Zeitschriftenartikel: „Moisture“

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Hatton, Thomas J., Neil R. Viney, E. A. Catchpole und Neville J. De Mestre. „The Influence of Soil Moisture on Eucalyptus Leaf Litter Moisture“. Forest Science 34, Nr. 2 (01.06.1988): 292–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/forestscience/34.2.292.

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Abstract An experiment was carried out to test the assumption that surface soil moisture affects fine dead fuel moisture. A randomized block design was used to test the response in Eucalyptus leaf moisture to two levels of soil moisture over a range of exposures to the sun, wind, and soil surface. Soil moisture clearly influenced daily leaf fuel moisture minima and maxima. The effect on daily minima was most pronounced for the bottom of the litter layer, which was shielded from the sun and wind and in contact with the soil. The effect of soil moisture on daily fuel moisture maxima was most pronounced for exposed samples. The responses in fuel moisture due to exposure and soil moisture were compared with fine fuel moistures predicted by three fuel moisture models. The various treatment combinations of soil moisture and exposure produced fuel moistures that varied too widely for any of the tested fuel moisture models to be consistently most accurate. For. Sci. 34(2):292-301.

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Gumma, Miss Rachana, Miss Rutuja Magar und Miss Anuradha Dhavan Prof Jagtap S. C. „Development of Grain Moisture meter with Moisture and Price Display“. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development Volume-2, Issue-3 (30.04.2018): 2023–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.31142/ijtsrd11587.

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3

Egger, Joseph. „The moisture torque“. Meteorologische Zeitschrift 15, Nr. 6 (20.12.2006): 671–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/0941-2948/2006/0131.

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Li, Xin, Yudong Lu, Xiaozhou Zhang, Rong Zhang, Wen Fan und Wangsheng Pan. „Influencing Factors of the Spatial–Temporal Variation of Layered Soils and Sediments Moistures and Infiltration Characteristics under Irrigation in a Desert Oasis by Deterministic Spatial Interpolation Methods“. Water 11, Nr. 7 (17.07.2019): 1483. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w11071483.

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Soil moisture is the main limiting factor for crop growth and the sustainable development of oases in arid desert areas. Therefore, the temporal and spatial variation and infiltration laws of oasis soil moisture should be studied. The objective of this study is to reveal the influencing factors of the spatial–temporal variation of layered soil and sediment moisture and infiltration characteristics under irrigation in desert oases. Hydraulic conductivities were measured using the double-ring infiltrometer, while the regional and site soil moistures were measured and calibrated using weighted method and neutron moisture meter. Deterministic spatial interpolation methods, including multiquadric radial basis function, inverse distance weighted, and local polynomial regression isogram, were adopted to map the regional distribution of hydraulic conductivities, spatial soil moistures, and spatial–temporal isogram of the point site soil moistures in Yaoba Oasis, respectively. Results showed that the leading influencing factors of the (1) regional spatial soil moisture were soil and sediment permeability, stream link direction, microclimate, and dewfalls; (2) spatial layered soil and sediment moistures were microclimate and dew condensation; and (3) spatial–temporal variation at the point site profiles were soil texture, water requirement, and preferential flow. Under irrigation, soil moisture increased significantly, in which the maximum increase was 10.8 times the original state, while the recharging depth substantially increased up to 580 cm with the preferential flow. The spatial–temporal variation of the soil moisture under irrigation indicated that the best irrigation frequency should be 15 days per time. Moreover, the infiltration process can be divided into the preferential flow, piston flow, and balanced infiltration stages.

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Yang, Kun, Toshio Koike, Ichirow Kaihotsu und Jun Qin. „Validation of a Dual-Pass Microwave Land Data Assimilation System for Estimating Surface Soil Moisture in Semiarid Regions“. Journal of Hydrometeorology 10, Nr. 3 (01.06.2009): 780–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2008jhm1065.1.

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Abstract This study examines the capability of a new microwave land data assimilation system (LDAS) for estimating soil moisture in semiarid regions, where soil moisture is very heterogeneous. This system assimilates the Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer for Earth Observing System (AMSR-E) 6.9- and 18.7-GHz brightness temperatures into a land surface model (LSM), with a radiative transfer model as an observation operator. To reduce errors caused by uncertainties of system parameters, the LDAS uses a dual-pass assimilation algorithm, with a calibration pass to estimate major model parameters from satellite data and an assimilation pass to estimate the near-surface soil moisture. Validation data of soil moisture were collected in a Mongolian semiarid region. Results show that (i) the LDAS-estimated soil moistures are comparable to areal averages of in situ measurements, though the measured soil moistures were highly variable from site to site; (ii) the LSM-simulated soil moistures show less biases when the LSM uses LDAS-calibrated parameter values instead of default parameter values, indicating that the satellite-based calibration does contribute to soil moisture estimations; and (iii) compared to the LSM, the LDAS produces more robust and reliable soil moisture when forcing data become worse. The lower sensitivity of the LDAS output to precipitation is particularly encouraging for applying this system to regions where precipitation data are prone to errors.

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Sakvarelidze, Amiran. „Determining Basalt Fiber Concrete Moisture Conductivity Characteristics“. Works of Georgian Technical University, Nr. 3(529) (27.09.2023): 115–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.36073/1512-0996-2023-3-115-122.

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Issues concerning cement-based composites basalt fiber concrete’s moisture conductivity are studied in the article. Composites moisture conductivity parameters (moisture diffusion, moisture transfer and relative moisture transfer coefficients) are identified by drying testing on specimens. Experiments are conducted by testing specimens of ( 0t 28 = day age) and containing moisture of ( W 4.5% 0 = according to mass) on drying. Specimens were dried up in the environment of 20% relative humidity. Drying process duration was (190 days) till the equilibrium moister content was met, when moisture transfer (drying) between environment and specimen stops, W 1% C = (according to mass). During drying process moisture loss in specimens were identified with periodic weighing. Cylindrical specimens (with isolated endings) were experiencing drying process from free lateral surfaces. Weight experiment data analyses determined curve of basal fiber concrete moister content changes in time. Parallel to tests cylinders moisture content change was calculated theoretically at any point in time for χ - coefficient’s different values. N number of theoretical curves is received. By comparing and analyzing experimental and theoretical data such a value of χ - coefficient is chosen that can ensure that theoretical curve can reflect experimental curve as much as possible. On the bases of a given data with corresponding formulas moisture conductivity characteristics of basalt fiber concrete: (moisture diffusion, moisture transfer and relative moisture transfer) values are determined.

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Mirzasharifovna, Kipchakova Gavharay. „THREE-WAVE MOISTURE METER“. International Journal of Advance Scientific Research 02, Nr. 12 (01.12.2022): 73–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/ijasr-02-12-11.

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Synchronous detectors are controlled by pulses from the corresponding power generator and, therefore, a signal is allocated that is proportional to the reflected radiation flux at the corresponding wavelength, which is then fed to the input of the information processing unit.

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8

Watwood, Mary E., John W. Fitzgerald und Wayne T. Swank. „Effects of moisture content on sulfate generation and retention in hardwood forest upper soil horizons“. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 18, Nr. 6 (01.06.1988): 823–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x88-126.

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The influence of moisture on organic S mineralization and the fate of both mineralization-derived and added sulfate were examined in A and B horizon soil samples from a hardwood forest. The sulfur-containing amino acid methionine was chosen to study organic S mineralization. 35S-labelled sulfate or methionine was added to field-moist samples, which were then suction dried to contain between 2 and 80% moisture. Both added sulfate-S and sulfate-S released by methionine mineralization was incorporated into organic matter, and the highest levels of organic S formed were observed for those A and B horizon samples containing between 25 and 35% moisture. The A horizon incorporated much less added sulfate under very dry than under extremely moist conditions. The B horizon exhibited substantial decreases under both extreme moisture regimes. At moisture contents over 30%, high levels of methionine mineralization were observed, and at lower moisture contents mineralization decreased substantially. For soil moistures lower than 10 and 20% for the A and B horizons, respectively, most of the added methionine remained nonmineralized following incubation. In addition to mineralization, a portion of the added methionine was also incorporated directly into organic matter. The highest levels of this incorporation were achieved at soil moistures between 20 and 35%.

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Chrosciewicz, Z. „Prediction of forest-floor moisture content on jack pine cutovers“. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 19, Nr. 2 (01.02.1989): 239–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x89-033.

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Moisture contents of organic forest-floor materials were studied by strata on a clear-cut jack pine (Pinusbanksiana Lamb.) site in relation to slash distribution and changes in both duff moisture code and fine fuel moisture code, the two weather-based components of the Canadian Forest Fire Weather Index System. The best-fitting curvilinear regression (Y = a + b/X) of the duff moisture code showed distinctive patterns of variation, so that both the surface and subsurface forest-floor strata were consistently moister under slash cover than in slash openings, and for each of these two slash conditions, the subsurface forest-floor strata were consistently moister than the surface strata. Combinations of these materials down to mineral soil showed intermediate moisture contents both in slash openings and under slash cover. The straight line regression (Y = a + bX) of the fine fuel moisture code was the best-fitting moisture content relationship for the surface forest-floor materials, but only in slash openings; under slash cover, the curvilinear regression (Y = a + b/X) of the duff moisture code was more suitable. The coefficients of correlation, r, as derived from these varied regressions, were all very highly significant at P < 0.001.

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Hervai, András, Ervin Pirkhoffer, Szabolcs Ákos Fábián, Ákos Halmai, Gábor Nagy, Dénes Lóczy und Szabolcs Czigány. „Interpolation and 3D visualization of soil moisture“. Landscape & Environment 11, Nr. 1 (31.12.2017): 23–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.21120/le/11/1/3.

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Adaptation to climate change demands the optimal and sustainable water management in agriculture, with an inevitable focus on soil moisture conditions. In the current study we developed an ArcGIS 10.4. platform-based application (software) to model spatial and temporal changes in soil moisture in a soy field. Six SENTEK Drill & Drop soil moisture sensors were deployed in an experimental field of 4.3 hectares by the contribution of Elcom Ltd. Soil moisture measurement at each location were taken at six depths (5, 15, 25, 35, 45 and 55 cm) in 60-minute intervals. The model is capable to spatially interpolate monitored soil moisture using the technique. The time sequence change of soil moistures can be tracked by a Time Slider for both the 2D and 3D visualization. Soil moisture temporal changes can be visualized in either daily or hourly time intervals, and can be shown as a motion figure. Horizon average, maximum and minimum values of soil moisture data can be identified with the builtin tool of ArcGIS. Soil moisture spatial distribution can be obtained and plotted at any cross sections, whereas an alarm function has also been developed for tension values of 250, 1,000 and 1,500 kPa.

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Whitehead, Wayne F., und Bharat P. Singh. „VEGETABLE AMARANTH PERFORMANCE AT DIFFERENT SOIL MOISTURE LEVELS“. HortScience 27, Nr. 11 (November 1992): 1176c—1176. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.27.11.1176c.

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The effects of differing soil moisture levels on the vegetative components of vegetable amaranth, Amaranthus tricolor RRC no. 241, were evaluated. A completely randomized design with 10 replications and 4 treatments (3,6,13, & 18% soil moisture) was followed. Leaf, stem, plant, root fresh weight and leaf area (LFW, SFW, PFW, RFW, and LA, respectively)—were recorded 48 days after planting. For each of the vegetative components the only significant difference (P ≤ 0.05) occurred between 3% versus 6-18% soil moistures, with moisture level of 6-18% showing no significant variation among themselves. The mean ranges for LFW (28.3-32.7 g), STW (6.9-9.2 g), PFW (41.3-48.2 g), RFW (8.6-12.8 g), and LA (1049-1222 cm2) across 6-18% soil moisture were approximately four times greater than the vegetative components of 3% soil moisture. From these preliminary results, it appears that vegetable amaranth has the ability to grow and perform well over a 6-18% soil moisture range, indicating an ability to better adjust and adapt to changing soil moisture environments.

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Wotton, B. Mike, und Jennifer L. Beverly. „Stand-specific litter moisture content calibrations for the Canadian Fine Fuel Moisture Code“. International Journal of Wildland Fire 16, Nr. 4 (2007): 463. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wf06087.

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A large dataset of litter moisture measurements collected at several sites across Canada by the Canadian Forest Service over the period from 1939 to 1961 is analysed. The stands in which sampling was carried out were described by three main variables: forest type (pine, spruce, Douglas fir, mixedwood and deciduous), season (spring, summer and fall), and stand density (light, moderate and dense). All three variables were found to have a significant influence on the relationship between the Canadian Forest Fire Weather Index System’s Fine Fuel Moisture Code (FFMC) and surface litter moisture. Moisture in the upper duff layer was also found to have a significant influence on the relationship between FFMC and litter moisture content, with a wetter duff layer leading to moister surface conditions than would be indicated by the FFMC value. A model for litter moisture is developed, which provides a method of adjusting the standard FFMC value for the influences of forest type, stand density, season and duff moisture content.

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Kumar, Ch Sravan, K. V. Prakash, Sanjeeva Reddy, Sushilendra, P. Vijaykumar, Krishnamurty und M. Nemichandrappa. „Bending and cutting characteristics of the Cotton stalk“. Ecology, Environment and Conservation 28 (2022): 51–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.53550/eec.2022.v28i07s.009.

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The bending stress, modulus of elasticity and cutting energy was measured for Cotton stalks. The bending force was measured by a cantilever beam test in field at different moistures contents and at height of 100 mm and different stalkgirths, the bending stress and modulus of elasticity was determined from these data. The cutting energy was measured by using pendulum impact tester. Maximum bending stress of 7.85 MPa was observed at 26 mm stalk girth with 10 ±5 % (w.b) moisture content. Minimum bending stress of 2.55 MPa was observed at 14 mm girth with 30±5 %(w.b) moisture content. Maximum modulus of elasticity of 40.29 MPa was observed at 26 mm girth with 10±5 % %(w.b) moisture content. Minimum modulus of elasticity of 23.14 MPa was observed at 14 mm girth with 30±5 % (w.b) moisture content. It was observed that the maximum cutting energy of 583.37 kJ were observed for 26 mm stalk girth with 10 ±5 % (w.b) moisture content and minimum cutting energy of 72.32 kJ was observed at 30 ± 5 % (w.b) moisture content (w.b) for 14 mm stalk girth. Bending stress increased as the stalk girth increased and decreased as the moisture content increased. Modulus of elasticity increased as the stalk girth increased and decreased as the stalk moisture increased. The cutting energy of cotton stalk increased as the moisture content decreased and the stalk girth increased. The velocity of cut increased as the stalk girth increased at all three moisture contents.

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Sakvarelidze, Amiran. „Cement-based Composites Moisture Conductivity Theory“. Works of Georgian Technical University, Nr. 3(529) (27.09.2023): 103–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.36073/1512-0996-2023-3-103-114.

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It is important to establish cement-based composites moisture conductivity theory and to determine its parameters at different influences and loads to create comprehensive and improved construction calculation methods. A number of works are dedicated to the issues concerning building materials moisture transfer. It is worth mentioning that the whole raw of regularities need further clarification and study. It is necessary to develop moisture conductivity theory, which mathematical apparatus will be the base for determining the real picture of cement-based composites moisture transfer. The issues concerning the processes of cement-based composites moisture transfer are investigated in the article. It is determined that in cements easy loads within the limits of environmental relative humidity have no impact on the processes of moisture transfer. Composites moisture conductivity theory is created. A system of differential equations that precisely depicts the real picture of materials moisture conductivity is developed. Formulas determine temperature’s (T), moisture’s (W) and hydrostatic pressure’s (P) gradients impact on composites moisture conductivity in every available aspect. Formulas create closed system – three equations for three functions T, W and P. More compact formula of those equations is developed. In formulas coefficient values are given.

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Zhong, Linhao, Lijuan Hua und Dehai Luo. „Local and External Moisture Sources for the Arctic Warming over the Barents–Kara Seas“. Journal of Climate 31, Nr. 5 (März 2018): 1963–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-17-0203.1.

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Water vapor is critical to Arctic sea ice loss and surface air warming, particularly in winter. Whether the local process or poleward transport from lower latitudes can explain the Arctic warming is still a controversial issue. In this work, a hydrological tool, a dynamical recycling model (DRM) based on time-backward Lagrangian moisture tracking, is applied to quantitatively evaluate the relative contributions of local evaporation and external sources to Barents–Kara Seas (BKS) moisture in winter during 1979–2015. On average, the local and external moistures explain 35.4% and 57.3% of BKS moisture, respectively. The BKS, Norwegian Sea, and midlatitude North Atlantic are the three major sources and show significant increasing trends of moisture contribution. The local moisture contribution correlates weakly to downward infrared radiation (IR) but significantly to sea ice variation, which suggests that the recent-decade increase of local moisture contribution is only a manifestation of sea ice melting. In contrast, the external moisture contribution significantly correlates to both downward IR and sea ice variation, thus suggesting that meridional moisture transport mainly explains the recent BKS warming. The moisture contributions due to different sources are governed by distinct circulation patterns. The negative Arctic Oscillation–like pattern suppresses external moisture but favors local evaporation. In the case of dominant external moisture, a well-organized wave train spanning from across the midlatitude Atlantic to mid–high-latitude Eurasia has the mid–high-latitude components similar to a positive-phase North Atlantic Oscillation with a Ural blocking to the east. Moreover, the meridional shift of the wave train pathway and the spatial scale of the wave train anomalies determine the transport passage and strength of the major external moisture sources.

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Arafat, Arafat, und Ibrahim Ibrahim. „SISTEM ALAT MONITORING UNTUK PENGENDALI SUHU DAN KELEMBABAN GREENHOUSE BERBASIS INTERNET OF THINGS“. INFO-TEKNIK 21, Nr. 1 (15.08.2020): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.20527/infotek.v21i1.8961.

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Greenhouse is an agricultural technology to protect plants from uncertain weather, with the Greenhouse will be able to maintain and distribute temperature, soil moisture, sunlight, and air humidity evenly with an optimal level. Even so the environmental conditions inside the Greenhouse will always change due to the influence of the weather environment outside the Greenhouse which is uncertain, so there is a need for monitoring so that plants inside the Greenhouse can grow optimally. With IoT (Internet of Things) technology, Greenhouse farmers do not need to visit the Greenhouse to monitor and control the environment inside the Greenhouse. This is because with the IoT technology Greenhouse farmers can monitor and control v1ia an Android smart phone. The things that can be monitored are temperature, humidity of the room, soil moisture, sunlight, water discharge, and soil moisture, besides that farmers can also control the temperature and humidity of the Greenhouse environment, as well as the provision of water to plants in the Greenhouse. The system used in this study uses ESP32 as a control center and uses DHT11, Soil Moisture, as a sensor to measure IoT temperaturei, humidityi and soil moisture in the greenhousei. As a control in the greenhouse there are two control outputs, namely water pump 1 and water pump 2. ESP32 will read the temperature, humidity and soil moisture sent from the DHT11 sensor which will determine whether the water pump will turn on or not. To read the soil moisturei sensor used is capacitivei soil moisturei, if the soil moisture reaches a predetermined threshold, the water pump 2 will turn on and drain the water into a poly bag through drip drops.

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Carrera, Marco L., Bernard Bilodeau, Stéphane Bélair, Maria Abrahamowicz, Albert Russell und Xihong Wang. „Assimilation of Passive L-band Microwave Brightness Temperatures in the Canadian Land Data Assimilation System: Impacts on Short-Range Warm Season Numerical Weather Prediction“. Journal of Hydrometeorology 20, Nr. 6 (30.05.2019): 1053–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jhm-d-18-0133.1.

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Abstract This study examines the impacts of assimilating Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) L-band brightness temperatures (TBs) on warm season short-range numerical weather prediction (NWP) forecasts. Focusing upon the summer 2015 period over North America, offline assimilation cycles are run with the Canadian Land Data Assimilation System (CaLDAS) to compare the impacts of assimilating SMAP TB versus screen-level observations to analyze soil moisture. The analyzed soil moistures are quantitatively compared against a set of in situ sparse soil moisture networks and a set of SMAP core validation sites. These surface analyses are used to initialize a series of 48-h forecasts where near-surface temperature and precipitation are evaluated against in situ observations. Assimilation of SMAP TBs leads to soil moisture that is markedly improved in terms of correlation and standard deviation of the errors (STDE) compared to the use of screen-level observations. NWP forecasts initialized with SMAP-derived soil moistures exhibit a general dry bias in 2-m dewpoint temperatures (TD2m), while displaying a relative warm bias in 2-m temperatures (TT2m), when compared to those forecasts initialized with soil moistures analyzed with screen-level temperature errors. Largest impacts with SMAP are seen for TD2m, where the use of screen-level observations leads to a daytime wet bias that is reduced with SMAP. The overall drier soil moisture leads to improved precipitation bias scores with SMAP. A notable deterioration in TD2m STDE scores was found in the SMAP experiments during the daytime over the Northern Great Plains. A reduction in the daytime TD2m wet bias was found when the observation errors for the screen-level observations were increased.

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Burns, Laura. „Moisture: Introduction“. Leonardo 37, Nr. 5 (Oktober 2004): 364–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/0024094041955944.

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Hashida, Hiroshi, Kyouji Tanaka und Michio Koike. „Concrete — moisture“. Batiment International, Building Research and Practice 18, Nr. 5 (September 1990): 303–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01823329008727062.

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Chariker, Mark. „Moisture Balance“. Advances in Skin & Wound Care 22, Supplement (Januar 2009): 9–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.asw.0000323601.26712.78.

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C, UMA MAHESWARI, und RAMAKRISIINAN G. „FACTORS INFLUENCING THE COMPETITIVE SAPROPHYTIC ABILITY OF MACROPHOMINA PHASEOLINA IN GROUNDNUT“. Madras Agricultural Journal 86, December (1999): 552–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.29321/maj.10.a00655.

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The influence of moisture levels, inoculum potential and incubation period on the competitive saprophytic ability of Macrophomine phaseolina was studied. Experimental results revealed that in both levels of inoculum i.e.,50 & 100 g/kg of soil the saprophytic survival of Macriphomina phaseolina on groundnut stem bits was maximum at 40 % moisture levels as against 60 and 80% moistures levels. CSA was increasing with increase in incubation period at 40 per cent while it decreased progressively with increase in incubation period at 60 and 80% moisture levels. However variation in the diseases incidence was observed according to level of inoculum added.

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Rahman, Mohammad Mahfuzur, und Minjiao Lu. „Characterizing Soil Moisture Memory by Soil Moisture Autocorrelation“. Journal of Water Resource and Hydraulic Engineering 4, Nr. 1 (15.01.2015): 83–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.5963/jwrhe0401007.

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Senda, Naomi, und Hisaaki Kanetsuna. „Moisture Permeation through Clothing Leathers and Moisture Absorption“. FIBER 56, Nr. 1 (2000): 38–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.2115/fiber.56.38.

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Yoon, Samson, Bongtae Han und Zhaoyang Wang. „On Moisture Diffusion Modeling Using Thermal-Moisture Analogy“. Journal of Electronic Packaging 129, Nr. 4 (24.04.2007): 421–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2804090.

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Thermal-moisture analogy schemes for a moisture diffusion analysis are reviewed. Two schemes for practical applications are described using the governing equations of heat and mass diffusions: (1) direct analogy and (2) normalized analogy. The schemes are implemented to define valid domains of application. The results corroborate that the direct analogy is valid only for single-material systems, but the normalized analogy can be extended to multimaterial systems if thermal loading conditions are isothermal, spatially as well as temporally.

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Drchalová, J., O. Kapičková, F. Vodák und T. Klečka. „Moisture and temperature dependence of the moisture diffusivity“. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 33, Nr. 9 (September 1990): 2053–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0017-9310(90)90236-n.

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Rossa, Carlos G., Paulo M. Fernandes und Anita Pinto. „Measuring foliar moisture content with a moisture analyzer“. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 45, Nr. 6 (Juni 2015): 776–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfr-2014-0545.

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Near-instantaneous estimation of the moisture content of live fuels is complicated because of the large control exerted by physiological mechanisms. The commonly accepted reference method for measuring fuel moisture content is oven drying, which is time consuming. This study evaluates the use of a moisture analyzer (ML-50, A&D Company, Limited, Tokyo, Japan) for measuring the foliar moisture content of two common European species. The moisture of live leaves of Arbutus unedo L. (strawberry tree) and Quercus robur L. (pedunculate oak) was measured within a period of 15 min using two drying temperatures and compared with the oven-dried value. Correction factors were determined for estimating the oven-dried moisture content based on the measurement by the moisture analyzer. The power delivered during the drying process plays an important role in the moisture measured by the analyzer in relation to the oven-dried value. Increasing the drying time beyond the minimum period necessary for obtaining a reliable prediction of the oven-dried moisture does not significantly change the moisture measured at lower temperatures. The moisture analyzer is able to estimate the live foliage moisture content with high accuracy.

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Verhoff, Jonathan, Karthik Ramani, Norman Blank und Steven Rosenberg. „Moisture durability of four moisture cure urethane adhesives“. Journal of Adhesion Science and Technology 16, Nr. 4 (Januar 2002): 373–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156856102760067172.

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Haidong, Wang, Tao Yang, Wang Deyue, Sun Xin und Gao Jiahui. „Experimental Study on Mechanical Properties of Briquette Coal Samples with Different Moisture Content“. Geofluids 2021 (17.02.2021): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6634378.

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Coal seam water injection is an important technical method to prevent and control coal and gas outburst and other disasters. Water can soften coal and change its mechanical properties. In order to study the mechanical properties of coal samples with different moisture content, briquette coal samples with five moistures content (4%, 6%, 8%, 10%, and 12%) were selected to carry out triaxial compression tests under different confining pressures (0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 0.8, and 1.2 MPa). Then, the mechanical response mechanism of the water-bearing briquette coal was analyzed. The results show that the slope of the linear elastic stage of the stress-strain curve gradually decreases with the increase of moisture content. Water-bearing coal exhibits strain strengthening characteristics under high confining pressure, which transforms the water-bearing coal from brittle to ductile state. The peak stress under different moisture content conditions shows a linear relationship with the confining pressure. The internal friction angle decreases linearly with the increase of moisture content. The cohesion varies parabolically with the increase of moisture content and reaches the maximum value when the moisture content is 8%. The coal body with moisture content between 7% and 9% has a high bonding force, which is beneficial to the consolidation of the coal body. Therefore, ensuring a reasonable moisture content of coal through coal seam injection can provide a basis for preventing coal and gas outburst.

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Han, Guolin, Jialin Wang, Yuying Pan, Na Huang, Ziyuan Zhang, Ruiqi Peng, Zizhong Wang et al. „Temporal and Spatial Variation of Soil Moisture and Its Possible Impact on Regional Air Temperature in China“. Water 12, Nr. 6 (24.06.2020): 1807. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12061807.

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Soil moisture is closely related to the hydrosphere, atmosphere, and biosphere, which makes it one of the most significant climate variables. Using data from the National Environmental Forecasting Center (NCEP), this paper analyzes the temporal and spatial characteristics of soil moisture at a depth of 0–10 cm in China for the period of 1948 to 2014. In addition, the soil moisture’s possible interaction with air temperature is explored. Mainly using statistical analysis, the results showed that annual soil moisture decreased significantly (p < 0.01) in most areas. The tendency of decreasing soil moisture was relatively higher in spring and autumn than that in summer and winter. As to the national annual average soil moisture, there was a sudden change in the 1970s. The soil moisture had a relatively high value with a larger deviation before the abrupt change, but after that, the soil moisture was at a relatively low level with a smaller deviation. It was also found that the soil moisture at 0–10 cm showed a negative correlation with the 2-m air temperature above ground in the northern part of China, where the speed of the temperature rise was higher. The results are expected to help improve the understanding of the link between regional soil moisture variation and climate change.

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Jolly, W. Matt. „Sensitivity of a surface fire spread model and associated fire behaviour fuel models to changes in live fuel moisture“. International Journal of Wildland Fire 16, Nr. 4 (2007): 503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wf06077.

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Fire behaviour models are used to assess the potential characteristics of wildland fires such as rates of spread, fireline intensity and flame length. These calculations help support fire management strategies while keeping fireline personnel safe. Live fuel moisture is an important component of fire behaviour models but the sensitivity of existing models to live fuel moisture has not been thoroughly evaluated. The Rothermel surface fire spread model was used to estimate key surface fire behaviour values over a range of live fuel moistures for all 53 standard fuel models. Fire behaviour characteristics are shown to be highly sensitive to live fuel moisture but the response is fuel model dependent. In many cases, small changes in live fuel moisture elicit drastic changes in predicted fire behaviour. These large changes are a result of a combination of the model-calculated live fuel moisture of extinction, the effective wind speed limit and the dynamic load transfer function of some of the fuel models tested. Surface fire spread model sensitivity to live fuel moisture changes is discussed in the context of predicted fire fighter safety zone area because the area of a predicted safety zone may increase by an order of magnitude for a 10% decrease in live fuel moisture depending on the fuel model chosen.

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Shen, Guo Min, Chun Fang Lu und Yi Wang. „The Influence of Heat and Moisture Transfer in Soil on the Performance of the Ground Heat Exchanger“. Advanced Materials Research 594-597 (November 2012): 2120–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.594-597.2120.

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In this paper, a numerical heat and moisture transfer model (HMTM) and a pure conduction model (PCM) were established separately for unsaturated soil around the ground heat exchanger (GHE) and were numerically solved by finite volume method. The simulation results indicate that rejecting heat into soil can reduce moisture content in the vicinity of the borehole wall. When the initial moisture content is high, moister transfer has little effect on soil thermal properties. In this case, the results of the HMTM and the PCM are basically identical. On the contrary, when the initial moisture content is low, the thermal effect has significant influence on moisture transfer around the borehole wall, and the soil thermal properties will change correspondingly. In this case, there is a large difference between the results of these two models.

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Yi, Xiaobo, Ji Luo, Pengyan Wang, Xiao Guo, Yuanjie Deng, Tao Du, Haijun Wang, Cuicui Jiao, Guofu Yuan und Mingan Shao. „Spatial and Temporal Variations in Soil Moisture for a Tamarisk Stand under Groundwater Control in a Hyper-Arid Region“. Water 15, Nr. 19 (28.09.2023): 3403. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w15193403.

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In hyper-arid regions, soil moisture’s role in ecohydrological processes can differ significantly from that in arid or semi-arid ecosystems. We investigated the spatial–temporal dynamics of soil moisture and its relationship with groundwater depths in a 200 m × 300 m phreatophytic tamarisk stand in the lower basin of the Tarim River, a hyper-arid zone in China. Soil moisture profiles, from the surface to the water table, were derived using drilling and oven-drying techniques. Over a three-year period, the soil moisture at multiple depths was continuously monitored in a specific plot using nine frequency domain reflectometry (FDR) sensors. Our results indicate a correlation between horizontal variations in soil moisture and groundwater depths (GWDs). Nevertheless, anomalies in this correlation were observed. Variations in horizontal soil moisture were strongly influenced by the clay content in the soil, with finer soils retaining more moisture. Despite varying GWDs, soil moisture profiles remained consistent, with no distinct correlation between them. Soil moisture exhibited stability across layers, with noticeable changes only adjacent to the water table. These results imply that in hyper-arid environments, soil texture primarily governs soil moisture distribution. However, the limited spatial and temporal scopes in our dataset, constrained by the region’s inhospitable conditions, necessitate further investigation. Future work should prioritize amalgamating diverse data sources to devise a region-specific soil moisture model for in-depth analysis of hyper-arid regions.

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Feng, Xiaohang, Xia Zhang, Zhenqi Feng und Yichang Wei. „Analyzing moisture-heat coupling in a wheat-soil system using data-driven vector autoregression model“. PeerJ 7 (11.06.2019): e7101. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.7101.

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Soil temperature and moisture have a close relationship, the accurate controlling of which is important for crop growth. Mechanistic models built by previous studies need exhaustive parameters and seldom consider time stochasticity and lagging effect. To circumvent these problems, this study designed a data-driven stochastic model analyzing soil moisture-heat coupling. Firstly, three vector autoregression models are built using hourly data on soil moisture and temperature at the depth of 10, 30, and 90 cm. Secondly, from impulse response functions, the time lag and intensity of two variables’ response to one unit of positive shock can be obtained, which describe the time length and strength at which temperature and moisture affect each other, indicating the degree of coupling. Thirdly, Granger causality tests unfold whether one variable’s past value helps predict the other’s future value. Analyzing data obtained from Shangqiu Experiment Station in Central China, we obtained three conclusions. Firstly, moisture’s response time lag is 25, 50, and 120 h, while temperature’s response time lag is 50, 120, and 120 h at 10, 30, and 90 cm. Secondly, temperature’s response intensity is 0.2004, 0.0163, and 0.0035 °C for 1% variation in moisture, and moisture’s response intensity is 0.0638%, 0.0163%, and 0.0050% for 1 °C variation in temperature at 10, 30, and 90 cm. Thirdly, the past value of soil moisture helps predict soil temperature at 10, 30, and 90 cm. Besides, the past value of soil temperature helps predict soil moisture at 10 and 30 cm, but not at 90 cm. We verified this model by using data from a different year and linking it to soil plant atmospheric continuum model.

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DINCER, IBRAHIM. „Moisture Loss from Wood Products During Drying—Part I: Moisture Diffusivities and Moisture Transfer Coefficients“. Energy Sources 20, Nr. 1 (Januar 1998): 67–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00908319808970044.

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Menkov, N. D., und D. I. Gelyazkov. „Moisture sorption isotherms of millet seeds“. Czech Journal of Food Sciences 18, No. 3 (01.01.2000): 86–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/8316-cjfs.

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The equilibrium moisture contents were determined for millet seeds of two cultivars using the gravimetric static method at 10, 25 and 40°C over a range of relative humidities from 0.112 to 0.868. The sorption capacity of the seeds decreased with an increase in temperature at constant relative humidity. The hysteresis effect is not distinctly expressed but statistically significant. The differences between equilibrium moisture contents of the cultivars are small. Four models were applied for analyzing the experimental data using the following equations: modified Chung-Pfost, modified Halsey, modified Oswin, and modified Henderson. The modified Chung-Pfost model was found to be the most suitable for describing the relationship between equilibrium moisture content, relative humidity and temperature.

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Tužinský, L. „Soil moisture in mountain spruce stand“. Journal of Forest Science 48, No. 1 (17.05.2019): 27–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/11854-jfs.

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Mountain forests are among the main components of natural environment in Slovakia. They grow mainly in areas with cold climate, on poor soils with unfavorable reaction, often very acidic (pH in H<sub>2</sub>O < 4.5) and with nutrient deficit. Immissions and acid rain attack forests to a great extent. Global climate changes also represent a new threat. Extremes in air temperatures, excessive amounts of precipitation or on the other hand the lack of water from precipitation, torrential rains or long-lasting drought periods are recorded as a result of a higher amount of heat energy accumulation from the greenhouse effect. Spruce forests are most endangered. Spruce with its root system concentrated in the upper soil layers, where also the highest amount of toxic elements accumulates, suffers more and more from dry and warm periods and it begins to wither due to drought. The occurrence of hydropedological cycles with a low or insufficient supply of available water in the soil is most frequent during summer (July, August). If the soil water potential values approach the value of the wilting point, an expressive decrease in transpiration is observed during the day, whereas its daily course is also suppressed. Gradual soil drying up from the upper layers towards the deepest ones of the physiological profile of soil represents a change in soil moisture stratification, especially after moistening the upper layers of soil with water from atmospheric precipitation. The deeper soil layers need not be re-saturated in such a case. Under drought the whole physiological profile of soil dries up in a relatively short time. Trees are exposed to a strong physiological stress in such conditions and after longlasting drought periods they can get into the state of total exhaustion.

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Richter, H., A. W. Western und F. H. S. Chiew. „The Effect of Soil and Vegetation Parameters in the ECMWF Land Surface Scheme“. Journal of Hydrometeorology 5, Nr. 6 (01.12.2004): 1131–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jhm-362.1.

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Abstract Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) and climate models are sensitive to evapotranspiration at the land surface. This sensitivity requires the prediction of realistic surface moisture and heat fluxes by land surface models that provide the lower boundary condition for the atmospheric models. This paper compares simulations of a stand-alone version of the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) land surface scheme, or the Viterbo and Beljaars scheme (VB95), with various soil and vegetation parameter sets against soil moisture observations across the Murrumbidgee River catchment in southeast Australia. The study is, in part, motivated by the adoption of VB95 as the operational land surface scheme by the Australian Bureau of Meteorology in 1999. VB95 can model the temporal fluctuations in soil moisture, and therefore the moisture fluxes, fairly realistically. The monthly model latent heat flux is also fairly insensitive to soil or vegetation parameters. The VB95 soil moisture is sensitive to the soil and, to a lesser degree, the vegetation parameters. The model exhibits a significant (generally wet) bias in the absolute soil moisture that varies spatially. The use of the best Australia-wide available soils and vegetation information did not improve VB95 simulations consistently, compared with the original model parameters. Comparisons of model and observed soil moistures revealed that more realistic soil parameters are needed to reduce the model soil moisture bias. Given currently available continent-wide soils parameters, any initialization of soil moisture with observed values would likely result in significant flux errors. The soil moisture bias could be largely eliminated by using soil parameters that were derived directly from the actual soil moisture observations. Such parameters, however, are only available at very few point locations.

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Huh, Man Kyu, und Byeongryong Lee. „The Change of Chlorophyll Content and Chlorophyll Efficiency in Epipremnum aureum by Water and pH“. European Journal of Botany 1, Nr. 2 (02.09.2022): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejbotany.2022.1.2.12.

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Epipremnum aureum (pothos) is an herbaceous species and is originated to tropical or subtropical South East Asia and Solomon islands. This study investigated the effect of excessive moisture on chlorophyll content and photosynthesis efficiency on E. aureum. The chlorophyll a, b, and total (chlorophyll a + b) contents were measured by using spectrophotometer. Fluorescence analysis for chlorophyll efficiency was measured with the PAM Chlorophyll Fluorometer. The chlorophyll content increases when moisture increases to 30%, but gradually decreases when it exceeds 40%. When the soil moisture was 80%, the values of chlorophyll a and b were 0.317 mg/g and 0.126 mg/g, respectively. This decreased the chlorophyll a, b, and total contents by 38.1%, 46.6%, and 36.8%, respectively, compared to 30% in 80% moisture. The chlorophyll content was highest at pH 6.5 of the soil. The content for chlorophylls a, b, and total were 0.471, 0.219, and 0.446 mg/g at pH 6.5, respectively. The correlation coefficients were subjected of the chlorophyll efficiency as a function of moistures. The change of chlorophyll efficiency in the quenched state (Fv) was also increased at 30% of moisture and then decreased steeply. The maximal possible value for fluorescence (Fm) was varied from 4310 (40% moisture) to 4220 (80% moisture). The Fm was varied from 4098 (pH 4.0) to 4356 (pH 6.5). The maximum quantum yield of photosynthesis (Fv/Fm) was varied from 0.798 (30% moisture) to 0.810 (60% moisture). The slope factors of Fo, Fm, Fv, and Fv/Fm for chlorophyll efficient indicators were 0.938, -0.806, 0.013, and 0.846, respectively. Excess watering decreased chlorophyll a, chl b, and chl (a + b) contents, and the chl a/b ratio in the E. aureum. The growth of this species was not as sensitive to pH compared to moisture.

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Sutton, Christian, Thomas M. Hamill und Thomas T. Warner. „Will Perturbing Soil Moisture Improve Warm-Season Ensemble Forecasts? A Proof of Concept“. Monthly Weather Review 134, Nr. 11 (01.11.2006): 3174–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/mwr3248.1.

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Abstract Current generation short-range ensemble forecast members tend to be unduly similar to each other, especially for components such as surface temperature and precipitation. One possible cause of this is a lack of perturbations to the land surface state. In this experiment, a two-member ensemble of the Advanced Research Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model (ARW) was run from two different soil moisture analyses. One-day forecasts were conducted for six warm-season cases over the central United States with moderate soil moistures, both with explicit convection at 5-km grid spacing and with parameterized convection at 20-km grid spacing. Since changing the convective parameterization has previously been demonstrated to cause significant differences between ensemble forecast members, 20-km simulations were also conducted that were initialized with the same soil moisture but that used two different convective parameterizations as a reference. At 5 km, the forecast differences due to changing the soil moisture were comparable to the differences in 20-km simulations with the same soil moisture but with a different convective parameterization. The differences of 20-km simulations from different soil moistures were occasionally large but typically smaller than the differences from changing the convective parameterization. Thus, perturbing the state of the land surface for this version of WRF/ARW was judged to be likely to increase the spread of warm-season operational short-range ensemble forecasts of precipitation and surface temperature when soil moistures are moderate in value, especially if the ensemble is comprised of high-resolution members with explicit convection.

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Kychkin, A. A., E. D. Vasilyeva, A. A. Vasilyeva und A. K. Kychkin. „Research of Moisture Sorption by Laminated Composite Materials“. Materials Science Forum 1082 (31.03.2023): 114–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-60ggd7.

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This article focuses on the moister sorption by laminated composites. Moisture sorption was carried out on layered polymer composite materials consisting of layers of basalt fabric and fiberglass based on epoxy-diane resin. It is shown that the process of moisture absorption for glass fiber-reinforced polymers is more intense and with a higher concentration of moisture in comparison with basalt fiber-reinforced polymer. Curves of the sorption processes of moisture absorption and water absorption are obtained. The diffusion coefficients for the corresponding processes are calculated. Alteration in the surface structure of polymer composite materials were recorded using surface topography and REM images before and after exposure in the climate of Yakutsk (Russia).

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Nguyen, Vinh Tien, Loc Nguyen Thi und Khanh Son Trinh. „Moisture Effect on Characteristics of Slowly Digestible Potato Starch Prepared under Electron Beam Irradiation“. Journal of Chemistry 2021 (04.02.2021): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6653482.

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This study evaluates the effect of initial moisture contents (11.74–29.84%) on physicochemical changes, in vitro and in vivo digestibilities of potato starch irradiated with electron beam (EB). After a constant dose of EB irradiation, intrinsic viscosity and average molecular weight of potato starch decreased for all investigated moisture contents. When the moisture of starch was lower than 18%, the depolymerization predominated, hence increasing the amylose content. At higher moisture, water can strongly absorb EB and produce highly active species that induced the crosslinking of amylose molecules and the disruption of large crystals into smaller defective crystals. As a result, we found a maximum in amylose content at 14.84% moisture and a minimum in the degree of crystallinity at 17.5% moisture. Thermal stabilities between the irradiated samples were not significantly different. In vitro digestibility results showed that higher moistures during EB treatment induced structural changes that led to the conversion of resistant starch (RS) fraction into slowly digestible starch (SDS). Moreover, an in vivo digestive model in mice showed that EB-treated starch was able to maintain blood glucose at a stable level for a long time. This study showed a potential for SDS production from potato starch using EB irradiation technology, even in large scale.

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Chen, Haiyan, Qingguo Yao, Qiqi Liu, Hao Liu und Xinyan Zhang. „Effects of Moisture Content on the Minimum Explosible Concentration of Aluminum Powder and the Related Mechanism“. Journal of Energy 2020 (19.02.2020): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/1393891.

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Aluminum powder has been widely applied to various industries. However, its high activity and high burn rate can cause serious explosion risks. Many factors affecting the explosion of aluminum powder have been determined, yet moisture content has not been included. In the present work, the minimum explosible concentrations of aluminum powders with different moisture contents were measured with a 20-liter explosion test apparatus using the explosion accident in Kunshan, China, as a study case. The experimental results suggest that the minimum explosible concentration of aluminum powder dramatically increases with the increase of its moisture content first and the increasing trend becomes slower as the moisture content further increased. The oxidation time has no significant effects on the minimum explosible concentration of aluminum power in 8 hours at room temperature. Further investigation suggests that the moisture lowers the explosion risk of aluminum powder by altering its surface oxide film, ignition, and combustion process. The low contents of moisture in the range of 0%-8% increase the minimum explosible concentration of aluminum powder by inhibiting the reaction kinetics and particle agglomeration, while high contents of moistures in the range of 8%-20% affect the minimum explosible concentration by the endothermic effect and oxygen dilution effect.

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Dias, Marcos Altomani Neves, André Kitaro Mocelin Urano, Deborah Bueno Da Silva und Silvio Moure Cicero. „INFLUENCE OF SOYBEAN SEED MOISTURE CONTENT IN THE RESPONSE TO SEED TREATMENT IN SOYBEAN“. JOURNAL OF NEOTROPICAL AGRICULTURE 5, Nr. 2 (09.07.2018): 91–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.32404/rean.v5i2.1415.

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Seed treatment (ST) is an important practice for soybean crop. This research had the objective to evaluate the influence of seed moisture content in the response to different spray volumes (SV) used for seed treatment in soybean, considering effects on seed physiological quality. Three seed lots with distinct moistures were used: 7.2%, 10.1% and 13.0%. Untreated seeds (control) and three SV were tested: 8, 13 and 18 mL kg-1. All lots received the same treatment combination, containing insecticide, fungicide, fertilizer and biostimulant. This combination represented 8 mL kg-1 of SV; the doses of 13 and 18 mL kg-1 were obtained by adding 5 and 10 mL kg-1 of water, respectively. Evaluations of seed physiological quality consisted of electrical conductivity, seed respiration, germination and vigor tests. Results of all tests demonstrates that low-moisture soybean seeds (7.2%) are negatively affected by seed treatment within an SV range of 8 to 18 mL kg-1, while untreated seeds with equal moisture are not affected. Oppositely, high-moisture seeds (13.0%) are not affected by the SV tested, while intermediate-moisture seeds (10.1%) are affected by the higher SV. This result highlights seed moisture as a key parameter to be managed before soybean ST, aiming to maintain a high physiological quality.

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Reardon, James, Gary Curcio und Roberta Bartlette. „Soil moisture dynamics and smoldering combustion limits of pocosin soils in North Carolina, USA“. International Journal of Wildland Fire 18, Nr. 3 (2009): 326. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wf08085.

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Smoldering combustion of wetland organic soils in the south-eastern USA is a serious management concern. Previous studies have reported smoldering was sensitive to a wide range of moisture contents, but studies of soil moisture dynamics and changing smoldering combustion potential in wetland communities are limited. Linking soil moisture measurements with estimates of the sustained smoldering limits of organic soils will improve our understanding of changes in ground fire potential over time. Seasonal soil moisture trends were monitored in six North Carolina coastal plain pocosin sites from January 2005 to November 2007. Measurements of the root-mat upper soil horizons were sampled at 2-week intervals while measurements of lower horizon muck (sapric) soil moisture contents and watertable depths were made with automated data logging equipment. The watertable and soil moisture responses were influenced by seasonal and yearly differences in precipitation and hydrologic factors. The maximum estimated probabilities of sustained smoldering were highest in the fall of 2007 and lowest in 2006. Watertable depth was not a consistent predictor of the smoldering combustion potential in the upper organic soil horizons. Maximum Keetch–Byram Drought Index values on all sites were between 500 and 662 during 2005 and 2007 and these values were not consistent with measured soil moistures.

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&NA;. „Peristomal Moisture-Associated Dermatitis and Periwound Moisture-Associated Dermatitis“. Journal of Wound, Ostomy and Continence Nursing 38, Nr. 5 (2011): 554–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/won.0b013e3182308f50.

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Cornick, Steve, Reda Djebbar und W. Alan Dalgliesh. „Selecting moisture reference years using a Moisture Index approach“. Building and Environment 38, Nr. 12 (Dezember 2003): 1367–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0360-1323(03)00139-2.

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Irudayaraj, Joseph, und Yun Wu. „Effect of Pressure on Moisture Transfer During Moisture Adsorption“. Drying Technology 13, Nr. 5-7 (Januar 1995): 1603–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07373939508917042.

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Xi, Yunping, Zdenňek P. Bažant, Larissa Molina und Hamlin M. Jennings. „Moisture diffusion in cementitious materials Moisture capacity and diffusivity“. Advanced Cement Based Materials 1, Nr. 6 (November 1994): 258–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/1065-7355(94)90034-5.

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Prabhavathy Settu, Et al. „A Typical Review of Current and Prospective Microwave and Optical Remote Sensing Datasets for Soil Moisture Retrieval“. International Journal on Recent and Innovation Trends in Computing and Communication 11, Nr. 9 (05.11.2023): 2469–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/ijritcc.v11i9.9316.

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Soil Moisture content is a vital indicator of both the weather and the water cycle. It has been a long-standing difficulty for the field of remote sensing to make sense of soil moisture's spatial and temporal distribution. For over five decades, researchers across the world have exclusively investigated the optical and microwave datasets for estimating soil moisture by developing various models, and algorithms. Nevertheless, challenges are faced in the consistent retrieval of SM at local, and global scales with higher accuracy in space and time resolution. The review was conducted in-depth, looking at the methods using optical and microwave data to determine soil moisture, and outlining the benefits and drawbacks considering the current needs. With this research, a new age of widespread use of space technology for remote sensing of soil moisture has been ushered in. The study also acknowledges the scientific challenges of utilizing remote sensing datasets for soil moisture measurement.

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Iori, Piero, Moacir de Souza Dias Junior, Ayodele Ebenezer Ajayi, Paulo Tácito Gontijo Guimarães, Paula Sant'Anna Moreira Pais und Maria Luiza de Carvalho Andrade. „Comparison of field and laboratory models of the load bearing capacity in coffee plantations“. Ciência e Agrotecnologia 37, Nr. 2 (April 2013): 130–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1413-70542013000200003.

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Precompression stress is an important property for assessment of tropical soil structure sustainability and is often determined in laboratory tests. The objective of this study was to compare the load bearing capacity models obtained with controlled moisture in laboratory and those obtained with natural field moistures determined a long one year. The evaluation of soil structural sustainability follows four distinct steps: soil sampling in the field, uniaxial compression test of the samples in the laboratory, determination of precompression stress and estimation of the load bearing capacity models. Laboratory estimates of precompression stress were obtained from moisture controlled in laboratory and from natural moisture determined in a field a long one year. In this process, the soil samples were saturated by capillarity with distilled water in laboratory, and after 48 hours, the samples were air dried to obtain the different moisture contents. Then, the precompression stress was determined for this both conditions. To verify if the load bearing capacity models obtained with controlled moisture in laboratory may represent the load bearing models obtained with natural field moisture, these models were compared using the homogeneity test procedure. It was observed that 75% of field models analyzed were similar to the laboratory models. Thus, due to the similarity on the load-bearing capacity models obtained using natural (field) or controlled (laboratory) moisture contents, the assessment of the soil structure sustainability can be done using both methods.

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