Dissertationen zum Thema „Neurones humains“
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Creyssels, Sophie. „Comprendre les mécanismes cellulaires déficients dans la MPS VII par l'utilisation de neurones humains dérivés d'iPSC“. Thesis, Montpellier, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015MONTT009.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe molecular pathways linking lysosomal storage diseases (LSD) to neuronal dysfunction are poorly understood. To better understand neuronal dysfunction associated with mucopolysaccharidosis type VII (MPS VII), a LSD due to deficiency in ß-glucuronidase activity, we generated human MPS VII neurons from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC). Starting from MPS VII patient fibroblasts, iPSC-derived neural stem cells (NSC) and neurons were generated and characterized. MPS VII iPSC were positive for pluripotency tests (alkaline phosphatase activity, expression of pluripotency markers SSEA3, TRA-2-49 and Nanog by immunostaining and pluripotency gene SOX2, Oct4 and Lin28 expression by qRT-PCR, embryonic bodies formation and generation of cells derivated from the three germ layers in vivo by teratoma formation) and had a normal karyotype. IPSC-derived NSC expressed the markers Nestin and SOX2, and were used to generate neurons. MPS VII neurons expressed mature neuronal markers as MAP2, formed synapses and displayed a calcium-dependent activity. To identify molecular defects in MPS VII, we compared NSC and neurons, with or without conditioned medium containing a recombinant human ß-glucuronidase (rhGUS), enzyme currently used in phase 1/2, from Ultragenyx. This enzyme is taken up by cells, reaches their lysosoms and corrects MPS VII lysosoms dysfunctions, restoring cells to healthy phenotype (phenomena also called enzyme replacement therapy (ERT)). Our assays allow us to circumvent clonal variability associated with iPSC, and to better identify neuronal defects, corrected by ERT, which are associated with MPS VII disease
Asfogo, Noemi. „Intéraction entre synucléinopathie et dysfonctionnement mitochondrial dans des modèles neuronaux de la maladie de Parkinson“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2023. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2023SORUS732.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleParkinson's disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) and the presence of inclusions called Lewy bodies (LBs), containing the presynaptic protein alpha-synuclein (αSyn) as a major component. A number of arguments, supported by advances in genetics, point to a role for altered αSyn homeostasis and mitochondrial dysfunction in PD. The αSyn species formed during its pathological accumulation are indeed suspected to affect the function of the mitochondria. However, we lack a consensual and integrated view of the consequences of these forms of αSyn on mitochondrial physiology over time, as well as the mechanisms involved. This thesis project was part of a detailed study aimed at exploring the contribution of αSyn-to mitochondrial dysfunction in neuronal and in vivo models, as part of the European IMI2/PD-MitoQUANT project. The thesis focused on the use of neuronal models of pathological αSyn aggregation, induced by exposure to Syn fibrils preformed in vitro (PFFs), to study the impact of this process on various aspects related to mitochondrial quality control. We first reproduced and validated in our laboratory a model of synucleinopathy based on exposure of primary mouse cortical neurons to PFFs. After two weeks of exposure, we observed the presence of deposits rich in phosphorylated αSyn (pS129) in these neurons, as well as a strong colocalization of pS129with mitochondria. We then assessed the impact of PFFs and synucleinopathy on mitophagy, using the fluorescent reporter MitoRosella. We demonstrated an increase in mitophagy following acute exposure of neurons to PFFs, which was not found in Parkin-deficient neurons (PRKN(-/-)). This suggests that PFFs damage mitochondria, activating a Parkin-dependent mitochondrial clearance program. A similar increase in mitophagy was found in neurons chronically exposed to PFFs in both wild type and PRKN(-/-) context, irrespective of the presence of pS129 deposits in the cells. In parallel, we monitored the impact of PFFs on mitochondrial biogenesis, studying de novo mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) synthesis using an approach based on incorporation of the nucleoside analogue EdU and its visualization by imaging. We observed an increase in mtDNA synthesis following acute exposure to PFFs, which again did not occur in PRKN(-/-) neurons. In a context of chronic exposure, on the contrary, we observed a progressive decrease in de novo mtDNA synthesis, which was similar in the presence and absence of Parkin. In the last part of my thesis, I sought to confirm some of these key observations in a human neuronal model, and began exploring the mechanisms responsible for mitophagy activation in the synucleinopathy model. Taken together, these results demonstrate that progression of PFFs-induced Syn pathology is associated with imbalanced mitochondrial turnover, with on one hand enhanced mitochondrial degradation via mitophagy, and on the other hand lack of compensation via mitochondrial biogenesis. Ultimately, these alterations could lead to mitochondrial dysfunction, as shown by complementary results obtained in vitro and in vivo in the broader context of the PD-MitoQUANT project. Further studies are required to identify the mechanisms responsible for the observed alterations and determine to what extent they contribute to the neuronal vulnerability underlying neurodegeneration in PD
Petite, Didier. „Cryopréservation de neurones embryonnaires humains et animaux dans une perspective de transplantation“. Paris, EPHE, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000EPHE3016.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDésormeaux, Cléo. „Signalisation des "protease-activated receptors" dans les neurones sensitifs humains : implication dans le syndrome de l'intestin irritable“. Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOU30198.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIrritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is characterized by chronic abdominal pain, diarrhea and/or constipation. Sensory neurons from IBS patients are considered to be over-activated, being thereby responsible of the experienced visceral pain. Among mediators involved in IBS, proteases seem to have a prominent role. First, proteolytic activity is increased in the supernatants of colonic biopsies from IBS patients. Second, these proteases activate " Proteases-Activated Receptors " (PARs) in rodent sensory neurons. Rodent primary afferent activation can be induced by a PAR2-dependent mechanism, which generates visceral hypersensitivity. This mechanism can be inhibited by a PAR4-dependent mechanism. In some cell types such as platelets, PARs may have very different functions in rodent versus human. The expression and the signalization of PARs in human sensory neurons have never been explored. The general aim of this thesis was to study the signalization of PARs and to identify the effect of mediators present in tissues from IBS patients, on their ability to activate human sensory neurons. The final objective was to identify new possible therapeutic targets to treat visceral pain associated with IBS. The first objective was to establish a protocol for culturing human sensory neurons isolated from thoracic dorsal root ganglia (DRG). Thoracic DRG contain the stroma of sensory neurons projecting from the colon. The culture of human sensory neurons was 90% pure with viable and functional neurons, which were able to induce calcium flux in response to different pro-nociceptive agonists. PAR expression was studied in cultures and compared to fresh DRG tissues. PAR1, PAR2 and PAR4 as well as others receptors from the " Transcient Receptors Potential " (TRPs) channel family were similarly expressed in neurons from fresh DRG tissues and in cultured sensory neurons, thereby validating the physiological phenotype of human DRG neurons in culture. The effect of PAR agonists was studied by imaging calcium mobilization in human sensory neuron cultures. From all PAR agonist peptides used, only PAR1 agonist peptide was able to increase calcium signaling in human sensory neurons, while PAR4 agonist peptide was able to decrease this calcium signaling. Similar to PAR1 agonist peptide, thrombin a protease capable of activating both PAR1 and PAR4, induced an increase of calcium flux in human sensory neurons. Thrombin-induced calcium mobilization was inhibited by a PAR1 antagonist and was potentiated by a PAR4 antagonist. Thus, thrombin has a contradictory double effect on human sensory neurons, inducing calcium signaling through PAR1 activation and inhibiting calcium signaling through PAR4 activation. In addition, supernatants of colonic biopsies from IBS patients but not from healthy controls, provoked an increased calcium signaling in human sensory neurons. This effect was dependent on the activation of PAR1. In the context of IBS, our results highlight the importance of targeting PAR1-induced sensitization in human sensory neurons. The DRG culture technique we have established offers important and new applications in the domain of neurosciences. All together, these data point to new therapeutic possibilities for the use of PAR1 antagonist in the treatment of visceral pain associated with IBS
Gouder, Laura. „Etude de l'effet de mutations du gène SHANK3 dans les TSA à partir de neurones corticaux humains dérivés de cellules souches pluripotentes induites“. Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCB089/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAutism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder affecting 1% of population ; characterised by impairments in social interaction and reciprocal communication as well as repetitive and stereotyped behaviors. The work of the laboratory lead to the identification of several genes associated with ASD, among which genes of the synaptic pathway such as SHANK. The SHANK proteins are scaffolding proteins of the post-synaptic density (PSD) of glutamatergic neurons and interact with several partners. In my thesis project, we were particularly interested in SHANK3 mutations. First, Shank3 mutations represent up to 2.12% of ASD cases with moderate to high ID. A SHANK3 deficit leads to the alteration of the synaptic functioning. Indeed, studies of mice KO for SHANK3 gene showed a decrease of the dendritic spines density, of the PSD size and of the expression of SHANK3 partners. My principal model of analysis consisted in the reprogrammation of fibroblasts into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). Then, the iPSCs were selectively derived into cortical neurons. Our studies were focus on the analysis of functional consequences of SHANK3 de novo mutations found within 4 patients. These mutations are heterozygous and within the exon 21. They result in a premature stop codon. In parallel, we obtained cells from 4 healthy individuals. The work was about the morphological and functional aspects. We analysed the mutations effects on the maturation and morphological caracteristics of the dendritic spines. We finalized a protocol that enabled a detailed analysis of the spine dendritic 3D morphology and their maturation follow-up. A important result was the observation of a decrease of the spine density on pyramidal neurons dendrites from patients compared to those from controls. Moreover, spines maturation was not fully accomplished but was not much different in its evolution between individuals (controls vs patients). Then, we used two functional skills : calcium imaging and electrophysiological experiments. The electrophysiological data are in progress. To conclude, we succeeded in the obtention of glutamatergic cortical neurons and to maintain them in culture during 40 days in order to realize some analysis at a sufficient maturation stage to observe morphological and functional phenotypes. We mainly observed a decrease of the dendritic spines density and maturation for the neurons from patients, with alterations of the spontaneous calcium oscillations
Antipov, Grigory. „Apprentissage profond pour la description sémantique des traits visuels humains“. Thesis, Paris, ENST, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017ENST0071/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe recent progress in artificial neural networks (rebranded as deep learning) has significantly boosted the state-of-the-art in numerous domains of computer vision. In this PhD study, we explore how deep learning techniques can help in the analysis of gender and age from a human face. In particular, two complementary problem settings are considered: (1) gender/age prediction from given face images, and (2) synthesis and editing of human faces with the required gender/age attributes.Firstly, we conduct a comprehensive study which results in an empirical formulation of a set of principles for optimal design and training of gender recognition and age estimation Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs). As a result, we obtain the state-of-the-art CNNs for gender/age prediction according to the three most popular benchmarks, and win an international competition on apparent age estimation. On a very challenging internal dataset, our best models reach 98.7% of gender classification accuracy and an average age estimation error of 4.26 years.In order to address the problem of synthesis and editing of human faces, we design and train GA-cGAN, the first Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) which can generate synthetic faces of high visual fidelity within required gender and age categories. Moreover, we propose a novel method which allows employing GA-cGAN for gender swapping and aging/rejuvenation without losing the original identity in synthetic faces. Finally, in order to show the practical interest of the designed face editing method, we apply it to improve the accuracy of an off-the-shelf face verification software in a cross-age evaluation scenario
Antipov, Grigory. „Apprentissage profond pour la description sémantique des traits visuels humains“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris, ENST, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017ENST0071.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe recent progress in artificial neural networks (rebranded as deep learning) has significantly boosted the state-of-the-art in numerous domains of computer vision. In this PhD study, we explore how deep learning techniques can help in the analysis of gender and age from a human face. In particular, two complementary problem settings are considered: (1) gender/age prediction from given face images, and (2) synthesis and editing of human faces with the required gender/age attributes.Firstly, we conduct a comprehensive study which results in an empirical formulation of a set of principles for optimal design and training of gender recognition and age estimation Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs). As a result, we obtain the state-of-the-art CNNs for gender/age prediction according to the three most popular benchmarks, and win an international competition on apparent age estimation. On a very challenging internal dataset, our best models reach 98.7% of gender classification accuracy and an average age estimation error of 4.26 years.In order to address the problem of synthesis and editing of human faces, we design and train GA-cGAN, the first Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) which can generate synthetic faces of high visual fidelity within required gender and age categories. Moreover, we propose a novel method which allows employing GA-cGAN for gender swapping and aging/rejuvenation without losing the original identity in synthetic faces. Finally, in order to show the practical interest of the designed face editing method, we apply it to improve the accuracy of an off-the-shelf face verification software in a cross-age evaluation scenario
Melo, de Farias Ana Raquel. „Probing the Alzheimer’s disease risk gene PTK2B using human-derived induced neurons“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lille (2022-....), 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023ULILS062.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAlzheimer's disease (AD) is the main type of dementia and poses a significant global public health challenge. It is characterized by a progressive decline in cognition, memory, and behavioral functions and affects more than 55 million people worldwide. At the molecular level, AD is defined by the presence of aggregated neurofibrillary tangles within neurons and the accumulation of amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques in the brain. These pathological features are associated with alterations in neuronal activity, synapse loss, gliosis, and neuroinflammation, leading to irreversible neurodegeneration. AD etiology and pathophysiology involves a complex interplay between genetic and environmental factors. Genome-Wide Association Studies have identified several loci carrying single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with AD risk. Among these loci, the one harboring the Protein Tyrosine Kinase 2β (PTK2B) is highlighted in the present work. This gene encodes a protein tyrosine kinase that is involved in calcium-induced regulation of ion channels and activation of numerous signaling pathways, such as MAP kinase. Non-synonimous genetic variations in the PTK2B locus have been associated with an increased risk of AD and are thought to regulate PTK2B expression. However, both the physiological and pathophysiological roles of PTK2B are not fully understood. In the human brain, PTK2B expression is mainly observed in glutamatergic neurons. Its expression declines during AD progression and may contribute to neuronal dysfunctions observed in the disease, such as increased electrical excitability and synaptic alterations. Therefore, understanding the role of PTK2B in human neurons may contribute to reveal the mechanisms of neuronal dysfunctions in AD. Considering that, the aims of this thesis are to uncover the cellular processes and molecular pathways regulated by PTK2B in human neurons. To that, we took advantage of isogenic human induced-pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) to generate neurons expressing different levels of PTK2B. Next, we employed functional and molecular assays to probe the consequences of altered PTK2B expression both in a physiological and in an AD-like context. We show that reduced PTK2B expression leads to increased TAU phosphorylation at various epitopes associated with AD pathology, suggesting a central role of PTK2B in regulating TAU aggregation. Using single-cell transcriptomics, we also show that reduced PTK2B expression leads to specific transcriptional alterations related to neuronal electrical activity and synaptic transmission mainly in glutamatergic neurons. Calcium imaging experiments indicate that PTK2B downregulation contributes to increased calcium spikes frequency without affecting synchronization, indicating an elevated neuronal electrical activity. Additionally, results from electrophysiological recordings from multi-electrode array (MEA) show increased electrical activity and disrupted bursting patterns in PTK2B mutant neurons. Overall, this work sheds light on the involvement of PTK2B in AD-related cellular processes, providing insights into the molecular mechanisms and functional alterations associated with PTK2B dysregulation in human iPSC-derived neural cells
Ferreira, Stéphanie. „Etude de l'apolipoprotéine E dans un modèle cellulaire de neurones humains : synthèses et toxicité de l'apolipoprotéine E au cours de la différenciation neuronale“. Lille 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002LIL2MT20.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleGuedjou, Hakim. „Influence des traits sociaux des humains sur l'apprentissage développemental d'un robot“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUS126.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn this thesis we use robotic learning models to learn tasks (game of imitation of posture and gestures) through a human-robot interaction. These models are integrated in the analysis of the social dimension of the interaction (detection of personality, role, emotional social states,... etc.). The models used in this thesis are neural architectures for autonomous interactive learning. The purpose of these architectures is to facilitate understanding of the development of cognitive skills. The existence of an implicit learning of the social traits of the human by the robot would open the door. Concretely, in this thesis we address this issue by analysing learning situations that involve partners from different populations. We then link the performance of the robot algorithms (learning trajectory, convergence, recognition score...) to the characteristics of its partners. We carried out several experiments related to both pathology (Autism) and personality traits (depression and anxiety) and we noticed the emergence of pattern related to the specificities of individuals interacting with the robot
Fares, Mazigh. „Modélisation pathologique de l'infection par le virus de l'encéphalite à tiques et réponse antivirale induite dans les neurones et astrocytes dérivées de progéniteurs neuraux foetaux humains“. Thesis, Paris, Institut agronomique, vétérinaire et forestier de France, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018IAVF0025.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleTick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV), a member of the Flaviviridae family, genus Flavivirus, is, from a medical point of view, the most important arbovirus in Europe and North-East Asia. It is responsible for febrile illness and, in some cases, for neurological manifestations ranging from mild meningitis to severe encephalomyelitis that can be fatal. Despite its medical importance, TBEV-induced neuropathogenesis remains poorly understood. Here, we used human neural cells differentiated from fetal neural progenitor cells (hNPCs) to model the infection in vitro and to decipher the mechanisms by which the virus damages the human brain. Our results showed that neurons and glial cells, namely astrocytes and oligodendrocytes, were permissive to TBEV. Neurons were massively infected and subjected to a dramatic cytopathic effect (60% loss 7 days post-infection). Astrocytes were also infected, although at lower levels, and the infection had a moderate effect on their survival (30% loss 7 days post infection), inducing a hypertrophied morphology characteristic of astrogliosis. Thus, two major cellular events described in TBEV-infected human brain (i.e. neuronal loss and astrogliosis) were reproduced in this in vitro cellular model, showing its relevance to study TBEV-induced neuropathogenesis. We therefore used it to tackle TBEV induced antiviral response. Using PCR arrays, we first showed that TBEV induced a strong antiviral response characterized by the overexpression of viral sensors, cytokines and interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs). Then, setting up enriched cultures of human neurons and human astrocytes, we further showed that the two cellular types were participating in the global antiviral response. However, astrocytes developed a stronger antiviral response than neurons. These results, by demonstrating that human neurons and human astrocytes have unique antiviral potential, suggest that their particular susceptibility to TBEV infection is due to their different capacity to mount a protective antiviral response
Moonens, Sofie. „Mirror Neurons : The human mirror neuron system“. Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för kommunikation och information, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-6103.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleGuirao, Salguero Verónica. „Intervención sobre la señalización de receptores extrasinápticos y sinápticos de N-metil-Daspartato en la muerte neuronal excitotóxica“. Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/396202.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe pathologic activation of N-Methyl-D-Aspartate receptors (NMDARs) and the subsequent increment of intracellular calcium constitute the fist cause of neuronal death induced by cerebral ischemia (Arundine and Tymianski, 2004). However, the physiologic activity of these receptors is crucial for the survival and funcionality of neurons. The magnitude of activation and the location of the NMDARs determine the effect of this activation on neuroprotection or excitotoxicity (Hardingham, 2006a; Hardingham, 2006b; Zhou et al., 2015b). Low intensity stimulous (physiologic) lead to the activation of synaptic NMDARs, composed mainly by the NR2A subunit, whereas high intensity stimulous (pathologic) lead to the activation of extrasynaptic NMDARs, composed mainly by the NR2B subunit (Tovar and Westbrook, 1999; Hardingham et al., 2002; Vizi et al., 2013). The most accepted hypothesis is that synaptic and extrasynaptic NMDARs have opposite effects; the entry of calcium by synaptic NMDARs triggers transcriptional changes that lead to neuroprotection while the entry of calcium by extrasynaptic NMDARs leads to the activation of the excitotoxic cascade (Hardingham and Bading, 2002). In this sense, it has been demonstrated that synaptic NMDARs activation promote CREB activity whereas the extrasynaptic NMDARs activation inactivates CREB inducing a fast defosforilation of this survival factor (Hardingham et al., 2002; Chen et al., 2008; Hardingham and Bading, 2010). In the present study we have focused on the intervention on NMDARs, promoting firstly the activation of synaptic NMDARs and its CREB signalling. In second place, we have focused on the identification of extrasynaptic NMDARs effectors that could constitute potential targets of intervention on the death signaling triggered by these receptors. We have determine that the synaptic NMDARs activation after an ischemic event is neuroprotective by CREB activation and that statin treatment during reperfusion activates CREB and protects specifically GABAergic neurons. In addition, using a proteomic approach, we have identified four posible targets that seem to play an impotant role on the neuronal death induced by extrasynaptic NMDARs.
Mouilleau, Vincent. „Etude des mécanismes du développement de la moelle épinière humaine par la mise en place de modèles in vitro dérivés de cellules souches pluripotentes humaines“. Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLS407.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDuring development, motor circuit formation depends on the specification of thousands of distinct motor neuron (MNs) subt-types generated at precise positions along the rostro-caudal axis (R-C) of the spinal cord. Depending on their location, MNs acquire distinct properties such as the position of their cell bodies or the specificity of their axonal projections towards their target muscle. . MNs subtypes are in registry with the different segments of the spinal cord: cervical, brachial, thoracic, lumbar and sacral. Within these segments, MNs are organized into motor columns, each one innervating a group of target muscles with common motor functions. Inside these columns, MN cell bodies clusters in motor pools correspondong to MNs innervating a single muscle. The formation of this diversity depends largely on the large family of transcription factors encoded by the Hox genes. During development, MN subtypes are sequentially specified from from the first born cervical MNs to the lastest born the sacral MNs. This temporal specification arises from the progressive differentiation of axial progenitors that undergo sequential changes in their competence over time. However, the mechanisms undelying these changes in competence remains poorly understood in animal models due to the complexity of living systems (rare cells embeded in complex tissues, influence of mulitple extrinsic signals on the population of interest) and impossible to study in humans. To address this question, I took advantage of the opportunities offered by the in vitro differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells. First, I characterized in the human embryo, the expression profile of HOX transcription factors that identify subtypes of spinal MNs located at different R-C levels in the spinal cord. Then, I developed a strategy to generate, from human stem cells, progenitors acquiring typical characteristics of axial progenitors. This allowed me to show that these in vitro derived axial progenitors change competence over time as observed in vertebrate animal modelss and can sequentially generate different populations of MNs. I then to identied molecular mechanisms underlying these temporal changes and showed that their manipulation alllows the first efficient generation of different populations of human MNs. These populations of MNs displaying different vulnerabilities in diseases, such as spinal muscular atrophy or lateral amyotrophic sclerosis, grantingaccess to these cells might allow the discovery of new therapeutic strategies in the future
Tawk, Mira. „Action et contrôle des leucotoxines de Staphylococcus aureus sur les cellules cibles“. Thesis, Strasbourg, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014STRAJ111/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe γ-hemolysin HlgC/HlgB and the Panton and Valentine leukocidin (PVL) are two pore-forming toxins of the family of bicomponent leukotoxins secreted by S. aureus that directly target human neutrophils (hPNNs) and increase the pathogenicity of the bacteria. These leukotoxins also are capable of targeting other cell types such as rat cerebellar granular neurons and DRG. First, the compound of the class S binds to a membrane receptor, C5aR. Alanine-scanning mutagenesis allowed the characterization of a cluster of amino acids localized on two loops of the “Rim” domain essential for LukS-PV binding to C5aR. Then, after the class F subunit binding, HlgC/HlgB and PVL appear to be internalized, allowing an increase in [Ca2+]i. Despite the similarities between these two subunits, the class F component allows each leukotoxin to activate different pathways. Derivatives of para-sulfonato-calix[4]arene have an inhibitory effect on these toxins and may offer a potential to be used as auxiliary to antibiotherapy
GIANSANTE, GIORGIA. „The paroxysmal disorder gene PRRT2 downregulates NaV channels and neuronal excitability in human neurons“. Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Genova, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11567/929007.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBadja, Cherif. „Optimisation de la différenciation neuronale et musculaire de cellules pluripotentes induites humaines pour la modélisation des maladies rares : exemple du syndrome de DiGeorge“. Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AIXM5027/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe DiGeorge syndrome also known as 22q11.2 microdeletion syndrome, is the most common deletion in humans. This deletion is linked to a non-allelic homologous recombination that occurs during meiosis and involves sequences called LCRs for "Low Copy Repeats". Depending on the LCRs involved, different deletions are observed, inducing the loss of approximately 40 genes. The absence of genotype/phenotype correlation in patients and the phenotypical differences regardless of the size of the microdeletion suggests the involvement of additional parameter. The hypothesis of epigenetic changes associated with the onset or variability of symptoms has been suggested but never investigated. In order to tackle this question, we decided to focus our attention of the role of the HIRA histone chaperone encoded by a gene located in the 22q11.2-deleted region. HIRA is involved in the deposition of the H3.3 histone variant, one of the main histone in the brain. In order to determine whether HIRA is implicated in the neurological manifestations in DiGeorge patients and particularly in schizophrenia, we developed and optimized a new protocol for the direct differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSCs) into neural progenitors, cortical and dopaminergic neurons. In parallel, we developed a new protocol for hiPSCs differentiation toward the skeletal muscle lineage and the production of multinucleated muscle fibers. Altogether, these results open new perspectives for the modeling of a large number of pathologies, and in the context of our laboratory, the exploration of epigenetic mechanisms associated with phenotypic variability in different genetic diseases
Luz, Liliana Alexandra Laracho da Silva. „NOCICEPTIVE PROCESSING ON PROJECTION AND NON-PROJECTION LAMINA I NEURONS“. Doctoral thesis, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10216/57128.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLuz, Liliana Alexandra Laracho da Silva. „NOCICEPTIVE PROCESSING ON PROJECTION AND NON-PROJECTION LAMINA I NEURONS“. Tese, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10216/57128.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleChu, William. „Apoptosis in human CNS neurons, effect on immediate early gene expression and key neuron-specific proteins“. Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape11/PQDD_0002/MQ44085.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleChu, William 1970. „Apoptosis in human CNS neurons: effect on immediate early gene expression and key neuron-specific proteins“. Thesis, McGill University, 1997. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=20228.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMarkov, Nikola. „Exploration of the inter-areal cortico-cortical network of the macaque monkey“. Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00863803.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleCicchetti, Francesca. „Les neurones calrétinine dans le striatum humain normal et pathologique“. Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/NQ36249.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleFreitas, Roziliane Oesterreich de. „Por que meu vô chorava: a clínica da depressão“. Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2018. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/21069.
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Why my grandfather cried: the depression clinic - was built from clinical experience with diagnosed depressed patients using psychiatric medication. It is not, as the title might suggest, a response to my grandfather's experience of depression; but rather as an inspiration for the study of the clinic of depression to take its own shape. Thinking of depression in the light of Psychoanalysis, considering its genesis, the sense of symptoms, the differential clinic in relation to other neuroses and pathologies, required bringing together authors of relevant studies in the field of Psychoanalysis, especially the study published by Maria Rita Kehl, for translating what I was undertaking in listening to the depressions of patients referred by psychiatrist (colleagues) friends. To preserve the progress of patient analyzes, I have used literary references as approximate examples of the types of depression that depress neurotics. We know that not only do neurotics suffer from depression; in this study, however, experience and theoretical and literary references point to three types of depression: depression in hysterical neurosis, obsessional neurosis, and the type that contains a rarity of understanding, that of neurotic depression. It is in the dimension of its psychic structure that the listening of the suffering of the depressive affects in the scope of the clinical treatment. Finally, the difficult question of the clinical conduct of depression, especially of severe cases, accompanied by psychiatric medication
A tese intitulada Por que meu vô chorava: a clínica da depressão foi construída a partir da experiência clínica com pacientes diagnosticados depressivos que fazem uso de medicação com acompanhamento psiquiátrico. Não se trata, como poderia o título sugerir, de uma resposta à experiência de depressão do meu avô; e sim de uma inspiração para que o estudo sobre a clínica da depressão adquirisse contornos próprios. Pensar a depressão à luz da Psicanálise, levando em conta a sua gênese, o sentido dos sintomas, a clínica diferencial em relação às demais neuroses e patologias, exigiu reunir autores de relevantes estudos no campo da Psicanálise, especialmente o estudo publicado por Maria Rita Kehl O tempo e o cão: a atualidade das depressões, por traduzir o que eu estava a empreender na escuta das depressões dos pacientes encaminhados por amigos psiquiatras. Para preservar o andamento das análises dos pacientes, vali-me de referências literárias, como exemplos aproximados aos tipos de depressão que abatem os neuróticos. Sabemos que não somente os neuróticos sofrem de depressão; neste estudo, porém, a experiência e as referências teóricas e literárias apontam para três tipos de depressão: a depressão na neurose histérica, na neurose obsessiva e no tipo que contém uma raridade de entendimento, o da depressão neurótica. É na dimensão de sua estrutura psíquica que a escuta do sofrimento do depressivo incide no âmbito do tratamento clínico. Por fim, a difícil questão da condução clínica da depressão, especialmente dos casos graves, acompanhados de medicação psiquiátrica
Machado, Ana Enésia Sampaio. „O papel de Deus na cura segundo Viktor Emil Frankl“. Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2010. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/2139.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleCoordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
This paper addresses the relationship between God and the cure of meaningless neuroses. From the works of Viktor Frankl, the Viennese psychiatrist and psychologist, this paper describes what are these neuroses, called noogenics, neuroses that have their origin in the dimension of the human existence. The concept of noogenic neurosis goes beyond a psychophysical condition, therefore, to the author, the human being is essentially spiritual. This spiritual core, around which are grouped the psychic and physical, is responsible for the moral conscience, love and art. As the modern man deviates himself away from his religion, he has increased the existential emptiness, because he can not find a reason for his actions, which can lead to a lack of meaning, characteristic of noogenic neurosis. Thus, the man would get ill in his spirituality. For this type of illness, Frankl has created the Logotherapy. A specific type of such spiritual disease is the mass neurosis, which is the highlight of this research. For the author, God, who is the ultimate meaning of human existence, dialogues with the man when he talks to his own moral conscience, which is transcendent. Using the concepts of God and man given by the author, this research addresses the relationship between human being and the transcendence and how it would, through this relationship, and a subsequent meeting with the meaning, the cure of the mentioned neuroses
Este trabalho aborda a relação entre Deus e cura das neuroses da falta de sentido. A partir das obras de Viktor Frankl, psiquiatra e psicólogo vienense, descreve quais seriam essas neuroses, denominadas noogênicas, neuroses que têm sua origem na dimensão da existência humana. O conceito de neurose noogênica vai além de uma patologia psicofísica, pois, para o autor, o homem é essencialmente espiritual. Esse núcleo espiritual, em torno do qual se agrupam o psíquico e o físico, é o responsável pela consciência moral, pelo amor e pela arte. O homem moderno, ao se afastar de sua religiosidade aumentou o vazio existencial, pois não encontra o porquê de suas ações, o que pode gerar uma ausência de sentido, característica da neurose noogênica. Assim, o homem adoeceria em sua espiritualidade. Para esse tipo de adoecimento, Frankl criou a Logoterapia. Um tipo específico de tal doença espiritual é a neurose de massa, que tem um destaque nesta pesquisa. Para o autor, Deus, que é o sentido último da existência humana, dialoga com o homem quando este conversa com sua própria consciência moral, que é transcendente. Utilizando os conceitos de Deus e de homem dados pelo autor, esta pesquisa aborda a relação entre o ser humano e a transcendência e como se daria, através dessa relação, e de um conseqüente encontro de sentido, a cura das neuroses citadas
Saphier, D. J. „Electrophysiology and endocrine function of rat tuberoinfundibular neurones“. Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.373694.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDimidschstein, Jordane. „Ephrin-B1 controls the spatial distribution of cortical pyramidal neurons by restricting their tangential migration“. Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209658.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDoctorat en Sciences biomédicales et pharmaceutiques
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Fedorow, Heidi School of Medical Science UNSW. „Neuromelanin in human dopamine neurons“. Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of Medical Science, 2005. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/32717.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleCot, Christine. „Utilisation de cellules nerveuses foetales murines et humaines dans une perspective de thérapie génique“. Montpellier 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998MON20112.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLE, GALLOUDEC ERIC. „Les neurones catecholaminergiques bulbaires au cours du developpement humain : etude immunohistochimique“. Reims, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992REIMM009.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAdam, Chloé. „Pattern Recognition in the Usage Sequences of Medical Apps“. Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLC027/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleRadiologists use medical imaging solutions on a daily basis for diagnosis. Improving user experience is a major line of the continuous effort to enhance the global quality and usability of software products. Monitoring applications enable to record the evolution of various software and system parameters during their use and in particular the successive actions performed by the users in the software interface. These interactions may be represented as sequences of actions. Based on this data, this work deals with two industrial topics: software crashes and software usability. Both topics imply on one hand understanding the patterns of use, and on the other developing prediction tools either to anticipate crashes or to dynamically adapt software interface according to users' needs. First, we aim at identifying crash root causes. It is essential in order to fix the original defects. For this purpose, we propose to use a binomial test to determine which type of patterns is the most appropriate to represent crash signatures. The improvement of software usability through customization and adaptation of systems to each user's specific needs requires a very good knowledge of how users use the software. In order to highlight the trends of use, we propose to group similar sessions into clusters. We compare 3 session representations as inputs of different clustering algorithms. The second contribution of our thesis concerns the dynamical monitoring of software use. We propose two methods -- based on different representations of input actions -- to address two distinct industrial issues: next action prediction and software crash risk detection. Both methodologies take advantage of the recurrent structure of LSTM neural networks to capture dependencies among our sequential data as well as their capacity to potentially handle different types of input representations for the same data
Johnson, Richard James Ramsay. „Plasticity in adult automatic neurons“. Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.299940.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLotstra, Françoise. „Les neurones peptidergiques de l'hippocampe humain au cours de la croissance et du vieillissement“. Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/213400.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleWaddell, P. J. „Properties of rat primary sensory neurones of known conduction velocity“. Thesis, University of Bristol, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.373856.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleRobert, Isabelle. „Le gène humain de la Choline Acétyltransférase (ChATh) : différents mécanismes de régulation et de transcription dans des cellules neuronales et non neuronales. Etude de l'expression de ChATh dans des cellules ES génétiquement modifiées et différenciées en neurones“. Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001STR13137.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleHope, Philippa J. „Antinociceptive actions of descending catecholaminergic tracts on dorsal horn somatosensory neurones“. Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/29803.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMcCormack, Alison. „The non-human primate as a model of human parkinsonism /“. Stockholm, 2006. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2006/91-7140-624-7/.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLautrette, Christophe. „Etude du récepteur pro-apoptotique Fas dans des cellules neuronales et lymphocytaires T humaines“. Limoges, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003LIMO0008.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis study is about the pro-apoptic Fas receptor in immune and central nervous systems. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disease with selective motor neuron death. About 26% of sera from ALS patients have elevated autoantibodies against the Fas protein with induced apoptosis by the Fas pathway in a human neuroblastic cell line and in rat motoneurons. Fas expression was detected in vivo and ex vivo in rat and human motoneurons. Cells from the neuroblastic cell line SH-SY5Y appeared heterogeneous. Cell separation by SdFFF based on size and density allowed us to obtain three populations with different differentiation stage. We have detected in the human T cell line Jurkat an extracellular phosphorylation of Fas 116 kDa aggregate by ectokinase C which inhibited Fas clustering at the cell membrane and apoptosis, suggesting a new extra-cellular regulation mechanism for the Fas pathway
Spinoglio, Francesco. „Las pirámides etnolingüísticas. Estudio contrastivo entre el español y el italiano basado en corpus“. Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/459071.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn this thesis, that explores the contrast between languages with the approach to the neuroscience, we realize a contrastive study in the field of the ethnolinguistics between Spanish and Italian, offering a visualization of data that we have named "ethnolinguistic pyramids". In order to carry out this study, three specific cultural spheres (religion, football and bulls) have been chosen and three basic hypotheses have been formulated: firstly, there are expressions where one can appreciate the influence of culture in the language; secondly, that it is possible to use corpora to show that the ethnolinguistic affinity between two similar languages, such as Spanish and Italian, is only partial, and, finally, with non-shared cultural spheres, as is the case of bulls in Spanish and Italian, the display of expressions presents significant differences. Instead of looking directly for expressions in specialized dictionaries, we have chosen to follow the inductive Data-driven method by a drawing conclusions and demonstrating the initial hypotheses from data analysis, the backbone of all research. To this end, a mixed methodology based on triangulation of data has been used, consisting of three steps: brainstorming to obtain the highest number of words, corpora search to go from occurrences to expressions and visualization of data in the pyramids to sort and analyze the selected expressions. With this methodology, we aim to find the greatest number of expressions related to the cultural sphere in question (objective A), to order and visualize the data obtained within a pyramid to perform a contrastive analysis between Spanish and Italian (objective B) and, finally, to show that culture influences each language differently, even between related cultural spheres, since it reflects the creativity of the speakers and the imitation processes of the human being thanks to the mirror neurons and also the historicity (objective C). Finally, the "ethnolinguistic pyramids" are intended to reflect aspects of the collective worldview in Spanish and Italian, identifiable from a data visualization that can help to better understand "the other peoples", facilitating cultural immersion and L2 learning.
Welchman, Andrew Edward. „Human visual representation and filling-in“. Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.327185.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleCarboni, Lucrezia. „Graphes pour l’exploration des réseaux de neurones artificiels et de la connectivité cérébrale humaine“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Grenoble Alpes, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023GRALM060.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe main objective of this thesis is to explore brain and artificial neural network connectivity from agraph-based perspective. While structural and functional connectivity analysis has been extensivelystudied in the context of the human brain, there is a lack of a similar analysis framework in artificialsystems.To address this gap, this research focuses on two main axes.In the first axis, the main objective is to determine a healthy signature characterization of the humanbrain resting state functional connectivity. To achieve this objective, a novel framework is proposed,integrating traditional graph statistics and network reduction tools, to determine healthy connectivitypatterns. Hence, we build a graph pair-wise comparison and a classifier to identify pathological statesand rank associated perturbed brain regions. Additionally, the generalization and robustness of theproposed framework were investigated across multiple datasets and variations in data quality.The second research axis explores the benefits of brain-inspired connectivity exploration of artificialneural networks (ANNs) in the future perspective of more robust artificial systems development. Amajor robustness issue in ANN models is represented by catastrophic forgetting when the networkdramatically forgets previously learned tasks when adapting to new ones. Our work demonstrates thatgraph modeling offers a simple and elegant framework for investigating ANNs, comparing differentlearning strategies, and detecting deleterious behaviors such as catastrophic forgetting.Moreover, we explore the potential of leveraging graph-based insights to effectively mitigatecatastrophic forgetting, laying a foundation for future research and explorations in this area
Brindel, Isabelle. „Caractérisation d'IgM monoclonales humaines à activité autoanticorps dirigée contre des constituants du système nerveux“. Poitiers, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995POIT2342.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAguiar, Marina Bilig de. „O conceito de angústia na teoria freudiana: desenvolvimento e problematização“. Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, 2016. https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/1366.
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Este trabalho tem por objetivo analisar o conceito freudiano de angústia e discutir em que medida as hipóteses sobre a angústia apresentadas a partir de 1926 representam uma novidade na teoria. A hipótese mais difundida entre os intérpretes de Freud é a de que ele formulou duas teorias sobre a angústia. Na primeira, esta é concebida como transformação da energia sexual que não pôde ser adequadamente descarregada. Na segunda, ganha ênfase a ideia da angústia como reação a um perigo. Entretanto, há autores que defendem três momentos relativos a essa teoria. Nesse sentido, seria possível observar, já nas primeiras formulações de Freud, a ideia de um sinal, que atua para impedir um desprazer ainda maior, no aparelho psíquico. Este sinal resultaria da ativação de um traço mnêmico, que se constituiria diante de uma experiência dolorosa de origem externa. Encontramos, assim, na etapa inicial da teoria freudiana, a ideia de um afeto compreendido como reação a um perigo externo. Contudo, estas reflexões são apresentadas mais clara e profundamente ao fim de sua obra, em Inibição, Sintomas e Angústia (1926).
This work has the purpose to analyze the Freudian concept of anxiety and discuss in what extent the hypothesis on anxiety provided from 1926 represent a novelty in the theory. The most widespread hypothesis among Freud`s interpreters is that he had formulated two theories about anxiety. At the first one, the anxiety is conceived like a sexual energy transformation that could not be adequately discharged. At the second, it is emphasized the idea of anxiety as a reaction to danger. However, there are authors who defend three moments in the anxiety theory. Therefore, it is possible to observe within the early Freudian formulations the idea of a signal that acts to prevent an even greater displeasure in the psychic apparatus. This signal would result from the activation of a mnemonic trace, which would be due to a painful experience of external origin. Thereby, it can be found at the initial stage of the Freudian theory the idea of an affect understood as a reaction to an external danger. Nevertheless, these considerations are presented more clearly and profoundly at the end of his work, at Inhibition, Symptom and Anxiety (1926).
Mahaut-Smith, M. P. „Voltage-activated hydrogen ion currents in neurones of the garden snail, Helix aspersa“. Thesis, University of Bristol, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.375403.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleO'Neill, J. „The translational studies of pain : from spinal neurones to human perception“. Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2015. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1462470/.
Der volle Inhalt der QuellePöltl, Dominik [Verfasser]. „Degeneration mechanisms in human dopaminergic neurons / Dominik Pöltl“. Konstanz : Bibliothek der Universität Konstanz, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1025226135/34.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleZhang, Zhicheng. „Fiabilité humaine : prédiction des violations par réseaux de neurones et application aux systèmes de transport“. Valenciennes, 2004. http://ged.univ-valenciennes.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/746fe5df-00d2-4602-9183-b61fe5b941b1.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis thesis contributes to the analysis and the prediction by the neuron networks, taking into account uncertainty, of the deviated intentional behaviours of human operators in the Human-machine systems. This type of behaviours is a particular violation called Barrier Removal (BR). The objective of our work is to propose a predictive approach of the BR by considering a multi-reference, multi-factor and multi-criteria based evaluation. A series of models of prediction of BR, USOM, SSOM and HSOM are defined in order to anticipate or to predict with the retained criteria a removal of a given barrier on the given system by considering, on the one hand a network by criterion of performance, and on the other hand, a network taking into account several criteria. Uncertainty on subjective human judgements is integrated in the prediction of BR. Since BR can be erroneous, a model of Correct Barrier Removal and of Erroneous Barrier Removal is then developed by integrating the subjective judgements and the objective data. We then validate the proposed methods and models by two applications, one of which is implemented within the framework of a European project UGTMS. Finally, we propose some research perspectives
SAGRATI, ANDREA. „Neuronal nitric oxide synthase positive cells in the human corpus callosum and indusium griseum“. Doctoral thesis, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11566/291083.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe aim of the present study is to investigate the possible mechanism for the control of cerebral blood flow in the corpus callosum (CC), that could explain the BOLD effect previously found (Fabri et al., 2011). The presence, number, distribution and morphology of neuronal Nitric Oxyde Sinthase (nNOS) positive cells was investigated in the corpus callosum (CC) and indusium griseum (IG). Nitric Oxyde (NO) is a gaseous neurotransmitter largely diffused in the brain, whichexerts a powerful vasodilatory effect, and therefore it can contribute to regulate the cerebral blood flow. Sagittal serial sections from paraffin or frozen autoptic specimens of human adult CC and overlying IG were processed for immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence analysis, using an antibody against the neuronal form of the enzyme Nitric Oxyde Synthase (nNOS). The stainings revealed the presence of many nNOS immunopositive cells. By double labeling technique with immunofluorescence at confocal microscopy, it has been shown that in the CC both neurons and astrocytes positive to nNOS antibody were present, and their number varied in different conditions, as detailed below. In the IG, only neurons nNOS positive were found. Neurons showed different morphologies, were more numerous 1 mm apart from the medial line in IG and 4 mm in CC, with a peak over the body of the CC. In some cases, they were located at the boundary between IG and CC, more densely packed in proximity to the pial arteries penetrating into the CC. The significant presence of nNOS immunopositive neurons in these two structures suggests that they might have a role in the neurovascular regulation of CC, moreover the IG could plays a functional role in the adult brain. The presence of nNOS positive astrocytes in the human CC has been here demostrated for the first time. As previously mentioned, their number and distribution varied in different conditions: nNOS positive astrocytes were absent in samples from subjects deceased after a short hypoxia; their number and labeling intensity increased with the hypoxia prolongation. Neuronal NOS immunopositivity of CC astrocytes seems thus related to the hypoxia duration and the consequent brain damage.
Wang, Hui. „Structural and functional studies of the neuronal growth inhibitory factor, human metallothionein-3“. Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2008. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/HKUTO/record/B39559014.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBhardwaj, Ratan D. „Cytoarcheology: understanding cellular turnover in the human brain and heart /“. Stockholm, 2007. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2007/978-91-7357-130-2/.
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