Zeitschriftenartikel: „Movement Perception“

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POLLICK, FRANK E., JOSHUA G. HALE und MARIA TZONEVA-HADJIGEORGIEVA. „PERCEPTION OF HUMANOID MOVEMENT“. International Journal of Humanoid Robotics 02, Nr. 03 (September 2005): 277–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021984360500048x.

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With the ultimate goal of producing natural-looking movements in humanoid robots and virtual humans, we examined the visual perception of movements generated by different models of movement generation. The models of movement generation included 14 synthetic motion generation algorithms based on theories of human motor production. In addition, we obtained motion from recordings of actual human movement. The resulting movements were applied to both a humanoid robot and a computer graphics virtual human. The computational efficiency of the motion production algorithms is described. In Experiment 1, we examined observers' judgments of the naturalness of a movement. Results showed that, for the humanoid robot, low ratings of naturalness were obtained for rapid movement. In addition, it was found that some movements that appeared to have unremarkable naturalness ratings were anomalous examples of the desired movement. In Experiment 2, we used naturalness ratings to study the influence of movement speed on the humanoid robot. Results indicated that the decrease in naturalness was due to motion artifacts at the ends of the movement. In Experiment 3, we returned to the issue of anomalous movements by obtaining ratings of similarity between pairs of movements, and analyzing these with multi-dimensional scaling to obtain a psychological space representation of the set of movements. Results showed that the presumed anomalous movements were indeed distinctive from the other movements, suggesting that the naturalness judgments did not completely indicate the perception of movement. We discuss these results in the context of what they suggest for the relative effectiveness of the different generation algorithms at producing natural movement, and their relative computational efficiency, as well as in terms of the effectiveness of different psychological techniques for the assessment of humanoid movement.

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Van Zanten, Leonard. „Motion to Motion into perception“. JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN PHYSICS 19 (13.06.2021): 156–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/jap.v19i.9047.

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One of the most rewarding things in the sciences is to learn how things are put together, and how they operate. Our senses are not the only ones to come by movements in its particulars, seeing nature no less is in-and-by movement. Accordingly we come to a revelation in movements to movement, a revelation to show nature for its reality. Additionally; by illustration, the coordinates of movement are furnished to wit, magnetic, electric, light's velocity, and radial velocity.

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Diener, H. C., J. Hore, R. Ivry und J. Dichgans. „Cerebellar Dysfunction of Movement and Perception“. Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques 20, S3 (Mai 1993): S62—S69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s031716710004854x.

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ABSTRACT:This review describes some characteristics of patients with cerebellar lesions, including limb movements, changes in motor planning and disturbances in time-dependent perception. The delay in movement initiation can be explained by a delay in onset of movement-related discharge of neurons in motor cortex. Disorders of movement termination (hypermetria) are accompanied by asymmetric velocity profiles and by prolonged agonist and delayed antagonist EMG activity necessary to brake the movement. During complex movements in three-dimensional space, the cerebellum contributes to timing between single components of a movement, scales the size of muscular action, and coordinates the sequence of agonists and antagonists. The basic structure of motor programs is not generated exclusively within the cerebellum and patients with cerebellar lesions can use precuing information to improve their motor performance. Time-dependent perception in the auditory and visual domains are disturbed in patients with cerebellar lesions.

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Aransih, Miskatyas Putri, und Rizki Edmi Edison. „The Naturalness of Biological Movement by Individuals with Autism Spectrum Conditions: Taking Neurotypical Individuals’ Viewpoint“. Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences 7, Nr. 16 (20.08.2019): 2574–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2019.392.

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BACKGROUND: When an action is being observed, it is matched to the observer’s internal representation of the action. The more similar, the more the action is perceived as natural. A factor influencing judgement of naturalness is the kinematic features of a movement. However, these features could be altered due to certain conditions that can modify movement such as Autism Spectrum Disorders. As a result, neurotypical observers may fail to interpret the action due to impaired naturalness. AIM: This work aims to investigate (1) whether neurotypical observers judge the autistic individuals’ movement as less natural, (2) which kinematic factors (jerk, acceleration, velocity and size) contribute to their perception and (3) whether cue reliance correlates with autistic traits. METHODS: Thirty neurotypical participants (20 – 33 years old; 15 males) completed autistic trait screening questionnaires (ADC, TAS-20, AQ). They completed a computer task showing 2D side-to-side arm movements recorded from neurotypical and autistic individuals. Finally, they rated the naturalness of the observed movements, and how certain they were with their answer. RESULTS: There was a significant difference between the participants’ perception of naturalness of the two movement groups. Jerk, acceleration and velocity contributed to shaping the participants’ perception with a jerk as the most significant factor. The correlation between the participants’ autistic trait and both their perception of naturalness as well as of each kinematic cue were not significant. CONCLUSION: Our neurotypical participants perceived the autistic movements as less natural. Their perceptions were influenced mainly by the jerk as well as acceleration and velocity of the autistic movements. Autistic traits in the participants did not correlate to their perception of movement naturalness nor to any of the kinematic factors.

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Zaporozhets, A. V. „Perception, Movement, and Action“. Journal of Russian & East European Psychology 35, Nr. 1 (Januar 1997): 18–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.2753/rpo1061-0405350118.

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Zaporozhets, A. V. „Perception, Movement, and Action“. Journal of Russian & East European Psychology 40, Nr. 4 (Juli 2002): 53–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.2753/rpo1061-0405400453.

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Méary, David, Catherine Chary, Richard Palluel-Germain und Jean-Pierre Orliaguet. „Visual Perception of Writing and Pointing Movements“. Perception 34, Nr. 9 (September 2005): 1061–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/p3388.

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Studies of movement production have shown that the relationship between the amplitude of a movement and its duration varies according to the type of gesture. In the case of pointing movements the duration increases as a function of distance and width of the target (Pitts' law), whereas for writing movements the duration tends to remain constant across changes in trajectory length (isochrony principle). We compared the visual perception of these two categories of movement. The participants judged the speed of a light spot that portrayed the motion of the end-point of a hand-held pen (pointing or writing). For the two types of gesture we used 8 stimulus sizes (from 2.5 cm to 20 cm) and 32 durations (from 0.2 s to 1.75 s). Viewing each combination of size and duration, participants had to indicate whether the movement speed seemed “fast”, “slow”, or “correct”. Results showed that the participants' perceptual preferences were in agreement with the rules of movement production. The stimulus size was more influential in the pointing condition than in the writing condition. We consider that this finding reflects the influence of common representational resources for perceptual judgment and movement production.

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Hauthal, Nadine, Pascale Sandmann, Stefan Debener und Jeremy Thorne. „Visual movement perception in deaf and hearing individuals“. Advances in Cognitive Psychology 9, Nr. 2 (30.06.2013): 53–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.5709/acp-0131-z.

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Guha, Aratrik, Hanieh Agharazi, Palak Gupta und Aasef G. Shaikh. „Exploring Heading Direction Perception in Cervical Dystonia, Tremor, and Their Coexistence“. Brain Sciences 14, Nr. 3 (27.02.2024): 217. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci14030217.

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Objective: Dystonias, characterized by excessive muscle contractions resulting in involuntary postures and movements, impact 3 million people globally, making them the third most common movement disorder. Often accompanied by tremors, dystonias have epidemiological links and non-motor features shared with isolated tremor, such as essential tremor. Both dystonia and tremor present with balance dysfunction and abnormal involuntary movements, potentially linked to abnormal cerebellar function. This study explores the perception of one’s own linear movement, heading, particularly discrimination of heading direction, in isolated cervical dystonia, isolated tremor, and their combination. We compare such perception behavior in visual and vestibular domains, predicting that visual heading perception would be superior to vestibular heading perception. Methods: Following the focus on the perception of heading direction, we used psychophysics techniques, such as two-alternative-forced-choice task, to examine perception of direction of one’s own movements as they see isolated visual star-cloud movement (visual heading perception) and en bloc body movement (vestibular heading perception). We fitted a sigmoidal psychometric function curve to determine the threshold for visual or vestibular heading perception in our participants. Results: Nineteen participants underwent a two-alternative forced-choice task in the vestibular and visual domains. Results reveal elevated vestibular heading perception thresholds in cervical dystonia with or without tremor, and isolated tremor compared to healthy controls. Vestibular heading perception threshold was comparable in cervical dystonia with tremor and isolated tremor, but it was even worse in isolated cervical dystonia. Visual heading perception, however, remained less affected all three conditions—isolated cervical dystonia, isolated tremor, and their combination. Conclusion: These findings indicate shared deficits and distinctions in the perception of linear translational heading across movement disorders, such as isolated cervical dystonia, tremor, or their combination, offering insights into their pathophysiology, particularly the involvement of cerebellum regions responsible for vestibular processing.

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Price, Kelly J., Maggie Shiffrar und Kimberly A. Kerns. „Movement perception and movement production in Asperger's Syndrome“. Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders 6, Nr. 1 (Januar 2012): 391–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2011.06.013.

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Di Prete, John. „Rapid Eye Movement during Sleep Considered as Nystagmus“. Perceptual and Motor Skills 63, Nr. 2 (Oktober 1986): 595–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1986.63.2.595.

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Based on supportive evidence, it is proposed in this paper that rapid eye movements during paradoxical sleep actually represent nystagmus, the latter due to the occurrence of conflicting perceptions of bodily position in space. During rapid eye movements in sleep, the brain's perception of bodily position in a dream is opposed to the sensory perception of the dreamer's sleeping position. The split in perception triggers nystagmus, a physiological mechanism known to accompany motion sickness and other waking forms of spatial sense distortion. Supportive evidence from studies on motion sickness, nystagmus, and sleep is presented. A number of experiments are suggested to lend validity to the hypothesis.

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KONDOH, Yasuhiro. „Computation theory of movement perception.“ Hikaku seiri seikagaku(Comparative Physiology and Biochemistry) 13, Nr. 4 (1996): 388–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.3330/hikakuseiriseika.13.388.

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Maroso, Mattia. „Good vibrations for movement perception“. Science 359, Nr. 6381 (15.03.2018): 1227.9–1228. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.359.6381.1227-i.

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Story, Brad H. „Structure, Movement, Sound, and Perception“. Perspectives on Speech Science and Orofacial Disorders 24, Nr. 1 (August 2014): 7–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/ssod24.1.7.

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Models that take the form of artificial talkers and speech synthesis systems have long been used as a means of understanding both speech production and speech perception. The article begins with a brief history of two artificial speaking devices that exemplify the representation of speech production as a system of modulations. The development of a recent airway modulation model is then described that simulates the time-varying changes of the vocal tract and acoustic wave propagation. The result is a type of artificial talker that can be used to study various aspects of how sound is generated by humans and how that sound is perceived by a listener.

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Logothetis, Nikos K. „Is movement perception color blind?“ Current Biology 1, Nr. 5 (Oktober 1991): 298–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0960-9822(91)90090-j.

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Santillán, Javier Enrique, und José Fernando Barraza. „Distance perception during self-movement“. Human Movement Science 67 (Oktober 2019): 102496. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.humov.2019.102496.

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Fischer, Martin H., Nele Warlop, Robin L. Hill und Wim Fias. „Oculomotor Bias Induced by Number Perception“. Experimental Psychology 51, Nr. 2 (Januar 2004): 91–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1618-3169.51.2.91.

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Abstract. Previous research with manual response methods has found evidence for an association between numbers and space. The present study investigated whether eye movements also show this association. Eye movement responses were recorded from 15 healthy participants as they categorized the digits 0-9 as odd or even. Responses were initiated faster to the left in response to small digits and faster to the right in response to large digits. Movement amplitudes were not systematically affected by either number magnitude or parity. These results provide further evidence for a spatially oriented “mental number line”.

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Kempe, Marisa, und Thomas Heinen. „Aesthetic Perception of Stage Setups in Dance“. European Journal of Sport Sciences 1, Nr. 4 (31.08.2022): 29–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejsport.2022.1.4.30.

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Dance as moving art is an adequate medium for exploring visual perception and the aesthetic value of movements. The aesthetic experience in dance movements and performances was investigated over the last two decades. Still, research on stage setups in dance is severely underrepresented despite their importance in dance choreographies. The study aimed to assess dancers (hip-hop and modern dance) and non-dancers' aesthetic evaluation of three different prototypical movements performed on five prototypical stage setups. N=27 dancers (hip-hop and modern) and non-dancers evaluated various movements performed on different stage setups on their perceived aesthetic. It was hypothesized that symmetrical stage setups and a fast movement or a movement with a wide form were generally preferred. It was furthermore expected that dancers and non-dancers, as well as dancers from different styles, differ in their aesthetic perception of stage setups and dance movements. Results revealed that the movement contract-release and the stage setup V were generally evaluated as most aesthetic. Nevertheless, while hip-hop dancers and non-dancers preferred a free stage setup as the least aesthetic, modern dancers preferred a bloc setup as the least aesthetic. It can be concluded that there is a general preference for movements comprising a large amplitude and range of motions and for stage setups that contain symmetry and a wide form. Thus, symmetry seems essential when developing stage setups in dance. This can be used as a tool trying to delight the observer as well as trying to play with contrast and convergence throughout a whole dance performance.

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HIGGINS, L. E., E. D. JOHNSTONE und A. E. P. HEAZELL. „MANAGEMENT OF REDUCED FETAL MOVEMENTS“. Fetal and Maternal Medicine Review 24, Nr. 4 (November 2013): 201–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s096553951300017x.

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Reduced fetal movement (RFM) is commonly defined as any reduction in maternal perception of fetal activity. Perceived fetal activity may be movement of limbs, trunk or head movement, but excludes fetal hiccoughs (as this is involuntary movement). The perception of fetal movement by an expectant mother is the first, and ongoing, non-sonographic indicator of fetal viability. The “normal” pattern of fetal movements varies from pregnancy to pregnancy, and often does not become established until 28 weeks’ gestation. Many babies have particularly active periods of the day, usually corresponding to periods of maternal rest and inactivity (which may in itself reflect increased maternal awareness of fetal movement). A variable percentage of sonographically observed fetal movements are perceived by prospective mothers (commonly 30–40%, although some studies report rates as high as 80%).

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Bloomfield, Lauren, Elizabeth Lane, Madhur Mangalam und Damian G. Kelty-Stephen. „Perceiving and remembering speech depend on multifractal nonlinearity in movements producing and exploring speech“. Journal of The Royal Society Interface 18, Nr. 181 (August 2021): 20210272. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2021.0272.

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Speech perception and memory for speech require active engagement. Gestural theories have emphasized mainly the effect of speaker's movements on speech perception. They fail to address the effects of listener movement, focusing on communication as a boundary condition constraining movement among interlocutors. The present work attempts to break new ground by using multifractal geometry of physical movement as a common currency for supporting both sides of the speaker–listener dyads. Participants self-paced their listening to a narrative, after which they completed a test of memory querying their narrative comprehension and their ability to recognize words from the story. The multifractal evidence of nonlinear interactions across timescales predicted the fluency of speech perception. Self-pacing movements that enabled listeners to control the presentation of speech sounds constituted a rich exploratory process. The multifractal nonlinearity of this exploration supported several aspects of memory for the perceived spoken language. These findings extend the role of multifractal geometry in the speaker's movements to the narrative case of speech perception. In addition to posing novel basic research questions, these findings make a compelling case for calibrating multifractal structure in text-to-speech synthesizers for better perception and memory of speech.

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Lestage, Hélène, Thomas Camus, Vincent Dru und Thibaut Brouillet. „How movement direction shapes the spatial representation of its effects: About the consequence of the ideomotor bidirectional association“. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology 72, Nr. 7 (25.10.2018): 1717–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1747021818807181.

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Ideomotor theories assume that action and perception share a common representational system in which a movement and its effect are equally represented and integrated by a bidirectional association. However, there is no mention of how this association leads to influence the representational content of each part. In this article, we investigated the influence of movement properties on the spatial representation of auditory effects. In line with the Action Constrains Theory of space perception, we suggest that changes in the movement direction leads to correlative changes in the spatial representation of the effect. In a pre-experiment, we replicated traditional ideomotor results with a response-effect (R-E) compatibility procedure. In two experiments, we used one condition of this procedure (i.e., the corresponding R-E mapping) to manipulate the movement properties associated to a non-spatialised effect. In the first experiment, the effect was associated with horizontal outward movements or with forward–backward movements. In the second experiment, we tested some alternative explanations for the results obtained in the first experiment. Globally, we showed that rightward movements led to localised auditory effect more on the right space than leftward movements and that backward movements led to localisation of the effect closer from the subjects than forward movements. In accordance with the Action Constrains Theory of space perception, these data suggest that movement shapes the spatial organisation of the effect representation.

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Wexler, Mark. „Voluntary Head Movement and Allocentric Perception of Space“. Psychological Science 14, Nr. 4 (Juli 2003): 340–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-9280.14491.

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Although visual input is egocentric, at least some visual perceptions and representations are allocentric, that is, independent of the observer's vantage point or motion. Three experiments investigated the visual perception of three-dimensional object motion during voluntary and involuntary motion in human subjects. The results show that the motor command contributes to the objective perception of space: Observers are more likely to apply, consciously and unconsciously, spatial criteria relative to an allocentric frame of reference when they are executing voluntary head movements than while they are undergoing similar involuntary displacements (which lead to a more egocentric bias). Furthermore, details of the motor command are crucial to spatial vision, as allocentric bias decreases or disappears when self-motion and motor command do not match.

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Gregory, Richard L. „Movement Nulling: For Heterochromatic Photometry and Isolating Channels for ‘Real’ and ‘Apparent’ Motion“. Perception 14, Nr. 2 (April 1985): 193–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/p140193.

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Null measurements given by cancelling forces, voltages, or whatever, are used in physics for gaining ‘objectivity’—by avoiding ‘subjective’ perceptions; but, somewhat paradoxically, null methods can be useful for studying perception itself. Here we consider cancelling opposed movements for photometry with coloured lights, and some recent experiments, carried out with John Harris, on nulling ‘real’ against opposed ‘apparent’ motion for teasing out some neural movement channels.

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Holly, Jan E., und Gin McCollum. „Constructive perception of self-motion“. Journal of Vestibular Research 18, Nr. 5-6 (01.04.2009): 249–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/ves-2008-185-602.

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This review focusses attention on a ragged edge of our knowledge of self-motion perception, where understanding ends but there are experimental results to indicate that present approaches to analysis are inadequate. Although self-motion perception displays processes of "top-down" construction, it is typically analyzed as if it is nothing more than a deformation of the stimulus, using a "bottom-up" and input/output approach beginning with the transduction of the stimulus. Analysis often focusses on the extent to which passive transduction of the movement stimulus is accurate. Some perceptual processes that deform or transform the stimulus arise from the way known properties of sensory receptors contribute to perceptual accuracy or inaccuracy. However, further constructive processes in self-motion perception that involve discrete transformations are not well understood. We introduce constructive perception with a linguistic example which displays familiar discrete properties, then look closely at self-motion perception. Examples of self-motion perception begin with cases in which constructive processes transform particular properties of the stimulus. These transformations allow the nervous system to compose whole percepts of movement; that is, self-motion perception acts at a whole-movement level of analysis, rather than passively transducing individual cues. These whole-movement percepts may be paradoxical. In addition, a single stimulus may give rise to multiple perceptions. After reviewing self-motion perception studies, we discuss research methods for delineating principles of the constructed perception of self-motion. The habit of viewing self-motion illusions only as continuous deformations of the stimulus may be blinding the field to other perceptual phenomena, including those best characterized using the mathematics of discrete transformations or mathematical relationships relating sensory modalities in novel, sometimes discrete ways. Analysis of experiments such as these is required to mathematically formalize elements of self-motion perception, the transformations they may undergo, consistency principles, and logical structure underlying multiplicity of perceptions. Such analysis will lead to perceptual rules analogous to those recognized in visual perception.

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Hoogkamer, Wouter, und Megan K. O'Brien. „Sensorimotor recalibration during split-belt walking: task-specific and multisensory?“ Journal of Neurophysiology 116, Nr. 4 (01.10.2016): 1539–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00079.2016.

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Motor adaptations not only recalibrate movement execution but also can lead to altered movement perception in multiple sensory domains. Vazquez, Statton, Busgang, and Bastian ( J Neurophysiol 114: 3255–3267, 2015) recently showed that split-belt walking affects perception of leg speed during walking, but not perceptions of leg position during standing and walking or perception of contact force during stepping. Considering their findings within the broader scope of sensorimotor recalibration in other tasks, we suggest that sensorimotor recalibrations are task specific and can be multisensory.

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Li, Qingyao. „Perception and Recognition of Upper Limb Movement Trajectory of Aerobics Based on Multi-Intelligent Sensors“. Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing 2022 (07.03.2022): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/3598274.

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Aerobics is an indispensable part of school teaching. Aerobics can exercise the human body’s flexibility, muscle extension, and cardiopulmonary function. However, there are many details in the aerobics movements that need attention, so this article mainly studies the perception and recognition of the upper limb movement trajectory of aerobics. This article is mainly based on multi-intelligent sensors to perform motion capture and recognition of upper limb movements in aerobics. Therefore, in order to design a multismart sensor-based aerobics upper limb movement perception recognition system, this paper proposes to combine the VM-i three-axis magnetic sensor and MEMS smart sensor to capture the upper limb movement trajectory. Then, the aerobics upper limb movement trajectory and posture mathematical description method to obtain the model of the action perception recognition system are written. In order to verify the system, this paper also designed the actual effect of attitude calculation and A-RRM algorithm verification experiment. Finally, it is optimized with the data obtained from the experiment, and the accuracy and efficiency comparison experiment with the traditional motion perception recognition system is carried out. Experimental results show that the motion recognition accuracy of the aerobics upper limb movement trajectory recognition system based on multi-smart sensors is improved by 13%-23% compared with the traditional motion recognition system. The recognition efficiency of the action perception recognition system based on multismart sensors is 9%-15% higher than that of the traditional action recognition system.

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Duchesne, Jean, Vincent Bouvier, Julien Guillemé und Olivier A. Coubard. „Maxwellian Eye Fixation during Natural Scene Perception“. Scientific World Journal 2012 (2012): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1100/2012/956340.

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When we explore a visual scene, our eyes make saccades to jump rapidly from one area to another and fixate regions of interest to extract useful information. While the role of fixation eye movements in vision has been widely studied, their random nature has been a hitherto neglected issue. Here we conducted two experiments to examine the Maxwellian nature of eye movements during fixation. In Experiment 1, eight participants were asked to perform free viewing of natural scenes displayed on a computer screen while their eye movements were recorded. For each participant, the probability density function (PDF) of eye movement amplitude during fixation obeyed the law established by Maxwell for describing molecule velocity in gas. Only the mean amplitude of eye movements varied with expertise, which was lower in experts than novice participants. In Experiment 2, two participants underwent fixed time, free viewing of natural scenes and of their scrambled version while their eye movements were recorded. Again, the PDF of eye movement amplitude during fixation obeyed Maxwell’s law for each participant and for each scene condition (normal or scrambled). The results suggest that eye fixation during natural scene perception describes a random motion regardless of top-down or of bottom-up processes.

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Seizova-Cajic, Tatjana, Janette L. Smith, Janet L. Taylor und Simon C. Gandevia. „Perception of movement extent depends on the extent of previous movements“. Experimental Brain Research 195, Nr. 1 (07.04.2009): 167–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00221-009-1780-y.

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Nather, Francisco Carlos, Vinicius Anelli, Guilherme Ennes und José Lino Oliveira Bueno. „Implied Movement in Static Images Reveals Biological Timing Processing“. Paidéia (Ribeirão Preto) 25, Nr. 61 (August 2015): 251–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1982-43272561201513.

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Visual perception is adapted toward a better understanding of our own movements than those of non-conspecifics. The present study determined whether time perception is affected by pictures of different species by considering the evolutionary scale. Static (“S”) and implied movement (“M”) images of a dog, cheetah, chimpanzee, and man were presented to undergraduate students. S and M images of the same species were presented in random order or one after the other (S-M or M-S) for two groups of participants. Movement, Velocity, and Arousal semantic scales were used to characterize some properties of the images. Implied movement affected time perception, in which M images were overestimated. The results are discussed in terms of visual motion perception related to biological timing processing that could be established early in terms of the adaptation of humankind to the environment.

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Nauert, Elliot, und Douglas J. Gillan. „Individual Measures of Time Perception Predict Performance in a Timed Reaching Task“. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 61, Nr. 1 (September 2017): 1380–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1541931213601829.

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In temporally-constrained reaching tasks, participants make rapid movements to a target while making their movements last a designated length of time. It has been well-established that effective target width, a measure of spatial accuracy, increases linearly with movement speed. This study sought to understand how individual differences in temporal sensitivity affect this speed-accuracy tradeoff. It was found that time sensitivity did not affect spatial components of the timed reaching task, but it was related to temporal components of the task. Ideas regarding the role of time perception in movement planning as well as differences in movement strategies for short and long target intervals are discussed.

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Dupin, Lucile, Vincent Hayward und Mark Wexler. „Generalized movement representation in haptic perception.“ Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance 43, Nr. 3 (2017): 581–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/xhp0000327.

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Griffiths, T. D., G. Rees, A. Rees, G. G. R. Green, C. Witton, C. Buechel, R. Turner und R. S. J. Frackowiak. „Brain activation during sound-movement perception.“ NeuroImage 7, Nr. 4 (Mai 1998): S379. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1053-8119(18)31212-6.

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Engel, Annerose, Michael Burke, Katja Fiehler, Siegfried Bien und Frank Rösler. „Motor learning affects visual movement perception“. European Journal of Neuroscience 27, Nr. 9 (25.04.2008): 2294–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-9568.2008.06200.x.

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Kimura, Toshitaka, und Hiroaki Gomi. „Active movement changes body motion perception“. Neuroscience Research 65 (Januar 2009): S104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neures.2009.09.461.

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Angel, Ronald W., Michael Weinrich und David Siegler. „Gating of somatosensory perception following movement“. Experimental Neurology 90, Nr. 2 (November 1985): 395–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0014-4886(85)90028-7.

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Gauthier, Bruno, und Rushen Shi. „Preverbal infants’ perception of vocal movement“. Brain and Cognition 67 (Juni 2008): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bandc.2008.02.035.

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Member, Haruo Sakata, Regular. „Movement perception of the chromaticness channel“. Electronics and Communications in Japan (Part I: Communications) 68, Nr. 3 (März 1985): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ecja.4410680301.

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Pomerantsev, A. „THE FEATURES OF PERCEPTUAL PROCESSES DURING QUALITATIVE BIOMECHANICAL ANALYSIS“. Human Sport Medicine 20, S1 (16.10.2020): 98–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.14529/hsm20s113.

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Aim. The paper aims to identify the features of perceptual processes during qualitative biomechanical analysis. Materials and methods. The following methods were used: the study of literature on the psychology of perception and sports biomechanics; methods of experimental psychology; high-speed video recording; authors’ methods for assessing the perception of sports technique and eidos; mathematical and statistical analysis. Results. The study consisted of 3 sequential stages. The first stage of the study showed that experts' assessments did not correlate well; each expert had his individual opinion. The second stage made it possible to identify two main types of movement perception: 1) the first type is based on an analytical approach, when experts sought to decompose the movement into a set of angles to obtain as much numerical information as possible; 2) the second type is based on gestalt-perception, when experts concentrated on a holistic movement image, i. e. without dividing the movement into details. The gestalt type was more effective, accurate and quick. The third stage revealed a different level of movement perception and its correlation with special memory. The clearer and more accurate the movement was, the longer it stored in the memory of experts. Conclusion. Gestalt-perception, eidolon technique and special memory form a triad of perceptual processes during evaluation of sports movements. The effectiveness of qualitative biomechanical analysis depends on maturity of each triad component.

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Bruderer, Alison G., D. Kyle Danielson, Padmapriya Kandhadai und Janet F. Werker. „Sensorimotor influences on speech perception in infancy“. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 112, Nr. 44 (12.10.2015): 13531–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1508631112.

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The influence of speech production on speech perception is well established in adults. However, because adults have a long history of both perceiving and producing speech, the extent to which the perception–production linkage is due to experience is unknown. We addressed this issue by asking whether articulatory configurations can influence infants’ speech perception performance. To eliminate influences from specific linguistic experience, we studied preverbal, 6-mo-old infants and tested the discrimination of a nonnative, and hence never-before-experienced, speech sound distinction. In three experimental studies, we used teething toys to control the position and movement of the tongue tip while the infants listened to the speech sounds. Using ultrasound imaging technology, we verified that the teething toys consistently and effectively constrained the movement and positioning of infants’ tongues. With a looking-time procedure, we found that temporarily restraining infants’ articulators impeded their discrimination of a nonnative consonant contrast but only when the relevant articulator was selectively restrained to prevent the movements associated with producing those sounds. Our results provide striking evidence that even before infants speak their first words and without specific listening experience, sensorimotor information from the articulators influences speech perception. These results transform theories of speech perception by suggesting that even at the initial stages of development, oral–motor movements influence speech sound discrimination. Moreover, an experimentally induced “impairment” in articulator movement can compromise speech perception performance, raising the question of whether long-term oral–motor impairments may impact perceptual development.

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Dahl, Sofia, und Anders Friberg. „Visual Perception of Expressiveness in Musicians' Body Movements“. Music Perception 24, Nr. 5 (01.06.2007): 433–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/mp.2007.24.5.433.

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MUSICIANS OFTEN MAKE GESTURES and move their bodies expressing a musical intention. In order to explore to what extent emotional intentions can be conveyed through musicians' movements, participants watched and rated silent video clips of musicians performing the emotional intentions Happy, Sad, Angry, and Fearful. In the first experiment participants rated emotional expression and movement character of marimba performances. The results showed that the intentions Happiness, Sadness, and Anger were well communicated, whereas Fear was not. Showing selected parts of the player only slightly influenced the identification of the intended emotion. In the second experiment participants rated the same emotional intentions and movement character for performances on bassoon and soprano saxophone. The ratings from the second experiment confirmed that Fear was not communicated whereas Happiness, Sadness, and Anger were recognized. The rated movement cues were similar in the two experiments and were analogous to their audio counterpart in music performance.

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Wang, Yuankai, Waishan Qiu, Qingrui Jiang, Wenjing Li, Tong Ji und Lin Dong. „Drivers or Pedestrians, Whose Dynamic Perceptions Are More Effective to Explain Street Vitality? A Case Study in Guangzhou“. Remote Sensing 15, Nr. 3 (18.01.2023): 568. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs15030568.

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As an important indicator of urban development capacity, vitality can be affected by the human perception of street views, which is a dynamic sensory process that can differ greatly according to different transportation modes, due to their different travel speeds, distances, and routes. However, few studies have evaluated how the dynamic spatial perceptions differ between different travel modes and how these differences can affect vitality differently, due to the limitation of city-scale quantitative data on the dynamic perception of urban scenes. To fill the gap, we propose a “dynamic through-movement perception” (DTMP) measure which integrates a streetscape quality evaluation model with a network-based movement potential model. We measure the streetscape qualities from Baidu street-view images (SVI) and compare the spatial perceptions of drivers and pedestrians in central Guangzhou, China. First, more than twenty visual elements were classified from SVIs to predict human perceptions collected from visual surveys. Second, the through-movement probability of driving and walking were calculated based on classic natural movement theory in space syntax and measured as the angular betweenness for the two travel modes. Third, we accumulate the multipliers of visual perception and through-movement probability of driving and walking as the DTMP for both modes. Lastly, the DTMPs of both modes were fitted into linear regression models to explain street vitality, which is measured using Baidu mobile phone check-in data, when other control variables such as functional density, functional diversity and amenity clustering reachability are accounted for. The results show that the dynamic perception of driving overall shows a stronger correlation with street vitality, while perceived richness is significantly positive in both travel modes. This study provides the first quantitative evidence to reveal how the movement probability of different travel modes can significantly influence people’s sense of place, while in turn increasing street vitality. Our results can explain how different types of street commerce (i.e., pedestrian-oriented, and auto-oriented) aggregate spontaneously due to the dynamic movement potential, which provides an important reference for urban planners and decision makers for improving street vitality when making urban revitalization policies.

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Mangelsdorf, Heather Harden, Jason Listman und Anabel Maler. „Perception of Musicality and Emotion in Signed Songs“. Music Perception 39, Nr. 2 (01.12.2021): 160–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/mp.2021.39.2.160.

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This study investigated how signed performances express musical meaning and emotions. Deaf, Hard-of-Hearing (HoH), and hearing participants watched eight translated signed songs and eight signed lyrics with no influence of music. The participants rated these videos on several emotional and movement dimensions. Even though the videos did not have audible sounds, hearing participants perceived the signed songs as more musical than the signed lyrics. Deaf/HoH participants perceived both types of videos as equally musical, suggesting a different conception of what it means for movement to be musical. We also found that participants’ ratings of spatial height, vertical direction, size, tempo, and fluency related to the performer’s intended emotion and participants’ ratings of valence/arousal. For Deaf/HoH participants, accuracy at identifying emotional intentions was predicted by focusing more on facial expressions than arm movements. Together, these findings add to our understanding of how audience members attend to and derive meaning from different characteristics of movement in performative contexts.

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Nather, Francisco Carlos, und José Lino Oliveira Bueno. „Timing Perception in Paintings and Sculptures of Edgar Degas“. Kronoscope 12, Nr. 1 (2012): 16–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156852412x631628.

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AbstractThe impressionist artist Edgar Degas (1834-1917) is widely known for his artistic production dedicated to the representation of movement. Degas has done a careful study, realistically depicting the movement both in his paintings of scenes of horses, women bathing and dancing, and in his sculptures of dancers in various positions of classical ballet. Since movements exist only at the intersection space-time, and visual works of art exist only in physical spaces defined by the works themselves, this article discusses the perception of time in the work of Degas. Therefore, this paper emphasizes aspects of the representation of movement used by the artist and the implied relations of these aspects with the perception of time. The timing perception is addressed according to studies that revealed components of the subjective perception of time related to a meeting of an observer with a work of visual art (aesthetic episode).

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Beets, I. A. M., F. Rösler und K. Fiehler. „Nonvisual Motor Learning Improves Visual Motion Perception: Evidence From Violating the Two-Thirds Power Law“. Journal of Neurophysiology 104, Nr. 3 (September 2010): 1612–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00974.2009.

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Few studies have reported direct effects of motor learning on visual perception, especially when using novel movements for the motor system. Atypical motor behaviors that violate movement constraints provide an excellent opportunity to study action-to-perception transfer. In our study, we passively trained blindfolded participants on movements violating the 2/3 power law. Before and after motor training, participants performed a visual discrimination task in which they decided whether two consecutive movements were same or different. For motor training, we randomly assigned the participants to two motor training groups or a control group. The motor training group experienced either a weak or a strong elliptic velocity profile on a circular trajectory that matched one of the visual test stimuli. The control group was presented with linear trajectories unrelated to the viewed movements. After each training session, participants actively reproduced the movement to assess motor learning. The group trained on the strong elliptic velocity profile reproduced movements with increasing elliptic velocity profiles while circular geometry remained constant. Furthermore, both training groups improved in visual discrimination ability for the learned movement as well as for highly similar movements. Participants in the control group, however, did not show any improvements in the visual discrimination task nor did participants who did not acquire the trained movement. The present results provide evidence for a transfer from action to perception which generalizes to highly related movements and depends on the success of motor learning. Moreover, under specific conditions, it seems to be possible to acquire movements deviating from the 2/3 power law.

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Juravle, Georgiana, Tobias Heed, Charles Spence und Brigitte Roeder. „Electrophysiological correlates of tactile and visual perception during goal-directed movement“. Seeing and Perceiving 25 (2012): 170. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187847612x648008.

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Tactile information arriving at our sensory receptors is differentially processed over the various temporal phases of goal-directed movements. By using event-related potentials (ERPs), we investigated the neuronal correlates of tactile information processing during movement. Participants performed goal-directed reaches for an object placed centrally on the table in front of them. Tactile and visual stimuli were presented in separate trials during the different phases of the movement (i.e., preparation, execution, and post-movement). These stimuli were independently delivered to either the moving or the resting hand. In a control condition, the participants only performed the movement, while omission (movement-only) ERPs were recorded. Participants were told to ignore the presence or absence of any sensory events and solely concentrate on the execution of the movement. The results highlighted enhanced ERPs between 80 and 200 ms after tactile stimulation, and between 100 and 250 ms after visual stimulation. These modulations were greatest over the execution phase of the goal-directed movement, they were effector-based (i.e., significantly more negative for stimuli presented at the moving hand), and modality-independent (i.e., similar ERP enhancements were observed for both tactile and visual stimuli). The enhanced processing of sensory information over the execution phase of the movement suggests that incoming sensory information may be used for a potential adjustment of the current motor plan. Moreover, these results indicate a tight interaction between attentional mechanisms and the sensorimotor system.

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Abeywardena, Chalani L., Frederique J. Vanheusden, Kate F. Walker, Richard Arm und Qimei Zhang. „Fetal Movement Counting Using Optical Fibre Sensors“. Sensors 21, Nr. 1 (24.12.2020): 48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21010048.

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Daily fetal movement counting based on maternal perception is widely deployed to monitor fetal wellbeing. However, the counting performed by the mother is prone to errors for various reasons. There are limited devices on the market that can provide reliable and automatic counting. This paper presents a prototype of a novel fetal movement monitoring device based on fibre Bragg grating sensors. Deformation of the skin caused by a fetal movement can lead to a change of the strain and stress on the optical fibre sensors, therefore can induce distortions to the breathing pattern of the mother. In the study data was gathered by the sensors through strain measurement and was post-processed using independent component analysis (ICA) and high-pass filtering to show the instances of the fetal movements. Information gathered during user trials with the prototype suggests that the system detects significantly higher numbers of fetus movements than that observed based on the mother’s perception. Among the various techniques available for fetal movement monitoring, fibre optic sensing provides many advantages including multiplex capability, flexibility and minimal size, making the concept an attractive solution for reliable monitoring of antenatal fetal movements.

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Rogers, Vaimanino, Lisa M. Barnett und Natalie Lander. „The Relationship Between Fundamental Movement Skills and Physical Self-Perception Among Adolescent Girls“. Journal of Motor Learning and Development 6, s2 (01.10.2018): S378—S390. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jmld.2017-0041.

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This study aimed to explore the relationship between fundamental movement skills (FMS) and multiple levels of physical self-perception among early adolescent girls. The Victorian FMS Teachers’ Manual was used to measure actual FMS. Perceptions were measured using the Physical Self-Perception Profile and the Perceived Movement Skill Competence Scale. Pearson’s correlations assessed the association between FMS and each level of physical self-perception. General linear models, adjusting for potential confounders, were conducted to explore the relationship between FMS and multiple levels of physical self-perception. A total of 173 Australian girls (M = 12.48 years, SD = .34) had complete data. Results found positive moderate and significant associations between actual FMS and physical self-perception, perceived sports competence, and, to a lesser degree, perceived FMS. Actual and perceived object control skill were also moderately associated, but there was no association between actual and perceived locomotor skill. After adjusting for potential confounders, FMS remained a significant predictor of each level of perception in each model, except for locomotor skill. These findings are important for future intervention development to improve both actual and perceived FMS, particularly in object control skill, which has been identified as a predictor of subsequent physical activity.

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Iwatsuki, Takehiro, Judy L. Van Raalte, Britton W. Brewer, Albert Petitpas und Masanori Takahashi. „Relations Among Reinvestment, Self-Regulation, and Perception of Choking Under Pressure“. Journal of Human Kinetics 65, Nr. 1 (31.12.2018): 281–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/hukin-2018-0042.

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Abstract The purpose of this study was to examine relations among reinvestment, self-regulation, and perception of choking under pressure in skilled tennis players. Participants were 160 collegiate players from the NCAA Division I in the U.S. and the 1st League in Japan. Participants completed questionnaires assessing reinvestment (conscious motor processing and movement self-consciousness), self-regulation, and perception of choking under pressure. Results of correlation analysis indicated self-regulatory factors were positively related to reinvestment conscious motor processing, but not with reinvestment movement self-consciousness. Self-efficacy and movement self-consciousness of reinvestment were found to predict one’s perception of choking under pressure. Results of simultaneous entry multiple regression revealed that tennis players who had low self-efficacy and were concerned about making a good impression with their movements were more likely to perceive that they choked during tennis matches. Additionally, Japanese players reported less self-regulation skills and a higher perception of choking under pressure than American players, suggesting the need for additional research on cross-cultural differences. Overall, these results suggest that self-efficacy may protect athletes from choking, but movement self-consciousness may lead athletes to choke during tennis games.

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Koga, Kazuo. „Motion perception modified by eye movements 1This research was partly supported by the Grant-In-Aid for Developmental Scientific Research (63810002, 02610045, and 10301005) by the Ministry of Education, Science and Culture of Japan to K.K. The article is based on a presentation given by K.K. at the Joint Swiss-Japanese Scientific Seminar Human Motion Perception. Eye Movements, and Orientation in Visual Space, supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation in cooperation with the Japanese Society for the Promotion of Science, in Gunten (Switzerland) May 19-21, 1999.“ Swiss Journal of Psychology 59, Nr. 2 (Juni 2000): 108–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1024//1421-0185.59.2.108.

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Evidence is presented that eye movements have a strong modulation effect on perceived motion of an object in an induced motion situation. It was investigated whether pursuit eye movements affect motion perception, particularly target velocity perception, under the following stimulus conditions: (1) laterally moving objects on the computer display, (2) recurrent simple target motion and, (3) a unilaterally scrolling grid. The observers' eye movements were recorded and, at the same time, their responses with respect to their velocity perception were registered and analyzed in synchronization with the eye movement data. In most cases, when pursuit eye movements were synchronized with the movement of the target, the velocity of the target was judged to be slow or motionless. An explanation of the results is presented which is based on two sources of motion information: (1) A displacement detector in terms of retinal coordinates, and (2) a proprioceptive sensing unit associated with the eye movements. The veridicality of the judgments of the velocity of the object motion was determined by the complexity of the processes for integrating the signals from the two channels.

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Bobick, Aaron F. „Movement, activity and action: the role of knowledge in the perception of motion“. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences 352, Nr. 1358 (29.08.1997): 1257–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.1997.0108.

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This paper presents several approaches to the machine perception of motion and discusses the role and levels of knowledge in each. In particular, different techniques of motion understanding as focusing on one of movement, activity or action are described. Movements are the most atomic primitives, requiring no contextual or sequence knowledge to be recognized; movement is often addressed using either view–invariant or view–specific geometric techniques. Activity refers to sequences of movements or states, where the only real knowledge required is the statistics of the sequence; much of the recent work in gesture understanding falls within this category of motion perception. Finally, actions are larger–scale events, which typically include interaction with the environment and causal relationships; action understanding straddles the grey division between perception and cognition, computer vision and artificial intelligence. These levels are illustrated with examples drawn mostly from the group's work in understanding motion in video imagery. It is argued that the utility of such a division is that it makes explicit the representational competencies and manipulations necessary for perception.

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