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Ali, Usama, Magda El-Tohamy und Gamal Ali. „ADVERSE EFFECTS OF NICKEL ON TESTICULAR EFFICIENCY OF MALE RABBITS“. Zagazig Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 5, Nr. 2 (01.12.1996): 105–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/zjps.1996.185028.
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Liu, Chenguang, Huan Xu, Hui Zhang, Peiyuan Liu, Gong Yang, Lili Cui und Haiwen Wang. „Research Progress of the Effects of Trace S Element on the Microstructure of Cast Nickel-base Superalloys“. E3S Web of Conferences 299 (2021): 02004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202129902004.
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In the process of alloy melting and vacuum pouring, the impurity S element will inevitably be introduced into the nickel-base superalloys, which will cause adverse effects on the microstructure and properties of the cast nickel-base superalloys. In this paper, the research progress of S element in cast nickel-base superalloys is summarized. The effects of S element on the microstructure are described in detail from experimental researches and first-principles. The reasons for the grain boundary embrittlement caused by S atom are discussed, and the authors wish to provide some references for the better development of cast nickel-base superalloys.
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Beshir, Safia, Khadiga Salah Ibrahim, Weam Shaheen und Eman M. Shahy. „Hormonal Perturbations in Occupationally Exposed Nickel Workers“. Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences 4, Nr. 2 (31.03.2016): 307–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2016.046.
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BACKGROUND: Nickel exposure is recognized as an endocrine disruptor because of its adverse effects on reproduction.AIM: This study was designed to investigate the possible testiculo-hormonal perturbations on workers occupationally exposed to nickel and to assess its effects on human male sexual function. METHODS: Cross-sectional comparative study, comprising 105 electroplating male non-smoker, non-alcoholic workers exposed to soluble nickel and 60 controls was done. Serum luteinizing hormone, follicle stimulating hormone, testosterone levels and urinary nickel concentrations were determined for the studied groups. RESULTS: Serum luteinizing hormone, follicle stimulating hormone, urinary nickel and the simultaneous incidence of more than one sexual disorder were significantly higher in the exposed workers compared to controls. The occurrence of various types of sexual disorders (decreased libido, impotence and premature ejaculation) in the exposed workers was 9.5, 5.1 and 4.4 folds respectively than the controls.CONCLUSIONS: Exposure to nickel produces possible testiculo-hormonal perturbations in those exposed workers.
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El Safty, Amal Mohamed Kamal, Aisha Mohamed Samir, Mona Kamal Mekkawy und Marwa Mohamed Fouad. „Genotoxic Effects Due to Exposure to Chromium and Nickel Among Electroplating Workers“. International Journal of Toxicology 37, Nr. 3 (19.03.2018): 234–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1091581818764084.
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Using chromium and nickel for electroplating is important in many industries. This process induces variable adverse health effects among exposed workers. The aim of this study is to detect the genotoxic effects of combined exposure to chromium and nickel among electroplating workers. This study was conducted on 41 male workers occupationally exposed to chromium and nickel in the electroplating section of a factory compared to 41 male nonexposed individuals, where full history and clinical examination were performed. Laboratory investigations included measurement of serum chromium, nickel, 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), and micronuclei were measured in buccal cells. In exposed workers, serum chromium ranged from 0.09 to 7.20 µg/L, serum nickel ranged from 1.20 to 28.00 µg/L, serum 8-OHdG ranged from 1.09 to12.60 ng/mL, and these results were statistically significantly increased compared to nonexposed group ( P < 0.001). Electroplaters showed higher frequencies of micronuclei in buccal cells when compared to nonexposed (ranged from 20.00 to 130.00 N/1,000 versus 2.00 to 28.00 N/1,000; P < 0.001). Linear regression models were done to detect independent predictors of 8-OHdG and micronucleus test by comparing exposed and nonexposed groups. The model found that exposure to chromium and nickel increases serum 8-OHdG by 4.754 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.54-5.96). The model found that exposure to chromium and nickel increases micronucleus by 35.927 (95% CI: 28.517-43.337). Serum 8-OHdG and micronucleus test in buccal cells were increased with combined exposure to chromium and nickel. The current research concluded that workers exposed to nickel and chromium in electroplating industry are at risk of significant cytogenetic damage.
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More, Sharlee L., Michael Kovochich, Tara Lyons-Darden, Michael Taylor, Alexandra M. Schulte und Amy K. Madl. „Review and Evaluation of the Potential Health Effects of Oxidic Nickel Nanoparticles“. Nanomaterials 11, Nr. 3 (05.03.2021): 642. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano11030642.
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The exceptional physical and chemical properties of nickel nanomaterials have been exploited in a range of applications such as electrical conductors, batteries, and biomaterials. However, it has been suggested that these unique properties may allow for increased bioavailability, bio-reactivity, and potential adverse health effects. Thus, the purpose of this review was to critically evaluate data regarding the toxicity of oxidic nickel nanoparticles (nickel oxide (NiO) and nickel hydroxide (Ni(OH)2) nanoparticles) with respect to: (1) physico-chemistry properties; (2) nanomaterial characterization in the defined delivery media; (3) appropriateness of model system and translation to potential human effects; (4) biodistribution, retention, and clearance; (5) routes and relevance of exposure; and (6) current research data gaps and likely directions of future research. Inhalation studies were prioritized for review as this represents a potential exposure route in humans. Oxidic nickel particle size ranged from 5 to 100 nm in the 60 studies that were identified. Inflammatory responses induced by exposure of oxidic nickel nanoparticles via inhalation in rodent studies was characterized as acute in nature and only displayed chronic effects after relatively large (high concentration and long duration) exposures. Furthermore, there is no evidence, thus far, to suggest that the effects induced by oxidic nickel nanoparticles are related to preneoplastic events. There are some data to suggest that nano- and micron-sized NiO particles follow a similar dose response when normalized to surface area. However, future experiments need to be conducted to better characterize the exposure–dose–response relationship according to specific surface area and reactivity as a dose metric, which drives particle dissolution and potential biological responses.
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Zaitseva, N. V., M. A. Zemlyanova, Yu V. Koldibekova und N. I. Bulatova. „Omic markers identification for predicting risks of negative effects in children with elevated copper and nickel contents in blood“. Health Risk Analysis, Nr. 1 (März 2021): 48–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.21668/health.risk/2021.1.05.
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Proteomic profiling is a promising procedure for examining and substantiating molecular mechanisms of body reactions occurrence and development as a response to adverse impacts; it allows detecting and examining these reactions at early stages in their development prior to cellular damage and damage to organs. Studies aimed at increasing efficiency of adverse effects prediction are especially vital for solving tasks related to early detection and prevention of consequences associated with exposure to chemical environmental factors, first of all, ambient air. Our research goal was to identify omic-markers for predicting risks of negative effects in children with elevated copper and nickel contents in blood. We performed proteomic blood plasma examination in children and modeled cause-and-effect relations. Children with copper and nickel contents in their blood being 3.5 times higher than physiological standard had approximately 20 protein stains that were authentically different from those detected in children from the reference group. We detected correlations between an increase in relative volume of three protein stains including apolipoprotein A-I, anchor protein of A-kinase 9, vitronectin, and a decrease in relative volume of one protein strain including transthyretin and elevated copper and nickel contents in blood (R2=0.30–0.44; р=0.0001–0.008). All the above-mentioned proteins have predictive significance when it comes down to negative effects related to neuroregulation disorders and endothelial dysfunction. It was proven that there was a risk of predicted negative effects such as greater frequency of nervous and cardiovascular system diseases in case copper and nickel contents in blood were elevated (R2=0.35–0.96; р=0.0001–0.013). The established list of potential target molecules (apolipoprotein A-I, vitronectin, anchor protein of A-kinase 9, and transthyretin) and genes that coded their expression (APOA1, VTN,AKAP9,TTR) was substantiated as omic-markers indicating a possibility that negative effects might occur in the cardiovascular and nervous system.
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Zaitseva, N. V., M. A. Zemlyanova, Yu V. Koldibekova und N. I. Bulatova. „Omic markers identification for predicting risks of negative effects in children with elevated copper and nickel contents in blood“. Health Risk Analysis, Nr. 1 (März 2021): 48–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.21668/health.risk/2021.1.05.eng.
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Proteomic profiling is a promising procedure for examining and substantiating molecular mechanisms of body reactions occurrence and development as a response to adverse impacts; it allows detecting and examining these reactions at early stages in their development prior to cellular damage and damage to organs. Studies aimed at increasing efficiency of adverse effects prediction are especially vital for solving tasks related to early detection and prevention of consequences associated with exposure to chemical environmental factors, first of all, ambient air. Our research goal was to identify omic-markers for predicting risks of negative effects in children with elevated copper and nickel contents in blood. We performed proteomic blood plasma examination in children and modeled cause-and-effect relations. Children with copper and nickel contents in their blood being 3.5 times higher than physiological standard had approximately 20 protein stains that were authentically different from those detected in children from the reference group. We detected correlations between an increase in relative volume of three protein stains including apolipoprotein A-I, anchor protein of A-kinase 9, vitronectin, and a decrease in relative volume of one protein strain including transthyretin and elevated copper and nickel contents in blood (R2=0.30–0.44; р=0.0001–0.008). All the above-mentioned proteins have predictive significance when it comes down to negative effects related to neuroregulation disorders and endothelial dysfunction. It was proven that there was a risk of predicted negative effects such as greater frequency of nervous and cardiovascular system diseases in case copper and nickel contents in blood were elevated (R2=0.35–0.96; р=0.0001–0.013). The established list of potential target molecules (apolipoprotein A-I, vitronectin, anchor protein of A-kinase 9, and transthyretin) and genes that coded their expression (APOA1, VTN,AKAP9,TTR) was substantiated as omic-markers indicating a possibility that negative effects might occur in the cardiovascular and nervous system.
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Katsnelson, Boris A., Ivan N. Chernyshov, Svetlana N. Solovyeva, Ilzira A. Minigalieva, Vladimir B. Gurvich, Irene E. Valamina, Oleg H. Makeyev et al. „Looking for the LOAEL or NOAEL Concentration of Nickel-Oxide Nanoparticles in a Long-Term Inhalation Exposure of Rats“. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, Nr. 1 (03.01.2021): 416. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22010416.
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Rats were exposed to nickel oxide nano-aerosol at a concentration of 2.4 ± 0.4 µg/m3 in a “nose only” inhalation setup for 4 h at a time, 5 times a week, during an overall period of 2 weeks to 6 months. Based on the majority of the effects assessed, this kind of exposure may be considered as close to LOAEL (lowest observed adverse effect level), or even to NOAEL (no observed adverse effect level). At the same time, the experiment revealed genotoxic and allergic effects as early as in the first weeks of exposure, suggesting that these effects may have no threshold at all.
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Hensten-Pettersen, Arne. „Casting Alloys: Side-Effects“. Advances in Dental Research 6, Nr. 1 (September 1992): 38–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/08959374920060011401.
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Side-effects from dental materials are a minor problem, but should be recognized. In recent questionnaire surveys about side-effects, the incidence was estimated to be 1:300 in periodontics and 1:2600 in pedodontics. None of these reactions was related to dental casting alloys. In prosthodontics, the incidence was calculated to be about 1:400, and about 27% were related to base-metal alloys forremovable partial dentures (cobalt, chromium, nickel) and to noble/goldbased alloys for porcelain-fused-to-metal restorations. The complaints consisted of intra-oral reactions (such as redness, swelling, and pain of the oral mucosa and lips), oral/gingival lichenoid reactions, and a few instances of systemic reactions. In orthodontics, the incidence was 1:100, and most reactions (85%) were related to metal parts of the extra-oral anchorage devices. Even though the extensive use of base-metal alloys has been of major concern to the dental profession, relatively few case reports substantiate this concern. Allergy to gold-based dental restorations has been more commonly reported. Palladium-based alloys have been associated with several cases of stomatitis and oral lichenoid reactions. Palladium allergy seems to occur mainly in patients who are very sensitive to nickel. All casting alloys, except titanium, seem to have a potential for eliciting adverse reactions in individual hypersensitive patients. Tolerance induction may be a possible benefit of the use of intra-orally placed alloys. In non-sensitized individuals, oral antigenic contacts to nickel and chromium may induce tolerance rather than sensitization. A variety of systemic diseases and reactions has been claimed to be caused by dental materials. The claims are generally poorly documented. Further controlled clinical trials are necessary for assessment of the problems associated with metal allergy and dental treatment procedures, and for development of a scientific basis for training clinicians in proper treatment planning for hypersensitive patients.
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Vyskočil, Adolf, Václav Senft, Claude Viau, Milena Cížková und Josef Kohout. „Biochemical Renal Changes in Workers Exposed to Soluble Nickel Compounds“. Human & Experimental Toxicology 13, Nr. 4 (April 1994): 257–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096032719401300406.
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1 Biochemical markers of kidney damage were examined in 14 male and 12 female workers highly exposed to soluble nickel compounds in a chemical plant. The results were compared to those obtained in 12 male and 12 female matched controls. 2 The concentration of nickel in urine of male and female workers averaged 5.0 and 10.3 μg g-1 creatinine, respectively. The mean duration of exposure in male and female workers was 25 and 15 years. 3 No difference was found in the mean urinary excretion of lactate dehydrogenase, albumin and transferrin in both sexes, total proteins, β2microglobulin (β2-m) and retinol-binding protein (RBP) in males and lysozyme in females. Lysozyme and N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) were increased in male and total proteins, β2-m, NAG and RBP in female exposed workers. Significant correlations between urinary concentrations of nickel on one side and that of β2-m in women (r = 0.462, P = 0.022) and men ( r = 0.41, P = 0.018) and of NAG in men ( r = 0.405, P = 0.019) on the other side were found in exposed subjects. 4 Results indicate adverse effects of soluble nickel compounds on the kidney tubular function. In agreement with literature data it seems that those effects occur only at high exposure levels.
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BYBORDI, Ahmad, und Mohammad Nabi GHEIBI. „Growth and Chlorophyll Content of Canola Plants Supplied with Urea and Ammonium Nitrate in Response to Various Nickel Levels“. Notulae Scientia Biologicae 1, Nr. 1 (07.12.2009): 53–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.15835/nsb113443.
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Both the beneficial and the adverse effects of various nickel level supplements on growth and chlorophyll content of canola plants were evaluated while either urea or ammonium nitrate was supplied as the sole N source in the nutrient solutions. This study was arranged in completely randomized with three replications. Treatments included nutrient solution cultures containing urea and ammonium nitrate at the rate of 84 mg N L-1 separately as nitrogen sources with four nickel levels as NiSO4.6H2O at the rates of 0, 0.01, 0.05 and 0.1 mg Ni L-1. Plants were allowed to grow for 6 weeks then leaves chlorophyll content and shoots and roots fresh and dry weight were determined. Both plant growth and leaves chlorophyll content of the urea-fed plants increased significantly with the increase in nickel content up to 0.1 mg Ni L-1. However, root fresh and dry weight increased up to 0.01 mg Ni L-1 and started to decrease with further increase in solutions nickel content. Nickel did not affect these parameters with plants supplied with ammonium nitrate significantly. In these plants, the optimum nickel level for shoot growth and leaves chlorophyll content was 0.05 mg L-1 and for root fresh and dry weight was 0.01 mg Ni L-1. Further increase in Ni concentration reduced growth. As a whole, plants received urea plus nickel performed better than those received ammonium nitrate plus nickel.
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Picarelli, Antonio, Marco Di Tola, Anna Vallecoccia, Valerio Libanori, Mirella Magrelli, Marta Carlesimo und Alfredo Rossi. „Oral Mucosa Patch Test: A New Tool to Recognize and Study the Adverse Effects of Dietary Nickel Exposure“. Biological Trace Element Research 139, Nr. 2 (05.03.2010): 151–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12011-010-8652-y.
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Pereira, Cássio Vicente, Estela Kaminagakura, Paulo Rogério Ferreti Bonan, Renata Avelar Bastos und Luciano José Pereira. „Cellular, Humoral, and Histopathologic Analysis in Rats Implanted with Orthodontic Nickel Brackets“. Angle Orthodontist 78, Nr. 1 (01.01.2008): 114–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.2319/122906-536.1.
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Abstract Objective: To determine the immune response related to nickel and nickel-free orthodontic appliances using cellular (total and differential leukocytes) and humoral (IgA) quantification. Materials and Methods: Thirty-five Wister rats were randomly distributed into three groups (A, B, and C). In the A group, the animals were subdivided into three subgroups (A1: control, without brackets; A2: nickel-free brackets; and A3: nickel brackets) with seven animals in each group; the animals were sacrificed after 14 days. Groups B and C received only nickel brackets and were kept for 14 days. After this period, the implants were removed and the rats were sacrificed. In group B, the animals were sacrificed 2 days after the appliance removal (16 days in total); and in group C, the animals were sacrificed 7 days after the brackets removal (21 days in total). Total and differential leukocyte number, IgA quantification and histopathologic analysis were done. Histopathologic analysis of subcutaneous tissue related to the orthodontic brackets was done as well. Results: There were significant differences between the number of leukocytes for the nickel-implanted animals and the nickel-free and control groups after 14 days of implantation (P < .05). However, there was no significant difference among groups A1, A2, and A3 for the differential number of leukocytes and for the IgA quantification, except for the number of monocytes, which was three times higher in the nickel group (A3). The histopathologic findings did not show differences between groups. Conclusions: Nickel did not promote significant adverse biological effects.
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Minigalieva, Ilzira, Boris Katsnelson, Larisa Privalova, Marina Sutunkova, Vladimir Gurvich, Vladimir Shur, Ekaterina Shishkina et al. „Attenuation of Combined Nickel(II) Oxide and Manganese(II, III) Oxide Nanoparticles’ Adverse Effects with a Complex of Bioprotectors“. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 16, Nr. 9 (17.09.2015): 22555–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms160922555.
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Karlina, Irene, Rahmi Amtha, Boedi Oetomo Roeslan und Yuniar Zen. „The Release of Total Metal Ion and Genotoxicity of Stainless Steel Brackets: Experimental Study Using Micronucleus Assay“. Indonesian Biomedical Journal 8, Nr. 2 (01.08.2016): 97. http://dx.doi.org/10.18585/inabj.v8i2.193.
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BACKGROUND: Stainless steel brackets are composed of various metal that may corrode in oral cavity. Corrosion is caused by the release of metal ions such as chromium, nickel, and iron. The release of metal ions can cause adverse effects such as toxicity, allergic, and mutagenicity. To evaluate the biocompatibility of stainless steel brackets, micronucleus assay as one of genotoxicity assay is used in this study. To determine the differences and the correlation of metal ions release and genotoxic activity among three brand stainless steel brackets.METHODS: Three brands of brackets were immersed in artificial saliva for 672 hours and the release of ion chromium, nikel and iron were examined. The cytokynesis block micronucleus assay (CBMN) using lymphocytes was performed as well.RESULTS: The highest metal releasing were nickel, cromium, iron, respectively (30.5, 27.2, 23.4 ppb). There was a significant differences between total nickel and iron ion release among three brand brackets (p=0.04, p=0.02). Genotoxicity of metal ion released was correlated with durration of immersion brackets (p=0.01). Genotoxicity was significant correlated with the release of chromium (p=0.03) and nickel (p=0.01).CONCLUSION: Genotoxicity of stainless steel brackets was influenced by duration of immersion but not influenced by brand brackets. KEYWORDS: genotoxicity, stainless steel brackets, metal ion
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Listriyana, Ani, Muhammad Zikra und Daniel M. Rosyid. „Dynamic Modeling System for Analysis Smelter Development Plan in National Baluran Park, Situbondo“. Applied Mechanics and Materials 862 (Januar 2017): 154–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.862.154.
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This Studies in several countries, the waste from the nickel smelter cause adverse effects on the environment, which indirectly affect the economy condition. Plan development of Nickel smelter which is directly adjacent to the national park Baluran in Situbondo quite disturbing some people. National park has a beach about 48 km long with a stretch of coral reef 5-10 meters out to sea into creating high productivity in these waters, especially various types of reef fish such as grouper. The highest numbers of catches are in district Banyuputih where the glaze was located 1734.65 tons in 2011, followed by the District Besuki with catches of 964.20 tons. In general activities in the nickel smelting are result some waste such as heavy metals such as Cu, Fe, Zn, Mn, waste heat from cooling water and wastewater canal SO2. Heavy metals and waste heatare potential adverse impact on the coral reefs, fish capture fisheries and the other marine commodities. While waste SO2 causes acid rain damage potential plant of agriculture, fisheries not only in the park but it could be damaging crops in the National Park that have an effect on the scenery, the number of visitors, and reduce operating revenues derived from the national park. We use the concept of gaming between actors to estimate the associated policy goal of this smelter. As for observing the behavior of the system over the next 10-30 years used the dynamics modeling system with 3 scenarios. Optimist scenario(there is Green smelter), excisting scenario(Condition without smelter) and pessimist scenario(there is non green smelter).
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Ferreira, Aldo Pacheco. „Estimation of heavy metals in little blue heron (Egretta caerulea) collected from sepetiba bay, rio de janeiro, brazil“. Brazilian Journal of Oceanography 58, Nr. 4 (Dezember 2010): 269–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1679-87592010000400002.
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Samples of liver and kidney of Little Blue Heron (Egretta caerulea) collected on Sepetiba Bay, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, were analysed for their copper, zinc, cadmium, lead, chromium and nickel content. Mean concentration levels in liver and kidney (μg.g-1 dry weight) were 6.32955 and 6.57136 (Cd); 78.17409 and 96.89409 (Zn); 44.01727 and 65.20864 (Cu); 41.15091 and 39.62318 (Pb); 2.80091 and 4.16455 (Cr); and 9.27182 and 9.91091 (Ni), respectively. Results indicate relatively high trace metal contamination in E. caerulea, showing potential widespread biological and mutagenic adverse effects at trophic levels, and therefore, signalling risk to human health.
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Wasel, Ola, und Jennifer Freeman. „Comparative Assessment of Tungsten Toxicity in the Absence or Presence of Other Metals“. Toxics 6, Nr. 4 (09.11.2018): 66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxics6040066.
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Tungsten is a refractory metal that is used in a wide range of applications. It was initially perceived that tungsten was immobile in the environment, supporting tungsten as an alternative for lead and uranium in munition and military applications. Recent studies report movement and detection of tungsten in soil and potable water sources, increasing the risk of human exposure. In addition, experimental research studies observed adverse health effects associated with exposure to tungsten alloys, raising concerns on tungsten toxicity with questions surrounding the safety of exposure to tungsten alone or in mixtures with other metals. Tungsten is commonly used as an alloy with nickel and cobalt in many applications to adjust hardness and thermal and electrical conductivity. This review addresses the current state of knowledge in regard to the mechanisms of toxicity of tungsten in the absence or presence of other metals with a specific focus on mixtures containing nickel and cobalt, the most common components of tungsten alloy.
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Sadiq Laylani, Layla Abd-Al-Sattar. „Effect of Carthamus Tinctorius Safflower Aqueous Extract Against Nickel Chloride Induces Hematotoxicity and Immunotoxicity in Adult Male Rabbits“. Ibn AL- Haitham Journal For Pure and Applied Science 30, Nr. 3 (28.12.2017): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.30526/30.3.1597.
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This study was designed to show, the role of Carthamus tinctorius safflower aqueous extract against toxicity of nickel chloride (NiCl2). Twenty male, rabbits were used and divided into four groups (with 5 rabbits in each group); group (control group) received normal diet, group II received orally 100mg/kg NiCl2 for six weeks, group III received 100mg/kg NiCl2 and 100mg/kg extract six weeks, group IV received 100mg/kg NiCl2 and 200mg/ kg extract six weeks. Hematological parameters showed (RBC (Red blood cells), Hb (Hemoglobin), PCV (Packed cells volume) decreased and WBC (White blood cells) increased) significant changes (P < 0.05) compared with control group. Immunological parameters (IgG, IgA and IgM increased) and oxidative stress factors (MDA increased and GSH decreased) show significant changes (P < 0.05) compared with control group. While, safflower aqueous adverse the negative effects of NiCl2 and causing ameliorative effects on all hematological parameters, hematological immunological parameters and oxidative stress factors showed no significant changes (P < 0.05) compared with control group. It was concluded that flower extract of Carthamus tinctorius has been antioxidant role against nickel chloride toxicity in rabbits.
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Li, Xue, Ming Zhang und Tian-peng Gao. „Exogenous abscisic acid alleviates the toxicity of nickel in wheat seedlings“. E3S Web of Conferences 293 (2021): 03023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202129303023.
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In order to evaluate the effects of exogenous abscisic acid (ABA) in alleviating nickel (Ni) stress in wheat plants. We studied the changes of biochemical and physiological in wheat seedlings exposed to 250 μM Ni with or without different treatments of ABA. Exposed to Ni (250 μM) caused adverse effect on growth of wheat seedlings, which was accompanied by increased the concentrations of superoxide anion（O2−） and malondialdehyde (MDA). However, exogenous application of ABA (2.5 and 5 μM) alleviated the Ni-induced inhibition of plant growth, decreased the concentrations of O2− and MDA in wheat shoots. Further, application of ABA significantly modulated the activities of antioxidant enzymes and enhanced content of proline and soluble sugar in Ni-stressed wheats, but the application of 20 μM of ABA had no different significantly response for these parameters. The results indicated that application of ABA enhanced the antioxidant defense activities in Ni-stressed wheats, thus alleviating Ni-induced oxidative injury and enhancing Ni tolerance.
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Orisakwe, O. E., E. Nwachukwu, H. B. Osadolor, O. J. Afonne und C. E. Okocha. „Liver and kidney function tests amongst paint factory workers in Nkpor, Nigeria“. Toxicology and Industrial Health 23, Nr. 3 (April 2007): 161–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0748233707081908.
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Lead, cadmium, nickel and other industrial metals used as part of paint varnishes have been reported to have adverse health implications. An evaluation study on some toxicological effects of occupational exposure to paint, among 25 occupationally exposed artisans and 25 students (control) of Ichi Technical College, Ichi Ekwusigo Local Government Area, Anambra State, Nigeria was carried out. Heavy metals were analysed by atomic absorption spectrophotometry and standard assay procedures were employed for biochemical parameters. The biochemical indices used include serum electrolytes urea, creatinine, alanine (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferases (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), conjugated and total bilirubin. Others include blood lead, serum cadmium and nickel. Our results showed that occupational exposure of humans to paints increased the blood lead (39 ± 4 μg/dL), serum cadmium (13 ± 1 μg/dL) and nickel (63 ± 1 μg/dL), when compared with non-paint factory workers (PFW) lead (17 ± 4 μg/dL), serum cadmium (9 ± μg/dL) and nickel (25 ± 44 μg/dL), significantly at P < 0.05 lower values were observed for serum sodium (138.96 ± 0.58mmol/L), bicarbonate (26.88 ± 0.39 mmol/L), urea (3.15 ± 0.13 mmol/L) and creatinine (80.48 ± 1.04 μmol/L) for paints factory workers when compared with non-paint factory workers, sodium (139.84 ±0.62mmol/L), bicarbonate (26.20 ±0.22mmol/L), urea (3.44 ± 0.11 mmol/L) and creatinine (80.40 ± 1.55 μmol/L); at P > 0.05. The activities of AST (10.36 ± 0.58 μ/L), ALT(8.76 ± 0.47 μ/L) and ALP (47.12 ± 3.33 μ/L) in PFW were slightly elevated compared with non-PFW. Our result indicates that occupational exposure of humans to heavy metals in paints may have long term deleterious effects on liver and renal functions. In conclusion, it should be noted that occupational exposure to cadmium or lead among PFW, may compromise the liver and renal functions in man. Toxicology and Industrial Health 2007; 23: 161—165.
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Soldán, Maroš, Hana Kobetičová und Tomáš Štefko. „Sorption of Methylene Blue by Alternative Adsorbents“. Research Papers Faculty of Materials Science and Technology Slovak University of Technology 27, Nr. 44 (01.06.2019): 73–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/rput-2019-0008.
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Abstract The presence of dyes in effluents is a major concern due to their adverse effects to many forms of life. Dyes are generally removed by conventional sorbents. This article discusses the use of adsorbents from the waste metal production (low-cost sorbents), red mud (RM) and black nickel mud (BNM), to remove methylene blue solution (MB) under different test conditions, such as time and temperature of sorption and weight of sorbent samples. From the obtained data, we can claim that the highest achieved sorption efficiency was achieved by a RM sorbent at 60 °C after 48 hours of sorption with all three weights of samples (83.01 – 83.72%).
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Mathew, Blessy, Vaishaly A. G und Krishnamurthy N. B. „Health effects caused by metal contaminated ground water“. International Journal of Advances in Scientific Research 1, Nr. 2 (25.03.2015): 60. http://dx.doi.org/10.7439/ijasr.v1i2.1798.
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The main threats to human health are associated with the exposure to heavy metals like lead, cadmium, zinc,manganese, copper, nickel, chromium, mercury and arsenic. Even though adverse health effect due to heavy metals is known, still exposure continues the same in most of the developing countries. Cadmium found in low concentration in rocks, coal, and petroleum, enters the groundwater and surface water through industrial discharge, metal painting by which it replaces the zinc biochemically in the body and causes high blood pressure, liver and kidney damage, and anemia. Cadmium emission is increasing dramatically as it is not recycled and often dumped along with the household waste. The general population is exposed to mercury through food; fish is the major source of methyl mercury exposure and dental amalgam. Lead enters environment from industry, mining and as a water additive. Affects red blood cell chemistry,delays normal physical and mental development in babies and young children, increase in blood pressure in some adults. In ground water used as drinking water, arsenic concentrations ranged from 0.11340g L?1.Exposure to the arsenic is mainly through food and drinking water which has the high risk of cancer of lung, skin, bladder and kidney, skin lesions such as hyperkeratosis and pigmentation changes.
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Kim, Ahra, SangJin Park und Joo Hyun Sung. „Cell Viability and Immune Response to Low Concentrations of Nickel and Cadmium: An In Vitro Model“. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, Nr. 24 (09.12.2020): 9218. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17249218.
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Environmental exposure to low concentrations of heavy metals is common in the general population, but the toxicity, immune response mechanisms, and the effects of single and mixed metal exposures have not been clearly identified. In this study, A549 cells and Raw264.7 cells were exposed to low concentrations of the heavy metals nickel (Ni) and cadmium (Cd) for 24, 48, and 72 h, and then cell viability and cytokine levels were analyzed. We found that exposure to low concentrations of Ni (50 nM) or Cd (10 nM) alone did not affect cell viability. However, mixing them together decreased cell viability. In addition, the levels of IL-10, IL-12, and TNF-α decreased with single (only Cd) and mixed (Ni and Cd) exposures. These results show that exposure to low concentrations of heavy metals could affect the normal immune response, even without obvious clinical manifestations. Therefore, chronic exposure to heavy metals might have adverse effects on overall health.
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Nadgórska-Socha, Aleksandra. „Bać się czy się nie bać? Bioakumulacja, bioindykacja i toksyczność metali ciężkich Rośliny w świetle badań terenowych i laboratoryjnych“. Narracje o Zagładzie, specjalny (21.06.2021): 225–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.31261/noz.2021.dhc.10.
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Heavy metals that pose a threat to the environment include lead (Pb), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), nickel (Ni) and mercury (Hg). Biomonitoring of environmental quality using plants is widely accepted as a reliable and inexpensive way of obtaining information on contamination also by heavy metals. It allows the assessment of the direction of changes in the natural environment and development of prognoses and methods for early warning related to predicted transformations in ecosystems. This paper presents the results of field and laboratory studies on floristic biodiversity in the areas of southern Poland related to extraction and processing of Zn and Pb ores. The paper also shows the selected plant defence mechanisms against the excess of heavy metals and the results of bioindication studies using different plant species, including the selected metallophytes related to the assessment of contamination levels and the most frequently used plant ecophysiological parameters. It is necessary to monitor contamination level, popularize knowledge and take action at the level of local authorities to mitigate adverse effects of human activity, bearing in mind possible bioaccumulation of heavy metals in the food chain and the adverse health effects associated with environmental contamination.
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Zverev, Vitali, und Mikhail V. Kozlov. „The Fluctuating Asymmetry of the Butterfly Wing Pattern Does Not Change along an Industrial Pollution Gradient“. Symmetry 13, Nr. 4 (09.04.2021): 626. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym13040626.
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The rapid and selective responses to changes in habitat structure and climate have made butterflies valuable environmental indicators. In this study, we asked whether the decline in butterfly populations near the copper-nickel smelter in Monchegorsk in northwestern Russia is accompanied by phenotypic stress responses to toxic pollutants, expressed as a decrease in body size and an increase in fluctuating asymmetry. We measured the concentrations of nickel and copper, forewing length, and fluctuating asymmetry in two elements of wing patterns in Boloria euphrosyne, Plebejus idas, and Agriades optilete collected 1–65 km from Monchegorsk. Body metal concentrations increased toward the smelter, confirming the local origin of the collected butterflies. The wings of butterflies from the most polluted sites were 5–8% shorter than those in unpolluted localities, suggesting adverse effects of pollution on butterfly fitness due to larval feeding on contaminated plants. However, fluctuating asymmetry averaged across two hindwing spots did not change systematically with pollution, thereby questioning the use of fluctuating asymmetry as an indicator of habitat quality in butterfly conservation projects.
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Parande, Gururaj, Vyasaraj Manakari, Saif Wakeel, Milli Kujur und Manoj Gupta. „Enhancing Mechanical Response of Monolithic Magnesium Using Nano-NiTi (Nitinol) Particles“. Metals 8, Nr. 12 (02.12.2018): 1014. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met8121014.
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The present study focuses on investigating the effects of Nickel-Titanium (NiTi) nanoparticles on the microstructure and properties of pure Mg. Mg composites containing varying weight percentages (0.5, 1, 1.5, 3) of NiTi nanoparticles were fabricated using Disintegrated Melt Deposition (DMD), followed by hot extrusion. The synthesized materials were characterized in order to investigate their physical, microstructural and mechanical properties. Synthesized materials were characterized for their density and porosity levels, microstructural characteristics, and mechanical response. Superior grain refinement was realized by the presence of NiTi nanoparticles in the magnesium matrix. The addition of NiTi nanoparticles resulted in strength property enhancements of pure Mg with minimal adverse effect on the ductility. Structure-property evaluations are detailed in the current study.
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Outridge, P. M., und A. M. Scheuhammer. „Bioaccumulation and toxicology of nickel: implications for wild mammals and birds“. Environmental Reviews 1, Nr. 2 (01.07.1993): 172–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/a93-013.
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The tissues of wild mammals and birds from uncontaminated environments generally contain from ~0.1 to 5 μg nickel∙g dry weight−1, whereas in Ni-polluted environments, tissues accumulate from -0.5 to 10 (mammals) and -0.5 to 80 (birds) μg nickel∙g dry weight−1. The highest concentrations in these ranges are usually associated with tissues directly exposed to the external environment (fur, feathers, skin). Bone frequently contains higher Ni concentrations than other internal tissues. Ni concentrations in the most commonly analysed internal organs (liver, kidneys) range from nondetectable to about 3 μg∙g dry weight−1, the kidneys often containing higher concentrations than the liver. There is some evidence that birds may tend to accumulate higher Ni burdens in polluted habitats than do mammals. For mammals, reduced growth and survival occur in response to chronic exposure to 500–2500 μg Ni∙g diet−1 (10–50 mg∙kg body weight−1∙d−1). Effects on reproduction and essential trace metal (especially iron) metabolism have been reported at levels as low as 5 μg∙g−1 in food or drinking water (0.2–0.4 mg∙kg body weight−1∙d−1), but these findings have not always been corroborated. Toxicological data on birds are more limited than those pertaining to mammals. Newly hatched chickens suffered reduced growth rates when fed ≥300 μg∙g diet−1, and chicks began to die when fed diets containing ≥500 μg∙g−1. In newly hatched mallard ducklings, chronic exposure to ≥800 μg∙g diet−1 resulted in ataxia, tremors, and significant mortality, whereas adult mallards fed 800 μg∙g−1 showed no evidence of systemic or reproductive toxicity. Tissue concentrations of Ni were not reliable indicators of potential toxicity in either mammals or birds, because significant effects, including mortality, frequently occurred in the absence of elevated tissue Ni concentrations. However, when there is evidence of elevated tissue Ni concentrations (>10 μg∙g−1 in the kidneys, and (or) >3 μg∙g−1 dry weight in the liver), Ni exposure sufficient to cause significant toxic effects should be suspected. Nickel has been reported in aquatic macrophytes and lower plants (but not in invertebrates or zooplankton) in the vicinity of Ni smelters in Canada in concentrations that approach or exceed dietary levels known to cause adverse effects in young animals. Sensitive species of wildlife ingesting this vegetation for considerable periods of time could experience Ni-related toxicity. In addition, wildlife food chains involving aquatic organisms (plants, invertebrates, fish) risk alterations in community structure in Ni-contaminated environments as Ni-sensitive taxa are eliminated or their abundance is reduced.Key words: nickel, toxicology, wildlife.
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Younis, Abeer Abdelrazk, und Hebatollah Ahmed Ismail. „Triacontanol Alleviated Nickel Toxicity in Maize Seedling by Controlling Its Uptake and Enhancing Antioxidant System“. Journal of Advances in Plant Biology 1, Nr. 3 (21.10.2019): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.14302/issn.2638-4469.japb-19-3051.
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Triacontanol (TRIA) role in improving growth, physiological activities and tolerance against abiotic stresses has been reported. Yet, the mechanism by which TRIA executes its effects remains elusive. This work therefore studied the possible role of TRIA exogenous application in counteracting the adverse effects of nickel (Ni) treated maize seedlings. Maize seedlings (15-day-old) were grown in washed sand irrigated with nutrient solution provided with 100 μM NiCl2. Two concentrations of TRIA (25 and 50 µM) were applied twice as a foliar spray for Ni-stressed seedlings. Shoot and root growth attributes, Ni content, and antioxidant defence systems of maize seedlings were determined. Ni treatment reduced the shoot and root length and biomass, causing necrosis of the old leaves,greater reduction was shown in the roots. The shoot and root length was negatively correlated with their Ni content, which was consistent with their content of H2O2, but not with their malondialdehyde (MDA) content. As the roots had the greatest Ni content, maximum peroxidase (PX) and glutathione reductase (GR) activity as well as the highest ascorbic acid (ASA) and reduced glutathione (GSH) content were observed in the roots. The Ni-induced deleterious effects were alleviated by foliar application of TRIA concentrations. Also, TRIA treatment minimized root Ni content, whereas it maintained the shoots unharmed by Ni. Such mitigative effects of TRIA are explained by its key role in enhancing antioxidant capacity (expressed as IC50), increased PX and ascorbate oxidase (AO) activity, GSH, and total phenolic contents.
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AL-SHAKARCHI, Hiba Khaleel Saeed, und Yousef Jabbar AL-SHAHERY. „EVALUATION OF ARTHROSPIRA SP. GROWTH ABILITY ON HEAVY METAL SALTS AND THEIR EFFECT ON SOME CELLULAR COMPONENTS“. Periódico Tchê Química 17, Nr. 34 (20.03.2020): 667–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.52571/ptq.v17.n34.2020.691_p34_pgs_667_677.pdf.
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rthrospira sp. is an aquatic and photosynthetic microorganism that is extensively employed as a food supplement due to its rich contents of nutrients, proteins, and carbohydrates. In this study, a local strain of cyanobacterium of the genus Arthrospira was isolated from the Iraqi soil, in the region of Mosul city, using the Chu’s Medium No. 10. The growth rate, as well as the effects on biomass and cellular component contents of proteins, carbohydrates, and chlorophyll of this strain, were evaluated on the molasses medium alone or supplemented with iron, copper, nickel, cadmium and cobalt salts after fifteen days of incubation. The results showed that the best growth rate (1.09 OD), the highest value of biomass (120.0 mg/l), proteins content (297.2 mg/l), chlorophyll content (14.9 mg/l) and carbohydrates content (400.0 mg/l) of Arthrospira sp. was achieved after fifteen days of incubation. Generally, it was observed that adding iron, copper, nickel, cadmium, and cobalt salts into the molasses medium increased the contents of biomass, proteins, and carbohydrates of Arthrospira sp.. It was noticed that the highest biomass concentration (1960 mg/l) was obtained when Arthrospira sp. grown on molasses medium supplemented with nickel. Also, none of the metal salts added to the molasses medium increased the protein content of Arthrospira sp.. Conversely, adding copper, nickel, and cobalt to the medium showed an adverse effect on the protein content. It was shown that adding iron metal salts into the molasses medium increased the carbohydrates and the chlorophyll contents of Arthrospira sp.. These results suggest that Arthrospira sp. can be utilized for the bioremediation of heavy metals pollution in the environment and industrial sites.
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Wang, Yafei, Yuqing Tang, Zhou Li, Qihang Hua, Li Wang, Xin Song, Baobo Zou, Min Ding, Jinshun Zhao und Chunlan Tang. „Joint Toxicity of a Multi-Heavy Metal Mixture and Chemoprevention in Sprague Dawley Rats“. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, Nr. 4 (24.02.2020): 1451. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17041451.
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To explore the joint toxicity and bio-accumulation of multi-heavy metals and potential chemoprevention strategies, Male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats (n = 30) were treated orally once a week for six months with 500mg/kg•bw of eight heavy metals which were commonly identified in aquatic products in the Ningbo area including chromium, manganese, nickel, copper, zinc, cadmium, mercury, and lead. At the same time, 200mg/kg•bw of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), trisodium citrate dihydrate (TCD) or glutathione (GSH) were administered to evaluate their antagonistic effects against adverse effects of multi-heavy metal mixture. The Morris water maze test was used to evaluate spatial learning and memory in the treated rats. Then the rats were anesthetized by pentobarbital sodium (40 mg/kg•bw) to obtain blood samples for biochemical analysis and organs (heart, liver, spleen, lungs, kidneys, brain, testis) to be conducted for biopsy and organ coefficients. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS) was used to analyze the concentrations of heavy metals. Results indicated that six months of exposure to a multi-heavy metal mixture under this experimental dosage resulted in accumulation in organs and adverse effects on the blood, reproductive system, and liver function. EGCG, TCD or GSH all showed certain chemoprevention effects against the joint toxicity induced by the multi-heavy metal mixture and indicated alleviation and the potential mechanism that also included the promotion of excretion of metals to which animals were exposed.
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Verma, Neelam, und Minni Singh. „A Bacillus sphaericus Based Biosensor for Monitoring Nickel Ions in Industrial Effluents and Foods“. Journal of Automated Methods and Management in Chemistry 2006 (2006): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/jammc/2006/83427.
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A microbial-based biosensor has been developed based on enzyme inhibition bioassay for monitoring the presence of Ni(II) in real-time samples. The sensing element is immobilized Bacillus sphaericus MTCC 5100 yielding urease enzyme. The transducer is anNH4+ion selective electrode in conjunction with a potentiometer. Heavy metals are potentially toxic to human beings. Nickel is associated with causing adverse health effects such as dermatitis and vertigo, in humans. Toxicity is manifested by affecting T-cell system and suppressing the activity of natural killer cells. Nickel finds applications in electroplating, coinage, electrodes, jewellery, alloys. The foods rich in Ni(II) are nuts, beans, oats, and wheat. The range of Ni(II) detection by the developed biosensor is 0.03–0.68 nM (0.002–0.04 ppb) with a response time of 1.5 minutes. For application, the Ni(II) effluent was procured from an electroplating industrial unit and was found to have a concentration of 100.0 ppm Ni(II). In foods, wheat flour sample was acid digested and Ni(II) was specifically complexed in the presence of other cations, and had an Ni(II) concentration of 0.044 ppm. The developed system has a reliability of 91.5% and 90.6%, respectively, for the samples and could possibly replace the existing conventional techniques of analysis.
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Fowles, Jefferson, Tracy Barreau und Nerissa Wu. „Cancer and Non-Cancer Risk Concerns from Metals in Electronic Cigarette Liquids and Aerosols“. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, Nr. 6 (24.03.2020): 2146. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17062146.
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We evaluated metal concentrations in e-liquids and e-aerosols from eight studies and estimated the range of corresponding cancer and non-cancer risks. Chromium and nickel were the leading contributors to cancer risk, with minor contributions from cadmium, lead, and arsenic. The increased cancer risks, assuming exposure to 2 mL/day, ranged from 5.7 to 30,000 additional cancers in a million e-cigarette users. The average cancer risk was 3 in 1000. Cancer risks in the mid to upper end of these ranges exceed acceptable levels. The hazard quotient (HQ) approach was used to evaluate non-cancer risks. Hazard quotients exceeding 1.0 indicate the possibility for non-cancer adverse health effects. Estimated exposures at the maximum reported concentrations of nickel, chromium, and manganese resulted in HQ values of 161, 1.1, and 1.0, respectively, with additional contributions from lead. The average concentration of nickel resulted in an HQ value of 14. We conclude from these studies that exposure to metals in e-cigarette liquids and aerosols may pose a significant cancer and non-cancer health risk at the mid and upper end of the reported ranges. The device design and heating elements appear to be the main source of metals in e-aerosols. The large range of metals within and across e-cigarette brands indicate the need for improvements in product design, enforced product safety regulations and manufacturing quality control. Implementation of such measures could reduce metal exposure in e-cigarette users.
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Baki, Oylum Gökkurt. „The Evaluation of Heavy Metal Accumulation in Whiting Fish (Merlanguis merlangus euxinus Nordmann, 1840), a Local and Economic Species of the Central Black Sea Region“. Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology 9, Nr. 4 (24.04.2021): 683–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v9i4.683-688.3932.
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The present study aimed to determine the heavy metal cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb) and mercury (Hg) accumulations in muscle tissues, gills, gonads, liver, and other visceral organs (liver) of whiting fish (Merlanguis merlangus euxinus Nordmann, 1840) samples obtained by hunting from the Sinop (Black Sea) coasts. The mean cadmium value in muscle tissue, which concerns public health, was found to be 1.07±0.02 µg.kg-1, the chromium value was found to be 1.48±0.07 µg.kg-1, the nickel value was found to be 1.77±0.14 µg.kg-1, the lead value was found to be 5.38±0.29 µg.kg-1 while the mercury value was determined only in the gill and could not be determined in organs, and since it was below the limit values declared by international organizations for all metals, it was determined that it would not create adverse effects for human consumption. Also, examining the order of accumulation of heavy metals in tissues and organs from highest to lowest, it was sorted as liver> visceral organ> gill> muscle> gonad for cadmium; visceral organ> gill> muscle> liver> gonad for chromium; visceral organ> gill> liver> muscle> gonad for nickel; gill> visceral organ> liver> muscle> gonad for lead, while the mercury accumulation was detected only in the gill. Also, the data obtained as a result of the analyses made in the gonad is an important determination in terms of the effects of heavy metals on the reproduction of the species, as well as on the continuity of the population. Since the values determined in the other analyzed tissues were below the limit values reported by international organizations, the results showed that they do not pose any threat to human health in terms of workplace and time, type, and determined heavy metals.
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Abu-Nada, Abdulrahman, Gordon McKay und Ahmed Abdala. „Recent Advances in Applications of Hybrid Graphene Materials for Metals Removal from Wastewater“. Nanomaterials 10, Nr. 3 (24.03.2020): 595. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano10030595.
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The presence of traces of heavy metals in wastewater causes adverse health effects on humans and the ecosystem. Adsorption is a low cost and eco-friendly method for the removal of low concentrations of heavy metals from wastewater streams. Over the past several years, graphene-based materials have been researched as exceptional adsorbents. In this review, the applications of graphene oxide (GO), reduce graphene oxide (rGO), and graphene-based nanocomposites (GNCs) for the removal of various metals are analyzed. Firstly, the common synthesis routes for GO, rGO, and GNCs are discussed. Secondly, the available literature on the adsorption of heavy metals including arsenic, lead, cadmium, nickel, mercury, chromium and copper using graphene-based materials are reviewed and analyzed. The adsorption isotherms, kinetics, capacity, and removal efficiency for each metal on different graphene materials, as well as the effects of the synthesis method and the adsorption process conditions on the recyclability of the graphene materials, are discussed. Finally, future perspectives and trends in the field are also highlighted.
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Gordon, Russell, Aoife Power, James Chapman, Shaneel Chandra und Daniel Cozzolino. „A Review on the Source of Lipids and Their Interactions during Beer Fermentation that Affect Beer Quality“. Fermentation 4, Nr. 4 (24.10.2018): 89. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fermentation4040089.
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The presence of lipids in wort and beer are important due to their influence on yeast metabolism and beer quality. Barley lipids have long been considered to have adverse effects on beer quality where some long-chain fatty acids are associated with high flavour potential. In addition, beer foam stability can be influenced by the concentration of lipids as well as other factors such as hop acids (e.g., iso-α-acids), proteins, polysaccharides and the presence of metal ions (e.g., nickel). Lipids can also influence yeast protease activity as well as the production of ethanol. This review provides an overview of the effect of climate change on the chemical composition of barley in relation to lipids and the influence of lipids in the process of this raw material in order to produce beer.
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Peško, Matúš, und Katarína Kráľová. „Physiological response of two brassica napus l. cultivars to nickel treatment“. Ecological Chemistry and Engineering S 21, Nr. 1 (01.03.2014): 25–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/eces-2014-0002.
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Abstract Adverse effect of nickel on hydroponically cultivated plants of two Brasssica napus L. cultivars (Verona and Viking) was investigated. Dry mass of shoots and roots as well as some biochemical characteristics (concentration of photosynthetic pigments, TBARS and proteins) of plant leaves were determined. In addition, the content of nickel in plant organs was estimated. Visible symptoms of Ni toxicity were notable already at the lowest applied concentration (6 μmol · dm-3). Higher applied Ni concentrations (24, 60 and 120 μmol · dm-3) resulted in moderate to strong toxic effects on plants of both studied cultivars. After application of 6 and 12 μmol · dm-3 Ni shoot dry mass of cv. Viking was substantial lower than that of cv. Verona. Decrease of root dry mass after treatment with 6, 12 and 120 μmol · dm-3 Ni was similar for both cultivars. Strong decrease in content of photosynthetic pigments was observed after application of 120 μmol · dm-3. Comparing to the control, the content of these pigments in leaves of plants dropped under 50% (both cultivars). The highest applied Ni concentration 120 μmol · dm-3 caused that protein content in leaves dropped by 39% (cv. Verona) and 37% (cv. Viking) comparing to the control plants. After application of 120 μmol · dm-3 Ni the content of malondialdehyde in leaves was 2.64- (Viking) and 2.31- (Verona) times higher than that of control. Nickel amounts accumulated in roots of plants were higher than those in shoots. Accumulated Ni amounts in roots of cv. Verona plants were 1.3- (120 μmol · dm-3) to 1.9- (6 μmol · dm-3) times lower than those of cv. Viking plants, whereas metal amounts accumulated in shoots of cv. Verona plants were 1.2- (120 μmol · dm-3) to 1.8- (6 μmol · dm-3) times lower than those of cv. Viking plants.
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Tutic, Adnan, Srecko Novakovic, Mitar Lutovac, Rade Biocanin, Sonja Ketin und Nusret Omerovic. „The Heavy Metals in Agrosystems and Impact on Health and Quality of Life“. Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences 3, Nr. 2 (03.06.2015): 345–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2015.048.
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The metal is a chemical element that conducts electricity well and heat, and the nonferrous metals builds cations and ionic bonds. Heavy metals include metals whose density is higher than 5 g/cm3. The whole range of the metal is in the form of essential trace elements, essential for a number of functions in the human body, and its deficiency results in a lack of occurrence of a serious symptom. The best examples are anemia lack of iron, lack of chromium in diabetes, growth problems in lack of nickel. Other elements such as lead, cadmium, mercury, arsenic and molybdenum have been shown to exhibit large quantities of toxic effects. The paper examines the problem of heavy metals originating from agriculture on agroecosystems. This group of pollutants is considered the most important cause of degradation of soil quality, surface and groundwater and direct causal adverse effects on human and animal health. In order to complete the environmental monitoring of pollutants, these main categories, origins, and possible negative impacts of the basic principles of preventing their toxic effects were examined.
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Niculescu, Marius, Dan Laptoiu, Florin Miculescu und Iulian Vasile Antoniac. „Metal Allergy and other Adverse Reactions in Patients with Total Hip Replacement“. Advanced Materials Research 1114 (Juli 2015): 283–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1114.283.
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Total hip prosthese are widely used in total hip arthroplasty, offering many benefit to patients with different articular diseases like osteoarthritis or after different accidents. Many total hip prosthesis are now available to the orthopaedic surgeons to replace the hip articulation, with different design and with components made by different type of biomaterials: metallic (cobalt-chrome and titanium alloys, zirconium-niobium alloy named oxinium), ceramic (alumina, zirconia), polymers (ultra high weight molecular polyethylene-UHMWPE). Even total hip arthroplasty has a high success rate, implant loosening may occur, with different symptoms that could be attributed to metal allergy. Because the stem components of the total hip prosthesis are made by metallic biomaterials, many papers describe the adverse effects related to the release of metal ions (like cytotoxicity, carcinogenicity and metal allergy). There are different types of metal corrosion: intergranular, pitting, crevice, fatigue, stress, fretting, and galvanic. On the other hand, in many cases (like metal-on-metal prosthesis) appear corrosion and wear between two metallic components. This processes are favourable for the aparition of hypersensitivity-related tissue reactions. Especially some metallic ions (nickel, cobalt, and chromium) presents in stainless steels and cobalt-chromium alloys are most known to be released from prostheses components and give metal allergy. Of course, during the time was developped some solutions in order to improve the performance of the hip prostheses components made by metallic components like coating with thin layers using different biomaterials like porous titanium or hydroxiapatite. The aims of this review article were to explore mainly the relationship between corrosion products and implant-related hypersensitivity, the importance of surface treatment for metallic components, try define the effect of metal ion concentrations, and differentiate between allergy and infection in total hip replacement. The long-term performance of the coated components will be also analyzed and synthetic described based on clinical results. Also, some relevant aspects from our clinical experience and retrieved prosthesis analysis using stereomicroscopy and scanning electron microscopy will be shown in order to support the conclusions.
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Rivas-Castillo, Andrea M., María Elena Guatemala-Cisneros und Norma G. Rojas-Avelizapa. „Effect of aluminum in Bacillus megaterium nickel resistance and removal capability“. Mexican journal of biotechnology 2, Nr. 2 (01.07.2017): 206–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.29267/mxjb.2017.2.2.206.
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The increasing water pollution by heavy metals is considered an alarming situation worldwide, due to the adverse impact they cause in ecosystems and human health. Although conventional techniques are available to diminish the metal concentration present in water bodies, they offer disadvantages, like inefficient metal removal, toxic sludge generation, and high operating costs. In contrast, biotechnological approaches may render a viable alternative, since they offer lower environmental impacts and operating costs, and also higher removal efficiencies when metals are present in small concentrations. It has been shown that the simultaneous presence of more than one metal can generate synergistic, additive or antagonistic effects, thus affecting their removal, and it has been previously demonstrated that B. megaterium strain MNSH1-9K-1 possesses the ability to remove metals present in liquid and solid wastes. Therefore, the goal of the present work was to study B. megaterium MNSH1-9K-1 Ni resistance and removal properties in liquid medium, and to evaluate the variation of these abilities in the presence of another toxic metal, namely Al, which is also commonly found in liquid wastes. To this end, B. megaterium was grown in LB medium with the addition of Ni and/or Al at diverse concentrations, and both metal resistance and Ni removal capabilities were assayed by viable count, and Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES), respectively. The results obtained strongly suggest that B. megaterium MNSH1-9K-1 presents more susceptibility to Ni than to Al, and that Ni removal is enhanced by the presence of Al.
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Guildford, A. L., T. Poletti, L. H. Osbourne, A. Di Cerbo, A. M. Gatti und M. Santin. „Nanoparticles of a different source induce different patterns of activation in key biochemical and cellular components of the host response“. Journal of The Royal Society Interface 6, Nr. 41 (11.03.2009): 1213–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2009.0021.
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Nanoparticulate materials are produced by industrial processing or engineered for specific biomedical applications. In both cases, their contact with the human body may lead to adverse reactions. Most of the published papers so far have focused on the cytotoxic effects of nanoparticles (NPs). Instead, the present in vitro study investigates the effect of different types of NP on key components of the host response such as clot formation and the inflammatory cells. The different NPs were pre-conditioned with platelet-rich human plasma for 30 min and then incubated with the blood mononuclear cells for 20 hours. The potential of the different NPs to induce clot formation, platelet activation and monocyte/macrophage differentiation was assessed by morphological analysis, immunocytochemistry and biochemical assays. The data showed that nanoparticulate materials based on antimony, silver and nickel were capable of promoting the polymerization of fibrin and the aggregation and fragmentation of platelets, leading to a moderately activated monocyte phenotype. This process was more pronounced in the case of antimony- and silver-based NPs that share a similar size and round-shaped morphology. Conversely, NPs of cobalt, titanium and iron appeared to stimulate cells to acquire a macrophage phenotype able to secrete higher levels of tumour necrosis factor α, a pro-inflammatory cytokine. Therefore, the present study provides clear indications about the subtle and adverse effects that the invasion of these materials may produce in the cardiovascular system and in vital organs.
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Shah, Afzal, Abdul Niaz, Nazeef Ullah, Ali Rehman, Muhammad Akhlaq, Muhammad Zakir und Muhammad Suleman Khan. „Comparative Study of Heavy Metals in Soil and Selected Medicinal Plants“. Journal of Chemistry 2013 (2013): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/621265.
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Essential and nonessential heavy metals like iron (Fe), nickel (Ni), manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), and lead (Pb) were analyzed in four selected medicinal plants such asCapparis spinosa, Peganum harmala, Rhazya stricta,andTamarix articulataby flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer (FAAS). These medicinal plants are extensively used as traditional medicine for treatment of various ailments by local physicians in the area from where these plants were collected. The concentration level of heavy metals in the selected plants was found in the decreasing order as Fe > Zn > Mn > Cu > Ni > Cr > Cd > Pb. The results revealed that the selected medicinal plants accumulate these elements at different concentrations. Monitoring such medicinal plants for heavy metals concentration is of great importance for physicians, health planners, health care professionals, and policymakers in protecting the public from the adverse effects of these heavy metals.
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Kuntawee, Chalermkhwan, Kraichat Tantrakarnapa, Yanin Limpanont, Saranath Lawpoolsri, Athit Phetrak, Rachaneekorn Mingkhwan und Suwalee Worakhunpiset. „Exposure to Heavy Metals in Electronic Waste Recycling in Thailand“. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, Nr. 9 (26.04.2020): 2996. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17092996.
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Electronic waste recycling can release heavy metals into the environment and cause adverse health effects. We assessed the association between exposure to heavy metals from electronic waste recycling and the prevalence of asthma in a nested case-control study of 51 subject pairs with and without asthma. House dust, airborne dust, blood, and urine were collected from residents of two neighboring sites in Ubon Ratchathani province, Thailand. Multiple electronic waste-handling activities are conducted in the first site, while the second site is mostly agricultural. Concentrations of chromium, mercury, nickel, and lead in house dust and airborne dust were higher in the electronic waste-handling site (p < 0.05), but levels of exposure were similar in subjects with and without asthma. Although we did not find an association between exposure to these metals and the prevalence of asthma, control measures should be implemented to reduce health risks from long-term exposure to heavy metals.
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Wen, Yuan, Ivan J. Vechetti, Alexander P. Alimov, Jessica F. Hoffman, Vernieda B. Vergara, John F. Kalinich, John J. McCarthy und Charlotte A. Peterson. „Time-course analysis of the effect of embedded metal on skeletal muscle gene expression“. Physiological Genomics 52, Nr. 12 (01.12.2020): 575–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/physiolgenomics.00096.2020.
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As a consequence of military operations, many veterans suffer from penetrating wounds and long-term retention of military-grade heavy metal fragments. Fragments vary in size and location, and complete surgical removal may not be feasible or beneficial in all cases. Increasing evidence suggests retention of heavy metal fragments may have serious biological implications, including increased risks for malignant transformation. Previous studies assessed the tumorigenic effects of metal alloys in rats, demonstrating combinations of metals are sufficient to induce tumor formation after prolonged retention in skeletal muscle tissue. In this study, we analyzed transcriptional changes in skeletal muscle tissue in response to eight different military-relevant pure metals over 12 mo. We found that most transcriptional changes occur at 1 and 3 mo after metal pellets are embedded in skeletal muscle and these effects resolve at 6 and 12 mo. We also report significant immunogenic effects of nickel and cobalt and suppressive effects of lead and depleted uranium on gene expression. Overall, skeletal muscle exhibits a remarkable capacity to adapt to and recover from internalized metal fragments; however, the cellular response to chronic exposure may be restricted to the metal-tissue interface. These data suggest that unless affected regions are specifically captured by biopsy, it would be difficult to reliably detect changes in muscle gene expression that would be indicative of long-term adverse health outcomes.
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Aranda-García, Erick, Griselda Ma Chávez-Camarillo und Eliseo Cristiani-Urbina. „Effect of Ionic Strength and Coexisting Ions on the Biosorption of Divalent Nickel by the Acorn Shell of the Oak Quercus crassipes Humb. & Bonpl.“ Processes 8, Nr. 10 (01.10.2020): 1229. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr8101229.
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This study investigated the effect of ionic strength and background electrolytes on the biosorption of Ni2+ from aqueous solutions by the acorn shell of Quercus crassipes Humb. & Bonpl. (QCS). A NaCl ionic strength of 0.2 mM was established to have no effect on the Ni2+ biosorption and the biosorption capacity of the heavy metal decreased as the ionic strength increased from 2 to 2000 mM. The background electrolytes (KCl, NaNO3, Na2SO4, CaCl2, MgSO4, and MgCl2) had no adverse effects on the biosorption of Ni2+ at a concentration of 0.2 mM. However, at background electrolyte concentrations of 2 and 20 mM, divalent cations (Ca2+ and Mg2+) had greater negative effects on the biosorption of Ni2+ compared to the monovalent cations (Na+ and K+). Additionally, the SO42− and Cl− anions affected the biosorption of Ni2+. The fractional power, Elovich, and pseudo-second order models represented the kinetic processes of the biosorption of Ni2+ adequately. The results show that QCS can be a promising and low-cost biosorbent for removing Ni2+ ions from aqueous solutions containing various types of impurities with different concentrations.
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Saeed, Saadiya, Hashim Abbas, Munawwar Husain und Saadiya Saeed. „A Prospective Study of Blood Levels of Nickel and its Adverse Health Effects on Workers Employed in Brass Manufacturing Units of Moradabad District in Uttar Pradesh, India“. Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology 13, Nr. 4 (2019): 475. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0973-9130.2019.00335.9.
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Zhang, Xiaoyin, Yue He, Zhanbo Xiong, Min Li, Ming Li, Nan Zheng, Shengguo Zhao und Jiaqi Wang. „Chelerythrine Chloride: A Potential Rumen Microbial Urease Inhibitor Screened by Targeting UreG“. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, Nr. 15 (30.07.2021): 8212. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22158212.
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Inhibition of ruminal microbial urease is of particular interest due to its crucial role in regulating urea-N utilization efficiency and nitrogen pollution in the livestock industry. Acetohydroxamic acid (AHA) is currently the only commercially available urease inhibitor, but it has adverse side effects. The urease accessory protein UreG, which facilitates the functional incorporation of the urease nickel metallocentre, has been proposed in developing urease inhibitor through disrupting urease maturation. The objective of this study was to screen natural compounds as potential urease inhibitors by targeting UreG in a predominant ruminal microbial urease. In silico screening and in vitro tests for potential inhibitors were performed using molecular docking and an assay for the GTPase activity of UreG. Chelerythrine chloride was selected as a potential urease inhibitor of UreG with an inhibition concentration IC50 value of 18.13 μM. It exhibited mixed inhibition, with the Ki value being 26.28 μM. We further explored its inhibition mechanism using isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) and circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy, and we found that chelerythrine chloride inhibited the binding of nickel to UreG and induced changes in the secondary structure, especially the α-helix and β-sheet of UreG. Chelerythrine chloride formed a pi-anion interaction with the Asp41 residue of UreG, which is an important residue in initiating the conformational changes of UreG. In conclusion, chelerythrine chloride exhibited a potential inhibitory effect on urease, which provided new evidence for strategies to develop novel urease inhibitors targeting UreG to reduce nitrogen excretion from ruminants.
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Qureshi, Asif, Bruno Bussière, Mostafa Benzaazoua, Fannie Lessard und Vincent Boulanger-Martel. „Geochemical Assessment of Desulphurized Tailings as Cover Material in Cold Climates“. Minerals 11, Nr. 3 (09.03.2021): 280. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min11030280.
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It is essential to develop effective mine waste management approaches and mine site reclamation techniques to curtail the adverse effects of mining processes on the natural environment. This study focuses on the use of partially desulphurized tailings as a moisture-retaining layer in an insulation cover with capillary barrier effects (ICCBE). Tailings were obtained from a nickel ultramafic ore processing plant at a mining company located in a continuous permafrost region of northern Québec, Canada. The geochemical response of tailings at two different sulphur contents (0.4 and 0.8 wt%), with and without ICCBEs, was tested by applying eight freeze-thaw and wetting cycles. Desulphurization of the tailings allowed to reduce the content of sulphide minerals by about 90%, from ~22 wt% to around 1.2–2.2 wt%. Column kinetic geochemical tests showed that Ni leaching was significantly reduced to concentrations ranging between 0.01–0.22 mg L−1 compared to 0.63–1.92 mg L−1 from the raw tailings (thanks to the desulphurization process). Zinc release was maintained around 0.04–1.72 mg L−1 compared to 0.4–3.69 mg L−1 from the raw tailing. Although all the columns produced leachates displaying circumneutral to slightly alkaline pH, the columns with ICCBE are expected to prevent acid mine drainage generation longer than the other columns due to reduced sulphide content and a constantly high degree of saturation maintained by capillary barrier effects.
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Moitra, Subhabrata, Jayashree Ghosh, Jannatul Firdous, Arghya Bandyopadhyay, Monojit Mondal, Jayanta Kumar Biswas, Subhashis Sahu, Soumya Bhattacharyya und Saibal Moitra. „Exposure to heavy metals alters the surface topology of alveolar macrophages and induces respiratory dysfunction among Indian metal arc-welders“. Toxicology and Industrial Health 34, Nr. 12 (14.10.2018): 908–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0748233718804426.
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Background: Despite the available clinico-epidemiological evidence of heavy metal-associated respiratory health hazards among metal arc-welders, experimental confirmation of such an association is lacking. Methods: In this study, we recruited 15 metal arc-welders and 10 referent workers without direct exposure. We assessed respiratory health through a questionnaire and spirometry; estimated manganese, nickel and cadmium levels in blood, urine and induced sputum; performed differential counts of sputum leucocytes and measured plasma malondialdehyde (MDA). We used atomic force and scanning electron microscopy to assess the physical property of the alveolar macrophages (AMs) obtained from induced sputum and analysed cell surface deposition of heavy metals using energy dispersion X-ray analysis (EDX). Sputum cellular DNA damage was assessed by DNA-laddering assay. Results: There was a higher body burden of manganese and nickel in the metal arc-welders than the referents. Among major spirometric indices, only the forced mid-expiratory flow rates (FEF25–75) were reduced in the welders compared with the referents (63.4 ± 14.7 vs. 89.2 ± 26.7, p < 0.01); this reduction was associated with both heavy metal levels ( β: −41.8, 95% CI: −78.5% to −5.1%) and plasma MDA (−0.37; −0.68 to −0.06). In metal arc-welders, significant physical and morphological changes were observed in AMs through microscopic evaluation while EDX analyses demonstrated higher deposition of heavy metals on the AM cell surface than the referents. We also observed a higher degree of DNA damage in the sputum cells of the exposed workers than the referents. Conclusion: Heavy metal exposure-induced adverse respiratory effects among metal arc-welders are mediated through haematological and cytological interactions.
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Charisiou, Nikolaos, Savvas Douvartzides, Georgios Siakavelas, Lazaros Tzounis, Victor Sebastian, Vlad Stolojan, Steven Hinder, Mark Baker, Kyriaki Polychronopoulou und Maria Goula. „The Relationship between Reaction Temperature and Carbon Deposition on Nickel Catalysts Based on Al2O3, ZrO2 or SiO2 Supports during the Biogas Dry Reforming Reaction“. Catalysts 9, Nr. 8 (09.08.2019): 676. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal9080676.
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The tackling of carbon deposition during the dry reforming of biogas (BDR) necessitates research of the surface of spent catalysts in an effort to obtain a better understanding of the effect that different carbon allotropes have on the deactivation mechanism and correlation of their formation with catalytic properties. The work presented herein provides a comparative assessment of catalytic stability in relation to carbon deposition and metal particle sintering on un-promoted Ni/Al2O3, Ni/ZrO2 and Ni/SiO2 catalysts for different reaction temperatures. The spent catalysts were examined using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Raman spectroscopy, high angle annular dark field scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM-HAADF) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The results show that the formation and nature of carbonaceous deposits on catalytic surfaces (and thus catalytic stability) depend on the interplay of a number of crucial parameters such as metal support interaction, acidity/basicity characteristics, O2– lability and active phase particle size. When a catalytic system possesses only some of these beneficial characteristics, then competition with adverse effects may overshadow any potential benefits.