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1
Pavel, Lukáš. „Tvorba marketingové strategie 1.Vox,a.s“. Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-11238.
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The diploma thesis is focused on creation of marketing strategy of educational company 1. VOX, a. s. that is active a couple years in the adult education market. The main goal of the thesis is to analyze the company's current situation, then formulate a proposal for an optimal marketing strategy, which would be consistent with company objectives. The first part of the thesis is devoted to the theoretical framework - the process of marketing strategy and description of analyses used - the general and occupational external surroundings analysis, internal analysis, Porter's five forces model and SWOT analysis. The methodology part describes the methods of collecting and processing data from surveys conducted. In the practical part the author deals with the description of 1. VOX, a. s. activities and thorough analysis of internal and external environment. On the basis of these analyses the author formulates a specific marketing strategy, including proposals of deficiencies elimination and recommandations of potencial improvements.
2
Fuller, David Alfredo. „Partial evaluation and mix computation in logic programming“. Thesis, Imperial College London, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/47442.
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Velter, Aline Nadalin. „Um estudo dos determinantes ao comportamento pró-ambiental de professores universitários“. Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2011. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/4583.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível SuperiorWith the growing pressures of social actors on the degradation of the environment and that this has direct influence on quality of life, called the growing environmental movement. Committed to this movement, the eco-consumer voice their environmental concerns in their attitudes and consequently in their buying behavior, consider seeking products that cause less adverse impacts to the environment and appreciating those that are produced by environmentally responsible companies. Thus, this study sought to identify determinates that influence the purchasing behavior of university professors of business administration courses from Brazilian institutions towards pro-environmental products. To that end, was investigated the environmental awareness of consumers using the scale of the New Ecological Paradigm (NEP-Scale) developed by Dunlap and Van Liere (1978) and updated by Dunlap et al. (2000). It was also applied the scale Enoki et al. (2008) to ascertain the impact of marketing mix strategies in their purchasing behavior pro-environment. Was conducted a survey research to then test the model through the use of structural equation modeling. The findings didn t indicate a positive relationship between environmental awareness and purchasing behavior pro-environmental. However, there were positive relationships between the strategies of price, place and product and purchasing behavior in environmentally friendly, as well as the positive influence of the promotion strategy on pricing strategies, place strategies and product strategies of green marketing. In the end, it is proven that the marketing strategies are important in influencing the pro-environmental purchase behavior of the consumers.
Com o crescimento das pressões dos atores sociais sobre a degradação do meio ambiente e a interferência direta que esse tem na qualidade de vida das pessoas, cresce o chamado movimento ambientalista. Engajado a esse movimento, o consumidor ecológico manifesta as suas preocupações ambientais nas suas atitudes e, consequentemente, no seu comportamento de compra, buscando produtos que considera causarem menos impactos negativos ao meio ambiente e valorizando aqueles que são produzidos por empresas ambientalmente responsáveis. Dessa forma, este estudo buscou identificar os determinates que influenciam o comportamento de compra de professores universitários dos cursos de administração de instituições brasileiras perante produtos pró-ambientais. Para tanto, foi averiguada a consciência ambiental desses consumidores, utilizando-se a escala do Novo Paradigma Ecológico (Escala-NEP), desenvolvida por Dunlap e Van Liere (1978) e atualizada por Dunlap et al. (2000). Também foi aplicada a escala de Enoki et al. (2008) para verificar o impacto das estratégias do mix de marketing verde no comportamento de compra próambiental. Foi conduzida uma pesquisa do tipo survey para, posteriormente, testar o modelo proposto através da utilização da modelagem de equações estruturais. Os achados não indicaram uma relação positiva entre consciência ecológica e comportamento de compra próambiental do consumidor. No entanto, ocorreram relações positivas entre as estratégias de preço, praça e produto no comportamento de compra ambientalmente favorável, assim como a influência positiva da estratégia promoção nas estratégias de preço, praça e produto do mix de marketing verde. Ao final, é comprovado que as estratégias de marketing são importantes para influenciar o comportamento de compra pró-ambiental dos consumidores.
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Robati, Masoud. „Evaluation of a modification of current micro-surfacing mix design procedures“. Mémoire, École de technologie supérieure, 2012. http://espace.etsmtl.ca/980/1/ROBATI_Massoud.pdf.
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Cette etude porte sur la modification des procedures de formulation de la International Slurry
Surfacing Association (ISSA) pour les traitements de surface. Les procédures actuelles de
formulation de traitement de surface ont été évaluées en détails. La première partie de ce
travail démontre l’effet de la quantité d’émulsion, d’eau d’apport et de l’utilisation d’additifs
(ciment) sur les paramètres de formulation des traitements de surface. La deuxième partie
consiste principalement en l’établissement d’une méthode de formulation optimale selon
quatre essais de l’ISSA, soit le TB 139, le TB 113, le TB 100 et le TB 109. Les résultats ont
montrés que le TB 139 peut être utilisé pour trouver la teneur en eau optimale et que l’essai
ISSA TB 147 devrait être utilisé pour trouver la teneur en émulsion optimale.
5
Fuchs, Nina. „Messen im Marketing-Mix Faktoren für einen erfolgreichen Messeauftritt“. Saarbrücken VDM, Müller, 2005. http://deposit.d-nb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=2874396&prov=M&dok_var=1&dok_ext=htm.
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Fuchs, Nina. „Messen im Marketing-Mix : Faktoren für einen erfolgreichen Messeauftritt /“. Saarbrücken : VDM-Verl. Müller, 2006. http://deposit.d-nb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=2874396&prov=M&dok_var=1&dok_ext=htm.
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Hein, Eckhard, und Engelbert Stockhammer. „Macroeconomic policy mix, employment and inflation in a Post-Keynesian alternative to the New Consensus Model“. Inst. für Volkswirtschaftstheorie und -politik, WU Vienna University of Economics and Business, 2007. http://epub.wu.ac.at/1024/1/document.pdf.
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New Consensus Models (NCMs) have been criticised by Post-Keynesians (PKs) for a variety of reasons. The paper presents a model that synthesises several of the PK arguments. The model consists of three classes: rentiers, firms and workers. It has a short-run inflation barrier derived from distribution conflict between these classes, which is endogenous in the medium run. Distribution conflict does not only affect inflation but also income shares. On the demand side the income classes have different saving propensities. We apply a Kaleckian investment function with expected sales and internal funds as major determinants. The paper analyses short-run stability and includes medium-run endogeneity channels for the Non-Accelerating-Inflation-Rate-of-Unemployment (NAIRU): persistence mechanisms in the labour market, adaptive wage and profit aspirations, investment in capital stock and cost effects of interest rate changes. The model is used to analyse NCM and PK policy assignments and policy rules. We argue that improved employment without increasing inflation will be possible, if macroeconomic policies are coordinated along the following lines: The central bank targets distribution, wage bargaining parties target inflation and fiscal policies are applied for short- and medium-run real stabilisation purposes. (authors' abstract)Series: Department of Economics Working Paper Series
8
Calais, Linus. „The Representation of Culture : A Comparative Analysis of Cultural Representation in Swedish EFL Coursebooks“. Thesis, Jönköping University, HLK, Ämnesforskning, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-53604.
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The overall aim of this study is to analyse the cultural representation in fictional texts in three English as a Foreign Language (EFL) coursebooks written for the English 5 course in Swedish upper secondary school. The three coursebooks are Blueprint A 3.0, Pick & Mix 1, and Solid Gold 1. The study was conducted in order to compare and discuss the portrayal and representation of cultures of the English-speaking world. The method used consists of a combination of the two-stage model constructed by McDonough et al. (2013) and a qualitative content analysis. The three coursebooks were analysed through the theoretical framework of postcolonial theory. The results show that American culture is represented to a higher extent than any other culture in the included fictional works. Because of the discrepancy in representation, American culture was portrayed through various societal issues, living conditions, and cultural features. However, many other cultures of the English-speaking world were barely represented at all. Furthermore, the results show that cultures such as Indian or Irish are not included in all the coursebooks. The lack of fictional texts representing cultures of Africa included in the coursebooks further shows the discrepancy and specific focus on certain parts of the English-speaking world. Solid Gold 1 was the only one of the three coursebooks which included fictional texts discussing all cultures highlighted. Although there is a notable difference in the representation of cultures, and the number of times certain cultures are mentioned, the analysis shows that the coursebooks create many opportunities, through fictional texts, for students to learn about societal issues, cultural features, and living conditions in parts of the world where English is used, meeting the requirements of the Swedish curriculum.
9
Cacciatore, Janet. „Markteinführungsstrategien im Hochtechnologie-Konsumgütersegment : wie man Akzeptanzbarrieren überwindet und den Markterfolg vorsteuert /“. Saarbrücken : VDM, Müller, 2006. http://deposit.d-nb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=2853586&prov=M&dok_var=1&dok_ext=htm.
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MAGALHAES, MARCOS FELIPE DE SA. „SIMULATOR FOR TRAINING MARKETING DECISIONS AN EXAMPLE OF MARKETING MIX IMPLEMENTATION“. PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2003. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=3547@1.
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ESCOLA SUPERIOR DE PROPAGANDA E MARKETINGUma das dificuldades encontradas pelos professores de Marketing é demonstrar para os aluno as aplicações práticas de um certo número de princípios consagrados nos modelos teóricos, especialmente no que concerne às decisões do composto mercadológico, sua implementação e avaliação. A prática de Marketing se desenrola num cenário extremamente aberto e é difícil conseguir um mirante de onde se possa observar o campo de batalha, aonde se desenrolam estas ações competitivas. Uma vez que a natureza sistêmica do Marketing indica que os mercados estão fundamentados em uma lógica estrutural na qual cada fato, ação ou decisão, está relacionado a um modelo configurado e a um arcabouço de pilares que sustentam o mercado em si, a ação individual e seus efeitos sobre os demais participantes, este trabalho desenvolve um Simulador para Treinamento de Decisões de Marketing - STDM, objetivando cumprir um papel de ponte entre a teoria e a prática. No STDM podem ser observados alguns efeitos quantitativos, no mercado e nas organizações, das ações que forem tomadas, com a vantagem adicional de que, por se tratar de um modelo teórico, pode conter nos exemplos, informações detalhadas que seriam, quase sempre, inacessíveis no mundo real, tais como volumes precisos de vendas, custos internos e remunerações de todas as empresas concorrentes.
One of the difficulties in teaching Marketing, is how to demonstrate the practical applications of a certain number of principles consecrated in the theoretical models, especially those related to the decisions on marketing mix as well as its implementation and evaluation. Marketing practices are developed in a scenario extremely open and it is difficult to obtain an observation deck from where one could see the battle field, where the competitive actions take place. The system dynamics of Marketing indicates that markets are supported by pillars, according to a structured logic in which each fact, action or decision are related to a configured model that encompasses the specific actions and its effects. This paper develops a Simulator for Training Marketing Decisions - STDM, functioning like a bridge between theory and practice. Thru the STDM some quantitative effects can be observed in the market and organizations like the actions to be taken, with the additional advantage that being an hypothetical situation, it can contain in the examples, detailed information that would be inaccessible in the real world, such as sales volume, the internal costs and the economical results of all the competing companies.
11
Colas, Alexandre. „Implication des signaux FGF et de Mix. 1/2 dans la spécification du pronéphros chez le Xénope“. Paris 6, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA066409.
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Chez le Xénope, l’engagement des cellules mésodermiques vers un destin musculaire, sanguin ou rénal, à lieu pendant la gastrulation. Ce processus repose essentiellement sur l’exposition de ces cellules à des combinatoires de signaux (Wnt, BMP, Nodal/Activine, FGF, Acide rétinoïque) dont la nature et l’intensité, vont sceller leur destin. La première partie de mon travail de thèse a porté sur la localisation des précurseurs du rein embryonnaire (pronéphros) au sein du feuillet mésodermique au stade jeune gastrula. La deuxième partie de ce travail, s’est focalisée sur l’étude de l’influence des signaux FGF dans l’engagement des cellules mésodermiques vers un destin rénal. J’ai montré que les précurseurs du pronéphros sont exposés aux signaux FGF pendant la gastrulation, mais que ceux-ci doivent être soustraits à leur influence pendant la deuxième moitié de la gastrulation afin de s’engager vers un destin rénal. J’ai également montré que Mix. 1/2, sont impliqués dans ce processus en régulant négativement l’expression des ligands FGF4 et FGF8In Xenopus, mesodermal cell commitment toward a muscle, blood, or kidney fate takes place during gastrulation. This process relies mostly on these cells to be exposed to a combinatorial of signals (Wnt, BMP, Nodal/Activin, FGF, Retinoic acid). The nature and the intensity of this combinatorial of signals will seal their destiny. The first part of my PhD work aimed at localizing precisely embryonic kidney (pronephros) cells precursors inside the mesodermal germ layer at early gastrula stage. The second part of this work, focused on studying the role of FGF signals on pronephric cells specification during gastrulation. My results show that, pronephric precursors cells are exposed to FGF signals during gastrulation, but have to be removed from FGF influence during the second part of gastrulation. I also show that Mix. 1/2 are involved in this process by regulating negatively FGF4 and FGF8 expression
12
Schulz, Wiebke. „Motive der Markenwahl bei Lebensmitteln: Kunden zwischen Loyalität und Abwechslungsstreben /“. Berlin : Dissertation.de, 2006. http://deposit.d-nb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=2833676&prov=M&dok_var=1&dok_ext=htm.
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Adorno, Maria Angela Tallarico. „Desenvolvimento de métodos de extração e determinação de bifenilas policloradas por cromatografia gasosa e detector de captura de elétrons em óleo Ascarel, reator anaeróbio e solo“. Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18138/tde-27082014-104138/.
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Bifenilas policloradas (PCBs) são componentes de óleo ascarel, usado extensamente (no Brasil até os anos 80) como isolante em transformadores de energia devido às suas propriedades físico-químicas como estabilidade térmica e alta constante dielétrica. Apesar de ter sido proibido em todo o mundo devido à alta toxicidade dos PCBs presentes em sua composição, ainda resta grande quantidade de ascarel em circulação como resíduo \"passivo\" e resultante de contaminação em trocas dos fluidos dos transformadores, além de vazamentos. A principal forma de eliminação é por incineração, que, além de ser um processo caro, pode provocar a formação de compostos mais tóxicos, as dioxinas. Por isso é importante o monitoramento da concentração dessas substâncias, a fim de evitar maiores impactos ambientais na sua disposição, bem como em estudos de biodegradação. Esta matriz é extremamente complexa, o que torna a extração e determinação desses analitos um processo trabalhoso e difícil. Neste trabalho avaliaram-se métodos de extração e determinação de PCBs presentes na solução padrão comercial PCB Congener MIX 1, SUPELCO (PCBs 10, 28, 52, 138, 153 e 180). O desenvolvimento de métodos de extração (cromatografia em coluna, extração líquido-líquido (L-L), extração em fase sólida (SPE) e micro-extração em fase sólida - SPME) dos PCBs foi seguido da determinação, por cromatografia gasosa com detector por captura de elétrons (CG/DCE), em três matrizes diferentes: óleo ascarel, amostras provenientes de reatores anaeróbios em batelada e solo. Os métodos cuja purificação e extração diminuíram o efeito dos interferentes da matriz, como SPE - Sulfoxide, cromatografia em coluna de sílica e extração L-L com n-hexano foram validados pela avaliação dos seguintes parâmetros: linearidade e faixa de aplicação; precisão instrumental; limite de detecção, limite de quantificação e recuperação absoluta. O critério de escolha entre os métodos para extração dos PCBs do óleo que forneceram maior eficiência (cartucho SPE Sulfoxide e coluna de sílica gel, após lavagem ácida; método da adição de padrão, entre 1,0 e 4,0 mg L-1) deve considerar a disponibilidade de recursos, pois a sílica gel é mais viável economicamente do que o cartucho SPE. Os valores de R2 > 0,99 para o método de extração com sílica, mesmo tendo sido considerados apenas três pontos para a curva de calibração, atestam maior linearidade do que o método com SPE Sulfoxide (R2 entre 0,97 e 0,99). A extração L-L e determinação por CG/DCE dos PCBs (padronização interna) de amostras provenientes de reatores anaeróbios em batelada (aquosas, em matriz extremamente complexa com biomassa e espuma de poliuretano para imobilização de microrganismos) foram eficientes na faixa de concentração entre 0,05 e 0,5 mg L-1. Esse método foi adequado para monitorar PCBs em estudo de degradação anaeróbia e teste de adsorção dos PCBs em espuma; forneceu linearidade com R2 entre 0,93 e 0,96 e limites de detecção de 0,048 a 0,298 mg L-1, além de recuperação absoluta entre 14,1% e 110,7%. As condições testadas por SPME não permitiram a extração dos PCBs de óleo e de solo, principalmente devido à dessorção incompleta dos PCBs da fibra de polidimetil-siloxano, de 100 μm.Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are components of ascarel, oil widely used as insulation (until the \'80s in Brazil) due to its physicochemical properties such as thermal stability and high dielectric constant. Despite having been banned worldwide due to the high toxicity of PCBs present in its composition, there are still lots of outstanding ascarel as \"passive\" residue and resulting contamination of fluids in transformers exchanges, plus leaks. The main form of disposal is incineration, which, besides being costly, can cause the formation of more toxic compounds, that is, dioxins. It is therefore important to monitor the concentration of these substances in order to prevent further environmental impacts in their disposal, as well as in studies of biodegradation. This is an extremely complex matrix, which makes the extraction and determination of this analytes very difficult and labor intensive. In this work we have evaluated methods of extraction and determination of the PCBs present in the standard solution Congener MIX 1, SUPELCO (PCBs 10, 28, 52, 138, 153 e 180). The extraction and cleanup developed methods which reduced the effects of interfering matrix as solid phase extraction (SPE) - Sulfoxide, column chromatography on silica and liquid-liquid (L-L) extraction with n-hexane, and solid phase microextraction (SPME) after determination of the PCBs by gas chromatography with electron capture detector (GC/ECD) were validated by assessing the following parameters: linearity and range of application; instrumental precision; detection limit; limit of quantification and absolute recovery. The criterion for choosing between the methods for extraction of PCBs from the oil with a higher efficiency (SPE cartridge Sulfoxide and silica gel column, after acid washing; using the standard addition method, between 1.0 and 4.0 mg L-1) must evaluate the availability resources, since the silica gel is more economically viable than the SPE cartridge. The R2 values > 0.99 for silica extraction method, even though it was considered only three points for the calibration curve, attested higher linearity than the method with SPE Sulfoxide (R2 between 0.97 and 0.99). The L-L extraction and determination by GC/ECD of the PCBs (internal standardization) of samples from batch anaerobic reactors (aqueous, in a very complex matrix with biomass and polyurethane foam for the immobilization of microorganisms) were efficient in the concentration range between 0.05 and 0.5 mg L-1. This method was suitable to monitor PCBs in anaerobic degradation studies and its adsorption on foam; provided R2 linearity between 0.93 and 0.96 and detection limits from 0.048 to 0.298 mg L-1, as well as absolute recovery between 14.1% and 110.7%. The conditions tested for SPME technique did not allow the extraction of the PCBs from the oil and soil, mainly due to the \"incomplete dessorption\" of PCBs from the polydimethylsiloxane fiber of 100 micron.
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Sma, Nader. „"Tourisme et terrorisme - la sensibilité des voyageurs au marketing mix - le cas de la consommation de produits balnéaires par les montréalais"“. Thèse, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 2009. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/1979/1/030096575.pdf.
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Silveira, Márcia Liliane Rippel. „APROVEITAMENTO TECNOLÓGICO E COMPOSTOS BIOATIVOS DA SEMENTE DE GOIABA (Psidium guajava L.)“. Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2014. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/5765.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível SuperiorDuring the change of fresh fruits for many manufactured products in industry, several coproducts are generated. In this context, studies have been carried on in order to investigate the nutritional value of these co-products, valuing them and suggesting new alternatives of use. Thus, the purpose of this study was to investigate the use of the seeds of guava (Psidium guajava L. var. Paluma) for the extraction of oil and also their potential use as flour in cookie formulation. Moreover, the phenolic content and antioxidant capacity of seeds were evaluated. After drying and grinding the guava seeds, they were used to determine the chemical composition and the characterization of both lipid and fatty acids profile present in the seeds. The analyses of phenolic content and antioxidant capacity by DPPH and FRAP methods were performed in nine extracts prepared with the seed. The guava seed flour was obtained by seed grinding and subsequent granulometric standardization, and then analyses of the physicochemical composition were performed. The viability of the use of seed as flour was verified through the production of cookies. Formulations with 10%, 30% and 50% of guava seed flour were developed, partially replacing the wheat flour. The cookies elaborated were evaluated regarding their chemical composition as well as physical, texturometric and color characteristics. The cookies sensory analysis, made with different guava seed flour concentrations, was performed by testing the ordering concerning the preference and acceptability. In addition, a review on the product purchase intention and the index calculation of acceptability were performed. The results showed the seed is a fiber-rich material, highlighting the high content of insoluble fiber. The highest oil yield was obtained for the cold extraction with a chloroform and methanol mixture. The fatty acids found in greater quantities for all the solvents used in the extraction were: the stearic, elaidic, linoleic and palmitic acids. However, the palmitic acid was absent in the extraction with petroleum ether. The hydromethanolic extract at a temperature of 50 °C exhibited both higher phenolic content and greater antioxidant capacity by the FRAP method. The guava seed flour presented humidity content according to the standard required by Brazilian law, and also high levels of protein, fat and dietary fiber, especially the insoluble fraction. The gradual addition of this flour to cookies increased lipid and dietary fiber content, and reduced humidity, carbohydrate and energy value. The weight and post-firing diameter, as well as cookies instrumental hardness increased according to the addition of guava seed flour, and their color became darker. The elaborated cookies presented acceptable sensory properties, and the percentage of substitution used in this study was accepted by the judges amongst all sensory attributes. In conclusion, the guava seed is an alternative ingredient for using a product that is usually discarded. The flour obtained from this co-product is an alternative to partially substitute wheat flour in cookies, in order to improve its nutritional value without interfering with the sensory characteristics.
Na indústria, durante a conversão das frutas in natura em produtos industrializados são gerados muitos coprodutos. Nesse contexto, estudos têm sido conduzidos com o intuito de investigar o valor nutricional desses coprodutos, valorizando-os e sugerindo novas alternativas de utilização. Assim, a proposta do presente trabalho foi estudar o aproveitamento das sementes de goiaba (Psidium guajava L. var. Paluma) para a extração de óleo e investigar o potencial de utilização das sementes como farinha na formulação de biscoitos. Avaliou-se ainda o teor de compostos fenólicos e a capacidade antioxidante das sementes. As sementes de goiaba, após serem secas em estufa e trituradas em micromoinho, foram utilizadas para a determinação da composição química, caracterização do teor de lipídios e do perfil dos ácidos graxos. As análises do teor de compostos fenólicos e da capacidade antioxidante pelos métodos de DPPH e FRAP foram realizadas em nove extratos elaborados com a semente de goiaba. A farinha de sementes de goiaba foi obtida pela moagem da semente e posterior padronização granulométrica, sendo então realizadas as análises da composição físico-químicas. A viabilidade de utilização das sementes como farinha foi verificada a partir da elaboração de biscoitos. Foram desenvolvidas formulações com 10%, 30% e 50% de farinha de sementes de goiaba em substituição parcial à farinha de trigo, os biscoitos elaborados foram avaliados quanto à sua composição química, características físicas, texturométricas e de cor. A análise sensorial dos biscoitos elaborados com diferentes concentrações de farinha de sementes de goiaba foi realizada por meio de testes de ordenação quanto à preferência e aceitabilidade. Realizou-se ainda a avaliação da intenção de compra do produto e o cálculo do índice de aceitabilidade. Os resultados mostraram a semente como material rico em fibras, destacando o alto teor de fibra insolúvel. O maior rendimento em óleo foi obtido para a extração a frio, com a mistura de clorofórmio e metanol. Os ácidos graxos encontrados em maior quantidade para todos os solventes empregados na extração foram o esteárico, o elaídico, o linoleico e o palmítico, porém este último ausente na extração com éter de petróleo. O extrato hidrometanólico à temperatura de 50 °C exibiu o maior teor de compostos fenólicos e a maior capacidade antioxidante pelo método FRAP. A farinha de sementes de goiaba apresentou teor de umidade em acordo com o padrão exigido pela legislação brasileira e valores elevados de proteína, lipídios e fibra alimentar, com destaque para a fração insolúvel. A adição gradual desta farinha aos biscoitos elevou os teores de lipídios e fibra alimentar e reduziu os de umidade, carboidrato e valor energético. O peso e o diâmetro póscocção e a dureza instrumental dos biscoitos aumentaram com o acréscimo de farinha de sementes de goiaba e sua coloração se tornou mais escura. Os biscoitos elaborados apresentaram propriedades sensoriais aceitáveis, sendo os percentuais de substituição utilizados neste estudo aceitos pelos julgadores, dentre todos os atributos avaliados. Conclui-se que, a semente de goiaba é um ingrediente alternativo para o aproveitamento de um produto normalmente descartado. A farinha obtida a partir deste coproduto é uma alternativa para a substituição parcial da farinha de trigo em biscoitos visando melhorar seu valor nutritivo sem interferir nas características sensoriais.
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Müller-Lankenau, Claas. „Multikanalstrategien im stationären Einzelhandel : eine empirische Untersuchung in der Konsumelektronikbranche /“. Lohmar ; Köln : Eul, 2007. http://deposit.d-nb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=2941228&prov=M&dok_var=1&dok_ext=htm.
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Renner, Bärbel G. „Kommunikationspolitik im Kinderbuchmarkt eine empirische Untersuchung zu den kommunikationspolitischen Massnahmen von Kinderbuchverlagen im Kontext des Marketing-Mix“. München Peniope, 2006. http://deposit.d-nb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=2869466&prov=M&dok_var=1&dok_ext=htm.
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MENESES, Antônio Davi Barbosa de. „Concreto projetado como revestimento de túneis na Ferrovia Norte-Sul: análise segundo parâmetros de durabilidade“. Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2010. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tde/1327.
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Previous issue date: 2010-09-24The present work aims to analyse the durability parameters of the shotcrete, comparing the dry and wet projection systems, of the concrete resulting from the projection in plates and from the test specimens extracted from the tunnels structures of the North-South Railway, tract 01, in Anápolis-GO. This work considers an experimental research concerning the shotcrete behavior for dry-mix and wet-mix projection systems, by using testing indicators of the main durability parameters coming from national and international specifications. So, the experimental program involves a comparative assessment among the projection systems of current use in shotcrete, considering the comparative analysis between projected plates (control) and extracted test specimens from the tunnels on what refers to meeting the requirements related to durability. Therefore, the experimental program showed as independent variables: type of projection system (whether by means of dry-mix or wet-mix shotcrete) and the extraction of test specimen (from the control plates or from the tunnels structure). For each type of projection (dry-mix and wet-mix shotcrete), three plates were cast (normally used for concrete technological control) in conditions similar to the work-site, with the test specimens extraction been carried out according to pre-established ages. Eight test specimens were extracted from the just-builts tunnels generating thus samples to the durability associated tests, such as: capillary water absorption, immersion water absorption, concrete electric resistivity, water penetration under pressure, penetrability of chloride ions and concrete compressive strenght. Test specimens extracted from the tunnels and the from the plates were also submitted to testings of compressive strenght and mix-proportion reconstruction. The concrete extracted from tunnels showed worse results comparing to the parameters expected from the projected concrete requirements for road and rail tunnels, and it also demonstrated results which were inferior to the ones obtained from the plates. From a general assessment view, we could verify losses of durability properties of the shotcrete extracted from tunnels in reference to the projected plates.
O presente trabalho tem como objetivo analisar os parâmetros de durabilidade do concreto projetado, comparando os sistemas de projeção via seca e via úmida, dos concretos resultantes da projeção em placas e dos testemunhos extraídos das estruturas dos túneis da Ferrovia Norte-Sul, trecho 01, em Anápolis-GO. Este trabalho contempla um estudo experimental de análise do comportamento de concretos projetados por via seca e úmida, através de ensaios indicadores dos principais parâmetros de durabilidade, constantes das especificações nacionais e internacionais. O programa experimental envolve, portanto, a avaliação entre os sistemas de projeção de uso corrente em concreto projetado, considerando a análise comparativa entre as placas projetadas (de controle) e os testemunhos extraídos dos túneis, no que se refere ao atendimento aos requisitos relativos à durabilidade. Para tanto, o programa experimental teve como variáveis independentes: tipo de sistema de projeção (se por via seca ou por via úmida) e a extração dos corpos-de-prova de concreto (da placa ou do túnel). Para cada tipo de projeção (via seca e via úmida) foram moldadas três placas (normalmente utilizadas para os fins de controle tecnológico do concreto) em condições similares às da obra, tendo-se em seguida, nas idades preestabelecidas, executado-se a extração de corpos-de-prova. Foram também extraídos oito testemunhos dos túneis executados, gerando, assim, corpos-de-prova submetidos aos ensaios balizadores dos parâmetros de durabilidade adotados neste estudo, a saber: absorção de água por capilaridade, absorção por imersão e fervura, resistividade elétrica, penetração de água sob pressão, penetrabilidade de íons cloreto e resistência à compressão axial. Contribuíram também para a caracterização do material os corpos-de-prova extraídos dos túneis e das placas, que foram submetidos a ensaios de resistência à compressão axial e de reconstituição de traço. Os concretos extraídos dos túneis mostraram resultados abaixo dos parâmetros para os resultados esperados dos requisitos de concreto projetado para os túneis rodo-ferroviários, e ainda com resultados inferiores aos resultados obtidos das placas. Numa avaliação geral, constatou-se perdas de propriedades de durabilidade do concreto projetado extraídos dos túneis em referência aos das placas projetadas.
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Yucel, Okan. „Auditable And Verifiable Electronic Voting With Homomorphic Rsa Tallying“. Phd thesis, METU, 2010. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12612292/index.pdf.
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In this work, we investigate the general structure and the concepts behind the contemporary electronic voting schemes, with special emphasis on voter verifiable preferential voting, homomorphic tallying and voter privacy. We firstly propose a modification in the Single Transferable Voting (STV) method to be applied to large scale elections with electoral barriers. Our proposal prevents the loss of votes and distributes them securely to the second or higher choices of their voters. This method is most suitably used in e-voting with the voter verifiable &ldquoPrê
t à
Voter: All-In-One&rdquo
scheme that utilizes mix-networks for anonymity. We present a case study considering 2007 Turkish Parliamentary Elections to demonstrate the effect of preferential voting on the election systems that have electoral barriers. After the mathematical formulation of the election procedure, we calculate the wasted votes in 2007 elections and present simulation results for 69 election regions (that have no independent parliament members) by using a combination of &ldquo
modified STV and d&rsquo
Hondt&rdquo
methods, according to four different, politically unbiased scenarios on the distribution of secondary vote choices. Additionally, we modify the &ldquo
Prê
t à
Voter: All-In-One&rdquo
scheme by proposing three security enhancing modifications in its ballot construction phase: 1) ballot serial number, 2) digital signature of the first clerk in the mix-net, 3) different random numbers for each row of the ballot. Finally, we demonstrate the potential of multiplicative homomorphic algorithms like RSA for homomorphic tallying. The idea is based on the association of each candidate on the electronic ballot with a prime number, and unique prime factorization of the general vote product. We propose novel randomization methods for homomorphic RSA tallying, and discuss the performance and complexity of the scheme with such randomizations. Our suggestion for an auditable and verifiable e-voting scheme that employs homomorphic RSA tallying with proper randomization has advantages over El Gamal and Paillier tallying, such as having the least encryption complexity and strong anonymity resistant to unlimited computational power.
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Bang, Jensen Maria Isabel, und Simon Lundberg. „Sustainable Implementation of Photovoltaic Technologies in Mauritius : A study on the energy system in Mauritius and the effect of solar power generation on frequency stability“. Thesis, KTH, Hållbar utveckling, miljövetenskap och teknik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-281759.
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Mauritius is an isolated island with ambitious targets for renewable energy generation and plans to invest in more solar power. The aim of this study is to assess how the implementation of photovoltaic technologies might affect the frequency stability in Mauritius and thus assess whether solar power can help the country obtain their targets for green energy generation. The research question is answered by conducting a literature study and simulating relevant scenarios in Matlab and Simulink. By simulating the frequency response for a production disturbance with different values for system inertia and PV capacity, the inertia requirements for frequency stability is assessed. Mauritius appears to have a high potential for increasing solar power generation. Based on the simulations, their electrical grid seems to be able to maintain frequency stability with PV capacity corresponding to the generation targets for 2020, 2025 and 2030, even for low amounts of system inertia. However, the significance of these results are called into question because of the varying quality of input data. With more accurate, specific data, the applicability of the results can be improved. Nevertheless, the study can be used as a guideline on how to use the given model to evaluate frequency stability in isolated power systems in island states. Ways to further this study is to evaluate other stability challenges related to PV production such as the reactive power in the system, voltage stability and rotor angle stability.Mauritius är en isolerad ö som har sett en stor ekonomisk växt de sista åren. För att möta en ökande efterfrågan på el på ett hållbart sätt har Mauritius satt ambitiösa mål för förnybar energiproduktion som bland annat innebär betydande investeringar i solkraft. Målet med denna studie är att utvärdera hur implementeringen av utökad solcellskapacitet skulle kunna påverka frekvensstabiliteten i nätet på Mauritius och således fastställa ifall solenergin kan bidra till deras mål om ökad grön energiproduktion, utan att öka risken för strömavbrott. Frågeställningen besvaras genom att först utföra en litteraturstudie och sedan använda en matematisk modell, utvecklad av Danilo Obradovic från KTH, för att simulera relevanta scenarier i Matlab och Simulink. Simuleringarna visar frekvenssvaret vid produktionsbortfall som relateras till den mängd svängmassa som behövs för att säkerställa frekvensstabilitet vid olika mängder solceller. Litteraturstudien visar att Mauritius har god tillgång på solinstrålning och solceller verkar vara en lämplig teknologi för att utnyttja denna energin. Enligt de simuleringar som genomförts verkar Mauritius kunna bibehålla frekvensensstabilitet om den installerade solcellskapaciteten ökas till de planerade nivåerna i 2020, 2025 och 2030, även för låga värden på systemets svängmassa. Slutsatserna bör dock analyseras kritiskt då indatan som används för simuleringarna är av varierande kvalitet. Med bättre och mer specifik indata kan den föreslagna metodiken och modellen användas för att dra mer relevanta slutsatser för Mauritius. Metodiken som använts i denna studie kan därav ses på som en riktlinje för hur frekvensstabiliteten i isolerade elnät kan undersökas. Vidare kan studien utökas genom att utvärdera sociala och ekonomiska aspekter och även andra stabilitetsfrågor relaterade till en ökad mängd solceller, så som den reaktiva effekten i systemet, spänningsstabilitet och rotorvinkelstabilitet.
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Lin, Y. „Optimum design for sustainable 'green' overlays : controlling flexural failure“. Thesis, Coventry University, 2014. http://curve.coventry.ac.uk/open/items/b5ba73e5-9cb8-4a0b-ac99-c53b3c3e54ed/1.
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The target of the ‘Green Overlays’ research was a cost effective, minimal disruption, sustainable and environmentally friendly alternative to the wholesale demolition, removal and complete reconstruction of the existing structural concrete pavement. The important problem of flexural resistance for strengthening concrete pavements with structural overlays has been scrutinised. A new mix design method for steel fibre reinforced, roller compacted, polymer modified, bonded concrete overlay has been proposed. The mixes developed were characterized of high flexural strength and high bond strength with the old concrete substrate. ‘Placeability’ and ‘compactability’ of the mix were two dominant issues during laboratory investigation. An innovative approach for establishing the relationship between Stress and Crack Face Opening Displacement for steel fibre reinforced concrete beams under flexure was developed. In addition, a new and simple method for calculating the interfacial Strain Energy Release Rate of both, a two-dimensional specimen and a three-dimensional model of the overlay pavement system were developed. This method can be readily and easily used by practicing engineers. Finally, a new test specimen and its loading configuration for measuring interfacial fracture toughness for concrete overlay pavements were established. The interfacial fracture toughness of a composite concrete beam, consisted of steel fibre-reinforced roller compacted polymer modified concrete bonded on conventional concrete and undergoing flexure, was assessed. In summary, this thesis presents four key findings: A new mix design method for steel fibre-reinforced roller compacted polymer modified concrete bonded on conventional concrete. A new method for establishing the fibre bridging law by an inverse analysis approach. A new, simplified method for calculating strain energy release rate at the interface of a composite beam. A new, innovative technique for calculating strain energy release rate at the interface of an overlaid pavement. The thesis contains a plethora of graphs, data-tables, examples and formulae, suitable for future researchers.
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Bédard, Mikaël. „Caractérisation structurale de Miz-1 dans le cadre de la répression génique causée par le complexe c-Myc/Miz-1“. Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/9788.
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Résumé : c-Myc est un facteur de transcription (FT) dont les niveaux cellulaires sont dérégulés dans la majorité des cancers chez l’homme. En hétérodimère avec son partenaire obligatoire Max, c-Myc lie préférentiellement les séquences E-Box (CACGTG) et cause l’expression de gènes impliqués dans la biosynthèse des protéines et des ARNs, dans le métabolisme et dans la prolifération cellulaire. Il est maintenant bien connu que c-Myc exerce aussi son potentiel mitogène en liant et inhibant différents FTs impliqués dans l’expression de gènes cytostatiques. Entre autres, c-Myc est en mesure d’inhiber Miz-1, un FT comportant 13 doigts de zinc de type Cys2-His2 (ZFs) impliqué dans l’expression de plusieurs gènes régulateurs du cycle cellulaire comprenant les inhibiteurs de CDK p15[indice supérieur INK4], p21[indice supérieur CIP1] et p57[indice supérieur KIP2]. Plus récemment, il fut démontré qu’en contrepartie, Miz-1 est aussi en mesure de renverser les fonctions activatrices de c-Myc et de prévenir la prolifération de cellules cancéreuses dépendantes de c-Myc. Ces différentes observations ont mené à la suggestion de l’hypothèse intéressante que la balance des niveaux de Miz-1 et c-Myc pourrait dicter le destin de la cellule et a permis d’établir Miz-1 comme nouvelle cible potentielle pour le développement d’agents anti-cancéreux. Malgré le fait que ces deux protéines semblent centrales à la régulation du cycle cellulaire, les mécanismes moléculaires leur permettant de s’inhiber mutuellement ainsi que les déterminants moléculaires permettant leur association spécifique demeurent assez peu documentés pour le moment. De plus, la biologie structurale de Miz-1 demeure à être explorée puisque qu’aucune structure de ses 13 ZFs, essentiels à sa liaison à l’ADN, n’a été déterminée pour l’instant. Les travaux réalisés dans le cadre cette thèse visent la caractérisation structurale et biophysique de Miz-1 dans le contexte de la répression génique causée par le complexe c-Myc/Miz-1. Nous présentons des résultats d’éxpériences in vitro démontrant que Miz-1 interagit avec c-Myc via un domaine contenu entre ses ZFs 12 et 13. De plus, nous démontrons que Miz-1 et Max sont en compétition pour la liaison de c-Myc. Ces résultats suggèrent pour la permière fois que Miz-1 inhibe les activités de c-Myc en prévenant son interaction avec son partenaire obligatoire Max. De plus, ils laissent présager que que Miz-1 pourrait servir de référence pour le développement d’inhibiteurs peptidiques de c-Myc. Finalement, nous avons réalisé la caractérisation structurale et dynamique des ZFs 1 à 4 et 8 à 10 de Miz-1 et avons évalué leur potentiel de liaison à l’ADN. Les résultats obtenus, couplés à des analyses bio-informatiques, nous permettent de suggérer un modèle détaillé pour la liaison spécifique de Miz-1 à son ADN consensus récemment identifié.Abstract : c-Myc is a transcription factor (TF) deregulated in the majority of human cancers. In heterodimer with its obligatory partner Max, c-Myc preferentially binds E-Box DNA sequences (CACGTG) and activates genes involved in protein and RNA biogenesis, metabolism and cell proliferation. It is now well established that c-Myc can also bind and inhibit some TFs involved in the expression of cytostatic genes to exert its mitogenic potential. Among those, the inhibition of Miz-1 by c-Myc is the best characterized case. Miz-1 is a TF containing 13 Cys2-His2 zinc fingers (ZFs) that is involved in the expression of many cell cycle regulators such as the CDK inhibitors p15[superscript INK4], p21[superscript CIP1] et p57[superscript KIP2]. More recently, it was shown that, on the other hand, Miz-1 is also able to reverse the transcriptional activator functions of c-Myc and to prevent the proliferation of c-Myc-dependent cancer cells. These observations led to the interesting hypothesis that the balance of c-Myc and Miz-1 levels could determine cell fate and establish Miz-1 as an interesting target for the design of novel cancer drugs. Although those proteins seem central to the regulation of the cell cycle, the molecular mechanisms allowing them to inhibit each other and the molecular determinants allowing their specific association remain poorly understood. Moreover, the structural biology of Miz-1 remains to be explored considering that none of its 13 ZF structures, essential to its DNA binding, have been determined so far. The work presented in this thesis aim at characterizing the structural biology of Miz-1 in the context of the transcriptional repression caused by the c-Myc/Miz-1 complex. We present results from in vitro experiments showing that a domain comprised between the 12th and 13th ZFs of Miz-1 is involved in its binding to c-Myc. Moreover, we demonstrate that Miz-1 and Max compete to engage c-Myc. These results suggest for the first time that Miz-1 inhibits c-Myc by a sequestration mechanism preventing its association with its obligatory partner Max. Moreover, they argue that Miz-1 could serve as a reference for the development of c-Myc specific peptide inhibitors as a new approach for cancer drug design. Finally, we realized the structural and dynamical characterization of Miz-1 ZFs 1 to 4 and 8 to 10 and the characterization of their DNA binding potential. The results collected, coupled to bioinformatics analysis, allowed us to suggest a model for Miz-1 specific binding to its consensus DNA sequence recently unveiled.
23
van, der Ploeg Frederick, und Armon Rezai. „The Agnostic's Response to Climate Deniers: Price Carbon!“ WU Vienna University of Economics and Business, 2018. http://epub.wu.ac.at/6895/1/WP_21.pdf.
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With the election of President Trump, climate deniers feel emboldened and moved from the fringes to the centre of global policy making. We study how an agnostic approach to policy, based on Pascal's wager and allowing for subjective prior probability beliefs about whether climate deniers are right, prices carbon. Using the DICE integrated assessment model, we find that assigning a 10% chance of climate deniers being correct lowers the global price on carbon in 2020 only marginally: from $21 to $19 per ton of carbon dioxide if policymakers apply "Nordhaus discounting" and from $91 to $84 per ton of carbon dioxide if they apply "Stern discounting". Agnostics' reflection of remaining scientific uncertainty leaves climate policy essentially unchanged. The robustness of an ambitious climate policy also follows from using the max-min or the min-max regret principle. Letting the coefficient of relative ambiguity aversion vary from zero, corresponding to expected utility analysis, to infinity, corresponding to the max-min principle, we show how policy makers deal with fundamental climate model uncertainty if they are prepared to assign prior probabilities to different views of the world being correct. Allowing for an ethical discount rate and a higher market discount rate and for a wide range of sensitivity exercises including damage uncertainty, we show that pricing carbon is the robust response under rising climate scepticism.Series: Ecological Economic Papers
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Kayali, Samer. „Spi-1,Fli-1et miR-17-92 contribuent au même réseau oncogénique impliqué dans le contrôle de la prolifération dans l’érythroleucémie de Friend“. Thesis, Lyon 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LYO10100.
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Plus de 90% des érythroleucémies induites par le virus de Friend sont associées à l'activation récurrente de l’un ou l’autre des facteurs de transcription ETS Spi-1 ou Fli-1, ou du cluster miR-17-92. La contribution de ces trois oncogènes à la prolifération des clones érythroleucémiques correspondant a déjà été indépendamment démontrée. De plus, il a été montré dans l’équipe que Spi-1 active de façon directe l’expression de Fli-1 et que les deux facteurs activent des gènes cibles communs. Dans cette thèse, j’ai montré que Spi-1 et Fli-1 activent l’expression du cluster miR-17-92 en se liant sur un motif ETS conservé dans le promoteur de ce cluster. J’ai montré que la réexpression de miR-17 et miR-20a est suffisante pour contrebalancer partiellement la baisse de la prolifération et la survie cellulaire induite par l’inhibition de l’expression de Fli-1. De plus, j’ai identifié Hbp1 comme une cible de ces miARNs dans les cellules érythroleucémiques. Ces résultats montrent que les trois oncogènes activés de façon récurrente par le virus de Friend constituent un seul réseau oncogénique contrôlant la prolifération. Ces résultats suggèrent également un rôle potentiel de réseaux ETS-miR-17-92 dans d’autres contextes normaux ou pathologiquesClonal erythroleudemia developing in susceptible mice infected by Friend virus complex are associated with higly recurrent orviral insertinons at one of three loci called Spi-1, Fli-1 or Fli-3, leading to deregulated expression of oncogenic Spi-1 or Fli-1 transcription factors or miR-17-92 miRNA cluster, respectively. Deregulated expression of each of these here ocongenes has been independently shown to contribute to cell profileration of erythroleukemic clones. Previous studies showed close relationship between Spi-1 and Fli-1, which belong te the seame ETS family, Spi-1 activating fli-1 gene and both Spi-1 and Fli-1 activating multiple common target genes involved in ribosome biogenesis. In this tehesis, we habe also demonstrated that physiological re-expression of exogenous miR-17 and MiR-20a are able to partially rescue proliferation arrest induced by Fli-1 knock down and we identified Hbp1 as a tarteg of these miRNAs in erythroleukemia cell line.These results establish that three of the most recurrently activated oncogenes in Friend erythroleukemia are arctually involved in the same oncogenic network controlling proliferation . The putative contribution of similar ETS-MiR-17-92 network in other normal or hyper
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Sarquis, Aiex Marini Ferreira Nicolau. „Applications of Almgren-Pitts min-max theory“. Thesis, Imperial College London, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/34947.
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We develop an application of Almgren-Pitts min-max theory to the study of minimal hypersurfaces in dimension 3 ≤ m + 1 ≤ 7 as well as computing the k-width of the round 2-sphere for k = 1,...,8. We show that the space of minimal hypersurfaces is non-compact for an analytic metric of positive curvature and construct a min-max unstable closed geodesic in S^2 with multiplicity 2.
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Clément, Thomas. „Recherche de liens entre expression d'ARN non codants et physiopathologies articulaires, utilisation des microARN comme biomarqueurs du phénotype chondrocytaire“. Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LORR0113/document.
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L’arthrose est la pathologie articulaire la plus répandue et, avec l’allongement de l’espérance de vie, sa prévalence ne cesse d’augmenter. Elle se caractérise par une dégénérescence du cartilage articulaire associée à une inflammation synoviale et un remodelage anormal de l’os sous-chondral, qui résultent en une perte progressive de mobilité et des douleurs très handicapantes. Dans le cartilage, le chondrocyte est le seul type cellulaire et il est responsable de la synthèse des composants de la matrice extracellulaire (collagènes, protéoglycanes). Au cours de l’arthrose, le phénotype du chondrocyte est altéré et la balance synthèse/dégradation des composants matriciels est déséquilibrée en faveur de la dégradation du cartilage. Il n’existe actuellement aucun traitement permettant de ralentir efficacement l’évolution du processus arthrosique, de sorte que la recherche de biomarqueurs pertinents et de cibles thérapeutiques potentielles est en pleine effervescence depuis l’explosion de l’étude des microARNs. Les microARNs sont des petits ARNs non codants régulant négativement l’expression des gènes. On estime que 50% des gènes sont potentiellement régulés par les miARNs. Les miARNs semblent impliqués dans tous les processus biologiques majeurs tels que la différenciation cellulaire, l’apoptose ou encore la cancérisation. Ces petits ARN non codants sont donc des biomarqueurs potentiels très intéressants. Au cours de ces travaux de thèse l’implication des miARN dans la régulation du phénotype chondrocytaire a été étudiée. A partir d’un modèle de perte du phénotype chondrocytaire différencié, provoquée par des repiquages successifs ou une stimulation par l’IL-1β les variations du profil d’expression des miARNs ont été analysées par l’utilisation de puces dédiées. Ces données ont permis de mettre en évidence 43 miARNs candidats dont le cluster miR-23~27b~24-1 et miR-29b. L’étude de la régulation de la production différentielle des miARNs de ce cluster a été entreprise, sans que nous parvenions toutefois à apporter une réponse formelle sur les mécanismes impliqués. Néanmoins, nous avons identifié miR-29b comme un régulateur négatif de l’expression du gène codant Col-IIa1 au cours de la perte du phénotype différencié, ainsi que chez les chondrocytes « arthrosiques ». Enfin, comme il a été montré au laboratoire que l’équilibre entre les concentrations extracellulaires de pyrophosphate/phosphate inorganique (ePi/ePPi) était essentiel au maintien du phénotype chondrocytaire différencié, nous nous sommes intéressés à la régulation des gènes codant les acteurs protéiques impliqués dans cette balance (ANK, PC1, Pit-1 et TNAP). A partir de prédictions de cibles par analyse in silico, un panel de 4 miARNs candidats a été établi : let7e, miR-9, miR-188 et miR-219. Nos travaux avec des systèmes rapporteurs ont démontré l’implication de miR-9 en tant que régulateur négatif de l’expression des gènes PC-1, Pit-1 et TNAP, de façon cohérente ou non avec les prédictions bio-informatiquesOsteoarthritis (OA) is the most frequent joint disease and its prevalence still grows with the increase in lifespan. OA is characterized by articular cartilage degeneration, together with synovitis and abnormal subchondral bone remodeling, leading to progressive loss of mobility and pain. Chondrocyte is the unique cell type in cartilage which accounts for the synthesis of extracellular matrix (ECM) components (collagens, proteoglycans). During OA, chondrocyte phenotype is altered and the balance between ECM synthesis and degradation is impaired towards cartilage degradation. To date no treatment can efficiently reduce OA progression so that the search for reliable biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets is very active, particularly since the discovery of microRNAs. miRNAs are estimated to regulate 50% of cellular genes. They contribute to major cellular processes such as cell differentiation, apoptosis or tumorigenesis. Therefore, miRNAs are interesting putative biomarkers. During this PhD thesis, we studied the contribution of miARNs to the control of chondrocyte phenotype. Using a model of chondrocyte differentiated phenotype loss induced by extensive subculturing or IL-1β challenge we studied changes in miRNAs profile with microarrays. We determined a panel of 43 varying miRNA including the miR-23~27b~24-1 cluster and miR-29b. The differential production of miRNAs from this cluster has been investigated, but we didn’t succeed in identifying the underlying mechanisms. However, we identified miR-29b as a negative post-transcriptional regulator of Col-IIa1 during differentiated phenotype loss and OA. Finally, as equilibrium between extracellular levels of inorganic phosphate and pyrophosphate (ePi/ePPi) was previously shown in the laboratory to be crucial for the maintenance of a differentiated chondrocyte phenotype, we studied the regulation of the genes encoding the 4 proteins regulating this balance (ANK, PC1, Pit-1 and TNAP). From in silico analysis, we selected a panel of 4 miRNAs: let7e, miR-9, miR-188 and miR-219. Using reporter assays, we showed that miR-9 was a negative regulator of PC-1, Pit-1 and TNAP, according or not to bioinformatics prediction
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Cernat, Victor [Verfasser]. „Expression der MikroRNA (miR-1) bei Patienten mit uterinen Leiomyosarkomen / Victor Cernat“. Greifswald : Universitätsbibliothek Greifswald, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1137526645/34.
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Nurser, Charles Arthur George. „Low min-max widths of the round three-sphere“. Thesis, Imperial College London, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/42503.
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Almgren-Pitts min-max theory considers the space of integral currents on a manifold with the associated mass functional. Minimal hypersurfaces arise as the critical points of the mass functional, and so can be constructed using min-max techniques applied to certain families of integral currents. A particular set of families is the Gromov-Guth p-sweepouts. The min-max masses associated with these families are the p-widths. This thesis calculates several p-widths for p <= 13 in the case of the round three-sphere by explicit construction of p-sweepouts and Lusternik-Schnirelmann topological arguments. It follows from recent developments in min-max theory that there is a minimal surface with genus > 1, index <= 9 and area equal to the 9-width.
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Rohleder, Sandra Elna. „Bedeutung des Proliferationsmarkers MIB-1 für die individuelle Überlebenszeitprognose bei Patienten mit Mundhöhlenkarzinomen“. [S.l. : s.n.], 2006.
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Chapman, Sonny. „Vidareutvecling av Max 1“. Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för innovation, design och teknik, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-15152.
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Denna rapport avhandlar arbetet som lett fram till det slutliga förslaget på formgivning. De problem som arbetet försökt lösa har varit hur vidareutvecklingen av en befintlig produkt kanutföras på ett smidigt och tillfredställande sätt. Att med hjälp av import och inköp av komponenterkunna försöka hitta alternativa designlösningar gentemot befintlig konstruktion. Den befintliga konstruktionen är konstruerad uteslutande utifrån att designen är en produkt avfunktionen. Solö har tagit över projektet från en tidigare konstruktör då maskinens uppfinnare varmissnöjd med hur den byggts. Den tidigare konstruktören har för att lösa vissa funktioner gjortlösningar som inte varit optimala ur ett större perspektiv, montering och kostnad t.ex.Vissa lösningar har enbart tillkommit för att lösa bristfälliga lösningar, andra för att det inte fannsnågot annat att välja på, vilket resulterat i en design som inte varit optimal. Konceptet som presenteras i slutet av denna rapport har haft som utgångspunkt att ge förslag pådesign som kan optimera monteringsarbetet och få till en kompaktare design då den befintligamaskinen består mestadels av tom volym. Fokus har legat på att ha argument för varje beslut och kunna visa på att lösningarna är baserade påverklig fakta snarare än vilda antaganden som är tagna ur luften.Vidareutveckling av befintlig produkt
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SILVA, Marcos Alexandro Abreu e. „Determinação espectrofotométrica do teor de biodiesel metílico em misturas com óleo diesel“. Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2009. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tde/1038.
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Previous issue date: 2009-11-25In this work it was developed a quantitative analytical methodology to determine the content of methyl biodiesel in diesel fuel through the fatty acid methyl ester reaction with the hydroxylamine hydrochloride in alkaline solutions, which they were acidified and converted to hydroxamic acids, followed by treatment with ferric ion to give the colored ferric hydroxamate complex, and afterwards extract in n-heptane and were analysed by UV-visible spectroscopy. It was made the optimization of the variables that interfere in the reaction, and parameters such as accuracy, precision and the limit of detection (LOD) among other parameters to assess the quality of the method developed it was also evaluated. The results indicated that the method has shown an excellent linearity in small intervals of biodiesel blend levels, an excellent determination coefficient of the calibration curve (R2 > 0.99) at a wide range of wavelength (420-440 nm). As well as it has also shown to be applied in a wide range of methyl biodiesel blend levels in diesel fuel (B1 to B20), and it is suitable to be used in the quality control procedures for the production of BX blends.
Desenvolveu-se neste trabalho uma metodologia analítica quantitativa para determinação do teor de biodiesel metílico em óleo diesel por meio da reação dos ésteres metílicos de ácidos graxos com o cloridrato de hidroxilamina em meio alcalino, os quais são acidificados e convertidos à ácidos hidroxâmicos, seguida pelo tratamento com íons ferro (III) resultando em complexos coloridos de hidroxamato férrico, posteriormente extraídos em n-heptano e analisados por espectroscopia de UV-visível. Fez-se a otimização das variáveis que interferem na reação, e também avaliou-se a exatidão, precisão, e o limite de detecção (LD), entre outros parâmetros, no sentido de avaliar a qualidade do método desenvolvido. O método mostrou excelente linearidade em pequenos intervalos de variação volumétrica de biodiesel, excelente coeficiente de correlação para a curva de calibração (R2 > 0,99), em uma ampla faixa de comprimento de onda (420 a 440 nm). Assim como mostrou ser aplicável em uma ampla faixa de teor de biodiesel metílico em óleo diesel (B1 ao B20), sendo adequado para o controle de qualidade da produção de misturas BX.
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Amrani-Benhalima, Faïza. „Problèmes de MIN-MAX en variables 0-1 : Algorithmes de résolution exacts et approchés“. Valenciennes, 1997. https://ged.uphf.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/6fb2c7ce-df58-4bc6-bb55-a1a7c0529fcf.
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Le problème de Minmax en variables continues ou en variables entières a toujours suscité un intérêt croissant d'une part, parce que son champs d'application est vaste. Que ce soit dans le domaine des mathématiques, l'allocation de ressource, l'économie, l'aéronautique et même des jeux. D'autres part, parce que les problèmes traités sont classés en théorie de la complexité comme NP-difficile même quand il s'agit d'un problème de Minmax en variables 0-1 sans contrainte et avec seulement deux objectifs. Cette thèse contribue à l'étude des problèmes en variables bivalentes. Elle propose la résolution exacte et approchée des problèmes de Minmax ou Maxmin en variables 0-1 qui consistent à minimiser un objectif exprimé sous la forme d'un minimum ou maximum de plusieurs fonctions linéaires et soumis à un ensemble de contraintes.
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Bzeih, Tourin. „Methodologies involving N-tosylhydrazones for the synthesis of new isocombretastatin A-4 analogs, and the synthesis of thiazole derivatives for antitumor application“. Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLS488.
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Ce document de thèse est divisé en deux parties indépendantes, la première partie décrit la synthèse et l'évaluation biologique de nouveaux analogues du composé anti-vasculaire, l'isocombretastatine A-4. Ce travail se situe à l'interface entre la chimie et la biologie.Des réactions séquentielles monotopes mettant en œuvre des réactions de couplage pallado-catalysées entre des N-tosylhydrazones et divers bromure de nitro-aryles et bromure de nitro-biaryles suivies d'une cyclisation réductrice ont conduit à la synthèse d’une chimiothèque d'indoles C2-, C3-, N-aryles et des carbazoles de vinyle avec une variété de substrats. De plus, cette méthodologie a permis d'explorer un nouveau mécanisme de synthèse inattendue d’indoles.L'étude biologique de ces nouvelles séries a montré que huit molécules sont dotées d’activités antiprolifératives intéressantes de l'ordre du nanomolaire contre les cellules humaines de cancer du côlon. Deux molécules ont présenté des activités très prometteuses, ayant des IC50 similaires à celle de l'isoCA-4.Par conséquent, cette partie a contribué à développer de nouvelles approches permettant l’accès rapide et simple à des molécules hautement fonctionnalisées, dont certaines possèdent une activité biologique prometteuse.Par ailleurs, la deuxième partie est liée à la synthèse de nouveaux analogues de thiazole et de benzothiazole de MIM-1 (molécule d'inhibition de Mcl-1) grâce à une série de réactions connues. Plusieurs analogues de benzothiazole ont été obtenus en une seule ou deux étapes, et les composés thiazole ont été obtenus en cinq étapes. La modification des structures des deux séries d'analogues est en cours, afin d’évaluer leur activité antitumorale, but principal de cette partieThis thesis document is divided into two unrelated parts, the first part reported the synthesis and the biological evaluation of new analogs of the anti-vascular compound, isocombretastatin A-4. This work lies at the chemistry-biology interface.One-pot sequential reactions implementing palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling between N-tosylhydrazones and various nitro-aryl bromides and nitro-biaryl bromides followed by reductive cyclization led to the synthesis of a broad library of C2-, C3-, N-aryl indoles and vinyl carbazoles with vast substrate scope. Moreover, this methodology allowed to explore a new mechanism for the synthesis of indoles through unexpected pathways.Interestingly, the biological evaluation of these new series had identified eight molecules with antiproliferative activities in the nanomolar range against human colon carcinoma, with two molecules showing very promising results by having IC50 similar to that of isoCA-4.Hence, this part contributed to develop new processes for an easy access of highly substituted compounds which could possess promising biological activity.On the other hand, the second part is related to the synthesis of original thiazole and benzothiazole analogs of MIM-1 (Mcl-1 inhibition molecule) through a series of known reactions. Several benzothiazole analogs were obtained in one or two steps, and the thiazole compounds were obtained in five steps. More structural modifications of the two series of analogs is ongoing to achieve the innate goal of this part, which is to evaluate their antitumor activity
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DEE, HERVE. „L'ameloblastome : recherche de facteurs pronostiques anatomopathologiques : etude histologique, immunohistochimique et en cytometrie de flux a propos de 16 cas“. Lille 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993LIL2M282.
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Llerena, Luz Janeth. „Énumération des polyominos d'aire MIN + 1“. Thèse, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 2012. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/5202/1/030350172.pdf.
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Büttner, Susanne [Verfasser]. „Dysbindin-1 (DTNBP-1) und Negativsymptomatik bei Patienten mit Schizophrenie / Susanne Büttner“. Berlin : Medizinische Fakultät Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 2008. http://d-nb.info/1027497098/34.
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Juneja, Vikram R. „The role of the PD-1 pathway in the tumor microenvironment“. Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/108961.
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Thesis: Ph. D. in Medical Engineering and Medical Physics, Harvard-MIT Program in Health Sciences and Technology, 2017.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 164-176).
The immune system has proven valuable in the fight against cancer. Therapies that unleash a T cell response against tumors have led to durable remissions in multiple cancers. Specifically, antibodies blocking the programmed death (PD)-1 pathway have been approved for the treatment of metastatic melanoma, non-small cell lung cancer, and renal cell carcinoma, amongst others. However, only a limited number of patients respond to these therapies. The field is now trying to determine combination strategies and biomarkers to extend the benefits of these therapies to additional patients in a rationale manner. A fundamental challenge towards this goal is that the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying the efficacy of PD-1 pathway blockade are not well understood. In this thesis, we dissected the role of PD-1 and its ligands on multiple cell types in the tumor microenvironment. PD-1 is a receptor expressed on T cells upon activation, amongst other cells. Its ligands, PD-L1 and PD-L2, can be expressed on many cell types, including tumor cells. In the first section, we show that PD-1 pathway blockade can effectively combine with another therapy targeted at tumor cells themselves, BRAF inhibitors. This work provided support for ongoing clinical trials. In the second section, we show that tumor cells can protect themselves from immune eradication by expressing PD-L1, which directly suppresses the cytotoxicity of CD8* T cells. This establishes a key mechanism by which the PD-1 pathway prevents effective antitumor immunity. In the third section, we show that the inhibition of CD8* T cell cytotoxicity through PD-1 signaling is due in part to cell-intrinsic and cell-extrinsic suppression of T cell metabolism. Removing the inhibitory PD-1 signal on a fraction of cells enhances their metabolic state and allows them to become more cytotoxic. In turn, this creates a tumor microenvironment that allows additional CD8* T cells to become more functional. We show that pharmacologic agents that mimic these effects of metabolism can enhance CD8* T cell cytotoxicity. These mechanistic insights will assist in developing cancer therapies that combine PD-1 blockade with other approaches to broaden the benefit of PD-1 immunotherapy.
by Vikram R. Juneja.
Ph. D. in Medical Engineering and Medical Physics
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Flaherty, Erin. „Cytoplasmic Adaptor Protein MIG-10 Interacts With Abelson Target ABI-1 During Neuronal Migration In C. Elegans“. Digital WPI, 2014. https://digitalcommons.wpi.edu/etd-theses/619.
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Cellular migration is an essential process for establishing neural connections during development. The MIG-10/RIAM/Lamellipodin signaling proteins are thought to send positional information from guidance cues to actin polymerization machinery, promoting the polarized outgrowth of axons. In C. elegans, mutations in the gene mig-10 result in the truncation of the migration of the mechanosensory neurons. Biochemical analysis demonstrates that MIG-10 interacts with abelson-interactor protein 1 (ABI-1), and therefore investigation into whether these proteins work together in the neuron to promote migration was completed. To demonstrate MIG-10 cell autonomy in the neuron, transgenic strains with specific expression of mig-10 were created. mig-10 mutants were rescued in the mechanosensory, anterior lateral microtubule neuron (ALM) by neuron specific expression of mig-10 but not by epithelial expression, suggesting that MIG-10 is acting cell autonomously. To determine ABI-1 cell autonomy, transgenic strains with specific neuronal expression of abi-1 were compared to the wild type strain. abi-1 mutants were rescued by neuron specific expression of abi-1 in the ALM, suggesting that ABI-1 also functions cell autonomously in the ALM during this migration. Further investigation into the MIG-10/ABI-1 relationship was done by feeding RNAi of abi-1 in a mig-10(ct41) mutant strain. The ALM migration was not more severely truncated in the double mutant, suggesting that MIG-10 and ABI-1 work in the same pathway. Taken together, this evidence supports a model where MIG-10 and ABI-1 work together autonomously within the ALM to promote migration.
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Temme, Katja. „Insulinpumpentherapie bei Jugendlichen mit Typ-1-Diabetes“. Diss., lmu, 2008. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-85955.
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Gehrig, Kurt Albert. „Cyclopalladierte 1-Arylazonaphthaline : Reaktionen mit ausgewählten Reagentien /“. [S.l.] : [s.n.], 1985. http://e-collection.ethbib.ethz.ch/show?type=diss&nr=7736.
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Chu, Rubio Manuel. „Mis finanzas personales. Tercera edición [Capítulos 1]“. Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas - UPC, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/621749.
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Este libro facilita la toma de decisiones financieras, a nivel individual, ya que explica en qué consiste la gestión de los ingresos, el presupuesto, el ahorro y el gasto del dinero en el tiempo. También se explica el adecuado manejo de los ingresos en situaciones cotidianas y excepcionales como el financiamiento de propiedades o eventos, la contratación en un centro de trabajo, la compensación de tiempo de servicios, entre otros.This book eases financial decision making at an individual level as it explains what income management, budget, savings and money expense over time are. It also explains the appropriate income management for everyday and exceptional situations, including real-estate or event financing, hiring in the workplace, severance indemnity, and others.
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Oliveira, Ketti Gleyzer de. „Níveis de expressão de miR-33a e miR-122 em pacientes cronicamente infectados pelo vírus da Hepatite C genótipos 1 e 3“. Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5168/tde-22012016-104146/.
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Estima-se que 3% da população mundial esteja infectada pelo vírus da hepatite C (HCV). O HCV tem como alvo o tecido hepático e a maioria dos pacientes infectados desenvolvem infecção crônica. Nos últimos anos, estudos in vitro têm demonstrado interações entre o miRNA-122 (miR-122) da célula hospedeira e dois sítios localizados na região 5\' UTR do genoma do vírus da hepatite C (HCV), os quais são essenciais ao processo de replicação viral. O miR-122 é altamente expresso no fígado, onde atua na regulação do metabolismo de lipídios juntamente com outro miRNA, o miRNA-33a (miR-33a), porém, o mecanismo envolvido nesta regulação ainda é pouco conhecido. Sabe-se que a infecção pelo HCV altera a expressão de genes envolvidos na biossíntese e transporte de lipídios, resultando na estimulação do metabolismo de lipídios e criando um ambiente favorável para sua replicação. Neste contexto os objetivos deste trabalho foram avaliar a expressão de miR-33a e miR-122 em indivíduos cronicamente infectados pelo HCV-1 e HCV-3 em amostras obtidas antes do início da terapia. Os miRNAs foram isolados a partir de amostras de sangue periférico e de tecido hepático. A quantificação da expressão relativa de ambos miRNAs foi pela técnica de PCR em tempo real. Os níveis de miR-33a no sangue periférico foram mais elevados do que no tecido hepático em indivíduos infectados pelo HCV-1(p < 0,0001) e HCV-3 (p=0,0025). Observou-se uma correlação inversa entre os níveis de miR-33a no sangue periférico e tecido hepático dos indivíduos infectados pelo HCV-1 (r=-0,281, p=0,039) e correlação positiva para os indivíduos infectados pelo HCV-3 (r=0,9286, p < 0,0001). Correlação inversa entre os níveis hepáticos de miR-33a com o nível sérico de insulina (r=-0,371, p =0,005) nos indivíduos infectados pelo HCV-1 e correlação positiva entre os níveis no sangue periférico com os níveis séricos de GGT (r=0,553, p=0,049) foram observadas. Em relação ao miR-122, de maneira geral o nível hepático foi mais elevado do que o sérico (p < 0,0001). Entretanto, o nível hepático de miR-122 em indivíduos infectados pelo HCV-3 foi maior quando comparado aos infectados pelo HCV-1 (6,22 vezes, p < 0,001). Uma correlação inversa entre os níveis séricos de ApoA-II e os níveis de expressão de miR-122 no sangue (r=-0,330; p=0,014) e tecido hepático (r=-0,311; p=0,020) foi observada nos pacientes infectados pelo HCV-1. Os pacientes infectados pelo HCV- 3 mostraram correlação positiva entre os níveis hepáticos de miR-122 e os níveis de HDL (r=0,412, p=0,036) e insulina (r=0,478, p=0,044). O miR-33a e o miR-122 atuam regulando genes que controlam o metabolismo dos lipídios no fígado. Até o presente momento, não existem relatos que associem a expressão do miR-33a e do miR-122 com o perfil lipídico na infecção pelo HCV. Além disso, o acúmulo de lipídio (esteatose) intensamente descrito na infecção pelo HCV-3 pode sugerir interação diferenciada desse genótipo com os mecanismos envolvidos na regulação do metabolismo lipídico, envolvendo o miR-33a e miR-122The prevalence of infection by hepatitis C virus (HCV) is about 3% of the world population. HCV targets the liver tissue and the majority of infected patients develop chronic infection. In recent years, in vitro studies have demonstrated interactions between miRNA-122 (miR-122) the host cell to two places located in the 5\' untranslated region of the HCV genome which are essential for virus replication process. miR-122 is highly expressed in the liver, which has been implicated as a fatty acid metabolism regulator. Another mine has also been described as a key regulator of lipid metabolism, miRNA-33a (miR-33a), however, the mechanisms involved in this regulation are still little known. It is known that HCV infection changes the expression of genes involved in the biosynthesis and transport of lipids, resulting in stimulation of the lipid metabolism and creating a favorable environment for replication of the virus. To our knowledge, there are no reports linking the expression of miR-33a with lipid profile in HCV infection. In this context the objectives of this study were to evaluate the expression of miR-33a and miR-122 in chronically infected individuals with HCV-1 and HCV-3 in samples obtained prior to initiation of therapy. MiRNAs were isolated from peripheral blood samples and liver tissue. The quantification of relative expression of both miRNAs was by PCR in real time. MiR-33a levels in peripheral blood were higher than in liver tissue in patients infected with HCV-1 (p < 0.0001) and HCV-3 (p=0.0025). Levels in the peripheral blood of miR-33a were lower in patients infected with HCV-3 (p=0.0169). There was an inverse correlation between hepatic levels of miR-33a with serum insulin levels (p=0.005) in individuals infected with HCV-1 and a positive correlation between the levels in the peripheral blood serum levels of GGT (p=0.049). Hepatic levels of miR-122 were higher than the levels in the peripheral blood of individuals infected by HCV-1 and HCV-3 (p < 0.0001). Hepatic miR-122 levels were higher in patients infected with HCV-3 than those infected with HCV-1 (6.22 times, p < 0.001). There was a positive correlation between miR-122 levels in the blood and liver tissue of patients infected with HCV-1 (r=0.302, p=0.026). An inverse correlation between serum ApoA-II was observed in these patients the levels of expression of miR-122 in blood (r=-0.330; p =0.014) and liver tissue (r=-0.311; p=0.020). Patients infected with HCV-3 showed a positive correlation between hepatic miR-122 levels to HDL levels (r=0.412, p=0.036) and insulin levels (r=0.478, p=0.044). The miR-33a and miR-122 act by regulating genes that control lipid metabolism in the liver. The different interactions with lipid metabolism exerted by HCV-3 may explain why his relationship with the miR-33a and miR-122 was different when compared with HCV-1
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Woo, Ho-Hyung, Csaba Laszlo, Stephen Greco und Setsuko Chambers. „Regulation of colony stimulating factor-1 expression and ovarian cancer cell behavior in vitro by miR-128 and miR-152“. BioMed Central, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/610206.
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BACKGROUND:Colony stimulating factor-1 (CSF-1) plays an important role in ovarian cancer biology and as a prognostic factor in ovarian cancer. Elevated levels of CSF-1 promote progression of ovarian cancer, by binding to CSF-1R (the tyrosine kinase receptor encoded by c-fms proto-oncogene).Post-transcriptional regulation of CSF-1 mRNA by its 3' untranslated region (3'UTR) has been studied previously. Several cis-acting elements in 3'UTR are involved in post-transcriptional regulation of CSF-1 mRNA. These include conserved protein-binding motifs as well as miRNA targets. miRNAs are 21-23nt single strand RNA which bind the complementary sequences in mRNAs, suppressing translation and enhancing mRNA degradation.RESULTS:In this report, we investigate the effect of miRNAs on post-transcriptional regulation of CSF-1 mRNA in human ovarian cancer. Bioinformatics analysis predicts at least 14 miRNAs targeting CSF-1 mRNA 3'UTR. By mutations in putative miRNA targets in CSF-1 mRNA 3'UTR, we identified a common target for both miR-128 and miR-152. We have also found that both miR-128 and miR-152 down-regulate CSF-1 mRNA and protein expression in ovarian cancer cells leading to decreased cell motility and adhesion in vitro, two major aspects of the metastatic potential of cancer cells.CONCLUSION:The major CSF-1 mRNA 3'UTR contains a common miRNA target which is involved in post-transcriptional regulation of CSF-1. Our results provide the evidence for a mechanism by which miR-128 and miR-152 down-regulate CSF-1, an important regulator of ovarian cancer.
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Trécul, Anne. „Effet de l'acide valproïque sur l'hématopoïèse : rôle du réseau de régulation "microARN/ facteurs de transcription"“. Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LORR0143/document.
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L’acide valproïque (VPA) est un inhibiteur des histones désacétylases (HDACi), qui présente des propriétés anti-tumorales nsur différents types de cancers. Son utilisation depuis plusieurs décennies comme médicament antiépileptique a révélé des effets secondaires, notamment sur le système hématopoïétique. Dans la présente étude, nous nous sommes intéressés à l’effet du VPA sur les réseaux microARN (miR)/Facteurs de transcription (FT) spécifiquement impliqués dans la régulation des voies de différenciation érythro-mégacaryocytaires. Nous montrons que le VPA est capable d’inhiber la différenciation érythroïde dans les cellules érythroleucémiques humaines TF1 et K562 et dans les cellules souches hématopoïétiques (CSH) CD34+, stimulées par l’érythropoïétine recombinante (Epo) ou par l’aclacinomycine A. Cette inhibition se traduit par une diminution de l’expression de la glycophorine A, de la γ-globine, des miR-144/451 et du FT GATA-1. L’inhibition du pré-miR-144 suggère que le VPA est capable de réguler l’expression du gène miR-144/451 au niveau transcriptionnel, via GATA-1. Dans les cellules Epo/CD34+, le VPA induit l’augmentation du FT PU.1 en accord avec l’inhibition du miR-155 et favorise son interaction avec GATA-1 pour inhiber son activité. L’utilisation d’un analogue du VPA, sans activité HDACi (Valpromide) et d’un inhibiteur d’HDAC de classe I, le MS-275, a montré que l’activité HDACi du VPA n’est pas requise pour l’inhibition de la différenciation érythroïde. Le VPA affecte également la voie mégacaryocytaire issue d’un progéniteur commun aux cellules érythroïdes. Dans la lignée mégacaryoblastique Meg-01, le VPA induit des modifications morphologiques du type mégacaryocytaire, une augmentation du marqueur CD61, du FT GATA-2 et du miR-27a. En revanche, l’expression du FT GATA-1 et des miR-144/451 diminuent. L’augmentation du miR-27a coïncide avec la diminution de l’expression de l’ARNm du FT RUNX1, en accord avec l’induction de la voie mégacaryocytaire. En conclusion, le VPA est capable de moduler le programme de différenciation érythro-mégacaryocytaire, à travers un micro réseau de régulation miR/FTValproic acid (VPA), a histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi), exhibits anti-cancer properties against several tumor types. Its use as an anti-epileptic drug for several decades reveled side effects at the hematological level. In this study, we analyzed the effect of VPA on an erythro-megakaryocyte-specific miR/transcription factors network. VPA inhibited erythroid differentiation in the erythroleukemia cell lines TF1 and K562 as well as in CD34+/hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), induced by the recombinant erythropoietin (Epo) or aclacinomycin. This inhibition was characterized by glycophorin-A, γ-globin and GATA-1/miR-144/451 down-regulation. Inhibition of pre-miR-144 expression suggested that VPA regulates transcription of the miR-144/451 gene through GATA-1. In Epo-stimulated HSCs, VPA induced PU.1 expression in correlation with miR-155 inhibition and promoted GATA-1/PU.1 interaction. The use of valpromide, a VPA analogue without HDACi activity and the class-I HDACi MS-275, showed that HDAC inhibition by VPA was not required for its inhibitory activity on erythropoiesis. VPA also induced megakaryocyte features in Meg-01 cells, at both cellular and molecular levels. Notably, CD61, GATA-2 and miR-27a were over-expressed. RUNX1 mRNA expression and GATA-1/miR-144/451 axis decreased in accordance with megakaryocyte differentiation. In conclusion, VPA is able to modulate erythro-megakaryocytic differentiation program, through a regulatory micro-network involving miRs and TFs
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Stürmer, Glauber Renato. „Danos e comportamento larval de helicoverpa armigera (hübner) (lepidoptera: noctuidae) em soja“. Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2016. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/3264.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível SuperiorIn order to have a greater knowledge and hence greater control of the insect pest in study, this research was developed into two articles. In the first article, damage infestation of 2, 4 and 6 caterpillars/m² at different growth stages and the impact on soybean grain yield components were evaluated. The experiments were carried out in the growing seasons of 2013/14 and 2014/15, in Santa Maria/RS. The soybean cultivar BMX Potência RR was sown in 0.5 m spaced rows, with density of 18 plants m-2. The H. armigera larvae utilized were in third instar and obtained from artificial production. The experimental units consisted of screened cages of 1m x 1m x 1m, placed on soybeans only during the evaluation period, containing 18 soybean plants. The treatments were densities of 2, 4 and 6 caterpillars/m² (cage), besides a control treatment without caterpillars. The period of coexistence of the caterpillars with plants was 15 days, with densities checked daily to maintain the correct number of caterpillars. In the reproductive stage, R5.3 was the most affected by the caterpillar damage. Greater H. armigera populations/m² cause increased number of damaged pods with two and/or three perforations per pod. The level of one caterpillar m² causes a reduction in grain yield in the order of 104.40, 266.42, and 374.69 kg ha-1 when infests soybeans in V3, R3 and R5.3 stage, respectively. In the second article, the behavior of caterpillars on infested soybean plants in growing stages was evaluated. The experiments were performed in the growing seasons of 2013/14 and 2014/15, in Santa Maria/RS. The experimental units were formed by iron cages covered by voile fabric type containing nine soybean plants, placed on crop only during the evaluation period. Soybean plants were infested with 20 caterpillars of 3rd instar in the V7, R2, and R4 stage. At each stage, the behavioral assessments of the caterpillars were performed every three hours over two days (48 hours), recording the activities of the 20 caterpillars. Assessments were performed visually by observing the following parameters: position occupied by the caterpillar in the plant, caterpillar activity, and the plant structure occupied by the caterpillar. H. armigera was found in the adaxial leaves of the upper third of soybean plant in the vegetative stage. In the reproductive stage, the caterpillars were distributed in the middle and upper third of the plants and located in the plant reproductive structures. The timetables of the day (temperature and humidity) influence on the caterpillar feeding and alter the caterpillar distribution in the thirds of the plant.
Com vistas a ter um maior conhecimento e, consequentemente, um maior controle sobre o inseto-praga em questão, desenvolveu-se o presente estudo, organizado em dois artigos. No primeiro artigo, avaliou-se o dano da infestação de 2, 4 e 6 lagartas m-² em diferentes estádios fenológicos e o impacto nos componentes de rendimento de grãos da soja. Os experimentos foram conduzidos na safra agrícola 2013/14 e 2014/15, em Santa Maria/RS. A cultivar de soja BMX Potência RR foi semeada em linhas espaçadas a 0,5 m, com densidade de 18 plantas m-2. As larvas de H. armigera utilizadas eram de terceiro ínstar, provenientes de criação artificial. As unidades experimentais foram constituídas por gaiolas teladas de 1m x 1m x 1m, colocadas sobre a soja apenas no período de avaliação, contendo 18 plantas de soja. Os tratamentos foram densidades de 2, 4 e 6 lagartas m-² (gaiola), além de uma testemunha sem lagartas. O período de convivência das lagartas com as plantas foi de 15 dias, sendo as densidades conferidas diariamente para manter o número correto de lagartas. No estádio reprodutivo, R5.3 foi o mais prejudicado pelos danos da lagarta. Maiores populações de H. armigera m-² ocasionam aumento do número de legumes danificados com duas e/ou três perfurações por legume. O nível de uma lagarta m-² causa a redução em produção de grãos na ordem de 104,40, 266,42 e 374,69 kg ha-1 quando infesta a soja nos estádios V3, R3 e R5.3, respectivamente. No segundo artigo, foi avaliado o comportamento das lagartas infestadas nas plantas de soja em estádios fenológicos. Os experimentos foram realizados na safra agrícola 2013/14 e 2014/15, em Santa Maria/RS. As unidades experimentais foram formadas por gaiolas de ferro, recobertas por tecido do tipo voal, contendo nove plantas de soja, colocadas sobre a cultura apenas no período de avaliação. As plantas de soja foram infestadas com 20 lagartas de 3º ínstar, nos estádios V7, R2 e R4. Em cada estádio, as avaliações comportamentais das lagartas foram realizadas de três em três horas, durante dois dias (48 horas), registrando as atividades das 20 lagartas. As avaliações foram realizadas visualmente, observando as seguintes variáveis: posição que a lagarta ocupa na planta; a atividade da lagarta; e a estrutura da planta ocupada pela lagarta. No estádio vegetativo, a lagarta H. armigera se localiza nas páginas adaxiais do terço superior da planta de soja. No estádio reprodutivo, as lagartas se localizam nas estruturas reprodutivas do terço médio e superior das plantas. Os horários do dia (temperatura e umidade relativa) têm influência na alimentação da lagarta e alteram a distribuição das lagartas nos terços da planta.
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Shu, Sherry T. „Pathogenesis and Treatments of Humoral Hypercalcemia of Malignancy in Adult T-Cell Leukemia/Lymphoma Induced by Human T Lymphotropic Virus Type 1“. The Ohio State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1245283708.
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Herckelrath, Tanja. „Genexpressionsmuster nach Behandlung von Hepatomzellen mit dem Cytokin TGF-beta bzw. mit Tumorpromotoren“. [S.l. : s.n.], 2004. http://www.bsz-bw.de/cgi-bin/xvms.cgi?SWB11482176.
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Queiroz, André Lima. „O microRNA miR-696 regula a expressão da proteína PGC-1α e induz à disfunção mitocondrial em células musculares de camundongos através do sistema SNARK/miR-696/PGC-1α“. Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/17/17131/tde-30032017-162044/.
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A disfunção mitocondrial pode ser um mecanismo chave associado à ocorrência de doenças metabólicas como o diabetes. Neste contexto, é importante obeservar os mecanismos envolvidos nesse processo. MicroRNAs (miRs) são conhecidos por regular a expressão de genes em vários processos fisiológicos, incluindo o metabolismo de glicose e ácidos graxos, biogênese mitocondrial, proliferação, diferenciação e morte celular no músculo esquelético. Usando análise \"in silico\" (Sfold2.2) identificamos 219 microRNAs que, potencialmente, se ligam à região 3 \'UTR do PGC-1?, um gene envolvido na biogênese mitocondrial e no metabolismo de glicose. Dos 219 candidatos, encontramos um alto valor de energia livre de hibridização entre o microRNA miR-696 e PGC-1? (-29,8 kcal / mol), sugerindo que o miR-696 poderia estar envolvido na regulação negativa do PGC-1? resultando em disfunção mitocondrial. Consistente com esta hipótese, observamos que a expressão do miR-696 apresentou-se aumentada nos músculos esqueléticos de dois modelos de camundongos com diabetes: camundongos diabéticos induzidos por STZ e camundongos alimentados com dieta hiperlipídica. Para compreender se o miR-696 regula a disfunção mitocondrial utilizamos células musculares C2C12 expostas a uma alta dose de ácido palmítico (700 µM) durante 24 horas, o que causou uma redução na expressão de genes mitocondriais, bem como no consumo de oxigênio. Vale destacar que a inibição do miR-696 através da transfecção de oligonucleotídeos antisenso (ASO) preveniu, parcialmente, a perda da função mitocondrial de células C2C12 tratadas com ácido palmítico. Curiosamente, não houve nenhuma alteração nos níveis de miR-696 em modelos envolvidos com a proteína AMPK, tal como em células C2C12 incubadas com uma droga ativadora de AMPK (AICAR) e no músculo esquelético de camundongos transgênicos superexpressando AMPK?2 com o domínio quinase inativo ou AMPK?3 com mutação de ativação crônica (R70Q). Em contraste, a expressão alterada de uma quinase relacionadas com a AMPK, SNF1-AMPK-related kinase (SNARK), recentemente demonstrada por ter sua expressão aumentada em virtude do envelhecimento, exerceu efeitos significativos sobre a expressão do miR- 696, como por exemplo sua redução dependente do knockdown de SNARK em células C2C12. Consistente com estes resultados, a superexpressão de SNARK em células C2C12 resultou no aumento da expressão do miR-696 e redução na expressão do PGC-1?, bem como no consumo de oxigénio. Nossos resultados demonstram que o estresse metabólico aumenta a expressão do miR-696 no músculo esquelético, que por sua vez inibe a sinalização da PGC-1? e a função mitocondrial. Ainda, apesar da AMPK não se apresentar como mediadora da expressão do miR-696, SNARK pode desempenhar um papel neste processo através do mecanismo de sinalização SNARKmiR-696-PGC-1?.Mitochondrial dysfunction may be a key underlying mechanism for occurrence of metabolic disease and diabetes; thus elucidating how this process occurs is of great value. MicroRNAs (miRs) are known to regulate gene expression in several physiological processes including metabolism, mitochondrial biogenesis, proliferation, differentiation and cell death in multiple tissues including adipose tissue and skeletal muscle. Using \"in silico\" analysis (Sfold2.2) we identified 219 unique microRNAs that potentially bind to the 3\'UTR region of PGC-1?, a gene involved in mitochondrial biogenesis and glucose metabolism. Out of the 219 candidates, there was a high value of hybridization free energy between the microRNA miR-696 and PGC-1? (- 29.8 kcal/mol), suggesting that miR-696 could be involved in the downregulation of PGC-1?, which in turn could cause mitochondrial dysfunction. Consistent with this hypothesis we found that miR-696 expression was increased in the skeletal muscles of two mouse models of diabetes that have impaired mitochondrial function: STZ-induced diabetic mice and chronic high fat fed mice. To understand if miR-696 regulates mitochondrial dysfunction we used C2C12 muscle cells exposed to a high dose of palmitic acid (700 µM) for 24 hours, which caused a decrease in mitochondrial gene expression and in oxygen consumption. Importantly, inhibition of miR-696 using an antisense oligo approach rescued the mitochondrial function by restoration of mitochondrial-related genes and increased oxygen consumption in the palmitic acid-treated C2C12 cells. Interestingly, there was no change in miR-696 levels in models involved with AMPactivated protein kinase such as C2C12 cells incubated with AICAR, skeletal muscle from AMPK?2 dominant-negative transgenic mice, and transgenic mice overexpressing the activating R70Q AMPK mutation. In contrast, altered expression of the AMPK-related kinase, SNF1- AMPK-related kinase (SNARK), recently shown to increase with aging, had significant effects on miR-696 expression. Knockdown of SNARK in C2C12 cells significantly decreased miR-696. Consistent with these findings, SNARK overexpression in C2C12 cells increased miR-696 concomitant with a decrease in PGC-1? expression and decreased oxygen consumption. Our findings demonstrate that metabolic stress increases miR-696 expression in skeletal muscle which in turn inhibits PGC-1? signaling and mitochondrial function. While AMPK does not mediate miR-696 expression, SNARK may play a role in this process through a SNARK-miR- 696-PGC-1? signaling mechanism.
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Torres-Palsa, Maria Jose. „ICAM-1 in Skeletal Muscle Disease and Regeneration“. University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1461860958.
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Schmidts, Miriam. „Neph-Proteine interagieren mit dem Multiadapterprotein ZO-1“. [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2005. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=975527398.
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