Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema „National Information Infrastructure (U.S.)“

Access to some federal government records has become more difficult since the terrorist attacks of 9/11/2001. Some records previously opened have been reclassified. Records related to the infrastructure of cities, construction plans of government buildings, development of military weapons, biological warfare subjects, and biographical information on U. S. citizens were the first categories to be tightened. Historians should keep a watchful eye on these developments. Balancing issues of national security with the public's right to government information is a crucial debate in a democracy that depends on information to make proper judgments about the workings of government.

The currently relevant value-based healthcare model (Value-Based Healthcare) is more focused on ensuring long-term effectiveness and patient satisfaction, which is directly related to the implementation of the principles of patient-oriented and patient-centered activities [1]. In accordance with the Proposals (practical recommendations) on the organization of internal quality control and safety of medical activities in a medical organization (hospital) of the Federal State Budgetary Institution “National Institute of Quality” of Roszdravnadzor, compliance with the principles of patient-centered medical care provides for the development and implementation at the level of a medical organization of a patient safety strategy, including compliance with ethical standards and rules in the implementation of medical care activities. This also includes the procedure for organizing feedback with patients [15]. The use of information technologies in patient questionnaires and analysis of results allows for operational monitoring of patient satisfaction indicators and to create a basis for assessing most aspects of hospital activities from the perspective of patients: the quality of medical services and their results, interaction with staff, infrastructure and service components. The purpose of the study is to provide the results of the implementation of the author’s information and analytical system for collecting and processing information about patient satisfaction through an electronic web questionnaire and providing the calculation of satisfaction indicators in a multidisciplinary hospital. M a t e r i a l s a n d m e t h o d s . The basis of the study was a multidisciplinary hospital of the state budgetary healthcare institution “Regional Clinical Hospital No. 2” in Vladivostok. Within the framework of the study, the inpatient patients were surveyed using questionnaires in electronic form prepared by a medical organization, an information and analytical system was developed to conduct a mathematical analysis of the results of the survey according to five criteria for assessing the quality of medical care conditions. The study used a questionnaire including 20 questions, the answers to which express the opinion of patients about the quality of work of doctors and nursing staff, the comfort of the conditions of stay in the emergency department, as well as in the hospital during hospitalization. The questionnaire was developed in 2015, and for many years the survey was conducted using paper and manual calculations. But since 2021, patient questionnaires and analysis of the collected data have been transferred to an electronic format. In this article we present the results obtained with the help of an information system for collecting and analyzing questionnaires, in which adult patients of a round-the-clock hospital participated. R e s u l t s . The use of information technologies in patient questionnaires and analysis of results allows for operational monitoring of patient satisfaction indicators and to create a basis for assessing a number of aspects of hospital activity from the perspective of patients: the quality of medical services and their results, interaction with staff, infrastructure and service components make it possible to evaluate the effectiveness of measures to ensure comfortable conditions for the patient’s stay and can be used in practical healthcare to organize measures to eliminate defects and make decisions on the management of a medical organization. C o n c l u s i o n s . The introduction of additional methods for studying patient satisfaction using electronic forms, taking into account the specifics of the work of a medical organization to the requirements established by the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, makes it possible to increase the effectiveness of interaction with patients and can be one of the tools for assessing the social effectiveness of a medical organization (hospital).

Formiranjem institucijskih repozitorija unutar bosanskohercegovačkih baštinsko-informacijskih, akademskih, obrazovnih te poslovnih ustanova produkti intelektualnog rada bosanskohercegovač-ke “znanstvenoistraživačke dijaspore” i dalje ostaju dislocirani, nekoherentni, odnosno pohranjeni u institucijskim repozitorijima ustanova diljem svijeta, a samim time za ovdašnje uvjete nedostu-pni. Potaknut ovakvim promjenama, Bošnjački institut – Fondacija Adila Zulfikarpašića, s obzirom na svoje infrastrukturne i izvedbene mogućnosti, doprinosi bosanskohercegovačkoj, kao i široj zajednici na način formiranja institucijskog repozitorija koji, u prvoj svojoj fazi, funkcionira kao prostor pohrane i diseminiranja važnih rezultata znanstvenih radova Bosanaca i Hercegovaca u ino-zemstvu, s posebnom usmjerenošću k radovima koji tematiziraju pitanja od nacionalnog značaja, na ovaj način osiguravajući mjesnu usmjerenost, odnosno centralizirano okupljanje informacijskih izvora koji na bilo koji način i u bilo kojem aspektu tematiziraju pitanja bosanskohercegovačke kulturne i znanstvene baštine. Rad predstavlja institucijski repozitorij koji funkcionira kao prostor digitalne pohrane i korištenja informacijskih izvora – produkata intelektualnog rada istraživača i znanstvenika, ali i kao važna akademsko-znanstvena društvena mreža. Usto, u radu se donose isku-stva u vezi sa strategijama izgradnje i upravljanja institucijskim repozitorijima koji funkcioniraju na principu tzv. samoarhiviranja te otvorenog pristupa. = By forming institutional repositories within a number of Bosnian-Herzegovinian heritage and information institutions, but also within academic, educational and business ones, intellectual work products of Bosnian-Herzegovinian “sci-entific-research diaspora” still remain dislocated and incoherent, or more precisely – stored within a number of in-stitutional repositories throughout the world and, consequently, not directly available in the local context. Inspired by these circumstances and using its infrastructural and performing capacities, The Bosniac Institute – Foundation of Adil Zulfikarpašić contributes Bosnian-Herzegovinian as well as the broader community by forming such a institutional repository wich, in its first phase, functions as a place for storing and disseminating important results of Bosnian-Herzegovinian academic and scientific work, with specific orientation to those works dealing with the issues of national importance. In this way the Institute has assured centralized gathering of information sources concerning different questions of Bosnian-Herzegovinan cultural, academic and scientific heritage. In this connection, the proposed paper aims to represent the idea of institutional repository functioning as a space for digital storing and using of information sources – intellectual work products of scientists and researchers, but also as a very important academic and scientific social network. Besides, the paper brings experiences of strategies of building and management of institutional reposi-tories which function on the principle of self-archiving and open access.

In recent years, russian intelligence agencies have demonstrated the capability to overcome security measures even in well-protected companies and government networks worldwide, including the security system of the U. S. military base on Guam. According to estimates from the Security Service of Ukraine, russia is currently carrying out around 10 cyber attacks on Ukraine daily. Therefore, the training of cybersecurity professionals for our country, especially in the sector of security and defense in Ukraine, is now an urgent and relevant task. Establishing a robust information security system for critical infrastructure objects is a crucial element of the defense strategy of any country. According to the Military Security Strategy of Ukraine, approved by the President’s Decree on March 25, 2021, enhancing the capabilities of the Armed Forces of Ukraine, territorial defense forces, and other components of defense forces to fulfill assigned tasks is a specific priority. One practical direction in implementing this priority is the development of capabilities in ensuring cyber security, cyber protection, and cyber defense, countering aggression in cyberspace during the preparation and conduct of comprehensive defense in Ukraine. Furthermore, the Law of Ukraine “On Education” defines information and communication competence as one of the key competencies of a modern individual. Therefore, this article addresses the timely topic of improving the organization of training for the leadership of the Ministry of Defense of Ukraine in the field of ensuring cyber security for the state. The article discusses the tasks of a cyber range and justifies practical ways of their implementation. The experience of some higher education institutions in Ukraine regarding the organizational and technical structure of a cyber range is presented. Using these institutions as examples, the creation of a cyber range at the National Defense University of Ukraine for the training of cyber defense specialists for the Armed Forces of Ukraine and conducting cyber exercises with them is proposed. The article develops proposals regarding its functional structure.

The purpose of research to determine and contribute in more efficient services to geoinformation stakeholders, as well as to give positive impact on increasing income in geo business sector, voluntary based web system for online usage of geoinformation in Kosovo has been developed. The method used was puting in to one place many sourcec via WMS and WFS services, by creating thematic SDI, in order to have online system with dynamic data comming from official databases with update from last day on 5 pm. System is open for usage by all interested parts, however official registration is required. It contains geoinformation from many databases such as cadastral, orthophoto, municipal, and basemaps from open layers. The results show that the system is extendable and it is permanently including new datasets based on the user requirements. All available data is linked via web services, which gives an opportunity to users to use the updated version of datasets as they are published by responsible institution via www (world wide web). Keywords: web map, geoportal, geoinformation, web services, Kosovo References Alameh. N, (2010). Service chaining of interoperable Geographic Information Web Services. Global Science and Technology. Greenbelt, USA. Brimicombe, A.J. (2002). GIS-where are the frontiers now. GIS 2002. Bahrain. Bryukhanova, E. A., Krupochkin, Y. P., & Rygalova, M. V. (2018). Geoinformation technologies in the reconstruction of the social space of siberian cities at the turn of the 19–20th centuries (case study of the city of tobolsk). Journal of Siberian Federal University - Humanities and Social Sciences, 11(8), 1229-1242. doi:10.17516/1997-1370-0303 Chaudhuri, S. (2015). Application of Web Based Geographical Information Systems in e-business. Maldives. Davis, C.A. and Alves L.L. (2007). 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Developing of National Spatial Data Infrastructure of Macedonia according to global standardization (GSDI and INSPIRE) and local status. Conference of Nikodinovski. Skopje. Macedonia. Idrizi, B. (2018). General Conditions of Spatial Data Infrastructure. International Journal on Natural and Engineering Sciences. Turkey. Idrizi, B. Sulejmani, V. Zimeri, Z. (2018). Multi-scale map for three levels of spatial planning data sets for the municipality of Vitia in Kosova. 7th ICC&GIS conference. Sozopol. Bulgaria. Mwange, C., Mulaku, G. C., & Siriba, D. N. (2018). Reviewing the status of national spatial data infrastructures in africa. Survey Review, 50(360), 191-200. doi:10.1080/00396265.2016.1259720 Nikolov, B. P., Zharkikh, J. I., Soloviev, A. A., Krasnoperov, R. I., & Agayan, S. M. (2015). Integration of data mining methods for earth science data analysis in GIS environment. Russian Journal of Earth Sciences, 15(4) doi:10.2205/2015ES000559 Sahin, K. and Gumusay, M.U. (2008). Service oriented architecture based web services for geographic information systems. The international archives of the remote sensing, photogrammetry and spatial information sciences. Vol XXXVII. Beijing. China. Sayar, A. (2008). GIS service oriented architecture. Community grids laboratory. IN, USA. Shi, S. (2015). Design and development of an online geoinformation service delivery of geospatial models in the united kingdom. Environmental Earth Sciences, 74(10), 7069-7080. doi:10.1007/s12665-015-4243-8 Siles, G., Charland, A., Voirin, Y., & Bénié, G. B. (2019). Integration of landscape and structure indicators into a web-based geoinformation system for assessing wetlands status. Ecological Informatics, 52, 166-176. doi:10.1016/j.ecoinf.2019.05.011 Ummadi, P. (2008). Standards and Interoperability in GIS, Michigan State University. MI, USA. Vorobev, A. V., & Shakirova, G. R. (2016). 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South Korea continues to lead the way in digital opportunity with its recent, innovative and ubiquitous city projects. The u-city initiative in South Korea is a national urban development project that focuses on strengthening the role of information and communication technologies in civic planning and management. This study tracks the changing dynamics driving the information society initiative of South Korea to evaluate the process of design and development of u-city. This study reviews qualitative data related to the u-city projects, describes the transformations and translation of this data in the public, political, and social discourse, and discusses the prospectus of a ubiquitous information society environment. The findings raise fundamental, practical questions about the role of ubiquitous computing in shaping our future cities. The findings show that there are more challenges ahead than prospects, despite the fact that the u-city has all the advanced technological components for a positive development. The South Korean u-city is typically more prone to problems related to the lack of social infrastructure, market restrictions, political quagmires and vested financial interests. The paper discusses the deficiencies of the South Korean approach, namely a lack of holistic approach by integrating technological possibilities with social application needs.

BackgroundIgA vasculitis (IgAV) is a rare autoimmune disease affecting small vessels. It is well established that the incidence is higher in children (3 to 26 per 100,000 children/year,)[1]than in adults (0.1 to 1.8 per 100,000 individuals/year)[1]. However others epidemiological data and impact of the COVID-19 on IgAV remain overlooked[2].ObjectivesTo collect and analyze epidemiological data on IgAV in both adults and children in France.MethodsWe conducted an observational study using a national database called “BNDMR”[3](Banque Nationale de Données Maladies Rares) on IgA vasculitis (code ORPHA761), which gathered patients managed in the French rare disease expert network. The incidence was estimated from the date of diagnosis, and we calculated the median annual incidence over the period 2010-2022. We specifically assessed the north/south gradient (latitude of the residence higher/lower than the median of the latitudes), the seasonality, and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic compared to other patients reported within the same period and addressed in the same expert centers used as controls.ResultsDuring this 12-year period, 1988 patients with IgAV were reported (1498 children; 490 adults). The male to female ratio was 1.57 for adults and 1.05 for children. The median IgAV annual incidence was 15 cases/year [IQR 9-30] and 82 cases/year [IQR 72-86] for adult and children cases respectively. Time to diagnosis was less than 1 month for both. Compared with other patients reported in the same expert centers, IgAV was more frequently reported in the southern part of France than in the north (OR 4.88 [95% confidence intervals: 4.17 - 5.74] in adults and OR 1.51 [1.35 - 1.68] in children). IgAV was also more frequently observed in winter than during the rest of the year in both adults (OR 1.60 [1.39 - 1.82]) and children (OR 1.22 [1.01 - 1.48]). The incidence of IgAV decreased during the COVID-19 pandemic period (from March 2020 to September 2022) in children (OR 0.62 [0.47 - 0.81]) but not in the adult population (OR 0.90 [0.76 - 1.06]).ConclusionOur study confirms the winter seasonality and sex ratio in IgAV[4,5], but suggests that the incidence or the reporting of IgAV decreased in children during the COVID19 pandemia, possibly due to barrier measures[6]. The observed north/south gradient need confirmation. The main limitation of this study is a possible IgAV under-reporting as this study rely only on cases addressed in expert centers.References[1]Audemard-Verger A, Pillebout E, Guillevin L, Thervet E, Terrier B. IgA vasculitis (Henoch-Shönlein purpura) in adults: Diagnostic and therapeutic aspects.Autoimmun Rev. 2015;14(7):579-585. doi:10.1016/j.autrev.2015.02.003[2]Deshayes S, Moulis G, Pillebout E, Aouba A, Audemard-Verger A. Positive predictive value of hospital discharge diagnosis code to identify immunoglobulin A vasculitis in France: A validation study.Eur J Intern Med. 2017;43:e18-e19. doi:10.1016/j.ejim.2017.05.025[3]Jannot AS, Messiaen C, Khatim A, Pichon T, Sandrin A, BNDMR infrastructure team. The ongoing French BaMaRa-BNDMR cohort: implementation and deployment of a nationwide information system on rare disease.J Am Med Inform Assoc. 2022;29(3):553-558. doi:10.1093/jamia/ocab237[4]Piram M, Maldini C, Biscardi S, et al. Incidence of IgA vasculitis in children estimated by four-source capture-recapture analysis: a population-based study.Rheumatology (Oxford). 2017;56(8):1358-1366. doi:10.1093/rheumatology/kex158[5]Gardner-Medwin JMM, Dolezalova P, Cummins C, Southwood TR. Incidence of Henoch-Schönlein purpura, Kawasaki disease, and rare vasculitides in children of different ethnic origins.Lancet. 2002;360(9341):1197-1202. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(02)11279-7[6]Kaya Akca U, Atalay E, Cuceoglu MK, et al. Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the frequency of the pediatric rheumatic diseases.Rheumatol Int. 2022;42(1):51-57. doi:10.1007/s00296-021-05027-7Figure.Acknowledgements:NIL.Disclosure of InterestsNone Declared.

Abstract: Indonesia has experienced millions of cyber attacks but it has never been able to be handled properly and completely, partly because of weak policies and conventional perspectives in understanding cyber threats. A country's vital infrastructure is related to a country's national interests, so threats to vital infrastructure are tantamount to threatening Indonesia's national interests. The level of use and dependence of a country on information and communication technology is directly proportional to the level of security and defense vulnerability in a country. Communication network connectivity and information technology cause security in this domain to become a separate issue in itself. This study aims to outline the importance of Indonesia to establish a national vital infrastructure in Indonesia in order to prepare Indonesia to face threats in the fifth domain. Determination of national vital infrastructure is urgent because it is closely related to the determination of jurisdiction, national defense and security policies in the cyber domain. This research is a normative study using a comparative approach. The results showed that Indonesia still uses a conventional perspective in seeing the form of threats and determining national vital objects as stipulated in Presidential Regulation No. 63 year 2014. Therefore, in order to face the threats of defense, security as well as national interests of Indonesia in the cyber domain, government needs to evaluate existing policies in accordance with the modern threats, as well as to establish and define Indonesia's vital national infrastructure.Keywords: national interest, security, defense, critical infrastructure, cyber threat.Urgensi Penetapan Infrastruktur Vital Nasional Indonesia�Abstrak: Indonesia mengalami jutaan serangan cyber namun tidak pernah dapat ditangani dengan baik dan tuntas, hal ini diantaranya disebabkan karena lemahnya kebijakan dan perspektif konvensional dalam memahami ancaman cyber. Infrastruktur vital suatu Negara sangat terkait dengan kepentingan nasional suatu Negara, sehingga ancaman terhadap infrastruktur ini sama artinya dengan mengancam kepentingan nasional Indonesia. Tingginya penggunaan dan ketergantungan suatu Negara terhadap teknologi informasi dan komunikasi berbanding lurus dengan tingkat kerentanan keamanan dan pertahanan disuatu Negara. Konektifitas jaringan komunikasi dan teknologi informasi menyebabkan keamanan di domain ini menjadi masalah tersendiri yang kompleks. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguraikan pentingnya Indonesia untuk menetapkan dan mendefinisikan infratruktur vital nasional di Indonesia dalam rangka mempersiapkan Indonesia menghadapi ancaman pertahanan dan keamanan di domain kelima. Upaya penentuan infrastruktur vital nasional ini penting segera dilakukan karena berkaitan erat dengan upaya penentuan yurisdiksi, kebijakan pertahanan dan keamanan nasional Indonesia di domain. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian normatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan komparatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Indonesia masih menggunakan perspektif konvensional dalam melihat bentuk Ancaman dan menentukan objek vital nasional sebagaimana diatur dalam Peraturan Presiden No. 63 tahun 2014. Oleh karena itu, dalam rangka menghadapi ancaman pertahanan dan keamanan serta kepentingan nasional indonesia di domain cyber maka pemerintah perlu mengkaji kembali kebijakan yang ada sesuai bentuk ancaman modern dan menetapkan infrastruktur vital nasional milik Indonesia.Kata kunci: national interest, security, defense, critical infrastructure, cyber threat.

The object of this research is the legal relations emerging in regulation of critical information infrastructure with regards to ensuring information security of the financial-banking sector of the People’s Republic of China. Characteristic is given to the Law on Cybersecurity, acting and developing draft bills of the People’s Republic of China in the area of security of critical information infrastructure. The author examines the peculiarities of regulation of relations in the sphere of critical information infrastructure and their role in ensuring cybersecurity of financial-banking sector. Factors affecting formation of the national mechanism of ensuring security of critical information infrastructure are determined. For the purpose of acquiring most accurate scientific results, the author applies legal-dogmatic approach, hermeneutic and synergetic methods of scientific cognition. Despite the numerous existing and developing sources of legal regulation of critical information infrastructure, the normative mechanism of ensuring its security is characterized by interrelatedness, and reflects overall character of the regime of China’s digital policy. The Law on Cybersecurity of the People’s Republic of China establishes the general norms, as well as draft bills – special norms; and the standards contain high-tech methodical recommendations that allow clarifying possible ambiguity of general and special norms. However, even within the limits of this mechanism is observed a partial overlap of responsibilities, including in the financial-banking sector, which complicates the process of identification of objects and determination of subjects of critical information infrastructure. Establishment of the mechanism is also perplexed by the need of simultaneous achievement of goals in the spheres of national security and economy, particularly in opposition during talks with the United States, which promotes policy of economic expansion onto China’s market, using tariff and nontariff measures as the levers of pressure.

Summary Profound global challenges to individual and population health, alongside the opportunities to benefit from digital technology, have spawned the concept of the Learning Health System. Learning Health Systems (LHSs)--which can function at organizational, network, regional, and national levels of scale--have the capability of continuous data-driven self-study that promotes change and improvement. The LHS concept, which originated in the U.S. in 2007, is rapidly gaining attention around the world. LHSs require, but also transcend, the secondary use of health data. This paper describes the key features of LHSs, argues that effective and sustainable LHSs must be supported by infrastructures that allow them to function with economies of scale and scope, and describes the services that such infrastructures must provide. While it is relatively straightforward to describe LHSs, achieving them at the high level of capability necessary to promote significant health benefits will require advancements in science and engineering, engaging the field of informatics among a wider range of disciplines. It also follows from this vision that LHSs cannot be built from an imposed blueprint; LHSs will more likely evolve from efforts at smaller scales that compose into larger systems.

U demokratskom društvu promocija, poštivanje i povezivanje čovjekovih prava i osnovnih sloboda temeljne su zadaće svake države. Uključivanje knjižnica u takve procese podupiru Europska unija i UNESCO različitim dokumentima koji se odnose na slobodan pristup informacijama, ulogu knjižnica u nacionalnoj informacijskoj politici, ulogu knjižnica u industriji znanja, zaštitu pisanog nasljeđa, razvoj informacijskih resursa i servisa, promicanje djelotvornog korištenja informacija i sl. Knjižnice, arhivi i muzeji formiraju informacijsku politiku tako što utječu na pristup građana informacijama. Takva se politika regulira vladinim legislativama (zakoni, pravila, propisi, smjernice), koji opet utječu na informacijski ciklus koji predstavlja kreaciju, organizaciju, diseminaciju ili evaluaciju informacija. Nacionalna je informacijska politika niz vladinih odluka koje su određene da potiču bolju informacijsku infrastrukturu. Ona je vladin instrument koji bi u svakoj državi omogućavao najbolju moguću mrežu informacijskih službi. Te bi službe morale određenim sredstvima ispunjavati potrebe korisnika cjelovito, brzo i u primjerenom obliku. Nacionalna informacijska politika pokriva pitanja razvoja informacijskih resursa i servisa, pružanja pristupa informacijama, promicanja djelotvornog korištenja informacija, razvoj i koordinaciju nacionalnih informacijskih aktivnosti, kao i sudjelovanje u međunarodnim informacijskim aktivnostima. = In a democratic society, promoting, respecting and linking human rights and fundamental freedoms are the fundamental tasks of each country. Involving libraries in such processes is supported by the European Union and UNESCO with various documents related to free access to information, the role of libraries in the national information policy, the role of libraries in the knowledge industry, the protection of written heritage, the development of information resources and services, the promotion of effective use of information and Fig.Libraries, archives and museums form information policy by affecting citizen access to information. Such a policy is governed by governmental legislation (laws, rules, regulations, guidelines) that again affect the information cycle that is the creation, organization, dissemination or evaluation of information. The National Information Policy is a series of decisions made by governments that are designed to encourage better information infrastructure. It is a government instrument that will provide the best possible information network in each country. These services would have to meet the needs of the users with a certain amount of resources in complete, rapid and appropriate form. The National Information Policy covers issues related to the development of information resources and services, providing access to information, promoting effective use of information, developing and coordinating national information activities, as well as participating in international information activities.

The object of this research is the legal relations that emerge in ensuring informations security of the banking and finance system of the People’s Republic of China. The work characterizes China’s cybersecurity law, which was enacted in 2017. The author determines the key positions of this statutory act that establishes the foundation for national institutional and normative-legislative mechanism of ensuring information security of the banking and finance sectors as objects of critical information infrastructure. China’s cybersecurity law represents a fundamental piece of legislation that defines the principles, mechanisms and order of ensuring information security. It defines critical information infrastructure through nomenclature of the sectors and indication of criteria for designation of one or another sector as critical information infrastructure. The banking and finance sector meets such criteria, thus ensuring its information security is based on the general positions of this legislation. The law determines the regime of protection of personal data, as well as obligations of network carriers that are included into the institutional mechanism of provision of cybersecurity. All aforementioned facts make China’s cybersecurity law a key legislative instrument of the mechanism of ensuring information security of the banking and finance system.

Objectives: To identify gaps and challenges in health informatics and health information management during the COVID-19 pandemic. To describe solutions and offer recommendations that can address the identified gaps and challenges. Methods: A literature review of relevant peer-reviewed and grey literature published from January 2020 to December 2020 was conducted to inform the paper. Results: The literature revealed several themes regarding health information management and health informatics challenges and gaps: information systems and information technology infrastructure; data collection, quality, and standardization; and information governance and use. These challenges and gaps were often driven by public policy and funding constraints. Conclusions: COVID-19 exposed complexities related to responding to a world-wide, fast moving, quickly spreading novel virus. Longstanding gaps and ongoing challenges in the local, national, and global health and public health information systems and data infrastructure must be addressed before we are faced with another global pandemic.

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National policies, strategies, doctrines and laws have a different approach to the issue of critical infrastructure. The adequately designed infrastructure is the main driving force of national prosperity and a precondition for economic expansion and future growth. On the other hand, everyday life in modern times is based, among other things, on highly developed infrastructure, especially in the fields of management and control of energy supply, provision of drinking water sources, transport, maintenance of information technology systems, telecommunications, etc. The paper considers the issue of critical infrastructure protection on the example of the Republic of Serbia. In this regard, critical infrastructure will be considered through changes in the strategic and normative framework. Historically, the subject area has long been directly related to the defence needs of the state. This is partly expected having in mind that the phrase critical infrastructure is taken from military terminology to denote everything necessary for the functioning of military system during military conflicts, when resources are directed to the preservation of one's own facilities, systems and networks, and also their disabling on the enemy side. However, in modern times, critical infrastructure has gained much broader meaning and significance for the functioning of the state and society as a whole.

International economic factors increasingly influence American trade and exchange policy, and interdependence also circumscribes the autonomous choice of domestic policies. But the growing concern of Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) policymakers over the potential for macroeconomic policy coordination to enhance national as well as world welfare implies that international economic relations present opportunities rather than constraints under some circumstances. This suggests that understanding domestic economic policy choice within its international context involves not only how policy choices are made within the bounds of international constraints, but also when countries might cooperate to modify the constraints themselves. This research looks to four important historical cases for information on these questions: the first three are the series of cumulating crises in the international monetary system during the 1960s and early 1970s, the fourth is the energy supply shock of 1973 and the recession that followed. The article describes the process of policy selection in each of these cases, contrasting domestic versus international premises for policy choice. The economics literature has emphasized the magnitude of domestic welfare gains available from coordinated national economic policies. Although the cases considered here do not contradict the importance of payoffs, they underline the corresponding role of political, economic, and strategic uncertainty in conditioning elites' policy choices.

As defined in the OECD report issued in 2001, biological resource centres (BRCs) are an essential part of the infrastructure underpinning life sciences and biotechnology. A wide variety of biological materials such as microbial cultures, biomass, DNA, etc are supplied by BRCs. The databases available from BRCs are not only for the sales of materials, but also for those containing scientific information catching up with other advanced bioinformatics. In addition to these scientific contents, BRCs are expected to operate in the management of intellectual properties and promotion of the government?s policy on biosafety, quarantine, etc.

B a c k g r o u n d . The information sphere, being a system-forming factor of society's life, actively influences the state of political, economic, defence and other components of state security. Information-psychological warfare (IPW) originated in ancient times. It arose simultaneously with the appearance of armed conflict as a component of armed struggle in the form of destroying the forces and means of armed struggle of the enemy and a psychological means of weakening the combat power of the enemy and raising the morale of its troops. Ukraine's national security is significantly dependent on the state of informational and psychological warfare, and this dependence will grow along with technological progress. M e t h o d s . A theoretical analysis of scientific publications on a specific issue was used; comparative analysis of regulatory documents on informational and psychological warfare; generalization and synthesis. R e s u l t s . The content, role and significance of information and psychological warfare in the context of modern forms and methods of information warfare in conditions of war are considered. The essence of informational and psychological warfare as a system of informational and psychological influences on the informational resources of the enemy, the consciousness and feelings of its military personnel and the population, as well as a set of measures to protect one's own informational and psychological resources, is defined. The constituent parts, tasks, principles and functions of information warfare are defined and analyzed. The trends of informational and psychological warfare in the conditions of war are revealed and its orientation at the operational and tactical level in everyday activities during the preparation and conduct of hostilities is analyzed. The author identified the problematic issues of informational and psychological warfare in modern conditions and explored their features in the context of threats to the national security of Ukraine. C o n c l u s i o n s . Presented modern views on the essence, forms and methods of conducting information and psychological warfare of the leading world states that are leaders in this area can be used for the development of the necessary national methodological base and the development of scientifically based recommendations, and in the future, substantiated normative legal acts on the organization and conducting informational and psychological warfare in war conditions.

During August, 1988, I was asked by the United States Information Agency to go to Bangladesh to share information about AIDS with the Bangladesh National AIDS Committee and others. In the course of my stay in Dhaka, I met with the Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Home Affairs, the Minister of Health, the Director of the American Cultural Center of the U. S. Information Service, the Dean of the University of Dhaka Medical School, the Director of the National Health Card Service (an organization administering hundreds of rural health clinics in Bangladesh), and the Chief of the Bureau of Health Education. I gave presentations before the Bangladesh National AIDS Committee, the faculty and student body of the University of Dhaka Medical School, and during a reception given by the National Health Card Service.

In the mid 2030-s in the field of defense and national security communications the quantum computers and 6G artificial intelligence will have domination. 6G communication is accepted in a variety of mobile data comparts transmitted through spectral technologies. The human body becomes a part of the 6G network architecture. A set of network nodes or wearable devices, embedded sensors or nanodes collect confidential information that is exchanged for multiple purposes, such as health, statistics, and safety. An important part of the 6G new paradigm will be intelligent reflective surfaces, quantum teleportation, quantum encrypted messaging, 6G holography, distributed ledger, 6G layer security threats. The 6G wireless standards will allow real-time time zone high-speed internet communication with 1TB data per second. The radio frequency networks, THZ communications, molecular communications, and quantum communications will dramatically improve data rates.

Despite the critical role played by intermediaries in marketing services and trade, along with various initiatives undertaken to enhance this role, fresh fruits and vegetables traders in Dar es Salaam-Tanzania are still discontented with the intermediaries’ inability to undertake marketing services roles. This paper examined the constraints to intermediaries’ role in provision of market and marketing services for urban fresh fruits and vegetables supply chain and recommended strategies for improving the same. Qualitative approach was adopted and data were drawn from a purposive sample of 48 respondents through in-depth interviews and non-participant observation. Thematic data analysis strategy was adopted in which researchers transcribed data, read and familiarized themselves with data, coded them, searched and reviewed themes, named and finalized the analysis process. It was revealed in this study that, intermediaries’ role in marketing services for urban fruits and vegetables supply chain was confronted by poor coordination and information, inadequate knowledge and awareness, poor market infrastructure and geography and poor transportation services. The authors recommend to the government through ministries in charge of agriculture and trade to take serious measures to improve market and marketing services of fresh fruits and vegetable services through building storage centres, educating intermediaries and farmers on best marketing practices and furnishing farmer and intermediaries with information on international available market opportunities for fresh fruits and vegetables

In this study, we have proposed a metamaterial loaded microstrip patch antenna for the sub-6 GHz range to operate in the Unlicensed National Information Infrastructure (U-NII) band. The Proposed Microstrip Patch Antenna (PMPA) has a U-shaped patch and an array of Complementary Split Ring Resonators (CSRR) in the ground plane. By adding a slot in the middle, the rectangular patch becomes a U-shaped one which is responsible for the enhancement of antenna bandwidth and gain. Our antenna provides a bandwidth of 392 MHz which is about 2.7 times larger compared to that of a Conventional Microstrip Patch Antenna (CMPA) of the same dimension. The maximum gain of our antenna is found 6.56 dB which is around 2 dB higher than that of the conventional one (4.72 dB). Due to the addition of the CSRR array in the ground plane, an improved impedance matching of 50 ohms has been achieved. The operating frequency range of the PMPA is from 5.525 to 5.917 GHz which can be used for 5G applications such as Wi-fi, Wi-Max, and IoT devices in the U-NII band.

ABSTRAK Tujuan utama dari makalah ini untuk menguji secara empiris pengaruh zakat, Produk Domestik Regional Bruto (PDRB) perkapita, Upah Minimum Regional/Provinsi (UMP), dan inflasi terhadap tingkat gini rasio di 34 provinsi di Indonesia selama tahun 2018-2020. Temuan penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa distribusi zakat yang diproksikan dengan Indeks Kesejahteraan BAZNAS serta tingkat inflasi secara statistik tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap tingkat ketimpangan pendapatan di Indonesia. Sementara itu, tingkat PDRB perkapita dan UMP memiliki arah hubungan negatif dan berpengaruh signifikan secara statistik terhadap tingkat ketimpangan pendapatan di Indonesia. Penelitian ini memberikan rekomendasi kepada pengelola zakat untuk menciptakan dan mengembangkan program zakat yang mampu memberdayakan perekonomian mustahik sehingga mampu mengurangi tingkat kesenjangan pendapatan dalam masyarakat. Selain itu, seluruh pemangku kepentingan (stakeholders) harus bersinergi dalam upaya meningkatkan realisasi pengumpulan dana zakat di lembaga dengan melalui peningkatan literasi dan kesadaran masyarakat guna mengoptimalisasikan peran zakat dalam peningkatan kesejahteraan masyarakat. Kata kunci: Indeks Kesejahteraan BAZNAS, Ketimpangan Pendapatan, Makroekonomi, Zakat. ABSTRACT The main objective of this paper was to empirically examine the effect of zakat, Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) percapita, Regional/Provincial Minimum Wage, and inflation on the gini ratio in 34 provinces in Indonesia during 2018-2020. The findings of this study indicate that the distribution of zakat, which is proxied by the BAZNAS Welfare Index, and the inflation rate has no statistically significant effect on the level of income inequality in Indonesia. Meanwhile, GRDP per capita and Regional/Provincial Minimum Wage levels have a negative and statistically significant relationship to the level of income inequality in Indonesia. In order to lessen the degree of income inequality in society, this study offers recommendations to zakat managers on how to design and develop zakat programs that can strengthen the mustahik's economy. In addition, all stakeholders must work together in an effort to increase the realization of zakat fund collection in institutions by increasing literacy and public awareness in order to maximize the contribution of zakat to raising the welfare of mankind. Keywords: Baznas Welfare Index, Income Inequality, Macroeconomics, Zakat. REFERENCES Abdelbaki, D. H. H. (2013). The impact of zakat on poverty and income inequality in Bahrain. Review of Integrative Business & Economics Reseacrh, 2(1), 133–154. Afandi, A., Rantung, V. P., & Marashdeh, H. (2017). Determinants of income inequality. 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A novel configuration of quad-band bowtie antenna suitable for wireless application is proposed based on accurate equivalent circuit model. The simple configuration and low profile nature of the proposed antenna lead to easy multifrequency operation. The proposed antenna is designed to satisfy specific bandwidth specifications for current communication systems including the Bluetooth (frequency range 2.4–2.485 GHz) and bands of the Unlicensed National Information Infrastructure (U-NII) low band (frequency range 5.15–5.35 GHz) and U-NII mid band (frequency range 5.47–5.725 GHz) and used for mobile WiMAX (frequency range 3.3–3.6 GHz). To validate the proposed equivalent circuit model, the simulation results are compared with those obtained by the moments method of Momentum software, the finite integration technique of CST Microwave studio, and the finite element method of HFSS software. An excellent agreement is achieved for all the designed antennas. The analysis of the simulated results confirms the successful design of quad-band bowtie antenna.

Background: The timely identification of patients at risk of acute kidney injury (AKI), along with early prevention, real-time monitoring, and prompt intervention, plays a crucial role in enhancing patient prognosis after major surgery. Methods: We conducted a comprehensive search across multiple databases, including Web of Science, EMBASE, MEDLINE, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and Cochrane Library. Each study’s risk of bias was independently evaluated as low, moderate, or high, utilizing criteria adapted from Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies 2. The analysis was performed using STATA V.17.0 and R software V.3.4.1. Diagnostic tests were ranked based on the dominance index. We performed meta-analyses to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) individually. We then carried out a network meta-analysis to compare the performances of these biomarkers. Results: Fifteen studies were included in this analysis. The meta-analysis findings revealed that among all the biomarkers assessed, serum cystatin C (s-CysC) (hierarchical summary receiver operating characteristic curve [HSROC] 82%, 95% CI 0.78–0.85) exhibited the highest HSROC value. The network meta-analysis demonstrated that urinary kidney injury molecule-1 (u-KIM-1) and s-CysC displayed relatively higher sensitivity and specificity, respectively. In subgroup analyses, u-KIM-1 in the urine output (OU) group (OR 303.75, 95% CI 3.39–1844.88), s-CysC in the non-OU group (OR 10.31, 95% CI 3.09–26.2), interleukin-18 in the noncardiac surgery group (OR 46.20, 95% CI 0.48–307.68), s-CysC in the cardiac group (OR 12.42, 95% CI 2.9–35.86), u-KIM-1 in the retrospective group (OR 243.00, 95% CI 1.73–1582.11), and s-CysC in the prospective group (OR 8.35, 95% CI 2.34–21.15) had the best diagnostic accuracy. However, it is important to note that existing publication bias may reduce the reliability of the above-mentioned results. Conclusion: The biomarker of s-CysC has the highest HSROC value to predicting acute kidney injury after major surgery in meta-analysis and relatively higher specificity in network meta-analyses. u-KIM-1 exhibited relatively higher sensitivity, with best diagnostic accuracy in the OU and retrospective group in the subgroup analysis.

The U.S. National Cybersecurity Strategy is focused on the five pillars of defending critical infrastructure: detect, disrupt, and dismantle threat actors; improve market resilience and security; invest in future resilience; and create international partnerships with shared goals. The National Cybersecurity Strategy Implementation Plan is focused on critical infrastructure supporting energy, financial, healthcare, information technology, and manufacturing sectors. In the U.S. alone, the SolarWinds supply chain attack affected nine federal agencies and about 100 companies. Ransomware attacks such as the Colonial Pipelines, the largest U.S. oil pipeline, disrupted supplies of gasoline and fuel to the U.S. East Coast and the JBS USA as the largest meat processor ransomware attack affecting one-fifth of the nation’s meat supply. The U.S. National Cybersecurity Strategy as a response to the U.S.’s critical infrastructure concerns led to the creation of two core cybersecurity documents which were crafted jointly with several other allies. Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) crafted the Shifting the Balance of Cybersecurity Risk: Principles and Approaches for Secure by Design Software with joint agreement with National Security Agency (NSA), the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), and 15 international government agencies to give international vendors a roadmap of the expected cybersecurity hygiene required from their products. (CISA, 2023a; Car & De Luca, 2022) Building on the Shifting the Balance of Cybersecurity Risk: Principles and Approaches for Secure by Design Software, CISA, FBI and NSA met with cybersecurity organizations from Australia, Canada, New Zealand, and United Kingdom and jointly created The Case for Memory Safe Roadmaps: Why Both C-Suite Executives and Technical Experts Need to Take Memory Safe Coding Seriously as a core issue identified in the earlier guidance. (CISA, 2023c). These led by the U.S. helped initiate an international cybersecurity norm insisting international software manufacturers demonstrate product security and transparency. They showed how a global community can rally to solve cybersecurity challenges that have existed for decades. This led to twenty of the largest international software vendors creating the Minimum Viable Secure Product (MSVP) Working Group to address the requirements levied by these documents; CISA has joined this working group to help shape procurement, contractual controls, self-assessment, and system development lifecycle (SDLC) with these vendors. (CISA, 2024d; MSVP, n.d.) This research argues that the U.S. National Security Council (NSC) should leverage the talent pool of CISA, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Department of Defense (DoD), FBI, and NSA to improve detection, information sharing, security standards, and implementation for not only the U.S.’s government and commercial sectors, but also helps our allies and partners. The DoD and Office of the Director of National Intelligence (ODNI) have made great strides in improving security by integrating improvements with Zero Trust Architecture (ZTA), Supply Chain Risk Management (SCRM), Software Supply Chain Security, Cybersecurity Safety Review Board (CSRB), Cybersecurity Incident & Vulnerability Response Playbooks, and DoD National Security Systems (NSS) standards. The NSC should coordinate through CISA to develop a collaborative effort to not only benefit the U.S. critical infrastructure but also help our allies and partners.

This study aims to determine the relationship between the quality of infrastructure and visitor satisfaction, knowing the relationship between service personnel and visitor satisfaction, knowing the relationship between the quality of infrastructure and service officers together with visitor satisfaction and knowing the relationship between visitor satisfaction and increased community economic income. in the natural attractions of Curug Nangka, Mount Halimun Salak National Park. The approach used in this research is a mixed method explanatory sequential design, which is a method of data collection that begins with quantitative data collection and then continues with qualitative data collection to help analyze. This research will begin with data collection that begins with quantitative data collection, which examines three variables. Research variables that will be used in this study consist of independent variables (independent variables), namely the X1 variable quality of infrastructure, X2 service of officers and the dependent variable (dependent variable), namely the variable Y visitor satisfaction. The quantitative data will be deepened by collecting qualitative data, namely to obtain information about the effect of visitor satisfaction with an increase in people's economic income in the natural tourism object of Curug Nangka, Mount Halimun Salak National Park. The data obtained by distributing questionnaires using a Likert scale. The population in quantitative research is the total number of visitors in 2020, namely 28,974 people / person and a sample of 100 people was drawn while the population and sample for qualitative research were 47 natural tourism actors. The data analysis model in this study used quantitative and qualitative analysis. The quantitative analysis used single and multiple regression analysis and correlation while the qualitative analysis used Miles and Hubermann (1984). The results showed that there was a moderate relationship between the quality of infrastructure and visitor satisfaction, a strong relationship between officer service and visitor satisfaction, and a very strong relationship between the quality of infrastructure and service officers together with visitor satisfaction and knowing a positive relationship. between visitor satisfaction and the increase in people's economic income in the natural tourism object of Curug Nangka, Mount Halimun Salak National Park.

The authors discuss the sci-tech libraries in historical aspect; these libraries make the key element of the national system of sci-tech information and information services and support national science and technology. They follow the dynamics of building the network of research institutions and special sci-tech libraries that replaced technical, factory and company libraries. The role of the USSR State Public Library for Science and Technology (USSR SPLS&T) is highlighted: during the Soviet era it was the country’s head sci-tech library, the main methodological center for technological libraries, interdepartmental coordinator of user services, collection development, interlibrary loan, and translation of scitech literature. The authors emphasize the importance of the national regulation of sci-tech library and information services, and their development through building the state system of sci-tech information. The authors also examine the goals of t he S PLS&T U SSR a s a research institution in the area of library and bibliographic studies; SPLS&T supported the unity of efforts within the system. The authors analyze the implementation of the national sci-tech program; within the framework of the program, the RNPLS&T acts as the head agency of the Automated System of the Russian Union Catalog in science and technology and provides for interaction of sci-tech library network and sci-tech information institutions in using the databases by associated members. The authors substantiate the need for the new national system of sci-tech information based on the laws and regulations adopted in the recent decades. They analyze the results of 2023 All-Russian monitoring of sci-tech libraries and sci-tech information centers; evaluate the capacities of sci-tech libraries for supporting corporate projects, scitech professionals and researchers.

The quality of the innovation system and resilient and sustainable (educational, transport, information and communication) infrastructure are the most important determinants of sustainable development at the national level. The development that includes the transition to a knowledge-based economy implies sustainable development of the nations with the improvement of well-being. The aim of this paper is to point out the importance of specific indicators of industry, innovation and infrastructure as possible limiting factors of sustainability. The analysis is based on indicators of the 9 Goal of sustainable development for Serbia and five neighbouring countries for the period from 2017 to 2022. It will be concluded about the key advantages and disadvantages of analysed countries in relation to this goal of sustainable development.

230 Background: Many community cancer research programs aim to exceed Good Clinical Practices. To support such efforts, the National Cancer Institute and collaborators began developing the Clinical Trials Assessment of Infrastructure Matrix (CT AIM) Tool in 2008. CT AIM’s 3 levels of exemplary performance span 11 infrastructure attributes. 2013’s revisions focused on interpretability, usability, and measurability. Methods: Tool input was obtained at national research meetings. Also, 4 Principal Investigator-Program Administrator (PI/PA) pairs from NCI-funded community cancer programs with varied demographics (eg, size, population) underwent cognitive interviews. Aggregated responses and a major-themes summary led to tool revisions. Next a web-based version was piloted with 4 more PI/PA pairs. The frequency/distribution of responses within pairs was assessed. The revised tool was then field-tested with 9 more PIs and scoring method feedback was collected; the tool was further revised. Results: Per community input and cognitive interviews: (1) “best practice” designation was replaced with “assessment of infrastructure”, (2) attributes were reordered based on perceived importance, (3) terms and cumulativeness of levels were clarified. Receiving 0 “don’t understand”s indicated improvement in clarity. 64% of “don’t know” responses were from respondents at the same program and 5 were from the biospecimen research attribute, indicating the information is difficult for programs to obtain. PI/PA responses varied 36% of the time, of which 70% involved a 1-level difference in response, indicating variation in responses by program role. 2 questions generated inconsistent responses from all 4 pairs, indicating possible further revisions. Average scoring was more accurate and sensitive to incremental program improvements. Conclusions: Broad community input, cognitive interviews, and piloting improved the tool’s clarity. Program leaders are encouraged to use CT AIM with research team members to enhance site infrastructure. CT AIM is useful for quality improvement, benchmarking research performance, progress reporting, and communicating program needs with institutional leaders. NCI Contract No. HHSN261200800001E

The aim of the study was search and analysis of the data of review, experimental and clinical scientific and medical publications on the issues of the possible role of VD in pathogenesis of lichenoid dermatoses. Materials and methods: An analysis of the studying of the scientific and medical literature was shown. Searching was carried out through the PubMed/MEDLINE portal from the databases of the National Center Biotechnology Information, Web of Science Core Collection, U. S. National Library of Medicine, National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence, as well as the portals «Scientific Electronic Library eLIBRARY.RU», «Russian Science Citation Index (RSCI)» and «Index Copernicus». Conclusions: The results of studies had convincingly demonstrated that deficiency of VD in the blood, decrease vitamin D receptors activity can lead to development of lichenoid dermatoses.

SummarySubstantial global and national commitment will be required for current healthcare systems and health professional practices to become learning care systems utilizing information and communications technology (ICT) empowered by informatics. To engage this multifaceted challenge, a vision is required that shifts the emphasis from silos of activities toward integrated systems. Successful systems will include a set of essential elements, e.g., a sufficient ICT infrastructure, evolving health care processes based on evidence and harmonized to local cultures, a fresh view toward educational preparation, sound and sustained policy support, and ongoing applied research and development.Increasingly, leaders are aware that ICT empowered by informatics must be an integral part of their national and regional visions. This paper sketches out the elements of what is needed in terms of objectives and some steps toward achieving them. It summarizes some of the progress that has been made to date by the American and International Medical Informatics Associations working separately as well as collaborating to conceptualize informatics capacity building in order to bring this vision to reality in low resource nations in particular.

The Spartina anglica in the tidal flat at the southern part of Ganghwado, it is known that the distribution area has gradually expanded since it was officially announced as invasive alien species in 2015. The government and local governments are continuing their efforts to remove the S. anglica, and for this, continuous distribution change monitoring is required. This study extracted the data of distribution and extent area of S. anglica from Zenmuse P1 sensor, and generated the high-resolution Digital Elevation Model (DEM) from Zenmuse L1 sensor. Optical and Lidar images were photographed at an altitude of 70 m, and Ground Sampling Distance (GSD) of optical images was obtained at 0.9 cm and GSD of lidar images at 5 cm spatial resolution. However, the data are resampled and provided in GSD 25 cm to comply with the "National Spatial Information Security Management Regulations of the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport" and "Security Business Regulations of the National Intelligence Service".

Abstract:We have developed a quantitative serial ranking system based on multiple citation analysis techniques, library use statistics, expert opinion, and selected distinguishing publication characteristics. Evaluation criteria categories include: average Science Citation Index (Impact Factor, Immediacy Index, Total citations) rankings from 1987 to 1992; citation source counts of multiple “core” biomedical informatics publications; a questionnaire sent to American College of Medical Informatics Fellows; publication delay; distinguishing characteristics (e. g., subscription cost, total circulation, year established, places indexed, affiliation with a professional society, major biomedical resource library holdings); and the total number of interlibrary loan requests to the U. S. National Library of Medicine. The top serials were Computers and Biomedical Research, MD Computing, Methods of Information in Medicine, Medical Decision Making and Computers in Biology and Medicine.

AbstractFor 20 years the U. S. Newspaper and Brittle Books Programs focused national resources on a singular approach to preserving acidic paper in research libraries—converting printed “information” to microfilm. In many cases, the original historical material was discarded in the process. This method failed to address the root problem that could have been solved more effectively and more economically through preventive conservation. Such conservation was ignored because an ulterior motive to the brittle books “crisis” was to establish a national digital library. A serious consequence arising from this subterfuge is that today mid-sized research libraries are not committed to—and perhaps fail to comprehend the importance of—preserving their general collections. Collectively these diverse, paper-based collections represent a huge swath of the nation’s historical record. Falsely believing digital media will make paper obsolete, and motivated by a need to create space in libraries, today’s vigorous weeding for non-rare, paper-based general collections threatens to destroy evidence that will be required for research and future digitization projects. These materials will be needed as backups to accurately regenerate screen copies; as master copies to augment, enhance, or correct faulty screen copies; and, as authentication to verify original production techniques and determine provenance. Without careful coordination and item-level verification, today’s isolated weeding practices could eviscerate American general collections with devastating results for future scholarship, repeating the mistakes of the U. S. Newspaper and Brittle Books Programs.

AbstractThe aim of this study was to determine the match locomotor characteristics of a sample of U-20 Brazilian female soccer players. Seven international matches were analyzed during the 2015 U-20 South American Championship, using global positioning technology. During a typical match, fullbacks and forwards covered greater distances in high-intensity running and sprinting than central defenders and midfielders (effect size [ES]=1.42–3.69). In the final 15 min of a game, total and high-intensity running distance and player load were ≈20 to 35% (ES=0.41–3.86) lower than in the first 15 min period for midfielders, fullbacks, forwards, and central defenders. Sprinting, and high-intensity running distances, and the frequency of accelerations >2 m.s−2 immediately after the most intense 5-min period declined in forwards (ES=1.78–2.67), fullbacks (ES=1.96–5.25), midfielders (ES=1.66–3.77), and central defenders (ES=1.50–4.22). Maintaining ‘high’ levels of activity in the first half resulted in ≈19% reductions in the second half for sprinting distance and frequency of accelerations >2 m.s−2 (ES=0.43 and 0.88), while increases in these locomotor activities were observed in situations with ‘low’ levels of activity (ES=0.64 and 1.12, for sprinting and accelerations >2 m.s−2, respectively) (within-subject analysis). The data demonstrate that high-intensity efforts are reduced during various phases of international matches and overall activity patterns vary among playing positions. This information could be useful in the development and prescription of sex- and age-specific training regimes.

In this paper, a dual wideband microstrip antenna (MSA) has been presented for wireless local area networks (WLAN), worldwide interoperability for microwave access (Wi MaX) and U-NII band applications. The antenna is designed and simulated using CSTMWS V'10. The main goal of this paper is to get multi-frequency behavior by cutting resonant slots into the patch of the antenna and a wideband antenna behavior using an aperture coupled feeding method. The designed antenna has a semi-spiral G-shaped compact structure and an electromagnetically coupled feeding mechanism (aperture-coupled feeding). It is fabricated on an FR4 substrate with a dielectric constant of 4.4 and a dielectric loss tangent of 0.009. The testing of prototype antenna (to measure S11) is done using a vector network analyzer. The measured results are 80% matching to the simulated ones. The parametric study, simulation results, measured results, and applications of the MSA for WLAN, WiMAX, and the FCC unlicensed 5.2 GHz National Information Infrastructure (U-NII) bands are presented in the paper. The antenna shows a simulated gain of about 4.5 dB at the three wireless application bands.

Introduction/purpose: The paper analyzes the impact of malicious codes in the cloud. Malicious code is an unauthorized piece of code that violates the integrity of an application and infrastructure to cause certain effects, such as security breaches, spread of infections, and data infiltration from the computer with the help of malicious software - this is a simple form of data theft which can lead to disastrous consequences in all segments of society, especially when it comes to national security. To overcome this challenge, it is necessary to detect holes in the safety of cloud environments and repair them before the attackers use these vulnerabilities to bypass the integrated cloud infrastructure. Methods: Structural analysis, functional analysis, comparative analysis, synthesis. Results: There are many factors for collecting, comparing, and delivering intelligence data on cloud threats. Cloud applications are increasingly being targeted because their use to store and share data with mobile application hosting has been increased exponentially, enabling industrial automation and business information monitoring and procurement. In addition, billions of devices on the Internet use the cloud infrastructure as a background for processing and transmitting large data sets. Malicious code is easily distributed due to the ease of sharing documents and files via the cloud. Conclusion: As cloud technologies are taking a central place in the world of digital transformation, the threat to the cloud environment is expected to grow exponentially. This means that organizations need to ensure that the cyber security position of the cloud infrastructure they possess is robust and mature enough to combat all relevant security threats in order to minimize business risks. Understanding the nature of practical security controls and how they are assessed enables organizations to build a practical approach to security and privacy in the cloud.

Problem setting. The construction of an innovation society and ensuring the competitiveness of domestic science depends largely on the effective activity of research infrastructures. In turn, research infrastructures depend on their information support, as information is one of the most valuable resources in the modern world. Analysis of recent researches and publications. Innovative infrastructures were investigated in the works of such domestic scientists as S. V. Hlibko, I. V. Podrez-Riapolova and others. Research infrastructure was considered by N. M. Vnukova, O. V. Holovashchenko, V. P. Kokhan. H. P. Klimova investigated the issue of knowledge transfer in innovative infrastructures. Among the foreign scientists who have studied research infrastructure, you can mention M. Stührenberg, O. Schonefeld, A. Witt, F. Giladi and others. Target of research. The purpose of the article is to identify legal and organizational obstacles that interfere with the rational use of data, as well as to determine the means of eliminating them for establishing effective information support of research infrastructures. Article’s main body. Effective activity of research infrastructures is possible solely if their information support is available. In turn, obtaining access to information and its circulation are faced with a number of legal and organizational problems. Legal problems include: 1) copyright issues that are quite inconsistent in different countries and requires special approaches; 2) issues of protection of personal data; 3) issues of behavior of Internet giants; 4) issues of international scientific cooperation under a single agreed legislation. Organizational problems include: 1) the issue of irrational use of data through their localization, stagnation and «dying» in one place; 2) issues of implementation of fair-principles of data management; 3) questions of standardization of data for the machine processing; 4) issues of construction of centralized data infrastructure. Conclusions and prospects for the development. Researchers who work with personal data of EU citizens should pay attention to the peculiarities of protection of personal data defined by General Data Protection Regulation, Regulation No. 1725/2018 and other acts. The specifics of copyright rules at the level of individual national legislation should also be taken into account. One of the significant obstacles to the free receipt of large and useful arrays of information is the behavior of Internet giants, which complicate its free circulation on the basis of “protection of personal data”. In connection with this domestic legislators, it is advisable to draw a clear boundary between «personal», «non -personal», «mixed», «anonymized» and «pseudonymized» data. For more efficient development of national research infrastructures, Ukraine should increase international cooperation, in particular on ERIC projects and integration into the European Research Area. In order to prevent irrational use of information, it is necessary to promote FAIR-principles (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, Reusable) of data management and pay attention to the standardization of scientific data for their processing machine. It is advisable to build a centralized data infrastructure, which will be able to ensure the practical execution of these condemnations and rationalizes the accumulation and circulation of data.

Jerome E. Dobson, professor emeritus, University of Kansas; president of the American Geographical Society; and recipient of the 2014 James R. Anderson Medal of Honor in Applied Geography, discusses his career in the context of America's academic purge of geography. Highlights include his time as a Jefferson Science Fellow with the National Academies and U. S. Department of State. Dobson has been recognized with two lifetime achievement awards for his pioneering work in geographic information systems (GIS) and as Alumnus of 2013 at Reinhardt University. His contributions include the paradigm of automated geography, his instrumental role in originating the National Center for Geographic Information and Analysis, and his leadership of the LandScan Global Population Database, the de facto world standard for estimating populations at risk. His recent research includes testing a new system for mapping minefields; designing and promulgating the current world standard for cartographic representation of landmines, minefields, and mine actions; and leading six AGS Bowman Expeditions.

Since 1980's, all the developed countries have built up national computer network of education and scientific network, which have been the most important infrastructure of education and scientific research in these countries and facilitate their development. China began to invest in building Cernet (China Education and Research Network) since 1994.Many colleges and universities have set up their own campus network. Liaocheng University set up their own campus network in 1997. In order to ensure high availability, high stability and high security of campus network, network information center staff conducted a lot of practice to explore, finally we find some way for Liaocheng University.

AbstractPrecise, species-level identification of plants in foods and dietary supplements is difficult. While the use of DNA barcoding regions (short regions of DNA with diagnostic utility) has been effective for many inquiries, it is not always a robust approach for closely related species, especially in highly processed products. The use of fully sequenced chloroplast genomes, as an alternative to short diagnostic barcoding regions, has demonstrated utility for closely related species. The U. S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has also developed species-specific DNA-based assays targeting plant species of interest by utilizing chloroplast genome sequences. Here, we introduce a repository of complete chloroplast genome sequences called GenomeTrakrCP, which will be publicly available at the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI). Target species for inclusion are plants found in foods and dietary supplements, toxin producers, common contaminants and adulterants, and their close relatives. Publicly available data will include annotated assemblies, raw sequencing data, and voucher information with each NCBI accession associated with an authenticated reference herbarium specimen. To date, 40 complete chloroplast genomes have been deposited in GenomeTrakrCP (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bioproject/PRJNA325670/), and this will be expanded in the future.

Abstract Subject and purpose of the work: T he p aper e xamines t he p rogress o f c rops u nder t he c rop insurance scheme in Haryana State of India. Materials and Methods: T he s tudy is based on secondary data over a period of 16 years, since the launching of crop insurance schemes in Haryana. In 2004, the National Agriculture Insurance Scheme was started, then the Modified National Agriculture Insurance Scheme and in 2016 Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana were launched. We collected seasonal information regarding the number of farmers, sums insured, premiums paid, claims, etc., in order to analyse the percentage of loanee and non-loanee farmers. Results: The study revealed a positive performance of loanee farmers, non-loanee farmers and the area covered, the number of beneficiaries and claims paid to insured farmers from the beginning of crop insurance as referred in the paper. Conclusions: This study has shown that there is a positive performance of National Agriculture Insurance (NAIS), Modified National Agriculture Insurance Scheme (MNAIS) and Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana (PMFBY) in Haryana.

The study assesses the influence of the dimensions of agency’s capacities to the performance in generating own sources revenues in the government agencies in Tanzania. The study used institutional theory and contingency theory, an explanatory case study strategy together with survey methods to assess the influence of government agencies’ capacities to the performance in generating own sources' revenues. Data were collected by administering 80 questionnaires to agency’s senior officers who were members of the management team and staff at large. The government agencies that were purposively selected to be part of this study were National Housing and Building Research Agency (NHBRA), Agency for Development of Educational Management (ADEM) and Taasisi ya Sanaa na Utamaduni Bagamoyo (TaSUBa).The findings of this study revealed that planning and development, human resource, and infrastructure capacity significantly and positively influence the performance of the agency in generating own source revenues. However, financial capacity and good governance were found to have insignificant influence. This might be contributed by the fact that there were ineffective governance practices in term of ineffective committees, poor policies and procedures as it was revealed in descriptive analysis. It is concluded that the critical capacities which strongly and positively influence the performance of the agency in generating own source revenues are planning and development capacity, human resource capacity, and infrastructure capacity. The study recommends that these government agencies must find more sources of revenue, consider seriously the issue of motivation to staff, operate competitively, have complex and good long term strategic plans and aim at implementing them. The implication of the study findings is that it contributes knowledge to the administrative actors and also policy and regulation makers such as the parliament of Tanzania, the office of the CAG and ministry for finance to form policies on the five dimensions of capacity that will enable government agencies to improve and grow

The aim of this paper is to present the Information System on Research Activity in Bosnia and Herzegovina - E-CRIS.BH, and the total number of registered researchers, research organizations, departments and projects, but also the number of bibliographic records to which the typology of documents/works has been assigned within the mutual COBISS.BH database. E-CRIS.BH is an information system that represents an electronic database of researchers, research organizations, research departments and research projects. It is an information system on research activities in Bosnia and Herzegovina, which originated from the Register of Scientific Institutions, Scientific Staff, Scientific and Research Projects and Infrastructure Investments in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina and the Register of Scientific Institutions, Scientific Staff, Scientific and Research Projects and Infrastructure Investments in Canton of Sarajevo. The Register of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina is conceived as an umbrella system and the registers of the canton as its subsystems. The project was implemented by the Academy of Sciences and Arts of Bosnia and Herzegovina. The connection of E-CRIS.BH with the bibliographic database of COBISS.BH provides insight into the bibliographies of researchers, which are an integral part of every scientific work, a condition for synthesizing knowledge and data that lead to the required scientific results. The COBISS users have the opportunity to record researchers, research organizations, departments and projects necessary for the creation of a bibliography of researchers and organizations within their national library information systems in the COBISS.Net network (regional network). The results show that 2.230 researchers and 86 organizations have been registered so far in E-CRIS.BH. A total of 73.657 bibliographic records have been created so far within the COBISS.BH common database, which a typology of documents/works has been assigned to. In the first group – articles and other components – a typology was determined for 21.122 bibliographic records. In the second group – monographs and other completed works - a typology was determined for 52.372 bibliographic records. In the third group – performed works - (events) – a typology was determined for 163 bibliographic records.

B a c k g r o u n d . Protection of motherhood and childhood in Ukraine is considered as a strategic national priority, which is important for ensuring the national security of Ukraine, the effectiveness of the internal policy of the state. Since pregnant women are at risk, more likely to suffer from serious ailments and have a higher risk of premature birth if they develop COVID-19, influenza or other infectious diseases, improving the state's immunoprevention strategy is urgently needed in today's environment. M e t h o d s . The purpose of the study is a comprehensive analysis of the situation regarding the vaccination of pregnant women in Ukraine with the identification of problem areas, with further substantiation of recommendations for the development of the public strategy for immunoprophylaxis of pregnant women in Ukraine. To achieve this goal the main tasks were the following: to find out the attitude of pregnant women and women in labor to vaccination, in particular, regarding the infection of COVID-19; develop international documents and national policies on the prevention of infectious diseases in pregnant women; to analyze problematic issues in the context of the formation and implementation of the current strategy of vaccination of pregnant women in Ukraine. R e s u l t s . The results of the study showed: more than half of the respondents had symptoms or were sick with COVID-19 before giving birth; only 17 percent of respondents expressed the desire to prevent a severe course of the disease through vaccination; despite the massive spread of fake information about vaccination and against the background of an active anti-vaccination movement, pregnant women still trust information from the Internet, friends or the media more than medical workers to make decisions about their health; among those who have not been vaccinated in the respondent group, almost 60 percent of women still hesitate or do not want to be vaccinated. С o n c l u s i o n s . Given that pregnant women are at increased risk of serious complications from COVID-19 and other infectious diseases, increasing data and knowledge about vaccination in this target group is important to help reduce vaccination hesitancy. The data analyzed do not support an increased risk of adverse outcomes after vaccination against COVID-19 during pregnancy, therefore vaccination should be recommended because the benefits of vaccination during pregnancy appear to outweigh any potential risks. Monitoring and analysis of the course of infectious diseases in pregnant women in Ukraine is necessary to make sure that the recommendations and management decisions made are correct. Targeted interventions should be explored to maximize the uptake of the COVID-19 vaccine among pregnant women, particularly at risk. As an effective mechanism of the monitoring and analysis system for managed infections, we propose to consider the creation of an electronic register of vaccinations for pregnant women and an "immunization passport".

B a c k g r o u n d . The relevance and purpose of the research. Institutions of higher education (HEIs) are mostly city-forming objects, and the design of the surrounding territory affects their image, the aestheticization of the environment, and performs a decorative function. Today's challenges require the improvement of landscapes and architecture of higher education institutions, and this problem is urgent, because universities gather a large number of young people from different regions and countries of the world, who have to live and study in appropriate comfortable conditions. Mostly, the problem of organizing the territory is considered from the point of view of greening, rather than a comprehensive landscape project. Therefore, the formation of a holistic space of the university campus, taking into account modern scientific approaches to the design of landscape architecture objects in the conditions of global climate change, seems to be extremely relevant. The goal is to conduct an analysis of the features of the organization of the green zone of the Taras Shevchenko Kyiv National University campus (Exhibition Center campus) taking into account the requirements that are put forward to the higher educational institution. Research materials and methods. The object of research was the territory of the Taras Shevchenko Kyiv National University campus (Exhibition Center campus). M e t h o d s . Methods of searching for information in printed and electronic publications, searchable scientific databases, as well as methods of data analysis, comparison and generalization, field surveys, measurements on geodetic maps using the AutoCADin vector format. R e s u l t s . The standards for greening the territory of the ZVO were analyzed. The state of green spaces of higher educational institutions depends on the selection of plants adapted to climatic and soil conditions, as well as recreational loads. Most Ukrainian institutions of higher education do not meet the standards of "green universities". The functional zoning of the KNU campus (Exhibition Center) complies with building regulations, but the green area on the territory is distributed unevenly. It is necessary to pay attention to the use of phytoorganic background of green park plantings as an option of aerofitotherapy, taking into account modern data on the positive effect of biogenic volatile organic substances on the human body. C o n c l u s i o n s . The green zone is an integral element of the structure of educational campuses, when developing each of the design options for the solution of the territory, it is necessary to offer a new image that corresponds to modern trends in design and will make it possible to create a functionally sufficient and unique environment.

Forests provide many goods, Ecosystem services, and resources to humans such as recreation air purification and water protection functions. In rececnt years, there has been an increase in the factors that threaten the health of forests such as global warming due to climate change, environmental pollution, and the increase in interest in forests, and efforts are being made in various countries for forest management. Thus, existing forest ecosystem survey method is a monitoring method of sampling points, and it is difficult to utilize forests for forest management because Korea is surveying only a small part of the forest area occupying 63.7 % of the country (Ministry of Land Infrastructure and Transport Korea, 2016). Therefore, in order to manage large forests, a method of interpolating and spatializing data is needed. In this study, The 1st Korea Forest Health Management biodiversity Shannon;s index data (National Institute of Forests Science, 2015) were used for spatial interpolation. Two widely used methods of interpolation, Kriging method and IDW(Inverse Distance Weighted) method were used to interpolate the biodiversity index. Vegetation indices SAVI, NDVI, LAI and SR were used. As a result, Kriging method was the most accurate method.

One of the main challenges of developing countries is to shorten the digital divide that exists with developed countries and countries in transition. The government of Ecuador through its National Plan for Technologies and Telecommunications (Plan Nacional de Telecomunicaciones y Tecnologías), has as a goal to give universal access to Technologies of Information and Communication (TICs) to its entire citizens. One of its projects is to assure connectivity and infrastructure in schools. This paper proposes a low-cost open source solution to improve the access to information technology and communication through computers to children of schools in low income areas. The proposed alternative was set out to using the Raspberry Pi 3 s a substitute of standard computer. Its performance and capabilities were put to test comparing them to standard PC main functions. the pilot experiment was implemented at the "Ciudad de Ariel" elementary school, located on Durán, Ecuador.