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1
Daly, Brenda, und Reuben Roberts. „Possibilities and Pitfalls with Establishing a National Data Store for Natural Science Collections“. Biodiversity Information Science and Standards 2 (06.06.2018): e27244. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/biss.2.27244.
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The South African National Biodiversity Institute (SANBI) has initiated the development of the National Biodiversity Information System to provide access to integrated South African biodiversity information. The aim of the project is to centrally manage all biodiversity information to support researchers, conservationists, policy and decision-makers in achieving their goals, support planners in making sensible decisions, and help SANBI understand the anthropogenic impact on biodiversity. The project is set to deliver a centralised web-based infrastructure to capture, aggregate, manage, discover, analyse and visualise biodiversity data and associated information through a suite of tools and spatial layers. The infrastructure is a Microsoft technology stack with microservices component architecture (http://microservices.io/patterns/microservices.html), which is vital to building an application out of small collaborating services, stemming from integrating the enterprise system. SANBI conducted a review of the data holdings of the individual herbaria and museums in South Africa. The intention is to have a federated approach to data management, exposing what is available as a collection but ensuring that each individual natural science collection has full ownership and management control over their data within a defined framework and governed by internationally accepted data policies and standards. The presentation highlights the opportunities and unexpected difficulties with developing a national botanical and zoological collections data management service in South Africa.
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Willem, Jansen van Rensburg, Voster H. J. Ineke, Van Zijl J.J.B und Venter Sonja L. „Conservation of African Leafy Vegetables in South Africa“. African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development 7, Nr. 15 (07.07.2007): 01–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.18697/ajfand.15.ipgri2-5.
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The nutritional and cultural importance of African Leafy Vegetables has become very important in South Africa in the past few years. Recent research has also confirmed these issues, leading to the incorporation of African Vegetables into the core business of the ARC. ARC -Roodepl aat wants to improve the distribution and conservation status of African Leafy Vegetables. Geographical collection data on Amarant, Cleome gynandra, Corchorus olitorius and Vigna inguiculata was obtained from the National Botanical Institute and the data w as analyzed with DIVA and Flora map. Ecogeographical distribution maps were drawn to predict the possible distribution of the species. Germplasm of African Leafy Vegetables was collected during routine visits and the conservation status was discussed with participants in the study areas of Arthurstone in Bushbuckridge, Watershed near Ladysmith and Mars/Glenroy near Polokwane. Germplasm of various species were also collected in collaboration with the Plant Genetic Resource Centre (NPGRC) of the Department of Agriculture in Arthurstone and Watershed. The NPGRC included leafy vegetables in their mandate since this trip. Seed flow diagrams were used to discuss the Watershed com munity’s seed exchange systems. It was clear when discussing African leafy vegetable s in communities that their conservation and utilization are declining. Also looking at the trendlines of African Vegetables availability and utilization it is clear that the use and availability of African Leafy vegetables are declining due to various rea sons. Two major reasons are the negative image of the African Leafy Vegetables and the increased use of “exotic” vegetables like spinach and carrots. The active promotion, use and conservation of African Leafy Vegetables are important if we want to increase the production potential and potential contribution towards food security in South Africa. This will ensure that the status of these crops is enhanced, specifically their contributing towards sustainable nutrition as well as sustainable production. Resul ts from promotion activities in the project (reported in another paper) indicated that the negative image of African Leafy Vegetables could be reversed and also had an affect on the roll -out of the project to other areas of research such as plant protection, nutritional analysis and food safety, crop science and indigenous knowledge systems.
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Mearns, Martie, und Kevin Mearns. „The implementation of research recommendations at the Walter Sisulu National Botanical Garden“. Suid-Afrikaanse Tydskrif vir Natuurwetenskap en Tegnologie 28, Nr. 3 (06.09.2009): 205–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/satnt.v28i3.58.
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A comparative study Biodiversity is not a static phenomenon and many variables have an effect on accelerated biodiversity loss. While most of the variables affecting biodiversity loss are caused by humankind, many species are affected by more than one variable simultaneously. Six fundamental causes for biodiversity loss have been identifi ed, namely unsustainable population growth and associated increased pressure on natural resources; a reduced spectrum of agricultural, forestry and fishery products; failure of economic systems to attach appropriate economic value to the environment and resources; inequality in ownership, flow and management of the benefits and utilisation of resources; insufficient knowledge in the application and use of resources; and legislation and institutional systems that promote unsustainable abuse of the environment (Middleton 2003:250). The worldwide loss of biodiversity makes the management of protected areas more important than ever. Protected areas are under increasing pressure to become economically viable and independent of state grants. Tourism creates the mechanism and opportunities for protected areas to increase their economic viability while advancing the appreciation of nature. The management of these protected areas therefore includes the management of visitors. South Africa is the third most bio diverse country in the world. Amongst a variety of nature conservation endeavours nine national botanical gardens are managed by the South African National Biodiversity Institute (SANBI). One of the nine national gardens is the Walter Sisulu National Botanical Garden situated in Roodekrans towards the west of Johannesburg. A study was launched to determine preferences of visitors to the Walter Sisulu National Botanical Garden by making use of semi-structured interviews. The purpose of the study was threefold. Firstly the study was launched to determine whether visitors to the garden had an increased awareness of the ideals of environmental conservation after their visit to the garden. Secondly, the study determined the spatial preferences of visitors to the garden which was thirdly correlated to the time that they spent at each area. A number of recommendations were made and a comparative study followed twelve years after the initial study in which the implementation of the resultant findings was determined through observation and a comparison of information pamphlets and garden layout maps. It was found that large-scale changes took place in line with the recommendations made after the initial study. These included the demolition of unsuccessful theme gardens and their replacement by topical theme gardens such as water-wise gardens and a garden that attracts butterflies and birds. The educational function of the Walter Sisulu National Botanical Garden was greatly improved by adding more information plaques throughout the garden, a new interpretative centre and many additional information pamphlets that had been absent during the initial study. Major structural changes were made, such as the building of an amphitheatre which reduced the negative impact of noise and disturbance surrounding the nests of the Verreaux’s eagles that breed successfully in the garden. The changes undertaken at the garden show innovative improvements in line with the con servation principles outlined by the South African National Biodiversity Institute (SANBI). The evidence of the implementation of research recommendations from the initial study could play a direct role in improving the visitor experience, which would facilitate the economic viability of the Walter Sisulu National Botanical Garden in its endeavours to reach its conservation goals. Further research is suggested to continuously determine the areas of preference of visitors in the evolving landscape of the garden to ensure renewed interest of visitors to the garden. If botanical gardens want to succeed in their goal to increase the environmental awareness and consciousness of visitors, continuous visitor and tourism research is required to improve the visitor experiences that will result in drawing visitors in future.
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Brown, Leslie R., Itumeleng P. Magagula und Alan S. Barrett. „A vegetation classification and description of Telperion Nature Reserve, Mpumalanga, South Africa“. Vegetation Classification and Survey 3 (03.11.2022): 199–219. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/vcs.85209.
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Aims: This study identified, classified and mapped the different plant communities found on the Telperion Nature Reserve. Study area: Telperion Nature Reserve, Mpumulanga, South Africa. Methods: Using a 1:10,000 aerial photograph, Telperion was delineated into homogenous physiognomic-physiographic units. 294 sample plots (100 m2) were placed in a randomly stratified manner within identified homogenous units. Plant species present in sample plots were recorded and allocated a modified Braun-Blanquet cover abundance scale value. Sample plot data were captured into TURBOVEG and exported for editing, classification and processing in JUICE. A modified TWINSPAN classification was applied to derive a first approximation of the plant communities in a synoptic table that was refined using Braun-Blanquet procedures. Species were manually arranged into groups. Diagnostic, constant and dominant species were statistically determined from the synoptic table. Threshold values for fidelity, frequency and canopy cover were set and a final phytosociological table was produced for describing the plant species composition for the different plant communities. Results: 22 plant communities were identified for Telperion. Five were major communities, 14 were sub-communities and 13 were variants. The five major plant communities were Cyathea dregei–Ilex mitis ravine woodland, Paspalum urvillei–Phragmites australis valley bottom wetland, Diospyros lycioides–Combretum erythrophyllum riparian woodland, Eragrostis curvula–Seriphium plumosum midslope plateau grassland, and Combretum molle–Englerophytum magalismontanum rocky ridge woodland. The plant communities were also described and mapped. Conclusions: The classification, description and mapping of Telperion’s vegetation provides a basis for management decision making about wildlife stocking rates, fire planning, and vegetation management. Findings indicate that Bankenveld vegetation is heterogeneous with a variety of habitats including woodland and grassland components. Telperion has a variety of plant communities and a high plant species diversity, making it a reservoir for plant species and an important conservation area. Taxonomic reference: SA-Plant Checklist-2019–2020, South African National Biodiversity Institute, 2020, Botanical Database of Southern Africa (BODATSA) (http://posa.sanbi.org/) [accessed January 2022]. Abbreviations: BB = Braun-Blanquet; m a.s.l. = metres above sea level; TWINSPAN = Two-way indicator species analysis.
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Hitchcock, Anthony, und Anthony G. Rebelo. „The Restoration of Erica verticillata“. Sibbaldia: the International Journal of Botanic Garden Horticulture, Nr. 15 (08.12.2017): 39–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.24823/sibbaldia.2017.222.
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The Threatened Species Programme at the South African National Biodiversity Institute, Kirstenbosch National Botanical Garden, is integrated to include both ex situ and in situ conservation activities. Plant conservation is driven by South Africa’s Strategy for Plant Conservation which was developed in response to the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation.
This case study examines the conservation of Erica verticillata (whorl heath), a flagship for threatened species at Kirstenbosch, and documents the integration of ex situ with in situ conservation at three areas on the Cape Flats. The whorl heath was thought to be extinct by 1950. Horticulturists have since rediscovered eight clones in botanic gardens worldwide, the Heather Society and commercial growers. Ex situ conservation in botanic garden collections and the Millennium Seed Bank has since allowed in situ conservation in the critically endangered Cape Flats Sand Fynbos vegetation type. The process of restoring the whorl heath presented many challenges. Initially attempts were hampered by limited available knowledge on suitable niche habitats. Pioneering work carried out at Rondevlei Nature Reserve identified the suitable habitat and this was applied in subsequent in situ work at Kenilworth Racecourse Conservation Area and at Tokai Park – the only natural areas remaining in or near this species’ historical distribution range. Successful re-establishment of this species depends upon its capacity to recruit after fire, which is an essential ecological process in the fynbos. Many clones have been in cultivation for a long time and are poor seed producers: seed production was first recorded at Rondevlei only after additional clones were planted together. Only one population (Rondevlei) to date has seen a fire and thus has recruited seedlings; however these are competing with vigorous companion plants.
The study continues and is currently exploring the role of herbivory in the restoration process. The key lesson learnt to date is the need to include sustainable management of the entire ecosystem in the restoration process and not limit it to single species. Success in restoring a species depends upon a healthy stand of the vegetation type in place, along with pollinators and other key fauna and other natural ecosystem processes. It is recommended that successful re- establishment of a species in fynbos requires the reintroduced population to survive three fire cycles.
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NELSON, E. CHARLES. „VAN JAARSVELD, E.J. and WARD-HILHORST, E. Gasterias of South Africa. A new revision of a major succulent group. Vlaeburg, Fernwood Press in association with the National Botanical Institute: 1994. Pp 96; illustrated. Price: SAR 125.00. ISBN: 1-874950-01-6.“ Archives of Natural History 22, Nr. 2 (Juni 1995): 294–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/anh.1995.22.2.294b.
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Ozerova, L. V., und E. V. Golosova. „PLANT DISPLAY IN THE BOTANICAL GARDENS OF SOUTH AFRICA“. LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE IN THE GLOBALIZATION ERA, Nr. 3 (2022): 5–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.37770/2712-7656-2022-3-5-20.
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Currently, the conservation of plant species in culture is of key importance in the conservation activities of botanical gardens. Due to the destruction of natural biocenoses and the disappearance of species in nature, their role is irreplaceable. One of the tasks of botanical gardens is to develop the most effective methods of exhibiting plants with maximum demonstration of their decorative properties and popularization of botanical knowledge among the population. The analysis of the experience of foreign countries allows us to expand our own opportunities for new arrangement of expositions, which is relevant even for botanical gardens located far from each other. The botanical gardens of the southernmost African country – South Africa - demonstrate the state approach to the preservation of national flora and provide an excellent example of the exposition specialization of botanical gardens, which is greatly lacking in the botanical gardens of Russia. Using the opportunities of the surrounding natural landscapes forms a unique image of each botanical garden of South Africa, providing visitors with an extensive range of ecosystem services and botanical knowledge.
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De Wet, B. C., R. Archer, L. Fish, G. Germishuizen, P. P. Herman, M. Jordaan, S. M. Perold et al. „New taxa, new records and name changes for southern African plants“. Bothalia 21, Nr. 2 (15.10.1991): 191–213. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/abc.v21i2.886.
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Additions and alterations to the inventory of about 26 000 plant taxa in southern Africa are reported for the period from February 1990 to February 1991. In this period a total of 1 080 alterations have been recorded. These changes result from the continual surveying of taxonomic literature received by the library of the National Botanical Institute.
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Orlova, L., und V. Byalt. „Type specimens of Pinaceae Spreng. ex F. Rudolphi kept in the Herbarium of the Komarov Botanical Institute (LE)“. Novitates Systematicae Plantarum Vascularium 40 (2009): 245–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.31111/novitates/2009.40.245.
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Data are presented about type specimens of 132 taxa (species, subspecies and varietes) of Pinaceae Spreng. ex F. Rudolphi described from different regions of Russia (Caucasus, Altai Mts., Siberia and Russian Far East), South Europe, Asia Minor, South and South-Eastern Asia, Africa (Algeria), Northern and Central America, kept in the Herbarium of the Komarov Botalical Institute (LE). Fourteen lectotypes are designated. Notes are given where needed.
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Ogushi, K., und Sipho Dlamini. „Report on the CCM.T-K2.1 Key Comparison, Measurand Torque: 10 kN∙m and 20 kN∙m, Final Report“. Metrologia 60, Nr. 1A (01.01.2023): 07008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0026-1394/60/1a/07008.
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Main text The comparison of torque in the range of 10 kN m and 20 kN m was organized and conducted between two laboratories, the National Metrology Institute of Japan (NMIJ) in the National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) in Japan, and the National Metrology Institute of South Africa (NMISA) in South Africa. This comparison aims to link the national torque standards in South Africa to CCM.T-K2 so that NMISA can achieve the degree of equivalence (DOE) of the CMCs of its torque standards. NMIJ, which had joined CCM.T-K2 key comparison in 2008, played a role of a link laboratory. The results of this comparison showed a good agreement in the NMISA's results with the KCRV. To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database https://www.bipm.org/kcdb/. The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCM, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
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Boehi, Melanie. „Radical Stories in the Kirstenbosch National Botanical Garden“. Environmental Humanities 13, Nr. 1 (01.05.2021): 66–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/22011919-8867208.
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Abstract When the Kirstenbosch National Botanical Garden was established in Cape Town, South Africa, in 1913, it was envisioned as a site that served white citizens. Kirstenbosch was presented as a landscape in which plants functioned as representatives of their wild habitats. The botanical garden’s curatorial practices silenced histories of colonial occupation, frontier violence, colonial agriculture, and slavery that had shaped the land on which it was built. Narratives that celebrated colonial histories were cultivated in monumental gardening. Throughout its existence, Kirstenbosch has centered Western epistemologies. Where Indigenous knowledge systems were featured, they were mediated through ethnobotany. While human stakeholders lacked commitment to transformation, emergent ecologies evolved that interrupted colonial narratives and Western epistemologies. Discussing histories of wild almond trees, hybrid plants, and cycads, the author suggests that the emergent ecologies around them introduced radical stories to Kirstenbosch. The emergent ecologies’ storytelling is radical because it works at the roots of plants and historical genealogies, and it roots different narratives—of ruination and new flourishing, diversity and local becomings, multispecies kinship and love—into Kirstenbosch. In doing so, the emergent ecologies introduce possibilities for reimagining the botanical garden as an institution of environmental governance from within its confines and its disciplines.
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Widarta, A. „CCEM key comparison CCEM.RF-K26. Attenuation at 18 GHz, 26.5 GHz and 40 GHz using a step attenuator. Final report of the pilot laboratory“. Metrologia 61, Nr. 1A (01.01.2024): 01001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0026-1394/61/1a/01001.
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Main text This report summarizes the results of the Key Comparison CCEM.RF-K26 Attenuation at 18 GHz, 26.5 GHz and 40 GHz using a step attenuator which has been performed from January 2015 to February 2018. Fourteen National Metrology Institutes (NMIs) participated in this key comparison, including the National Metrology Institute of Japan (NMIJ/AIST, Japan) which served as pilot laboratory, the National Institute of Metrology (NIM, China), the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstal (PTB, Germany), the Laboratoire national de métrologie et d'essais (LNE, France), the Swiss Federal Office for Metrology and Accreditation (METAS, Switzerland), the National Physical Laboratory of India (NPLI, India), the All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Physico-Technical Measurements (VNIIFTRI, Russia), the Korea Research Institute of Standard and Science (KRISS, South Korea), the National Physical Laboratory (NPL, United Kingdom), the National Metrology Institute of South Africa (NMISA, South Africa), the Tubitak Ulusal Metrologi Enstitűsű (TUBITAK-UME, Turkey), the National Metrology Centre (NMC-A*STAR, Singapore), the Czech Metrology Institute (CMI, Czech Republic) and the Instituto Nacional de Tecnica Aeroespacial (INTA, Spain). The Key Comparison Reference Values (KCRVs) were determined from the measurement results of five to ten participating NMIs, depending on the attenuation and frequency. To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database https://www.bipm.org/kcdb/. The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCEM, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
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Ejigu, Efrem K. „Characterizing a linear pyrometer at the National Metrology Institute of South Africa“. International Journal of Metrology and Quality Engineering 14 (2023): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/ijmqe/2023002.
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A linear pyrometer is used to realize the International Temperature Scale of 1990 (ITS-90) for temperature ranges above 961.78 °C in most National Metrology Institute (NMI) radiation thermometry labs. The different components of the linear pyrometer system working together to measure temperature may exhibit some errors which should be accounted for. The errors can be characterized by several equipment parameters that should be measured before the radiation thermometer is used to realize ITS-90 temperatures. Relative spectral responsivity (s), size of source effect (SSE), gain ratio (GR), non-linearity (NL), distance effect (DE), temperature coefficient and zero drift are all major equipment parameters that characterize the efficiency of a linear pyrometer in realizing ITS-90. In this work, an attempt was made to describe and demonstrate these major parameters by using actual measured characterization results of a linear pyrometer. Uncertainty contributions from some of the parameters considered in scale realizations was also demonstrated using the measurement results.
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Ramsay, K. „Establishing a National Focal Point for farm animal genetic resources in South Africa“. Animal Genetic Resources Information 32 (April 2002): 19–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1014233900005320.
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SummaryThe recent call from FAO to take part in the process of preparing the First Report on the State of the World Animal Genetic Resources (SoW) stressed the need to develop management capacity at country level to facilitate the preparation of country reports (CRs). A key role is played by the National Focal Points (NFPs) and the National Coordinators (NCs).A national workshop was held in South Africa in 1998 and a National Committee for Farm Animal Genetic Resources (FanGR) was established. The existing Indigenous Livestock Committee was reviewed and adapted to make it more focused on the management of FAnGR. At the same time a National Coordinator was also identified and the Animal Improvement Institute was nominated as national coordinating institute for FAnGR.The collaboration with some NGOs was strongly suggested, particularly with:a) the Farm Animal Conservation Trust (FACT), to assist with the conservation of farm animal genetic resources. This NGO was modelled on the Rare Breeds Survival Trust (RBST) in the United Kingdom and on Rare Breeds International (RBI)b) The South African Stud Book and Livestock Improvement Association (SASB) andc) many Rural Communities and National and Provincial animal genetic resource centresThe institutional frame for AnGR conservation in South Africa is briefly described, together with the aims of the South African conservation activities.
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Van Jaarsveld, Ernst. „Welwitschia mirabilis and the 100-year old Kirstenbosch National Botanical Garden, Cape town, South Africa“. Cactus and Succulent Journal 85, Nr. 3 (Mai 2013): 96–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.2985/0007-9367-85.3.96.
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Lombard, Amanda T., Catherine F. Johnson, Richard M. Cowling und Robert L. Pressey. „Protecting plants from elephants: botanical reserve scenarios within the Addo Elephant National Park, South Africa“. Biological Conservation 102, Nr. 2 (Oktober 2001): 191–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0006-3207(01)00056-8.
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Giliomee, J. H. „Opogona scaphopisMeyrick (Lepidoptera: Tineidae: Hieroxestinae) Causing Serious Damage toGasteriaandHaworthiaat Kirstenbosch National Botanical Garden, South Africa“. African Entomology 24, Nr. 1 (März 2016): 233–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4001/003.024.0233.
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Frawley, Jodi. „Joseph Maiden and the National and Transnational Circulation of Wattle Acacia spp.“ Historical Records of Australian Science 21, Nr. 1 (2010): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/hr09015.
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During the nineteenth century and in the early years of the twentieth century wattle was circulated by botanists, botanical institutions, interested individuals, commercial seedsmen and government authorities. Wattle bark was used in the production of leather and was the subject of debate regarding its commercial development and conservation in Australia. It was also trialled in many other locations including America, New Zealand, Hawaii and Russia. In the process, South Africa became a major producer of wattle bark for a global market. At the same time wattle was also promoted as a symbol of Australian nationalism. This paper considers this movement of wattles, wattle material and wattle information by examining the career of one active agent in these botanical transfers: Joseph Maiden. In doing so it demonstrates that these seemingly different uses of the wattle overlap transnational and national spheres.
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Mosia, M., K. Dube und V. Labuschagne. „Tourist Perceptions of the Impacts of Climate Variability and Change on Botanical Gardens“. African Journal of Hospitality, Tourism and Leisure, Nr. 11(1)2022 (28.02.2022): 343–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.46222/ajhtl.19770720.229.
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This study examines visitors' perception of the impact of climate variability and change on national botanical gardens in Gauteng, South Africa. The study used data from field observations and an online questionnaire that gathered views of 324 botanical garden visitors at Walter Sisulu and Pretoria Botanical Gardens. Data were analysed using QuestionPro Analysis tools. The study found that botanical garden visitors are apprehensive about climate variability and change impacts on picnicking, bird watching, flowering patterns, walking trails and waterfalls viewing experiences, among other activities. More than half of the respondents indicated that climatic patterns play a critical role in their decision to visit the botanical gardens. Most visitors (75%) perceived that weather events induced by climate variability and change threaten botanical gardens, with drought, flooding and extreme storms singled out as some of the most significant climatic threats to botanical gardens. The study recommends that botanical gardens management streamline climate change in their medium to long-term planning to ensure climate resilience and adaptation. This calls for the implementation of mitigation and adaptation strategies to reduce the impacts of climate variability on the recreational experience in botanical gardens.
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Jonker, D., und E. P. Tarnow. „Gas flow calibrations performed at the National Metrology Institute of South Africa (NMISA)“. International Journal of Metrology and Quality Engineering 5, Nr. 3 (2014): 303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/ijmqe/2014012.
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Jonker, D., M. R. Mnguni und H. G. Liedberg. „The Humidity Calibration Facility of the National Metrology Institute of South Africa (NMISA)“. International Journal of Thermophysics 29, Nr. 5 (15.05.2008): 1644–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10765-008-0426-9.
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Nevhutalu, T., und M. P. Tshisikhawe. „Composition of the pristine grassland community in the Lowveld National Botanical Garden in Nelspruit, Mpumalanga, South Africa“. South African Journal of Botany 115 (März 2018): 325. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sajb.2018.02.179.
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Ejigu, Efrem K. „Erratum to: Characterizing a linear pyrometer at the National Metrology Institute of South Africa“. International Journal of Metrology and Quality Engineering 14 (2023): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/ijmqe/2023007.
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Skubko, Yury. „30th Anniversary of Diplomatic Relations Between Russia and South Africa“. Uchenie zapiski Instituta Afriki RAN 60, Nr. 3 (07.09.2022): 119–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.31132/2412-5717-2022-60-3-119-127.
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On March 14, 2022 the Institute for African Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences held a round table discussion to mark the 30th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between the Russian Federation and the Republic of South Africa, organized by the Centre for Southern African studies. The history and current state of relations between the two countries and peoples were discussed by African studies researchers, Russian Foreign ministry officials and diplomats in South Africa, South African public figures and civil society activists, veterans of the national liberation movement. Among issues discussed were historic ties between Russia and South Africa dating back to the 18th century, first diplomatic contacts in the 19th century, participation of Russian volunteers in the Anglo-Boer war of 1899–1902, Russian emigration to South Africa, Soviet aid to the national liberation struggle against the apartheid regime, particularly relations with the ANC, first Soviet-South African diplomatic ties, influence on them of perestroika and the dissolution of USSR. Current problems of cooperation and development of relations in different fields within strategic partnership between the two countries, particularly, within the framework of BRICS, were also discussed.
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Samuel O., Bamigboye. „Determining regions of higher extinction risk occurrences in South African cycads“. SINET: Ethiopian Journal of Science 45, Nr. 1 (27.04.2022): 115–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/sinet.v45i1.10.
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Extinction crisis in South African cycads has been very high in recent times. This study used comprehensive distribution records of cycads that occurred in South Africa. The records obtained from the South African national herbarium named South African National Biodiversity Institute (sanbi) through the herbarium sheets were used to determine the regions of higher extinction crisis in South Africa. The threat status of the herbarium taxa was obtained from iucn 2019 version and was analysed. Threats to these taxa were extracted from iucn and the numbers of taxa facing each threat were determined to unravel the prominent threats. The herbarium records were used to construct a species distribution map for all the cycads in South Africa and another map for Critically Endangered and Extinct South African cycads. This study revealed that regions of high species richness for South African cycads are not the same as regions with highly threatened and extinct South African cycads. Prominent threats found in this plant group are also the major threats causing extinction crisis in the highly threatened and extinct cycads that occurs in few provinces in South Africa. This study therefore recommends that conservation efforts for South African cycads should be intensified in the hotspots of highly threatened and extinct South African cycads identified in this study to further mitigate extinction crisis of South African cycads.
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Bamigboye, Samuel O. „Evaluating threats and conservation status of South African Aloe“. Journal of Threatened Taxa 12, Nr. 11 (26.08.2020): 16614–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.11609/jott.5728.12.11.16614-16619.
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South Africa is one of the biodiversity hotspots for Aloe in Africa. This makes it important to evaluate the conservation status and threats to this genus. The South African National Biodiversity Institute (SANBI) Red List was employed to evaluate these two factors. Results revealed that 44% of all species in this genus are of conservation concern with the majority of them facing threats. This study recommends that more attention such as strengthening the protection of these species and controlling the threats identified in this study should be given to species in this genus in terms of conservation management to reduce their risk of extinction.
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Steenkamp, Yolande, und Gideon F. Smith. „Needs of users of botanical information in South Africa: outcomes of a national workshop for the stakeholders and endusers of botanical information and herbaria“. TAXON 52, Nr. 2 (Mai 2003): 303–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3647401.
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Toms, G. „Marine Outfall Studies in Development Areas of South Africa“. Water Science and Technology 18, Nr. 11 (01.11.1986): 11–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1986.0138.
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A recent policy of decentralizing growth in South Africa has led to the designation of neu coastal development areas. Growth of such areas, stimulated by the attraction of industries should be accompanied by a careful assessment of possible associated marine pollution problems. In particular, the disposal of industrial and/or domestic effluents to sea may initially appear an attractive option to planners and developers. Consequently the investigation of the feasibility of the marine disposal option is an essential component of the planning process. An on-going series of such studies in nominated priority coastal development areas has been undertaken by the National Research Institute for Oceanology since 1980. This paper reviews the progress of these studies and outlines the preliminary engineering and oceanographic investigations. Two case studies, Saldanha and Richards Bay, are reviewed. In the latter case, some interesting design aspects of the recently completed outfall are discussed.
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Greeff, G. P., und O. A. Kruger. „Investigation Into a Multilateration Laser Tracking System for the National Metrology Institute of South Africa“. SAIEE Africa Research Journal 102, Nr. 2 (Juni 2011): 49–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/saiee.2011.8532184.
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OVCZINNIKOVA, SVETLANA. „A new species Lappula botschantzevii (Boraginaceae) from the Northern Africa“. Phytotaxa 522, Nr. 1 (05.10.2021): 47–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.522.1.5.
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A new species, Lappula botschantzevii, is described from the desert zone of North-Western Africa. The new species belongs to the section Lappula and is close to the species L. patula, from which it differs in a smaller corolla, a scorpioid inflorescence (bilateral flowers) with loosely spaced flowers, a heteromorphic coenobium with two types of eremocarps: A) winged with glochids and a large number of spines along the edges of the disc of eremocarps and B) with a second short row of spines. The species is described based on samples from collections housed in three herbaria: Herbarium of the Komarov Botanical Institute RAS, Sankt-Peterburg (LE, Russia) and Muséum National d ‘Histoire Naturelle, Paris (P, France), Université de Montpellier (MPU). It is named after the Russian botanist Viktor Petrovich Botschantzev, who spent many years studying the flora of Africa and who collected samples of the new species. The absence of holotypes required the typification of the names of the studied species Lappula patula, L. capensis and L. eckloniana.
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OVCZINNIKOVA, SVETLANA. „A new species Lappula botschantzevii (Boraginaceae) from the Northern Africa“. Phytotaxa 522, Nr. 1 (05.10.2021): 47–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.522.1.5.
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A new species, Lappula botschantzevii, is described from the desert zone of North-Western Africa. The new species belongs to the section Lappula and is close to the species L. patula, from which it differs in a smaller corolla, a scorpioid inflorescence (bilateral flowers) with loosely spaced flowers, a heteromorphic coenobium with two types of eremocarps: A) winged with glochids and a large number of spines along the edges of the disc of eremocarps and B) with a second short row of spines. The species is described based on samples from collections housed in three herbaria: Herbarium of the Komarov Botanical Institute RAS, Sankt-Peterburg (LE, Russia) and Muséum National d ‘Histoire Naturelle, Paris (P, France), Université de Montpellier (MPU). It is named after the Russian botanist Viktor Petrovich Botschantzev, who spent many years studying the flora of Africa and who collected samples of the new species. The absence of holotypes required the typification of the names of the studied species Lappula patula, L. capensis and L. eckloniana.
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Nechaeva, L. „The Role of Africa in Global Politics. “The Year of Africa” in Russia“. World Economy and International Relations 67, Nr. 8 (2023): 129–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.20542/0131-2227-2023-67-8-129-134.
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Editorial office publishes the summary of a joint seminar held by the Russian International Affairs Council (RIAC), the Primakov National Research Institute of World Economy and International Relations (IMEMO) and the World Economy and International Relations journal. The event was dedicated to the role of Africa in global politics, prospects and problems of its cooperation with Russia and other countries. The seminar on “The Role of Africa in Global Politics “the Year of Africa” in Russia” took place on March 28, 2023. The main part of the discussion included contributions by Andrey Kortunov, RIAC Academic Advisor; Irina Abramova, Head, RAS Institute of Africa, RAS Presidium Member, RAS Corresponding Member, RIAC Member; Andrey Maslov, Head, Center for African Studies at Higher School of Economics (HSE); Ivan Loshkarev, Research Fellow, Institute for International Studies (IIS), Associate Professor, Department of Political Theory, MGIMO University; Vasiliy Kashin, Head, Center for Comprehensive European and International Studies, HSE, RIAC Member. The discussion also included remarks by Yulia Melnikova, RIAC Program Manager; Lora Chkoniya, Junior Research Fellow, Center for Middle East and African Studies, IIS, MGIMO University; Maya Nikolskaya, Junior Research Fellow, Center for Middle East and African Studies, IIS, MGIMO University; Sergey Karamaev, Junior Research Fellow, Group of Regional Political Problems of the South and East, IMEMO, Ibragim Ibragimov, Research Fellow, Regional Relations Study Group, IMEMO, and Vsevolod Sviridov, Expert, Center for African Studies, HSE.
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Moonsamy, Shelina, und Melinda Suchard. „Seroprevalence of polio antibodies in adult laboratory staff in South Africa, 2009 to 2013“. Southern African Journal of Infectious Diseases 31, Nr. 2 (01.07.2016): 57–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajid.v31i2.91.
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The global eradication of polio has been a World Health Organization goal since May 1988 with the current target for global eradication set at 2018. A keystone of the eradication initiative is achieving and maintaining high immunisation coverage, producing high population immunity. Assessing infant vaccination coverage does not give a reliable indication of adult immunity levels as antibody titres decline with age. A requirement of the occupational health programme at the National Institute for Communicable Diseases is to test newly appointed personnel for immunity to polio. During the period 2009 to 2013, 352 sera were collected and tested by means of antibody neutralisation assays to determine immunity to all three polio serotypes. The objective of this study was to assess immunity to polio in personnel employed at the National Institute for Communicable Diseases as a proxy for the general adult South African population. The seroprevalence to polio serotypes 1, 2 and 3 were 85.5, 90.0 and 74.0%, respectively. Of the 352 samples tested, 2.3% were sero-negative for all three serotypes and 36.0% were sero-negative to at least one of the serotypes. The seroprevalence to polio serotype 3 falls below the target of 80.0%, and could pose a potential risk following importation or development of vaccine derived poliovirus type 3.
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Myers, Jonathan Elliot, Leslie London, Cas Badenshorst, Meshack Bida, Sydney Carstens, Kim Davies, Frank Fox et al. „Occupational health and safety and the National Public Health Institute of South Africa: Deliberations from a national consultative meeting“. South African Medical Journal 106, Nr. 6 (08.05.2016): 538. http://dx.doi.org/10.7196/samj.2016.v106i6.10738.
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Rebe, Kevin Brian, Glenn De Swardt, Helen Elizabeth Struthers und James Alisdair McIntyre. „Towards 'men who have sex with menappropriate' health services in South Africa“. Southern African Journal of HIV Medicine 14, Nr. 2 (04.06.2013): 52–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajhivmed.v14i2.78.
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Health programming for men who have sex with men (MSM) in South Africa has been ignored or absent until fairly recently, despite this population being at high risk for HIV acquisition and transmission. Anova Health Institute, with support from the US President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR)/United States Agency for International Development (USAID) and in collaboration with the South African National Department of Health, launched the first state sector MSM-targeted sexual health clinic in 2010. The clinic has been successful in attracting and retaining MSM in care, and lessons learned are described in this article. Components contributing to the creation of MSM-appropriate healthcare services are discussed.
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González Mateos, Sandra. „Propagation of Endangered Aquatic Plants: An Experience that Promotes ex situ Conservation and Environmental Education“. Wetland Science & Practice 37, Nr. 4 (Oktober 2020): 302–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1672/ucrt083-199.
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Wetlands are among Mexico’s most threatened habitats as they have not received the degree of protection and conservation as they have in North America. To promote their conservation, the Botanical Garden at the Institute of Biology at the National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), located south of Mexico City, has established a collection of aquatic plants with the intent to have a representative sample of the country’s aquatic plants, with emphasis on the “Cuenca of Mexico”. The collection is being used to propagate aquatic species, conduct research, promote conservation of aquatic plants, and to serve as the foundation for environmental education programs to increase public awareness of these species and the challenges they face.
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Ogunbanjo, Gboyega A. „Listeriosis outbreak in South Africa: Are we winning the battle?“ South African Family Practice 60, Nr. 1 (17.03.2018): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/safp.v60i1.4832.
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South Africa’s listeriosis outbreak has topped the charts as the largest outbreak in history. The first reported case of the current outbreak of listeriosis was in January 2017. On 27 Feb 2018, the South African National Institute of Communicable Diseases (NICD) reported 945 confirmed cases, of which 176 had died (case fatality rate of 19%). Most reported cases were from Gauteng Province (59%, 555/945), followed by the Western Cape (12%, 116/945) and KwaZulu-Natal (7%, 66/945) provinces.1 South Africa is not the only country experiencing outbreaks of listeriosis. Europe has been experiencing a multi-country outbreak since 2015, with a combined number of only 26 cases from Austria, Denmark, Finland, Sweden and the United Kingdom classified as a confirmed microbiological cluster on the basis of whole genome sequencing (WGS) analysis, including core genome multilocus sequence typing (cgMLST) and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) based analysis, depending on the country. Four cases have died (case fatality 15.4%).2
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Mujuzi, Jamil Ddamulira. „Case Note: Locus standi to institute a private prosecution of environmental offences in South Africa: Uzani Environmental Advocacy CC v BP Southern Africa (Pty) Ltd“. South African Journal of Environmental Law and Policy 26 (2020): 161–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.47348/sajelp/v26/a6.
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In Uzani Environmental Advocacy CC v BP Southern Africa (Pty) Ltd, in the first ever private prosecution under section 33 of the National Environmental Management Act, British Petroleum (BP) was prosecuted and convicted for constructing filling stations without the necessary authorisation. The judgment deals mostly with the issue of locus standi to institute a private prosecution for environmental offences. The purpose of this note is to highlight the issues that emerge from the judgment. The note also discusses the role that could be played by the National Director of Public Prosecutions should they decide to take over a private prosecution instituted under section 33 of NEMA.
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Coetzer, Willem, Alexandra Holland und Ian Engelbrecht. „Biodiversity Data Curation: South Africa Goes Online“. Biodiversity Information Science and Standards 2 (22.05.2018): e25840. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/biss.2.25840.
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The South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity (SAIAB) operates several research platforms, which may be used by the broader South African research community (e.g. a marine research vessel and a remotely operated underwater vehicle). SAIAB’s Enterprise-grade data centre, along with expertise in systems administration and biodiversity information management, allow the institute to offer a Biodiversity Information Management Platform. Data hosted by SAIAB is replicated across three data centres, with each centre being at least 250m apart and operating independently. Infrastructure at two data centres replicates in real time, forming a high availability cluster. The third datacentre is dedicated to storing backups. High-capacity tape backup will be added in the near future. As an additional measure, cloud storage is used to store daily extracts of Specify databases, which are retained for one year. In the first instance, the Platform aims to provide SAIAB researchers and associates with biodiversity data curation services. This begins with support for the SAIAB Collections Division, to ensure that voucher specimens, tissue samples and associated media are accurately catalogued and can be easily retrieved. Biodiversity data curation is broader than this. It also means that any biodiversity data/metadata (records of species, events, occurrences/observations and traits) can potentially be curated using Specify Software, and standardised and published (subject to relevant policies) to the GBIF Data Portal using the GBIF Integrated Publishing Toolkit. The use of Specify Software to curate biodiveristy data that do not represent voucher specimens (e.g. underwater images and video) is a new research project within SAIAB, which has the potential to be extended beyond SAIAB. A new national initiative, the Natural Science Collections Facility (NSCF), was launched in 2017 to reinvigorate natural science museums across the country, to halt deterioration of specimens and improve capacity for specimen and data curation. In support of the NSCF, the SAIAB platform is offered to natural science museums in South Africa (excluding herbaria, which are all part of or affiliated with SANBI, and therefore accommodated by a different system). Each museum will be provided with a webserver, Specify 7 database, Specify web portal and IPT server. In offering this platform to the broader South African Biodiversity Science community, SAIAB is primarily motivated by the potential for collaborative research in capacity development for biodiversity data curation / information management, using Specify Software. The first research project will examine participating museums’ capacity to use the Specify Workbench sustainably, to import new voucher/occurrence records generated by fieldwork. The requisite training to enhance this potential will be provided. The Natural Science Collections Facility (NSCF) is an important collaborator in the context of enhancing the general state of South Africa’s specimen collections, and the Specify Collections Consortium is an important collaborator, specifically for support.
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Enakrire, Rexwhite Tega. „Publishing Patterns of Health Informatics in Africa: A Bibliometric Analysis“. Electronic Journal of Knowledge Management 18, Nr. 3 (23.04.2021): 356–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.34190/ejkm.18.3.2121.
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This study investigates the publishing patterns of health informatics (HIs) in Africa, with a view to analyse the bibliometric growth. The application of HIs has played an important role in the advancements in medical practice and scholars/academics’ teaching and learning at higher education institutions. The aim of analysing the volume of publications of HIs was to establish the research impact, visibility and output of academics, in order to promote scholarly communication and knowledge sharing, and contribute to existing knowledge in this field of study. Interpretive document analysis was applied to literature extracted from the Scopus database for the period between 1987 to 2018. The keywords entered for search engine optimisation were “Health Informatics” and “Africa”. The duration of the study - from when data was harvested, collated and analysis to when the data was presented in tables and then discussed - was three weeks. The results obtained revealed that there were 2332 papers published within this period. The publications were communicated through different avenues, including articles, conference papers, review and others. Publications on medicine was at the top of the list of subject areas recorded. The top journal, where papers in HIs were published, is Plos One. South Africa was among the top countries that published research on HIs. In relation to institution affiliation, University of Cape Town was identified as the higher education institution that produced the highest number of publications, with 128 publications. In terms of funding bodies that supported research, thus leading to publication of papers in HIs, it was found that the National Institute of Health, South African Medical Council, United States Agency for International Development, Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Research Foundation played crucial roles.
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Draper, CE, L. Grobler, GA Kilian, LK Micklesfield, EV Lambert und TD Noakes. „An inventory of the South african fitness industry“. South African Journal of Sports Medicine 18, Nr. 3 (05.02.2006): 93. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/2078-516x/2006/v18i3a240.
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Objective. The aim of this study was to create an inventory of fitness facilities in South Africa, their location, equipment and services offered, and the demographics, education and training of the staff working in these facilities. Design. A total of 750 facilities were identified, and descriptive data were gathered from 442 facilities (59%) with the use of a questionnaire administered telephonically and via the website of the Sports Science Institute of South Africa. Setting. The study was initiated by the Sports Science Institute, and the results were presented at the 4th Annual Discovery Vitality Fitness Convention on 4 May 2006. Results. Results show that the industry comprises mainly independent facilities (68%). All types of facilities were found to be located mostly within urban areas, and reported providing services to just less than 2% of the South African population. Facilities offer a wide range of equipment and services to their members. Of the fitness-related staff at facilities, the majority were reported to be young (18 - 25 years, 55% of male, and 49% of female staff), and in terms of racial proportions most staff were white (males 40% of total staff and females 33% of total staff).Less than a quarter of fitness-related staff hold university qualifications, and just over 80% of instructors hold qualifications aligned with the National Qualifications Framework. The importance of education and training of staff was emphasised by respondents. Conclusions. This report highlights the widespread value of assessing the fitness industry, particularly within the context of the rise of chronic diseases in South Africa and government initiatives to promote healthy lifestyles. South African Journal of Sports Medicine Vol. 18 (3) 2006: pp. 93-104
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Murphy, J., C.-H. Mershon, H. Struthers und J. McIntyre. „‘Feedback: Where data finally get thrilling’ – tools for facility managers to use data for improved health outcomes in the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV and antiretroviral therapy“. Southern African Journal of HIV Medicine 14, Nr. 3 (17.09.2013): 131–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajhivmed.v14i3.66.
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Data use and data quality continue to be a challenge for government sector health facilities and districts across South Africa. Led by the National Department of Health, key stakeholders, such as the Anova Health Institute and district health management teams, are aligning efforts to address these gaps. Coverage and correct implementation of existing tools – including TIER.net, routine data collection forms and the South African District Health Information System – must be ensured. This conference report provides an overview of such tools and summarises suggestions for quality improvement, data use and systematic evaluation of data-related interventions.
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Underhill, Les G., und Rene Navarro. „The Virtual Museum: an African biodiversity database holding more than two million records“. Biodiversity Observations 13 (06.10.2023): 252–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.15641/bo.1443.
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This paper describes the history of the Virtual Museum, originally developed in 2005 for the Southern African Reptile Conservation Assessment (SARCA), which was sponsored by the South African National Biodiversity Institute (SANBI). The Virtual Museum grew to have 17 sections and the associated database, in 2023, contained 2.2 million biodiversity records from Africa. We summarize the major outputs of this initiative, and discuss potential future uses of the database.
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Trytsman, Marike, Francuois L. Müller, M. Igshaan Samuels, Clement F. Cupido und Abraham E. van Wyk. „A Phytogeographical Classification and Survey of the Indigenous Browse Flora of South Africa, Lesotho, and Eswatini“. Diversity 15, Nr. 7 (22.07.2023): 876. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d15070876.
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Rangelands in South Africa, Lesotho, and Eswatini contain a rich diversity of valuable fodder trees and shrubs. This research is the first attempt to document the regional diversity and distribution of these browse resources. Scientific publications, textbooks, databases, and published reports were accessed to compile a database of plant species that were recorded as utilised by ruminants and non-ruminants. Relevant forage attributes, such as functional traits as well as utilisation traits, were added to each species record. Thereafter, distribution records were extracted from the South African National Biodiversity Institute’s Botanical Database of South Africa and analysed with numerical techniques to establish phytogeographical patterns. A total of 613 plant species from 76 families have been recorded, which formed seven distinct phytochoria, termed the Central Arid, Eastern Subtropical, Highland Temperate, Moist Temperate, Northern Subtropical, Southern Temperate, and Western Arid browse-choria. Key families and species, as well as functional and utilisation traits, are discussed, focusing on key species present in the browse-choria. This browse database, together with the earlier compiled Leguminosae and Poaceae databases, will be used to prioritise indigenous southern African plant species/infraspecific taxa to be collected for the conservation of genetic resources and future evaluations for potential development as forage crops.
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Cairncross, Bruce. „The Where of Mineral Names: Nimite, National Institute for Metallurgy (NIM), Bon Accord, Mpumalanga Province, South Africa“. Rocks & Minerals 94, Nr. 2 (Februar 2019): 191–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00357529.2019.1530044.
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Masoko, Peter, und Kulani Mashudu Nxumalo. „Validation of Antimycobacterial Plants Used by Traditional Healers in Three Districts of the Limpopo Province (South Africa)“. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2013 (2013): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/586247.
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The aim of the study was to scientifically evaluate the antimycobacterial activity of selected indigenous medicinal plants from the Limpopo Province used for the treatment of humans with symptoms ofMycobacterium tuberculosis. The leaves of five plant species (Apodytes dimidiata, Artemisia, Combretum hereroense, Lippia javanica, and Zanthoxylum capense) were collected from the Lowveld National Botanical Garden in Nelspruit, South Africa. The dried leaves were powdered and extracted using hexane, dichloromethane, acetone, and methanol. Antimycobacterial activity was evaluated using microdilution assay and bioautography andρ-iodonitrotetrazolium violet (INT) as indicator. Antioxidant activities were determined by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). Phytochemical content of extracts was further evaluated. The acetone extracts ofL. javanicadisplayed antioxidant activity on BEA chromatogram. T Acetone extracts ofA. afrahad MIC value of 0.39 mg/mL againstMycobacterium smegmatisATCC 1441. Acetone extracts ofC. hereroenseandL. javanicahad MIC value of 0.47 mg/mL. Four bands that inhibited the growth ofM. smegmatiswere observed atRfvalues of 0.12, 0.63, and 0.87 on BEA and 0.73 on EMW. The plant speciesA. dimidiata, A. afra, C. hereroense,andL. javanicain this study demonstrated their potential as sources of anti-TB drug leads.
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Mujuzi, Jamil Ddamulira. „Protecting Animals from Mistreatment through Private Prosecutions in South Africa: A Comment on National Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals v Minister of Justice and Constitutional Development 2016 1 SACR 308 (SCA)“. Journal of African Law 61, Nr. 2 (08.05.2017): 289–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021855317000146.
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AbstractThe general rule in South Africa is that, when an offence is committed, the suspect has to be prosecuted by a public prosecutor. However, there is an exception whereby a victim of crime is permitted to institute a private prosecution if the prosecutor has declined to prosecute. South African law allows natural, but not juristic, persons to institute private prosecutions. In the case examined in this note, the appellant argued that the law prohibiting juristic persons from instituting private prosecutions is discriminatory. The Supreme Court of Appeal held that private prosecutions are only permitted on grounds of direct infringement of human dignity. This note argues that section 7 of the Criminal Procedure Act is unconstitutional for excluding juristic persons from instituting private prosecutions and recommends steps the appellant could take to institute private prosecutions against those who mistreat animals.
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Walwyn, David R., und Adolph T. Nkolele. „Coordinating Health and Industrial Policy in South Africa; A Case Study of the Vaccine Public-Private Partnership“. Southern African Journal of Infectious Diseases 33, Nr. 3 (30.09.2018): 39–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajid.v33i3.5.
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Established in 2003 as a Public-Private Partnership (PPP) covering vaccine research and development, manufacturing and supply, the Biovac Institute has grown from an initial base of 24 staff and a revenue of R188 million to an organisation of 250 people and an annual revenue of R1.8 billion (as of January 2018). The institute earns a premium on the procurement cost of a broad range of vaccines required by the National Department of Health (NDoH), the net value of which reached R1.14 billion over the period 2010–2014 and was used to finance the institute’s operations, including vaccine distribution and quality control. In this study, we have evaluated the value-for-money of the partnership within a context of tension between health and industrial policy. According to the respondents in the qualitative survey, its principal benefit has been the uninterrupted supply of vaccine and the ability to respond quickly to vaccine shortages. The main disadvantages appear to have been the slow establishment of vaccine manufacturing, and initially a limited ability to negotiate highly competitive vaccine prices. Overall, it is concluded that the institute has delivered value-for-money and met the objectives of both industrial and health policy. However, the experience appears not to have convinced the NDoH of the value of such initiatives.
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Walwyn, David R., und Adolph T. Nkolele. „Coordinating Health and Industrial Policy in South Africa; A Case Study of the Vaccine Public-Private Partnership“. South African Family Practice 60, Nr. 4 (28.08.2018): 42–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/safp.v60i4.4896.
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Established in 2003 as a Public-Private Partnership (PPP) covering vaccine research and development, manufacturing and supply, the Biovac Institute has grown from an initial base of 24 staff and a revenue of R188 million to an organisation of 250 people and an annual revenue of R1.8 billion (as of January 2018). The institute earns a premium on the procurement cost of a broad range of vaccines required by the National Department of Health (NDoH), the net value of which reached R1.14 billion over the period 2010–2014 and was used to finance the institute’s operations, including vaccine distribution and quality control. In this study, we have evaluated the value-for-money of the partnership within a context of tension between health and industrial policy. According to the respondents in the qualitative survey, its principal benefit has been the uninterrupted supply of vaccine and the ability to respond quickly to vaccine shortages. The main disadvantages appear to have been the slow establishment of vaccine manufacturing, and initially a limited ability to negotiate highly competitive vaccine prices. Overall, it is concluded that the institute has delivered value-for-money and met the objectives of both industrial and health policy. However, the experience appears not to have convinced the NDoH of the value of such initiatives.
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Kiyange, F., V. Walusansa, G. Mandosela, H. Nzereka Kambale, E. Luyirika und J. Orem. „The Role of South-to-South Partnerships in Developing Cancer Services in Africa“. Journal of Global Oncology 4, Supplement 2 (01.10.2018): 163s. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jgo.18.21200.
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Background and context: Despite being a growing public health concern in Africa, access to effective cancer treatment and pain relief is still limited in sub-Saharan Africa. The African Palliative Care Association (APCA) in collaboration with the American Cancer Society and the Ministry of Health of Swaziland have successfully implemented a South-to-South partnership which has facilitated the development and operation of a cancer unit in Mbabane National Hospital. Although the cancer burden continues to rise in Africa, many countries do not have established oncology services. They rely on cancer treatment, care and support through referral to neighboring countries or overseas, which is costly for governments and poses multiple challenges for patients and their families. Until recently, Swaziland has relied on cancer treatment and care in South Africa. This paper presents a model where the Uganda Cancer Institute (UCI) in Uganda has been facilitated to support the establishment of a cancer unit in Swaziland. Aim: The intervention aimed at providing technical assistance to the Ministry of Health of Swaziland to initiate and operate a cancer unit in Mbabane Government Hospital through a formal arrangement with the UCI. Strategy/Tactics: The planning and execution of activities was done by a tripartite of APCA, Uganda Cancer Institute a government entity and the Swazi Ministry of Health. Program/Policy process: Over a period of one year (Decemeber 2016 to December 2017) APCA, through a grant from the ACS formerly engaged the UCI to support the initiation and operation of a cancer unit in Swaziland. This was through expert exchange visits through which on-job training and mentorship was provided to a team of staff at Mbabane Government Hospital, with coordination by the Swaziland Ministry of Health. Experiential visits to Uganda were also organized for the lead pharmacist in Swaziland and a doctor to enable them set up and run a cancer unit in their country. The exchange visits provided a forum for both observation and application of knowledge and skills. Outcomes: A cancer unit was successfully established at Mbabane Government Hospital in Swaziland, which now provides services for patients, with breast cancer and expanding to include other cancers. The Swaziland Ministry of Health has been key to the success of this development and continues to identify human, financial and other resources to sustain the cancer unit. To date 69 patients have successfully undergone chemotherapy: 43 breast cancer, 22 Kaposi sarcoma, 2 colorectal cancer, 1 bladder cancer, 1 multiple myeloma. 21 health care workers were trained on cancer management; 9 doctors, 7 nurses and 5 pharmacists. What was learned: There are many opportunities for South-to-South partnership to support the establishment or improvement of cancer care. This model implemented in Swaziland can be replicated in other African countries. Documenting the model for replication in other countries is recommended.