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Baierla, Gary, Kazuo Nishimura und Makoto Yano. „The role of capital depreciation in multi-sectoral models“. Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization 33, Nr. 3-4 (Januar 1998): 467–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0167-2681(97)00070-x.
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Білоусова, Т. П. „GENERAL ECONOMIC EQUILIBRIUM MODELS“. Таврійський науковий вісник. Серія: Економіка, Nr. 20 (31.05.2024): 38–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.32782/2708-0366/2024.20.4.
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The article examines the possibilities and limitations of empirical models of general economic equilibrium and makes their classification. Computable general equilibrium models are divided into two groups: the first group is based on the equilibrium price model (G. Scarf's approach), the second is based on a multi-sectoral model of economic growth (L. Johansen's approach). Dynamic stochastic general equilibrium models are also divided into two groups: the first group is based on the model of the real business cycle (the approach of F. Kydland and E. Prescott), the second is based on the model of various behavior of firms in conditions monopolistic competition (the approach of J. Rotemberg and M. Woodford). Within each group, empirical models were studied according to the following criteria: the scale of the economy, its openness; application for current and future assessments; socio-economic phenomenon under study.
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Chapa, Joana, und Araceli Ortega. „Identifying the Main Emitters of Carbon Dioxide in Mexico: A Multi-Sectoral Study“. Economía 17, Nr. 2 (01.04.2017): 135–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.31389/eco.69.
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In this paper, input-output and SAM-based multiplier models are formulated to identify the main emitters of direct, indirect, and induced carbon dioxide (CO2) for the Mexican economy. The models are based on a social accounting matrix for Mexico, with disaggregated household income and consumption patterns according to the official poverty line. The results show that the final users of the inputs that embody high levels of CO2 emissions are the next five sectors: (1) construction; (2) electricity, gas, and water supply; (3) inland transport; (4) food, beverages, and tobacco; and (5) coke, refined petroleum, and nuclear fuel. The findings suggest that the implementation of a carbon tax could damage poor families, since these families generate high direct, indirect, and induced CO2 emissions per unit of income, as a consequence of their consumption patterns of fuels and the products that embody high CO2 emissions levels (for example, agriculture, hunting, forestry, and fishing).
JEL Classifications: C58, I3, Q21, Q56
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Chrismas, Robert (Bob). „Justice on Turtle Island: Continuing the evolution of policing with First Nations, Métis and Inuit Peoples in Canada“. Journal of Community Safety and Well-Being 1, Nr. 2 (08.08.2016): 44. http://dx.doi.org/10.35502/jcswb.8.
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The relationship between policing and Canada’s First Nations and Métis peoples has historically been strained, and these tensions continue trans-generationally. This social innovation paper explores the possibility of integrating two effective paradigms that might positively enhance the relationship between policing and First Nations, Métis and Inuit peoples of Canada. The first is increased multi-sectoral collaboration around social issues, based on proven models such as Prince Albert Saskatchewan’s community mobilization initiative. The second is finding culturally sensitive alternatives to criminal courts by diverting cases into restorative justice processes that resonate more closely with Indigenous beliefs. These approaches would focus more on restoring community balance than pitting adversaries against one another in the mainstream criminal courts. Proposed for consideration is widening the restorative justice circle to include multi-sectoral resources to reduce the chances of re-offending and enhance conflict intervention and resolution.
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Jarosz, Ewa. „Integration of multi-sectoral activities in protecting children from violence – barriers and models of development“. Problemy Opiekuńczo-Wychowawcze 597, Nr. 2 (28.02.2021): 33–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.7827.
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Intersectoral cooperation is widely recommended strategy in child protection. However despite many efforts to develop it, the real picture of intersectoral collaboration still is not enough satisfying. Researchers identify many factors that are obstacles to its development. Based on the analysis of the practice some models for constructing and improving intersectoral cooperation are suggested. The aim of the paper is to present main barriers of this collaboration as well as to present an example of a functional model that helps to construct intersectoral collaboration in a local environment.
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Giorgio, Giorgi, und Cesare Zuccotti. „Metzlerian and Generalized Metzlerian Matrices: Some Properties and Economic Applications“. Journal of Mathematics Research 7, Nr. 2 (26.03.2015): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jmr.v7n2p42.
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In the first part of the paper we consider the main properties, with respectto stability and existence of solutions of multi-sectoral economic models,of Metzlerian and Morishima matrices. In the second part we introducevarious generalized Metzlerian matrices, in order to enlarge the results ofOhyama (1972) in the study of stability and comparative statics for aWalrasian-type equlibrium model.
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Florentin, Daniel. „From multi-utility to cross-utilities: The challenges of cross-sectoral entrepreneurial strategies in a German city“. Urban Studies 56, Nr. 11 (20.11.2018): 2242–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0042098018798974.
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In the water and energy sectors, projects geared towards new forms of cross-sectoral functioning have boomed in most European countries over the past decade, and have deeply transformed the ecology of urban services. These projects are often considered as an answer to a rising challenge affecting numerous traditional utilities: the unforeseen urban change relating to shifting (i.e. declining) demand patterns that are undermining traditional models of infrastructure management. The development of cross-sectoral strategies is considered a way both to tackle the attrition of traditional sources of revenue and to develop greener infrastructure systems by enhancing their efficiency level, often in line with low-carbon programmes implemented by national or local governments. The appeal lies in a fairly static perception of infrastructure management and technological change. Based on a detailed analysis of a traditional German local multi-utility and informed by a six-month internship within the company, the article deciphers the rationale of multi-sectoral practices, in particular the company’s transformation into a cross-utility that devised a common strategy for all its infrastructure networks and its ambiguities. Various facets of such ‘boundary work’ are analysed, focusing on organisational and financial aspects to reveal the new sites of tensions and negotiations between sectors, but also on the material component of these cross-sectoral projects through the case of one such nexus programme, a waste-to-energy programme. This programme embodies the potential contradictions between the call for reduced use of resources (i.e. the production of less waste) and the development of new urban technical systems relying primarily on those same resources.
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Junne, Tobias, Sonja Simon, Jens Buchgeister, Maximilian Saiger, Manuel Baumann, Martina Haase, Christina Wulf und Tobias Naegler. „Environmental Sustainability Assessment of Multi-Sectoral Energy Transformation Pathways: Methodological Approach and Case Study for Germany“. Sustainability 12, Nr. 19 (06.10.2020): 8225. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12198225.
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In order to analyse long-term transformation pathways, energy system models generally focus on economical and technical characteristics. However, these models usually do not consider sustainability aspects such as environmental impacts. In contrast, life cycle assessment enables an extensive estimate of those impacts. Due to these complementary characteristics, the combination of energy system models and life cycle assessment thus allows comprehensive environmental sustainability assessments of technically and economically feasible energy system transformation pathways. We introduce FRITS, a FRamework for the assessment of environmental Impacts of Transformation Scenarios. FRITS links bottom-up energy system models with life cycle impact assessment indicators and quantifies the environmental impacts of transformation strategies of the entire energy system (power, heat, transport) over the transition period. We apply the framework to conduct an environmental assessment of multi-sectoral energy scenarios for Germany. Here, a ‘Target’ scenario reaching 80% reduction of energy-related direct CO2 emissions is compared with a ‘Reference’ scenario describing a less ambitious transformation pathway. The results show that compared to 2015 and the ‘Reference’ scenario, the ‘Target’ scenario performs better for most life cycle impact assessment indicators. However, the impacts of resource consumption and land use increase for the ‘Target’ scenario. These impacts are mainly caused by road passenger transport and biomass conversion.
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Wang, Hui Ting, Shou Wen Ji und Lin Zhong. „IDEF-Based Procedure Analysis and Restructuring Design of the Online Overseas Purchasing Agent Business“. Applied Mechanics and Materials 685 (Oktober 2014): 706–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.685.706.
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For the lack of specific constrains, the lack of multi-sectoral joint supervision and the lack of data acquisition for online overseas purchasing and irregular clearance procedures and the loss of national revenue during the process of online overseas purchasing, this paper analyzes and restructures the process of it based on iDEF0 and IDEF3 models. Advantages of the restructuring process are mentioned in this paper.
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Toufique, Kazi Ali. „Bangladesh Experience in Rural Development: The Success and Failure of the Various Models Used“. Bangladesh Development Studies XXXXA, Nr. 1&2 (01.09.2017): 97–117. http://dx.doi.org/10.57138/tnbw4033.
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This paper describes the experience of rural development in Bangladesh by (i) highlighting the key stylized facts about the dynamics of the rural economy, (ii) summarising the key approaches, policies and programmes adopted for rural development, and (iii) making recommendations for improvement of rural development strategies. The rural economy has become more complex due to the growth of the non-farm sector, migration, commercialisation, development of infrastructure and appearance of new actors such as the NGOs. Farming still plays a critical role but not the central one and rural development strategy has to be more cross-sectoral and multi-occupational in approach.
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Temitope, Teniayo. „Investigating Innovative Models of Governance and Collaboration for Effective Public Administration in a Multi-Stakeholder Landscape“. International Journal Papier Public Review 4, Nr. 2 (26.05.2023): 18–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.47667/ijppr.v4i2.209.
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This thesis investigates innovative models of governance and collaboration in public administration to address the complexities of a multi-stakeholder landscape. The study explores the principles, characteristics, types, benefits, and challenges of collaborative governance, public-private partnerships, networked governance, and cross-sectoral collaboration. The research utilizes qualitative and quantitative methods, including interviews, surveys, and document analysis, to gather comprehensive insights. The findings showcase the importance of embracing new approaches that involve government agencies, private sector organizations, and civil society groups working together to tackle complex societal challenges. Tables present the key elements of each model, providing a visual comparison of their features and real-world applications. Additionally, the study highlights evaluation frameworks, such as the Logic Model, Results-Based Management (RBM), Theory of Change, Impact Evaluation, and Utilization-Focused Evaluation, to assess effectiveness and measure impact. The thesis contributes to the field of public administration by emphasizing the significance of collaborative governance and cross-sectoral collaboration. The research provides insights for policymakers, public administrators, and practitioners to adopt effective approaches in addressing challenges and achieving desired outcomes. By embracing innovative models of governance and collaboration, public administration can foster cooperation, inclusivity, and collective problem-solving among stakeholders. The study concludes with a call for further research and implementation of these approaches to create a resilient, responsive, and sustainable public administration system that delivers meaningful impact to society.
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Giap, Tan Khee, Nguyen Le Phuong Anh und Ye Ye Denise. „Development Growth Models for Singapore and Malaysia: A Geweke Causality Analysis“. Journal of Centrum Cathedra: The Business and Economics Research Journal 8, Nr. 2 (01.02.2015): 165–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jcc-08-02-2015-b005.
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Purpose Nearly five decades after undergoing a structural transformation and navigating several external shocks, both Singapore and Malaysia are now grappling with some crucial policy challenges that necessitate a course-correction in order to sustain their growth momentum, going forward. In light of the renewed interest in understanding the growth constraints faced by the two countries, this paper aims to empirically explore the drivers of economic growth in both Singapore and Malaysia, using data from 1975 to 2012. Design/methodology/approach The paper employs a novel empirical approach-the Geweke causality analysis-to investigate the causal drivers of economic growth in Singapore and Malaysia. Intuitively, the Geweke causality analysis helps us understand and measure the linear dependence and feedback between multiple time series variables. To that effect, we perform both a bi-variate as well as a multi-variate causality analysis. Findings The empirical results established using Geweke causality analysis suggest that Malaysia's new development trajectory should lie in rebalancing the economy toward greater domestic demand and building a robust services sector. The results also suggest that Singapore, on the other hand, should embrace a growth model that goes beyond relying heavily on foreign direct investment (FDI) as a source of economic growth as the linear dependence between FDI and real GDP growth appears to be weaker compared to the linear dependence between the remaining variables and the real GDP growth. Originality/value While the traditional growth accounting framework provides useful insights at the aggregate level, there is a growing literature that discusses the importance of sectoral analysis to understand structural transformations in the economies which become important to sustain productivity growth in the long-run. This is immensely relevant in the case of Malaysia and Singapore, as well, especially with the changing policy focus in these countries to overcome structural growth issues. In light of this growing discussion on the importance of understanding the growth dynamics at the sectoral level, this paper presents new empirical evidence on the growth drivers in Singapore and Malaysia with a sectoral focus.
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Zahra Moslemi, Samantha Rehome, Logan Clark, Sarah Kernal, Scott Sprengel, Ahoora Tamizifar, Shawna Tuli et al. „Comprehensive forecasting of California’s energy consumption: A multi-source and sectoral analysis using ARIMA and ARIMAX models“. World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews 22, Nr. 2 (30.05.2024): 484–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2024.22.2.1367.
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California’s significant role as the second-largest consumer of energy in the United States underscores the importance of accurate energy consumption predictions. With a thriving industrial sector, a burgeoning population, and ambitious environmental goals, the state’s energy landscape is dynamic and complex. This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of California’s energy consumption trends and provides detailed forecasting models for different energy sources and sectors. The study leverages ARIMA and ARIMAX models, considering both historical consumption data and exogenous variables. We address the unique challenges posed by the COVID-19 pandemic and the limited data for 2022, highlighting the resilience of these models in the face of uncertainty. Our analysis reveals that while fossil fuels continue to dominate California’s energy landscape, renewable energy sources, particularly solar and biomass, are experiencing substantial growth. Hydroelectric power, while sensitive to precipitation, remains a significant contributor to renewable energy consumption. Furthermore, we anticipate ongoing efforts to reduce fossil fuel consumption. The forecasts for energy consumption by sector suggest some decline in the commercial and residential sectors, reflecting California’s recently declining population and the shift away from brick-and-mortar shops and offices to online websites and remote work. In contrast, the industrial and transportation sectors are expected to experience some growth until they return to more constant pre-COVID levels.
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BRETSCHGER, LUCAS. „How to substitute in order to sustain: knowledge driven growth under environmental restrictions“. Environment and Development Economics 3, Nr. 4 (Oktober 1998): 425–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355770x98000229.
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This paper presents different substitution mechanisms which determine, in a theoretical framework, the conditions for long-term sustainable development. In a one-sector approach and in two versions of a multi-sector endogenous growth model, the accumulation and the substitution of man-made inputs for natural resources are analysed. Assuming man-made capital to be an output of a specific sector of the economy, the elasticities of substitution between the different inputs play a more complex role than suggested by the one-sector approach. According to the multi-sector models, the prediction of growth becoming sustainable emerges as realistic, provided that the sectoral adjustment costs in the economy are not too high.
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Van der Biest, Katrien, Jan Staes, Laura Prigge, Tim Schellekens, Dries Bonte, Bram D’hondt, Tom Ysebaert, Thomas Vanagt und Patrick Meire. „Integrating Ecosystem Services into Impact Assessments: A Process-Based Approach Applied to the Belgian Coastal Zone“. Sustainability 15, Nr. 21 (31.10.2023): 15506. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su152115506.
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Policy makers increasingly acknowledge the importance of considering ecosystem services (ESs) and biodiversity in impact assessment (IA) to reduce ecosystem degradation and halt ongoing losses of biodiversity. Recent research demonstrates how ESs can add value to IA, i.e., by shifting the focus from avoiding negative impacts to creating opportunities, by linking effects on ecological functioning to benefits for society, and by providing a multi-disciplinary framework that allows to consider cross-sectoral effects. However, challenges exist to its implementation in practice. The most commonly used ES models do not consider interactions among ESs. This restricts their capacity to account for cross-sectoral effects. Integrating ESs into IA also increases time investments as they cover a wide variety of disciplines and need detailed information. This paper presents a pragmatic approach that tackles these challenges and may facilitate the inclusion of ESs into IA. The approach focuses on ecosystem processes as the driver of ESs and biodiversity and the basis to evaluate effects of a project. Using the Belgian coastal ecosystem, we illustrate how the approach restricts data needs by identifying the priority ESs, how it improves the coverage of cross-sectoral effects in IA, and how it contributes to a more objective selection of impacts.
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Beklaryan, Gayane. „Intelligent multi-level decision-making system at the regional level: a conceptual approach“. Herald of CEMI 5, Nr. 2 (2022): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.33276/s265838870020946-3.
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This article presents a new conceptual approach to the development of an intelligent multi-level decision-making system (DMS) at the regional level. Examples of the developed simulation models are given and the possibilities of their practical application for the search for rational management decisions at the regional and sectoral levels are considered. An approach to the design of DMS is based on simulation modelling for economic planning at the level of the whole country, industries and sub-sectors of the economy, federal districts, separate regions of the Russian Federation, households and individuals involved in socio-economic processes considering the complex mechanism of their interaction is proposed.
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Keener, Michaela M., und Kimberly I. Tumlin. „The Triple-E Model: Advancing Equestrian Research with Perspectives from One Health“. Animals 13, Nr. 16 (16.08.2023): 2642. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani13162642.
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Equestrian sport has various welfare issues and educational needs. To address these complex interactions, we propose an integrated approach called the Triple-E Model, which focuses on the equine, equestrian, and environmental triad. A literature review of existing models suggests that complexities of these interactions are overlooked, despite the significant impact of equine industries on economics, healthcare, and animal welfare. This paper discusses current models and theories used to evaluate equine–equestrian–environmental interactions and introduces the Triple-E Model to foster multidisciplinary collaboration. Unlike the One Health triad, which focuses on disease emergence, transmission, and zoonosis, the Triple-E Model extends to non-infectious research, such as musculoskeletal injury. It promotes collaborative care and rehabilitation within the equestrian community by engaging multidisciplinary, multi-setting, and multi-sectoral teams. Given the nature of human–animal interaction and welfare considerations, this model fills the gap in understanding human–horse interactions. The paper highlights the limitations of existing models and explains how the Triple-E Model guides and encourages holistic team collaboration in the equestrian community.
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Sato, Hideo. „GRAHAM’S THEORY OF INTERNATIONAL VALUES REVISITED: A RICARDIAN TRADE MODEL WITH LINK COMMODITIES“. Journal of the History of Economic Thought 43, Nr. 2 (Juni 2021): 193–218. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1053837220000127.
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Frank D. Graham (1890–1949) presented an innovative multi-country, multi-commodity trade model that attached great importance to link commodities and quantity adjustments, not perfect specializations and price adjustments as emphasized by John Stuart Mill and Alfred Marshall. However, due to some shortcomings, this model was not sufficiently understood and has been forgotten. This study reconstructs Graham’s theory of international values by rectifying the shortcomings. Through this reconstruction, the following is clarified. First, in multi-country, multi-commodity trade models, the existence of link commodities is general and perfect specializations seldom appear; therefore, quantity adjustments are normally performed in the face of demand shifts. Second, notwithstanding unchanging sectoral productivity at a national level, national wage rates can vary greatly according to the patterns of the international division of labor. Third, while the domestic relative wage rate increases with an increase in a home country’s productivity of link commodities, it does not increase with an increase in the productivity of commodities produced only in the home country.
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Zalai, Ernő, und Tamás Révész. „The Issue of Macroeconomic Closure Revisited and Extended“. Acta Oeconomica 66, Nr. 1 (März 2016): 1–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/032.2016.66.1.1.
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Léon Walras (1874) had already realised that his neo-classical general equilibrium model could not accommodate autonomous investments. In the early 1960s, Amartya Sen analysed the same issue in a simple, one-sector macroeconomic model of a closed economy. He showed that fixing investment in the model, built strictly on neo-classical assumptions, would make the system overdetermined, and thus one should loosen some neo-classical conditions of competitive equilibrium. He analysed three not neo-classical “closure options”, which could make the model well-determined in the case of fixed investment. His list was later extended by others and it was shown that the closure dilemma arises in the more complex computable general equilibrium (CGE) models as well, as does the choice of adjustment mechanism assumed to bring about equilibrium at the macro level. It was also illustrated through several numerical models that the adopted closure rule can significantly affect the results of policy simulations based on a CGE model. Despite these warnings, the issue of macro closure is often neglected in policy simulations. It is, therefore, worth revisiting the issue and demonstrating by further examples its importance, as well as pointing out that the closure problem in the CGE models extends well beyond the problem of how to incorporate autonomous investments into a CGE model. Several closure rules are discussed in this paper and their diverse outcomes are illustrated by numerical models calibrated on statistical data. First, the analyses are done in a one-sector model, similar to Sen’s, but extended into a model of an open economy. Next, the same analyses are repeated using a fully-fledged multi-sectoral CGE model, calibrated on the same statistical data. Comparing the results obtained by the two models it is shown that although they generate quite similar results in terms of the direction and — to a somewhat lesser extent — of the magnitude of change in the main macro variables using the same closure option, the predictions of the multi-sectoral CGE model are clearly more realistic and balanced.
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CALVIN, KATHERINE, MARSHALL WISE, DAVID KLEIN, DAVID McCOLLUM, MASSIMO TAVONI, BOB VAN DER ZWAAN und DETLEF P. VAN VUUREN. „A MULTI-MODEL ANALYSIS OF THE REGIONAL AND SECTORAL ROLES OF BIOENERGY IN NEAR- AND LONG-TERM CO2 EMISSIONS REDUCTION“. Climate Change Economics 04, Nr. 04 (November 2013): 1340014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2010007813400149.
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This paper examines the near- and the long-term contribution of regional and sectoral bioenergy use in response to both regionally diverse near-term policies and longer-term global climate change mitigation policies. The use of several models provides a source of heterogeneity in terms of incorporating uncertain assumptions about future socioeconomics and technology, as well as different paradigms for how different regions and major economies of the world may respond to climate policies. The results highlight the heterogeneity and versatility of bioenergy itself, with different types of resources and applications in several energy sectors. In large part due to this versatility, the contribution of bioenergy to climate mitigation is a robust response across all models. Regional differences in bioenergy consumption, however, highlight the importance of assumptions about trade in bioenergy feedstocks and the influence of energy and climate policies. When global trade in bioenergy is possible, regional patterns of bioenergy use follow global patterns. When trade is assumed not to be feasible, regions with high bioenergy supply potential tend to consume more bioenergy than other regions. Energy and climate policies, such as renewable energy targets, can incentivize bioenergy use, but specifics of the policies will dictate the degree to which this is true. For example, renewable final energy targets, which include electric and non-electric renewable sources, increase bioenergy use in all models, while electric-only renewable targets have a mixed effect on bioenergy use across models.
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Huber, V., H. J. Schellnhuber, N. W. Arnell, K. Frieler, A. D. Friend, D. Gerten, I. Haddeland et al. „Climate impact research: beyond patchwork“. Earth System Dynamics 5, Nr. 2 (13.11.2014): 399–408. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/esd-5-399-2014.
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Abstract. Despite significant progress in climate impact research, the narratives that science can presently piece together of a 2, 3, 4, or 5 °C warmer world remain fragmentary. Here we briefly review past undertakings to characterise comprehensively and quantify climate impacts based on multi-model approaches. We then report on the Inter-Sectoral Impact Model Intercomparison Project (ISI-MIP), a community-driven effort to compare impact models across sectors and scales systematically, and to quantify the uncertainties along the chain from greenhouse gas emissions and climate input data to the modelling of climate impacts themselves. We show how ISI-MIP and similar efforts can substantially advance the science relevant to impacts, adaptation and vulnerability, and we outline the steps that need to be taken in order to make the most of the available modelling tools. We discuss pertinent limitations of these methods and how they could be tackled. We argue that it is time to consolidate the current patchwork of impact knowledge through integrated cross-sectoral assessments, and that the climate impact community is now in a favourable position to do so.
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Huber, V., H. J. Schellnhuber, N. W. Arnell, K. Frieler, A. D. Friend, D. Gerten, I. Haddeland et al. „Climate impacts research: beyond patchwork“. Earth System Dynamics Discussions 5, Nr. 1 (17.06.2014): 721–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/esdd-5-721-2014.
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Abstract. Despite significant progress in climate impacts research, the narratives that science can presently piece together of a 2, 3, 4, or 5 degree warmer world remain fragmentary. Here we briefly review past undertakings to comprehensively characterize and quantify climate impacts based on multi-model approaches. We then report on the Inter-Sectoral Impact Model Intercomparison Project (ISI-MIP), a community-driven effort to systematically compare impacts models across sectors and scales, and to quantify the uncertainties along the chain from greenhouse gas emissions and climate input data to the modelling of climate impacts themselves. We show how ISI-MIP and similar efforts can substantially advance the science relevant to impacts, adaptation and vulnerability, and we outline the steps that need to be taken in order to make the most of available modelling tools. We discuss pertinent limitations of these methods and how they could be tackled. We argue that it is time to consolidate the current patchwork of impacts knowledge through integrated cross-sectoral assessments, and that the climate impacts community is now in a favourable position to do so.
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Sándor, Ágnes, und Ákos Gubán. „A multi-dimensional model to the digital maturity life-cycle for SMEs“. International Journal of Information Systems and Project Management 10, Nr. 3 (06.10.2022): 58–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.12821/ijispm100303.
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As companies try to maintain and strengthen their competitive advantage, they should be aware of the level of their digital maturity. The study aims to present a methodology that helps to determine the position of a small and medium-sized enterprise in the digital maturity life-cycle. This is performed on the basis of maturity and digital maturity models, and company growth theories. A number of studies and models have been prepared to determine digital maturity on the basis of various sectoral criteria, but these are all one-dimensional. The study therefore proposes a multi-dimensional model for determining the digital maturity life-cycle of small and medium-sized enterprises that takes into account companies’ digital maturity, the IT intensity of various sectors and their organizational characteristics. The model defines five maturity levels together with their relevant characteristics, classified into three levels in terms of data-information. It can help small and medium-sized enterprises adopt more accurate decisions regarding areas in need of development.
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Авдотьин, В. П., und Ю. С. Авдотьина. „FEATURES OF ECONOMIC MODELING IN NATURAL AND MAN-MADE EMERGENCY SITUATIONS BASED ON INTER-SECTORY BALANCE MODELS“. Safety in the Modern World, Nr. 1(2) (26.01.2024): 55–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.25629/smw.2024.01.07.
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В анализ экономических последствий чрезвычайных ситуаций (ЧС) и оценке устойчивости экономические модели межотраслевого баланса (модель «затраты – выпуск», экономико-математическая балансовая модель) характеризующие межотраслевые производственные взаимосвязи в экономике страны стали играть заметную роль в анализе последствий ЧС и оценке устойчивости. Эти модели привлекают внимание к различию между прямыми экономическими потерями и каскадными эффектами, которые могут возникнуть внутри многоотраслевой экономической системы в результате ЧС. Расширение возможностей системы анализа межотраслевого баланса имеет решающее значение для адекватной оценки последствий ЧС в отраслевом и региональном разрезе. В статье представлены различные аспекты моделирования ЧС, а также оценка экономической устойчивости с использованием экономико-математических моделей межотраслевого типа. In the analysis of the economic consequences of emergency situations (ES) and the assessment of sustainability, economic models of intersectoral balance (input-output model, economic-mathematical balance model) characterizing intersectoral production relationships in the country’s economy began to play a prominent role in the analysis of the consequences of emergencies and assessment of sustainability. These models draw attention to the difference between direct economic losses and the cascading effects that can arise within a multi-sectoral economic system as a result of a disaster. Expanding the capabilities of the system for analyzing the intersectoral balance is crucial for adequately assessing the consequences of emergencies at a sectoral and regional level. The article presents various aspects of emergency modeling, as well as assessing economic sustainability using economic-mathematical models of an intersectoral type. Structure of the article: introduction, models of inter-industry balance, presentation of emergencies in the system of input balance, methods of input balance for analyzing the consequences of emergencies, dynamic methods, balance models and sustainability assessment, conclusions, references.
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Timalsina, Keshab Prasad. „Analysis of Influencing Risk Models of Elderly Abuse“. International Research Journal of MMC 3, Nr. 1 (30.03.2022): 24–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/irjmmc.v3i1.44187.
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The elderly abuse recognizing to be a substantial and growing public health problem worldwide. The present study aims to analyse the risk factors of elderly abuse in family environment of Nijgadh Municipality. A descriptive cross-sectional study has been carried out among 204 elders taken from the community through simple random sampling method. The data were collected through face to face structured interview schedule in 2021. The binary logistic regression model was created as statistical analysis. The result of the study revealed that the elders who lived without spouse were 6.221 times more likely to be abused than those who lived with partners. Followed by functional disability of elders (elders with disability were 2.277 times higher than no disability), etc. This study created 5 models of risk factors among which model 2 had explained variation (24.6%) than others. This study found that living without a spouse, dependency, poor health, having fewer family members and the aging of seniors are the most common reasons for being abused in a family environment. This research has produced data on the odds ratio of elderly abuse based on many socio-demographic factors, which can be utilized to identify and protect elders who are at high risk of abuse through multi-sectoral social justice action.
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Caxaj, C. Susana. „A Review of Mental Health Approaches for Rural Communities: Complexities and Opportunities in the Canadian Context“. Canadian Journal of Community Mental Health 35, Nr. 1 (01.02.2016): 29–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.7870/cjcmh-2015-023.
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Three mental health approaches with potential relevance to rural Canada were reviewed: telepsychiatry, integrated mental health models, and community-based approaches. These approaches have been evaluated in relation to their cost-effectiveness, comprehensiveness, client-centredness, cultural appropriateness, acceptability, feasibility and fidelity; criteria that may vary amidst rural contexts. Collaborative approaches to care, technologies fully integrated into local health systems, multi-sectoral capacity-building, and further engagement with informal social support networks may be particularly promising strategies in rural communities. More research is required to determine rural mental health pathways among diverse social groups, and further, to establish the acceptability of novel approaches in mental health.
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Han, Luxin, und Yu Tian. „Enhancing Healthcare Delivery through Integrated Management Strategies: A Multi-Sector Approach“. International Journal of Social Sciences and Public Administration 4, Nr. 1 (23.08.2024): 219–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.62051/ijsspa.v4n1.23.
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This paper examines the potential of integrated management strategies to enhance healthcare delivery through a multi-sectoral approach. The study explores the synergy between public, private, and non-governmental sectors in improving healthcare systems, emphasizing collaboration, resource optimization, and shared governance. By analyzing existing frameworks and case studies, the research identifies critical strategies such as cross-sector partnerships, data-driven decision-making, and adaptive leadership. The findings underscore the importance of coordinated efforts in addressing systemic challenges, optimizing resource allocation, and improving service delivery. The study concludes that an integrated management approach is crucial for fostering sustainable healthcare outcomes, particularly in complex and resource-constrained environments. This research offers practical insights for policymakers, healthcare managers, and stakeholders in designing collaborative models that prioritize patient care, efficiency, and innovation.
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Tuominen, Tuula, Mari Harju, Erja Oksman und Anneli Hujala. „Co-designing integrated care for high-needs clients: the Help Team for school-aged children“. Journal of Integrated Care 27, Nr. 2 (15.04.2019): 123–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jica-05-2018-0036.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to describe a Finnish pilot project aiming to support high-needs clients in their everyday lives by developing an integrated care approach based on the multi-sectoral collaboration of care professionals. The Help Team for school-aged children will be described as an example of the integrative practices developed on the project. Design/methodology/approach Altogether 250 professionals from primary and secondary health care and social care and from the education sector were designated to collaborate in 37 local, multi-sectoral teams, aiming to develop integrated care practices for high-needs clients. Teamwork was supported by coaches and project seminars, the Breakthrough method and other LEAN methods. The project was evaluated internally by means of a survey and interviews with the participants. Findings As a result of the project, all 37 teams developed a specific collaboration model for their selected target group comprising different kinds of high-needs clients. Research limitations/implications The sustainability of the outcomes of the project depends on how managers and decision-makers are committed to applying the collaboration models in future. Practical implications Many of the collaboration models developed in the project will be implemented in practice in a wider area. Social implications The project highlighted the need to pay attention to the problems of people with multiple care needs and the challenges they pose for integrated care. Originality/value The project was based on the client-centered development work done by frontline professionals. Due to the high level of involvement of the professionals themselves, the project proved highly instructive for them. It is extremely important to engage frontline level professionals in development work and support them in collaborating beyond the traditional “silos”.
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Snyder, Abigail, Noah Prime, Claudia Tebaldi und Kalyn Dorheim. „Uncertainty-informed selection of CMIP6 Earth system model subsets for use in multisectoral and impact models“. Earth System Dynamics 15, Nr. 5 (15.10.2024): 1301–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/esd-15-1301-2024.
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Abstract. Earth system models (ESMs) and general circulation models (GCMs) are heavily used to provide inputs to sectoral impact and multisector dynamic models, which include representations of energy, water, land, economics, and their interactions. Therefore, representing the full range of model uncertainty, scenario uncertainty, and interannual variability that ensembles of these models capture is critical to the exploration of the future co-evolution of the integrated human–Earth system. The pre-eminent source of these ensembles has been the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP). With more modeling centers participating in each new CMIP phase, the size of the model archive is rapidly increasing, which can be intractable for impact modelers to effectively utilize due to computational constraints and the challenges of analyzing large datasets. In this work, we present a method to select a subset of the latest phase, CMIP6, featuring models for use as inputs to a sectoral impact or multisector dynamics models, while prioritizing preservation of the range of model uncertainty, scenario uncertainty, and interannual variability in the full CMIP6 ensemble results. This method is intended to help impact modelers select climate information from the CMIP archive efficiently for use in downstream models that require global coverage of climate information. This is particularly critical for large-ensemble experiments of multisector dynamic models that may be varying additional features beyond climate inputs in a factorial design, thus putting constraints on the number of climate simulations that can be used. We focus on temperature and precipitation outputs of CMIP6 models, as these are two of the most used variables among impact models, and many other key input variables for impacts are at least correlated with one or both of temperature and precipitation (e.g., relative humidity). Besides preserving the multi-model ensemble variance characteristics, we prioritize selecting CMIP6 models in the subset that preserve the very likely distribution of equilibrium climate sensitivity values as assessed by the latest Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) report. This approach could be applied to other output variables of climate models and, possibly when combined with emulators, offers a flexible framework for designing more efficient experiments on human-relevant climate impacts. It can also provide greater insight into the properties of existing CMIP6 models.
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Stella Nyanzi. „Th Role of Faith Healing in an HIV High-Risk Area: A Case Study of Balokole Churches in Masaka District, Uganda“. CODESRIA Bulletin, Nr. 02-03-04 (14.01.2003): 89–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.57054/cb02-03-0420034014.
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Diverse modes of health care — western bio-medicine, African traditional therapies, herbalism, Eastern mysticism and alternative therapies such as yoga and ayurvedic medicine, faith healing based on psycho-spiritual models, and many others — co-exist in most African countries (Last 1990, Turner 1968). Medical anthropologists (Kleinman 1980, Helman 1994) have suggested that three basic sectors of health-care can be identified: the popular sector, the folk sector and the professional sector. These sectors overlap and interact, but each sector has its own ways of explaining and treating illness, defining who is the healer and who is the patient and specifying how the healer and patient interact in their therapeutic encounter. Up to now research on health care in Africa has focused mainly on the folk and professional sectors. Yet the popular sector is very dynamic and is constantly evolving in response to contemporary social-cultural phenomena. This paper examines the role of contemporary faith healing in an HIV high-risk area. It is based on field research in Masaka District of southwestern Uganda on modern faith healing churches whose ideology emphasises supernatural, ‘miracle’ healing. Several studies (Rwomushana 2000, Asiimwe-Okorir et.al 1997, Mulder et al. 1995) have attributed Uganda’s success in fighting HIV/Aids to a rigorous multi-sectoral strategy combining holistic health care services with health education, information and communication directed at the rural and urban masses. Under the much praised leadership of the president of Uganda, government departments, public enterprises, non-governmental organisations, community-based organisatoins, multi-national companies and faith-based institutions have all joined hands to combat the epidemic with from as high as 38 percent to less than 7 percent. This papercuses on the role of one sector in this multi-sectoral partnership, faith healing and miracle churches..
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Dermody, Brian J., Murugesu Sivapalan, Elke Stehfest, Detlef P. van Vuuren, Martin J. Wassen, Marc F. P. Bierkens und Stefan C. Dekker. „A framework for modelling the complexities of food and water security under globalisation“. Earth System Dynamics 9, Nr. 1 (31.01.2018): 103–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/esd-9-103-2018.
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Abstract. We present a new framework for modelling the complexities of food and water security under globalisation. The framework sets out a method to capture regional and sectoral interdependencies and cross-scale feedbacks within the global food system that contribute to emergent water use patterns. The framework integrates aspects of existing models and approaches in the fields of hydrology and integrated assessment modelling. The core of the framework is a multi-agent network of city agents connected by infrastructural trade networks. Agents receive socio-economic and environmental constraint information from integrated assessment models and hydrological models respectively and simulate complex, socio-environmental dynamics that operate within those constraints. The emergent changes in food and water resources are aggregated and fed back to the original models with minimal modification of the structure of those models. It is our conviction that the framework presented can form the basis for a new wave of decision tools that capture complex socio-environmental change within our globalised world. In doing so they will contribute to illuminating pathways towards a sustainable future for humans, ecosystems and the water they share.
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Ansar, Muhammad, Suria Darma Tarigan und Dwi P. T. Baskoro. „PERAN DAN KOORDINASI LEMBAGA LINTAS SEKTORAL DALAM KONSERVASI SUMBERDAYA AIR (STUDI KASUS DAS GUMBASA KABUPATEN DONGGALA PROVINSI SULAWESI TENGAH)“. Jurnal Ilmu Tanah dan Lingkungan 11, Nr. 2 (08.10.2019): 49–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/jitl.11.2.49-57.
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Watershed management consists of multi stakeholders. Therefore, institutional aspect for regulating interaction among stakeholders is very important to be taken into consideration in watershed management. Watershed management will only be efficient if institutional aspect functioning in harmony. Objective of this research is to study role and coordination of cross sectoral government institutions in management of water resource conservation. In this research five elements of water resource conservation were analized, there are: 1) involved organizations, 2) related regulations, 3) management function performance (planning, execution, and controlling), 4) coordination aspect, and 5) priority instrument. Each of those elements was sub-divided into sub-elements according to analysis model used in this research. Two models were used in this analysis. Those are Interpretative Structural Modeling (ISM) and Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). Base on the analysis it is concluded that Big Agency of Lore Lindu National Park (BBTNLL), Agency of Watershed Management (BPDAS) Palu-Poso, and Forestry and Plantation Service of Donggala Regency were the most influential organizations in planning, execution, and controlling water resources conservation. Role of those organizations in the management activities were mainly regulated in the respective regulations. Coordination among acting organization is still weak due so the sectoral-ego and lack of qualified human resources.
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Ghabban, Marwan. „Sectoral Composition of Outward FDI and its Impact on Export Diversification in Saudi Arabia“. Academic Journal of Research and Scientific Publishing 6, Nr. 63 (05.07.2024): 68–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.52132/ajrsp.e.2024.63.3.
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This research explores the relationship between outward foreign direct investment (FDI) and export diversification in emerging economies, with a focus on the case study of Saudi Arabia. Utilizing a multi-equation model and vector autoregression analysis, the study investigates various factors such as the level and sectoral composition of outward FDI, income levels, institutional factors, and regional trade agreements. The findings suggest that while outward FDI can influence export diversification, its impact varies based on factors such as the sectoral distribution of investments, income levels, and institutional quality. Additionally, cointegration and vector error correction models reveal long-term relationships among key variables, highlighting the complex interplay between economic development, governance, and investment patterns. Impulse response analysis sheds light on the dynamic nature of shocks and their effects on the economy over time, emphasizing the interconnectedness of variables. Variance decomposition analysis further elucidates the significance of shocks in explaining fluctuations in model variables, underscoring the systemic interdependencies at play. Overall, the study provides valuable insights into the mechanisms through which outward FDI influences export diversification and economic development in emerging economies like Saudi Arabia and institutional reforms are essential; strengthening institutions and improving regulatory frameworks can amplify the positive effects of outward FDI on export diversification.
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Tarariko, Yurii, Vladyslav Knysh und Ibrokhim Sapaev. „Bioenergy agroecosystems as a basis for food sustainability“. BIO Web of Conferences 151 (2025): 01001. https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/202515101001.
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The article examines the prospects for the introduction of a bioenergy system of agricultural production in Western Polesie using the example of a reclaimed area of 10 thousand hectares, under the jurisdiction of the Shatsk Department of Reclamation Systems (Volyn region, Ukraine). A multi-option simulation of the potential sectoral structure of this region was conducted using the “Agroecosystem” software package. The study assessed the key components of the agri-resource potential of the region, identified conditions for improving its efficiency, and proposed sustainable models for sectoral development based on bioenergy principles. A comparative computer analysis showed that the most promising scenario includes organic farming, high-yield dairy production, and the processing of raw materials into dairy and meat products, oil, and flax fiber. Energy needs are met through biogas production from all agricultural waste, which is fully sanitized. The application of biological crop protection systems and energy self-sufficiency reduces production costs by 30%, while the quality and market value of high-end food products increase accordingly. As a result, agricultural profitability rises significantly, and the local population benefits from affordable, high- quality food and products made from natural raw materials. In the future, an important part of the profit could come from reducing greenhouse gas emissions.
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Karstensen, J., G. P. Peters und R. M. Andrew. „Uncertainty in temperature response of current consumption-based emissions estimates“. Earth System Dynamics 6, Nr. 1 (27.05.2015): 287–309. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/esd-6-287-2015.
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Abstract. Several studies have connected emissions of greenhouse gases to economic and trade data to quantify the causal chain from consumption to emissions and climate change. These studies usually combine data and models originating from different sources, making it difficult to estimate uncertainties along the entire causal chain. We estimate uncertainties in economic data, multi-pollutant emission statistics, and metric parameters, and use Monte Carlo analysis to quantify contributions to uncertainty and to determine how uncertainty propagates to estimates of global temperature change from regional and sectoral territorial- and consumption-based emissions for the year 2007. We find that the uncertainties are sensitive to the emission allocations, mix of pollutants included, the metric and its time horizon, and the level of aggregation of the results. Uncertainties in the final results are largely dominated by the climate sensitivity and the parameters associated with the warming effects of CO2. Based on our assumptions, which exclude correlations in the economic data, the uncertainty in the economic data appears to have a relatively small impact on uncertainty at the national level in comparison to emissions and metric uncertainty. Much higher uncertainties are found at the sectoral level. Our results suggest that consumption-based national emissions are not significantly more uncertain than the corresponding production-based emissions since the largest uncertainties are due to metric and emissions which affect both perspectives equally. The two perspectives exhibit different sectoral uncertainties, due to changes of pollutant compositions. We find global sectoral consumption uncertainties in the range of ±10 to ±27 % using the Global Temperature Potential with a 50-year time horizon, with metric uncertainties dominating. National-level uncertainties are similar in both perspectives due to the dominance of CO2 over other pollutants. The consumption emissions of the top 10 emitting regions have a broad uncertainty range of ±9 to ±25 %, with metric and emission uncertainties contributing similarly. The absolute global temperature potential (AGTP) with a 50-year time horizon has much higher uncertainties, with considerable uncertainty overlap for regions and sectors, indicating that the ranking of countries is uncertain.
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Karstensen, J., G. P. Peters und R. M. Andrew. „Uncertainty in temperature response of current consumption-based emissions estimates“. Earth System Dynamics Discussions 5, Nr. 2 (09.09.2014): 1013–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/esdd-5-1013-2014.
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Abstract. Several studies have connected emissions of greenhouse gases to economic and trade data to quantify the causal chain from consumption to emissions and climate change. These studies usually combine data and models originating from different sources, making it difficult to estimate uncertainties in the end results. We estimate uncertainties in economic data, multi-pollutant emission statistics and metric parameters, and use Monte Carlo analysis to quantify contributions to uncertainty and to determine how uncertainty propagates to estimates of global temperature change from regional and sectoral territorial- and consumption-based emissions for the year 2007. We find that the uncertainties are sensitive to the emission allocations, mix of pollutants included, the metric and its time horizon, and the level of aggregation of the results. Uncertainties in the final results are largely dominated by the climate sensitivity and the parameters associated with the warming effects of CO2. The economic data have a relatively small impact on uncertainty at the global and national level, while much higher uncertainties are found at the sectoral level. Our results suggest that consumption-based national emissions are not significantly more uncertain than the corresponding production based emissions, since the largest uncertainties are due to metric and emissions which affect both perspectives equally. The two perspectives exhibit different sectoral uncertainties, due to changes of pollutant compositions. We find global sectoral consumption uncertainties in the range of ±9–±27% using the global temperature potential with a 50 year time horizon, with metric uncertainties dominating. National level uncertainties are similar in both perspectives due to the dominance of CO2 over other pollutants. The consumption emissions of the top 10 emitting regions have a broad uncertainty range of ±9–±25%, with metric and emissions uncertainties contributing similarly. The Absolute global temperature potential with a 50 year time horizon has much higher uncertainties, with considerable uncertainty overlap for regions and sectors, indicating that the ranking of countries is uncertain.
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Docherty, Julia M., Feng Mao, Wouter Buytaert, Julian RA Clark und David M. Hannah. „A framework for understanding water-related multi-hazards in a sustainable development context“. Progress in Physical Geography: Earth and Environment 44, Nr. 2 (30.01.2020): 267–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0309133319900926.
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Hazards often do not occur in isolation and, for this reason, a multi-hazard approach is vital in realising their impact and providing solutions for disaster risk reduction and sustainable development. We present a novel framework that emerges from a bibliometric analysis of the multi-hazard literature and a critical appraisal of the existing approaches. It was found that multi-hazard research has expanded greatly over the last 20 years, furthering our understanding of the subject with important applications in risk assessment and management. These studies have contextualised multi-hazards, developed models and frameworks to analyse them, provided case studies to test multi-hazard-based approaches and produced reviews. It was found that landslides and floods are the most frequently co-occurring hazards within the bibliographic dataset, yet understanding of their interactions, hydrometeorological drivers and landscape controls remains poorly conceptualised. Therefore, we propose a new framework for investigating water-related multi-hazards that leverages and synthesises existing methods to address the challenges identified to date. We also find a geographical bias, with less multi-hazard research in lower- and middle-income countries and remote environments due to data scarcity and limited accessibility. Our framework therefore includes the ability to address geographically specific key considerations including available and accessible data, community variability and cross-sectoral collaborations. In doing so it offers guidance on structuring future analyses to improve our understanding of multi-hazards, reduce disaster risk, increase community resilience and make progress towards sustainable development.
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Liu, Gengyuan, Asim Nawab, Fanxin Meng, Aamir Mehmood Shah, Xiaoya Deng, Yan Hao, Biagio F. Giannetti, Feni Agostinho, Cecília M. V. B. Almeida und Marco Casazza. „Understanding the Sustainability of the Energy–Water–Land Flow Nexus in Transnational Trade of the Belt and Road Countries“. Energies 14, Nr. 19 (02.10.2021): 6311. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14196311.
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Increasing economic and population growth has put immense pressure on energy, water and land resources to satisfy national and supra-national demand. Through trade, a large proportion of such a demand is fulfilled. With trade as one of its key priorities, the China Belt and Road Initiative is a long-term transcontinental investment program. The initiative gained significant attention due to greater opportunities for economic development, large population and different levels of resource availability. The nexus approach has appeared as a new viewpoint in discussions on balancing the competing sectoral demands. However, following years of work, constraints exist in the scope and focus of studies. The newly developed multi-regional input–output (MRIO) models covering the world’s economy and its use of resources permit a comprehensive analysis of resource usage by production and consumption at different levels, and bring more knowledge about resource nexus problems. Using the MRIO model, this work simultaneously tracks energy, water and land use flows and investigates the transnational resource nexus. A nexus strength indicator is proposed which depends on ternary diagrams to grade countries based on their combined resources’ use and sectoral weighting. Equal sectoral weighting is assigned. The analysis presented a sectorally balanced nexus approach. Findings support existing work by recognizing energy, water and land as the robust transnational connections, from both production and consumption points of view. Resource nexus issues differ from country to country owing to inequalities in industrial set-up, preferences in economic policy and resource endowments. The paper outlines how key resource nexus problems can be identified and prioritized in view of alternative and often opposing interests.
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Raju Chhetri, Sushil Ghimire, Shree Prasad Aryal, Rajendra Dura, Prasannata Lamichhane und Gaurav Chhetri. „Transformative effects of mid-day school meal program in Nuwakot district through Homegrown model: A case study of Nepal“. World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews 21, Nr. 2 (28.02.2024): 808–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2024.21.2.0454.
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This study aims to explore the roles of various actors in school meal programs in the Nuwakot district, particularly those following homegrown models. A mixed-method research approach was employed, involving 16 government schools (with 64 interviews) from two local governments to understand the program's impact. The school meal program in Nepal has heightened awareness among various stakeholders. Hot meals are prepared and served, with a collaborative effort in line with homegrown models involving parents who play a significant role. Schools, too, contribute significantly to the success of the program. The utilization of locally produced foods has increased, albeit with seasonal variations, and involves farmers and cooperatives. This shift has resulted in changes in dietary practices. The cooperative's role is pivotal in ensuring an ongoing supply of limited school and food items. Local markets play a crucial role in meeting demands for these programs. The local governments' role is vital, requiring a multi-sectoral approach to effectively support and sustain the program.
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Baniaga, Greg Emmanuel. „Practices and Challenges on the Relationship to Support the Goals of Impact Ranked Universities in the Philippines“. Bedan Research Journal 9, Nr. 1 (22.10.2024): 246–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.58870/berj.v9i1.72.
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This study investigated the collaborative efforts of Philippine Higher Education Institutions (PHEIs) with NGOs, government agencies, and other stakeholders in advancing the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). By leveraging their academic capabilities, PHEIs ranked by the Times Higher Education Impact Ranking played a crucial role in addressing global challenges through a multi-sectoral approach. This study emphasized the importance of collaborating with regional NGOs and government agencies for policy-making and multi-sectoral dialogue in promoting participatory decision-making. It also highlighted the significance of international collaborations in standardizing data gathering and sharing best practices, thus enhancing the quality and impact of research related to public policy and sustainable development. PHEIs' engagement with NGOs was pivotal in mobilizing resources for community-targeted projects, including disaster risk reduction, health and well-being, educational outreach, and environmental conservation. These initiatives contributed to immediate community needs and built long-term resilience and sustainability. Findings revealed that PHEIs were not only centers of learning but also key players in the global sustainable development agenda. Their ability to bridge knowledge gaps, coupled with the operational reach of NGOs and the policy influence of government bodies, formed a powerful force for societal transformation. As the world progressed towards the 2030 Agenda, it was essential for PHEIs to strengthen partnerships, expand research scope, and enhance community engagement practices. This would not only advance the SDGs but also shape an inclusive and resilient sustainable future. The study called for continued innovation in partnership models and inclusive strategies that engaged all societal sectors, ensuring substantial and measurable progress towards the SDGs. The ongoing commitment of PHEIs would be crucial in achieving a sustainable world for future generations.
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Rosemary Wahu Mbogo. „Multisectoral Leadership Responsibilities in Addressing the Teenage Pregnancy Crisis in Kenya: A Study of Systematic Reviews“. Editon Consortium Journal of Arts, Humanities and Social Studies 3, Nr. 1 (06.07.2021): 276–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.51317/ecjahss.v3i1.234.
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This paper, therefore, proposes ways through which leaders can innovatively address teenage pregnancy concerns in society. The report comparatively assesses data on the prevalence of adolescent pregnancy in Kenya and other countries in the region of East Africa and global interventions and their impact on the lives of teenagers and communities. It further examines data from empirical studies, especially from systematic reviews, to identify critical themes on teenage pregnancy and recommend intervention models based on the available data. The study conclude that teenage pregnancy has been a perennial issue in Kenyan society, leading to drop-out rates and denying teenagers, primarily girls, opportunities for university education or meaningful academic achievement to thrive. The study recommended that the government and other stakeholders should address the menace by providing students with opportunities to enhance possibilities of completing primary education (high school). Multidimensional and multi-sectoral, including multi-agency interventions, can create programs with the potential to reduce teenage pregnancies by lowering school dropout rates, improving academic performance, training on reproductive health, identifying and deploying talent, equipping for wealth creation and addressing retrogressive cultural practices.
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Verschuur, Jasper, Alberto Fernández-Pérez, Evelyn Mühlhofer, Sadhana Nirandjan, Edoardo Borgomeo, Olivia Becher, Asimina Voskaki et al. „Quantifying climate risks to infrastructure systems: A comparative review of developments across infrastructure sectors“. PLOS Climate 3, Nr. 4 (04.04.2024): e0000331. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pclm.0000331.
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Infrastructure systems are particularly vulnerable to climate hazards, such as flooding, wildfires, cyclones and temperature fluctuations. Responding to these threats in a proportionate and targeted way requires quantitative analysis of climate risks, which underpins infrastructure resilience and adaptation strategies. The aim of this paper is to review the recent developments in quantitative climate risk analysis for key infrastructure sectors, including water and wastewater, telecommunications, health and education, transport (seaports, airports, road, rail and inland waterways), and energy (generation, transmission and distribution). We identify several overarching research gaps, which include the (i) limited consideration of multi-hazard and multi-infrastructure interactions within a single modelling framework, (ii) scarcity of studies focusing on certain combinations of climate hazards and infrastructure types, (iii) difficulties in scaling-up climate risk analysis across geographies, (iv) increasing challenge of validating models, (v) untapped potential of further knowledge spillovers across sectors, (vi) need to embed equity considerations into modelling frameworks, and (vii) quantifying a wider set of impact metrics. We argue that a cross-sectoral systems approach enables knowledge sharing and a better integration of infrastructure interdependencies between multiple sectors.
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Fatima Gulzar, Zahir Faridi und Sajid Pervez. „The Trajectory of Energy-Growth Relationships Revisited: A Multi-Sectoral Analysis with Relevance of Time Inclinations in Europe“. PERENNIAL JOURNAL OF HISTORY 3, Nr. 2 (31.12.2022): 439–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.52700/pjh.v3i2.133.
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This study examines the multidimensional impact of energy intensity (EI) and sectoral energy consumption on economic performance (EP). A sample of dataset includes European economies consisting of three decades from 1990 to 2020 is analyzed by employing several estimators and an inclusive estimation strategy for empirical robustness. This component of research is concerned with determining the trajectory of energy-growth relationships in order to explain changes in magnitude and intensity through time. This study is required in order to make an accurate comparison across time periods that how the change dimension is increasing or decreasing. Econometric practice is panel two step GMM. This study estimated by using GMM estimation and the results have been reported on the basis of probability values of F-statistics. The Kleibergen-Paap rk LM statistic with chi-square p-values of under-identification test are used to check the identification of the model. The chi-square probability values of Kleibergen-Paap rk LM statistics in all of the models of current study are highly significant which shows that model are identified. Moreover, Hansen J statistics are included to check validity of instruments. Our key findings suggest that energy intensity and energy mix on economic performance for European countries varies depending on the time era and degree of development. Results predict that economic expansion tends to be acutely susceptible to EI after 1990, and the lower the amount of income per capita, greater the sensitivity. It is also obvious that a broader approach is required.
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Kegler, Michelle C., Ana Dekanosidze, Arevik Torosyan, Lilit Grigoryan, Shaheen Rana, Varduhi Hayrumyan, Zhanna Sargsyan und Carla J. Berg. „Community coalitions for smoke-free environments in Armenia and Georgia: A mixed methods analysis of coalition formation, implementation and perceived effectiveness“. PLOS ONE 18, Nr. 8 (03.08.2023): e0289149. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0289149.
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Effective models for aligning public health and civil society at the local level have the potential to impact various global health issues, including tobacco. Georgia and Armenia Teams for Healthy Environments and Research (GATHER) is a collaboration between Armenia, Georgia and U.S. researchers involving a community randomized trial testing the impact of community coalitions to promote smoke-free policy adoption and compliance in various settings. Community Coalition Action Theory (CCAT) was used to guide and describe coalition formation, implementation and effectiveness. Mixed methods were used to evaluate 14 municipality-based coalitions in Georgia and Armenia, including semi-structured interviews (n = 42) with coalition leaders and active members, coalition member surveys at two timepoints (n = 85 and n = 83), and review of action plans and progress reports. Results indicated successful creation of 14 multi-sectoral coalitions, most commonly representing education, public health, health care, and municipal administration. Half of the coalitions created at least one smoke-free policy in specific settings (e.g., factories, parks), and all 14 promoted compliance with existing policies through no-smoking signage and stickers. The majority also conducted awareness events in school, health care, and community settings, in addition to educating the public about COVID and the dangers of tobacco use. Consistent with CCAT, coalition processes (e.g., communication) were associated with member engagement and collaborative synergy which, in turn, correlated with perceived community impact, skills gained by coalition members, and interest in sustainability. Findings suggest that community coalitions can be formed in varied sociopolitical contexts and facilitate locally-driven, multi-sectoral collaborations to promote health. Despite major contextual challenges (e.g., national legislation, global pandemic, war), coalitions were resilient, nimble and remained active. Additionally, CCAT propositions appear to be generalizable, suggesting that coalition-building guidance may be relevant for local public health in at least some global contexts.
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Correa, Leonard Nevin V., und Luisito C. Abueg. „The Philippines’ Balik Probinsya, Bagong Pag-asa Initiative and the Real Estate Development Sector during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Some Policy Morals“. International Journal of Real Estate Studies 14, S2 (10.12.2020): 157–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.11113/intrest.v14ns2.76.
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The Philippine government attempts to mitigate economic setbacks of the COVID-19 pandemic, as the country has been included in the top 20 countries with highest infections worldwide and the highest in Southeast Asia, already at 300,000 level. The lockdown of 198 days as of 1 October 2020 contributed to the continued dismal performance of the Philippine economy, which is now officially in recession at -16.5% preliminary growth rate reported in the second quarter of 2020, worse than the recession during the Asian Financial Crisis. Given these adverse effects to the economy, this paper studies the role of the real estate development sector to serve as a catalyst in providing new sources of value-added to the macroeconomy under the “new normal”. Using the lens of institutional economics with tenets of economic history, this paper attempts to investigate the feasibility of reviving an old program of the Philippines to decongest city centers, particularly the National Capital Region. Under the initiative “Balik Probinsya, Bagong Pag-asa” (translation: “Return to the Provinces, with New Hope”; shorthand, BP2), the national government primarily aims to decongest the region to aid in distancing protocols warranted by the COVID-19 pandemic. While it is important for a multi-sectoral approach to this initiative, economic opportunities aligned with health protocols must be placed so as not to defeat the program objectives. We suggest ways of effective collaboration and cooperation between various real estate industry stakeholders to ensure success and sustain development through this re-lived initiative. We also cite particular cases of township models that have been implemented and are continuously developed that will emulate the multi-sectoral approach to this program. A policy framework for the real estate development sector of the Philippines is provided to highlight the importance of its role and potential contributions to this initiative.
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Essien, Ekere James, und Osaro Mgbere. „Long-acting Antiretroviral Agents in the Prevention and Treatment of HIV/AIDS: A Review of Recent Advances in Sub-Saharan Africa“. International Journal of Maternal and Child Health and AIDS 14 (24.01.2025): e003. https://doi.org/10.25259/ijma_50_2024.
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Long-acting antiretroviral (LAARV) agents have the potential to enhance treatment and prevention by eliminating the need for daily oral medications and increasing available options. This paper reviewed recent evidence on LAARVs and explores the opportunities and challenges of implementing these innovative prevention and treatment strategies in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Several clinical trials and studies on the effectiveness, drug-drug interactions, and resistance of LAARVs in key populations in SSA are ongoing or recently completed. While the effectiveness, efficacy, and cost-effectiveness of LAARVs compared to existing oral therapies have been established, these products are not yet widely used in SSA. Significant logistical challenges in integrating LAARVs into clinic workflows under the poor health systems that are common in SSA necessitate a multi-sectoral, patient-centered approach, including the use of non-traditional healthcare delivery models.
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Joshi, Dipesh, und Ananta Ram Bhandari. „Shifting Paradigms in Wetland Governance: Shaping and Reshaping Conservation“. Journal of Forest and Livelihood 14, Nr. 1 (31.08.2016): 67–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jfl.v14i1.23163.
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The Ramsar Convention came into force in Nepal in 1988 and it was an expression of the country’s commitment to wetland conservation. Despite this, wetlands continue to degrade rapidly across Nepal. This paper examines the cross-cutting issue of wetland governance in Nepal with a case of a Ramsar site, sheds light on the recent developments and identifies its implications for the future. Wetland conservation has remained centralized in the past, with power vested in the state to manage through ministries and district offices. The irony is that numerous sectoral agencies claimed authority over its governance but failed to deliver its effective management. The paper suggests that wetland governance models will need to improve their design in order to espouse participation of non-state actors and to enhance synergies at all levels (local-district-national). Since there are no blueprint models or panacea for a multi-faceted resource such as wetlands, a critical balance should be maintained between efficiency of the design while ensuring adequate and meaningful space for engagement of non-state actors.
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Wu, Yong, und Yuhanis Yusof. „Emerging Trends in Real-time Recommendation Systems: A Deep Dive into Multi-behavior Streaming Processing and Recommendation for E-commerce Platforms“. Journal of Internet Services and Information Security 14, Nr. 4 (30.11.2024): 45–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.58346/jisis.2024.i4.003.
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This paper aims to assess the effectiveness of recommendation systems, focusing on multi-behavior streaming processing to enhance accuracy. It studies recommendation system performance using AI and data science, focusing on user behaviour, algorithm refinement, and satisfaction. E-commerce, streaming, and social media datasets with 93 anonymous participants were employed in experiments. These files from 93 anonymized users show typical internet use. Data anonymization and strict data management ensured anonymity. These databases track clicks, views, purchases, and ratings for empirical research and model evaluation. Collaborative filtering, matrix factorization, and TensorFlow/Keras train and assess application-specific recommendation models. Multi-behavior streaming processing and recommendation accounts assess each method's pros and downsides, system correctness, efficacy, and user involvement. The outcome compares domain-wide recommendation system precision, recall, NDCG, and conversion rate. Multi-behavior streaming processing adapts to user preferences and interactions to improve model accuracy and adaptability. Multi-behavior streaming processing improved model accuracy and flexibility by reacting to user inputs and choices. With error margins for all significant metrics, statistical significance was confirmed. The findings suggest that recommendation systems with real-time adaptation and multi-behavior streaming processing can improve user satisfaction and engagement in the changing digital landscape. It encourages algorithm advancement, model interpretation, user-centric evaluation, and ethics to improve information retrieval and personalisation. The study concluded that algorithm refinement, transparent model interpretation, user-centric evaluation, and ethical problems including data protection and bias mitigation increase information retrieval and personalisation. For durable and flexible recommendation systems, research should improve multi-behavior processing and sectoral applications.
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Dhondt, Nienke, Francisco Mendez Alva und Greet Van Eetvelde. „Introducing Industrial Clusters in Multi-Node Energy System Modelling by the Application of the Industry–Infrastructure Quadrant“. Sustainability 16, Nr. 6 (21.03.2024): 2585. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su16062585.
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To reach climate neutrality and circularity targets, industry requires infrastructure guaranteeing available, accessible, affordable, and sustainable supply of renewable energy and resources. The layout and operation of the required grids are a key topic in energy system modelling, a research field under constant development to tackle energy transition challenges. Although industry is a core player, its transformation and related policy initiatives are not yet fully reflected, resulting in a research gap. The industrial cluster concept, stimulating local cross-sectoral co-operation, circularity, and optimisation, offers untapped potential to improve the spatial representation of industry in energy system models and paves the way for cluster transition research. This paper introduces the Industry–Infrastructure Quadrant to visualise the relationship between industry and infrastructure presence by means of five distinct area categories. A complementary methodology integrates industrial clusters for multi-node selection in energy system models, solely relying on open-source data and cluster algorithms (DBSCAN). A case study applied to Belgium results in ten nodes to represent the territory, accurately reflecting crucial infrastructure elements and future needs whilst improving industry representation in terms of space and composition. The work serves as a first step towards a deeper understanding of the prominence of industrial clusters in sustainable energy systems.
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Telteu, Camelia-Eliza, Hannes Müller Schmied, Wim Thiery, Guoyong Leng, Peter Burek, Xingcai Liu, Julien Eric Stanislas Boulange et al. „Understanding each other's models: an introduction and a standard representation of 16 global water models to support intercomparison, improvement, and communication“. Geoscientific Model Development 14, Nr. 6 (24.06.2021): 3843–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-3843-2021.
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Abstract. Global water models (GWMs) simulate the terrestrial water cycle on the global scale and are used to assess the impacts of climate change on freshwater systems. GWMs are developed within different modelling frameworks and consider different underlying hydrological processes, leading to varied model structures. Furthermore, the equations used to describe various processes take different forms and are generally accessible only from within the individual model codes. These factors have hindered a holistic and detailed understanding of how different models operate, yet such an understanding is crucial for explaining the results of model evaluation studies, understanding inter-model differences in their simulations, and identifying areas for future model development. This study provides a comprehensive overview of how 16 state-of-the-art GWMs are designed. We analyse water storage compartments, water flows, and human water use sectors included in models that provide simulations for the Inter-Sectoral Impact Model Intercomparison Project phase 2b (ISIMIP2b). We develop a standard writing style for the model equations to enhance model intercomparison, improvement, and communication. In this study, WaterGAP2 used the highest number of water storage compartments, 11, and CWatM used 10 compartments. Six models used six compartments, while four models (DBH, JULES-W1, Mac-PDM.20, and VIC) used the lowest number, three compartments. WaterGAP2 simulates five human water use sectors, while four models (CLM4.5, CLM5.0, LPJmL, and MPI-HM) simulate only water for the irrigation sector. We conclude that, even though hydrological processes are often based on similar equations for various processes, in the end these equations have been adjusted or models have used different values for specific parameters or specific variables. The similarities and differences found among the models analysed in this study are expected to enable us to reduce the uncertainty in multi-model ensembles, improve existing hydrological processes, and integrate new processes.