Zeitschriftenartikel: „National Long-Term Perspectives Studies (Program)“

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Bucy, Taylor, John Mulcahy, Eric Jutkowitz und Tetyana Shippee. „Scoping Review: Home and Community-Based Service Waiver Programs and Person-Reported Outcomes“. Innovation in Aging 5, Supplement_1 (01.12.2021): 842. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igab046.3082.

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Abstract State Medicaid programs are rebalancing their long-term care spending from nursing home to home and community-based services (HCBS). Emphasis on person-centered and person-directed care warrants investigation into models of HCBS delivery that promote quality of life. We performed a scoping review of the literature to catalogue the breadth of the studies describing HCBS waiver programs targeting adults (18+). We identified 757 articles, and after duplicate removal and reconciliation, we excluded articles on children or adolescents, non-peer reviewed reports, international studies, and articles that did not describe HCBS waiver programs. After abstract and title review, 292 articles met our inclusion criteria. Most included articles (22.3%) were single state descriptive evaluations or evaluations of service use patterns among participants. 17.8% of included articles examined multi-state or national variation in program trends, while 17.1% made national program conclusions without a major focus on interstate comparison. Less common were studies examining integrated care or dual-eligibles (7.5%), PACE (3.4%), medication management (3.1%), quality and satisfaction of both consumer and caretaker perspectives (3.8%) and consumer-only perspectives (5.1%). The remaining articles focused on HIV (4.1%), TBI (1.4%) or ID/DD (14.4%) waiver programs. The 8.9% of articles addressing quality and satisfaction consisted mostly of interviews, either with state Medicaid administrators or with care recipients and/or caregivers. Consumer reported satisfaction and unmet care needs were the primary outcomes examined. Given the heightened focus on long-term care as a result of the ongoing coronavirus pandemic, this review justifies further exploration into the delivery and outcomes of state-directed HCBS waiver programs.

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Chang, E.-Shien, und Laura Mosqueda. „IDENTIFYING AND PREVENTING RESIDENT-TO-RESIDENT AGGRESSION IN LONG-TERM CARE: EMERGING GLOBAL PERSPECTIVES“. Innovation in Aging 7, Supplement_1 (01.12.2023): 44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igad104.0146.

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Abstract Resident-to-resident aggression (RRA) is a widespread form of mistreatment in long-term care facilities, affecting 1 in 5 residents every month. Despite its high frequency and adverse consequences for residents, staff, and family members, RRA remains under-recognized and insufficiently studied. Several reasons exist for this, including challenges in obtaining high-quality data to inform evidence-based prevention and intervention strategies. Improved understanding of RRA aligns with recent national policy imperatives to increase nursing home safety and quality of care. To accelerate knowledge-to-practice translation, this symposium highlights expertise from North America and Asia to review the latest evidence and experiences that characterize and improve RRA. Dr. E-Shien Chang will identify the role of racial and ethnic conflicts in RRA using data from the largest RRA prevalence cohort study of U.S. nursing home residents. Dr. Elsie Yan will examine resident and environment risk factors of RRA in Hong Kong, illustrating the needs for improved dementia care training among direct care workers. Dr. David Burnes will discuss barriers, successes, and lessons learned in replicating and adapting a gold standard U.S. based RRA prevalence study in the unique context of Canada. Dr. Karl Pillemer will describe a novel dissemination model to expand program reach of Improving Resident Relationships in Long Term Care (IRRL), an evidence-based RRA intervention program. Finally, Dr. Laura Mosqueda, as policy expert of long-term care services and discussant, will moderate a discussion on translating RRA research to practice and policy changes within the global contexts of long-term care. This is a collaborative symposium between the Abuse, Neglect and Exploitation of Older Persons and Research in Quality of Care Interest Groups.

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Zimmerman, Sheryl. „UNIVERSITY KENAN DISTINGUISHED PROFESSOR AND CO-DIRECTOR, PROGRAM ON AGING, DISABILITY, AND LONG-TERM CARE“. Innovation in Aging 7, Supplement_1 (01.12.2023): 454. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igad104.1494.

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Abstract The concept of person-centeredness -- simply stated, knowing the person in a holistic perspective and meeting the individual’s needs and preferences -- has become so ubiquitous in health and supportive care that it borders on being a cliché. More so, it is often not reflected in national surveys and databases; considered in relation to the capacity of varying systems of care; forward-thinking in terms of emerging realities; or dissected in reference to some of the nuanced and implicit issues responsible for bringing it to the forefront of national attention. This Kleemeier Award lecture will reconstruct the concept of person-centeredness based on literature review, questionnaires, interviews, forums, and think tank meetings with diverse experts. It is supported by National Institute of Aging through a grant to the Alzheimer’s Association’s LINC-AD.

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Cheng, Zijing (Flora), und Yue Li. „STATE GENEROSITY IN HOME- AND COMMUNITY-BASED SERVICES (HCBS): VARIATIONS AND IMPACT ON DEMENTIA OUTCOMES“. Innovation in Aging 7, Supplement_1 (01.12.2023): 455. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igad104.1498.

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Abstract To meet the needs of community-living older adults and reduce overall medical spending, home- and community-based services (HCBS) provide assistance and care for persons with significant physical and cognitive limitations. Together, Medicaid long-term services and supports (LTSS) coverage and the Title III program under the Older Americans Act (OAA) of 1965 support the majority of the HCBS for older adults living in the U.S. with low-income and/or disabilities. We evaluated state variations in generosity of supporting HCBS in recent years and how these variations affect the healthcare outcomes of community-living older adults and socio-economic and racial disparities in dementia outcomes. State HCBS generosity from the perspectives of program participation and intensity of services was defined by the exploratory and the confirmatory factor analysis with data from multiple sources, including state reports from the National Association of State Budget Officers. State data was linked to a nationally representative sample of older adults who enrolled in the Health and Retirement Study in 2020. Analyses revealed that overall state supports for HCBS increased over time in recent years while state Medicaid expenditures for institutional long-term care remained largely stable. State supports through both Medicaid and the OAA programs for HCBS varied substantially and persisted in recent years. Discussion will focus on instrumental variable analyses that determine the causal impact of state variations in HCBS generosity on health outcomes (i.e., unmet need; hospitalization) for persons living with dementia persons.

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Vroomen, Janet MacNeil, Isabelle Vullings, Miranda Langendam, Joost Wammes, Dionne Kringos, Bram Wouterse und Emiel Hoogendijk. „EVALUATING AGING IN PLACE LONG-TERM CARE REFORMS: A SCOPING REVIEW“. Innovation in Aging 7, Supplement_1 (01.12.2023): 1029. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igad104.3308.

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Abstract There is a global trend of reforming long-term care to enable aging in place making it one of the most pressing health policy issues in both high- and low-middle income countries. However, there is no agreement on what is a successful aging in place reform. A holistic perspective that includes clinical, social and economic indicators is required to evaluate these reforms. In this scoping review, we aim to determine the extent of literature on evaluating aging in place reforms. We used the guidance of the JBI Scoping Review Methodology Group to conduct the scoping review. Articles on evaluation of aging in place reform and reporting on any outcome, process or structure quality indicator were eligible for inclusion. The search strategy was performed in Ovid Medline, Ovid Embase, and Ebscohost Academic Search Premier. There were no restrictions on publication year, language, and study design. The search identified 8,107 records. A total of 84 articles met the inclusion criteria and were included in the scoping review. Most studies were quantitative, observational studies from high income countries, using national population level data or larger cohorts. Frequently reported indicators were: total expenditures on long-term care, program spending per capita, hospitalization rates, length of stay, and home care utilization. Less reported were older adult and informal caregiver related indicators like: health, well-being, informal caregiver hours, and sleeping hours. Policy makers can use our findings to develop appropriate strategies to evaluate and monitor their own aging in place reforms.

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Huesca, Gilberto, Adriana Rodríguez-Rosales, Vianney Lara-Prieto, Maria Ileana Ruiz-Cantisani und Joaquín Acevedo. „Effectiveness of Challenge-Based Learning in Undergraduate Engineering Programs from Competencies and Gender Perspectives“. Education Sciences 14, Nr. 3 (29.02.2024): 255. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/educsci14030255.

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Active learning strategies are widely studied, but perspective on their effectiveness in complete undergraduate studies or about their contribution to closing the gender gap are still required. Challenge-based learning has been around for more than a decade. However, results have been collected in limited time and application environments, for example, one semester or one activity in a course. In this work, we present a quantitative study that was applied to results of the National Center for the Evaluation of Higher Education’s Engineering Bachelor’s Degree Standardized General Examination of 4226 students comparing those who received a traditional educational model and those who received a challenge-based learning educational model. A statistical analysis of communication and disciplinary competencies found that the traditional educational model induces a greater marginal significant result in the test. Additionally, we found that female students perform better in communication competencies while male students perform better in disciplinary competencies. Our results confirm that challenge-based learning is as effective as a traditional educational model when applied during complete undergraduate studies while developing competencies like critical thinking, long-term retention, leadership, multidisciplinary teamwork, and decision-making. Challenge based learning is a prolific learning strategy for evolving into a new way of teaching in undergraduate programs.

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Khairul Muluk, Mujibur Rahman, und Lestari Eko Wahyudi. „Key Success in Fostering Human Development Index at the Local Level“. Otoritas : Jurnal Ilmu Pemerintahan 12, Nr. 2 (31.10.2022): 128–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.26618/ojip.v12i2.7665.

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Human Development Index (HDI) determines human prosperity in different countries using value assets. In general, the primary measurement includes the three basic indices, namely education, health, and a decent standard of living. HDI is a measure of development and governance success in terms of economic growth and human development. Generally, studies on HDI take place at the national and regional levels, and comparisons of its achievements between countries, while those at the municipal level are limited. Studies on the determinants of the success of increasing HDI tend to focus on local governments' fiscal capacity and political will and rarely touch the capacity of public administration in managing government, specifically in the development planning stage. This study examined the increased success of the Malang City's HDI by adopting a logical framework (log-frame) analysis with secondary data from the Malang bureau of statistics. The results showed an 80.89 increase in HDI from 2014 to 2018, including the education and health indexes, with a decent standard of living. The increased success is shown by the Regional Medium Term Development Plan (RPJMD), including basic education development program, regional public hospital service programs, and food security program for education, health, and purchasing power indices. Therefore, the local government needs to maintain and enhance the HDI in both medium- and long-term plans. The novelty of this study lies in the use of a logical framework in preparing regional development plans that support efforts to increase HDI consistently in the medium term. This reinforces the need to strengthen the perspective of how to achieve development goals compared to other studies that focus more on the perspective of the substance of development.

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Matthews, Kathleen, und Latrice Vinson. „A Transitional Care Model for Veterans With Complex Needs During COVID: The Behavioral Recovery Outreach (BRO) Team“. Innovation in Aging 5, Supplement_1 (01.12.2021): 45–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igab046.172.

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Abstract The Veterans Health Administration’s Care for Patients with Complex Problems (CP)2 Program developed a national infrastructure to disseminate promising practice models to improve care for Veterans with complex medical, mental health, and/or neurocognitive conditions, who may also have behaviors disruptive to care. A strategic priority is improving safe and effective transitions to community care for Veterans with complex care needs, many of whom have historically been limited to VA settings as a result of behavioral concerns. The Behavioral Recovery Outreach (BRO) Team was the first model identified for national dissemination and evaluation at partner sites. Developed at VA Central Iowa, BRO is an interdisciplinary team model that identifies Veterans in long-term VA care settings with complex care needs to engage in individualized behavioral programing to manage/stabilize behaviors and safely transition them to more appropriate and less costly community settings. This symposium will describe the BRO team model, highlight the facilitators and barriers to nationally disseminating the BRO model with VA partner facilities, discuss adaptations in continuing community transitions following the COVID-19 pandemic, and describe program outcomes. The first speaker will discuss development of the BRO model and outcomes of a regional dissemination. The second speaker will present results from the program evaluation of the national dissemination. The final speaker will describe BRO Team expansion and lessons learned from the perspective of a VA partner facility. The (CP)2 Program Director will integrate findings and highlight implications for scaling and evaluating promising models for national dissemination for policy, practice, and future research.

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Yamashita, Takashi, Flavius Lilly und Mio Kamijo. „DEVELOPMENT OF AN INTERNATIONAL GERONTOLOGY EDUCATION COURSE BETWEEN THE US AND JAPAN“. Innovation in Aging 7, Supplement_1 (01.12.2023): 328. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igad104.1093.

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Abstract Sociocultural aspects of gerontology education have received growing attention in recent decades, as globalization and population aging resulted in more diverse older populations across global communities. Accordingly, gerontologists must equip with cultural and international competencies for their future careers, regardless of the fields, such as health care, long-term care, research, and education. This presentation outlines a development and case study (2023) of an international gerontology education course designed for graduate students in the U.S. After the preparation sessions, students take a faculty-led two-week trip to Japan, which is known as a super-aging society with nearly 30% of the population is age 65 years and older, and visit multiple aging-related sites including government agencies, research and education organizations, local communities, industries (e.g., robotics) and cutting-edge programs (e.g., health care research incubation program). The presentation offers three components. First, the academic objectives, such as the enhancement of cultural competencies and cross-national perspectives in gerontology, are described. Second, the practical course development process, including curriculum construction, planning trips, professional networking, student recruitment, funding source, coordination between two countries, and outcome assessment strategies, are illustrated. Finally, using the course evaluation data (n = 13 graduate students from 9 aging-related programs) and qualitative data (journals and field notes), positive outcomes (e.g., increased interest in working with socio-culturally diverse older adults) and challenges (e.g., funding international travel; scheduling difficulty; language barrier) are evaluated.

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Franzosa, Emily, Lynette Kelley, Eileen Dryden, Lauren Moo und William Hung. „HEALTH SYSTEM LEADERSHIP PERSPECTIVES AND PRIORITIES ON CARE FOR OLDER ADULTS“. Innovation in Aging 7, Supplement_1 (01.12.2023): 1053. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igad104.3383.

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Abstract Innovative care models for older adults such as non-institutional and home-based care have the potential to improve quality and efficiency of healthcare, but adoption of these models requires resources from health systems. Health systems leaders can influence the relative priority of geriatric care and associated resource allocation. This influence is especially important for areas with limited resources such as in rural areas. We interviewed recently retired health system leaders about their experience and how priorities in health systems can be aligned to improve the quality and reach of geriatric care. We conducted qualitative interviews with 10 participants (40% female) using a snowball sampling strategy of geographically diverse, retired hospital, regional, and national leaders in the Veteran Healthcare system, the largest single-payer system in the US. Participants described how they managed myriad competing health system priorities by weighing and devoting attention and time to tackle the crises of the day, the numerous national mandates and directives, and the goals for the local hospital or system, as seen from their own perspectives. Alignment with performance metrics provides strong impetus for some health system leaders to determine their priorities. Incentives to encourage health systems leaders to prioritize and allocate resources aimed at long-term improvements in care could be important. Additionally, building relationships and maintaining trust amongst partners across facilities and offices is critical to initiating and growing geriatrics programs. This work highlights that influence must work on multiple levels to effect change in prioritization of care for older adults.

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Fennessy, Paul, Vanessa Clements und Olivia Hibbitt. „OP44 Robot-Assisted Surgery: Joint HTA To Inform Australian Policy And Funding“. International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care 35, S1 (2019): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266462319001107.

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IntroductionRobot-Assisted Surgery (RAS) has been available in Australia since 2003. There are 50 da Vinci RAS systems in Australia (18 in NSW and 12 in Victoria) with most in the private hospital sector. In Australia the capital cost of a da Vinci RAS system is up to AUD 4 million (USD 2.8 million), which excludes annual maintenance fees of AUD 250,000 (USD 175,000) and consumable costs of AUD 3,500 (USD 2,450) for each procedure.MethodsThe NSW Ministry of Health and Victorian Department of Health and Human Services commissioned a health technology assessment (HTA) to explore the benefits, risks and economic implications of surgical robotics, which involved a review of the peer reviewed literature, a cost benefit analysis of public sector patients who received RAS and broad stakeholder consultation to document current perspectives on RAS applications.ResultsRAS is as safe and effective as other surgical modalities when performed by sufficiently skilled surgeons, although evidence generally comes from small studies with limited follow-up time and few studies report long term mortality, morbidity or patient-reported outcomes. Comparative benefits of RAS are uncertain as most studies conclude little or no difference in procedure related or functional outcomes. While RAS reduces length of stay, which offers patient and health system benefits, this is insufficient to fully offset high capital and consumable costs currently charged to Australian providers. Government and clinical stakeholders identified that establishing an RAS service requires consideration of important factors, including: i) Governance is critical; ii) Higher case volumes may improve financial viability; and iii) a need for state-wide/national standards for surgeon training and credentialing.ConclusionsRAS is as safe and effective as other modalities when performed by skilled surgeons. However, uncertainty remains around long-term outcomes and clinical and cost effectiveness. An accredited training program, monitoring and evaluation will be critical to ensure outcomes data inform ongoing evidence assessment and government policy and investment.

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Jones, Chris N., Ben L. Morrison, Leigh JS Kelliher, Matthew Dickinson, Michael Scott, Claudia Cecconi Ebm, Nariman Karanjia und Nial Quiney. „Hospital Costs and Long-term Survival of Patients Enrolled in an Enhanced Recovery Program for Open Liver Resection: Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial“. JMIR Perioperative Medicine 4, Nr. 1 (01.02.2021): e16829. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/16829.

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Background The clinical benefits of enhanced recovery programs (ERPs) have been extensively researched, but few studies have evaluated their cost-effectiveness. Our ERP for open liver resection is based closely on the guidelines produced by the Enhanced Recovery After Surgery Society (2016). This study follows on from a previous randomized controlled trial. We also undertook a long-term follow-up of the patients enrolled in the original trial alongside an analysis of the associated health economics. Objective We aimed to undertake a health economic and long-term survival analysis as part of a trial investigating the implementation of an ERP for open liver resection. Methods The enhanced recovery elements utilized included extra preoperative education, carbohydrate loading, oral nutritional supplements, postresection goal-directed fluid therapy (LiDCOrapid), early mobilization, and physiotherapy (twice a day compared with once per day in the standard care group). A decision-analytic model was used to compare the study endpoints for ERP versus standard care provided to patients undergoing open liver resection. Outcomes obtained included costs per life-years gained. Resource use and costs were estimated from the perspective of the National Health Service of the United Kingdom. A decision tree and Markov model were constructed using results from our earlier trial and augmented by external data from other published clinical trials. Long-term follow-up was also undertaken for up to 5 years after the surgery, and data were analyzed to ascertain if the ERP conferred any benefit on long-term survival. Results Patients receiving ERP had an average life expectancy of 6.9 years versus 6.1 years in the standard care group. The overall costs were £9538.279 (£1=US $1.60) for ERP and £14,793.05 for standard treatment. This results in a cost-effectiveness ratio of –£6748.33/QALY. Patients receiving ERP required fewer visits to their general practitioner (P=.006) and required lesser help at home with day-to-day activities (P=.04) than patients in the standard care group. Survival was significantly improved at 2 years at 91% (42/46) for patients receiving ERP versus 73% (33/45) for the standard care group (P=.03). There was no statistically significant difference at 5 years after the surgery. Conclusions ERPs for patients undergoing open liver resection can improve their medium-term survival and are cost-effective for both hospital and community settings.

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Basori, Basori, Elva Riezky Maharany und Imam Rofiki. „The Sharing Approach to Teaching Cross-Cultural Understanding: Evidence from University Students’ Perspective“. Tadris: Jurnal Keguruan dan Ilmu Tarbiyah 8, Nr. 1 (30.06.2023): 137–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.24042/tadris.v8i1.15110.

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In the current global era, there is a distinct need for cross-cultural understanding (CCU) instruction. This study endeavored to explore participants' perspectives following the completion of a course designed to enhance students' CCU knowledge and appreciation for diversity through a sharing approach. Data were collected via questionnaires and reflection reports, which were distributed to university students through Google Forms. Utilizing an explanatory sequential design, the study involved 18 university students enrolled in the Nusantara Module. The findings indicated a positive acceptance of the sharing approach among the students. Furthermore, the students revealed that their sense of nationalism remained intact despite exposure to different cultures. These results have several implications, including a promising direction for the development of more effective CCU courses and the potential of educational programs to augment global understanding without undermining national identity. Nevertheless, further research is needed to validate these findings across diverse settings and demographics. Future studies may also explore the long-term effects of the sharing approach on students' attitudes towards cultural diversity.

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Lombardi, Patrizia, und Elena Todella. „Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis to Evaluate Sustainability and Circularity in Agricultural Waste Management“. Sustainability 15, Nr. 20 (14.10.2023): 14878. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su152014878.

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Agriculture is a major contributor to global anthropogenic emissions, such as waste production and greenhouse gases. In order to reduce these negative impacts, a circular economy should be applied to agriculture waste management. Processes for evaluating treatment and valorization options are fundamental to the implementation of long-term, economically viable, ecologically sound, and socially acceptable policies and practices. In this field, multi-criteria decision analysis methods (MCDAs) can offer a holistic perspective on the decision-making processes. This study deeply explores this area of research by conducting an extensive and critical review of the studies that have used MCDA approaches to support agricultural waste management. The aim is to better understand how MCDA methods have been applied (in an integrated manner or as complementary approaches) and how stakeholders have been involved. The research conducted underlines how MCDAs are now widely used to support decision-making in this area, as well as being increasingly applied in multi-methodologies. This study is part of an ongoing Next-Generation-EU-integrated, large-scale, multi-disciplinary research program, The National Research Centre for Agricultural Technologies.

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Kim, Eunyeop, Karen Kowalske, Kyra Jeanine Solis und Bingchun Wan. „118 Outcomes of Amputation Following Electrical Burn Injuries: A Five-Year Follow-Up“. Journal of Burn Care & Research 44, Supplement_2 (01.05.2023): S71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jbcr/irad045.091.

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Abstract Introduction Studies have acknowledged the prevalence of amputation in patients with electrical burns; however, the exact probability of amputation as a result of electrical injuries and the effect of amputation on the long-term health remain unclear. The purpose of this study was to analyze electrical burn survivors with amputation using a large multi-center database and assess their corresponding long-term physical and mental health, compared with a non-electrical burn population with amputation. Methods Retrospective reviews of burn patients from 1993 to 2021 were performed using the Burn Model System National Database, that yielded 408 patients with electrical etiology and 6341 with non-electrical etiology. The variables for analysis included the Veterans RAND 12-Item Health Survey and the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System 29, collected at discharge, six months, 12 months, 24 months, and five years post-burn. Results Electrical burn patients showed a higher amputation rate (30.3%) than non-electrical burn patients (6.6%) (p < 0.0001). Electrical burn patients with amputation showed significantly lower physical component scores (PCS=34.1) and physical function scores (PFS=37.1) at discharge than electrical burn patients without amputation (p < 0.05). No significant differences were found in mental component scores, anxiety, depression, sleep, or fatigue between patients regardless of burn type or amputation. Electrical burn patients experienced similar post-injury trends compared with non-electrical burn patients. Non-electrical burn survivors with amputation had the worst outcomes of all patient groups. The Hispanic population comprised the largest percentage of the electrical burn group (80%). Conclusions This study shows that patients with amputation need extra attention to their physical impairment at discharge. Early rehabilitation in electrical burn patients with amputation should be emphasized. Non-electrical burn survivors with amputation need the most support from both physical and psychological perspectives. This study like many others supports that regardless of burn etiology, all burn survivors require psychological support at discharge. The study also accentuates the need for better electrical injury prevention and rehabilitation program for those who speak Spanish. Applicability of Research to Practice More intensive and comprehensive interventions for electrical burn survivors with amputation in the earlier stages of rehabilitation can help ensure better long-term physical, psychological, and social outcomes. In contrast, rehabilitation plans for patients with non-electrical burns with amputation should concentrate more on the long-term management for up to a minimum of two years post injury, as these patients face significantly longer and severe difficulties than electrical burns patients with and without amputation.

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Dzus, Elston H., und Pat Cabezas. „Woodland caribou management in Alberta: historical perspectives and future opportunities“. Rangifer 27, Nr. 4 (01.04.2007): 257. http://dx.doi.org/10.7557/2.27.4.352.

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Woodland caribou conservation has been the topic of much debate for the past few decades. By the late 1970s there was growing concern about declining woodland caribou populations and the interaction between industrial activities and woodland caribou. Initial concerns led to the closure of the licensed hunting season in 1981. Early confrontation between government and industry in the late 1980s transformed into a series of evolving collaborative ventures. Improving our understanding of the basic ecology of woodland caribou in Alberta was at the center of early research efforts; more recent studies have examined the effects of industrial activities on caribou and effectiveness of various mitigation factors. Despite having amassed an impressive body of information from a research and monitoring perspective, progress on implementing effective management actions has been less dramatic. Industry has endured significant costs implementing a variety of perceived conservation initiatives, but caribou populations continued to decline through the last few decades. While some parties feel more research is needed, there is growing consensus that changes to habitat as induced by human activities are important factors influencing current caribou declines. Predation is a proximate cause of most caribou mortality. Climate change mediated alterations to habitat and predator-prey interactions remain a key source of uncertainty relative to future caribou population trends. Management actions will need to deal with long term habitat changes associated with human land use and short term implications of increased predation. In 2005, the provincial minister responsible for caribou conservation responded to the draft 2004 recovery plan and created the Alberta Caribou Committee (ACC). The goal of the ACC is to maintain and recover woodland caribou in Alberta’s forest ecosystems while providing opportunities for resource development, following guidance provided by the Alberta Woodland Caribou Recovery Plan, as qualified by the Minister of Sustainable Resource Development. The current and future challenge involves conserving and recovering caribou populations and habitat through use of knowledge-based processes, applied through existing or other mechanisms, as deemed appropriate. As outlined in the ACC terms of reference, this complex challenge is to be achieved in an atmosphere of co-operation and trust amongst participants. The mandate of the ACC is to bring together the expertise and experience of its members under a consensus-based partnership for the purpose of: 1) providing thoughtful advice to government and, 2 implementing or supporting approved caribou population and habitat conservation and recovery programs. The ACC provides advice to government regarding policy and program matters, but does not create government policy or programs. Compared to previous multi-stakeholder committees dealing with caribou in Alberta, the ACC has an expanded membership that includes representatives from aboriginal organizations, industry (forestry and energy sector), environmental non-government organizations, the scientific community, and the government of Alberta. In addition to the expanded ‘breadth’ in committee membership and mandate scope, is an increased ‘height’ of influence in that the governance board provides advice to the Alberta government through the Deputy Minister of Sustainable Resource Development (the provincial department responsible for land and wildlife management). This new collaboration brings new optimism for translating knowledge to effective cumulative effects management alternatives. For more information on the Alberta Caribou Committee see: http://www.albertacariboucommittee.ca/ While the federal government is not represented on the ACC, there are a number of opportunities exist for engagement of federal government agencies and personnel in the evolving caribou conservation arena. As woodland caribou are listed as a threatened species, there is an obvious role for Environment Canada to develop a national recovery strategy and administer the Species At Risk Act (including facilitating a definition of critical habitat). Additional opportunities for federal involvement include the development of strategies specific to lands under federal jurisdiction and, where appropriate, participation on landscape teams to develop management strategies for herds whose range crosses provincial and/or federal boundaries.

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Booth, Sarah, Haowei Wang und Roger Fielding. „INTEGRATING ANIMAL MODEL, HUMAN SUBJECTS, AND SOCIAL SYSTEMS IN NUTRITION AND AGING RESEARCH“. Innovation in Aging 7, Supplement_1 (01.12.2023): 89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igad104.0288.

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Abstract This symposium will bring together speakers who will present cutting-edge research on nutrition and aging from interdisciplinary perspectives using complementary methods. Nutrition plays an important role in understanding the biology of aging, promoting healthy aging, preventing age-related diseases, and supporting aging populations at risks. This symposium will present innovative studies using animal models, population surveys, and nutrition programs to inform future research and promote nutrition security and diet quality. Lee et al. examine sex-specific differences in gut homeostasis and host metabolism in female and male mice fed different rodent diets. Shea et al. and Ardisson Korat et al. focus on dietary quality and patterns in older populations. Using a novel network analysis, Shea et al. examine similarities and differences in the manner in which food groups are consumed in a nationally representative sample from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Ardisson Korat et al. utilize data from the Nurse’s Health Study and evaluate the long-term role of dietary carbohydrate quality in promoting healthy aging. Borth & Whitmire and El-Abbadi et al. investigate food insecurity and nutrition programs among older adults during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. Using data from US Census Bureau’s Household Pulse Survey (April 2020 to December 2022), El-Abbadi et al. explore the differences in food insecurity by age-groups, gender, and race and ethnicity. Borth & Whitmire conduct research on congregate nutrition programs to identify successful practices of nutrition programs during the pandemic and discuss challenges and directions in future congregate nutrition programs. This is a Nutrition Interest Group Sponsored Symposium.

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Dey, Uposoma, und Samiran Bisai. „The prevalence of under-nutrition among the tribal children in India: a systematic review“. Anthropological Review 82, Nr. 2 (01.07.2019): 203–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/anre-2019-0015.

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Abstract Tribal population of India constitutes 8.6% of the total population. They are more susceptible to undernutrition which is recognized as a prevalent health problem mainly because of their uncertainty of food supply, which has serious long term consequences for the child and adversely influences the development of the nation. The assessment of nutritional status is paramount importance because it impels to identify malnutrition which is an aggravation of morbidity and mortality. This review was aimed to find out the overall nutritional status of tribal preschool children. It also seek the major socio-cultural causes which influence the nutritional status from bio-cultural perspectives among the tribal children in India in order to make foundation of new research. In the present review, 41 papers on nutritional status of tribal preschool children published from January 1st 2000 till date, have been identified and included for analysis. To analyze the data, meta-analysis was done using MedCalc software. The meta-analysis revealed the average rate of prevalence of underweight, stunting and wasting among the preschool tribal children of India was 42.96%; 44.82% and 23.69%. Among the 41 different studies these rates vary among the different tribal groups of different states associated with their socio-economic status (10%), their cultures of food consumption (10%), maternal education (15%), child feeding practices (20%), dietary deficit during pregnancy (25%) and poor nutrition of the child (52%). Prevalence rate of under-nutrition and stunting is relatively high in comparison to WHO in India whereas, rate of wasting was lower in comparison to national level which reflect that immediate nutritional status was poor but chronic deficiency of nutrition was less. Nutritional education and short term appropriately planned nutritional intervention programs may also be useful for enhancing their nutritional status.

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Tivyaeva, Irina V., und Albina A. Vodyanitskaya. „English-to-Russian interpreting course in distance mode: Methodological issues and curriculum implementation challenges“. XLinguae 14, Nr. 1 (Januar 2021): 100–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.18355/xl.2021.14.01.09.

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As Covid19 spread around the world causing national lockdowns, millions of school and university students had to continue their studies in distance mode. The unplanned shift to online learning turned out to be a challenge to educators in many fields, the most problematic spheres being those that conventionally rely on face-to-face interactions. University programs in interpreting were among the worst affected ones as interpreter training requires conference equipment, direct tutor guidance and long hours of individual and group work. Adapting a graduate course in consecutive interpreting to the online format highlighted a number of methodological issues and curriculum limitations related to the specifics of the digital learning environment. Following a case-study design, this paper presents an in-depth analysis of positive and negative factors of mid-term transition to distant mode in interpreter training with a special emphasis on methodological and technological aspects of synchronous online teaching. In exploring the efficiency of the new format, the study relies on a threephase research procedure developed to monitor the transition process on the basis of pre-start screening, progress tracking and final evaluation data. The set of methods and tools employed to obtain and analyze research data includes student questionnaires, regular class observations, student self-assessment reports, open discussions and retrospective protocols. The study uses qualitative analysis in order to gain insights into advantages and disadvantages of the new format and assess its application perspectives. The findings suggest for a blended model and a need for developing the concept of digital didactics.

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Hull, Glynda A., und Emily A. Hellmich. „Locating the Global: Schooling in an Interconnected World“. Teachers College Record: The Voice of Scholarship in Education 120, Nr. 3 (März 2018): 1–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/016146811812000303.

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Background Educators in the United States and internationally have become increasingly interested in incorporating international perspectives into curricula, programs, and policy. Rooted in a long history of international education, these efforts have been described variously as “multicultural,” “democratic,” and “international.” In this article and our work, we use the term global education for this phenomenon in order to signal, along with others, an important shift in conceptualizing how to prepare students for a globalized world. Objective This article is an initial exploration of current global education efforts in the United States and internationally. The study asks, “How do schools instantiate the global?” and considers how particular schools incorporated global concerns into their mission, curriculum, pedagogy, and structure. Research Design The research design consisted of a qualitative case study of thirteen schools located in the United States and Asia. Data Collection and Analysis Data consisted of online document collection, semi-structured interviews with administrators, teachers, and students, and observations. Data analysis consisted of iterative rounds of open-ended as well as thematic coding. Findings Findings revealed seven strategies used by schools to integrate a global orientation. Two detailed case studies showcased the complexities inherent in implementing these strategies. Conclusions This article underscores the challenges that schools in the United States and internationally face in instantiating a global education, particularly the meaningful integration of technology, second/foreign languages, and service learning as well as making a global education available across socioeconomic groups. It calls for additional research on how to foster global orientations that position all young people to become cosmopolitan members of local, national, and worldwide communities.

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Lastovicka, Josef, Pavel Svec, Daniel Paluba, Natalia Kobliuk, Jan Svoboda, Radovan Hladky und Premysl Stych. „Sentinel-2 Data in an Evaluation of the Impact of the Disturbances on Forest Vegetation“. Remote Sensing 12, Nr. 12 (13.06.2020): 1914. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12121914.

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In this article, we investigated the detection of forest vegetation changes during the period of 2017 to 2019 in the Low Tatras National Park (Slovakia) and the Sumava National Park (Czechia) using Sentinel-2 data. The evaluation was based on a time-series analysis using selected vegetation indices. The case studies represented five different areas according to the type of the forest vegetation degradation (one with bark beetle calamity, two areas with forest recovery mode after a bark beetle calamity, and two areas without significant disturbances). The values of the trajectories of the vegetation indices (normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and normalized difference moisture index (NDMI)) and the orthogonal indices (tasseled cap greenness (TCG) and tasseled cap wetness (TCW)) were analyzed and validated by in situ data and aerial photographs. The results confirm the abilities of the NDVI, the NDMI and the TCW to distinguish disturbed and undisturbed areas. The NDMI vegetation index was particularly useful for the detection of the disturbed forest and forest recovery after bark beetle outbreaks and provided relevant information regarding the health of the forest (the individual stages of the disturbances and recovery mode). On the contrary, the TCG index demonstrated only limited abilities. The TCG could distinguish healthy forest and the gray-attack disturbance phase; however, it was difficult to use this index for detecting different recovery phases and to distinguish recovery phases from healthy forest. The areas affected by the disturbances had lower values of NDVI and NDMI indices (NDVI quartile range Q2–Q3: 0.63–0.71; NDMI Q2–Q3: 0.10–0.19) and the TCW index had negative values (Q2–Q3: −0.06–−0.05)). The analysis was performed with a cloud-based tool—Sentinel Hub. Cloud-based technologies have brought a new dimension in the processing and analysis of satellite data and allowed satellite data to be brought to end-users in the forestry sector. The Copernicus program and its data from Sentinel missions have evoked new opportunities in the application of satellite data. The usage of Sentinel-2 data in the research of long-term forest vegetation changes has a high relevance and perspective due to the free availability, distribution, and well-designed spectral, temporal, and spatial resolution of the Sentinel-2 data for monitoring forest ecosystems.

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Sretić, Stefan. „Program content in relation with compositional and technical solutions found in piano pieces by Modest Mussorgsky“. Artefact 7, Nr. 1 (2021): 33–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/artefact2101033s.

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The thesis focuses on the analysis of three program pieces - Catacombs, The Hut on Hen's Legs (Baba Yaga) and The Great Gate of Kiev from the Modest Mussorgsky's piano suite Pictures at an Exhibition. A starting point is the analysis of the wider context out of which the mentioned pieces originated which throws light on the stylistic characteristics of Romanticism, and provides grounds for a detailed pondering on the artistic creations of the iconic composer. The study can be valuable for the pianists and musical pedagogists, as the analysis in its essence explores the ways of interpretation of the mentioned compositions. The article PROGRAM CONTENT IN RELATION WITH COMPOSITIONAL AND TECHNICAL SOLUTIONS FOUND IN PIANO PIECES BY MODEST MUSSORGSKY consists of the following chapters: Introduction, Modest Mussorgsky - Features of Artistic Oeuvre and Musical Language, Pictures at an Exhibition: Catacombs, The Hut on Hen's Legs (Baba Yaga) and The Great Gate of Kiev - Analysis of the Contents and Performance Aspects, Conclusion and References. The introductory part offers an explanation of the research framework, presents the research methods and objectives and gives a short review of the literature used for the study. The following chapters are drafted in such a way as to offer to the reader the important information on the characteristics of Mussorgsky's oeuvre in order to provide for a well-founded introspection of the selected compositions. The central part of the thesis is reserved for the analysis of the compositions, first by presenting their program content, and then by focusing on its bonds with compositional and technical solutions found in each piece. In order to come up with fuller consideration of the employed means of expression and their role in evoking the specific contents, the work offers the author's own solutions, all backed up by notational examples and explanations. The piano suite Pictures at an Exhibition by Mussorgsky is a work of exceptional value, very inspiring for the performer. Pieces contrast with each other in tempo, character, as well as harmonic and expressive means. In addition to achieving it's unity, it is important that each piece is well conceived, that the main points are singled out and that the narrative of each piece is recognized and complied in the interpretation. Taking into account the atmosphere of the piece Catacombs, the performer should keep the chords long enough and move from one to the other without haste. Another important element of the performance is the acoustic connection of the chords without interruption and being out of context, so it is important to listen well to each chord, with a special focus on the sound level just before the next one. Baba Jaga's flight in a large attic is characterized by a constant vertical in the texture, largely composed of octaves and massive chords, frequent leaps and rapid changes of the register along the entire keyboard. In order to evoke the fierce and evil nature of the character, the composer establishes a characteristic rhythmic scheme. The witch's impatient and angry steps are represented by accents on the weak parts of the beat. The invoice is composed of unison, doubled or tripled octaves. With its sumptuous sound, in full piano capacity, the piece The great gate of Kiev completes the work in an imposing way. Inspired by folklore and church motifs, the composer pays tribute to the Russian people, historical heritage, tradition and cultural values. The grand fi nale opens with the long chords of E-flat major, a key that has often been associated with heroism and fame in the history of music. The massive sonority and triumphant character of this theme, which also closes the cycle, can be connected with the sound of a Russian folk melody sung by large masses of people, in a way that symbolizes the vitality of the national spirit. Mussorgsky's melodic line is characterized by a wide range of expressions, in accordance with the aesthetic and psychological principles of individual paintings; it less often contains "long breath" or longer motion in one direction. Of the selected pieces in this work, except in The great gate of Kiev, the melodic lines are mostly comprised of short motifs. The rhythmic component is extremely important for certain pieces of the cycle (among which is certainly baba yaga). Harmony includes unusual and frequent changes of tonal centers, as well as the appearance of modality. Particularly expressive properties of harmony can be observed in the Catacombs, where dissonances are supported by sharp dynamic extremes, with the aim of evoking the psychological state of the observer in the eclipse of ancient Christian hiding places and tombs. The fi nal considerations, which are focused on the contribution of the research, offer possible perspectives for further studies of pianistic poetics as a means of interpretation of program compositions. I believe that my research has contributed to the elucidation of possible perspectives for further reflections on pianistic poetics in the service of interpreting and evoking compositions of a programmatic character. Also, I hope that this work will be useful to all pianists who are looking for their own solutions and personal path to achieving high creative and artistic achievements.

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Priyanto, Yumnaa Adina Ulfah, und Tomy Andrianto. „Long-term Impacts of Tourism Student Exchange Program“. Journal of Tourism Sustainability 2, Nr. 1 (28.04.2022): 11–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.35313/jtospolban.v2i1.19.

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The student exchange program as part of educational tourism certainly provides added value and benefits that contribute to sustainable tourism development. This study aims to identify the long-term impact of tourism student exchange programs in ASEAN. Student exchanges provide students with the opportunity to gain in-depth insight into global perspectives and cross-cultural understanding especially related to tourism studies. This study uses a qualitative method by interviewing seven informants enrolled in the program in the period of 2018 to 2019 to Thailand and Malaysia. Descriptive analysis of the first code cycle is used to analyze and answer the research objectives. As a result, students sense long-term changes from the program as improving communication in foreign languages, self-confidence, sense of independence, and responsibility in decision-making or participant actions, priorities for the future, and intercultural understanding.

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Hapidin, R. Sri Martini Meilanie und Eriva Syamsiatin. „Multi Perspectives on Play Based Curriculum Quality Standards in the Center Learning Model“. JPUD - Jurnal Pendidikan Usia Dini 14, Nr. 1 (30.04.2020): 15–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.21009/jpud.141.02.

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Playing curriculum development based on early childhood learning is a major issue in international early childhood education discussions. This study aims to look at the concepts and practices of play-based curriculum in early childhood education institutions. The study uses qualitative methods with the CIPP model program evaluation on play-based curriculum. Data collection techniqueswere carriedout using participatory observation, document studies and interviews. Participants are early childhood educators, early childhood and parents. The results found that the play-based curriculum has not yet become the main note in the preparation and development of concepts and learning practices in early childhood. Play-based curriculum quality standards have not provided a solid and clear concept foundation in placing play in the center of learning models. Other findings the institution has not been able to use the DAP (Developmentally Appropriate Practice) approach fully, and has not been able to carry out the philosophy and ways for developing a curriculum based on play. However, quite a lot of research found good practices implemented in learning centers in early childhood education institutions, such as develop children's independence programs through habituation to toilet training and fantasy play. Keywords: Play Based Curriculum, Center Learning Model, Curriculum Quality Standards, Early Childhood Education Reference Alford, B. L., Rollins, K. B., Padrón, Y. N., & Waxman, H. C. (2016). Using Systematic Classroom Observation to Explore Student Engagement as a Function of Teachers’ Developmentally Appropriate Instructional Practices (DAIP) in Ethnically Diverse Pre- kindergarten Through Second-Grade Classrooms. Early Childhood Education Journal, 44(6), 623–635. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10643-015-0748-8 Ali, E., Kaitlyn M, C., Hussain, A., & Akhtar, Z. (2018). the Effects of Play-Based Learning on Early Childhood Education and Development. Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences, 7(43), 4682–4685. https://doi.org/10.14260/jemds/2018/1044 Ashiabi, G. S. (2007). Play in the preschool classroom: Its socioemotional significance and the teacher’s role in play. Early Childhood Education Journal, 35(2), 199–207. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10643-007-0165-8 Berk, L. E., & Meyers, A. B. (2013). The role of make-believe play in the development of executive function. American Journal of Play, 6(1), 98–110. Bodrova, E., Germeroth, C., & Leong, D. J. (2013). Play and Self-Regulation: Lessons from Vygotsky. American Journal of Play, 6(1), 111–123. Retrieved from http://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ1016167 Chien, N. C., Howes, C., Burchinal, M., Pianta, R. C., Ritchie, S., Bryant, D. M., ... Barbarin, O. A. (2010). Children’s classroom engagement and school readiness gains in prekindergarten. Child Development, 81(5), 1534–1549. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8624.2010.01490.x Cortázar, A. (2015). Long-term effects of public early childhood education on academic achievement in Chile. Early Childhood Research Quarterly, 32, 13–22. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecresq.2015.01.003 Danniels, E., & Pyle, A. (2018). Defining Play-based Learning. In Encyclopedia on Early Childhood Development (Play-Based, pp. 1–5). OISE University of Toronto. Ejuu, G., Apolot, J. M., & Serpell, R. (2019). Early childhood education quality indicators: Exploring the landscape of an African community perspective. Global Studies of Childhood. https://doi.org/10.1177/2043610619832898 Faas, S., Wu, S.-C., & Geiger, S. (2017). The Importance of Play in Early Childhood Education: A Critical Perspective on Current Policies and Practices in Germany and Hong Kong. Global Education Review, 4(2), 75–91. Fisher, K. R., Hirsh-Pasek, K., Newcombe, N., & Golinkoff, R. M. (2013). Taking shape: Supporting preschoolers’ acquisition of geometric knowledge through guided play. Child Development, 84(6), 1872–1878. https://doi.org/10.1111/cdev.12091 Hennessey, P. (2016). Full – Day Kindergarten Play-Based Learning : Promoting a Common Understanding. Education and Early Childhood Development, (April), 1–76. Retrieved from gov.nl.ca/edu Holt, N. L., Lee, H., Millar, C. A., & Spence, J. C. (2015). ‘Eyes on where children play’: a retrospective study of active free play. Children’s Geographies, 13(1), 73–88. https://doi.org/10.1080/14733285.2013.828449 Jay, J. A., & Knaus, M. (2018). Embedding play-based learning into junior primary (Year 1 and 2) Curriculum in WA. Australian Journal of Teacher Education, 43(1), 112–126. https://doi.org/10.14221/ajte.2018v43n1.7 Kathy, E. (2016). Play-based versus Academic Preschools. Parent Cooperative Preschool International, 1–3. Klenowski, V., & Wyatt-Smith, C. (2012). The impact of high stakes testing: The Australian story. Assessment in Education: Principles, Policy and Practice, 19(1), 65–79. https://doi.org/10.1080/0969594X.2011.592972 Martlew, J., Stephen, C., & Ellis, J. (2011). Play in the primary school classroom? The experience of teachers supporting children’s learning through a new pedagogy. Early Years, 31(1), 71– 83. https://doi.org/10.1080/09575146.2010.529425 Mcginn, A. (2017). Play-based early childhood classrooms and the effect on pre-kindergarten social and academic achievement (University of Northern Iowa). Retrieved from https://scholarworks.uni.edu/grp Miller, E., & Almon, J. (2009). Crisis in the Kindergarten. Why children need to to Play in School. In Alliance for childhood. Retrieved from www.allianceforchildhood.org. Özerem, A., & Kavaz, R. (2013). Montessori Approach in Pre-School Education and Its Effects. Tojned The Online Journal of New Horizons in Education, 3(3), 12–25. Pendidikan, K., & Kebudayaan, D. A. N. Menteri Pendidikan Dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia Nomor 137 Tahun 2013 Tentang Standar Nasional Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini. , (2015). Peng, Q. (2017). Study on Three Positions Framing Kindergarten Play-Based Curriculum in China: Through Analyses of the Attitudes of Teachers to Early Linguistic Education. Studies in English Language Teaching, 5(3), 543. https://doi.org/10.22158/selt.v5n3p543 Pyle, A., & Bigelow, A. (2015). Play in Kindergarten: An Interview and Observational Study in Three Canadian Classrooms. Early Childhood Education Journal, 43(5), 385–393. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10643-014-0666-1 Pyle, A., & Danniels, E. (2017). A Continuum of Play-Based Learning: The Role of the Teacher in Play-Based Pedagogy and the Fear of Hijacking Play. Early Education and Development, 28(3), 274–289. https://doi.org/10.1080/10409289.2016.1220771 Reid, A. (2009). Is this a revolution?: A critical analysis of the Rudd government’s national education agenda. Curriculum Perspectives, 29(3), 1–13. Ridgway, A., & Quinones, G. (2012). How do early childhood students conceptualize play-based curriculum? Australian Journal of Teacher Education, 37(12), 46–56. https://doi.org/10.14221/ajte.2012v37n12.8 Rogers, S., & Evans, J. (2007). Rethinking role play in the Reception class. Educational Research, 49(2), 153–167. https://doi.org/10.1080/00131880701369677 Samuelsson, I. P., & Johansson, E. (2006). Play and learning-inseparable dimensions in preschool practice. Early Child Development and Care, 176(1), 47–65. https://doi.org/10.1080/0300443042000302654 Saracho, O. N. (2010). Children’s play in the visual arts and Literature. Early Child Development and Care. Saracho, O. N. (2013). An integrated play-based curriculum for young children. In An Integrated Play-Based Curriculum for Young Children. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203833278 Stufflebeam, D. L. (2003). The CIPP model for evaluation. In Oregon Program Evaluators Network (pp. 31–62). https://doi.org/doi:10.1007/978-94-010-0309-4_4 Sturgess, J. (2003). A model describing play as a child-chosen activity - Is this still valid in contemporary Australia? Australian Occupational Therapy Journal, 50(2), 104–108. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-1630.2003.00362.x Taylor, M. E., & Boyer, W. (2020). Play-Based Learning: Evidence-Based Research to Improve Children’s Learning Experiences in the Kindergarten Classroom. Early Childhood Education Journal, 48(2), 127–133. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10643-019-00989-7 Thompson, G. (2013). NAPLAN, myschool and accountability: Teacher perceptions of the effects of testing. International Education Journal, 12(2), 62–84. van Oers, B. (2012). Developmental education for young children: Concept, practice and implementation. Developmental Education for Young Children: Concept, Practice and Implementation, 1–302. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-4617-6 van Oers, B. (2015). Implementing a play-based curriculum: Fostering teacher agency in primary school. Learning, Culture and Social Interaction, 4, 19–27. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lcsi.2014.07.003 van Oers, B., & Duijkers, D. (2013). Teaching in a play-based curriculum: Theory, practice and evidence of developmental education for young children. Journal of Curriculum Studies, 45(4), 511–534. https://doi.org/10.1080/00220272.2011.637182 Wallerstedt, C., & Pramling, N. (2012). Learning to play in a goal-directed practice. Early Years, 32(1), 5–15. https://doi.org/10.1080/09575146.2011.593028 Weisberg, D. S., Zosh, J. M., Hirsh-Pasek, K., & Golinkoff, R. M. (2013). Talking it up: Play, langauge, and the role of adult support. American Journal of Play, 6(1), 39–54. Retrieved from http://www.journalofplay.org/issues/6/1/article/3-talking-it-play-language- development-and-role-adult-support Wong, S. M., Wang, Z., & Cheng, D. (2011). A play-based curriculum: Hong Kong children’s perception of play and non-play. International Journal of Learning, 17(10), 165–180. https://doi.org/10.18848/1447-9494/cgp/v17i10/47298

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Mitchell, Murray F., Hal A. Lawson, Hans van der Mars und Phillip Ward. „Chapter 6: Perspectives on the Future of Doctoral Programs“. Journal of Teaching in Physical Education 40, Nr. 3 (01.07.2021): 392–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jtpe.2020-0244.

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What does the future hold for Doctoral Programs for Physical Education Teacher Education (D-PETE) programs, faculty, and doctoral students? What can D-PETE faculty prioritize and do to create a more desirable future for D-PETE, PETE, and school physical education programs? What are the main facilitators, constraints, and barriers? Framed by these three questions, this chapter offers an action-oriented analysis of doctoral programs. Alongside physical education-specific program priorities influential factors in the external environment merit attention, including regional and state accreditation, neoliberal forces for accountability, the regulatory environment, program standards and national rankings, and declining enrollments. Mindful of alternative perspectives and university- and program-specific action plans, a dual priority appears to be crosscutting. Every D-PETE program needs to reflect theoretically sound and evidence-based practices, and D-PETE graduates need to be prepared to advance these practices after graduation. Toward these ends, it is timely to work toward consensus on a core knowledge base, explore how best to share resources across university boundaries, and join forces to solidify and safeguard appropriate practices. Today’s choices have short- and long-term consequences for each program and the profession overall, recommending that national priorities gain prominence alongside local program traditions and D-PETE faculty practices.

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Burzykowska, Anna. „Transnational Satellite Technology Transfers – European Case Studies“. Air and Space Law 32, Issue 2 (01.04.2007): 121–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/aila2007015.

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This article illustrates the mechanisms regulating the transnational transfer of satellite technology in Europe on international, regional and national level. The author attempts to define binding political determinants, legal prerequisites, benefits and weaknesses of current practices and the impact of the commercialization of the space sector on the current scheme of transnational technology transfers within the short and long-term perspectives. Moreover the existing multilateral ‘dual use’ export control regimes and three national case studies are used to visualize the balance between the theory and practice of European regional cooperation in space.

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Hetling, Andrea, Amy Dunford, Sarah Lin und Emily Michaelis. „Long-Term Housing and Intimate Partner Violence“. Affilia 33, Nr. 4 (30.05.2018): 526–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0886109918778064.

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For survivors of intimate partner violence (IPV), safe, affordable, long-term housing is a critical aspect of establishing a life free from abuse. New permanent housing models for IPV survivors, which are emerging across the United States, are designed to meet the basic need of shelter and must at the same time be focused on meeting the needs of survivors of IPV. Using an in-depth qualitative case study of a new supportive housing program serving 10 IPV survivors and their children, our research project examines how housing helps residents heal from trauma. We use constructivist grounded theory and a feminist perspective to give voice to the women and construct an in-depth understanding of their perspectives. Data collection spanned 7 months and included two rounds of individual interviews and four focus groups. Data analysis utilized open-ended coding and constant comparison to inform theories on trauma and trauma-informed care. Our findings indicate that safe, affordable housing is related to the ability of IPV survivors to recover from past trauma. Based on our findings, theories and practice frameworks should consider housing stability as an integral component in the healing process. We also discuss policy and practice implications to incorporate trauma-informed practices in housing models.

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Murgescu, Bogdan, Viorel Proteasa und Jan Sadlak. „Long term perspectives on higher education: student movements, human capital and expert culture“. International Review of Social Research 8, Nr. 1 (01.06.2018): 7–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/irsr-2018-0002.

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Abstract This special issue aims at providing an empirical, analytically grounded perspective on foremost European higher education, while pointing at historical references, path-dependencies, critical junctures, and “original” institutional settings determined by the interaction of new forms with historical legacies. The contributions collected depict different facets of long term transformations of higher educations and, in some cases, their interplay with critical moments characterized by ample and abrupt transformations. Geographically, this issue includes study-cases localized in Central and Eastern Europe (the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland and Romania), Western Europe (Italy and Germany) and Africa (Ghana). One of the express aims of the special issue is to bring together analyses focusing on national and/or local case studies, which have the potential to constitute the basis for comparative analysis.

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Jommi, Claudio, Federico Pantellini, Giovanni Giuliani und Marianna Cavazza. „The economic impact of 14 compassionate use programs for medicines in Italy, in the perspective of the National Health Service“. Global and Regional Health Technology Assessment 11, Nr. 1 (21.05.2024): 115–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.33393/grhta.2024.2735.

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Background: Compassionate use programs (CUP) for medicines allow patients, not recruited in trials, accessing medicines before marketing approval. The evidence on the economic impact of CUP is limited to one paper that did not include the possible long-term economic impact of medicines used in CUP compared to alternative treatments, like avoided hospitalization costs. This paper aims at covering this information gap, updating and integrating the existing evidence, with a cost analysis in the perspective of the Italian National Health Service (SSN). Methods: Data were retrieved from the Roche CUP Database, the peer-reviewed literature (e.g. published cost-effectiveness studies, if any), the gray literature (e.g. regional documents for the alternative treatment cost) and unpublished data (e.g. cost-effectiveness analysis provided for price and reimbursement negotiation for medicines in CUP). Results: We retrieved data from 14 CUPs and 3,485 patients (70% affected by tumors) (Jan 2015-August 2022). The alternative treatment mean cost per patient ranged from € 11.1 k to € 18.8 k. The net economic benefit ranged from € 47 million to € 75 million (€ 13.5 k-€ 21.5 k per patient). Avoiding alternative treatments mostly contributes to the economic benefit. The long-term economic impact accounted for 20/30% of the net economic impact. The net economic benefit for cancer drugs ranged from € 12.6 million to € 40.0 million. Conclusions: Despite research limitations, this paper provides additional evidence on the economic impact of CUP in Italy. This could represent the first step of a broader analysis of the economic impact of early access schemes for drugs.

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West, John B. „Historical Perspectives: Physiology in microgravity“. Journal of Applied Physiology 89, Nr. 1 (01.07.2000): 379–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.2000.89.1.379.

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Studies of physiology in microgravity are remarkably recent, with almost all the data being obtained in the past 40 years. The first human spaceflight did not take place until 1961. Physiological measurements in connection with the early flights were crude, but, in the past 10 years, an enormous amount of new information has been obtained from experiments on Spacelab. The United States and Soviet/Russian programs have pursued different routes. The US has mainly concentrated on relatively short flights but with highly sophisticated equipment such as is available in Spacelab. In contrast, the Soviet/Russian program concentrated on first the Salyut and then the Mir space stations. These had the advantage of providing information about long-term exposure to microgravity, but the degree of sophistication of the measurements in space was less. It is hoped that the International Space Station will combine the best of both approaches. The most important physiological changes caused by microgravity include bone demineralization, skeletal muscle atrophy, vestibular problems causing space motion sickness, cardiovascular problems resulting in postflight orthostatic intolerance, and reductions in plasma volume and red cell mass. Pulmonary function is greatly altered but apparently not seriously impaired. Space exploration is a new frontier with long-term missions to the moon and Mars not far away. Understanding the physiological changes caused by long-duration microgravity remains a daunting challenge.

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Smetanka, Lori, Chenguang Du, Pamela Teaster und Kathryn Ratliff. „COVID-19 and the Long-Term Care Ombudsman Program: Findings From a National Study“. Innovation in Aging 5, Supplement_1 (01.12.2021): 86–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igab046.331.

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Abstract The purpose of our study was to explore changes for long-term care ombudsman programs across the country in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. The study team explored the effect of COVID-19 on programs: cases, resident engagement, complaint Investigation and resolution, services, complaints, changes in visitation, and preparedness plans. The research team developed survey items and beta-tested them with state and local LTCOs prior to distributing the survey nationally to State Long-Term Care Ombudsman and Local Long-Term Care Ombudsman in order to characterize experiences of the participants. From 62 state LLTC respondents we learned there were 81.0% fewer cases received, 97.36% were less able to engage with residents, 78.95% were less involved in the engagement of residents in complaint investigation and resolution and there were 71.05% fewer activities involved in investigations. Not surprisingly, there was an 80.0% increase in information that the LTCO provided to the media.

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Terrell, Deirdra, Spero Cataland, Laura Beebe, San Keller, Julie Panepinto, Sara K. Vesely, James George, Rachel Ann Kelley und Marshall Cheney. „Impact of Residual Effects and Complications of Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura (TTP) on Daily Living: A Qualitative Study“. Blood 134, Supplement_1 (13.11.2019): 931. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2019-128989.

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Introduction: Adverse health outcomes following recovery from thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) are under-recognized. The Oklahoma (OK) TTP Registry has documented that patients have residual complications following recovery. TTP survivors have an increased prevalence of major depression, decreased quality of life, minor cognitive impairment, and a decreased life expectancy compared to the general population. Additionally, Chaturvedi et. al (2017), reported that 32% of TTP survivors met the provisional diagnosis of post-traumatic stress disorder related to their TTP. Yet studies have failed to assess the significance of residual complications from the survivor's perspective. The goal of this study was to determine from the survivor's perspective, long-term outcomes that impact daily activities during remission. Patients: TTP survivors were recruited from the OK Registry and the Ohio State University (OSU) TTP Research Program. Eligibility included: 1) age >18 years, 2) documented ADAMTS13 deficiency, 3) in clinical remission from TTP, and 4) able to read and understand English. A non-probabilistic purposive sampling approach was utilized to select survivors from whom the most could be learned. To understand the full range of health challenges during remission, we intentionally included > 1 person who had experienced a TTP relapse in each focus group. Methods: Qualitative focus groups were conducted using a semi-structured discussion guide to facilitate and standardize the discussion. Prior to use, the discussion guide was pilot-tested and revised accordingly. All the focus groups were conducted in-person and moderated by the first author. During the focus group, TTP survivors described symptoms following recovery. All of the mentioned symptoms were transferred to index cards and given to each person. Patients individually sorted the cards into 'high', 'medium', and 'low' impact on daily living. Next, patients discussed views on what makes a symptom high, medium, or low impact. Additionally, patients were asked to list their top 3 symptoms on an index card (regardless of if it had been previously mentioned). Patients were also asked about discussions with their physicians regarding these symptoms. Frequencies were calculated for quantitative responses. Qualitative data were analyzed for themes. Results: Focus groups (4 in OK; 3 in OSU) were conducted from May-Oct. 2018, were 54-94 minutes, and digitally recorded. Overall, there were 25 patients (76% female, 52% black, median age 46 years) (Table 1). Eighty percent of patients were >5 years from their last episode, 52% had experienced a TTP relapse. The top 2 symptoms listed on the cards were: cognitive impairment 19/25 (76%) and fatigue 17/25 (68%). These symptoms were ranked as high in patients who were both < and >5 years from their last episode. High-impact symptoms occurred daily and negatively affected self-esteem, relationships, and careers. In 6/7 focus groups, survivors described high-impact symptoms caused feelings of being a burden, embarrassment, depression, and anxiety. Fatigue kept survivors from activities with loved ones and the hobbies they enjoyed prior to TTP. Cognitive impairment was described as difficulty 'getting the right words out', forming complete thoughts, and problems with memory and concentration. Cognitive impairment often resulted in arguing and frustration with loved ones. In 4/7 focus groups, memory and concentration problems were detrimental to marriages/long-term relationships. In 5/7 focus groups, cognitive impairment significantly impacted a person's ability to do their job. In 1 focus group, patients who worked in healthcare stated they changed careers because they feared their memory problems would negatively impact the health of others. Yet, many patients were hesitant to discuss these symptoms with a physician because they: 1) did not want to complain, 2) did not want to be prescribed additional medication, and 3) did not think these symptoms were relevant to their 'blood doctor'. Conclusion: Cognitive impairment and fatigue have serious impacts on daily living even >5 years after TTP. Yet, patients were often hesitant to discuss the issues with their doctor and failed to connect these symptoms with the TTP recovery process. Phase II of this study is currently underway, the goal is to identify from the TTP survivor's perspective, preferred ways to assess and manage these symptoms. Disclosures Terrell: National Institutes of Health: Research Funding. Cataland:Alexion: Consultancy, Research Funding; Ablynx/Sanofi: Consultancy, Research Funding. Panepinto:NIH: Research Funding.

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Tucker-Roghi, Gina, Gail Towsley und Linda Edelman. „ENSURING A KNOWLEDGEABLE GERIATRIC WORKFORCE: INTERDISCIPLINARY EDUCATION IN LONG-TERM SERVICES AND SUPPORTS“. Innovation in Aging 6, Supplement_1 (01.11.2022): 78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igac059.315.

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Abstract In this symposium, we describe five interdisciplinary educational programs to enhance the geriatric workforce in long-term services and supports (LTSS): Skilled nursing facilities (SNFs), assisted living, and home health and hospice. The interdisciplinary teams that came together to offer the programs leveraged technology to maximize access to experts in both the curriculum development process and the delivery of the educational programs for a wide range of target learners. The first program, an interdisciplinary telementoring series on dementia care for therapists in SNFs, was developed by a team of experts from occupational, physical and speech therapy. The program included asynchronous online didactic content and case-based learning relevant to therapists. The second program engaged faculty from seven graduate programs: Pharmacy, Physical Therapy, Occupational Therapy, Dentistry, Social Work, Nursing and Physician Assistant to co-create an interprofessional LTSS graduate certificate in Gerontology. The certificate encompasses asynchronous online courses to enable flexibility across programs and cover content specific to LTSS. In the third program, LTSS nurses completed an online educational course to better prepare them to care for complex older adults, improve leadership skills, become more resilient, and complete QAPI projects. The fourth program focused on utilizing interdisciplinary perspectives to educate LTSS direct care staff on the unique needs of LGBTQ older adults. The fifth program offered a virtual telehealth clinical experience to prepare physical therapy students for practice in a SNF setting. The curriculum included eight virtual modules and four telehealth patient encounters that exposed students to interdisciplinary teams in the SNF context.

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Kennedy, Katherine, Cyrus Kosar und Kali Thomas. „THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN LONG-TERM CARE OMBUDSMAN PROGRAM SPENDING AND NURSING HOME OUTCOMES“. Innovation in Aging 7, Supplement_1 (01.12.2023): 642. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igad104.2090.

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Abstract As part of the Older Americans Act, State Long-term Care Ombudsman Programs (LTCOP) serve older adults in nursing homes (NHs) and board and care facilities. The National Academies of Science, Engineering, and Medicine called for increased LTCOP funding to improve NH quality. We hypothesized that increases in spending on LTCOP would be associated with a lower prevalence of NH residents with low-care needs who could be cared for in the community and fewer residents taking antipsychotics. We conducted a secondary analysis using the National Ombudsman Reporting System, NH facility-level data from LTCfocUS.org for 15,592 US NHs (2011-2018), and the Area Health Resource File. Using a two-way fixed effects model with standard errors clustered at the facility-level, we examined the relationship between LTCOP spending per LTC bed at the state-level and outcomes, controlling for year, state, facility, and market characteristics. Increased LTCOP spending was associated with a lower proportion of residents in NHs with low-care needs and a lower percent of residents receiving antipsychotics (p < .0001). In 2011, the average share of low-care NH residents (weighted by bed size) was 13.34%, and the share of residents on antipsychotics was 25.95%. For every $25 annual change in LTCOP funds, there was a .84 percentage point decrease in the prevalence of low-care residents for the average NH, and a .80 percentage point decrease in the share of residents receiving antipsychotics. States that have increased funding for their LTCOP observe better outcomes. This documents the need to increase funding to support LTCOP.

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Peterson, Cora. „Investigating the historic long-term population health impact of the US National School Lunch Program“. Public Health Nutrition 17, Nr. 12 (28.11.2013): 2783–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980013003200.

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AbstractObjectiveThe present research aimed to compare historic participation in the US National School Lunch Program (NSLP) during childhood and subsequent prevalence of overweight and obesity among adults at the population level.DesignRegression models examined cross-sectional, state- and age-based panel data constructed from multiple sources, including the Behavioural Risk Factor Surveillance System, US Congressional Record, US Census and the US Department of Agriculture. Models controlled for cohorts’ racial/ethnic composition and state poverty rates.SubjectsAdult-age cohorts (18–34, 35–49, 50–64 and 18–64 years) by US state over a 25-year period (1984–2008).SettingThe cohorts’ prevalence of overweight and obesity was compared with the cohorts’ estimated NSLP participation during schooling (1925–2007; the NSLP began in 1946).ResultsAmong adults aged 18–64 years, a one percentage-point increase in estimated NSLP participation during schooling between 1925 and 2007 was significantly associated with a 0·29 percentage-point increase in the cohort's later prevalence of overweight and obesity. Analysis of narrower age cohorts and different schooling periods produced mixed results.ConclusionsThe NSLP might have influenced population health historically. Longitudinal analysis of individuals from studies now underway will likely facilitate more robust conclusions about the NSLP's long-term health impact based on more recent experiences.

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Hung, Lillian, Joey Wong, Mona Upreti, Winnie Kan, Alisha Tumar, Sonia Hardern, Jim Mann und Christine Wallsworth. „FACILITATORS AND BARRIERS TO IMPLEMENTING A VIRTUAL REALITY PROGRAM IN LONG-TERM CARE“. Innovation in Aging 7, Supplement_1 (01.12.2023): 317. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igad104.1054.

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Abstract To successfully implement virtual reality (VR) programs for long-term care (LTC) residents, it is essential to consider contextual factors. However, current research does not explore the LTC staff’s perspectives on implementing VR in their workplaces. This qualitative study aimed to fill this gap by exploring the facilitators and barriers to adopting VR in LTC, guided by the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR). We applied a Collaborative Action Research (CAR) approach, which involved three phases: (1) Reflect and Plan, (2) Act and Adapt, and (3) Evaluate. Ten focus groups were conducted with 20 staff in two Canadian long-term care homes. Thematic analysis was performed collectively with the team, including researchers, trainees, and patient and family partners. Our findings suggest that implementing a VR program in LTC requires readiness and capacity for implementation within the care home. Key factors that enabled implementation were staff champions, perceived benefits, and ease of use of the equipment. However, there were also barriers, such as limited resources, including Internet infrastructure, limited adaptability to meet local needs, and relative priority and staff workload. To overcome these barriers, our results indicate a need for organizational support for infrastructure and human resources. In addition, future research can evaluate the potential impact of facilitating residents’ VR sessions on staff’s job satisfaction and the involvement of residents’ families/caregivers as well as volunteers during the sessions to reduce staff hesitancy and workload.

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Margherio, Cara, M. Claire Horner-Devine, Sheri J. Y. Mizumori und Joyce W. Yen. „Learning to Thrive: Building Diverse Scientists’ Access to Community and Resources through the BRAINS Program“. CBE—Life Sciences Education 15, Nr. 3 (September 2016): ar49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1187/cbe.16-01-0058.

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BRAINS: Broadening the Representation of Academic Investigators in NeuroScience is a National Institutes of Health–funded, national program that addresses challenges to the persistence of diverse early-career neuroscientists. In doing so, BRAINS aims to advance diversity in neuroscience by increasing career advancement and retention of post-PhD, early-career neuroscientists from underrepresented groups (URGs). The comprehensive professional development program is structured to catalyze conversations specific to URGs in neuroscience and explicitly addresses factors known to impact persistence such as a weak sense of belonging to the scientific community, isolation and solo status, inequitable access to resources that impact career success, and marginalization from informal networks and mentoring relationships. While we do not yet have data on the long-term impact of the BRAINS program on participants’ career trajectory and persistence, we introduce the BRAINS program theory and report early quantitative and qualitative data on shorter-term individual impacts within the realms of career-advancing behaviors and career experiences. These early results suggest promising, positive career productivity, increased self-efficacy, stronger sense of belonging, and new perspectives on navigating careers for BRAINS participants. We finish by discussing recommendations for future professional development programs and research designed to broaden participation in the biomedical and life sciences.

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Selkirk, James K. „Compendium of Abstracts from Long-Term Cancer Studies Reported by the National Toxicology Program from 1976 to 1992“. Environmental Health Perspectives 101, Suppl 1 (01.04.1993): 1–281. http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.93101s11.

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Jen, Enyi, Marcia Gentry und Sidney M. Moon. „High-Ability Students’ Perspectives on an Affective Curriculum in a Diverse, University-Based Summer Residential Enrichment Program“. Gifted Child Quarterly 61, Nr. 4 (30.07.2017): 328–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0016986217722839.

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The purpose of this study was to investigate how high-ability students experienced their participation in an affective curriculum through small-group discussions in a diverse, university-based, summer enrichment program for talented youth. The investigation included two closely related studies. The first study included 77 high-ability students from several cultures and economic backgrounds who participated in the 2014 summer program. The second was a retrospective study with 24 Native American students from Diné, Ojibwe, and Lakota tribes who had participated in the affective curriculum in 2013 to determine if their participation had any longer term effects on this subgroup. In general, the students from all backgrounds in both studies said the small-group discussions enriched their overall program experience. Twenty-two of the 24 Native American students from the three tribes who participated in the retrospective study reported that they believed they had changed their behaviors during the past year because of their participation in the small-group discussions the previous summer. The changes mentioned most by these students were exhibiting stronger self-confidence and being more open to people. The results of this study suggests that the affective intervention was regarded positively. It provided both short- and long-term benefits to the high-ability students who participated in the program.

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Wu, Chung-Lung, Gonzalo R. Rada, Aramis Lopez und Yingwu Fang. „Accuracy of Weather Data in Long-Term Pavement Performance Program Database“. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1699, Nr. 1 (Januar 2000): 151–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1699-21.

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To provide accurate climatic data for pavements under the Long-Term Pavement Performance (LTPP) Program, a climatic database was developed in 1992 and subsequently revised and expanded in 1998. In the development of this database, up to five nearby weather stations were selected for each test site. Pertinent weather data for the selected weather stations were obtained from the U.S. National Climatic Data Center and the Canadian Climatic Center. With a 1/ R2 weighting scheme, site-specific climatic data were derived from the nearby weather station data. The derived data were referred to as “virtual”weather data. To evaluate the effect of environmental factors on pavement performance and design, automated weather stations (AWS) were installed at LTPP Specific Pavement Study Projects 1, 2, and 8 to collect on-site weather data. Since the virtual weather data were developed for all LTPP test sites and will be used for future pavement performance studies, it is essential that the derived virtual data be accurate and representative of the actual onsite climatic conditions. The availability of the AWS weather data has provided an opportunity to evaluate whether virtual weather data can be used to represent on-site weather conditions. Daily temperature data and monthly temperature and precipitation data were used in this experiment. On the basis of the comparisons made between the virtual and onsite measured (AWS) data, it appears that climatic data derived from nearby weather stations using the 1/R2 weighting scheme estimate the actual weather data reasonably well and thus can be used to represent on-site weather conditions in pavement research and design.

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Estilow, T. W., A. H. Young und D. A. Robinson. „A long-term Northern Hemisphere snow cover extent data record for climate studies and monitoring“. Earth System Science Data 7, Nr. 1 (18.06.2015): 137–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/essd-7-137-2015.

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Abstract. This paper describes the long-term, satellite-based visible snow cover extent National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) climate data record (CDR) currently available for climate studies, monitoring, and model validation. This environmental data product is developed from weekly Northern Hemisphere snow cover extent data that have been digitized from snow cover maps onto a Cartesian grid draped over a polar stereographic projection. The data have a spatial resolution of 190.6 km at 60° latitude, are updated monthly, and span the period from 4 October 1966 to the present. The data comprise the longest satellite-based CDR of any environmental variable. Access to the data is provided in Network Common Data Form (netCDF) and archived by NOAA's National Climatic Data Center (NCDC) under the satellite Climate Data Record Program (doi:10.7289/V5N014G9). The basic characteristics, history, and evolution of the data set are presented herein. In general, the CDR provides similar spatial and temporal variability to its widely used predecessor product. Key refinements included in the CDR improve the product's grid accuracy and documentation and bring metadata into compliance with current standards for climate data records.

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Estilow, T. W., A. H. Young und D. A. Robinson. „A long-term Northern Hemisphere snow cover extent data record for climate studies and monitoring“. Earth System Science Data Discussions 7, Nr. 2 (21.11.2014): 669–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/essdd-7-669-2014.

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Abstract. This paper describes the long-term, satellite-based visible snow cover extent NOAA climate data record (CDR) currently available for climate studies, monitoring, and model validation. This environmental data product is developed from weekly Northern Hemisphere snow cover extent data that have been digitized from snow cover maps onto a Cartesian grid draped over a polar stereographic projection. The data has a spatial resolution of 190.5 km at 60 ° latitude, are updated monthly, and span from 4 October 1966 to present. The data comprise the longest satellite-based CDR of any environmental variable. Access to the data are provided in netCDF format and are archived by the National Climatic Data Center (NCDC) of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) under the satellite climate data record program (doi:10.7289/V5N014G9). The basic characteristics, history, and evolution of the dataset are presented herein. In general, the CDR provides similar spatial and temporal variability as its widely used predecessor product. Key refinements to the new CDR improve the product's grid accuracy and documentation, and bring metadata into compliance with current standards for climate data records.

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Beattie, Elizabeth, Maria O’Reilly, Wendy Moyle, Lynn Chenoweth, Deirdre Fetherstonhaugh, Barbara Horner, Andrew Robinson und Elaine Fielding. „Multiple perspectives on quality of life for residents with dementia in long term care facilities: protocol for a comprehensive Australian study“. International Psychogeriatrics 27, Nr. 10 (22.04.2015): 1739–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1041610215000435.

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ABSTRACTBackground:Dementia is a chronic illness without cure or effective treatment, which results in declining mental and physical function and assistance from others to manage activities of daily living. Many people with dementia live in long term care facilities, yet research into their quality of life (QoL) was rare until the last decade. Previous studies failed to incorporate important variables related to the facility and care provision or to look closely at the daily lives of residents. This paper presents a protocol for a comprehensive, multi-perspective assessment of QoL of residents with dementia living in long term care in Australia. A secondary aim is investigating the effectiveness of self-report instruments for measuring QoL.Methods:The study utilizes a descriptive, mixed methods design to examine how facility, care staff, and resident factors impact QoL. Over 500 residents with dementia from a stratified, random sample of 53 facilities are being recruited. A sub-sample of 12 residents is also taking part in qualitative interviews and observations.Conclusions:This national study will provide a broad understanding of factors underlying QoL for residents with dementia in long term care. The present study uses a similar methodology to the US-based Collaborative Studies of Long Term Care (CS-LTC) Dementia Care Study, applying it to the Australian setting.

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Peng, G., W. N. Meier, D. J. Scott und M. H. Savoie. „A long-term and reproducible passive microwave sea ice concentration data record for climate studies and monitoring“. Earth System Science Data 5, Nr. 2 (15.10.2013): 311–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/essd-5-311-2013.

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Abstract. A long-term, consistent, and reproducible satellite-based passive microwave sea ice concentration climate data record (CDR) is available for climate studies, monitoring, and model validation with an initial operation capability (IOC). The daily and monthly sea ice concentration data are on the National Snow and Ice Data Center (NSIDC) polar stereographic grid with nominal 25 km × 25 km grid cells in both the Southern and Northern Hemisphere polar regions from 9 July 1987 to 31 December 2007. The data files are available in the NetCDF data format at http://nsidc.org/data/g02202.html and archived by the National Climatic Data Center (NCDC) of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) under the satellite climate data record program (http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/cdr/operationalcdrs.html). The description and basic characteristics of the NOAA/NSIDC passive microwave sea ice concentration CDR are presented here. The CDR provides similar spatial and temporal variability as the heritage products to the user communities with the additional documentation, traceability, and reproducibility that meet current standards and guidelines for climate data records. The data set, along with detailed data processing steps and error source information, can be found at http://dx.doi.org/10.7265/N55M63M1.

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Peng, G., W. N. Meier, D. J. Scott und M. H. Savoie. „A long-term and reproducible passive microwave sea ice concentration data record for climate studies and monitoring“. Earth System Science Data Discussions 6, Nr. 1 (07.05.2013): 95–117. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/essdd-6-95-2013.

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Abstract. A long-term, consistent, and reproducible satellite-based passive microwave sea ice concentration climate data record (CDR) is available for climate studies, monitoring, and model validation with an initial operation capability (IOC). The daily and monthly sea ice concentration data are on the National Snow and Ice Data Center (NSIDC) polar stereographic grid with nominal 25 × 25 km grid cells in both the Southern and Northern Hemisphere Polar Regions from 9 July 1987 to 31 December 2007 with an update through 2011 underway. The data files are available in the NetCDF data format at http://nsidc.org/data/g02202.html and archived by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)'s National Climatic Data Center (NCDC) under the satellite climate data record program (http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/cdr/operationalcdrs.html). The description and basic characteristics of the NOAA/NSIDC passive microwave sea ice concentration CDR are presented here. The CDR provides similar spatial and temporal variability as the heritage products to the user communities with the additional documentation, traceability, and reproducibility that meet current standards and guidelines for climate data records. The dataset along with detailed data processing steps and error source information can be found at: doi:10.7265/N5B56GN3.

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González-Campo, Carlos Hernán. „Editorial“. Cuadernos de Administración 34, Nr. 61 (10.09.2018): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.25100/cdea.v34i61.6942.

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Issue 61 of the Journal Cuadernos de Administración publishes 7 papers on the different topics of editorial interest, which national and international authors have considered disseminating in our publication, and which have been selected after a rigorous assessment process. The first paper, entitled “The use of social media to improve the commitment of stakeholders in the fashion and clothing sector: the Inditex case”, is the result of a research wherein, by means of a descriptive analysis, the different levels of participation in Facebook and the main characteristics that stimulate such participation in Inditex are studied.“Strategy and generation of value in Colombian service companies”, is the title of our second paper, the result of research aimed at identifying the relationship between strategy and value generation in service companies that have won the Colombian Management Quality Award by the Ministry of Commerce, Industry and Tourism in the period 2013-2014. Innovation in Companies operating in the Foodstuffs Sector of Colombia. An analysis from the perspective of open innovation”, is the third paper and the result of a qualitative study that investigates the characteristics of the actors and their relationships in four areas of the foodstuffs sector in Colombia (the meat, dairy, milling and confectionery sectors).“Environmental entrepreneurship and public policy. Case: Entrepreneurship for Life Program”, is the title of the fourth paper in this issue, in which the authors, using the methodology of the Synergy System, applied by the Colombian Government to evaluate public policies, evaluate the “Entrepreneurship for Life” program.The fifth paper “Formal and informal institutions in relation to the entrepreneurial phenomenon in the Americas”, presents the results of a study that analyses the impact of formal and informal institutions on the change of the entrepreneurial activity rate (TEA) in 9 countries in the Americas, using data from GEM studies between 2005 and 2015.“Global communication models and their importance to public administrations - the case of the Secretariat of Information and Communication Technologies in Cundinamarca” is the title of the sixth paper published herein, and is the result of a study on the state of communications in the process of collecting requirements between the Secretariat of Information and Communication Technologies, the Government of Cundinamarca and the municipalities of the department through surveys and interviews with stakeholders and comparative analysis based on the current technical quality standards and variables of the global communication model. At the end of this issue, a review article entitled “Do social media create long-term brand experiences?” is published, in which the authors present a series of questions on the problem of the relationship between social networks and brand experience within marketing strategies. The article defines several lines wherefrom to outline future research.From the editorial team, we thank all the authors of this issue of the Journal Cuadernos de Administración for their contributions and our readers. We hope that all the changes that are being made as a journal will enable greater diffusion of published knowledge, where its content is the exclusive responsibility of each author and does not compromise the Faculty of Administrative Sciences of the Universidad del Valle, as the publishing entity.

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Wang, Lianjie, und Jing Liu. „The impact of long-term care insurance on family care for older adults: The mediating role of intergenerational financial support“. PLOS ONE 19, Nr. 5 (23.05.2024): e0299974. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0299974.

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Rapid population aging has been placing heavy tolls on Chinese family caregivers. Previous empirical evidence from multiple countries have shown that establishing national long-term care insurance was effective in reducing family care burdens. Utilizing data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) wave 2011 to 2018, this study examined the effects of implementing the pilot long-term care insurance program on family care received by the Chinese older adults, by using a time-varying Difference-in-Differences (DID) method. The results showed that: (1) the implementation of the pilot long-term care insurance program has led to a 17.2% decline in general for family care received by the Chinese older adults. (2) The effect of participating in the pilot program on family care received differed by respondent’s household registration, health status, marital status, and possesion of retirement pension, and were specifically pronounced among those who were urban residents, having spouse, living with disabilities, and living with no retirement pension. (3) Further results from the mechanism analyses showed that the pilot long-term care insurance program decreased the level of family care by reducing the dual intergenerational financial support between older adults and their adult children. (4) Although participating in the pilot program decreased older adult’s dependence on their adult children, their physical and mental health status were not negatively affected. This study contributes to the existing literature by evaluating the effects of implementing the pilot long-term care insurance program on family care received by the Chinese older adults, and lends supports to the previous studies that participating in long-term care insurance significantly reduces old adults’ demand for family care, but not in sacrifice of their physical and mental well-being.

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Harry, Melissa L., Jooyoung Kong, Lynn M. MacDonald, Althea McLuckie, Christina Battista, Ellen K. Mahoney, Haesang Jeon und Kevin J. Mahoney. „The Long-Term Effects of Participant Direction of Supports and Services for People With Disabilities“. Care Management Journals 17, Nr. 1 (01.01.2016): 2–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/1521-0987.17.1.2.

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Numerous studies have demonstrated the short-term effectiveness of the Cash and Counseling model option of participant-directed home and community-based personal care service programs for Medicaideligible recipients with disabilities requiring long-term care. However, long-term experiences with participant-directed services have yet to be examined for these individuals. We addressed this gap in the literature through participatory action research and qualitative content analysis. Working together as coresearchers with members of the National Participant Network, a peer organization for people interested in or enrolled in participant-directed services, we interviewed 17 adults enrolled in one state’s Cash and Counseling-based program. Participants’ ages ranged from 40 to 83 years, had been enrolled for at least 5 years, and acted as their own representative within the program. Our major findings show (a) the program’s flexibility allowed for adaptation to meet participants’ changing needs over time and (b) that program attendants helped connect participants with community in multiple ways. In this article, we provide important policy and practice implications for participant-directed programs for people with disabilities.

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Savundranayagam, Marie, und Kristine Williams. „IMPLEMENTATION AND EFFECTIVENESS OF VIRTUAL REALITY PROGRAMS IN LONG-TERM CARE SETTINGS“. Innovation in Aging 7, Supplement_1 (01.12.2023): 316. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igad104.1050.

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Abstract Virtual reality (VR) is an immersive technology that allows users to experience a computer-generated simulation of a three-dimensional environment. It is used in healthcare for education and training purposes, as therapeutic interventions, and for social engagement. However, there are few studies exploring the use of VR in long-term care settings. The purpose of this symposium is to share lessons learned on the implementation and effectiveness of VR programs in long-term care settings. All studies use the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research to guide their exploration of the facilitators and barriers to implementation. They use qualitative methods, such as interviews, focus groups, and ethnographic observation, to collect data on the experiences of staff and residents participating in the programs. Study one highlights the critical need to engage decision makers to assess organizational readiness prior to creating an implementation strategy. Study two showcases the iterative process involved in translating an in-person, person-centered communication training into a VR training program for frontline healthcare workers. Study three features the benefits and challenges of using VR with older residents. Study four explores staff perspectives on facilitators and barriers to adopting VR in long-term care. The studies highlight the potential benefits of VR in enhancing communication skills, social engagement, and support for residents’ personhood. They also identify factors for successful implementation, such as staff champions, sufficient technological infrastructure, and organizational support for infrastructure and human resources. The studies offer valuable insights for researchers and practitioners working to implement novel VR interventions in long-term care settings.

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Nilsen, Thomas S., Gun Peggy Knudsen, Kristina Gervin, Ingunn Brandt, Espen Røysamb, Kristian Tambs, Ragnhild Ørstavik et al. „The Norwegian Twin Registry from a Public Health Perspective: A Research Update“. Twin Research and Human Genetics 16, Nr. 1 (28.11.2012): 285–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/thg.2012.117.

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We describe the importance of the Norwegian Twin Registry (NTR) for research in public health and provide examples from several programs of twin research at the Norwegian Institute of Public Health (NIPH), including the Nordic Twin Study of Cancer, our epigenetics platform, and our large program of research in mental health. The NTR has become an integral component of a national strategy for maximizing the research potential from Norwegian registries and biobank-based studies. The information provided herein builds upon and complements our recent report describing the establishment of the NTR and the cohorts comprising it. Although Norway has a long tradition in twin research, the centralization and administration of the twin data through a single register structure is fairly recent. The NTR was established in 2009 and currently includes 47,989 twins covering birth years 1895–1960 and 1967–1979; 31,440 of these twins have consented to participate in medical research (comprising 5,439 monozygotic pairs, 6,702 dizygotic same-sexed pairs, and 1,655 dizygotic opposite-sexed pairs). DNA from approximately 4,800 twins is banked at the NIPH biobank and new studies continuously add new data to the registry. The value of NTR data is greatly enhanced through record linkage possibilities offered by Norway's many nation-wide registries (medical, demographic, and socio-economic) and several studies are already taking advantage of these linkage opportunities for research.

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