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Dissertationen zum Thema "Montaigne, Michel de (1533-1592 ; écrivain) – Critique et interprétation"
Bardyn, Christophe. „Montaigne, la politique et la religion : le moyenneur de la paix“. Paris, EHESS, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012EHES0118.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe aim of this work was to determine Montaigne's position in the midst of the civil and religious wars of his time. We took for granted that, in this context, political commitment could not be separated from religious concern. As for philosophy, we suggested that Montaigne is a mitigated cynic, wich allowed us to explain some of his contradictions. In the first Part, the most significant point is the role of political authority to solve conflicts, and an utter preferences for republicanism. Reading the Essais, we understand Montaigne's political thought as centered upon the theme of frankness, both a freedom and sincerity, leading us a new towards a cynical statement. The second Part of our work bears more specifically on Montaigne's religion. We first examined the grounds of the opinion according to wich Montaigne would have been an excellent catholic. A confrontation between Montaigne and Augustine fills most of this Part of our work. The result of those analyses was that Montaigne opposes each and every fundamental thesis of Augustine, as much metaphysical ones as ethical or theological ones. Montaigne eventually appears as a thinker most concerned by the political impact of religious theses and desirous to find merely political solutions. He is a moyenneur and an irénique. His endeavor to propose an original solution to the theological-political problem of his time led to a renewal of the literary forms
Roger-Vasselin, Bruno. „L'ironie et l'humour chez montaigne dans les essais“. Paris 3, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA030036.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe object of this thesis is to demonstrate why Montaigne’ s conscience of his personal, social and literary uniqueness leads him to an attitude which combines irony and humour as a special means of distance throughout the Essais. Distanciation is to be understood as a means by which to penetrate the reality, to master its elements and difficulties, to render it more human while transposing it on a playful and ludicrous scale. All aspects of laughter share this distance which does not exclude the self implication of the user. This self implication is somewhat immunised by the power of laughter which untangles agressions on blunts the spurs of this reality. Ironic distance is called distanciation, humoristic distance understatement. The first part of this thesis deals with the various literary, social and ethical models upon which Montaigne situates himself and takes his distances. The second and third parts are focused on irony as a source of truth and humour as an element of health, neither truth nor health being incompatible. Both attitudes comprise three tendancies each which are successivly studied : irony is expressed through satire, scepticism and distanciation, humour through charge, mirth and politeness
Yamamoto, Yoshio. „Montaigne et les loci communes : pratiques de lecture et d'écriture au XVIe siècle“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 3, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023PA030047.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleOur study shows that Montaigne’s rhetoric has some relationships with commonplace-book method, which constitute an important part of school curriculum in the Sixteenth Century, and with the concept of loci communes.The first part describes the history and evolution of rhetorical concept, locus and loci communes, from antiquity to the Renaissance. After studying theories for rhetorical education written by Erasmus and Melanchthon, we outline precisely the mechanism, function and influence of commonplace-books.The second part makes analysis of the use of quotations in the Essays. Montaigne compose them with random order so that the Essays get close to miscellanies. We examine also the use of loci communes of traditional rhetoric in the Essays. Montaigne shows us a fine collaboration of rhetoric and skepticism in the chapter of « Apology of Raimond de Sebonde ». The last part places the Essays on the historical context of the second-half of sixteenth century. We envisage particularly Montaigne’s brevity of style in relation to his preference for writers of the Silver-Latin. Finally, we wish to make it clear Montaigne’s intention and objective of writing, which allow to distinguish the Essays from Commonplace-Books
Chappé, Raphaël. „Montaigne, Spinoza, Feuerbach : l’homme en question“. Paris 10, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA100164.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleI take as my starting point Althusser’s theoretical anti-humanism (directed in particular against Feuerbach) and more recent analyses on alienation, a notion that was precisely contested by Althusser insofar as it refers to humanism understood as the recognition of a subject that is self-determining. In order to shed light on what is at stake in this tension, I examine the positions of three philosophers who differentiate themselves from this “humanist” paradigm that has held a dominant position in the modern era: Montaigne, Spinoza, Feuerbach. I seek to establish that they form a historico-philosophical line and that there are historical pathways and important analogies between them. The very way they distinguish themselves respectively from doctrines of human “dignity,” from Descartes’ “real distinction,” and from the different varieties of subjectivity in German idealism entitles me to draw the comparison. These converging positions are always built on the background of a separation between philosophy and theology and are made up of both an anti-humanist perspective and a concern for constituting a natural anthropology. If man remains at the center of their discourses, they are not dealing any more with “humanist” subjectivity. Naturalizing man contributes each time to depriving him of his traditional prerogatives and to making room for conceiving what alienation amounts to. I reach the conclusion that these authors, who have put passions and sensibility in the core of man, satisfy two apparently contradictory requirements: the anti-humanist test, and the required elaboration of a concept of alienation to which they belong from a proto-historical point of view
Ordynski, Rémi. „Montaigne et les traditions de consolation, « pour moy, ou pour un autre »“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 3, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023PA030055.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleRecent research has opened the way to a better understanding of ancient consolatory traditions and the forms of their revival during the Renaissance. This dissertation aims at studying how they may have influenced Montaigne’s writings from the edition of works by La Boétie (1571-1572) to the publication of the Essais in 1595. This legacy does not only involve the reading and re-writing of ancient texts, it also establishes a dialogue with some practices that were contemporary to the author, whether they be social, philosophical or literary. The essay on consolatory traditions displays a critical analysis of these practices but also a shifting and protean experience and it singles itself out as a real assessment of these procedures. While constantly referring to the consolatory thesaurus, Montaigne also devotes himself to bending and altering these traditions which he questions without dismissing them altogether. A rhetorical analysis based on the treatises on letters (Erasm, Fabri), poetry (Scaliger) or speeches (Vossius, Keckermann) reveals the actual use, up to the last chapters and on the Bordeaux Copy, of a type of parenesis that irony alone cannot invalidate. This mode of expression connects an "I" and a "You" that do not correspond exactly to the author and the reader. In this in-between area, we can find the search for an autonomy and a singularity in the way of expressing oneself and experiencing life, a process that can only become meaningful if it calls upon and appeals to the other
Beuvier, Clément. „La notion de 'bonne foy' au XVIe siècle“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Tours, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023TOUR2021.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis thesis focuses on the notion of “bonne foy”, described in the sixteenth century as a fundamental moral, political and religious norm. From a first point of view, it refers to the requirement to keep one's word, and is at the centre of a discourse that is formed at the crossroads of law, moral philosophy and literature, whose main sources, privileged exempla and conceptual structure are analyzed in this thesis. Through the study of specific cases, the ai mis to highlight the specific content of the notion in the French context of the sixteenth century, particularly evident in literary works such as Jean de Beaubreuil's Regulus (1582) or Michel du Rit's Le Bon François (1589). A study of this kind, however, shows that the uses of “bonne foy” cannot be reduced to the paradigm of given word alone, where “bonne foy” consists first and foremost in being faithful to a word kept against all odds, according to the ideal of constancy overcoming circumstances. In the corpus we have collected, “bonne foy” consists, on the contrary, in taking account of circumstances and anything that goes beyond the strict letter of the words. This is what a legal study of the notion shows : bona fides first appeared in Roman law, and underwent a decisive theoretical development in the learned law of the Middle Ages and the Renaissance, in which it was gradually linked to the paradigm of equity. The notion is based on a certain mistrust of the consequences, contrary to what is good and true, to which an overly literal interpretation of words can lead. This aspect determines the uses of “bonne foy” outside the law, where we can observe this transposition of a moral category into the field of interpretation. This transformation of the requirement of fides that is at work in the notion constitutes the main object of this work, which explores the tension between two requirements that “bonne foy” expresses without them overlapping perfectly: on the one hand, to assert the obligatory force of the words held by men, and on the other, to subordinate the words to the intention that animates them and to the conditions of their enunciation. The “bonne foy” thus tends to be defined within a hermeneutic ethic whose two privileged processes are as follows : the recognition by someone that they were in error, and the correct interpretation of another's words. Basically, the notion is defined as a relationship to knowledge and language. The study of “bonne foy” in the Essais, which brings this work to a close, focuses on Montaigne's singular use of a notion that is closely linked to the gnoseology developed in the work, based on the recognition of ignorance
Grivel, Joseph. „A raisonnable distance : lecture de Montaigne“. Lyon 3, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990LYO31002.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe life of michel de montaigne, nobleman and author, opens with the formal break of a premature retirement. The ancient precepts, both stoical and epicurian, of a voluntarily circumspective intention are to be observed in this withdrawal into oneself. This approach especially confines the possessions of body and soul, which montaigne sees in the original terms of a marriage without hierarchy placed under the administration of judgment. Within the limits of this dominated, restricted domain, ancient philosophers traditionally threaten that any breach of confines results in changes of fortune and transports of passions. The guarantee of the self is thus paid at the price of a permanent tension that strives to reduce all designs to the self. In this over-tense attitude, montaigne's retirement refuses self-acknowledgement. It integrates a cautions distancing defined by the genteel codes of the times, which allow for close engagement in the exercise of the martial virtues. Moreover, it is surprised at the both ambitious and certain adventure of gun artillery and ocean navigation, which were the new arts of a mechanized appropriation of the distance. With montaigne, the philosopher's too rigid restraint is able to come to terms with the dominated emergence from the self, which is like alcibiades happily giving a lesson in adaptability to seneca
Lee, Seon-Hee. „Histoire et histoires dans les Essais de Montaigne“. Paris 10, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA100074.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn the Essays, Michel de Montaigne (1533-1592) reports a considerable number of stories taken from his readings, his own experiments or those taken from the people around him. The first part of this study answers the question about the types of these. The second part is mainly devoted to the examination of their sources. The last part insists on the way Montaigne appropriates the accounts of others in his text. We first see the formal aspects of them. Then we tackle the study of the fitting of the stories because we find rather particular cases like reporting a very long story, or giving the same one several times, or aligning a series of stories. Lastly, we try to define the roles the stories play in the text. We present three possibilities: they are used to illustrate one idea, they intervene as a precept or they launch or start again the reflection. Our work finishes thus on confirming the close relationship between the stories and the reflection or the opinions of Montaigne
Foglia, Marc. „La formation du jugement chez Montaigne“. Paris 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA010620.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleJoly, Elisabeth. „Une stratégie de la relation amoureuse dans les "Essais" de Montaigne“. Bordeaux 3, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003BOR30014.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleA feeling of inadequacy caused by the physical experience of smallness, the fascinating examples of great men arouse in Montaigne a wish to reach himself greatness and to find in it recognition and love. Through the paradoxical ostentation of weaknesses, writing offers himto impose his singularity and show some presumptuousness. Yet his excessive desire becomes source of an impotence, against which he fights thanks to repressive and avoiding methods, up to its near annihilation by desease and old age, up to a balance between the tension of desire and his ability to satisfy it. Through the different periods of writing, arises a new side of desire : feeling, that appears through avowals of tenderness, the contradictory combination of obscenity and decency or reference to courtly model. Writing allows to achieve a love relation thanks to a favoured adress to women, stylistic and rhetoric means and leads to a phantasmatic begetting
Bücher zum Thema "Montaigne, Michel de (1533-1592 ; écrivain) – Critique et interprétation"
Philippe, Desan, Hrsg. Montaigne. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1991.
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