Thematische Bibliographien / Ni-Based catalysts

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Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Ni-Based catalysts“

Autor: Grafiati

Veröffentlicht am 25. Mai 2024

Zuletzt aktualisiert am 22. Juni 2024

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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "Ni-Based catalysts"

Liu, Ning, Sha Cui, Zheyu Jin, Zhong Cao, Hui Liu, Shuqing Yang, Xianmin Zheng und Luhui Wang. „Highly Dispersed and Stable Ni/SiO2 Catalysts Prepared by Urea-Assisted Impregnation Method for Reverse Water–Gas Shift Reaction“. Processes 11, Nr. 5 (28.04.2023): 1353. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr11051353.

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The nickel-based catalyst was more active in the reverse water-gas shift reaction, but it is easy to sinter and deactivate in high temperature reaction (≥600 °C). A urea-assisted impregnation method was utilized to create a Ni/SiO2-N catalyst to increase the catalytic stability of Ni-based catalysts. For at least 20 h, the Ni/SiO2-N catalyst in the reverse water-gas shift process at 700 °C remained stable, and in the high temperature RWGS reaction, the conversion rate of CO2 of the catalyst is close to the equilibrium conversion rate. The catalysts were characterized by BET, XRD, H2-TPR, and TEM, and the results demonstrate that the Ni particles had a small particle size and exhibited strong interaction with the SiO2 support in the Ni/SiO2-N catalyst, which led to the catalyst’s good activity and stability. Urea-assisted impregnation is a facile method to prepare stable Ni/SiO2 catalysts with high Ni dispersion.

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Yamanaka, Nobutaka, und Shogo Shimazu. „Selective Hydrogenation Properties of Ni-Based Bimetallic Catalysts“. Eng 3, Nr. 1 (11.01.2022): 60–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/eng3010006.

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Metallic Ni shows high activity for a variety of hydrogenation reactions due to its intrinsically high capability for H2 activation, but it suffers from low chemoselectivity for target products when two or more reactive functional groups are present on one molecule. Modification by other metals changes the geometric and electronic structures of the monometallic Ni catalyst, providing an opportunity to design Ni-based bimetallic catalysts with improved activity, chemoselectivity, and durability. In this review, the hydrogenation properties of these catalysts are described starting from the typical methods of preparing Ni-based bimetallic nanoparticles. In most cases, the reasons for the enhanced catalysis are discussed based on the geometric and electronic effects. This review provides new insights into the development of more efficient and well-structured non-noble metal-based bimetallic catalytic systems for chemoselective hydrogenation reactions.

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Omoregbe, Osaze, Artur J. Majewski, Robert Steinberger-Wilckens und Ahmad El-kharouf. „Investigating the Effect of Ni Loading on the Performance of Yttria-Stabilised Zirconia Supported Ni Catalyst during CO2 Methanation“. Methane 2, Nr. 1 (08.02.2023): 86–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/methane2010007.

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CO2 methanation was studied on Ni-based yttria-stabilised zirconia (Ni/YSZ) catalysts. The catalysts were prepared by the wet impregnation method, where the amount of Ni content was varied from 5% to 75%. Thereafter, the prepared catalysts were analysed by BET, XRD, SEM and H2-TPR. BET results showed an initial increase in the surface area with an increase in Ni loading, then a decrease after 30% Ni loading. The XRD results revealed that the Ni crystallite size increased as the Ni loading increased, while the H2-TPR showed a shift in reduction peak temperature to a higher temperature, indicating that the reducibility of the catalysts decreased as the Ni loading increased. The activity of the synthesised catalysts for CO2 methanation was studied by passing a mixture of H2, CO2 and N2 with a total flow of 135 mL min−1 and GHSV of 40,500 mL h−1 g−1 through a continuous flow quartz tube fixed-bed reactor (I.D. = 5.5 mm, wall thickness = 2 mm) containing 200 mg of the catalyst at a temperature range of 473 to 703 K under atmospheric pressure and a H2:CO2 ratio of 4. The tested Ni/YSZ catalysts showed an improvement in activity as the reaction temperature increased from 473 K to around 613 to 653 K, depending on the Ni loading. Beyond the optimum temperature, the catalyst’s activity started to decline, irrespective of the Ni loading. In particular, the 40% Ni/YSZ catalyst displayed the best performance, followed by the 30% Ni/YSZ catalyst. The improved activity at high Ni loading (40% Ni) was attributed to the increase in hydrogen coverage and improved site for both H2 and CO2 adsorption and activation.

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Kakinuma, Katsuyoshi, Guoyu Shi, Tetsuro Tano, Donald A. Tryk, Miho Yamaguchi, Makoto Uchida, Kazuo Iida, Chisato Arata, Sumitaka Watanabe und Akihiro Iiyama. „Anodic/Cathodic Properties of Ni Based Catalysts for Anion Electrolyte Membrane Water Electrolysis“. ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2023-01, Nr. 36 (28.08.2023): 2090. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2023-01362090mtgabs.

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Anion electrolyte membrane water electrolysis (AEM WE) using non-precious metal catalyst is one of the most prospective systems for pure hydrogen generation. The Ni based oxide shows relatively lower overpotential of oxygen evolution reaction (OER) by adding the transition metals of Co, Fe and Mn, and approaches that of precious metal of Ir based oxide. Our previous study reported that the Ni-Co based catalyst was highest OER activity at operating temperature. The crystallized Ni-Co metal-based core particles with amorphous Ni oxyhydrates of top surface (shell) was confirmed to be preferable to obtain the higher OER activity by rotating disk electrode method, transmission electron microscopy and DFT calculation. Moreover, the fused aggregated network microstructure of Ni-Co based catalyst assisted to show a metallically electronic conductivity. In this study, we evaluated both OER and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) activity of Ni based catalysts to confirm the prospective non-precious metal catalysts for AEM WE. Each Ni based catalysts with additive of transition metals were synthesized by the flame oxide-synthesis method.1 The OER and HER activities of these catalysts were evaluated in 1 M KOH at 20 to 80 oC by use of the RDE. The Ni-Co based catalyst was highest OER activity in these Ni based catalysts obtained above. The amorphous top surface layer was correlated with a negative shift in the oxyhydroxide formation peak potential from the results of DFT calculations. 2 The HER activity of the Ni-Fe based catalyst also showed the higher OER activity. Especially, the Ni-Fe based catalyst had highest HER activity in these Ni cased catalysts above. The HER activity enhanced by the construction of well crystallized top surface in comparison with its amorphous or poorly crystalline ones. DFT calculation indicated that the defective or disordered surface was not as active for the HER. These results will provide a strategy of Ni based catalysts optimization for AEM. Acknowledgement This work was partially supported by funds for the JSPS KAKENHI (20H02839), and the project from the New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO) of Japan. References Kakinuma, M. Uchida, T. Kamino, H. Uchida, and M. Watanabe, Electrochim. Acta, 56, 2881 (2011). Shi, T. Tano, D. A. Tryk, A. Iiyama, M. Uchida, and K. Kakinuma, ACS Catal., 11, 5222 (2021). Figure 1

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Ren, Hua-Ping, Si-Yi Ding, Qiang Ma, Wen-Qi Song, Yu-Zhen Zhao, Jiao Liu, Ye-Ming He und Shao-Peng Tian. „The Effect of Preparation Method of Ni-Supported SiO2 Catalysts for Carbon Dioxide Reforming of Methane“. Catalysts 11, Nr. 10 (10.10.2021): 1221. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal11101221.

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Reforming methane to produce syngas is a subject that generates considerable interest. The process requires catalysts that possess high-performance active sites to activate stable C–H bonds. Herein, we report a facile synthetic strategy to prepare Ni-based catalysts by complexation–impregnation (Ni-G/SiO2-C) and precipitation–impregnation (Ni-G/SiO2-P) methods using glycine as a complexing agent. The particle size of Ni in both types of catalysts is decreased by adding glycine in the preparation process. Nevertheless, the preparation methods and amount of glycine play a significant role in the particle size and distribution of Ni over the Ni-based catalysts. The smaller particle size and narrower distribution of Ni were obtained in the Ni-G/SiO2-P catalyst. The catalysts were comparatively tested for carbon-dioxide reforming of methane (CDR). Ni-G/SiO2-P showed better CDR performance than Ni-G/SiO2-C and Ni/SiO2 and increased stability because of the smaller particle size and narrower distribution of Ni. Moreover, a high-performance Ni-based catalyst was prepared by optimizing the amount of glycine added. An unobservable deactivation was obtained over Ni-G-2/SiO2-P and Ni-G-3/SiO2-P for CDR during TOS = 20 h. Thus, a new promising method is described for the preparation of Ni-based catalysts for CDR.

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Matos, Juan, und Maibelin Rosales. „Promoter Effect upon Activated Carbon-Supported Ni-Based Catalysts in Dry Methane Reforming“. Eurasian Chemico-Technological Journal 14, Nr. 1 (15.12.2011): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.18321/ectj91.

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<p>The influence of selected promoters such as Ca, Mg, Cu and Zn upon activated carbon-supported Ni-based catalysts in the dry methane reforming under mild experimental conditions (650 ºC, 1 atm) was verified. It was found that Ni-Mg catalyst showed the highest initial catalytic activity followed by NiCa/AC catalyst. As expected, catalysts promoted with the most basic oxides such as MgO or CaO showed moderate deactivation after 4 h reaction ascribed to the basic Lewis behaviour which stabilize Ni-based catalysts.</p>

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Kim, Jaerim, Sang-Mun Jung, Yong-Tae Kim und Jong Kyu Kim. „Efficient Alkaline Hydrogen Evolution Reaction Using Superaerophobic Ni Nanoarrays with Accelerated H₂ Bubble Release“. ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2023-02, Nr. 42 (22.12.2023): 2150. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2023-02422150mtgabs.

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Water electrolysis for producing green hydrogen is of central importance in the hydrogen economy to meet the global mission of carbon neutrality. Hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) under alkaline conditions has many advantages in cost and stability over acidic HER, but it requires high overpotential due to sluggish reaction kinetics. Pt-based materials are still considered the benchmark for HER catalysts, however, their high cost is the major hurdle for large-scale applications, motivating tremendous efforts to find earth-abundant catalytic materials as alternatives. In addition to catalytic materials, the formation and release of H2 bubbles on the surface of catalysts should be considered when designing efficient catalysts, as this significantly affects catalytic performance. Adhered H2 bubbles on the catalyst surface can cause reduced active surface sites, blockage of ion pathways, and destruction of catalyst film by inducing a large stretch force. Despite the adverse effects of H2 bubbles adhering to catalyst’s surface on the performance of water electrolysis, the mechanisms by which H2 bubbles are effectively released during the alkaline HER remain elusive. In this study, we conducted a systematic investigation on the effect of nanoscale surface morphologies on H2 bubble release behaviors and HER performance by employing earth-abundant Ni catalysts consisting of an array of Ni nanorods (NRs) with controlled surface porosities. Both aerophobicity and hydrophilicity of the catalyst’s surface vary according to the surface porosity of catalysts. The Ni catalyst with the highest porosity of ~52% exhibits superaerophobic nature as well as the best HER performance among the Ni catalysts. It was found that the Ni catalyst’s superaerophobicity combined with the effective open pore channels enables the accelerated release of H2 bubbles from the surface, leading to a significant improvement in geometric activities, particularly at high current densities, as well as intrinsic activities including both specific and mass activities. It was also demonstrated that the superaerophobicity enabled by highly porous Ni NRs can be combined with Pt and Cr having optimal binding abilities to further optimize electrocatalytic performance. Our work can help to elucidate the fundamental and practical design rules for efficient alkaline HER catalysts consisting of earth-abundant elements.

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Xiao, Yan, Jie Li, Yuan Tan, Xingkun Chen, Fenghua Bai, Wenhao Luo und Yunjie Ding. „Ni-Based Hydrotalcite (HT)-Derived Cu Catalysts for Catalytic Conversion of Bioethanol to Butanol“. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, Nr. 19 (03.10.2023): 14859. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms241914859.

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Catalytic conversion of biomass-derived ethanol into n-butanol through Guerbet coupling reaction has become one of the key reactions in biomass valorization, thus attracting significant attention recently. Herein, a series of supported Cu catalysts derived from Ni-based hydrotalcite (HT) were prepared and performed in the continuous catalytic conversion of ethanol into butanol. Among the prepared catalysts, Cu/NiAlOx shows the best performance in terms of butanol selectivity and catalyst stability, with a sustained ethanol conversion of ~35% and butanol selectivity of 25% in a time-on-stream (TOS) of 110 h at 280 °C. While for the Cu/NiFeOx and Cu/NiCoOx, obvious catalyst deactivation and/or low butanol selectivity were obtained. Extensive characterization studies of the fresh and spent catalysts, i.e., X-ray diffraction (XRD), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Hydrogen temperature-programmed reduction (H2-TPR), reveal that the catalysts’ deactivation is mainly caused by the support deconstruction during catalysis, which is highly dependent on the reducibility. Additionally, an appropriate acid–base property is pivotal for enhancing the product selectivity, which is beneficial for the key process of aldol-condensation to produce butanol.

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Deo, Yashwardhan, Niklas Thissen und Anna K. Mechler. „Electrodeposited Ni-Based Catalysts for the Oxygen Evolution Reaction“. ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2023-02, Nr. 20 (22.12.2023): 1255. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2023-02201255mtgabs.

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Alkaline water electrolysis is one of the most mature technologies for producing green hydrogen. However, there still are possibilities to enhance this process by using better electrocatalysts for the kinetically limited oxygen evolution reaction (OER). While there are several existing methods for catalyst synthesis, such as spray coating, coprecipitation and hydrothermal synthesis, they face challenges of either versatility or scalability.[1,2] In this regard, electrodeposition is a promising catalyst synthesis method, due to its excellent process control and ease of scalability. In this work, electrodeposition is used to prepare nickel-based catalysts as a benchmark system. These catalysts are deposited on expanded Ni-mesh supports. Initially, the deposition parameters are optimized to obtain uniform Ni deposits, which provide reproducible activity measurements. Herein, we observe that the deposited Ni catalysts exhibit better OER activities than the Ni mesh support, most likely due to the evolution of a pyramidal morphology with an increased surface area (Fig. 1). The optimized deposition parameters are further used to deposit different Ni-based alloys such as Ni-Fe and Ni-Co, by adding the respective ionized metal species to the Ni electrolyte. The microstructure and composition of these catalysts is analyzed using material characterization techniques like scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). Finally, the OER activity and long-term stability of the deposited catalysts is evaluated in an in-house developed electrochemical beaker cell at elevated concentration, temperature, and current densities (30 wt.% KOH, 80 °C, up to 1 A/cm2). The results obtained for the different catalysts are compared to understand the correlation of the catalyst structure and composition with their electrochemical OER performance under industrial conditions. Bibliography [1] Lu Xunyu et al.; Nature Communications; DOI: 10.1038/ncomms7616 [2] Zuraya Angeles-Olvera et al.; Energies; DOI: 10.3390/en15051609 Figure 1

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Xiao, Yan, Nannan Zhan, Jie Li, Yuan Tan und Yunjie Ding. „Highly Selective and Stable Cu Catalysts Based on Ni–Al Catalytic Systems for Bioethanol Upgrading to n-Butanol“. Molecules 28, Nr. 15 (27.07.2023): 5683. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28155683.

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The catalytic upgrading of ethanol into butanol through the Guerbet coupling reaction has received increasing attention recently due to the sufficient supply of bioethanol and the versatile applications of butanol. In this work, four different supported Cu catalysts, i.e., Cu/Al2O3, Cu/NiO, Cu/Ni3AlOx, and Cu/Ni1AlOx (Ni2+/Al3+ molar ratios of 3 and 1), were applied to investigate the catalytic performances for ethanol conversion. From the results, Ni-containing catalysts exhibit better reactivity; Al-containing catalysts exhibit better stability; but in terms of ethanol conversion, butanol selectivity, and catalyst stability, a corporative effect between Ni–Al catalytic systems can be clearly observed. Combined characterizations such as XRD, TEM, XPS, H2-TPR, and CO2/NH3-TPD were applied to analyze the properties of different catalysts. Based on the results, Cu species provide the active sites for ethanol dehydrogenation/hydrogenation, and the support derived from Ni–Al–LDH supplies appropriate acid–base sites for the aldol condensation, contributing to the high butanol selectivity. In addition, catalysts with strong reducibility (i.e., Cu/NiO) may be easily deconstructed during catalysis, leading to fast deactivation of the catalysts in the Guerbet coupling process.

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Dissertationen zum Thema "Ni-Based catalysts"

Miranda, Morales Bárbara Cristina. „HYDROGENOLYSIS OF GLYCEROL OVER NI-BASED CATALYSTS“. Doctoral thesis, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/284041.

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La demanda de energía en el mundo va en aumento año a año. Los sistemas de producción y patrones de consumo actuales son insostenibles. Existe la necesidad de desarrollar nuevas formas de satisfacer no sólo, la demanda de energía y producción de compuestos químicos, sino también de encontrar una forma de hacerlo que sea amigable con el ambiente. El glicerol, como recurso biomásico, representa una alternativa a esto. El catalizador cumple un papel clave en el mecanismo de rompimiento de los enlaces C-C y C-O del glicerol, y modula la selectividad hacia los productos deseados. Debido a esto, el presente trabajo de investigación desea contribuir en el desarrollo de catalizadores para su aplicación en la transformación catalítica de glicerol a productos químicos de alto valor. Además, ayudar al entendimiento de la relación entre la estructura del catalizador y la actividad catalítica. La atención de esta investigación se centra en la conversión de glicerol sobre catalizadores de níquel, cuya principal desventaja es su baja estabilidad debido a la deposición de carbón. Cómo mejorar la estabilidad de los catalizadores de níquel es aún un tema de debate. Se estudió la conversión catalítica de glicerol en fase gas sobre un catalizador de Ni/γ-Al2O3 a presión atmosférica, 573 K y en presencia de hidrógeno en un reactor de lecho fijo. La temperatura de reducción del catalizador fue empleada como parámetro para evaluar su efecto sobre la actividad catalítica. Además, el efecto de la introducción de Cu en el catalizador de Ni/γ-Al2O3 sobre la conversión del glicerol fue también estudiado. Diferentes razones atómicas Ni/Cu (8/1, 4/1, 2/1, 1/1, 1/2, 1/4, 1/8) fueron estudiadas.
World demand for energy, chemicals and products is increasing every year. Current production systems and consumption patterns are now unsustainable. New alternative ways must be developed to satisfy not only the energy needs and the production of chemicals but also for a more friendly effect on the environment. Biomass resources such as glycerol represent one alternative to this. The catalyst role in the mechanism of the cleavage of the C-C and C-O bonds which modulates the routes in the glycerol conversion is the key to control the selectivity to target products. Because of that, this research work wishes to contribute with the development of catalysts for the catalytic transformation of glycerol to high value-added chemicals, and to understand the catalyst structure relationship with the catalytic performance. The attention of the present research is devoted to the glycerol hydrogenolysis over Ni based catalysts. The catalytic conversion of glycerol in gas phase over Ni/γ-Al2O3 catalyst at atmospheric pressure and 573 K in the presence of hydrogen in a fixed bed reactor was studied. Different reduction temperatures of the Ni samples were used as parameter to evaluate its effect on the catalytic performance. Then, the effect of Cu introduction into Ni in the catalytic glycerol conversion was also studied. Different Ni/Cu atomic ratios of 8/1, 4/1, 2/1, 1/1, 1/2, 1/4, 1/8 were studied.

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Cárdenas-Arenas, Andrea. „Ni-based catalysts supported on CeO2 for CO2 valorisation“. Doctoral thesis, Universidad de Alicante, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10045/115053.

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Esta Tesis Doctoral se ha enfocado en el diseño y síntesis de catalizadores de NiO-CeO2 para la metanación de CO2 y el reformado seco de metano, como alternativas para la revalorización de CO2. Concretamente, se ha estudiado el mecanismo de reacción de la metanación de CO2 sobre sistemas catalíticos NiO-CeO2 y se han optimizado los sitios activos implicados en esta reacción. Además, se ha estudiado la influencia de la morfología de los catalizadores NiO-CeO2 en su comportamiento catalítico para la reacción de metanación de CO2 utilizando diferentes tipos de materiales, como nanopartículas, nanopartículas soportadas, 3DOM, catalizadores macroporosos convencionales y xerogeles de carbón. Finalmente, se ha diseñado un catalizador basado en nanopartículas y se ha estudiado sus propiedades catalíticas para la reacción de reformado seco de metano.

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Albarazi, Abdulkader. „Development of Ni-based catalysts for methane dry reforming application“. Paris 6, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA066814.

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Houache, Mohamed Seif Eddine. „Efficient Nanostructured Ni-Based Catalysts for Electrochemical Valorization of Glycerol“. Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/41208.

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The biodiesel industry produces millions of kilograms of low-value glycerol, which must be either stored or disposed of, creating environmental concerns. Even though glycerol is utilized as a raw material within various industries its supply is still superior to the demand. Upgrading this biodiesel by-product into value-added products using electrochemical technologies is a promising approach and will make biodiesel production more environmentally friendly with added financial benefits. Precious metals are the state-of-the-art electro-catalysts for the oxidation of organic compounds, and so are a logical choice for the electro-oxidation of glycerol. Two factors that hinder their use in this regard for commercial applications include their cost and susceptibility to poisoning by the carbonyl (CO) species formed during the electro-oxidation process. The use of inexpensive transition metals as the principal metals in a catalyst composite is thus appealing, leading to the selection of nickel (Ni). Furthermore, its high activity, anti-poison ability and long-term stability in alkaline solutions make it an attractive candidate for glycerol electrooxidation reaction (GEOR). The main thrust of this work is to develop a deeper understanding of the factors involved in controlling the selectivity of the product reaction without 3 carbon cleavage on non-precious metal surfaces. To overcome a trial-and-error approach, we took advantage of modern synthesis and characterization techniques for metal alloy nanoparticles and advances in rapid identifications and quantifications of products based on infrared spectroscopy. These tools were expected to provide the foundation for the detailed understanding of GEOR mechanism hence would pave the way for the rational design of catalysts to produce specific high value-added chemicals. We cared out extensive research to determine the effect of size, morphology, shape, support, experimental conditions and catalyst preparation methods on the catalytic performance of Ni. The thesis aims to demonstrate how the selectivity of unsupported Ni nanoparticles for GEOR can be improved via interaction of Ni with low noble and transition metals content. Enhanced selectivity towards C3 and C2 products such as glycerate, lactate, oxalate and tartronate, was achieved by simply adding less than 20 atomic percent of any of bismuth (Bi), Pd or Au onto Ni nanoparticles. Furthermore, the composition effect of carbon supported NiₓM₁₋ₓ (M = Bi, Pd and Au) nanomaterials were combined with Pt/C and commercial silver nanoparticles for cathodic hydrogen production and CO₂ electro-reduction, respectively. These rich-phase of Ni(OH)₂ catalysts were highly active and selective towards C-C bond breaking products leading to 100% selectivity of formate after 1 hr electrolysis and 100% conversion of glycerol after 24 hr at +1.55 V. Lastly, the first principles calculations based on the density functional theory (DFT) insights provided an explanation to understand the electronic structure, magnetism and reactivity of our catalysts. Core@shell (Mm@Nin) nanoparticles of 13-, 54- and 55-atoms with different elements concentrations matched the experimental results and assisted us with a better understanding of some of the microscopic phenomena involved with the reactivity of bimetallic nanoparticles.

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Mukka, Mayuri. „Parametric study of the partial oxidation of propane over Ni and Pt based catalysts“. Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10450/11243.

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Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2010.
Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains xiii, 130 p. : ill. (some col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 125-129).

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González, Arcos Angélica Viviana. „RhPt and Ni based catalysts for fuel reforming in energy conversion“. Doctoral thesis, KTH, Kemisk teknologi, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-160026.

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Although current trends in global warming are of great concern, energy demand is still increasing, resulting in increasing pollutant emissions. To address this issue, we need reliable renewable energy sources, lowered pollutant emissions, and efficient and profitable processes for energy conversion. We also need to improve the use of the energy, produced by existing infrastructure. Consequently, the work presented in this thesis aims at investigating current scientific and technological challenges in energy conversion through biomass gasification and the alternative use of fossil fuels, such as diesel, in the generation of cleaner electricity through auxiliary power units in the transport sector. Production of chemicals, syngas, and renewable fuels is highly dependent on the development and innovation of catalytic processes within these applications. This thesis focuses on the development and optimization of catalytic technologies in these areas. One of the limitations in the commercialization of the biomass gasification technology is the effective catalytic conversion of tars, formed during gasification. Biomass contains high amounts of alkali impurities, which pass on to the producer gas. Therefore, a new material with alkali tolerance is needed. In the scope of this thesis, a new catalyst support, KxWO3 – ZrO2 with high alkali resistance was developed. The dynamic capability of KxWO3 – ZrO2 to store alkali metals in the crystal structure, enhances the capture of alkali metals "in situ". Alkali metals are also important electronic promoters for the active phase, which usually increases the catalysts activity and selectivity for certain products. Experimental results show that conversion of 1-methylnaphathalene over Ni/KxWO3 – ZrO2 increases in the presence of 2 ppm of gas-phase K (Paper I). This support is considered to contribute to the electronic equilibrium within the metal/support interface, when certain amounts of alkali metals are present. The potential use of this support can be extended to applications in which alkali "storage-release" properties are required, i.e. processes with high alkali content in the process flow, to enhance catalyst lifetime and regeneration. In addition, fundamental studies to understand the adsorption geometry of naphthalene with increasing temperature were performed in a single crystal of Ni(111) by STM analyses. Chapter 9 presents preliminary studies on the adsorption geometry of the molecule, as well as DFT calculations of the adsorption energy. In relation to the use of clean energy for transport applications, hydrogen generation through ATR for FC-APUs is presented in Papers II to V. Two promoted RhPt bimetallic catalysts were selected in a previous bench scale study, supported on La2O3:CeO2/d – Al2O3 and MgO : Y2O3/CeO2 – ZrO2. Catalyst evaluation was performed in a fullscale reformer under real operating conditions. Results showed increased catalyst activity after the second monolithic catalyst due to the effect of steam reforming, WGS reaction, and higher catalyst reducibility of the RhxOy species in the CeO2 – ZrO2 mixed oxide, as a result of the improved redox properties. The influence of sulfur and coke formation on diesel reforming was assessed after 40 h on stream. Sulfur poisoning was evaluated for the intrinsic activity related to the total Rh and Pt area observed after exposure to sulfur. Sulfur concentration in the aged catalyst washcoat was observed to decrease in the axial direction of the reformer. Estimations of the amount of sulfur adsorbed were found to be below the theoretical equilibrated coverage on Rh and Pt, thus showing a partial deactivation due to sulfur poisoning.

QC 20150213

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Moni, Lucky. „Ni(II) and Pd(II) based catalysts for α-olefin polymerisation“. Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/9955.

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Yan, Wei. „Nickel-based Catalysts for Urea Electro-oxidation“. Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1391419479.

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Cao, Pengfei. „The development of Ni based catalysts for carbon dioxide reforming of methane“. Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2017. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/46876/.

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Recently, with the rapid development of human society, meeting energy demand and controlling climate change are becoming urgent issues. Carbon dioxide (dry) reforming of methane (DRM) has been considered as a promising technology as it utilizes greenhouse gas to provide high value added liquid fuel and chemicals coupling with a Fischer-Tropsch (F-T) process. In other words, this process can both improve supply of liquid fuel and eliminate global warming issues. Since deactivation of catalysts is the major obstacle for commercialization of this approach, deep understanding of this process and development of catalysts with high activity and stability are necessary to be studied. Firstly, a comprehensive thermodynamic analysis of DRM and its side reactions was performed to get a deep understanding of this process. Low CH4/CO2 ratios improve CH4 conversion and CO selectivity, but have negative influence on CO2 conversion and H2 selectivity. While, CH4 conversion, CO2 conversion (T ≥ 630°C), H2 selectivity CO selectivity and carbon formation are all enhanced at high pressures. Severe carbon formation is found at the temperature range of 546 and 703 °C, and carbon free regime is suggested under operating conditions of T ≥ 1000 °C, CH4/ CO2 mole ratio = 1 and pressure = 0.1 MPa. In addition, an index about the relationship of H2/CO mole ratio and operating conditions was established in this study. It is beneficial in both process efficiency and economics in practice as the index can be used to guide the selection of appropriate operating conditions to tune H2/CO mole ratio in syngas to satisfy different requirements of different F-T processes. As drying process has big influence on structure formation of catalysts, the effects of oven drying and vacuum freeze drying on the performance of Ni/Al2O3 in DRM were investigated. The sublimation process in vacuum freeze drying increased the BET surface area but maintain small and uniform pore structure which protect NiO particle from aggregation. Besides, since the solid ice settled nickel nitrate salt in preparation stage, the aggregation of NiO after calcination is also suppressed. Comparing to oven dried catalyst (OD-Cat), anti-deactivation of vacuum freeze dried catalyst (VFD-Cat) was enhanced, which is due to small Ni particle size and high Ni dispersion. The CO2-TPD analysis shows that the amount of basicity on catalyst VFD-Cat is more than it on catalyst OD-Cat, which helps to eliminate coke formation by enhanced the adsorption and activation of CO2. Furthermore, less carbon deposition and less graphic degree coke was detected on spent catalyst VFD-Cat. Overall, vacuum freeze drying technique is suggested to synthesis catalysts for DRM to improve its stability and resistance of coke formation. In this study, the effects of calcination method (i.e. microwave and furnace) on activity and stability of catalyst Ni/Al2O3 were also studied. Microwave calcined catalyst (MC-Cat) showed a better catalytic performance than furnace calcined catalyst (FC-Cat) because of a slow deactivation rate. Because of the advantage of homogeneous volume heating in microwave calcination process, lager total surface area of catalyst and smaller Ni particle with uniform size were observed on catalyst MC-Cat than it on catalyst FC-Cat. Moreover, the amount of basic sites on catalyst MC-Cat was increased under microwave heating, which is contribution to coke formation with less amount and lower graphic degree. Therefore, microwave calcination is suggested to improve the resistance of catalytic deactivation caused by coke deposition. Additionally, the energy saving is more than 90% for microwave calcination in this case as microwave heating is a fast and energy efficiency. To improve the stability of catalyst Ni/γ-Al2O3 in carbon dioxide reforming of methane, K2CO3 was introduced as a promoter to enhance the coke resistance of catalyst. From the results, catalyst promoted with K2CO3 (K-Ni-Al) showed a relative high activity and stability in 100 h of DRM reaction. During long term test, the activity decreased at first 20h then became stable. As K2CO3 has advantages such as high specific heat, good thermal stability, strong basicity and fast heat transfer, it can increase basicity on the surface, control Ni particle size during both reduction and reaction stages, and increase the number of active metallic Ni by weaken the metal-support interactions. Moreover, it was found that that K2CO3 could react with carbon deposition, which could build a micro-cycle to eliminate coke formation.

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Pegios, Nikolaos [Verfasser], Regina [Akademischer Betreuer] Palkovits und Matthias [Akademischer Betreuer] Wessling. „Ni-based catalysts for the dry reforming of methane / Nikolaos Pegios ; Regina Palkovits, Matthias Weßling“. Aachen : Universitätsbibliothek der RWTH Aachen, 2018. http://d-nb.info/117652805X/34.

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Buchteile zum Thema "Ni-Based catalysts"

Hofmann, Peter, und Michael E. Tauchert. „Ligand Design and Mechanistic Studies for Ni-Catalyzed Hydrocyanation and 2-Methyl-3-Butenenitrile Isomerization Based upon Rh-Hydroformylation Research“. In Molecular Catalysts, 161–82. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527673278.ch8.

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Gajewy, Jadwiga, Daniel Łowicki und Marcin Kwit. „From Noble Metals to Fe-, Co-, and Ni-based Catalysts: A Case Study of Asymmetric Reductions“. In Chiral Lewis Acids in Organic Synthesis, 183–221. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527802142.ch6.

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The Luong, Nguyen, Tran Van Hoang, Pham Minh Tuan und Le Anh Tuan. „Thermal Efficiency and Exhaust Emission of an SI Engine Using Hydrogen Enriched Gas from Exhaust Gas Fuel Reforming Based on Ni-Cu/Al2O3 Catalysts“. In The AUN/SEED-Net Joint Regional Conference in Transportation, Energy, and Mechanical Manufacturing Engineering, 925–37. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-1968-8_79.

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He, Shiqi. „Ni-based catalyst for phenol and its derivative selective hydrodeoxygenation“. In Advances in Applied Chemistry and Industrial Catalysis, 298–304. London: CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003308553-46.

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Yamanaka, Ichiro, und Yuta Nabae. „Direct Oxidation of Dry Methane by Pd-Ni Synergy Catalyst Supported on Lanthanum Chromite Based Anode“. In Advances in Science and Technology, 2067–76. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/3-908158-01-x.2067.

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Liu, Jing, und Jiandu Lei. „Hydroprocessing Catalysts: Inexpensive Ni-Based Nonsulfided Catalysts“. In Catalytic Science Series, 77–95. WORLD SCIENTIFIC (EUROPE), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9781786344847_0003.

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Dantas, Sandra C., Janaína C. Escritori, Ricardo R. Soares und Carla E. Hori. „Ni/CeZrO2-based catalysts for H2 production“. In Studies in Surface Science and Catalysis, 487–92. Elsevier, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0167-2991(07)80179-0.

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Yartys, V., I. Zavaliy, A. Kytsya, V. Berezovets, Yu Pirskyy, F. Manilevich, Yu Verbovytskyy und P. Lyutyy. „Ni-, Co- and Pt-based nanocatalysts for hydrogen generation via hydrolysis of NaBH4“. In HYDROGEN BASED ENERGY STORAGE: STATUS AND RECENT DEVELOPMENTS, 94–104. Institute for Problems in Materials Science, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/materials2021.094.

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Ni-, Co- and Pt-based nanostructures were prepared via different physical-chemical methods and tested as the catalysts of hydrolysis of NaBH4. Ni-Co bimetallic nanoparticles with different Ni-Co ratios were synthesized by the modified polyol method via the reduction of in situ precipitated slurries of Ni and Co hydroxides by hydrazine in ethylene glycol solutions. It was found that a Ni- Co nanoparticles with the equal Ni/Co content and mean size of 130 nm are a more active catalyst as compared to Ni75Co25 and Ni25Co75 nanopowders and provide a constant rate of hydrogen evolution up to the full conversion of NaBH4. Zeolite supported Ni- and Co-based nanostructures (Ni-Z and Co-Z) as a convenient in use alternative to the metallic nanoparticles were synthesized via two-stage procedure consisted of adsorption of Ni2+ or Co2+ ions by zeolite from the aqueous solutions followed by the reduction of the adsorbed cations by NaBH4. Using SEM and EDX it was found that such method of synthesis provide the uniform distribution of 50 – 100 nm metallic nanopaticles both on the surface and in the bulk of the carrier due to the high cation-exchange capacity of the aluminosilicates. It was found that Co-Z catalyst is more active compared to Ni-Z and in studied conditions provides the H2 evolution rate close to 1450 mL/min per 1 g of precipitated metal. Various Pt-based nanocomposites were obtained by polyol synthesis and subsequently deposited on the carriers (carbon cloth or cordierite) as well as via a platinum electrodeposition on the titanium crump. It was found that the most efficient catalyst of the hydrolysis of NaBH4 is a cordierite-supported nanodispersed Pt which is able to maintain operation of a 30 W battery of fuel cells for 9-10 hours when using for the hydrolysis 1.1 L of 10 % NaBH4 solution.

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MURATA, S., N. HATANAKA, H. INOUE, K. KIDENA und M. NOMURA. „CO2 Reforming of Methane Catalyzed by Ni-Loaded Zeolite-Based Catalysts“. In Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies - 6th International Conference, 1485–89. Elsevier, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-008044276-1/50235-x.

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Wang, Shaobin, und G. Q. (Max) Lu. „Reaction kinetics and deactivation of Ni-based catalysts in CO2 reforming of methane“. In Reaction Engineering for Pollution Prevention, 75–84. Elsevier, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-044450215-5/50080-9.

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Konferenzberichte zum Thema "Ni-Based catalysts"

„Syngas production via combined dry and steam reforming methane over Ni-based catalyst: A review“. In Sustainable Processes and Clean Energy Transition. Materials Research Forum LLC, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.21741/9781644902516-3.

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Abstract. Global energy consumption has eventually increased as a result of the growing world population. Various problems arise as a result. The accumulation of greenhouse gases (GHGs), which led to a shift in the world's climate, is the most problematic. Combined dry and steam reforming of methane (CDRSM) is a highly advantageous method since it uses two of the most significant GHGs, CH4 and CO2, to produce syngas, an intermediate product to produce valuable fuels. Ni-based catalysts are inexpensive, compared to many noble metals, and exhibit good reaction activity. However, deactivation, coking, and sintering of catalysts continue to be the major obstacles to commercialization. Due to better and more stable catalytic structure, which is both coke and sintering resistant at high temperatures, bimetallic catalysts have established increased activity and prolonged durability when compared to monometallic catalysts. This review highlights recent advancements in Ni-based catalysts for CDSRM by emphasizing factors such as catalyst support, bimetallic catalyst, promoters, and strong metal-support interactions (SMSI).

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Ramis, Gianguido, Guido Busca, Tania Montanari, Michele Sisani und Umberto Costantino. „Ni-Co-Zn-Al Catalysts From Hydrotalcite-Like Precursors for Hydrogen Production by Ethanol Steam Reforming“. In ASME 2010 8th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fuelcell2010-33034.

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A series of well crystallized Ni-Co-Zn-Al LDHs materials has been prepared by the urea hydrolysis method as precursors of mixed oxide catalysts for the Ethanol Steam Reforming (ESR) reaction. The calcination of the layered precursors gives rise to high surface area mixed oxides, mainly a mixture of rock-salt phase (NiO), wurtzite phase (ZnO) and spinel phase. Both precursors and mixed oxides have been throughtfully characterized and the steam reforming of ethanol has been investigated over the calcined catalysts in flow reactor and in-situ FT-IR experiments. The data here reported provide evidence of the good catalytic activity of Co-Zn-Al and Co-Ni-Zn-Al catalysts prepared from hydrotalcite-like LHD precursors for ethanol steam reforming. At 823 K the most active Co/Ni catalyst containains a predominant spinel phase with composition near Zn0.58Ni0.42[Al0.44Co0.56]2O4 and small amounts of NiO and ZnO. On the other side, at 873 K the selectivity to hydrogen increases with cobalt content. In particular, the presence of cobalt increases selectivity to H2 and CO2 and decreases selectivity to methane in the low temperature range 720–870 K. The most selective catalyst is the Ni-free Co-Zn-Al mixed oxide essentially constituted by a single spinel type phase Zn0.55Co0.45[Al0.45Co0.55]2O4. Cobalt catalysts appear consequently to behave better than nickel based catalysts in this temperature range. The key feature for high selectivity to hydrogen is proposed to be associated to a stability of a relatively high oxidation state at the catalyst surface, the most relevant selectivity determining step being constituted by the evolution of surface acetate species. In fact, over oxidized catalyst surface the acetate species evolve producing carbon dioxide and hydrogen while over a more reduced surface they evolve giving rise to methane and COx. Water is supposed to have the main role of allowing surface sites to stay in an unreduced state at least in the temperature range 720–870 K.

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Li, Hangjie, Dongming Shen, Xikun Gai, Peng Lv, Jianwei Mao, Chengxue Lv und Ruiqin Yang. „Influence of Ni based catalysts on CH4-CO2 reforming reaction“. In 5th International Conference on Advanced Design and Manufacturing Engineering. Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icadme-15.2015.161.

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Mikhailov, Stepan, Mikhail Sulman, Valentina Matveeva, Alexander Sidorov und Valentin Doluda. „N-METHYL-D-GLUCOSE AMINE SYNTHESIS OVER NI BASED CATALYSTS“. In 20th International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference Proceedings SGEM 2020. STEF92 Technology, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2020/4.1/s17.016.

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Shirzadi Jahromi, Hassan, Shivi Saxena, Sudharsan Sridhar, Muralidhar K. Ghantasala, Ramakrishna Guda und Elena A. Rozhkova. „Development of Nickel-ZIF-8 Doped Nitrogen Reduced Graphene Oxide Catalytic Materials for PEM Fuel Cell“. In ASME 2023 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2023-113169.

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Abstract This paper presents the results of our investigation on new catalyst materials for Proton-exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells. The sluggish kinetics of the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and poor electrochemical durability of platinum-based catalysts necessitated the study of new materials. Recently, pyrolytic transition metal nitrogen-carbon material (M-N-C) based catalysts have gained considerable attention for their unique electronic structure and other physical properties, which can facilitate better ionic and electronic conductivities. Specifically, nickel-nitrogen-carbon (Ni-N-C) catalysts have demonstrated favorable catalytic activity and durability due to their fast electron transfer rates and improved kinetic reaction rates. This study describes a facile method for synthesizing Nitrogen-doped and pristine reduced graphene oxide (N-rGO and rGO) with Metal-Organic Framework (MOF) material, in making N-rGO-Ni-ZIFx and rGO-Ni-ZIFx Several characterization techniques, including FTIR, Raman spectroscopy, XRD, SEM, and EDS, were employed to assess the physical and chemical properties that impact the electrochemical performance of the synthesized materials. Based on the results obtained, it can be inferred that the inclusion of the transition metal and the process of high-temperature pyrolysis (at 600°C) have a considerable influence on the improvement of ORR activity. The N-rGO-Ni-ZIFx-600 sample exhibits superior ORR activity in acidic media, displaying comparable redox peaks to those observed with the commercially available 40 wt% Pt/C catalyst. The correlation of different properties with their respective electrochemical activity is discussed in this paper.

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Das, Randip K., B. B. Ghosh, Souvik Bhattacharyya und Maya DuttaGupta. „Catalytic Control of SI Engine Emissions Over Ion-Exchanged X-Zeolites“. In ASME 1997 Turbo Asia Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/97-aa-077.

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Three catalysts based on X-zeolite have been developed by exchanging its Na+ ion with Copper, Iron and Nickel metal ions and tested in a SI engine exhaust for a wide range of exhaust and operating conditions. Of the three catalysts, the Cu-X catalyst exhibits the best NOx and CO conversion performance while Ni-X shows slightly better performance compared to the Fe-X catalyst at any catalyst temperature. Unlike noble metals, the doped X-zeolite catalysts, studied here, exhibit significant NOx reduction for a wide λ range and exhibit a slow rate of decrease with increase in λ ratio. Back pressure developed across the catalyst bed is found to be well-afford able and power loss due to back pressure is only 0.216% at space velocity of 52500 /h. During 30 hours of testing of each catalyst, no significant deactivation of any catalyst is observed.

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Xia, Xiaoqiang, Hui Chen, Yadong Bi und Jianli Hu. „Deoxygenation of methyl laurate over Ni based catalysts: Influence of supports“. In 2ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MATERIALS SCIENCE, RESOURCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING (MSREE 2017). Author(s), 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5005212.

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Simanullang, Wiyanti Fransisca. „Highly active Si-decorated Ni-alloy based catalysts for acetylene hydrogenation“. In XVII MEXICAN SYMPOSIUM ON MEDICAL PHYSICS. AIP Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0173306.

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Khader, Mahmoud M., Mohammed J. Al Marri, Sardar Ali, Ahmed G. Abdelmoneim, Anand Kumar, Mohd Ali H. Saleh und Ahmed Soliman. „Catalytic evaluation of Ni-based nano-catalysts in dry reformation of methane“. In 2017 IEEE 17th International Conference on Nanotechnology (IEEE-NANO). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/nano.2017.8117488.

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Mesa, Camilo A., Roser Fernández-Climent, Felipe Garcés-Pineda, José R. Galán-Mascarós und Sixto Gimenez. „Operando mechanistic characterisation of Cu- and Ni-based catalysts for water splitting“. In MATSUS Fall 2023 Conference. València: FUNDACIO DE LA COMUNITAT VALENCIANA SCITO, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.29363/nanoge.matsus.2023.368.

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Berichte der Organisationen zum Thema "Ni-Based catalysts"

Gunther Dieckmann. Development of Ni-based Sulfur Resistant Catalyst for Diesel Reforming. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), Juni 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/890744.

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