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1
Przyjemski, Katrina. „Natural language variables : variable-based semantic theories of pronouns and proper names“. Thesis, University of Oxford, 2012. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:2ec9cd7c-5fe3-4dd5-ae3b-e94e317246c1.
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Semanticists, philosophers and logicians have standardly analyzed a range of natural language expressions on the model of the variables of formal languages. This dissertation explores variable- based semantic theories of pronounsand proper names. The first two chapters argue that a variable-based, presuppositional semantics for pronouns proposed by Cooper (1979, 1983) resolves an apparent trilemma arising from the conjunction of three plausible commitments concerning the semantics of pronouns: that some anaphoric pronouns with quantifier antecedents are bound variables, that referential pronouns have context-independent meanings, and that the relation between bound and referential pronouns is not ambiguity or homonymy. The first chapter argues that Cooper’s semantics is descriptively and empirically superior to alternative theories, including Kaplan’s account, which does not resolve the trilemma. The second addresses an important objection to the view that bound and referential pronouns make the same semantic contribution, involving cases where bound pronouns do not appear to trigger semantic presuppositions. I argue that this appearance is misleading: bound pronouns do trigger semantic presuppositions and have the same (Cooper-style) denotations as referential pronouns. The third chapter addresses the phenomenon of non c-command or ‘donkey’ anaphora. These anaphors appear to require a departure from Cooper’s semantics and, more generally, from the view that anaphoric pronouns correspond to (classical) bound variables. I consider D-type accounts of donkey anaphora and argue that these accounts must be revised in ways that bring the denotations of donkey anaphors closer to those of ordinary bound and referential pronouns. The last chapter asks whether proper names require a variable-based semantics. I consider a pair of recent anaphoric theories of proper names, according to which proper names have anaphoric uses and are thus better modeled as variables. I argue that there are important reasons to reject a variable-based model for proper names, in contrast with pronouns.
2
陳啓恩 und Kai-yan Chan. „A critique of Kripke's theories of proper names and names of natural kinds: an application of the laterWittgenstein's methodology“. Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1997. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31236546.
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3
Chan, Kai-yan. „A critique of Kripke's theories of proper names and names of natural kinds : an application of the later Wittgenstein's methodology /“. Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1997. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B19019385.
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4
Clémencon, Éric. „La référence dans le langage des sciences de la nature“. Thesis, Aix-Marseille 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AIX10117/document.
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La question à laquelle nous essayons de répondre est : comment les sciences réfèrent à des entités posées comme "réelles", extralinguistiques? Le problème est divisé en deux problématiques : par quels outils linguistiques les sciences assurent-elles la relation référentielle ? A quelles sortes d'entités (individus, classes, classes de classes) les sciences réfèrent-elles ? L'enquête prend la forme d'une analyse linguistique du langage des sciences de la nature. Nous commençons par étudier la structure des classifications. En effet, les lexiques scientifiques sont impliqués dans des systèmes formels, dont nous cherchons à montrer qu'ils sont justiciables de la théorie des types russellienne. Les 2nde et 3ème parties examinent ces lexiques normalisés et codifiés que sont les nomenclatures des sciences naturelles. Nous retraçons d'abord l'origine des nomenclatures biologique et chimique de Linné à Lavoisier. Nous exposons ensuite les débats nomenclaturaux et taxinomiques de la biologie systématique qui se sont déroulés au cours de la 2nde moitié du 20ème siècle. Cette présentation est centrée sur le "type nomenclatural" ou "type porte-nom" qui apparaît comme l'outil méthodologique par excellence par lequel la biologie assure la fonction référentielle des noms des espèces. Nous confrontons enfin le type nomenclatural au "stéréotype" de Putnam et cherchons à déterminer dans quelle mesure la théorie de la référence causale est utile pour clarifier la référence dans les sciences de la natureWe try to answer the question: How do sciences refer to entities that are deemed "real", extralinguistic? The problem is two-fold: (i) What linguistic tools do sciences use in order to establish and ensure the relation of reference? (ii) What kinds of entities (individuals, classes ans classes of classes) do sciences refer to? Our enquiry takes the form of a linguistic analysis of the language of the natural sciences.The first step consists of a study of the structure of classifications. Actually, the scientific lexicons of entities have a distinctive feature: they are involved in formal systems, that is say, in nomenclatures. We purport to establish that Russell's theory of types provides a sound account of such systems. The 2nd and 3rd parts examine those standarized and codified vocabularies found in sciences. We first relate the origin of biological and chemical nomenclatures from Linnaeus to Lavoisier. We then present the nomenclatural and taxonomic debates conducted in the 2nd half of 20th century in systematic biology. This presentation focuses on the "nomenclatural type" or "name-bearer" as the major methodological tool by which biology fixes the reference of species's names. We conclude by comparing the nomenclatural type with the "stereotype" elaboratd by Putnam in the context of the causal theory of reference, and we try to determinate if and to what extend this theory can be useful in order to throw light on reference in the language of the natural sciences
5
Lambert, Aaron. „Proper names“. Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp04/mq20660.pdf.
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Pollock, William J. „The epistemology of necessity“. Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/4053.
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The thesis examines the direct reference theory of proper names and natural kind terms as expounded by Saul Kripke, Hilary Putnam and others and finds that it has not succeeded in replacing some kind of description theory of the reference of such terms - although it does concede that the traditional Fregean theory is not quite correct. It is argued that the direct reference theory is mistaken on several counts. First of all it is question-begging. Secondly, it is guilty of a 'use/mention' confusion. And thirdly, and most importantly, it fails to deal with the notion of understanding. The notion of understanding is crucial to the present thesis - specifically, what is understood by a proper name or natural kind term. It is concluded that sense (expressed in the form of descriptions) is at least necessary for reference, which makes a significant difference to Kripke's claim that there are necessary a posteriori truths as well as contingent a priori truths. It is also argued that sense could be sufficient for reference, if it is accepted that it is speakers who effect reference. In this sense, sense determines reference. The thesis therefore not only argues against the account of reference given by the direct reference theorists, it also gives an account of how proper names and natural kind terms actually do function in natural language. As far as the epistemology of necessity is concerned the thesis concludes that Kripke (along with many others) has not succeeded in establishing the existence of the necessary a posteriori nor the contingent a priori from the theory of direct reference. Whether such truths can be established by some other means, or in principle, is not the concern of the thesis; although the point is made that, if a certain view of sense is accepted, then questions of necessity and a priority seem inappropriate.
7
Hollis, Jarrod. „Cognitive processing of proper names“. Thesis, Goldsmiths College (University of London), 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.396025.
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8
Boeckx, Dirk Anton. „Aspects of proper names and content“. Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.322035.
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9
BARROSO, CICERO ANTONIO CAVALCANTE. „AN INTERNALIST ANALISYS OF PROPER NAMES“. PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2010. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=15774@1.
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COORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DO PESSOAL DE ENSINO SUPERIOREste trabalho tem o objetivo de mostrar que a função básica dos nomes próprios é a função de código e não a função referencial. Embora a função referencial seja uma das funções mais importantes dos nomes próprios, ela é dependente da função de código, ou seja, um nome próprio só pode ser um designador porque em primeiro lugar é um código. Como um código se distingue pelo fato de fornecer informação para um sistema de decodificação, nomes próprios também devem ser considerados informativos. Eles fornecem informação para nossos sistemas mentais de processamento de linguagem. Vê-se assim que a função de código dos nomes próprios só pode ser explicada dentro de uma perspectiva internalista, ou seja, dentro de uma perspectiva que leve em conta os fatores mentais envolvidos no uso de nomes próprios. A análise de nomes próprios feita neste trabalho esclarece quais são esses fatores e é isso que a torna internalista. Tal análise também dá suporte a um certo tipo de descritivismo, segundo o qual o conteúdo descritivo de um nome próprio é o conjunto de informações associadas ao nome quando ele é usado em dada ocasião.
The purpose of this monograph is to show that the basic function of proper names is a coding function and not a referential function. Although the referential function is one of the most important functions of proper names, it is dependent on the coding function, i.e., a proper name can only be a designator because it is a code in the first place. Since a code is distinguished by the fact that it provides information to a decodification system, proper names must be considered informative too. They provide information to our language processing mental systems. So it is possible to see that the coding function of proper names can only be explained from an internalist perspective, that is to say, from a perspective that takes into account the mental factors involved in the use of proper names. The analysis of proper names in this work makes clear what these factors are, and it is this that makes it an internalist analysis. This analysis also supports a certain kind of descriptivism, according to which the descriptive content of a proper name is the information set associated to the name when it is used on a given occasion.
10
Wyatt, Nicole M. „The meaning and use of proper names“. Thesis, University of Canterbury. Philosophy, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/4638.
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The contemporary accounts of the semantic content of proper names fall into two broad categories - Millian views which maintain that the semantic content of a proper name is always its referent, and neo-Fregean views that maintain that in propositional attitude contexts the referent of a name is a sense or mode of presentation of its usual referent. I argue that neither of these two general pictures is correct and that proper names and other singular terms cannot be assigned a uniform semantic content. That is, proper names do not make exactly the same semantic contribution whenever they occur, and the contributions they do make cannot be captured by a general (and not merely disjunctive) function from context to content.
I argue that the semantic contribution of proper names is highly context sensitive and that none of the contemporary accounts of proper names account for all their uses. I discuss a number of puzzling simple sentences due to Jennifer Saul and argue against the view our intuitions about the puzzle sentences can be explained in terms of the pragmatic implicatures of the utterances. Furthermore, careful attention to the puzzles shows in some cases the content contributed by the proper name cannot be specified by independent means The propositions expressed by means of such uses of names are such that the circumstances in which they are true do not have anything in common other than the fact that they are circumstances in which those propositions are true. These circumstances are instead tied together by overlapping relations of similarity. I suggest that the actual linguistic function of proper names is to make the practice of using a name salient, and that this practice then serves as input for a pragmatic process which takes account of extra-linguistic knowledge and other features of the context.
11
Sorrentino, Christina M. 1967. „Individuation, identity and proper names in cognitive development“. Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/9674.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, 1999.Includes bibliographical references (p. 193-199).
The ability to individuate entities (i.e. conceptualize one entity as distinct from two) and trace their identity (i.e. judge that an entity is the same one as an entity encountered before) is a fundamental component of the human mind and is critical to proper name reference (i.e. a proper name, like lvfax, refers to a unique individual, namely Max). Philosophers have proposed that sortals-concepts which refer to kinds of individuals-support these abilities (Gupta, 1980; Hirsch, 1982; Macnamara, 1986; Wiggins, 1967, 1980). However, while adults may well have sortal concepts and learn proper names for individuals, it is an open question whether children do so also. Proponents of the Continuity hypothesis (e.g. Macnamara, 1982; Pinker, 1984) argue that children and adults have fundamentally the same conceptual resources, whereas proponents of the Discontinuity hypothesis (e.g. Piaget, 1954; Quine, 1960, 1969) argue that child.en and adults have qualitatively different conceptual systems. In this thesis, evidence is reviewed that very young infants have at least one sortal, physical object, which suggests that infants have the conceptual structure needed to support representations of kinds and individuals. Experiments probing infant understanding of the concept, person, suggest that infants have the ability to reason about the action and appearance of others, but data presented in the thesis falls short of providing conclusive evidence that infants under a year are able to individuate people. Evidence is presented that by age three, children represent unique individuals and interpret proper names in an adult like manner as referring to unique individuals. This rules out a discontinuity alternative, namely that preschoolers represent proper names as referring to highly similar objects or to restricted subkinds. Evidence is also presented that children as young as two years are like adults in being willing to accept a range of individuals as nameable if given information which highlights the named objects' importance, such as the attribution of mental states to the object. Together these findings provide support for the continuity hypothesis and suggest a number of avenues of research into children's understanding of kinds, individuals, and their names.
by Christina M. Sorrentino.
Ph.D.
12
Blanár, Vincent. „Proper names in the light of theoretical onomastics“. Namenkundliche Informationen; 95/96(2009), S. 89-157, 2009. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A12528.
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A proper name is a vocabulary element of a particular language which also belongs to a respective onymic subsystem, thereby acquiring a binary character. Proper names are formed (as a secondary plan of a language) with the background of appellative vocabulary. However, in their formation and use in communication, not only are the rules of the appellative language code applied but also the rules specific to proper names. Two opposing but interrelated tendencies are typical of the position of proper names – a continuous interaction of proper names with other vocabulary and the whole language system and, simultaneously, a continuous polarisation of the category of proper names in relation to appellatives. The interaction of proper names with other vocabulary relates to the ongoing processes of onymisation (appellative % proprium) and apellativisation (proprium % appellative) with the openness of onymy (the social, historical, cultural as well as the political dimensions of proper names present a wide range of possibilities for, e. g. the adoption of exonyms) but, above all, it relates to the social needs of ordinary communication. The polarisation of proper names in relation to appellatives is, hence, conditioned by the special character of onymic nomination. From this binary interrelationship of proper names follows the binary status of the category nomen proprium, i. e. linguistic status and onomastic status. In the analysis of proper names and from the methodological standpoint in onomastics, I consider this to be fundamental. That is why, after the older characterisation of onomastics, I have extended the definition of the linguistic status of proper names as defined by Kuryłowicz (La position linguistique du nom propre, 1956) to linguistic and onomastic status (Blanár 1976, 1977 ). These terms will be discussed later.
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Cuéllar, Lázaro Carmen. „Proper Names in Audiovisual Translation. Dubbing vs Subtitling“. Gesellschaft für Namenkunde e.V, 2016. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A16264.
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This study combines two aspects of particular interest in the field of translation: the study of proper names, which, having a particular idiosyncrasy, make for especially interesting analysis in an interlinguistic context, and audiovisual translation, which, on account of the inherent restrictions governing a text of this nature, has particular characteristics. The precise aim of this study will be to analyse how proper names are dealt with in the two most established forms of audiovisual translation – dubbing and subtitling – using the German film Berlin is in Germany as an object of study. The Spanish dubbed and subtitled
versions of the original German text will be analysed to determine the extent to which these two techniques may influence the final result, given the specific limitations of each form.
14
Blanár, Vincent. „Proper names in the light of theoretical onomastics“. Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2014. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-145141.
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A proper name is a vocabulary element of a particular language which also belongs to a respective onymic subsystem, thereby acquiring a binary character. Proper names are formed (as a secondary plan of a language) with the background of appellative vocabulary. However, in their formation and use in communication, not only are the rules of the appellative language code applied but also the rules specific to proper names. Two opposing but interrelated tendencies are typical of the position of proper names – a continuous interaction of proper names with other vocabulary and the whole language system and, simultaneously, a continuous polarisation of the category of proper names in relation to appellatives. The interaction of proper names with other vocabulary relates to the ongoing processes of onymisation (appellative % proprium) and apellativisation (proprium % appellative) with the openness of onymy (the social, historical, cultural as well as the political dimensions of proper names present a wide range of possibilities for, e. g. the adoption of exonyms) but, above all, it relates to the social needs of ordinary communication. The polarisation of proper names in relation to appellatives is, hence, conditioned by the special character of onymic nomination. From this binary interrelationship of proper names follows the binary status of the category nomen proprium, i. e. linguistic status and onomastic status. In the analysis of proper names and from the methodological standpoint in onomastics, I consider this to be fundamental. That is why, after the older characterisation of onomastics, I have extended the definition of the linguistic status of proper names as defined by Kuryłowicz (La position linguistique du nom propre, 1956) to linguistic and onomastic status (Blanár 1976, 1977 ). These terms will be discussed later.
15
Guo, Runli. „Proper name knowledge acquisition for text understanding“. Thesis, University of Surrey, 2002. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/800039/.
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Muchiki, Yoshiyuki. „Egyptian proper names and loanwords in North-West Semitic“. Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.255219.
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Wilson, Nicholas Jack Boyd. „The actualised metalinguistic indefinite description theory of proper names“. Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.398943.
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Tiedke, Heidi. „It's just semantics what fiction reveals about proper names /“. College Park, Md.: University of Maryland, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/8083.
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Thesis (Ph. D.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2008.Thesis research directed by: Dept. of Philosophy. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
19
Suchato, Atiwong 1976. „Framework for joint recognition of pronounced and spelled proper names“. Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/86630.
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Назаренко, Олена В`ячеславівна, Елена Вячеславовна Назаренко, Olena Viacheslavivna Nazarenko, V. V. Vitchenko und M. Cvelich. „Communicative orientation of proper names in English fairy tale discourse“. Thesis, Sumy State University, 2016. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/47237.
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Fairy tale discourse is an active medium of implementation the
specific features of fabulousness category that is verbalized at different
levels of linguistic structure. Communication is transferring the content of thought through
language [1, 802]. Proper name is an obligatory element of fairy tale
discourse. The author not only nominates an object, but also gives
information about it, expresses feelings, gives a mark to his character,
shows his behavior and habits by using proper names.
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Berger, Barbara. „On the clinical and theoretical significance of repetitive signifiers as exemplified by proper names“. Click here for text online. The Institute of Clinical Social Work Dissertations website, 1992. http://www.icsw.edu/_dissertations/berger_1992.pdf.
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Dissertation (Ph.D.) -- The Institute for Clinical Social Work, 1992.A dissertation submitted to the faculty of the Institute of Clinical Social Work in partial fulfillment for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy.
22
Barney, Rachel. „Names and nature in Plato's "Cratylus" /“. New York : Routledge, 2001. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37713649g.
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Coates-Stephens, Sam. „The analysis and acquisition of proper names for robust text understanding“. Thesis, City University London, 1992. http://openaccess.city.ac.uk/8015/.
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In this thesis we consider the problems that Proper Names cause in the analysis of unedited, naturally-occurring text. Proper Names cause problems because of their high frequency in many types of text, their poor coverage in conventional dictionaries, their importance in the text understanding process, and the complexity of their structure and the structure of the text which describes them. For the most part these problems have been ignored in the field of Natural Language Processing, with the result that Proper Names are one of its most under-researched areas. As a solution to the problem, we present a detailed description of the syntax and semantics of seven major classes of Proper Name, and of their surrounding context. This description leads to the construction of syntactic and semantic rules specifically for the analysis of Proper Names, which capitalise on the wealth of descriptive material which often accompanies a Proper Name when it occurs in a text. Such an approach side-steps the problem of lexical coverage, by allowing a text processing system to use the very text it is analysing to construct lexical and knowledge base entries for unknown Proper Names as it encounters them. The information acquired on unknown Proper Names goes considerably beyond a simple syntactic and semantic classification, instead consisting of a detailed genus and differentia description. A complete solution to the 'Proper Name Problem' must include approaches to the handling of apposition, conjunction and ellipsis, abbreviated reference, and many of the far from standard phenomena encountered in naturally-occurring text. The thesis advances partial and practical solutions in all of these areas. In order to set the work described in a suitable context, the problems of Proper Names are viewed as a subset of the general problem of lexical inadequacy, as it arises in processing real, un-edited, text. The whole of this field is reviewed, and various methods of lexical acquisition compared and evaluated. Our approach to coping with lexical inadequacy and to handling Proper Names is implemented in a news text understanding system called FUNES, which is able to automatically acquire detailed genus and differentia information on Proper Names as it encounters them in its processing of news text. We present an assessment of the system's performance on a sample of unseen news text which is held to support the validity of our approach to handling Proper Names.
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Tse, Grace Yuen Wah. „A corpus-based study of proper names in present-day English“. Thesis, Lancaster University, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.403781.
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Klassen, Kimberly. „Investigating the lexical load of proper names for L2 English readers“. Thesis, Cardiff University, 2018. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/115343/.
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The central question addressed is whether proper names present a strain for second language (L2) readers. Answering this question helps to establish the soundness of a widely held assumption in L2 vocabulary research, that L2 readers can easily recognise and understand proper names from the form (capitalisation) and function (context) in a text. The investigation is motivated by classroom experience that contradicts this assumption, suggesting a need for reconsideration of how proper names are handled in L2 vocabulary research and language pedagogy. The assumption was approached from three angles using a series of experiments. First,interviews were conducted to investigate how L2 readers perceive proper names and what strategies they use. Another study investigated how L2 readers approach unfamiliar proper names while reading, and found some L2 readers treat proper names as vocabulary to check in a dictionary. The second direction investigated the effect of L2 proper names on higher-level comprehension processes. Two studies compared the effect of culturally familiar and unfamiliar proper names on comprehension, and found no effect for culturally familiar proper names on global comprehension. The third approach considered proper name processing in terms of lower-level reading skills (i.e. word recognition and sub-skills). A study was conducted to determine to what extent L2 readers can identify proper names in context and found that participants were not very successful at using context to identify proper names. Three main claims are based on these results. First, proper names can disrupt reading in that some L2 readers treat them as unknown vocabulary to look up. Second, proper names do not seem to impact global comprehension. Third, L2 readers are not very successful in correctly identifying proper names from context. Based on these results, L2 vocabulary researchers and teachers should consider the potential burden proper names can place on L2 readers.
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Twinamaani, Benjamin Bamwangiraki. „The hermeneutical aspects of biblical proper names and their impact on Bible translation for Africa“. Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1999. http://www.tren.com.
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Wångstedt, Emelie. „Translating Place Names : A study on English place names in Swedish texts“. Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för språk (SPR), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-77510.
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This study looks at English place names in Swedish texts with a focus on which translation strategies are more common today, whether there is a progress from a diachronic perspective from translation to transference, and whether the prominence of each place name affects the chosen translation strategy. The thesis includes a corpusbased study of 299 place names collected from four sources, which were researched in the online newspaper archive found on the website of the National Library of Sweden. A chapter from Rowan Moore’s book Slow Burn City was translated and its use of place names analysed in light of the corpus results. The results showed that transference is the most used strategy today while part-translations and additions are also frequently used. The prominence of a place has been shown to be a determining factor in the chosen translation strategy, with more well-known places being transferred in English than lesser known places. The results varied between the different categories of place names (institutions and facilities, objects and works of art and geographical places) regarding the most frequent strategies in the past with some categories showing a progress from translation to transference, others with even use of translation and transference in the past and finally two categories where English was more common in the past than today.
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Harris, Daryl Marc. „The mental representation of proper names : the evidence from selected disorders of proper name retrieval following acquired brain damage“. Thesis, University of Exeter, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.307279.
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Dal, Cero Luca. „Proper Names: a Verbal Dispute : An investigation of the concept of reference“. Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för idé- och samhällsstudier, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-93035.
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The present paper sets out to investigate whether the contrast between Description theories of reference and Direct Reference theories constitutes what Chalmers calls “a broad verbal dispute” on the concept of reference. I begin by describing Chalmers’ “method of elimination” concerning verbal disputes, according to which, in order to find out whether a dispute is verbal or whether it expresses a substantial disagreement on matters of fact, the key concept involved is barred and substituted by two new concepts defined according to the frameworks of the respective theories. I limit the domain of my enquiry to proper names. I outline the version of Descriptivism advanced by Searle and the version of Direct Reference pictured by Kripke. The definition found for the Descriptive framework consists in reference being the thing that best fits a set of descriptions commonly known and associated with a proper name. In turn, the definition found for the Direct Reference framework consists in reference being the thing once baptized with the proper name used. In order to concretely explicitate a substantial difference between the definitions of reference within the two framework, I use Dagfinn Føllesdal's general definition of reference, according to which reference is the thing that is talked about when a proper name is used. The Descriptive framework is consistent with Føllesdal's definition, while in Kripke's framework reference cannot be determined in terms of the thing that is talked about. I conclude that the role reference is asked to play differs distinctly within the two frameworks. As a last step, I investigate whether the concept of reference of the Description Theory and the concept of reference of the Direct Reference Theory are acceptable respectively for the theorist of the opposing field. Statements are constructed in which the two terms expressing reference according to each framework are used and on which both frameworks can agree concerning their truth value. The fact that the concept of reference in the two fields are substantially different and at the same time that they can be accepted by the opposing field points towards the conclusion that the dispute between the Descriptive theory and the Direct Reference theory can be understood, in Chalmers' terms, as broadly verbal.
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Kui, Yimin. „The reference and content of proper names a social and pragmatic approach /“. Connect to this title online, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1114894361.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2005.Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages; contains ix, 234 p. Includes bibliographical references (p. 228-234). Available online via OhioLINK's ETD Center.
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Walles, Johan. „Lost in Translation : A study on the two English translations of The Brothers Lionheart“. Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Estetisk-filosofiska fakulteten, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-3831.
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This study investigates the translation of cultural features in fiction. It is based on two translations into English of the Swedish book The Brothers Lionheart and its focus lies on proper names, place names, food, and dialect. Acomparison between the two translations is also made. The results showed that there were differences in the translation of proper names, place names, and food. While the overall differences for proper names, place names and food were small, there were big differences in the way some proper names and food were translated. However, these cases were very few, and on the whole, the translations resemble each other in most areas. As regards the translation of dialect, this was completely omitted in both translations.
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Chatzidimitriou, Romanos. „Frank O'Hara: A Story in Names“. Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-21424.
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This paper is an analysis of two poems by the American New York School poet Frank O’Hara. The two poems analysed here are “The Day Lady Died” and “Adieu to Norman, Bon Jour to Joan and Jean-Paul.” Both poems have O’Hara’s distinctive ‘I do this, I do that’ style which is characterised by a conversational tone and a narrative of everyday events in New York City. O’Hara’s poetry has long been criticized by the literary community for being targeted to a coterie circle, specifically to his friends and artists in the New York School in the 1950s and early 1960s. Because these criticisms partly derive from the considerable amount of proper names O’Hara includes in many of his poems, the following analysis will be based on the proper names included in the poems. By using two different theories/typologies to analyse the poems, this paper finds the proper name to be a core part of the narrative of the poems and an important source of information for the context in which the poems were written.
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Єрмоленко, Світлана Василівна, Светлана Васильевна Ермоленко, Svitlana Vasylivna Yermolenko und Ю. В. Кавун. „Проблематика власних назв (на матеріалі англійської та німецької мов)“. Thesis, Вид-во СумДУ, 2010. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/16318.
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Досліджуючи поставлену проблему, вчені стикаються з невпорядкованістю відтворення чужомовних назв, стихійністю підходу до різних явищ відтворення. Основну причину такої непослідовності вони вбачають у недостатньому теоретичному обгрунтуванні питань, що розглядаються.
При цитуванні документа, використовуйте посилання http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/16318
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Janssen, Stephen A. „The Greek article with proper names in Matthew traditional grammar and discourse perspectives /“. Online full text .pdf document, available to Fuller patrons only, 2003. http://www.tren.com.
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Bengtson, Ingrid Kestrel. „What's in a Name?: A thesis concerning the philosophical problems posed by proper names“. Thesis, Boston College, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/500.
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Thesis advisor: Richard Cobb-StevensThis essay addresses the problems posed by proper names in regards to their relationship to that which they name (their "reference"). This relation of a name to its reference serves as a model for how language in general relates to the world as it actually is, making the question of what a name names of vital epistemological importance. The main problem posed by proper names is whether they simply denote, or whether they connote (i.e. have some informational content), and if they connote, what picture should we give of that content? This essay critiques a variety of theories about proper names, including those of Frege, Russell, Kripke, Searle, Evans, and Sainsbury. It concludes that names of unique entities do have informational content, in the form of a yet unspecified family of definite descriptions that rigidly designate an individual, which arises out of various causal chains of communication in a community
Thesis (BA) — Boston College, 2007
Submitted to: Boston College. College of Arts and Sciences
Discipline: Philosophy
Discipline: College Honors Program
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Sand, Veronica. „Translation or rewriting of proper names : A study of children’s literature across a century“. Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för språk (SPR), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-102022.
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The translation of names is a topic for discussion within many fields, no less so within translation studies. Furthermore, the translation of proper names in children’s literature is a topic with on-going changes. There is a divide between those who believe that the names should be translated into proper cultural equivalent and those who believe it is time to have faith in children being able to handle foreign names. That is what this study will focus on. Approx. 15 names from seven children’s books from 1865 to 2011 were studied to conclude that there seems to be a greater faith in children’s ability to handle foreign names. Three languages were compared English, Spanish, and Swedish with the majority of the 337 names studied being kept in their original format, with spelling intact.Översättningen av namn är ett diskussionsämne inom många områden, inte minst inom översättningsstudier. Utöver detta är översättningen av egennamn inom barnlitteratur ett ämne som är under ständig förändring. Det finns en klyfta mellan de som menar att namn borde bli översatta till sin kulturella likvärdighet och de som menar att det är på tiden att lita på att barn kan hantera främmande namn. Det är denna diskussion som kommer vara fokus för denna uppsatsen. Ca. 15 namn från sju barnböcker från 1865 till 2011 studerades för att visa att det verkar finnas en större tilltro till barns förmåga att hantera främmande namn. Tre språk jämfördes, engelska, spanska och svenska. Var utav de 337 namnen som studerades var majoriteten oförändrade i översättningarna.
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Necker, Heike, und Liana Tronci. „From proper names to common nouns Italian ‑ismo/‑ista and Ancient Greek ‑ismós/‑istḗs formations“. Deutsche Gesellschaft für Namenforschung, 2019. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A71037.
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This study aims to investigate if there is a specific grammar for proper names,
in particular in the field of morphology, or more precisely, in nominal derivation.
We will concentrate on a class of derived nouns in a language with an
open corpus, i.e. Italian (from now on It.), and in a language with a closed
corpus, i.e. Ancient Greek (from now on AG). At stake here are the nouns
formed from proper names with the suffixes -ismo/‑ista in Italian and respectively
with ‑ismós/‑istḗs in AG. In both languages, these suffixes are highly
productive (see below Section 3). Furthermore, they combine not only with
proper names but also with common nouns, adjectives and other lexical categories.
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Alencar, Valdetonio Pereira de. „O significado dos nomes próprios“. reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFC, 2007. http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/26174.
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ALENCAR, Valdetonio Pereira de. O significado dos nomes próprios. 2007. 98f. – Dissertação (Mestrado) – Universidade Federal do Ceará, Programa de Pós-graduação em Filosofia, Fortaleza (CE), 2007.Submitted by Gustavo Daher (gdaherufc@hotmail.com) on 2017-09-27T12:10:48Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2007_dis_vpalencar.pdf: 478414 bytes, checksum: 3b9be3b826fbc0f421d30fca52f5a553 (MD5)
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My work is divided in two parts First I explain the theories (about proper names) of Frege Russell Searle and Kripke Second my approach is more systematical I wanted to introduce a definite description that it has the same behavior semantic of the proper name (co-extensional with the definite description) However I pretended to maintain the fundamental aspects of the theory of Kripke about the proper names.
A dissertação trata do problema dos nomes próprios Ela se divide em duas partes Na primeira as teorias de Frege Russell Searle e Kripke são examinadas de forma analítica e crítica Na segunda trato de forma sistemática meu tema Procurei introduzir uma descrição definida que possui o mesmo comportamento semântico dos respectivos nomes próprios mas mantendo os aspectos fundamentais da teoria de Kripke acerca dos nomes próprios.
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Gustavsson, Rickard. „Convention or Nature? : The Correctness of Names in Plato's Cratylus“. Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för idé- och samhällsstudier, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-149387.
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This thesis is about Plato‘s dialogue Cratylus, which is one of the earliest texts in the history ofphilosophy of language and has generated much interpretive controversy. In the dialogue, Platoexamines two theories on the correctness of names; conventionalism and naturalism. However,there is no clear positive outcome in the dialogue in regard to the debate betweenconventionalism and naturalism. Therefore, scholars have long been divided as to what Plato‘sown position on the correctness of names is. Another puzzling feature of the dialogue concernsthe etymological section, which has often been ignored or treated in isolation in modernscholarship. This section takes up about half of the dialogue and offers elaborate explanations ofa large number of words in the Greek language. Some recent studies of the Cratylus, however,are shedding much welcome light on the etymological section and the role it plays in thedialogue as a whole. In this thesis, I compare two competing interpretations of the etymologicalsection and discuss how an understanding of the etymologies can help us understand Plato‘sposition on the correctness of names and the purpose of the dialogue as a whole. In TimothyBaxter‘s interpretation, the etymological section should be read as a parody which amounts to aPlatonic critique of a mistaken attitude towards names and language found especially in thepoetry and philosophy in Plato‘s time. David Sedley, on the other hand, argues that theetymologies are seriously intended by Plato as a method of linguistic and historical analysis, amethod he himself endorsed and practiced. If the etymologies are taken seriously, Sedley argues,they show that Plato favored a form of naturalism in regard to the correctness of names. Afterproviding an outline and evaluation of these two interpretations, the thesis concludes with myown proposal. Although I disagree with some of Sedley‘s particular interpretations andarguments, I find myself in broad agreement with his general conclusions.
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Olsson, Chloé. „La Traduction des Noms Propres Français : Les noms propres dans les textes socipolitiques et le risque d'incompréhension du lecteur suédois“. Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för språk (SPR), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-66874.
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When a translator gets a new mission, even though he or she has a lot of experience in the subject, there are great responsibilities when it comes to the exactitude of the information in the translation. The translator can be responsible that the reader miscomprehends the text if the translation is perceived as strange in the target culture. Proper names are very close to cultural differences and, as such, are quite problematic to translate. What the translator can do in order to avoid these problems is to apply a translation strategy during his work. This study has the aim to find an adequate strategy to the translation of proper names in French socio-political texts. In order to analyse different proper names and apply a method, we had to translate a socio-political text into Swedish, more specifically a part of a political text written by Denis Pelletier in 2005 called “L’école, l’Europe, les corps: la laïcité et le voile” which is about the banning for young girls to wear the Islamic veil in French schools. The study highlighted two matters. First, is there a specific strategy that can be applied to French proper names when they are translated into Swedish that are not well known to a Swedish reader? Second, are there any complications to solve in proper names that are related to cultural differences between the source language and the target language? In order to answer these questions we chose to use the theories of Jean-Paul Vinay and Jean Darbelnet presented by Jeremy Munday in Introducing Translation Studies. Theories and Application (2012) that helped us when certain translations of proper names were complicated and it helped us justify changes in the translation. The work on proper names by Peter Newmark presented in A Textbook of Translation (1988) helped us to identify six categories of proper names precisely; toponyms, names of ministries, institutional names, names of public bodies, anthroponyms and names of political parties. While analysing the result we found that the different solutions proposed by Newmark were not applied to each translation of proper names. In addition, the most frequently used translation method was the procedure of couplets.
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Jonikaitė, Agnė. „Translation of Characters' Names and Geographical Names from English into Lithuanian in J.R.R. Tolkien's The Lord of the Rings: the Fellowship of the Ring“. Bachelor's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2014. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2014~D_20140717_083644-49714.
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The main objective and primary aim of the paper was to analyze translation strategies which were employed while translating geographical and characters’ names from English into Lithuanian in John Ronald Reuel Tolkien’s novel The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring.The study set out with the objective of assessing the theoretical background of translation of culture specific items. The main concern was the definition and categorization of non- equivalence and related concepts. Moreover, the core object of the paper was to disclose the usage of translation strategies that were employed while translating the proper names from English into Lithuanian.Pagrindinis darbo tikslas buvo išanalizuoti vertimo strategijas, kurios buvo naudojamos verčiant veikėjų vardus ir vietovardžius iš anglų kalbos į lietuvių J.R.R. Tolkieno romane Žiedų Valdovas:Žiedo Brolija. Darbo tikslas buvo ištirti teorinę medžiagą susijusią su kultūrinių realijų vertimu. Didelis dėmesys buvo skirtas neekvivalentiškumo ir susijusių konceptų aiškinimui.Be to, pagrindinis darbo uždavinys buvo išsiaiškinti, kaip buvo pritaikytos vertimo strategijos verčiant tikrinius vardus iš anglų kalbos į lietuvių.
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Gryguc, Alicja. „Translation strategies of proper names in Lithuanian and Polish variants of Jerome K. Jerome's Three Men on the Bummel“. Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2008. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2008~D_20080805_133413-52931.
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This comparative study analyzes the translation of proper names found in the Lithuanian and Polish versions of Jerome K. Jerome’s Three Men on the Bummel. The analysis is preceded by the discussion of the status of proper names in the English language and their function in the text, later, the various basis for their classification are presented. Further, the treatment of the foreign proper names in the Polish and the Lithuanian language is taken into consideration as the grammatical rules often influence the choices of translators. As various scholars label the similar translation procedures differently, a review of solutions in translating proper names is carried out. In result, for the sake of clarity, the translation strategies proposed by Eirlys E. Davies (preservation, localization, addition, globalization, transformation, omission and creation) (2003) serve as the basis for this comparative analysis. As this thesis aims to reveal the tendencies in translating proper names in the Lithuanian and Polish languages, the Lithuanian translation of Jerome K. Jerome’s Three Men on the Bummel, done by Jonas Čeponis and titled Trise dviračiais (2005) is compared to the Polish ones produced by Jolanta Plakwicz as Trzej panowie na rowerach (1992) and Piotr J. Szwajcer as Trzech panów w Niemczech (tym razem bez psa) (2007).
In result, the analysis and statistical representation of strategies applied to the translation of personal, object and geographical names reveal the existing... [to full text]Šio darbo tikslas – išanalizuoti tikrinių daiktavardžių iš Jerome K. Jerome romano „Three Men on the Bummel“ vertimų būdus, kuriuos pasirinko lietuvių ir lenkų vertėjai. Darbe apžvelgiama tikrinių daiktavardžių vieta anglų kalbos gramatikoje, jų funkcijos tekste bei aptariama įvairi jų klasifikacija. Atsižvelgiama į kitų kalbų tikrinių daiktavardžių pateikimo taisykles lietuvių ir lenkų kalbose, kurios gali įtakoja vertėjų pasirinkimą. Kadangi mokslininkai skirtingai įvardija panašias vertimo procedūras, šios analizės pagrindą sudaro Eirlys E. Davis (2003) pasiūlytos strategijos, kuriomis remiantis tikrinių daiktavardžių vertimas Jonas Čeponio „Trise dviračiais“ (2005) lyginamas su Jolanta Plakwicz vertimu „Trzej panowie na rowerach“ (1992) ir Piotr J. Szwajcer „Trzech panów w Niemczech (tym razem bez psa)“ (2007). Atliktos analizės ir statistinių duomenų pagrindu teigiama, jog tiek lietuvių, tiek lenkų kalboje įžvelgiamos tam tikros vertimo tendencijos. Lietuvių vertėjas dažniau tikrinius daiktavardžius pateikia pagal lietuvių kalbos fonetikos ir morfologijos taisykles, todėl lietuvių skaitytojams jų tartis problemų nesukelia. Lenkų skaitytojams dažniau pateikiami tikriniai daiktavardžiai originalia (kitos kalbos) rašyba, kurie tik priderinti prie lenkų kalboje galiojančių linksniavimo dėsnių. Pastebima, jog lietuvių vertėjas dažnai papildomą informaciją pateikia išnašose. Praleistų, sukurtų, globalizuotų ar pakeistų tikrinių daiktavardžių skaičius minėtuose vertimuose yra... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]
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Leggatt, Stuart. „The proper order of things : nature and cosmos in Aristotle's De Caelo“. Thesis, University of Reading, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.357335.
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Phan, Thi Thanh Thao. „Machine translation of proper names from english and french into vietnamese : an error analysis and some proposed solutions“. Thesis, Besançon, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014BESA1002/document.
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Dans l'ère de l'information et de la connaissance, la traduction automatique (TA) devientprogressivement un outil indispensable pour transposer la signification d'un texte d'une langue source versune langue cible. La TA des noms propres (NP), en particulier, joue un rôle crucial dans ce processus,puisqu'elle permet une identification précise des personnes, des lieux, des organisations et des artefacts àtravers les langues. Malgré un grand nombre d'études et des résultats significatifs concernant lareconnaissance d'entités nommées (dont le nom propre fait partie) dans la communauté de TAL dans lemonde, il n'existe presque aucune recherche sur la traduction automatique des noms propres (TANP) pourle vietnamien. En raison des caractéristiques différentes d'écriture de NP, la translittération ou la transcription etla traduction de plusieurs de langues incluant l'anglais, le français, le russe, le chinois, etc. vers levietnamien, le TANP de ces langues vers le vietnamien est stimulant et problématique. Cette étude seconcentre sur les problèmes de TANP d’anglais vers le vietnamien et de français vers le vietnamienrésultant du moteurs courants de la TA et présente les solutions de prétraitement de ces problèmes pouraméliorer la qualité de la TA. A travers l'analyse et la classification d'erreurs de la TANP faites sur deux corpus parallèles detextes avec PN (anglais-vietnamien et français-vietnamien), nous proposons les solutions concernant deuxproblématiques importantes: (1) l'annotation de corpus, afin de préparer des bases de données pour leprétraitement et (2) la création d'un programme pour prétraiter automatiquement les corpus annotés, afinde réduire les erreurs de la TANP et d'améliorer la qualité de traduction des systèmes de TA, tels queGoogle, Vietgle, Bing et EVTran. L'efficacité de différentes méthodes d'annotation des corpus avec des NP ainsi que les tauxd'erreurs de la TANP avant et après l'application du programme de prétraitement sur les deux corpusannotés est comparés et discutés dans cette thèse. Ils prouvent que le prétraitement réduitsignificativement le taux d'erreurs de la TANP et, par la même, contribue à l'amélioration de traductionautomatique vers la langue vietnamienneMachine translation (MT) has increasingly become an indispensable tool for decoding themeaning of a text from a source language into a target language in our current information and knowledgeera. In particular, MT of proper names (PN) plays a crucial role in providing the specific and preciseidentification of persons, places, organizations, and artefacts through the languages. Despite a largenumber of studies and significant achievements of named entity recognition in the NLP communityaround the world, there has been almost no research on PNMT for Vietnamese language. Due to the different features of PN writing, transliteration or transcription and translation from a variety of languages including English, French, Russian, Chinese, etc. into Vietnamese, the PNMT from those languages into Vietnamese is still challenging and problematic issue. This study focuses on theproblems of English-Vietnamese and French-Vietnamese PNMT arising from current MT engines. First,it proposes a corpus-based PN classification, then a detailed PNMT error analysis to conclude with somepre-processing solutions in order to improve the MT quality. Through the analysis and classification of PNMT errors from the two English-Vietnamese and French-Vietnamese parallel corpora of texts with PNs, we propose solutions concerning two major issues:(1)corpus annotation for preparing the pre-processing databases, and (2)design of the pre-processingprogram to be used on annotated corpora to reduce the PNMT errors and enhance the quality of MTsystems, including Google, Vietgle, Bing and EVTran. The efficacy of different annotation methods of English and French corpora of PNs and the results of PNMT errors before and after using the pre-processing program on the two annotated corporaare compared and discussed in this study. They prove that the pre-processing solution reducessignificantly PNMT errors and contributes to the improvement of the MT systems’ for Vietnameselanguage
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Alencar, Valdetonio Pereira de. „O Significado dos nomes PrÃprios“. Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2007. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=19948.
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CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel SuperiorA dissertaÃÃo trata do problema dos nomes prÃprios Ela se divide em duas partes Na primeira as teorias de Frege Russell Searle e Kripke sÃo examinadas de forma analÃtica e crÃtica Na segunda trato de forma sistemÃtica meu tema Procurei introduzir uma descriÃÃo definida que possui o mesmo comportamento semÃntico dos respectivos nomes prÃprios mas mantendo os aspectos fundamentais da teoria de Kripke acerca dos nomes prÃprios
My work is divided in two parts First I explain the theories (about proper names) of Frege Russell Searle and Kripke Second my approach is more systematical I wanted to introduce a definite description that it has the same behavior semantic of the proper name (co-extensional with the definite description) However I pretended to maintain the fundamental aspects of the theory of Kripke about the proper names
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Cowell, Deborah Jane. „The problem of proper names in fiction, with special reference to Marcel Proust's 'A la recherche du temps perdu'“. Thesis, University of Sussex, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.240562.
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Cantora, Tuñón Laura. „Proper names as cultural referents in British chick lit : a corpus-based analysis of their translations into Spanish and Italian“. Thesis, University of Leeds, 2013. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/7870/.
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This thesis considers the role that proper names play in British mass market women’s fiction (genre generally known as Chick Lit) by means of an analysis of the way in which those proper names have been translated into Spanish and Italian. The relationship between source text and target text is explored in terms of the procedures employed to translate each proper name. Our main hypothesis is that Toury’s (1995) law of growing standardization would prevail in the translated text in an attempt to bring the connotations and foreign elements of the source language text nearer to the target language readership. This hypothesis is tested by creating a parallel trilingual corpus containing three novels in their original English versions as well as their translations into Spanish and Italian. Using corpus processing tools, such as named-entity recognition programs and trilingual concordancers, a total of 1500 distinct proper names are extracted from these texts which means that 3000 translation instances are available for analysis. These names are categorised using a novel faceted taxonomy, and the translations are classified using a purpose-built map of translation procedures. These categorisations are then analysed using corpus processing measurements such as raw and relative frequency to detect any possible patterns in the translation of proper names in modern literature. The research shows that translators attempt to identify an ‘equilibrium’ between conserving certain elements and explaining others; while attempting to bring the connotations and foreign elements closer to the target language culture a wide variety of procedures are used. The data also reveals a more marked tendency to conserve the proper names in their original form in the Spanish target texts than in the Italian target texts, where there is more variation in the range of procedures employed. In addition to these results, a major contribution to knowledge of this research is the creation and successful application of the taxonomy and map of procedures and the processes devised for the analysis which are now available to be used in other investigations.
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Firestone, Christopher L. „Toward a proper application of God's hiddenness to facts about his nature a Lutheran perspective /“. Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1992. http://www.tren.com.
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Bezerra, JoÃo Alfredo Ramos. „Hareios Poter: um estudo descritivo sobre a traduÃÃo dos nomes prÃprios de Harry Potter and the Philosopherâs Stone para o grego antigo“. Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2017. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=20177.
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nÃo hÃCom repercussÃo inegÃvel, os livros de Harry Potter foram publicados entre os anos de 1997 e 2007, somando sete tÃtulos. Embora um dos maiores fenÃmenos literÃrios do inÃcio do sÃculo XXI, a sÃrie nÃo tem sido amplamente contemplada pela comunidade acadÃmica por se tratar de um best-seller direcionado ao pÃblico infanto-juvenil. Mesmo assim, poucas questÃes acadÃmicas vÃo surgindo timidamente, como os problemas tradutÃrios, uma vez que a obra conta com um lÃxico diferenciado, uma histÃria complexa e possui uma extensÃo nada comum aos livros do gÃnero. Os estudos de nomes prÃprios, conhecido como OnomÃstica, configuram um grupo especÃfico, pois em muitos deles a autora utiliza-se de jogos de palavras e significados implÃcitos que podem vir a passar despercebidos dependendo do procedimento tradutÃrio. Por conta de todo o sucesso e nÃmeros expressivos, a obra representa um epicentro em um emaranhado de traduÃÃes. Entre tantas versÃes, o primeiro tÃtulo, Harry Potter and the Philosopherâs Stone (1997), foi traduzido para o grego antigo em 2004 pelo professor britÃnico de estudos clÃssicos Andrew Wilson. O objetivo do presente trabalho à comparar e analisar a traduÃÃo dos nomes prÃprios da referida traduÃÃo a partir da montagem de uma lista com os nomes prÃprios em inglÃs e em grego antigo, dividindo-os em categorias, observando o procedimento tradutÃrio, os caminhos escolhidos pelo tradutor. Sendo assim, caracteriza-se em uma pesquisa descritiva, baseada no mÃtodo de Lambert e Van Gorp (1985). A hipÃtese inicial à que muitos desses nomes, principalmente os criados pela autora, foram apenas transliterados, por conta da facilitaÃÃo em apenas transpor do alfabeto latino para o grego. Para a montagem da lista, a obra em inglÃs, considerada neste trabalho como texto fonte, foi lida destacando todos os nomes por ordem dos capÃtulos. Ao final da primeira etapa, o mesmo processo foi feito com a ediÃÃo em grego antigo. Com a lista finalizada, foram escolhidas categorias dos nomes, como personagens, lugares, objetos, entre outros. A segunda etapa do trabalho consistiu em compilar os procedimentos tradutÃrios. Com tudo considerado, a anÃlise pÃde ser iniciada, mostrando resultados como quais procedimentos tinham sido mais utilizados pelo tradutor. Conclui-se, entÃo, que o tradutor tomou caminhos que aproximavam o texto do leitor, como a aproximaÃÃo acÃstica, refutando a hipÃtese inicial do uso da transliteraÃÃo. Desta forma, ele mostrou demasiada criatividade nas suas escolhas, tornando o texto fluido.
Com repercussÃo inegÃvel, os livros de Harry Potter foram publicados entre os anos de 1997 e 2007, somando sete tÃtulos. Embora um dos maiores fenÃmenos literÃrios do inÃcio do sÃculo XXI, a sÃrie nÃo tem sido amplamente contemplada pela comunidade acadÃmica por se tratar de um best-seller direcionado ao pÃblico infanto-juvenil. Mesmo assim, poucas questÃes acadÃmicas vÃo surgindo timidamente, como os problemas tradutÃrios, uma vez que a obra conta com um lÃxico diferenciado, uma histÃria complexa e possui uma extensÃo nada comum aos livros do gÃnero. Os estudos de nomes prÃprios, conhecido como OnomÃstica, configuram um grupo especÃfico, pois em muitos deles a autora utiliza-se de jogos de palavras e significados implÃcitos que podem vir a passar despercebidos dependendo do procedimento tradutÃrio. Por conta de todo o sucesso e nÃmeros expressivos, a obra representa um epicentro em um emaranhado de traduÃÃes. Entre tantas versÃes, o primeiro tÃtulo, Harry Potter and the Philosopherâs Stone (1997), foi traduzido para o grego antigo em 2004 pelo professor britÃnico de estudos clÃssicos Andrew Wilson. O objetivo do presente trabalho à comparar e analisar a traduÃÃo dos nomes prÃprios da referida traduÃÃo a partir da montagem de uma lista com os nomes prÃprios em inglÃs e em grego antigo, dividindo-os em categorias, observando o procedimento tradutÃrio, os caminhos escolhidos pelo tradutor. Sendo assim, caracteriza-se em uma pesquisa descritiva, baseada no mÃtodo de Lambert e Van Gorp (1985). A hipÃtese inicial à que muitos desses nomes, principalmente os criados pela autora, foram apenas transliterados, por conta da facilitaÃÃo em apenas transpor do alfabeto latino para o grego. Para a montagem da lista, a obra em inglÃs, considerada neste trabalho como texto fonte, foi lida destacando todos os nomes por ordem dos capÃtulos. Ao final da primeira etapa, o mesmo processo foi feito com a ediÃÃo em grego antigo. Com a lista finalizada, foram escolhidas categorias dos nomes, como personagens, lugares, objetos, entre outros. A segunda etapa do trabalho consistiu em compilar os procedimentos tradutÃrios. Com tudo considerado, a anÃlise pÃde ser iniciada, mostrando resultados como quais procedimentos tinham sido mais utilizados pelo tradutor. Conclui-se, entÃo, que o tradutor tomou caminhos que aproximavam o texto do leitor, como a aproximaÃÃo acÃstica, refutando a hipÃtese inicial do uso da transliteraÃÃo. Desta forma, ele mostrou demasiada criatividade nas suas escolhas, tornando o texto fluido.
With undeniable repercussion, the Harry Potter books were published between the years of 1997 and 2007, totaling seven titles. Although one of the largest literary phenomenon in the beginning of the XXI century, the series tend not to be given proper look by the academic community because it is a best-seller classified as childrenâs literature. Even though, few academic questions rise timidly, such as translation issues, since the books have different lexicon, complex plot, and not common extension for this genre. The study of proper names, known as Onomastics, are part of a specific group, once many of them are puns or have implicit meaning which may go underway depending on the translation procedure. Due to success and expressive numbers, the books are the epicentre in a web of translations. Among so many versions, the first book, Harry Potter and the Philosopherâs Stone (1997), was translated into Ancient Greek in 2004 by British Classical Studies Professor Andrew Wilson. Therefore, the goal in this present study is to compare and analyze the translation of proper names on the mentioned translation through the creation of a list of proper names in English and Ancient Greek, splitting them into categories, observing the translation procedures, the paths chosen by the translator. This way, it is characterized as a descriptive study, based upon Lambertâs and Van Gorpâs method (1985). Initial hypothesis is that these names, especially the ones created by the author, were just transliterated, because it seems easier just to go from the Latin alphabet to the Greek one. To set the list, the book in English, seen here as source text, was read highlighting all proper names by chapter order. By the end of the first stage, the same process was made with the Ancient Greek edition. With the list set, categories of names had to be chosen, such as characters, places, objects, among others. The second stage consisted on setting the translational procedures. With all considered, analysis could be initiated, showing results like which procedures had been used most by the translator. It is concluded then that the translator chose paths like approximating the text to the reader, such as using acoustic approximation, disproving initial hypothesis about the use of transliteration. This way, he showed undue creativity by his choices by making a flowing text.
With undeniable repercussion, the Harry Potter books were published between the years of 1997 and 2007, totaling seven titles. Although one of the largest literary phenomenon in the beginning of the XXI century, the series tend not to be given proper look by the academic community because it is a best-seller classified as childrenâs literature. Even though, few academic questions rise timidly, such as translation issues, since the books have different lexicon, complex plot, and not common extension for this genre. The study of proper names, known as Onomastics, are part of a specific group, once many of them are puns or have implicit meaning which may go underway depending on the translation procedure. Due to success and expressive numbers, the books are the epicentre in a web of translations. Among so many versions, the first book, Harry Potter and the Philosopherâs Stone (1997), was translated into Ancient Greek in 2004 by British Classical Studies Professor Andrew Wilson. Therefore, the goal in this present study is to compare and analyze the translation of proper names on the mentioned translation through the creation of a list of proper names in English and Ancient Greek, splitting them into categories, observing the translation procedures, the paths chosen by the translator. This way, it is characterized as a descriptive study, based upon Lambertâs and Van Gorpâs method (1985). Initial hypothesis is that these names, especially the ones created by the author, were just transliterated, because it seems easier just to go from the Latin alphabet to the Greek one. To set the list, the book in English, seen here as source text, was read highlighting all proper names by chapter order. By the end of the first stage, the same process was made with the Ancient Greek edition. With the list set, categories of names had to be chosen, such as characters, places, objects, among others. The second stage consisted on setting the translational procedures. With all considered, analysis could be initiated, showing results like which procedures had been used most by the translator. It is concluded then that the translator chose paths like approximating the text to the reader, such as using acoustic approximation, disproving initial hypothesis about the use of transliteration. This way, he showed undue creativity by his choices by making a flowing text.
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Дегтярьова, Лариса Іванівна, Лариса Ивановна Дегтярева, Larysa Ivanivna Dehtiarova und П. Єрак. „Переклад ономастичних англiцизмів та фразеологiзмiв з ономастичним компонентом на українську мову“. Thesis, Cумський державний університет, 2016. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/47331.
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Питання передачi англійських aнтропонімiв засобами
української мови приводять перекладача до більш глибокого вивчення
проблем aдаптації влaсних назв. Основним матерiалом для висновкiв
про фонографічну aдаптацiю запозичених власних назв є грaфiчнa
передача звуків мови-джерела в укрaїнських текстах.