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1
Running, Katherine. „The liberalisation of India's labour laws within the National Manufacturing Policy 2011: where business power and social policy collide“. Journal of International and Comparative Social Policy 31, Nr. 2 (Juni 2015): 192–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21699763.2015.1047397.
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Following formal economic liberalisation in 1991, business, in particular big business, has gained increasing access to and influence over policy decision-making in India. Industry has been an outspoken critic of national labour laws and has lobbied extensively for greater labour market flexibility. While business has not been successful in influencing “official” labour reform at the national level, it was able to influence labour policy within the National Manufacturing Policy 2011, which curtailed labour protections and implemented “hire and fire” policies. Utilising qualitative data from 40 face-to-face interviews with policy stakeholders in New Delhi, India, this paper aims to explore how business was able to influence labour reform within this policy as well as underscore the wider social welfare implications that may follow. It will be argued that the ability of business to dictate labour reform, while strong, is somewhat variable as competing factors serve to constrain business influence. Furthermore, the extent to which labour laws are hindering manufacturing investment is widely debatable. Nevertheless, curtailment of labour protections, as afforded in this policy, will have a widespread and damaging impact on workers. While the policy promises to empower rural youth, provide gainful employment, and enable growth to become more sustainable and inclusive for its citizens, it is questionable whether these goals can be achieved alongside the curtailment of labour protections.
2
Hart, Robert A., und Robin J. Ruffell. „Labour costs and employment policy“. National Institute Economic Review 165 (Juli 1998): 99–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002795019816500112.
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Under the Government's New Deal proposals to help create jobs for the young unemployed, employers are offered marginal employment subsidies. Such interventions involve relative changes in the firm's fixed and variable labour costs. In turn, cost changes have implications for both employment and hours of work. This study examines possible strengths and weaknesses of employment policies that are designed to price young unemployed into jobs by reducing related labour costs. It focuses on one such intervention, the major restructuring of employers' National Insurance Contributions (NICs) in the 1985 Budget. This is then linked to the New Deal measures.
3
McGuigan, Jim. „National Government and the Cultural Public Sphere“. Media International Australia 87, Nr. 1 (Mai 1998): 68–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1329878x9808700109.
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This article introduces the concept of the cultural public sphere to examine public debate around national government policy in the cultural field when the nation-state is said to be of diminishing significance. The election of New Labour in Britain and the cultural politics of its first six months in office are taken as a case study. A distinction is made between cultural policy proper and cultural policy as display. New Labour is especially notable for its symbolic politics and manipulation of cultural policy as display, much more so than its program for cultural policy proper, which remained little developed during the first year of office. The New Labour project is nothing less than a redefinition of Britishness — largely reduced, however, to the ‘rebranding’ of Britain as a ‘Young Nation’ or ‘Cool Britannia’, in the wake of Thatcherism's lengthy period of ‘regressive modernisation’. The May 1997 general election itself, the death and funeral of Diana, Princess of Wales and intense controversy over the New Millennium Experience all occurred within the first six months of Labour government. The article analyses the relations between these events and concludes that the New Labour project, symbolised by the Millennium Dome, articulates a national hubris that reproduces Britain's historical problem of coming to terms with its declining significance in the world. New Labour's virtual politics and its adherence to an accentuated public relations and marketing model of politics are at odds with the democratic principles of the public sphere in general, illustrated in the article by the particular operations and limitations of the cultural public sphere.
4
Barrantes, Rae. „Renewing the National Health Service: Labour's Agenda for a Healthier Britain“. International Journal of Health Services 26, Nr. 2 (April 1996): 269–308. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/g3u1-m3wk-mdc6-3q94.
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In this report the Labour Party gives its view of the current status of the British National Health Service (NHS), and outlines its plans for the NHS under a Labour government. The values underlying the NHS—comprehensive health care, free at the point of use, based on need rather than ability to pay—have been betrayed. The truly national health service, created by a Labour government in 1948, has been replaced by a market-based service led by accountants. Patients are suffering, health care professionals are dissatisfied, some of the nation's finest hospitals are closing, community care is in chaos, and NHS dentistry has all but been privatized. Under the Tories, the NHS faces a future of privatization, competition, and markets, money wasted on bureaucracy, and the unfairness of a two-tier system. Under Labour, the NHS faces modernization, planned progress, money spent on frontline services, and excellence for all. Labour will follow a model of health care that is patient centered and community led, a properly coordinated and efficient public service.
5
Mukhopadhaya, Pundarik, Uttam Bhattacharya und Craig MacMillan. „Education for Child Labour: Evaluating the National Child Labour Policy in West Bengal, India“. Journal of Contemporary Asia 42, Nr. 4 (November 2012): 651–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00472336.2012.706483.
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6
Arlow, Jonathan. „A JobBridge to nowhere: The National Internship Scheme as fast policy leading to bad policy“. Administration 67, Nr. 2 (01.05.2019): 71–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/admin-2019-0014.
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AbstractJobBridge, the Irish National Internship Scheme, was a labour activation measure launched in July 2011, during a period of extreme economic crisis, and was marketed as a chance for young people to gain career experience in quality work placements. Over 60 per cent of participants found employment after leaving the scheme but it suffered from high deadweight losses and was widely criticised as exploitative during its existence. This was quite predictable, which leaves the puzzle as to why JobBridge was designed without more regulations to protect the entry-level jobs market and the interests of the unemployed? This paper will trace the processes behind this suboptimal decision-making. First, it will show the institutional factors influencing poor policy decisions on labour activation. Then it will explain the main incentives behind an under-regulated programme, which were the need to develop a workable scheme as quickly as possible and to do this without significant funding. Finally, it will show how the decision-making process prioritised the interests of the Labour Party, government, business and the concerned parents of unemployed youth over the interests of the unemployed.
7
Ramankulov, Kubanychbek Sovetovich, Ulan Turdubekovich Andashev und Gulnaz Kachkyn kyzy. „Trends in the legal labour reform policy in the Kyrgyz Republic“. SHS Web of Conferences 108 (2021): 01004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/202110801004.
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The article is concerned with the analysis of the transformations in the labour market taking place in the Kyrgyz Republic (KR), which cause a great resonance in society, but continue to remain unexplored in the legal literature. Consequently, the purpose of the article is to identify the general trend in the legal labour reform policy and to determine the main directions of legal policy to improve the mechanism of legal regulation of labor. In the article, the objectives of classifying the main periods of the implementation of labor reforms (begun in 2005) are solved, analysis and assessment of the means of implementing reforms in terms of their compliance with national and international labor standards are carried out based on dialectical and logical methods, as well as the use of the systemic method. The article reveals serious inconsistencies between the deregulation policy and prohibitions in the labour market with the ILO Conventions No. 81, 87, 150, 155, which were ratified by the Kyrgyz Republic (except for the ILO Convention No. 155). In particular, the negative consequences of the deregulation policy for the field of labor safety and protection were noted, especially in the context of the onset of the COVID-19 coronavirus. Based on the analysis of the problems of the labor regulation reform policy, it is concluded that it is necessary to develop a unified state program for the development of the labour market, containing a system of strategic priorities, conceptual ideas, goals and measures that determine the prospects for improving the labor legislation of the Kyrgyz Republic on the basis of intensifying the processes of monitoring labor legislation and the practice of its enforcement in the Kyrgyz Republic. The provisions and conclusions of this article are of practical importance for the executive authorities implementing state policy in the field of labor.
8
Powell, Martin. „New Labour and the Third Way in the British National Health Service“. International Journal of Health Services 29, Nr. 2 (April 1999): 353–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/tq9f-wy05-8q6r-3upj.
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The British Labour Party claims that its policies are based on a “third way,” new and distinct from both the old left and the new right. This article critically examines this claim with respect to health policy. After examining the Conservative legacy in the National Health Service and the evolution of Labour's health policy, the author introduces the concept of the “third way” and discusses the extent to which Labour's health policy can be seen in these terms, using the themes of spending, competition, accountability, and public health. There are many differences between the health policies of New and Old Labour, and some differences between those of New Labour and the Conservatives. Indeed, to a large extent Labour's health policy is built on the legacy of the Conservatives and is characterized by evolution. It is difficult to find any “big idea” or coherent philosophy behind the third way. Rather than being a new and distinctive approach rejecting both the old left and the new right, it seems to be a pragmatic pick and mix, attempting to combine the best from the market approach of the Conservatives and the hierarchical approach of Old Labour.
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Gawrycka, Małgorzata, und Anna Szymczak. „A Panel Analysis of the Impact of Green Transformation and Globalization on the Labor Share in the National Income“. Energies 14, Nr. 21 (23.10.2021): 6967. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14216967.
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This study aims to examine the impact of green transition and globalization processes on changes in the labour share. The study covers 76 national economies diversified in development, global production share and energy transition stage from 2000 to 2018. Based on the Total Economy Database data, panel models of the relationship between green transition, globalization and the labour share in the national income were estimated. The conducted Breusch–Pagan and Hausman tests proved the validity of using fixed-effects models. We confirmed the research hypothesis that the openness of the economy contributes to a decline in the labour share. The openness of the economy resulting from globalization reduces the labour share in the national income. We do not confirm hypotheses that suggest energy transition contributes to a reduction in the labour share and that the labour share will decline in the post-crisis period due to the lower bargaining power of workers. Changes in the labour share should be of interest to government representatives who influence the shape and implementation of economic policy, especially in employment policy, education, and investment policy, mainly aimed at the green transformation.
10
Stepanova, N. A. „NEW LABOUR 'ETHICAL' FOREIGN POLICY“. MGIMO Review of International Relations, Nr. 4(49) (28.08.2016): 69–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.24833/2071-8160-2016-4-49-69-78.
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The article discusses problems and contradictions associated with the attempt of the Labour Party under the leadership of Tony Blair to start a 'new era' in international relations by putting the 'ethical dimension' into the heart of their foreign policy. Indeed, having come to power and possessing great credibility among the British society, New Labour undertook a number of actions, which marked the formal break with the practices of the previous governments. Thus, they shifted the focus from the foreign trade interests to human rights considerations on the international arena, introduced innovations in the field of international aid and development of poor countries, declared the priority of so-called 'advanced' national interests. These solutions, however, have led to some ambiguous results. The author argues that, on the one hand, the Labour Party 'new' foreign policy was a tribute to the historical tradition and continuity and on the other - the spirit of the times, as other Western countries leaders claimed similar statements, and that, in fact, it contributed to the moral authority of the government in the eyes of the British society. The article contains examples proving how ambiguity and contradictoriness of certain decisions have been the conscious choice made by politicians, when declared altruistic goals actually proved to protect interests of certain business structures and direct opposite of the stated ethical principles. It is suggested that the divergence between word and deed had been initially present in the New Labour international doctrine and that the 'ethical foreign policy' can be considered as one of the tools of Realpolitik. The author concentrates on such aspects of the New Labour foreign policy as development, aid, debt relief, and arms trade, rather than on Blair’s just wars’ that are widely discussed in the Russian language historical literature and press.
11
PENN, HELEN, und VICKY RANDALL. „Childcare Policy and Local Partnerships under Labour“. Journal of Social Policy 34, Nr. 1 (23.12.2004): 79–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s004727940400827x.
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This article is concerned with explaining the relatively disappointing results of the Labour government's National Childcare Strategy to date, with particular emphasis on the role of the EYDCPs (Early Years Development and Childcare Partnerships). After briefly describing and assessing childcare policy under Labour, it suggests that limited outcomes partly reflect the constraining legacy of previous policy and provision, but must also be related to the way childcare has fitted into the wider government agenda, and ‘third way’ discourse. This has affected not only policy content but the chosen means of implementation. In this context the article focuses in particular on the local EYDCPs: both their rationale and the part they have played in practice.
12
Datta, Nikhil, Giulia Giupponi und Stephen Machin. „Zero-hours contracts and labour market policy“. Economic Policy 34, Nr. 99 (01.07.2019): 369–427. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/epolic/eiz008.
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SUMMARY The evolving nature of atypical work arrangements is studied. A particular focus is placed on one such form of work relation: zero-hours contracts (ZHCs). The paper uses existing secondary data and new survey data collected for the specific purpose of studying alternative work arrangements to describe the nature of ZHC work in the UK labour market. The interaction with labour market policy is explored, in the context of the 2016 introduction of the UK’s National Living Wage. ZHC work is shown to be an important feature of today’s work arrangements, and the wage cost shock induced by the new, higher minimum wage resulted in an increased use of ZHCs in the UK social care sector, and in low wage sectors more generally.
13
Broll, Udo, Sabine Hansen-Averlant und Sugata Marjit. „Domestic labour, foreign capital and welfare“. Economics and Business Review 8, Nr. 1 (30.03.2008): 5–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.18559/ebr.2008.1.541.
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A competitive allocation of labour across different sectors of a small open economy may not be socially optimal when one sector uses foreign specific capital. We argue that a suitably designed economic policy is required to maximize national welfare of the host country. In particular such a policy design has to take into account repatriation of factor income by multinational firms. (original abstract)
14
Silva, K. D. Dushmanthi. „Nexus between Women Labour Migrants, Protection and Policy Implementation: A Study on National Labour Migration Policy Implementation in Sri Lanka“. Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities Review 4, Nr. 2 (02.04.2020): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4038/jsshr.v4i2.28.
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15
Brameshuber, Elisabeth, und Ines Kager. „Collective access to national courts for labour law and social policy disputes: Austria“. European Labour Law Journal 12, Nr. 4 (23.11.2021): 436–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/20319525211057865.
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With this paper we aimed to give an insight into Austria's labour and social security jurisdiction, notably into different forms of collective redress within this system. As the Austrian Labour and Social Courts Act provides for certain instruments of collective redress, the primary focus will be on those. The main drawback of those existing forms of collective action for labour law matters, however, is the lacking possibility for the single employee to enforce the respective judgement. Hence it can only serve as a legal test case. In that respect, instruments of Austria's general civil procedural law could present a practical alternative to the problem and thus the legal framework and ongoing academic debate about the application of those procedures is also a key part of the paper.
16
Hiessl, Christina. „Flexicure labour market structures“. Zbornik Pravnog fakulteta Sveučilišta u Rijeci 39, Nr. 4 (2019): 1883–905. http://dx.doi.org/10.30925/zpfsr.39.4.15.
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The article discusses the added value of social policy approaches which can be characterized as ‘flexicure’ based on a comparison of Germany and Austria. It offers an insight into some of the central labour market and policy developments in these countries, which share a number of common principles and structures but differ quite strikingly when viewed through the lenses of the flexicurity concept. This comparison serves as a basis for a discussion about the desirability of reforms to reinforce the ‘flexicurity score’ of any national legal order as well as the multitude of forms which the concept can take to match diverse legal and socio-economic traditions.
17
Holzapfel, Niklas. „THE DECAY OF JAPAN’S LABOUR MARKET: NEW IMMIGRATION POLITICS AND THEIR IMPLICATIONS ON THE NATIONAL LABOUR SHORTAGE“. International Journal of Social Science & Economic Research 09, Nr. 01 (2024): 01–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.46609/ijsser.2024.v09i01.001.
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Japan’s population decline is destabilising the national labour market. In response to the demographic threat, in April 2019 the Japanese Ministry of Justice officially introduced the new Specified Skilled Worker policy. This ‘temporary’ labour migration programme was designed to alleviate the domestic labour shortage by intensifying the acquisition of global human resources. Yet whether this political measure is capable of reducing the deficit remains to be seen. By reviewing the government’s prior and current labour supply strategies, this study aims to assess the policy’s potential to contribute to the consolidation of the national employment market. By highlighting structural deficiencies and proposing some reforms, this article seeks to ignite a public debate about the need to revise the current Specified Skilled Worker policy in an attempt to halt the decay of Japan’s labour market.
18
Rochadi, Sigit. „Kebijakan industrial(isasi) dan kontinyuitas konflik industrial pasca krisis ekonomi 1997/1998“. Masyarakat, Kebudayaan dan Politik 27, Nr. 2 (01.04.2014): 91. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/mkp.v27i22014.91-103.
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This article examines the relations between industrial policy and industrial conflict in Indonesia pos the 1997 economic crisis. The method uses is descriptive analysis. This research founded that the country’s industrial policy was influenced by strong nationalism sentiment of both indigenous and industrialism. This study shows that a prolonged conflict was also influenced by a narrow industry policy. The data was analyzed by descriptive method using critical interpretation; secondary data analysis was conducted by comparing years, business scope, and influencing parties (government, businessman, and labour). The policy did not provide opportunity to strengthen labour, therefore, the issues they echoed was not about technological development or job opportunities, but concerned more about wages or overtime work pay. A successful industrial structural development was not only useful to strengthen national economy, the more important fact is the empowerment of labout through good leadership and democracy.
19
Forsyth, Anthony, und John Howe. „Reaching Across the Ditch? Similarities and Differences in the Trajectory of Australian and New Zealand Regulation of Collective Labour Relations 1988–2018“. Victoria University of Wellington Law Review 50, Nr. 2 (02.09.2019): 215. http://dx.doi.org/10.26686/vuwlr.v50i2.5743.
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This article compares the development of the law and policy relating to collective aspects of labour relations in Australia and New Zealand over the last 30 years, taking account of historical, social, economic and political context. During that period, there have been many shifts and turns in the direction of regulation, although developments in each country have mostly responded to the broader rise of neo-liberalism in economic and social policy. In this article we examine the differing workplace reform agendas of Labor/Labour and Coalition/National governments in these two countries, alongside the competing policy objectives of these reforms (deregulatory versus protective), and assess the extent to which these reforms have encouraged, undermined, or reflected a position of "state neutrality" toward collective bargaining. In making this assessment, we reflect on similarities and differences in the trajectory of Australian and New Zealand regulation of collective labour relations, and the level of influence that developments in each country has had on the other.
20
Menz, Georg. „Patterns in EU labour immigration policy: National initiatives and European responses“. Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies 28, Nr. 4 (Oktober 2002): 723–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1369183021000032281.
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Bryan, Dick. „National Competitiveness and the Subordination of Labour: An Australian Policy Study“. Labour & Industry: a journal of the social and economic relations of work 11, Nr. 2 (Dezember 2000): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10301763.2000.10669235.
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Zimnyakova, Tatyana S., und Svetlana A. Samusenko. „International Experience in Assessing and Analysing Labour Productivity Indicators at the National and Regional Levels“. Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Ekonomika, Nr. 51 (2020): 5–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/19988648/51/1.
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It is statistically proven that high labour productivity ensures the competitiveness of the territory, the level and quality of life of the population. Therefore, policy makers are taking measures aimed to improve labour productivity both on national and regional levels. This policy needs scientific justification, so methodological issues are becoming more acute every day. The article presents a critical analysis of international experience in evaluating and analysing labour productivity indicators. The methods are classified and described in the article; the advantages and disadvantages of the methods are identified. In addition, the article provides examples of the empirical application of these methods.
23
Prymachonak, G., und O. Labeiko. „LABOUR ACTIVITY OF POPULATION WITH DISABILITIES AS AN INDICATOR OF BALANCED NATIONAL EMPLOYMENT POLICY“. Экономическая наука сегодня, Nr. 10 (11.12.2019): 70–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.21122/2309-6667-2019-10-70-78.
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The article expounds the theoretical and practical aspects of the national policy of population with disability support. It examines specific properties of labour potential’ formation of population with disability, employment methods and instruments of this population category, and mechanism of economic and financial support of its integration into labour activity. This, in turn, allowed to specify the goal, objectives and principles of the national policy in the sphere of employment support of the population with disability.
24
Jones, J. Barry. „The First Welsh National Assembly Election“. Government and Opposition 34, Nr. 3 (Juli 1999): 323–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1477-7053.1999.tb00484.x.
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THE WELSH LABOUR PARTY COULD HAVE ANTICIPATED THE FIRST elections to the National Assembly with a fair degree of equanimity, if not optimism. In the 1997 General Election, the party had won 55 percent of the vote and delivered on its promise of a devolution referendum which it won, albeit by a narrow majority. The architect of Labour's devolution policy, Ron Davies, the Welsh Secretary of State, who was widely respected within and beyond the Labour Party, had spoken of a new Welsh politics, with policy-making open to and inclusive of other Welsh parties. All this, however, was called into question by what Ron Davies subsequently described as his ‘moment of madness’ on Clapham Common in October 1998. Although the circumstances remain unclear, they resulted in his resignation from the post of Secretary of State and leader of the Welsh Labour Party. Alun Michael, a Cardiff MP and a minister at the Home Office, was appointed Welsh Secretary and subsequently endured a bitter and bruising leadership contest with Rhodri Morgan, during which claims were made that he was Blair's man, and not really an enthusiastic devolutionist but part of the Millbank control system. Large sections of the party were disillusioned by the process and serious questions were raised as to what extent disillusioned party activists would be involved in the Assembly election campaign.
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Dash, Bishnu Mohan, Lokender Prashad und Mili Dutta. „Demographic Trends of Child Labour in India: Implications for Policy Reforms“. Global Business Review 19, Nr. 5 (18.09.2018): 1345–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0972150918788626.
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The article highlights the situation of child labour using the Census data of Government of India from 1971 to 2011. This study has also utilized the National Sample Survey Organization 68th round data on employment and unemployment of child labour in India. In this study, bivariate and multivariate analysis has been carried out. The chi-square test has been used to study the association between child labour and various socio-economic characteristics. The multiple logistic regression technique has been used to find out the factors affecting child labour. All the analysis has been carried out in SPSS and STATA software. The article has highlighted the growth rate of child labour and its distribution with socio- economic characteristics and work participation rate of child labour in India. Using the logistic regression, the study has projected the estimates of child labour in India. Besides that, the article recommended various suggestions for the abolition and regulation of the incidences of child labour in India.
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FREITAS, H. N., und André Viana CUSTÓDIO. „As políticas públicas de enfrentamento do trabalho infantil no Brasil“. Passagens: Revista Internacional de História Política e Cultura Jurídica 16, Nr. 1 (16.02.2024): 93–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.15175/1984-2503-202416105.
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The main objective of this research is to analyze how public policies in Brazil are interconnected to prevent and eradicate child labor. It seeks to understand the legal protection against the exploitation of child labor, explore the Program for the Eradication of Child Labor and the National Policy related to it, and examine the responsibilities of the entities of the Rights Guarantee System in combating this issue. The central question of the research is: how does intersectoral coordination of public policies for this purpose occur in Brazil? The initial hypothesis suggests that there is a shared responsibility between the bodies of the Rights Guarantee System, organized through care, protection and justice policies, enabling joint and networked action through the National Plan and the Child Labour Eradication Programme, aimed at combating the causes and effects of child labour exploitation. The method used was deductive and monographic, using documentary and bibliographic research techniques.
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Linne, Karsten. „The “New Labour Policy” in Nazi Colonial Planning for Africa“. International Review of Social History 49, Nr. 2 (August 2004): 197–224. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002085900400149x.
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The National Socialist planning for a recolonization of Africa was based on a new social and labour policy and focused chiefly on the “labour question”. In designing their schemes, planners strove to mobilize wage labour and circumvent the much-feared “proletarianization” of the workers. The key problem in exploiting the African colonies had two main aspects: a shortage of manpower and migrant labour. Therefore, planners designed complex systems of organized, state-controlled labour recruitment, and formulated rules for labour contracts and compensation. An expanded labour administration was to ensure that the “deployment of labour” ran smoothly and that workers were registered, evaluated, and supervised. Furthermore, “white labour guardians” were to be assigned the responsibility of overseeing the social wellbeing of the African workers. As was evident not only in Germany but in the colonial powers, France and Great Britain, as well, these concepts all fit into the general trend of the times, a trend characterized by the application of scientific methods in solving social issues, by the increased emphasis on state intervention, and by the introduction of sociopolitical measures. Nazi planning was based on Germany's prewar politics but also reflected the changes occurring in German work life after 1933.
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Krasinets, Evgeny S. „Foreign labour in the russian labour market: Problems and decisions“. POPULATION 23, Nr. 1 (2020): 104–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.19181/population.2020.23.1.9.
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In the current conditions of economic and socio-demographic development of the Russian Federation, the role of migration processes in making up for the loss of labour potential and ensuring a sustainable and balanced growth of the economy is increasing. Of great relevance are becoming studies of the problems of labour market balance in their interaction with migration processes and development of practical measures in the field of improving the regulation of labour immigration. The article analyzes statistical material characterizing the trends in attracting and using foreign labor in the modern Russian economy. The peculiarities of the functioning of the national labour market are identified and revealed. Quantitative and structural imbalances in the labour market between labour demand and supply are analyzed. It is shown that the labour market is central among the socio-economic determinants of labour immigration. There is made an assessment of the state and dynamics of the processes of attracting and using foreign labour in connection with the analysis of trends in the situation at the labour market. The impact of labor immigration and its structure on the functioning of the labour market and employment is revealed. The ambiguous consequences of the use of foreign labour for development of the national economy were considered. The positive and negative effects of labour immigration were highlighted. A special attention was paid to development of the issues of improving the state migration policy in the field of labour immigration. The most problematic components of attracting and using foreign workers are shown. There is proposed the development of tasks related to overcoming the existing miscalculations in the labour immigration management practice. There are identified specific measures for solution of the existing problems of receiving foreign labour in order to ensure both short-term and long-term economic and geopolitical interests of the country's development. There are developed proposals and recommendations on the regulation of flows of foreign migrant workers.
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Henry, S. G. B., und S. Wren-Lewis. „The Labour Market“. National Institute Economic Review 115 (Februar 1986): 52–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002795018611500106.
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This paper summarises research on the labour market done over the past two years at the National Institute. It incorporates research into the determinants of employment—including the role of forward-looking behaviour—wage inflation and real wage models, and comments on some policy issues which have arisen in the past five years or so. The research was not aimed at producing a single approach to labour market behaviour, but touched on several separate topics. In part the present paper reflects this relative heterogeneity, although we will try to emphasise common themes where these are relevant.
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Wang, Zixuan. „The policy of permeation of Fabian Society into the National Health Service policy of Labour Party in the early 20th century“. SHS Web of Conferences 187 (2024): 03003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/202418703003.
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In pursuit of social reform, Fabian Society, a British Socialist Group, adopted the a policy of permeation of other parties. Under the influence of osmosis, Fabian Society, represented by Mr and Mrs Webb, exerted influence over Labour’s policy on the National Health Service, and in the continuous run-in to the national health service in part of the Labour policy and views with Fabian Society gradually convergence. By drawing on the positive experience of Fabian, combining the establishment of a jointly managed health system, the consolidation of redundant health services, the improvement of the administrative efficiency of government-related services, the development of voluntary hospitals and sanatoriums with the inherent commitment of the Labour Party to free health care for all, and the establishment of a public health sector at the national level, thus for the UK in the field of public health to establish a national medical social system to provide an excellent blueprint. Labour’s policies in the field of national health have profoundly changed the face of British society.
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Бурда und M. Burda. „Russia's Policy in the Sphere of External Labor Migration: Management Problems“. Administration 5, Nr. 2 (05.07.2017): 5–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/article_59537e447b96c2.84477889.
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The author analyzes the policy of the Russian Federation in the sphere of external labour migration, reveals the peculiarity of formation of the Russian labor market for foreign workforce, focusing on its basic focus on the integration model of the Eurasian economic Union and the Commonwealth of independent States. The article discusses the scheme of formation of migration policy and identifies a number of problematic issues of management of external labour migration, which the author attributed the imperfection of the migration system and peculiarities of political processes in the post-Soviet space. According to the author, this approach is not conducive to quality development of external labour migration, however, is one way of lobbying foreign policy interests in the post-Soviet space. In turn, Central Asian autocrats are interested in the maximum outflow of the economically dissatisfied citizens to prevent anti-state speeches. The quality of the existing risks management of external labor migration indicates the potential of growth of popularity of right-wing political forces and destabilization of the Russian political system. Taking into account the need to balance national security interests and supported by loyal Russian foreign political elites, the author proposes to separate the management of migration on the field of law enforcement and socio-economic part, which requires a political decision of government institutions. Proposed dualism in the author’s opinion, will promote increase of efficiency of counteraction of illegal migration and activation mechanisms, presence on the labour market demand for migrants. As a tool of migration management, the author highlights the Institute of international agreements, the potential of which is currently used does not fully.
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Sugawara, Emi. „Policy recommendations for Japan towards achieving labour CRS/ RBC“. Open Access Government 38, Nr. 1 (11.04.2023): 284–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.56367/oag-038-10667.
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Policy recommendations for Japan towards achieving labour CRS/ RBC The government's current policy can be improved. Therefore, it is an urgent task to create an overarching policy vision to help Japan on its journey towards Labour CSR/RBC. The study “Policy recommendations for Japan towards achieving the labour dimension of corporate social responsibility: Japan's national policy concerning business and human rights” (co-authors Prof. Emi Sugawara, Osaka University of Economics and Law and Ryusuke Tanaka, ILO Tokyo) analyses the norms developed in the context of international instruments, such as the United Nations Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights (UNGPs), and the dynamism of normative development led by diverse actors' implementation of those norms.(1)
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Simpson, Ludi. „National and local labour force projections for the UK“. Local Economy: The Journal of the Local Economy Policy Unit 32, Nr. 2 (16.02.2017): 129–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0269094217694345.
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Labour force forecasts are required by local planning, legally guided in the UK by regulations on land use. Methods of forecasting the labour force, and data available for UK practice, are reviewed here. A best strategy for sub-national forecasts of the labour supply is found empirically to involve an accurate national forecast with a local starting point. Key trends are the decreasing economic activity of young adults, the increasing activity of older adults and the impact of changing state pension age. However, there exists neither an acceptable national forecast of economic activity nor a standard approach to local forecasts. Software for implementation of sub-national forecasts is described, and six types of scenarios are listed to aid local planning, which reflect uncertainty about current trends and the impact of changes in policy. Research and development of forecasting the national and the local labour force is urgently needed.
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Vishnevskaya, Nina. „THE ROLE OF THE STATE IN THE RECOVERY OF THE LABOUR MARKET IN THE POST-PANDEMIC PERIOD (THE EXAMPLE OF OECD COUNTRIES)“. Public Administration Issues, Nr. 4 (2023): 150–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.17323/1999-5431-2023-0-4-150-172.
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The goal of this study is to analyze the features of the OECD labor markets’ recovery in the post-Covid period, evaluate various national strategies for overcoming the negative consequences of the coronavirus crisis in the field of employment, and assess public policy measures after the end of the acute phase of the pandemic in comparison with previous crises. To analyze the situation on the labour market in OECD countries in the post-pandemic period, the author used data from international statistical organizations, primarily the International Labour Organization, OECD and Eurostat, and publications of national statistical agencies. A comparative analysis of employment policies in OECD countries at the stage of post-Covid economic recovery allowed us to come to the conclusion that, firstly, measures aimed at maintaining support for affected industries and population groups were continued, and secondly, policies on resolving structural issues in the labour market, including strengthening labour mobility, restoring and expanding the system of professional retraining, and increasing the efficiency of the public employment service, were activated.
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Revenko, Nikolai Sergeevich. „International labor migration policy of the European Union“. Contemporary Europe, Nr. 5 (15.12.2023): 105–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s0201708323050091.
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The cross-border movement of labour is associated with an objective need for the host country to accept and comply with the relevant rules. This problem has always existed for the European Union and its member states due to the attractiveness of the region for migrant workers, relatively high standard of living and the widely diversified sectoral structure of the economy. Based on the analysis of the relevant directives, the article chronologises the stages of regulation of international labour migration in the EU with an emphasis on the present. Close attention is given to the EU regulatory practice of the issues of attracting highly qualified and seasonal labour third-countries workers, students and researchers, facilitating intra-corporate transfers. In this context the regulatory vector in the area of international labour migration to the EU is aimed at obtaining benefits from the influx of the necessary labour force through the creation of favorable conditions for its integration into European society. The implementation of Directive on the conditions of entry and residence of third-country nationals for the purpose of highly qualified employment will depend on the applicable practices of the EU member states. The study reveals the dualism of the economic effects of international labor migration received by the EU at present: positive in the form of a relative reduction in unit costs due to labor components, the flow of technological knowledge and negative ones associated with the displacement of part of local labor resources, the outflow of funds from foreign workers, changes in the structure of aggregate demand, the impact on the level of wages, aggravation of interethnic and interfaith conflicts against the background of a low level of integration of foreigners into local society.
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Rosamond, Ben. „National Labour Organizations and European Integration: British Trade Unions and ‘1992’“. Political Studies 41, Nr. 3 (September 1993): 420–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9248.1993.tb01647.x.
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The conversion of British trade unions to positive attitudes towards the European Community was a significant feature of British politics in the late 1980s. This article explains the origins of this policy shift and questions the received wisdom that short term opportunism was the primary motivating factor. The British trade union response to ‘1992’ was far from uniform and distinct factions can be identified within a policy coalition. The reasons for the durability and cohesiveness of this coalition are discussed along with the general shifts in thinking on the British Left and the developments in European integration which explain the general change of attitudes.
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Craig, Lyn, Killian Mullan und Megan Blaxland. „Parenthood, policy and work-family time in Australia 1992—2006“. Work, Employment and Society 24, Nr. 1 (März 2010): 27–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0950017009353778.
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This article explores how having children impacted upon (a) paid work, domestic work and childcare (total workload) and (b) the gender division of labour in Australia over a 15-year period during which government changed from the progressive Labor Party to the socially conservative National/Liberal Party Coalition. It describes changes and continuity in government policies and rhetoric about work, family and gender issues and trends in workforce participation. Data from three successive nationally representative Time Use Surveys (1992, 1997 and 2006), N=3846, are analysed. The difference between parents’ and non-parents’ total workload grew substantially under both governments, especially for women. In households with children there was a nascent trend to gender convergence in paid and unpaid work under Labor, which reversed under the Coalition.
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Kamilov, Oybek. „GLOBAL AND REGIONAL TRENDS IN MIGRATION, REMITTANCES AND THEIR IMPLICATIONS IN THE NATIONAL SEGMENT“. JOURNAL OF LAW RESEARCH 6, Nr. 9 (30.09.2021): 80–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.26739/2181-9130-2021-9-10.
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This article discusses aspectsand integration characteristics of international migration in the world and regions. Based on statistical information, the main trends of the migration movement and prospects for the development of the labor market are determined. The author analyzed the data on priority country directions of labor migration from Uzbekistan and the state of money transfers on aglobal, regional and national scale. Information on domestic legal policy and ratified internationalagreements is summarized. He proposed possible solutions to improve research tools in the study of migration processes.Keywords:labor migrants, international migration, migration corridors, sub-regions, positive effects, World Bank, remittances, pandemic, system of safe, orderly and legal labor migration, reintegration, International Labour Organization, сonvention, treaty, agreement
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HELLER, WILLIAM B. „Regional Parties and National Politics in Europe“. Comparative Political Studies 35, Nr. 6 (August 2002): 657–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0010414002035006002.
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Parties participate in national politics that do not pretend to national presence. The author asks whether such parties affect policy outcomes and concludes that they do, albeit in unexpected ways. Basically, nonnational parties influence policy making under certain conditions by trading policy for authority. They help national parties get the policies they want in return for transfers of policy-making authority to regional governments. This willingness to support national policies with minimal amendment makes regional parties attractive partners for national parties in government. The author examines this argument in light of detailed evidence from Spain's minority Socialist and Popular Party governments in the 1990s, along with discussions of the role of regionalism in Belgian politics and of the relationship between the Scottish Nationalist Party and the Labour Party in the United Kingdom.
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CLASEN, JOCHEN, DANIEL CLEGG und ALEXANDER GOERNE. „Comparative Social Policy Analysis and Active Labour Market Policy: Putting Quality before Quantity“. Journal of Social Policy 45, Nr. 1 (27.07.2015): 21–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047279415000434.
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AbstractIn the past decade, active labour market policy (ALMP) has become a major topic in comparative social policy analysis, with scholars exploiting cross-national variation to seek to identify the determinants of policy development in this central area of the ‘new welfare state’. In this paper, we argue that better integration of this policy field into social policy scholarship requires rather more critical engagement with considerable methodological, conceptual and theoretical challenges in order to analyse these policies comparatively. Most fundamentally, rather more reflection is needed on what the substantially relevant dimensions of variation in ALMP from a social policy perspective actually are, as well as enhanced efforts to ensure that it is those that are being analysed and compared.
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Fabong, Jemchang Yildam, Hope Adanchin M. Fabong und Gilbert Paul Igboechesi. „Review on the Reflection of National Health Financing Policy and Strategy on Nigerians towards Achieving Universal Health Coverage by 2030“. nternational Journal of Public Health Pharmacy and Pharmacology 8, Nr. 1 (15.05.2023): 10–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.37745/ijphpp.15/vol8n51025.
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Labour pain management is crucial for a comfortable childbirth experience. A range of options, including epidural anesthesia, breathing techniques, massage and positional changes, are available for managing labour pain. Factors such as maternal preference, stage of labour and medical conditions are considered when choosing the right approach. Effective labour pain management benefits both the mother and baby. This systematic review is aimed to identify best practices and gaps in managing labour pain and to provide recommendations for a comprehensive and effective capacity building program. The review analyzed relevant literature and data sources to assess the current state of midwifery education and practice in labour pain management. The results of the review indicate a need for a comprehensive and multi-faceted capacity building program that includes hands-on training, mentorship, and ongoing professional development opportunities for midwives. The study concludes that a well-designed and well-implemented capacity building program on labour pain management can improve the quality of care for mothers and newborns and enhance the competencies of midwives in Ekiti State.
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Ennis, Crystal A., und Margaret Walton-Roberts. „Labour market regulation as global social policy: The case of nursing labour markets in Oman“. Global Social Policy 18, Nr. 2 (07.11.2017): 169–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1468018117737990.
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This article examines global social policy formation in the area of skilled migration, with a focus on the Gulf Arab region. Across the globe, migration governance presents challenges to multiple levels of authority; its complexity crosses many scales and involves a multitude of actors with diverse interests. Despite this jurisdictional complexity, migration remains one of the most staunchly defended realms of sovereign policy control. Building on global social policy literature, this article examines how ‘domestic’ labour migration policies reflect the entanglement of multiple states’ and agencies’ interests. Such entanglements result in what we characterize as a ‘multiplex system’, where skilled-migration policies are formed within, and shaped by, globalized policy spaces. To illustrate, we examine policies that shape the nursing labour market in Oman during a period when the state aims to transition from dependence on an expatriate to an increasingly nationalized labour force. Engaging a case-study methodology including a survey of migrant healthcare workers, semi-structured interviews and data analysis, we find that nursing labour markets in Oman represent an example of global policy formation due to the interaction of domestic and expatriate labour policies and provisioning systems. The transnational structuring of policy making that emerges reflects a contingent process marked by conflicting outcomes. We contend that Oman’s nursing labour market is an example of new spaces where global social policies emerge from the tension of competing national state and market interests.
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Bennett, Fran. „Social Policy Digest“. Journal of Social Policy 25, Nr. 3 (Juli 1996): 395–417. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047279400023667.
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In November, the Secretary of State for Social Security announced that most benefits would go up in line with inflation (or, for means-tested benefits, the Rossi price index) in April (24:3/95, 1.1). He also announced other plans, including: cuts in housing benefit for single people under 25 renting privately; a freeze in one parent benefit and lone parent premium; and an increase in the childcare disregard for family credit (24:1/93, 1.3). There will be changes to national insurance contributions for the self-employed. The Labour Party was reported to be reviewing its policies on social security.
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Charest, Jean, und Guylaine Vallée. „Globalization and the Transformation of State Regulation of Labour: The Case of Recent Amendments to the Quebec Collective Agreement Decrees Act“. International Journal of Comparative Labour Law and Industrial Relations 17, Issue 1 (01.03.2001): 79–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/337852.
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To date, observers have noted that globalization affects state regulation and national labour policies by favouring the increased action of supranational bodies and creating pressures to reduce national labour standards. This paper explores how globalization also influences the process of policy-making in the field of labour. To that end, the authors examine recent amendments made to a Quebec law, the Act respecting Collective Agreement Decrees and the process that led to their adoption. In reviewing the changes that were made to the decree system, the authors argue that the argument of the international economic competitiveness of the enterprises became a legitimate criterion for evaluating labour policies and that it affected the negotiation process between state and non-state actors concerning the state regulation of labour.
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Taderera, Hope. „Occupational Health and Safety Management Systems: Institutional and Regulatory Frameworks in Zimbabwe“. International Journal of Human Resource Studies 2, Nr. 4 (29.10.2012): 99. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ijhrs.v2i4.2149.
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The discussion focuses on the Occupational Health and Safety Management System which was initiated by the International Labour Organization to facilitate the formulation, implementation and evaluation of occupational health and safety interventions at a national policy, sector and organizational level in all countries. It also focuses on Zimbabwe’s occupational health and safety policy, regulatory and institutional framework. The ILO’s OSH-MS 2001 was developed to provide a unique international model, compatible with other management system standards and guides, towards promoting occupational health and safety in a systematic manner. In Zimbabwe, occupational health and safety laws that are applicable to all employers and employees across sectors are enshrined within the Labour Act, Chapter 28.01, and the National Social Security Authority’s Accident Prevention Workers Compensation Scheme Notice No. 68 of 1990. Occupational health and safety management in Zimbabwe is pursued through the International Labour Organization’s Zimbabwe Office, the Ministry of Public Service, Labour and Social Welfare, the National Social Security Authority, and the Zimbabwe Occupational Health and Safety Council, which comprises government, employers and labour unions. It was recommended that Zimbabwe fully adopts the OHS-MS in all sectors, industries and organizations in an adaptive manner. The study also recommended systematic capacity building at a national, sectoral, industrial and organizational level to enhance effective, efficient and adaptive implementation of this tool, and continuous interaction and engagement between the ILO, Ministry of Labour and Social Welfare, EMCOZ, ZCTU and ZFTU for the realization of the highest standards of occupational health and safety in Zimbabwe.
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Pedersen, Jesper Hartvig. „Mainlines in Danish Labour Market Policy as presented in the Danish National Action Plan 1999“. International Journal of Comparative Labour Law and Industrial Relations 15, Issue 4 (01.12.1999): 383–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/256552.
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The primary aim of this article is to outline the main features of the Danish labour market and equal opportunities policies (chapters 2 and 3) as presented in the Danish National Action Plan 1999. By way of introduction, chapter 1 describes some main points concerning the Danish attitude towards the work within the European Community, the Danish strategy for growth and employment and the Danish labour market model. Finally, some viewpoints concerning the application of 'soft law' versus 'hard law' in the European Union are presented in chapter 4.
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Broderick, Eugene. „The corporate labour policy of Fine Gael, 1934“. Irish Historical Studies 29, Nr. 113 (Mai 1994): 88–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021121400018782.
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Corporatism or vocationalism had many advocates throughout Europe in the 1930s. Corporatists rejected the extremes of laissez-faire capitalism, with its attendant exploitation of workers, and totalitarian communism, with its emphasis on the doctrine of class struggle. They recommended a middle way between two hostile systems and sought to achieve social harmony by means of the establishment of corporations, representative of workers and employers, to regulate the various areas of national economic activity. These corporations were to secure co-operation between capital and labour, thus eliminating social conflict. In Ireland vocationalism had been popularised by the papal encyclical Quadragesimo anno, and it had strong proponents among certain elements in Fine Gael and the Blueshirts while both were under the leadership of General Eoin O’Duffy in 1933 and 1934. The spectacular failure of the Blueshirts and O’Duffy’s incompetence as Fine Gael leader resulted in the corporate-inspired Labour policy of Fine Gael, published in 1934, being ignored by historians. Yet it is worthy of attention, not least because it was the only significant policy formulation by vocationalists within Fine Gael. Furthermore, an examination of the proposals serves to illuminate reasons why corporatism and the Blueshirts were doomed to political failure.
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Weiss, Manfred. „International Labour Standards: A Complex Public-Private Policy Mix“. International Journal of Comparative Labour Law and Industrial Relations 29, Issue 1 (01.03.2013): 7–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/ijcl2013002.
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Starting from the assumption that international labour standards are more needed than ever before, the article outlines the achievements as well as the weaknesses of the International Labour Organization (ILO) and discusses reforms within this international body in order to increase its efficiency. But even if the ILO might reach its optimum it is only one element in a combined strategy. The ILO's efforts are to be supplemented by private actors. In this context, the codes of conduct of Multi-National Enterprises (MNEs) and in particular the International Framework Agreements (IFA) concluded between Global Union Federations (GUF) and MNE play a crucial role. The article attempts to assess the impact of these instruments and concludes by emphasizing the synergic effects of this public-private-policy mix.
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Farcy, Jean-Baptiste. „Labour Immigration Policy in the European Union: How to Overcome the Tension between Further Europeanisation and the Protection of National Interests?“ European Journal of Migration and Law 22, Nr. 2 (19.06.2020): 198–223. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15718166-12340074.
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Abstract This article critically assesses EU harmonisation in the field of labour immigration. It argues that EU directives are limited both in scope and intensity which explains their relatively low effectiveness and added value. Given the current political and institutional context, the article claims that a truly common labour immigration policy is unrealistic. Labour immigration remains a predominantly national prerogative and EU rules have done little to overcome normative competition between EU Member States. Looking forward, the EU should adopt complementary measures to Member States’ policies. The role of the EU in this sensitive policy area should be better defined and justified, in particular in relation to the principle of subsidiarity.
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VEZENTAN, Bianca, und Olimpia NEAGU. „THE LABOUR SHARE IN HOUSEHOLDS’ INCOME INEQUALITY IN ROMANIA“. ANNALS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF ORADEA. ECONOMIC SCIENCES 3, Nr. 1 (Juli 2023): 297–312. http://dx.doi.org/10.47535/1991auoes32(1)022.
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The aim the paper is to analyse the relationship between the labour share in the households’ income and inequality expressed by Gini coefficient in Romania during 1997-2020. Based on data from National Institute of Statistics of Romania, we provide evidence that high shares of labour income in total households’ income are associated with high values of estimated Gini coefficient and labour and wages share could explain households’ income inequality. We also highlighted the link of income inequality and income labour share to economic growth. Economic growth is associated with reducing levels of income inequality only in short periods of time. Policy makers should give attention to the evolution of labour share in the total income of households. Appropriate public policy measures regarding the improvement of labour market outcomes are required in order to prevent the rise of wage inequality.