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Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Moral Disengagement (MD)“
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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "Moral Disengagement (MD)"
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Shields, David Light, Christopher D. Funk und Brenda Light Bredemeier. „Predictors of Moral Disengagement in Sport“. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology 37, Nr. 6 (Dezember 2015): 646–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jsep.2015-0110.
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Researchers have made productive use of Bandura’s (1991) construct of moral disengagement (MD) to help explain why sport participants deviate from ethical ideals. In this study of intercollegiate athletes from diverse sports (N = 713), we examined MD in relation to other character-related variables: empathy, moral identity, moral attentiveness, and contesting orientations. We also examined whether moral attentiveness conforms to the pattern of “bracketed morality” found in moral reasoning (Shields & Bredemeier, 1995) and moral behavior (Kavussanu, Boardley, Sagar, & Ring, 2013). Results indicated that MD correlated positively with perceptual moral attentiveness and war contesting orientation; MD correlated negatively with empathy, moral identity, reflective moral attentiveness, and partnership contesting orientation. Results of hierarchical regression demonstrated that gender, contesting orientations, moral identity, and one form of moral attentiveness were significant predictors of MD. Finally, sport participants were found to be less morally attentive in sport than in everyday life.
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Heissler, R., N. Doubková, J. Jonáš und M. Preiss. „Moral disengagement and social distancing of people with a personality disorder“. European Psychiatry 64, S1 (April 2021): S441. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2021.1177.
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IntroductionPeople with personality disorders (PD) share some impairments in personality functioning (e.g. identity, intimacy, empathy) that are also associated with inner or interpersonal conflicts, and sometimes also with different strategies of moral disengagement (MD). It is unclear whether MD strategies are related to individuals with/without PD and their willingness to have social contacts with representatives of otherness (like minorities, physically handicapped, etc.).ObjectivesComparison of the differences in MD strategies and social distance to the otherness of healthy controls and people with PD, and the influence of personality functioning.MethodsMoral Disengagement Scale which measures eight MD strategies, the Semi-Structured Interview for Personality Functioning DSM-5 assessing the Self and Interpersonal functioning, and Bogardus Social Distance Scale measuring perceived social distance toward various representatives of otherness are applied in two samples (general population and personality disorders).ResultsPeople with PD showed a significantly higher propensity to use various MD strategies than healthy controls with moderate effect size (.34–.49). Moral disengagement is facilitated by different aspects of personality functioning in both samples, sharing the impairments in maintaining close relationships. Both samples differed in MD strategies connected with higher social distancing.ConclusionsPeople with PD are more prone to moral disengagement than healthy adults. MD appears to be facilitated by different aspects of personality functioning in both samples. Some representants of otherness are more related to specific MD strategies. We hypothesize that understanding of specific MD strategies used by people with PD can provide insight and explain some of their behavior.
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Tahrir, Tahrir. „Concern for Others and Perspective Taking on Moral Disengangement: Social Values as moderator“. Psympathic : Jurnal Ilmiah Psikologi 9, Nr. 2 (04.05.2023): 177–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.15575/psy.v9i2.21238.
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Previous reports have shown that there are several inconsistencies in the results of studies on the effect of concern for others and perspective-taking on moral disengagement. Therefore, this study aims to determine the effect of concern for others and perspective-taking on moral disengagement, moderated by social values among Islamic boarding school students in West Java. A causal correlation was used along with a structural design, involving 370 respondents. Data collection was carried out using the concern for others (CoF), perspective taking (PT), social values (SV), and moral disengagement (MD) scales. The results showed that social values played a significant role as a moderator variable in the effect of concern for others and perspective-taking on moral disengagement. Based on the results, social values had a role in reducing moral disengagement.
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Marionneau, Virve, und Veera Kankainen. „Beneficiaries of gambling and moral disengagement“. International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy 38, Nr. 7-8 (09.07.2018): 578–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijssp-01-2018-0005.
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PurposeGambling is used to raise public funds through taxes, fees and direct contributions. The rent generated can be distributed through two basic models: absorbing the surplus into state budgets and institutions, or channeling funds to civil society organizations (CSOs). However, gambling also causes negative externalities. The purpose of this paper is to focus on how the beneficiaries of gambling in two societies representing these opposite models respond to the moral issue of accepting funds from a source that causes harm to some.Design/methodology/approachThe analysis is conducted by applying the moral disengagement (MD) model to qualitative interviews conducted with beneficiaries of gambling in Finland and France. In Finland, the majority of gambling revenue is redistributed to CSOs, who also exercise a strong influence and are heavily involved in the system. In France, most gambling proceeds are directed to the central state, making other beneficiaries less powerful.FindingsThe results of this paper show that in France, where the state is a strong beneficiary, other actors express more political awareness and debate than in the Finnish model in which CSOs benefit and are tightly implicated in the system. On the other hand, the involvement of Finnish actors in the system encouraged them to accept moral responsibility for the harm caused by gambling.Originality/valueThe paper provides policymakers information on beneficiaries’ implication and position in different types of models of dividing the rent of gambling, and the academic audience with a comparative and sociological application of the MD model.
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SCHEINER, CHRISTIAN W., CHRISTIAN V. BACCARELLA, JOHN BESSANT und KAI-INGO VOIGT. „PARTICIPATION MOTIVES, MORAL DISENGAGEMENT, AND UNETHICAL BEHAVIOUR IN IDEA COMPETITIONS“. International Journal of Innovation Management 22, Nr. 06 (August 2018): 1850043. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1363919618500433.
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Idea competitions are becoming increasingly used as a resource for supporting the front end and downstream acceleration of innovation. But unethical behaviour of participants in such competitions can be detrimental, both for the organiser and for the motivation of the participating community. We assume that unethical behaviour can be explained by examining personal motives for participation and their influence on moral disengagement (MD) in which people are able to disengage from the self-regulatory process that normally impedes individuals from acting in a way inconsistent with their own moral standards. We hypothesise that monetary motives as representative for extrinsic motives for participation are positively related to MD while hedonic motives as representative of intrinsic motives are negatively related to MD. Our findings offer support for the positive relationship between MD and the tendency to make unethical decisions. Moreover, our results confirm a negative relationship between hedonic benefits and unethical behaviour. In addition, MD mediates the relationship between participants’ motivation for hedonic benefits and the tendency to make unethical decisions.
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Herath, Tejaswini, Myung-Seong Yim, John D’Arcy, Kichan Nam und H. R. Rao. „Examining employee security violations: moral disengagement and its environmental influences“. Information Technology & People 31, Nr. 6 (03.12.2018): 1135–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/itp-10-2017-0322.
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Purpose Employee security behaviors are the cornerstone for achieving holistic organizational information security. Recent studies in the information systems (IS) security literature have used neutralization and moral disengagement (MD) perspectives to examine employee rationalizations of noncompliant security behaviors. Extending this prior work, the purpose of this paper is to identify mechanisms of security education, training, and awareness (SETA) programs and deterrence as well as employees’ organizational commitment in influencing MD of security policy violations and develop a theoretical model to test the proposed relationships. Design/methodology/approach The authors validate and test the model using the data collected from six large multinational organizations in Korea using survey-based methodology. The model was empirically analyzed by structural equation modeling. Findings The results suggest that security policy awareness (PA) plays a central role in reducing MD of security policy violations and that the certainty of punishment and immediacy of enforcing penalties are instrumental toward reducing such MD; however, the higher severity of penalties does not have an influence. The findings also suggest that SETA programs are an important mechanism in creating security PA. Originality/value The paper expands the literature in IS security that has examined the role of moral evaluations. Drawing upon MD theory and social cognitive theory, the paper points to the central role of SETA and security PA in reducing MD of security policy violations, and ultimately the likelihood of this behavior. The paper not only contributes to theory but also provides important insights for practice.
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D’Errico, Francesca, und Marinella Paciello. „Online moral disengagement and hostile emotions in discussions on hosting immigrants“. Internet Research 28, Nr. 5 (02.10.2018): 1313–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/intr-03-2017-0119.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the “dark nuances” of social media by identifying moral disengagement (MD) mechanisms and hostile emotions in people discussing the hosting of immigrants and examining the relationship between MD mechanisms and hostile emotions expressed online (annoyance, irritation and contempt). Design/methodology/approach The method was based on a psycho-lexicographical approach that analysed the in vivo real words, adopting a quanti-qualitative point of view. The investigation started from the case of a Facebook post in support of immigrants after a serious shipwreck causing the death of more than 700 would-be migrants. More than 10,000 comments were codified. For the comments against the hosting of such immigrants, the authors followed a codebook aimed at identifying MD mechanisms and hostile emotions. Findings The main findings show an interplay between different hostile negative emotions and online MD mechanisms. The greater the intensity of hostile emotions, the more the locus of disengagement moves from the unethical individual’s behaviour – for example, offering moral justifications – to the target recipient of such behaviour – for example, blaming or dehumanising. Practical implications The study could be applicable in designing and developing algorithms and technological tools aimed at preventive interventions to promote moral awareness and emotional regulation in online settings. Social implications The study may be a useful contribution to understanding unethical orientation by identifying areas where education can intervene in reducing harmful behavioural tendencies. Originality/value This study takes together expressed hostile emotions and MD mechanisms by means of the analysis of real words in vivo through social media discussions.
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Boardley, Ian David, Doris Matosic und Mark William Bruner. „A Longitudinal Examination of the Relations Between Moral Disengagement and Antisocial Behavior in Sport“. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology 42, Nr. 2 (01.04.2020): 123–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jsep.2019-0127.
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Moral disengagement (MD) has been positively associated with antisocial behavior (AB) in sport. However, the longitudinal associations between MD and AB are unexamined to date. Adopting a three-wave cross-lagged panel design, the authors examined the reciprocal relations between MD and two forms of AB (i.e., toward opponents and teammates) across a competitive season with a sample of 407 team-sport athletes (Mage = 15.7 years) from Canada. Using structural equation modeling, the authors found strong positive autoregressive effects for MD and both forms of AB across both time periods. They also identified strong positive synchronous correlations between MD and both types of AB at each time point. Finally, cross-lagged effects were only found between MD and AB toward opponents; effects from MD to AB toward opponents were stronger than the reciprocal effects. These findings contribute important knowledge on the regulation of AB in sport.
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Paciello, Marinella, Pietro Muratori, Laura Ruglioni, Annarita Milone, Carlo Buonanno, Rosario Capo, John E. Lochman und Barbara Barcaccia. „Personal Values and Moral Disengagement Promote Aggressive and Rule-Breaking Behaviours in Adolescents With Disruptive Behaviour Disorders“. International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology 61, Nr. 1 (28.07.2016): 46–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0306624x15589593.
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The pilot study presented in this article investigated the role of moral-cognitive features in understanding aggressive and rule-breaking behaviours in adolescents with Disruptive Behaviour Disorder (DBD). We collected two samples. The community sample was composed of 85 adolescents, whereas the DBD sample was composed of 30 adolescents. Compared with a community sample, adolescents with DBD are more inclined to use moral disengagement (MD) to legitimize their aggressive and rule-breaking behaviours. Moreover, regression models showed that self-enhancement values and MD foster externalizing behaviours taking into account both gender and the group they belonged to, that is, either clinical or community sample. Instead, self-transcendence values could prevent externalizing problems by inhibiting MD. Implications of these findings for assessment and therapeutic interventions are discussed.
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Mascia, Maria Lidia, Mirian Agus, Maria Assunta Zanetti, Maria Luisa Pedditzi, Dolores Rollo, Mirko Lasio und Maria Pietronilla Penna. „Moral Disengagement, Empathy, and Cybervictim’s Representation as Predictive Factors of Cyberbullying among Italian Adolescents“. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, Nr. 3 (31.01.2021): 1266. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18031266.
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This study aimed to evaluate which aspects of moral disengagement (MD), empathy, and representations of the victim’s experience (VER) could be predictors of cyberbullying (CB). One hundred and eight-nine students (11–17 years old) completed 3 self-report questionnaires: An MD scale, an empathy scale, and a CB questionnaire. In relation to the personal experience of CB, four groups were identified: Victim, bully, bully/victim, and no experience with CB. The linear bivariate correlation analysis shows correlations between empathy and VER, between empathy and MD, and between MD and VER. A multinomial logistic regression identified which predictors could increase a subject’s probability of belonging to one of the four groups regarding the personal experience of CB (victim, bully, bully/victim, no experience). Findings highlighted that low cognitive empathy might increase the probability for a student to belong to the bullies’ group, rather than the victims’ group. Furthermore, low perception of the consequences of CB on the victim might increase the probability of belonging to the bully, bully/victim, and no experience groups. Then, a high score in the diffusion of responsibility was a significant predictor of belonging to the victim group rather than the no experience group. Results from this study confirm the need for preventive measures against CB, including the empowerment of cognitive empathy, decreasing the diffusion of responsibility, and increasing the awareness of the consequences of CB on the victim.
Konferenzberichte zum Thema "Moral Disengagement (MD)"
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Luca, Andreea iuliana, und Ioana roxana Podina. „THE INFLUENCE OF MORAL FACTORS ON BULLYING BEHAVIORS IN ADOLESCENCE: THEORETICAL CONSIDERATIONS AND PROPOSAL FOR A VR INTERVENTION TO PROMOTE PERSPECTIVE-TAKING SKILLS“. In eLSE 2020. University Publishing House, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.12753/2066-026x-20-005.
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In the last decades, the widespread bullying within schools has become a global problem. Cyberbullying, especially, has known a rapid growth. In the process of understanding the factors that influence bullying behaviors, researchers have turned towards investigating the moral factors, such as "moral disengagement" (MD; Menesini et al., 2003), which is thought to contribute to the reason why, some individuals, although they express disgust and anger in response to bullying behavior and hold the belief that intervening is the right thing to do, they do not intervene in bullying situations. The objective of this research is to propose a VR based intervention, aimed at increasing prosocial behavior in bullies by improving perspective taking-skills and empathy concern. During the interactive VR training simulation program, participants will take their own perspective or the perspective of the partner in virtual reality, being instructed to try and understand their mental states. Furthermore, the situations encountered are meant to trigger feelings of disgust, anger or elevation, which is elicited by witnessing acts of moral goodness, in contrast to neutral situations, in a randomized control trial, in order to test their efficacy. By increasing the propensity to take the perspective of their partner and the empathy concern capacity, we aim to decrease the process of moral disengagement, especially in bullying and cyberbullying phenomena and increase prosocial behavior in adolescents. Further theoretical considerations of the moral emotions in phenomena such as bullying and additional utility of virtual reality in promoting social behavior among adolescents and young adults will be discussed.