations. Consequently, microorganisms need a highly regulated and specific import system of Ni2+. In Escherichia coli, this system is composed of five proteins encoded by the nikabcde operon (which is an ATP Binding Casette): NikA, a periplamic protein, NikB and NikC, two transmembrane proteins which create a pore in the inner membrane, and the cytoplasmic proteins NikD and NikE, which hydrolyse ATP and provide the energy for the transport process. FNR (Fumarate Nitrate Regulator) is the activator, and NikR the repressor of the transcription of the nik operon. We solved the NikA protein structure by molecular replacement and found that contrary to what was reported in a previous crystallographic analysis, the protein doesn't bind a pentahydrate nickel, but an FeEDTA(H2O)- complex. The EDTA, that is not a natural molecule, was introduced during the periplasmic extraction. These results suggest that NikA does not fix nickel directly, but it does it through a natural metallophore. Indeed, when we changed the periplasmic extraction with EDTA to a protocol using chloroform, we obtained a new structure where the nickel in complexed to a molecule similar to EDTA. Since this seems to be the physiological metallophore we have tried to characterise it using a variety of techniques. We also report a preliminary crystallographic analysis of NikR
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Dubois, Vincent. „Expression de l'ADNc Nia2, codant pour une nitrate réductase de tabac, chez la laitue“. Paris 11, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA112060.
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L'utilisation de l'ADNc Nia2, codant pour une nitrate réductase (NR) de Nicotiana tabacum, sous contrôle d'un promoteur constitutif (p35S), dans des plantes de tabac transgéniques, a permis l'obtention de teneurs en nitrate remarquablement faibles pour certains génotypes transgéniques. Cette stratégie pourrait s'avérer une voie intéressante à utiliser chez des espèces accumulatrices de nitrate comme la laitue et l'épinard. Nous avons donc créé et étudié une population de laitues transformées avec la construction p35S ::Nia2. Cependant, l'analyse des teneurs en nitrate n'a jamais permis d'observer de baisses de ces transformants par rapport aux plantes témoins. Afin d'expliquer ces résultats, nous avons cherché a mieux comprendre le fonctionnement du transgène p35S ::Nia2 chez la laitue. Un test in vitro, conçu pour mettre en évidence une activité NR liée à l'expression du transgène, a permis de vérifier que la protéine transgénique était active dans quatre génotypes transformés. Cependant cette expression n'a aucune répercussion sur l'absorption du nitrate et les activités NR totales (endogène + transgénique) contrairement a ce qui avait été observé chez le tabac. Nous nous sommes alors intéressés de plus près à l'expression du transgène et des gènes Nia endogènes dans ces plantes par hybridations northern. Les ARNm Nia2 n'ont été détectés que dans les cotylédons de plantules cultivées sur un milieu assurant une diminution importante de la transcription des gènes Nia endogènes. L'ensemble des résultats obtenus sont compatibles avec l'implication d'un mécanisme de suppression post-transcriptionnelle particulier agissant sur la dégradation soit des ARNm Nia2 et Nia endogènes soit des ARNm Nia2 seuls. La dégradation spécifique des ARNm transgéniques serait initiée de façon très précoce au cours du développement des plantules et d'autant plus tôt que l'expression des gènes Nia endogènes est importanteThe nitrate reductase (NR) Nia2 cDNA from tobacco had been introduced into tobacco plants under the control of the 35S promoter (p35S). Some of these transgenic plants showed low nitrate levels in their leaves. It was interesting to apply this strategy to plants like lettuce or spinach that accumulate high nitrate levels. In this way, we produced and studied a population of transgenic lettuce transformed with the p35S::Nia2 construction. None of these lettuce showed low nitrate levels when compared to the untransformed plants. In order to explain these results, we tried to find and analyze lettuce having a transgenic NR activity. An hi vitro test was used to detect plants specifically expressing the NR activity from Nia2. Four genotypes showed this activity. Nevertheless, no repercussion on nitrate absorption and total NR activity (endogenous + transgenic) was detected in these plants as had been shown previously for transgenic tobacco. Then, we focused on the transgene and endogenous Nia gene expression. By northern blot, we showed that the Nia2 mRNA were only detected in cotyledons of plantlets which were growing on a medium for which the transcription of the endogenous Nia gene was very low. Our results are in accordance with the involving of a specific PTGS (Post-Transcriptional Gene Silencing) mechanism in these transgenic lettuce inducing the degradation either of the Nia2 and endogenous Nia mRNA (phenomenon already observed in tobacco) or of the Nia2 mRNA only. The specific Nia2 mRNA degradation seems to be initiated early in plantlet development and even sooner when the transcription of the endogenous Nia is great. Experiments are currently being conducted in order to develop tools which will be important to confirm and well characterize this mechanism in p33S::Nia2 lettuce
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Barrett, Tamara. „Konaway Nika Tillicum Native American Youth Academy: Cultural Identity, Self-Esteem, and Academic Optimism“. DigitalCommons@USU, 2019. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/7685.
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Through using a Positive Youth Development framework and culturally based education program, Konaway Nikka Tillicum Native American Youth Academy aspires to mentor and prepare Native youth through high school and on to higher education. This collaborative research partnership investigated cultural identity, self-esteem, and academic optimism of Native American youth attending the academy. The results of this program evaluation found that cultural identity, self-esteem, and academic optimism were all closely related to each other as well as that they increased significantly when measured before and after the academy. GPA was found to not be predictive of cultural identity, self-esteem, or academic optimism prior to students attending the academy. Lastly, the relationship between cultural identity and academic optimism appeared to be explained through the indirect effect of self-esteem. The results suggest that culturally based education and positive youth development programs such as Konaway are efficacious in increasing protective factors among Native American youth.
Bücher zum Thema "Nika2"
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Thānvī, Shaukat. Nikah. s.l: s.n., 1999.
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Nika. Moskva: OOO "Pangloss buks", 2008.
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Pelevin, Viktor Olegovich. Nika. 3. Aufl. Sankt-Peterburg: Zlatoust, 2003.
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Ahmad, Ragie Maulana Zahir, Hrsg. Kitabun Nikah with Nikah the Islamic marriage. Karachi: Darul-Ishaat, 1994.
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Nikad robom. Zagreb [Croatia]: V.B.Z., 2018.
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Gin nikan. Tōkyō: Gentōsha, 2010.
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Nurhaedi, Dadi. Nikah di bawah tangan: Praktik nikah sirri mahasiswa Jogja. Depok, Sleman, Jogjakarta: Saujana, 2003.
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Sviták, Ivan. Cesta odnikud nikam. Praha: Agentura Cesty, 1991.
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Nikad više zajedno. 2. Aufl. Wuppertal: Bosanska rijeć, 1996.
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Badri, Yusuf. Nikah beda agama. Bandung: Persis Pers, 2009.
Den vollen Inhalt der Quelle findenBuchteile zum Thema "Nika2"
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Bogdanova, O. V. „XVIII. The “Traditional Postmodernism” of Viktor Pelevin’s Short Story “Nika”“. In The Russian Twentieth Century Short Story, herausgegeben von Lyudmila Parts, 327–42. Boston, USA: Academic Studies Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9781618110169-021.
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Ermine, Willie, und Jeremy Pittman. „Nikan oti (the future): Adaptation and Adaptive Capacity in Two First Nations Communities“. In Climate Change Management, 69–80. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-14776-0_5.
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Zeimpekis, Vasileios. „The Use of Telematics in the Daily Distribution of Perishable Goods: The Case of NIKAS SA“. In Intelligent Agrifood Chains and Networks, 249–65. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781444339895.ch15.
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„nikau, n.“ In Oxford English Dictionary. 3. Aufl. Oxford University Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oed/5759484834.
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„Nika natukulinishishkueun“. In Bibiane Courtois. Kanatukuhitshesht, 73–96. Presses de l'Université Laval, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/jj.12865322.9.
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Cekalova, Alexandra A. „Der Nika-Aufstand“. In Volk und Herrschaft im Frühen Byzanz, 11–17. De Gruyter, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9783112593943-003.
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Seedat, Fatima. „Not a Nikah Khutbah“. In The Women’s Khutbah Book, 198–200. Yale University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.12987/9780300269031-027.
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„5· Among the Nikan“. In The Manchu Way, 210–33. Stanford University Press, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9781503618114-011.
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Akhtar, Muhammad. „Maritime Tourism in Pakistan“. In Maritime Tourism in Pakistan, 1–68. Polaris – Journal of Maritime Research, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.53963/mtp.2022.978.969.nima2.
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„Video 7: Solving nikah siri – unregistered marriage.“ In Scraps of Hope in Banda Aceh: Gendered Urban Politics in the Aceh Peace Process. Helsinki University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.33134/pro-et-contra-1-video-7.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleKonferenzberichte zum Thema "Nika2"
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Macias-Pérez, Juan-Francisco, R. Adam, P. Ade, P. André, M. Arnaud., H. Aussel, I. Bartalucci et al. „NIKA2: a mm camera for cluster cosmology“. In The European Physical Society Conference on High Energy Physics. Trieste, Italy: Sissa Medialab, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.22323/1.314.0042.
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Nisa, Aisyah Khairun, Nadiyasari Agitha, Ni Nyoman Wahyuni Indraswari, Yuniar Islamiati und Nyoman Berlianda Apriliani. „NYC (nikah yuk company) : A start up for your dream wedding“. In INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING (ICoBE 2021). AIP Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0110719.
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Lebedev, V. N., und G. A. Uraev. „ESTIMATION OF EFFECT INOCULATION OF BROWN MUSTARD BACTERIAL PREPARATIONS“. In Agrobiotechnology-2021. Publishing house of RGAU - MSHA, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.26897/978-5-9675-1855-3-2021-30.
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The article presents the results of field studies to assess the growth and productivity of brown mustard (Brassica juncea (L.) Czern.) variety Nika during inoculation of seeds with associative rhizobacterial preparations on sod-podzolic soil. It has been established that biological products stimulate the growth, development and productivity of plants.
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Catalano, A., R. Adam, A. Adane, P. Ade, P. André, A. Beelen, B. Belier et al. „The NIKA 2013-2014 observation campaigns: control of systematic effects and results“. In SPIE Astronomical Telescopes + Instrumentation, herausgegeben von Wayne S. Holland und Jonas Zmuidzinas. SPIE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2055403.
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Đorđević, Bojan. „„Zagreb nam nikad nije bio bliži“: slika Zagreba u beogradskoj štampi i javnosti (1919. – 1929.)“. In Desničini susreti 2018. Filozofski fakultet u Zagrebu, FF Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.17234/desnicini_susreti2018.03.
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Polyudina, Revmira, Vasiliy Grishin und Dmitriy Potapov. „Breeding achievements of the SFNCA RAS for feed production in Siberia“. In Multifunctional adaptive fodder production 29 (77). ru: Federal Williams Research Center of Forage Production and Agroecology, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.33814/mak-2022-29-77-52-57.
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Over the past 5 years, 16 varieties have been created and included in the state register of breeding achievements of the Russian Federation and the Republic of Kazakhstan in the SFNCA RAS: meadow clover — Meteor, Prima; Sudanese grass — Dostyk 15, Karagandinskaya, Nika; spring rapeseed — SibNIIK 21, SibNIIK 32; oilseed radish — Sibiryachka; soy — SibNIIK 9, Gorinskaya; sandy sainfoin — Mikhailovsky 5, Mikhailovsky 10; bromus inermis — Flagman. 14 varieties of agricultural crops are evaluated at the state variety testing of the Russian Federation.
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Nametak, Muhamed. „UTJECAJ ZAVNOBIH-A NA KULTURU I OBRAZOVANJE U BOSNI I HERCEGOVINI NAKON DRUGOG SVJETSKOG RATA“. In Međunarodna naučna konferencija-75. GODIŠNJICA PRVOG ZASJEDANJA ZAVNOBIH-a: POVIJESNA UTEMELJENOST OBNOVLJENE DRŽAVNOSTI BOSNE I HERCEGOVINE U 20. I 21. STOLJEĆU. Academy of Sciences and Arts of Bosnia and Herzegovina, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5644/pi2019.179.08.
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Na osnovu arhivske građe i dosadašnjih rezultata historijskih istraživanja autor ovog rada pokušava da analizira promjene u kulturi koje su nastupile kao posljedica komunističkog preuzimanja vlasti. U trajanju od Prvog zasjedanja ZAVNOBiH-a pa do 1950. desile su se brojne promjene u kulturi i prosvjeti Bosne i Hercegovine u odnosu na dotadašnji period. Obrazovanje je postalo dostupno većem broju ljudi, a institucionalna izgradnja bosanskohercegovačkog kulturnog života dala je priliku za stjecanje znanja kao nikad do tada. Međutim, ne treba zanemariti ni činjenicu da je sav kulturni život bio duboko ideologiziran tako da je kultura pored svoje imanentne uloge imala i ulogu indoktrinacije stanovništva i omladine komunističkom ideologijom.
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Ritacco, Alessia. „NIKA 2: next-generation continuum/polarized camera at the IRAM 30 m telescope and its prototype“. In The many facets of extragalactic radio surveys: towards new scientific challenges. Trieste, Italy: Sissa Medialab, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.22323/1.267.0016.
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Calvo, M., M. Roesch, F. X. Désert, A. Monfardini, A. Benoit, P. Ade, N. Boudou et al. „The NIKA 2011 run: results and perspectives towards a permanent camera for the Pico Veleta observatory“. In SPIE Astronomical Telescopes + Instrumentation, herausgegeben von Wayne S. Holland. SPIE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.927044.
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Leal, João Victor Carvalho, und Márcio Issamu Yamamoto. „ONE PIECE: ESTUDO CONTRASTIVO BILÍNGUE E ANÁLISE DOS TRAÇOS SEMÂNTICOS DO PERSONAGEM DEUS DO SOL, NIKA“. In Anais do Congresso de Ensino, Pesquisa e Extensão. Recife, Brasil: Even3, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.29327/1339050.8-1.
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