Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema „Multi-axial stress“

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1

Ha, Je Chang, Joon Hyun Lee, Masaaki Tabuchi und A. Toshimitsu Yokobori Jr. „Estimation of Creep Crack Growth Properties Using Circumferential Notched Round Bar Specimen for 12CrWCoB Rotor Steel“. Key Engineering Materials 297-300 (November 2005): 397–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.297-300.397.

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Most heat resisting materials in structural components are used under multi-axial stress conditions and under such conditions ductile materials often exhibit brittle manner and low creep ductility at elevated temperature. Creep crack initiation and growth properties are also affected by multi-axial stress and it is important to evaluate these effects when laboratory data are applied to structural components. Creep crack growth tests using circumferential notched round bar specimens are a simple method to investigate multi-axial stress effects without using complicated test facilities. Creep crack growth tests have been performed using a 12CrWCoB turbine rotor steel. In order to investigate the effects of multi-axial stress on creep crack growth properties, the tests were conducted for various notch depths at 650°C. The circumferential notched round bar specimen showed brittle crack growth behaviour under multi-axial stress conditions. Creep crack growth rate was characterized in terms of the C* parameter. A 12CrWCoB turbine rotor steel has been tested using circumferential notched round bar specimens with different multi-axiality. Circumferential notched round bar specimens show increased brittle creep crack growth behaviour due to the multi-axial stress condition. Creep crack growth properties could be predicted by allowing for the decrease of creep ductility under multi-axial conditions.
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2

Yao, Jia Wei, Shi Yong Sun und Hao Ran Chen. „Nonlinear Constitutive Model Research on Concrete (Uni-Axial or Multi-Axial)“. Advanced Materials Research 261-263 (Mai 2011): 238–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.261-263.238.

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Combined with Jones-Nelson-Morgan model applied to ceramics and graphite successfully, the nonlinear constitutive model of concrete is obtained through large number of tests in this paper. The model takes concrete as nonlinear elastic isotropic material. By using strain energy function, it makes the nonlinear mechanics behavior of concrete as the function of strain energy. According to the mechanics behavior of concrete, a simple model is obtained by increasing stress to realize the model calculation program. The model can be extended to the constitutive model analysis of concrete under biaxial stress. The theoretical model conforms to testing results well.
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3

Zhang, Jian Bing, und Xiang Hong Lv. „Fatigue Analysis of the Drill String According to Multiaxial Stress“. Advanced Materials Research 418-420 (Dezember 2011): 993–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.418-420.993.

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To find out the cause for fatigue failure of a drill string used in oil field drilling, and considering the actual working conditions, axial, radial and circumferential cyclic stresses borne by the drill string in borehole of oil and gas well, fatigue strength of drill string is analyzed based on multi-axial fatigue assessment method. Then the formula to calculate the mean stress of multi-axial load of the drill string is obtained, and the formula serves as a method to calculate multi-axial fatigue life of the drill string, which has been verified through field data. It is realized that multi-axial stress has significant influence on drill string fatigue. When on drill string fatigue, Soderberg equation shall be employed to calculate the stress amplitude of drill string fatigue.
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4

HONDA, Kazuo, Takaaki SARAI und Yukihiro HARA. „Microscopic residual stress in metals deformed plastically under multi-axial stress.“ Transactions of the Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers Series A 54, Nr. 500 (1988): 621–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/kikaia.54.621.

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5

Shimomura, Taku, und Akira Shimamoto. „Influence of Anisotropic Materials on Stress Intensity Factor under Biaxial Stress Conditions“. Key Engineering Materials 321-323 (Oktober 2006): 1389–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.321-323.1389.

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Polymer materials are used in the structural members such as aircraft, ship, automobiles in order to enlarge and lighten the machinery and structures. In such the machinery and structures, the complex destruction phenomena are generating by the deterioration of use conditions of the polymer materials. And the materials are placed under biaxial or multi-axial stress conditions rather than uni-axial stress conditions due to their complicated structures. To understand the basic deformation behaviours and the features in destruction process under multi-axial stress conditions is more important in the reliability and the accident prevention plan. To help overcome this problem, the authors have developed a hydraulic high-speed biaxial loading test device. In this study, we had comparative study for the values of the dimensionless stress intensity factors, F values by the photoelastic and caustics methods to clarify deformation behaviours and characteristics of polymer materials under biaxial stress conditions.
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6

Kostiha, Vojtech, Frantisek Girgle, Ondřej Janus, Ivana Švaříčková und Petr Štěpánek. „GFRP Reinforcement Behaviour under Multi-Axial Stress - Experimental Study“. Solid State Phenomena 309 (August 2020): 80–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.309.80.

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This paper is focused on the design of concrete structures reinforced with modern composite material – Fibre Reinforced Polymer (FRP) reinforcement. It presents actual results from the testing of FRP rods under a simultaneous tensile and shear loading. The results were experimentally obtained on specimens of Glass Fibre Reinforced Polymer (GFRP) reinforcement. The text also points out that the widely used fib Bulletin no. 40 technical report does not provide sufficiently reliable formulas and may overestimate the load-bearing capacity of the element. Therefore, the conclusions formulated are primarily concerned with their practical use in the design of this modern material.
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7

Sankar, B. V. „Stress analysis of brittle spheres under multi-axial loading“. Metal Powder Report 53, Nr. 7-8 (Juli 1998): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0026-0657(98)85104-7.

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8

Zeng, Feitao, Brian L. Folta und Joseph F. Labuz. „Strength Testing of Sandstone Under Multi-Axial Stress States“. Geotechnical and Geological Engineering 37, Nr. 6 (08.05.2019): 4803–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10706-019-00939-5.

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9

Liu, Guo Jun, und Zhao Lan Wei. „Research on Failure Criterion of Concrete under Multi-Axial Stress“. Applied Mechanics and Materials 423-426 (September 2013): 1059–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.423-426.1059.

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In the actual structure, the concrete materials are mainly in multi-axial stress state. Because of the rapid development of concrete structures and the continuous improvement of structural engineering analysis theory, engineers have put forward higher requirements for concrete performance under multi-axial stress research. Based on stress space, this paper studies strength failure criterion of concrete, analyzed its limitations, and proposed concrete strength failure criterion research directions. It plays a strong practical role in scientific research.
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10

Whiteman, Wayne E., und Morris S. Berman. „Fatigue Failure Results for Multi-Axial versus Uniaxial Stress Screen Vibration Testing“. Shock and Vibration 9, Nr. 6 (2002): 319–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2002/109715.

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To date, the failure potential and prediction between simultaneous multi-axial versus sequentially applied uniaxial vibration stress screen testing has been the subject of great debate. In most applications, current vibration tests are done by sequentially applying uniaxial excitation to the test specimen along three orthogonal axes. The most common standards for testing military equipment are published in MIL-STD-810F and NAVMAT P-9492. Previous research had shown that uniaxial testing may be unrealistic and inadequate. This current research effort is a continuing effort to systematically investigate the differences between fatigue damage mechanisms and the effects of uniaxial versus tri-axial testing. This includes assessing the ability of the tri-axial method in predicting the formation of damage mechanisms, specifically looking at the effects of stress or fatigue failure. Multi-axial testing achieves the synergistic effect of exciting all modes simultaneously and induces a more realistic vibration stress loading condition. As such, it better approximates real-world operating conditions. This paper provides the latest results on the differences between multi-axial and uniaxial testing of a simple notched cantilever beam.
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11

Jasim, Haider. „Evaluation the Effect of Residual Stress on Fracture of Polyethylene Pipe under Pressure Loading“. Basrah journal for engineering science 16, Nr. 2 (01.06.2016): 71–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.33971/bjes.16.2.7.

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In this paper, the Weibull uni-axial and multi-axialthe distribution function for polyethylene pipes under pressure loadingwere developed and analyzed taking account of residual stress.The tensile test was achieved to determine mechanical properties andthe Weibull parameters. An experimental method using the hole drilling strain-gage method was used to measure the residualstresses in PE pipe and compare with that obtained fromnumerical finite element method (FEM). The obtained resultsshow that there is a convergence between uni-axial and multi-axialdistribution function, but multi-axial distribution function givelarge values compared to the uni-axial distribution function. It wasobserved that the residual stresses have influence on failureassessment diagram and cause translation from elastic-plasticfailure to brittle failure.
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12

Frydrych, Iwona, Nannan Tao, Si Chen, Liping Wang und Wei Wu. „Tensile-tensile Fatigue Behavior of Multi-axial Warp-knitted Reinforced Composite“. Fibres and Textiles in Eastern Europe 26, Nr. 1(127) (28.02.2018): 73–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0010.7800.

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An experimental study was carried out on the fatigue behaviour of multi-axial warp-knitted fabric composites. Composite samples reinforced with multi-axial warp-knitted fabric/matrix were manufactured by the vacuum-assisted resin transfer moulding method. Tensile-tensile fatigue cycling was carried out at different load levels, and S-N curves, tensile stress-strain curve and stiffness degradation of the multi-axial composite samples were obtained. Finally post-fatigue tensile tests were done at a stress level of 75%, at the stages of 1/3N and 2/3N, and the equivalent residual strength and stiffness degradation were obtained.
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13

Shi, Xin Hong, Jian Yu Zhang, Rui Bao und Bin Jun Fei. „The Effect of Stress Amplitude on Multi-Axial High-Cycle Fatigue Failure under Constant Amplitude Loading“. Key Engineering Materials 417-418 (Oktober 2009): 877–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.417-418.877.

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Studies about the effect of stress characteristics on multi-axial high-cycle fatigue of metals are still insufficient. Up to now, little work about the effect of different ratio of stress amplitude has been done on multi-axial fatigue under the same equivalent stress. In this paper, the effect of ratio of stress amplitude, under the same Von-Mises equivalent stress is studied from theory and experiment. The results show that the main factor of multi-axial high-cycle fatigue failure is the maximum principal stress. For proportional loading, fatigue life raises when ratio of stress amplitude increase. The variety of fatigue life is not obvious when is larger than a certain value and its value closes to that of pure torsion. For non-proportional loading, when ratio of stress amplitude increases, fatigue life raise at first, then has an inflection point. The value of at the inflection point changes with phase difference and its value is 0.5 while phase angle is 90º. Fatigue life of uniaxial tension was lower than that of pure torsion.
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14

Gandiolle, Camille, und Siegfried Fouvry. „Fatigue Stress Ratio Effect on Fretting-Fatigue Crack Nucleation: Comparison between Multi-Axial and Uni-Axial Predictions“. Advanced Materials Research 891-892 (März 2014): 903–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.891-892.903.

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This research focuses on high cycle fretting fatigue crack nucleation prediction. A plastic steel/steel cylinder/plane contact was investigated keeping constant the normal force and the maximum fatigue stress ratio but varying the fatigue stress ratio (RF=0.6 to 1). The evolution of the crack length as function of the applied fretting tangential force amplitude at 106 cycles allows us to formalize the crack nucleation condition. It shows that the threshold tangential force marking the crack nucleation (i.e. bp_th=0μm) is not affected by the fatigue stress ratio. However an increase of the fatigue stress amplitude sharply increases the crack extension. To model the experiments, a 2D plastic plain strain FEM modeling is performed. As expected the computed stress field description is mesh dependent. However we demonstrate that a representative stress description is obtained at the 3rd node (i.e. 2nd node below the surface). By coupling this mesh condition and non-local critical distance approach, reliable prediction of the crack nucleation risk can be achieved either considering a Crossland multi-axial fatigue analysis or using a basic uni-axial Haighs description.
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15

Teng, Fei, Jicai Liang, Shaoqiang Wang und Qigang Han. „Effect of Axial Normal Stress and Bending Moment between Contact and Non-Contact Zone on Forming Accuracy for Flexible Stretch Bending Formation“. Metals 12, Nr. 7 (08.07.2022): 1168. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met12071168.

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Flexible 3D stretch bending (FSB) is a technology that uses multi-point molds instead of traditional integral molds to bend and deform profiles. Since the position of a multi-point mold can be adjusted in the horizontal and vertical directions, a set of molds can be used to form profile products with different contour structures. Due to the contact area and non-contact area between the multi-point mold and the surface of the profile, the forming accuracy of different areas is different. Thus, the axial normal stress and bending moment of the contact zone and non-contact zone between the profile and roller dies are studied in this article. By simulating the change in axial normal stress at the same position in the middle of a web along the axial direction, it is found that the axial normal stress shows little difference in the contact zone and non-contact zone. The value of axial normal stress in the non-contact zone is relatively stable, and there is a small increase on the side near the clamp. By simulating the axial normal stress of different cross-sections in the middle areas of three groups of webs, it is found that there is a linear relationship between the axial normal stress and the distance from inner curved surface. The bending moment of the profile in the contact zone is obviously greater than that in the non-contact zone, and the bending moment gradually decreases to near zero from the contact zone to the non-contact zone. The bending deformation of the profile in the contact zone is obviously greater than that in the non-contact zone, which results in the deviation between simulated bending displacement and theoretical bending displacement in the contact zone and non-contact zone.
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16

Yoshida, Tetsuya, Takayuki Oishi, Michihiro Takiguchi und Fusahito Yoshida. „Viscoplastic Behavior of Acrylic Adhesive in Butt-Joint at Various Temperatures under Complex Loading : Experimentation and Modelling“. Key Engineering Materials 340-341 (Juni 2007): 1485–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.340-341.1485.

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The effects of temperature and strain rate on flow stress of a highly ductile acrylic adhesive were investigated by performing tensile lap shear experiments on an adhesively bonded single-lap joint, as well as torsion experiments on a tubular butt-joint at temperatures ranging from 10 to 40oC at various shear strain rates. The flow stress decreases considerably with decreasing strain rate and with temperature rise. The stress-strain responses under multi-axial stress conditions were also examined by performing combined tension-torsion experiments on the butt-joint. A constitutive model of temperature-dependent elasto-viscoplasticity that describes multi-axial stress-strain behavior of the adhesive is presented.
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17

Bharadwaj, Madhu, Prajwal Rao und Sowmianarayanan Srinivasan. „Implementation of Multi-Axial Fatigue Theory in FE Packages“. Key Engineering Materials 719 (November 2016): 46–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.719.46.

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Many mechanical or structural components are subjected to multi-axial, irregular cyclic loading during service. The direction and amplitude of principal stress and strain vary over a period of time results in non-proportional cyclic loading on the component. At geometrical discontinuities, even a monotonic load will result in multi-axial state of stress. In general, the life of the components subjected to multi-axial stress loadings, are evaluated using classical yield theories. The Tresca and von Mises criterions along with Basquin-Coffin and Manson life curve are widely used in commercially available Finite Element Analysis (FEA) tools. These classical methods are conservative and may not yield good experimental correlation at all the loading conditions and this augments the need for robust life estimation methodology.There are many commercially available FEA tools to estimate the multi-axial fatigue life viz. nCODE® which uses Wang-Brown method [1]. However, it has been found that for shear dominated fatigue material Fatemi-Socie criteria is more suitable. So an attempt is made to develop a an algorithm to implement Fatemi-Socie criteria in a commercially available generic FEA software in a cost effective way. This paper discusses how to estimate the life of a sample specimen subjected to multi-axial and non-proportional loading conditions. The classical yield criteria based on von-Mises stress with Basquin-Coffin and Manson equation and critical plane method viz, Fatemi-Socie criteria are implemented in to commercial FEA tool, ANSYS. This paper also attempt to see how these theories compare with experimental data. Results of this study would help in leveraging the established process of implementing custom based life estimation method in ANSYS for the estimation of the life of the mechanical components.
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18

MATSUNAKA, Daisuke, und Yoji SHIBUTANI. „Deformation Behavior of Magnesium Alloys under Multi-axial Stress States“. Proceedings of the Materials and Mechanics Conference 2017 (2017): OS0711. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmemm.2017.os0711.

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19

SATO, Sennosuke, Hideo AWAJI, Kiyohiro KAWAMATA, Akira KURUMADA und Tatsuo OKU. „Fracture criteria of reactor graphite under multi-axial stress state.“ Journal of the Atomic Energy Society of Japan / Atomic Energy Society of Japan 28, Nr. 12 (1986): 1172–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.3327/jaesj.28.1172.

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20

WAKAYAMA, Shuichi. „Prediction of Fracture Strength of Ceramics under Multi-Axial Stress“. Proceedings of the Materials and processing conference 2019.27 (2019): 417. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmemp.2019.27.417.

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21

Tzou, Gow-Yi, Shih-Hsien Lin, Dyi-Cheng Chen und Un-Chin Chai. „Die stress analysis and improvement of the welding valve fastener in multi-stage forging“. Transactions of the Canadian Society for Mechanical Engineering 44, Nr. 2 (01.06.2020): 263–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/tcsme-2019-0087.

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This study explores the multi-stage cold forming die of a welding valve fastener using simulation software. It is possible to understand the various stress intensities of the die core bore and the corresponding distributions during each forging stage so as to improve the service life of the die. These stresses include radial stress, axial stress, hoop stress, and maximum principal stress, as well as the different types of stresses that could cause different fractures of the die core. Therefore, it is necessary to use different die design methods to improve the fracture issues for different die cores. For example, shrink fit can be used between the die core and die case. By adjusting the size of the shrink fit, tensile hoop stress can be converted into compressive hoop stress, which can avoid the generation of axial cracking of the die during the forging formation. In addition, drastic changes in axial stress caused by the stress concentration on the die core can yield a transverse crack of the die core. Thus adopting preventative measures by split such a stress concentration into two sections reduces the drastic changes in axial stress on that section.
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22

Li, Xiaozhao, Xiaolei Qu, Chengzhi Qi und Zhushan Shao. „An analytical model of multi-stress drops triggered by localized microcrack damage in brittle rocks during progressive failure“. International Journal of Damage Mechanics 29, Nr. 9 (13.05.2020): 1345–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1056789520924740.

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Stress drops in stress–strain constitutive curves of intact brittle rocks under high confining pressure have great significance for evaluating the earthquake mechanism and the safety of deep underground engineering. Microcrack growth in intact rock strongly influences the stress drops. However, the theoretical model of microcrack growth-dependent multi-stress drops rarely is proposed in stress–strain curves of intact rocks. In this study, a constitutive model depending on the damage variable relating to microcrack growth and strain increment is proposed to explain the multi-stress drops in stress–strain curves including strain hardening and softening phases of intact rocks. This model is formulated by combining the wing crack growth model, the suggested relationship between axial strain and wing crack growth, and the stepping function of damage relating to axial strain. This stepping function of damage relating to axial strain approximately is used to simulate the developing process of the small individual shear bands caused by the local microcrack accumulation and coalescence. The effects of parameters in the suggested stepping function of damage on the stress–strain curves containing stress drops are discussed. The theoretical model qualitatively explains the experimental phenomena of multi-stress drops in the stress–strain curves, which provides an important implication for evaluating the earthquake mechanism and the safety of deep underground engineering.
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23

Kossakowski, P. G. „Effect of Initial Porosity on Material Response Under Multi-Axial Stress State for S235JR Steel“. Archives of Civil Engineering 58, Nr. 4 (01.12.2012): 445–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v.10169-012-0024-x.

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AbstractThe effect of the initial porosity on the material response under multi-axial stress state for S235JR steel using the Gurson-Tvergaard-Needleman (GTN) material model was examined. Three levels of initial porosity, defined by the void volume fraction f0, were considered: zero porosity for fully dense material without pores, average and maximum porosity according to the metallurgical requirements for S235JR steel. The effect of the initial porosity on the material response was noticed for tensile elements under multi-axial stress state defined by high stress triaxiality σm/σe = 1.345. This effect was especially noticeable at the range of the material failure. In terms of the load-bearing capacity of the elements, the conservative results were obtained when maximum value of f0 = 0.0024 was used for S235JR steel under multi-axial stress state, and this value is recommended to use in the calculations in order to preserve the highest safety level of the structure. In usual engineering calculations, the average porosity defined by f0 = 0.001 may be applied for S235JR.
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24

Shimamoto, Akira, Do Yeon Hwang und Tetsuya Nemoto. „Development of Biaxial Servo Controlled Fatigue Testing System“. Key Engineering Materials 321-323 (Oktober 2006): 57–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.321-323.57.

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Destructive accident sometimes takes place though the equivalent stress is rather low in the viewpoint of strength of materials. The propagation of fatigue cracks under multi-axial stress state and cycling load gives the reason. Fatigue fracture has been considered as one of the most commonly encountered industrial problems that lead to the damage of components in engineering products. In general, the machine structure is always under stress concentration or stress cycles. Moreover, the structure material is usually under two axes or multi-axial stresses instead of uniaxial stress state. It is important, therefore, to clarify the propagation behavior and the fatigue failure problem of the crack under the multi-axial stresses and cycling load from the safety reliability and accident prevention measure. In this study, a biaxial fatigue experimental device was developed which can carry out a wide range of fatigue tests under biaxial stresses. The developed experimental device was identified with a biaxial fatigue experiments including static uniaxial and biaxial tensile test by using the aluminum alloy flat plate as specimens. The propagation behavior of fatigue crack for center notched cruciform specimen in the equal biaxial fatigue test was verified.
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25

Luo, Peng, Weixing Yao, Yingyu Wang und Piao Li. „A survey on fatigue life analysis approaches for metallic notched components under multi-axial loading“. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part G: Journal of Aerospace Engineering 233, Nr. 10 (31.10.2018): 3870–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954410018809838.

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In this paper, several fatigue failure approaches of metallic notched components under multi-axial loading in recent decades are reviewed in detail. They are classified into three categories according to their different fatigue physical mechanisms and hypotheses: nominal stress approach, local stress–strain approach and the theory of critical distance. The accuracy, applicable range and computing complexity of these three different fatigue failure theories of metallic notched specimen under multi-axial fatigue loading are given. It is concluded that theory of critical distance accords with experimental results under multi-axial fatigue loading and it gives unambiguous explanation for physical mechanism of fatigue damage. However, the computing process is complex, especially under non-proportional fatigue loading, and the key parameter of theory of critical distance is difficult to calculate especially in engineering. These difficulties limit the application of theory of critical distance.
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26

Rosemeier, M., D. Melcher, A. Krimmer, W. Wroblewski und A. Antoniou. „Validation of crack initiation model by means of cyclic full-scale blade test“. Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2265, Nr. 3 (01.05.2022): 032045. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2265/3/032045.

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Abstract Wind turbine rotor blades are subject to highly dynamic loads and designed for life cycles of at least 20 years, which means that materials are subjected to high-cycle fatigue. Fatigue is a design-driving loading for current and future blades. Bond lines of blades are exposed to a multi-axial stress-state due to the anisotropic thin-walled blade structure and curved, tapered, twisted, and airfoil-shaped blade geometry. To eliminate undesirable failure modes and thus increase the reliability of wind turbine rotor blades, standards and guidelines recommend that the multi-axial stress-states be taken into consideration for the limit state analysis. In addition, thermal residual stresses that develop during manufacture can have a significant impact on the fatigue life of the bond line. By means of a cyclic full-scale blade test of a commercial 81.6m long offshore blade, we validate a crack initiation model, which takes into account multi-axial thermal and mechanical stress-states, as well as the probabilistic stress-life, to predict the edge of crack initiation in the adhesive as well as the span-wise position. Both observations agreed well with the simulations. All residual normal stress components and cross-sectional plane shear stress made up the major part of the mean equivalent stress, while the mechanical stress amplitude components - longitudinal, peel, and cross-sectional plane shear stress - made up the major part of the equivalent stress amplitude.
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27

Dabagh, Mahsa, Payman Jalali, Peter J. Butler, Amanda Randles und John M. Tarbell. „Mechanotransmission in endothelial cells subjected to oscillatory and multi-directional shear flow“. Journal of The Royal Society Interface 14, Nr. 130 (Mai 2017): 20170185. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2017.0185.

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Local haemodynamics are linked to the non-uniform distribution of atherosclerosic lesions in arteries. Low and oscillatory (reversing in the axial flow direction) wall shear stress (WSS) induce inflammatory responses in endothelial cells (ECs) mediating disease localization. The objective of this study is to investigate computationally how the flow direction (reflected in WSS variation on the EC surface over time) influences the forces experienced by structural components of ECs that are believed to play important roles in mechanotransduction. A three-dimensional, multi-scale, multi-component, viscoelastic model of focally adhered ECs is developed, in which oscillatory WSS (reversing or non-reversing) parallel to the principal flow direction, or multi-directional oscillatory WSS with reversing axial and transverse components are applied over the EC surface. The computational model includes the glycocalyx layer, actin cortical layer, nucleus, cytoskeleton, focal adhesions (FAs), stress fibres and adherens junctions (ADJs). We show the distinct effects of atherogenic flow profiles (reversing unidirectional flow and reversing multi-directional flow) on subcellular structures relative to non-atherogenic flow (non-reversing flow). Reversing flow lowers stresses and strains due to viscoelastic effects, and multi-directional flow alters stress on the ADJs perpendicular to the axial flow direction. The simulations predict forces on integrins, ADJ filaments and other substructures in the range that activate mechanotransduction.
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Han, Shou Hong, Zhen Hua Lu und Yong Jin Liu. „Study on Multi-Axial Mechanical Properties of a Polyurethane Foam and Experimental Verification“. Advanced Materials Research 311-313 (August 2011): 301–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.311-313.301.

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In order to investigate the multi-axial mechanical properties of a kind of PU (polyurethane) foam, some experiments in different loading conditions including uni-axial tension, uni-axial compression, hydrostatic compression and three-point bending were conducted. It is shown that the hydrostatic component influences yield behavior of PU foam, the yield strength and degree of strain hardening in hydrostatic compression exceed those for uni-axial compression. In terms of the differential hardening constitutive model, the evolution of PU foam yield surface and plastic hardening laws were fitted from experimental data. A finite element method was applied to analyze the quasi-static responses of the PU foam sandwich beam subjected to three-point bending, and good agreement was observed between experimental load-displacement responses and computational predictions, which validated the multi-axial loading methods and stress-strain constitutive model parameters. Moreover, effects of two foam models applied to uni-axial loading and multi-axial loading conditions were analyzed and compared with three-point bending tests and simulations. It is found that the multi-axial constitutive model can bring more accurate prediction whose parameters are obtained from the tests above mentioned.
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29

Oh, Sang Yeob, Hyung Seop Shin und Chang Min Suh. „Evaluation of Biaxial Bending Strength in Damaged Soda-Lime Glass“. International Journal of Modern Physics B 17, Nr. 08n09 (10.04.2003): 1329–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979203018958.

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In applications of brittle materials such as soda-lime glass and ceramics, they are usually subjected to a multi-axial stress state. Brittle materials with cracks or damage caused by foreign impacts are apt to fracture abruptly from cracks because of their low fracture toughness. Depending upon the crack pattern developed, the strength using a multi-axial stress state might be different from the one using a uniaxial stress. As a result, when a small size crack was introduced by Vicker's indentation, the residual strength using a biaxial stress state obtained by the ball-on-ring test was greater than that using a uniaxial stress by the 4-point bending test. In the case of the specimens cracked by a spherical impact, there was overall decrease in the bending strength with increasing an impact velocity.
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30

Zhou, Yan Fen, Stephen Jerrams, Lin Chen und Mark Johnson. „The Determination of Multi-Axial Fatigue in Magnetorheological Elastomers Using Bubble Inflation“. Advanced Materials Research 875-877 (Februar 2014): 507–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.875-877.507.

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Fatigue life is one of the most important physical characteristic that is investigated by materials engineers and scientists. The high dynamic loading experienced by machine parts necessitates understanding fatigue properties in critical components. Despite this requirement, elastomer fatigue criteria are imperfectly understood and even less is known about fatigue resistance in the emerging range of smart elastomers. In this paper, initial research into the equi-biaxial fatigue behaviour of magnetorheological elastomers (MREs) is described. Physical testing was carried out using a bubble inflation testing system. Silicone rubber based test samples were fatigued at different stress amplitudes ranging between 0.75MPa and 1.4MPa using engineering stress as the control mode. S-N (Wöhler) curves showing the plots of stress amplitude (σa) versus cycles to failure (N) are presented. Stress-strain behaviour throughout fatigue process is also described. For a fatigue test at a stress amplitude of 0.75MPa and no pre-stressing, it was found that stress softening occurred for the entire duration of the test, but was particularly pronounced in the first 100 cycles of testing.
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31

OKAJIMA, TATSUO, SHINJI KAWABE, SAKICHI OHGISHI und TSUNEO IWASHITA. „THE THERMAL EXPANSION OF PLAIN CONCRETE UNDER CONSTANT MULTI-AXIAL STRESS“. Journal of Structural and Construction Engineering (Transactions of AIJ) 391 (1988): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.3130/aijsx.391.0_1.

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32

Chaney, RC, KR Demars, EJ Macari und LR Hoyos. „Mechanical Behavior of an Unsaturated Soil Under Multi-Axial Stress States“. Geotechnical Testing Journal 24, Nr. 1 (2001): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1520/gtj11278j.

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33

NOMURA, Kenichi, Koji MIMURA, Tsutomu UMEDA, Wei LU und Kodai ABE. „717 Constitutive equation for foam resin under multi-axial stress state“. Proceedings of Conference of Kansai Branch 2005.80 (2005): _7–33_—_7–34_. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmekansai.2005.80._7-33_.

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34

Daniel, Isaac M., Jyi-Jiin Luo, Patrick M. Schubel und Brian T. Werner. „Interfiber/interlaminar failure of composites under multi-axial states of stress“. Composites Science and Technology 69, Nr. 6 (Mai 2009): 764–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compscitech.2008.04.016.

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35

Cai, Xiaojing, und Jinquan Xu. „Effective Fatigue Stress and Criterion for High-Cycle Multi-axial Fatigue“. Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance 24, Nr. 1 (14.11.2014): 158–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11665-014-1309-9.

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36

YAMASHITA, Taiyu, und Tetsuro YANASEKO. „Fabrication of Metal Matrix Piezoelectric Composites for Multi-axial Stress Measurement“. Proceedings of Conference of Kanto Branch 2023.29 (2023): 17E03. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmekanto.2023.29.17e03.

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37

Luo, Peng, Ming Yu und Changlong Wen. „A strain energy density field method to predict the life of metallic notched components under multiaxial fatigue loading“. Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2686, Nr. 1 (01.01.2024): 012011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2686/1/012011.

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Abstract A method based on strain energy density field (SEDF) has been proposed to predict the angle of fatigue critical points and multi-axial life of the notched parts under multi-axial cyclic loading. The point bearing the maximum strain energy density was taken as the fatigue crack initiation point (fatigue critical point). The influence of stress-strain gradient around the notches were considered via combining SEDF and the critical distance theory (TCD) to calculate the multi-axial notch life. The predictive results indicate that the maximum deviation of the fatigue critical point (FCP) was 7.0°. The most of the predictive life was within the 3-time error band.
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38

Shi, Feng Jian, Si Zhen Ye, Lei Gang Wang und Sheng Lu. „Effect of Friction on Billet Deformation during Multi-Axial Compressions“. Advanced Materials Research 143-144 (Oktober 2010): 879–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.143-144.879.

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The effect of friction on compression load, effective strain, damage value and maximum principal stress were analyzed by rigid-plastic finite element method during multi-axial compressions (MAC). The results show that with the number of compressions, the maximum compression load increases gradually, the effective strain distributes ringwise and the maximum effective strain is in the center and the minimum at the surface. The damage is inclined to appear at the barreled shape perpendicular to the longitudinal axis. With the increase of friction coefficient, the maximum compression load, strain inhomogeneity, damage value and maximum principal stress increase under the condition of same number of compression. These results indicate that the friction is adverse during MAC. Appropriate measures should be adopted to decrease the effect of frictional force.
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39

DeWald, Adrian T., und Michael R. Hill. „Method for Mapping Multi-Axial Residual Stresses in Continuously-Processed Bodies“. Materials Science Forum 524-525 (September 2006): 543–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.524-525.543.

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This paper describes a method for extending the capability of the contour method to allow for the measurement of spatially varying multi-axial residual stresses in prismatic, continuously-processed bodies. Currently, the contour method is used to determine a 2D map of the residual stress normal to a plane. This work uses an approach similar to the contour method to quantify multiple components of eigenstrain in continuously-processed bodies, which are used to calculate residual stress. The result of the measurement is an estimate of the full residual stress tensor at every point in the body. The methodology is presented and the accuracy is assessed for a representative test case using a numerical experiment. Finally, a measurement is performed on a thick laser peened plate of 316L stainless steel to show that the approach is valid under real experimental conditions.
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40

Kashyzadeh, Kazem Reza. „Fatigue life estimation under multi-axial random loading in light poles“. Ciência e Natura 37 (21.12.2015): 183. http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/2179460x20845.

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In the present paper, fatigue life of light poles under multi-axial random loading based on the variable wind direction and speed has been studied. To achieve these purposes, light pole is simulated with all loading conditions in ABAQUS Software. To consider to the three storm days as the critical loading conditions, Random vibration analysis has been performed to obtain stress histories and equivalent stress. Finally, Calculate fatigue life of light pole by using Dirlik Theory.
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41

De Groot, R., M. C. R. B. Peters, Y. M. De Haan, G. J. Dop und A. J. M. Plasschaert. „Failure Stress Criteria for Composite Resin“. Journal of Dental Research 66, Nr. 12 (Dezember 1987): 1748–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00220345870660121001.

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In previous work (Peters and Poort, 1983), the stress distribution in axisymmetric models of restored teeth was analyzed by finite element analysis (FEA). To compare the tri-axial stress state at different sites, they calculated the Von Mises equivalent stress and used it as an indication for weak sites. However, the use of Von Mises' theory for material failure requires that the compressive and tensile strengths be equal, whereas for composite resin the compressive strength values are, on the average, eight times larger than the tensile strength values. The objective of this study was to investigate the applicability of a modified Von Mises and the Drücker-Prager criterion to describe mechanical failure of composite resin. In these criteria, the difference between compressive and tensile strength is accounted for. The stress criteria applied to an uni-axial tensile stress state are compared with those applied to a tri-axial tensile stress state. The uni-axial state is obtained in a Rectangular Bar (RB) specimen and the tri-axial state in a Single-edge Notched Bend (SENB) specimen with a chevron notch at midspan. Both types of specimens, made of light-cured composite, were fractured in a three-point bend test. The size of the specimens was limited to 16 mm x 2 mm x 2 mm (span, 12 mm). Load-deflection curves were recorded and used for linear elastic FEA. The results showed that the Drücker-Prager criterion is a more suitable criterion for describing failure of composite resins due to multi-axial stress states than are the Von Mises criterion and the modified Von Mises criterion.
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42

Guo, Nangkuo, Min Sun, Lan Cheng, Chenlong Jiang, Wenhao Chen und Lingxiao Jing. „Strength characteristic and failure criterion of flexible multi-axial warp-knitted fabrics coated with polyurethane on single side“. Journal of Industrial Textiles 49, Nr. 3 (18.06.2018): 318–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1528083718779448.

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Coated fabrics are widely used in tension structures. In order to investigate the tensile behaviors of the coated fabrics, one group of specimens was cut out from multi-axial warp-knitted polyester fabrics coated with polyurethane on one side. These failure strengths of polyurethane-coated multi-axial warp-knitted fabrics were obtained by the method of uniaxial tensile test and a failure stress criterion is presented for the kind of materials. The results show that the coated fabric is anisotropic material, and the coating has great influence on the mechanical properties of the material. Furthermore, the failure stress criterion can be used for references in material design and application.
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43

Bru¨ckner-Foit, A., A. Heger und D. Munz. „Assessment of Notches in Ceramic Components“. Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 117, Nr. 3 (01.07.1995): 413–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2814111.

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The failure probability of notched tensile bars is calculated using the multi-axial Weibull theory. The influence exerted by the stress concentration factor, the stress gradient in the notch root, and the Weibull exponent is analyzed.
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44

TORII, Tashiyuki, Yoshihiro ANDO und Takaaki SARAI. „114 Microscopic Residual Stress in Cold-Rolled Steel Sheets Deformed Plastically under Multi-Axial Stress“. Proceedings of Conference of Chugoku-Shikoku Branch 005.1 (2000): 27–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmecs.005.1.27.

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45

Fass, Markus, Klaus Störzel und Jörg Baumgartner. „Evaluation of fatigue strength criteria for thick-walled nodular cast iron components from EN-GJS-400 under multiaxial load“. MATEC Web of Conferences 300 (2019): 16001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201930016001.

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This paper discusses the quality of common methods for estimating the fatigue strength of EN-GJS-400-18-LT specimens under multiaxial stress. This is particularly important for the lightweight design of wind turbines. Experimental fatigue tests with axial, torsional and combined loads with a load ratio of R = -1 were performed. The results of these fatigue tests are used to validate commonly used multi-axial stress hypotheses. The investigated methods are the von Mises hypothesis, the Findley-criterion, the modified Gough-Pollard method and the critical plane nominal stress hypothesis.
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46

Zhou, Kai, Jingjing Zuo, Wenhua Wang und Shiliu Bao. „Stress Concentration Factors for Multi-planar Tubular Joints Subjected to Axial Loading“. E3S Web of Conferences 213 (2020): 03014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202021303014.

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The support structure for an offshore wind turbine is subjected to combined hydrodynamic loads and aerodynamic loads. The tubular joints are the weakest component leading to fatigue failure of the whole structure. Based on the multi-pile foundation structure which is used widely in China, the typical threeplanar tubular Y-joints is selected to study stress concentration factor (SCF). Then, the load types subjected to axial loadings of three-planar tubular Y-joints are determined. The finite element models of three-planar tubular Y-joints are established and used to calculate hot spot stresses. The stress concentration factors along the weld of the three-planar tubular Y-joints under the axial forces are obtained. The effects of geometrical parameters on SCFs are studied.
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47

SHIGEYAMA, Haruhisa, Yukio TAKAHASHI und Jonathan PARKER. „Creep Life Assessment of Grade 92 Steel under Multi-Axial Stress States“. Proceedings of the Materials and Mechanics Conference 2016 (2016): OS10–05. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmemm.2016.os10-05.

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48

Yao, Hua-Tang, Fu-Zhen Xuan, Zhengdong Wang und Shan-Tung Tu. „A review of creep analysis and design under multi-axial stress states“. Nuclear Engineering and Design 237, Nr. 18 (Oktober 2007): 1969–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nucengdes.2007.02.003.

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49

Aydin, U., P. Rasilo, F. Martin, A. Belahcen, L. Daniel, A. Haavisto und A. Arkkio. „Effect of multi-axial stress on iron losses of electrical steel sheets“. Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials 469 (Januar 2019): 19–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmmm.2018.08.003.

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50

Aydin, U., P. Rasilo, F. Martin, A. Belahcen, L. Daniel und A. Arkkio. „Modeling of multi-axial stress dependent iron losses in electrical steel sheets“. Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials 504 (Juni 2020): 166612. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmmm.2020.166612.

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