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1
Smith, A. Christopher. „The Edinburgh Connection: Between the Serampore Mission and Western Missiology“. Missiology: An International Review 18, Nr. 2 (April 1990): 185–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/009182969001800206.
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Voilà! A pre-Victorian publication which evaluated voluntary-society mission-structures and so anticipated many insights that mission statesmen would develop during the nineteenth century. The “declaration of intent” produced by Baptist leaders from Serampore and Edinburgh in the mid-1820s challenged the Baptist Missionary Society to overhaul its promotion and supervision of missions overseas. Unfortunately, this constructive appeal was never granted a considered public response by metropolitan leaders, and it slipped out of mission minds within a decade or so. Its rediscovery sheds light on the identity of the post-Ward “Serampore Fraternity” and their prophetic missiological legacy.
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Kumar, Prashant. „Intents of green advertisements“. Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics 29, Nr. 1 (09.01.2017): 70–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/apjml-03-2016-0044.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore intents of green advertisements. Design/methodology/approach Using NVivo, a convenient sample of 237 green print advertisements published between August 2010 and July 2015 in leading Indian newspapers and magazines were content analysed. Findings Four types of intents of green advertisements were identified: intent to communicate corporate environmental approaches; intent to develop believability towards environmental claims; intent to inform consumers; and intent to engage consumers. Research limitations/implications This study explored intents of green advertisements and elaborated upon strategic importance of content in green advertising. Practical implications The intent-based exploration of green advertisements indicates marketing managers of green products the importance of: expanding their advertising framework that incorporates sharing environmental vision and mission of their companies with consumers, and relating them with consumers’ needs and demands; inculcating functional, emotional and experiential elements in green advertisements that facilitate green product experience to the consumers; and active interactions between marketing managers and consumers for effectively capturing market-related information, and accordingly shaping their short- and long-term marketing and advertising decisions. Originality/value This study is unique to determine intents of green advertisements.
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Campbell, Andrew, und Sally Yeung. „Brief case: Mission, vision and strategic intent“. Long Range Planning 24, Nr. 4 (August 1991): 145–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0024-6301(91)90015-g.
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WEI-TSING INOUYE, MELISSA. „Cultural Technologies: The long and unexpected life of the Christian mission encounter, North China, 1900–30“. Modern Asian Studies 53, Nr. 6 (02.08.2019): 2007–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026749x18000525.
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AbstractThis article uses the case of the London Missionary Society (LMS) in China to argue that disruptive cultural technologies—namely organizational forms and tools—were just as significant within Christian mission encounters as religious doctrines or material technologies. LMS missionaries did not convert as many Chinese to Christianity as they hoped, but their auxiliary efforts were more successful. The LMS mission project facilitated the transfer of certain cultural technologies such as church councils to administer local congregations or phonetic scripts to facilitate literacy. Once in the hands of native Christians and non-Christians alike, these cultural technologies could be freely adapted for a variety of purposes and ends that often diverged from the missionaries’ original intent and expectation. This article draws on the letters and reports of missionaries of the London Missionary Society in North China from roughly 1900 to 1930—the period during which self-governing Protestant congregations took root in China and many places around the world. The spread of church government structures and a culture of Bible-reading enabled Chinese within the mission sphere to create new forms of collective life. These new forms of community not only tied into local networks, but also connected to transnational flows of information, finances, and personnel. Native Christian communities embraced new, alternative sources of community authority—the power of God working through a group of ordinary people or through the biblical text—that proved both attractive and disruptive.
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Zwetsch, Roberto E. „God’s Mission Challenges from the Otherness“. Exchange 44, Nr. 1 (07.04.2015): 5–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1572543x-12341348.
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This article raises relevant aspects of the dialogue missiology regarding Abya Yala religions and cultures. It is based on the concept of missio Dei as critical to the Christian missionary experience in Latin America, and discusses some historical examples, including Bartolomé de Las Casas, José de Acosta, Felipe Guaman Poma de Ayala and Jorge Benci, in order to arrive at the proposals for inculturation and interculturality, as the present day challenges to innovative missionary action. It declares respect and love for the ‘other’ as the starting point for a journey responding to the passion of the God of Life for humanity and dignity of all peoples and cultures. It tries to rewrite mission theology as a ‘decolonizing’ task, at a time and in a world dominated by Western culture. This requires a difficult, but essential, ‘intercultural decentering’ (Josef Estermann), which is both a rupture and a personal, philosophical, theological and pastoral conversion in this direction. Examples derived from ‘critical Pentecostal’ theology can help us in this intent.
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Leveton, Lauren B., Bethany H. Drum, Peter Engel und Timothy K. O'Donohue. „Human Factors Considerations for Enhancing Performance in the Naval Airship“. Proceedings of the Human Factors Society Annual Meeting 31, Nr. 4 (September 1987): 410–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193128703100406.
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The purpose of this research and review effort was to make recommendations for enhancing human performance on a conceptual airship under consideration for maritime use by the U.S. Navy. The major intent was to determine an optimal work/rest schedule and corresponding crew size (See Figure 1). These recommendations assumed an inflight mission duration of 30 days with crew exchange after the mission is completed, continuous operations throughout the mission, and certain pre-determined crew positions. Based on an analysis of analogous systems and review of state-of-the-art research, recommendations for optimal and alternative work/rest cycles were made and the impact on crew size was identified. The authors concluded that a specifically sized crew can maintain acceptable levels of performance during airship missions of 30 to 60 days duration if an appropriate work/rest schedule is followed and minimum habitability requirements are met. Accordingly, recommendations for habitability requirements were made for the following areas: volume, temperature and humidity, lighting, noise and vibration, decor, privacy, personal hygiene and waste management, food, medical support, and leisure and recreation.
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Kitiarsa, Pattana. „Missionary Intent and Monastic Networks: Thai Buddhism as a Transnational Religion“. Journal of Social Issues in Southeast Asia 25, Nr. 1 (30.04.2010): 109–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1355/sj25-1e.
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Fox, Julianne, David Merwin, Roger Marsh, George McConkie und Arthur Kramer. „Information Extraction during Instrument Flight: An Evaluation of the Validity of the Eye-Mind Hypothesis“. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 40, Nr. 2 (Oktober 1996): 77–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193129604000215.
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A study was performed to determine the extent to which flight-relevant information on instruments peripheral to fixation is extracted and used during fixed-wing instrument flight. Twenty student and twenty instructor pilots flew a series of missions in a fixed-wing flight simulator which was interfaced with an eye-tracker. In one mission flight-relevant information was removed from instruments peripheral to fixation while in the other mission peripheral information was intact. Pilots' performance was degraded and eye scan strategies were modified when peripheral information was removed. Furthermore, in several situations instructor pilots' performance was more adversely influenced by the removal of peripheral information than was student pilots' performance. The data are discussed in terms of attentional strategies during flight.
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Okulate, G. T., und C. Oguine. „Homicidal violence during foreign military missions - prevention and legal issues“. South African Journal of Psychiatry 12, Nr. 1 (01.03.2006): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajpsychiatry.v12i1.52.
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<p><strong>Objectives.</strong> The study involved Nigerian soldiers engaged in peacekeeping missions in Liberia and Yugoslavia. Using case illustrations, the study sought to describe patterns of homicidal violence among soldiers from the same country or soldiers from allied forces, and to suggest possible reasons for the attacks.<strong> </strong></p><p><strong>Design and setting.</strong> Nigeria was actively involved in peacekeeping missions in Liberia between 1990 and 1996. During this period, intentional homicidal attacks occurred among the Nigerian military personnel. Post- homicidal interviews conducted among the perpetrators were combined with evidence obtained at military courts to produce the case studies.</p><p><strong>Subjects.</strong> Six Nigerian military personnel who attacked other Nigerians or soldiers from allied forces, with homicidal intent.</p><p><strong>Results.</strong> Possible predisposing and precipitating factors for these attacks were highlighted. The possibility of recognising these factors before embarking on overseas missions was discussed, so that preventive measures could be instituted as far as possible. Finally, medico-legal implications of homicide in the military were discussed.</p><p><strong>Conclusions.</strong> A certain degree of pre-combat selection is essential to exclude soldiers with definite severe psychopathology. A clearly defined length of duty in the mission areas and adequate communication with home could reduce maladjustment. Health personnel deployed to mission areas should be very conversant with mental health issues so that early recognition of psychological maladjustment is possible.</p>
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Galloway, Ann-Christe. „Grants and Acquisitions“. College & Research Libraries News 79, Nr. 9 (04.10.2018): 524. http://dx.doi.org/10.5860/crln.79.9.524.
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A gift of $2.5 million has been given to Washington and Lee University (W&L) to establish the Hal F. and Barbra Buckner Higginbotham University Librarian Endowment through a charitable deferred irrevocable pledge from the estate of the Higginbothams. John Tombarge, W&L’s university librarian, will hold the inaugural position, the first to be established specifically for a faculty member of the W&L library. It is only one of a handful of similar endowments across the country. The gift marked the occasion of Hal Higginbotham’s 50th reunion of the W&L Class of 1968, which provided a gift of just over $11 million to the university. The couple’s intent is to support special opportunities and needs of Leyburn Library in enriching the university’s academic mission. The Higginbothams intend to begin funding the endowment with occasional outright gifts.
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NISTORESCU, Claudiu Valer. „MISSION COMMAND – AN ESSENTIAL REQUIREMENT TO ACCOMPLISH THE MISSION“. STRATEGIES XXI - Command and Staff College 17, Nr. 1 (23.07.2021): 198–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.53477/2668-2028-21-24.
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Abstract: Today’s conflicts generate a complexity of requirements including command and control challenges, deployment and maneuver issues, delivering superior firepower, ensuring appropriate sustainment and protection and others. Present battlefields as much as in the past impose a different philosophy of command. Uncertainty, ambiguity and frictions are inherent in combat and commanders have to express their initiative in order to exploit fleeting opportunities and strike enemy’s vulnerabilities. Therefore, an effective command way of thinking is needed. Mission command is the philosophy of command that gives commanders the authority to manifest and exercise their initiative in conducting military operations. The key in mission command philosophy is commanders’ clear intent and subordinate commanders’ willing to act.
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Ion, Andrew Hamish. „Transnational Christian Activities in a Colonial Setting“. Social Sciences and Missions 30, Nr. 1-2 (2017): 119–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18748945-03001008.
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This paper looks at the issue of transnational Christian activities in a colonial setting through a case study of the overseas missionary work of the Nippon Seikôkai (NSKK). Missionary work in the Japanese overseas empire offers an example of Western and Japanese missionary societies and missionaries working in a colonial setting where the colonial overlord was neither European nor Christian but still intent to use religion for the benefit of its imperial rule. As the example of the NSKK shows after 1937 nationalistic concerns rather than transnational ones had become the dominant force behind Japanese overseas missionary work.
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Massarella, Derek. „Envoys and Illusions: the Japanese embassy to Europe, 1582–90, De Missione Legatorvm Iaponensium, and the Portuguese viceregal embassy to Toyotomi Hideyoshi, 1591“. Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society 15, Nr. 3 (November 2005): 329–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1356186305005304.
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AbstractOn 20 February 1582 when Alessandro Valignano, Visitor to the Jesuit missions in the East Indies (the geographical area from Goa eastwards, to Japan, and southwards, to the Indonesian archipelago) left Japan, the country had been in a state of civil war, (the sengoku jidai) for more than a century. That was about to change. Oda Nobunaga had succeeded in uniting the central and western parts of Honshu under his rule and was intent on imposing his rule over the rest of the country. The Jesuits considered him if not quite a patron, then certainly someone sympathetic to Christianity and their mission in Japan. Yet on 22 June Nobunaga died, the victim of an attack by an ambitious rival, and ironically, considering the previous esteem in which he had been held, unlamented by the Jesuits who believed that during the final months of his life he had transformed himself into a megalomanic tyrant, a Nebuchadnezzar.
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McCarty, Kieran. „Mission Manifesto: A Document“. Americas 43, Nr. 3 (Januar 1987): 347–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1006768.
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The Spanish mission system was a tool of empire. If we consider it oppressive by modern standards, it was—at least in intent—a lesser of the many evils invariably accompanying the historical tactics of imperialism. With the Enlightenment and the new world republican movements of the early nineteenth century, the lot of the “mission Indian” grew worse rather than better. Although along with the other “citizens” of the new American republics he was declared “liberated,” he soon found out that some citizens were more liberated than others. With the rejection of the centralized authority of the Spanish monarchy, land-grabbing became the order of the day and Indian lands were the easiest target.
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Winner, Jennifer L., Jared T. Freeman, Nancy J. Cooke und Gerald F. Goodwin. „A Metric for the Shared Interpretation of Commander's Intent“. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 51, Nr. 3 (Oktober 2007): 122–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193120705100301.
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An enduring challenge in management and in military command is ensuring that subordinates select actions as their leader would, particularly when circumstances change unexpectedly. An experiment was conducted to test a measure of shared interpretation of commander's intent and its effects on the adaptability of subordinates. Performance was measured in the context of a simulated law enforcement task. A course of action ranking procedure was used as a measure of interpretation of intent with rank order correlation reflecting shared interpretation. The study validates a measure of shared interpretation of commander's intent and supports the hypothesis that making values explicit enhances shared interpretation and adaptability. The findings indicate that when missions change in unexpected ways, a commander's intent statement that presents the values by which actions are to be prioritized produces greater agreement between commander and subordinates on action preferences than do intent statements that prescribe command preference for specific actions.
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Pierno, Franco. „À la lisière de l’ « autre monde » Le Pérou dans la Relatione breve de Diego de Torres Bollo (1603)“. Renaissance and Reformation 34, Nr. 1-2 (13.03.2012): 61–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.33137/rr.v34i1-2.16168.
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In 1603, Diego de Torres Bollo (1550–1638), Jesuit procurator of the province of Peru, published in Rome his Relatione Breve, one of the first printed accounts of early Jesuit missionary activities in South America. The work was an instant success: in 1604 a second Italian edition was published in Venice, as well as translations into Latin (Antwerp) and French (Paris). The Relatione was typical of many Jesuit accounts of the period, that is, it consisted of a skillfully arranged montage of letters from the missions, written for the express purpose of attracting new vocations to missionary work in South America. To the detriment of this editorial success, with the exception of the major bibliographical repertories, de Torres Bollo’s text is rarely used and seldom cited by historians, and is even paradoxically absent in historical undertaking such as Rubén Vargas Ugarte’s Historia de la Compañía de Jesús en el Perú; furthermore, there is no modern edition, not even a diplomatic transcription, in the important Monumenta Peruana. With this contribution, I intend not only to inform those who read a little-known work, but also to demonstrate how it constitutes a decisive moment in the genesis of the “relation” genre in the first decades of written Jesuit communication.
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Koro-Ljungberg, Mirka, Marco Gemignani, Shane Chaplin, Sharon Hayes und Ivy Haoyin Hsieh. „“Mission Civilisatrice”“. International Review of Qualitative Research 1, Nr. 4 (Februar 2009): 491–513. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/irqr.2009.1.4.491.
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In this paper, we take issue with the supposed superiority of specific epistemologies, methodologies, and research practices, as well as the neocolonialist practices of discovery, development and interpretation of evidence. Furthermore, we illustrate how the colonization of evidence is enacted through discourses of domination, subjectivication, and civilization. We maintain that these practices and discourses intend to establish more unified, narrow, and easily controlled fields of science. In reaction, we argue that the dismantling of systems of domination and hegemony may result from the scientists' commitment to cross the political and methodological boundaries of their practice. Evidence is not about a particular type of data or knowledge, but about how researchers consciously and responsibly operate in various epistemological, methodological, and empirical spaces. Thus, evidence cannot be defined; it can only be described within specific cultural and epistemological contexts.
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Thigpen, Jennifer. „"You Have Been Very Thoughtful Today": The Significance of Gratitude and Reciprocity in Missionary-Hawaiian Gift Exchange“. Pacific Historical Review 79, Nr. 4 (01.11.2010): 545–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/phr.2010.79.4.545.
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In October 1819 the first company of American missionaries set sail for the Hawaiian Islands with the express intent of converting its inhabitants to Christianity. The missionaries earnestly believed that they might provide Hawaiian Islanders with the dual gifts of civilization and salvation and were eager to set about the work of bestowing them. Missionaries were surprised to discover that Hawaiians had gifts of their own to bestow, interrupting the missionary agenda almost from the moment of their arrival. Exploring the unspoken and often symbolic language of gifts, this article offers a re-examination of early Hawaiian-missionary contact to argue that Hawaiian and missionary women——who situated themselves at the very center of the exchange of things——were powerful figures in this missionary and colonial drama.
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Blau, Gary, John DiMino, Allyce Barron, Kathleen Davis, Kelly Grace und Andrea Lopez. „Testing the Impact of Brief Counseling on Non-Urgent Client Self-Esteem, Social Connectedness, Recommending Their University and Active Alumnus Intent“. Journal of Educational and Developmental Psychology 8, Nr. 2 (10.06.2018): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jedp.v8n2p29.
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The purpose of this study was to test brief counseling impact on four outcomes. Two outcomes, self-esteem and social connectedness, were more typical for a University Counseling Center (UCC) to address. However, two other outcomes were more related to a university’s academic mission, i.e., recommending the university and active alumnus intent. Using a longitudinal sample of 60 matched non-urgent undergraduate clients at a UCC, brief counseling increased all four outcomes: social connectedness, self-esteem, recommending the university, and active alumnus intent. For this study, brief counseling was defined as a median of three counseling sessions after intake (range 1 to 8) over a median period of six weeks (range 4 to 10 weeks). In addition, these scale means were compared to a control group of business undergraduates not in counseling. The counseled sample at Time 2 compared favorably to the non-counseled sample on recommending the university and active alumnus intent. To better support its students’ success and university enrollments, UCCs need to consider new avenues to promote their advocacy by gathering data more directly connected to a university’s mission.
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Drønen, Tomas Sundnes. „A Missionary Discourse on Conversion: Norwegian Missionaries in Adamawa, Northern Cameroon 1934–1960 Un discours missionnaire sur la conversion. Les missionnaires norvégiens à Adamawa, Nord Cameroun, 1934–1960. Eine missionarische Erklärung der Bekehrung. Norwegische Missionare in Adamawa, Nordkamerun 1934–1960 Un discurso misionero sobre la conversión. Misioneros noruegos en Ada mawa, norte del Camerún 1934–1960“. Mission Studies 24, Nr. 1 (2007): 99–126. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157338307x191598.
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AbstractThis article seeks to shed light on a much-debated question in the history of mission and anthropology: What is the nature of religious conversion? rough archive studies of the literature produced by the Norwegian missionaries in northern Cameroon from 1943 to 1960 the author shows how the missionaries interpreted religious conversion. The missionary discourse on conversion was biased in a specific theological and cultural environment, yet it was open for negotiations with the encountered population. The missionaries used biblical images to describe conversion to Christianity that were coherent with the cultural practices of both the missionaries and the groups that accepted the message of the missionaries in order to describe conversion to Christianity. Biblical images that corresponded with the cultural practice of groups that did not accept the missionaries are, however, absent from the material. A Western Protestant discourse presented spiritual and social oppression, ignorance, sickness, and lack of moral behaviour as obstacles the Africans had to be liberated from in order to be converted to Christianity. The missionaries, lacking knowledge about the social and religious organisation of traditional society, interpreted the "spiritual oppression" as "heathendom," and interpreted it according to their own theological paradigm. The reactions of the local population to this civilising mission made the missionaries modify their approach in order for their project to fit the agency of the new Christians in northern Cameroon. Cet article cherche à éclairer une question très débattue en histoire de la mission et en anthropologie : quelle est la nature de la conversion religieuse ? Étudiant les archives de la littérature produite par les missionnaires norvégiens au Nord Cameroun, de 1943 à 1960, l'auteur montre comment les missionnaires ont interprété la conversion religieuse. Le discours missionnaire sur la conversion a été biaisé par un environnement théologique et culturel spécifique, tout en étant ouvert à la négociation avec les populations rencontrées. Pour décrire la conversion au christianisme, les missionnaires ont utilisé des images bibliques cohérentes avec les pratiques culturelles et des missionnaires et des groupes qui acceptèrent leur message. Les images correspondant à la pratique culturelle des groupes n'ayant pas accepté les missionnaires sont cependant absentes du matériel étudié. Un discours occidental protestant présentait l'oppression spirituelle et sociale, l'ignorance, la maladie et le manque de comportement moral comme des obstacles dont les Africains devaient être libérés pour se convertir au christianisme. Manquant de connaissance sur l'organisation sociale et religieuse de la société traditionnelle, les missionnaires interprétèrent l'oppression spirituelle comme « paganisme » et lui donnèrent le sens du paradigme théologique qu'ils comprenaient, celui du christianisme occidental. Les réactions de la population locale à cette mission civilisatrice ont poussé les missionnaires à modifier leur approche de façon à ce que leur projet rentre dans les schémas des nouveaux chrétiens du Nord Cameroun. Dieser Artikel versucht, eine vieldiskutierte Frage in der Geschichte von Mission und Anthropologie zu beleuchten: Welcher Natur ist die religiöse Bekehrung? Durch Archivstudien der Literatur, die norwegische Missionare in Nordkamerun zwischen 1934 und 1960 produzierten, sucht der Autor zu zeigen, wie die Missionare die religiöse Bekehrung interpretierten. Die missionarische Erklärung wurde durch eine spezifische theologische und kulturelle Umgebung beeinflusst, war aber auch offen für Verhandlungen mit der Bevölkerung vor Ort. Die Missionare verwendeten für die Bekehrung zum Christentum biblische Bilder, die mit den kulturellen Praktiken sowohl der Missionare wie auch der Gruppen übereinstimmten, die die Botschaft der Missionare annahmen. Biblische Bilder solcher Gruppen, die die Missionare nicht annahmen, finden sich allerdings im untersuchten Material nicht. Ein westlich protestantischer Diskurs stellte die spirituelle und soziale Unterdrückung, Unwissenheit, Krankheit und das Fehlen moralischen Handelns als Hindernisse dar, von denen die Afrikaner befreit werden mussten, damit sie zum Christentum bekehrt werden konnten. Die Missionare, denen die Kenntnis der sozialen und religiösen Struktur der traditionellen Gesellschaft fehlte, interpretierten die ,,spirituelle Unterdrückung" als ,,Heidentum", in Übereinstimmung mit einem theologischen Paradigma, das sie kannten, nämlich das westliche Christentum. Die Reaktionen der Bevölkerung vor Ort auf diese Zivilisierungsmission führten dazu, dass die Missionare ihren Zugang veränderten, damit sich ihr Vorhaben in das Handlungsmuster der jungen Christen in Nordkamerun einfügen konnte. Este artículo intenta aclarar un tema muy discutido en la historia de la misión y antropología: ¿Cuál es la naturaleza de la conversión religiosa? A través de estudios de archivos de la literatura producida por misioneros noruegos en el norte de Camerún entre 1934 hasta 1960 el autor muestra cómo los misioneros interpretaron la conversión religiosa. El discurso misionero de la conversión fue influenciado por un ambiente teológico y cultural específico, aunque fue abierto a negociaciones con la población que se encontró. Los misioneros usaron imágenes bíblicas para describir la conversión al cristianismo que eran coherentes con las prácticas culturales tanto de los misioneros como de los grupos que aceptaron el mensaje de los misioneros. Por el contrario, no entraron en el material las imágenes bíblicas que correspondieron con la práctica cultural de grupos que no aceptaron a los misioneros. El discurso protestante occidental presentó la opresión espiritual y social, la ignorancia, la enfermedad y la falta de comportamiento moral como los obstáculos de los que se debía liberar a los africanos para que se los pudiera convertir al cristianismo. Los misioneros, en su desconocimiento de la organización social y religiosa de la sociedad tradicional, interpretaron la "opresión espiritual" como "paganismo" y lo interpretaron de acuerdo con un paradigma que ellos sí comprendieron: el cristianismo occidental. Las reacciones de la población local a esta misión civilizadora llevaron a los misioneros a modificar su acercamiento para que su proyecto pudiera integrarse mejor en la actuación de los nuevos cristianos del norte de Camerún.
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Shehadeh, Muhammad S., und Mahmud H. Wardat. „Investigation of Speech Acts of the Provisional Agreement of Intent“. International Journal of English Linguistics 7, Nr. 4 (16.07.2017): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijel.v7n4p8.
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This study investigated the provisional agreement of intent or the so called (Atwa) as a means of reconciling tribal disputes and conflicts from a socio-pragmatic perspective. The data consisted of forty provisional agreement documents on car accidents occasions, three video-recorded interactions and information collected via personal contacts with twelve interlocutors. The video-recorded materials and documents were categorized in accordance with politeness speech acts. The interviews concentrated on the personal details of the interlocutors in order to specify the main characteristics of those people and why they were chosen for this mission. This research finds out that frequently exchanged politeness strategies in the provisional agreement interaction include request, apology, honorifics, offering, compliment and thanking. Additionally, the researchers also found out that age, level of education, social rank, religion and socio-economic status were the sociolinguistic variables behind choosing the interlocutor.
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Balmforth, Mark E. „2019 Barnard Prize Winner - A Nation of Ink and Paint: Map Drawing and Geographic Pedagogy in the American Ceylon Mission“. History of Education Quarterly 59, Nr. 4 (November 2019): 468–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/heq.2019.40.
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Emma Willard's map-drawing geographic pedagogy revolutionized early nineteenth-century American education, turning students into participants in the crafting of the new nation. This essay explores the conditions under which map drawing was transported to American missionary schools in South Asia and helped instigate a Tamil nation in British Ceylon. What did the missionaries intend the teaching method to impart? What were the consequences of this pedagogical form on dominant Tamil portrayals of space and identity in Ceylon? To answer these questions and to track the foreign career of American didactic mapmaking, this essay draws on print and manuscript archival materials, including two maps by a Tamil student at the American Ceylon Mission named Robert Breckenridge. The essay argues that the use of map-drawing pedagogy in Ceylon partially transmitted American ways of being in the world, which were consequential for local spatial knowledges and the crafting of a Tamil national identity on the island.
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Villi, Mikko, und Kaori Hayashi. „“The Mission is to Keep this Industry Intact”“. Journalism Studies 18, Nr. 8 (25.11.2015): 960–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1461670x.2015.1110499.
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Morrison, Hugh. „British World Protestant Children, Young People, Education and the Missionary Movement, c.1840s–1930s“. Studies in Church History 55 (Juni 2019): 463–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/stc.2018.11.
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This article considers the evolving relationship between Protestant children, pedagogy and the missionary movement across the British world. From the 1840s, children were a central focus of missionary society philanthropy. By the time of the 1910 World Missionary Conference, missionary and denominational thinkers were consistently highlighting their strategic importance and the need for clear policy that was focused on children's education. This article traces the ways in which this emphasis developed, and the impact that it had among the children involved. It argues that the children's missionary movement was educational at heart, wherein philanthropy and pedagogy went hand in hand. In particular, over the long nineteenth century all the players consistently emphasized the importance of nurturing a ‘missionary spirit’, a notion that was primarily religious in intent but which in practice moved from pragmatic philanthropy to a more formalized emphasis on education and identity formation. The article introduces representative ways by which this was articulated, drawing on examples from a range of British world contexts in which different communities of Protestant children were engaged educationally and philanthropically in very similar ways.
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Lewis, Bonnie Sue. „Male and Female: Created to Be Partners in Mission“. Missiology: An International Review 33, Nr. 3 (Juli 2005): 313–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/009182960503300305.
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A growing body of literature focuses on the many contributions of women to the theory and practice of mission. This corrective is long overdue. What perhaps is overlooked in this process is the reminder that within the ‘missio Dei’ is God's intent that mission be carried out in true partnership: male and female together. We can be grateful that that vision was embraced by several early Presbyterian missionaries in Alaska, and it provided a seedbed for today's collegial relations between women and men who together are serving as mission practitioners and professors at most of our Presbyterian and other mainline seminaries.
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Veit, Walter F. „Missionaries and their ethnographic instructions“. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria 127, Nr. 1 (2015): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rs15007.
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When in the 1880s and 1890s German Lutheran missionaries were sent to Australia from their colleges in Hermannsburg in Lower Saxony and Neuendettelsau in Bavaria to work among the Australian indigenous peoples of the Northern Territory, they had no ethnological education to speak of. This was particularly true for Carl Strehlow who, born in 1871 and educated from 1888 to 1891 at the Lutheran Missionary College in Neuendettelsau, arrived in Adelaide in 1892 and went straight to work with Pastor Reuther among the Diari in Killalpaninna, south of Lake Eyre. From there, in 1894, he was sent to Hermannsburg to resurrect the abandoned Lutheran Mission Station of the Finke River Mission, owned by the South Australian Immanuel Synod. The records of the curriculum in Neuendettelsau show no subjects teaching the theory and practice of ethnology. However, his ethnographic work among the local tribes of the Arrernte and Loritja is today still considered a classic in the field. As a contribution to the history of research methodology in the field of ethnology, I intend to give a brief outline of 1) the early development of scientific research instructions in general, and 2) as a special case, Carl Strehlow’s learning process in form of letters with questions and answers between himself in Hermannsburg and his editors in Frankfurt.
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Eze, Felicia, Murat Akyüz und Opusunju Michael Isaac. „Effect of Strategic Intent on Performance of Small and Medium Scale Printing Press Firms in Abuja, Nigeria“. Entrepreneurship Review 1, Nr. 2 (18.09.2020): 26–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.38157/entrepreneurship-review.v1i2.166.
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Purpose: This study investigates the effect of strategic intent on the performance of small and medium scale printing firms in Federal Capital Territory (FCT), Abuja, Nigeria.
Methods: The population of the study included all the small and medium scale printing press in Abuja which is 226 and the sample size of 68. A multiple regression model was formulated to estimate the effect of strategic intent (vision, mission, and objectives) on performance (growth) of small and medium scale printing press firms in Abuja. The study also adopted a control variable such as finance to have a better coefficient of determination.
Findings: The study found that strategic intent had a positive and significant effect on the growth of small and medium scale printing press firms in Nigeria. The study also found that finance (collateral, access to finance, and insufficient finance) had a negative and insignificant effect on the growth of small and medium scale printing press firms in Nigeria.
Implication: Small and medium printing press firms in Abuja, FCT should communicate their vision, mission statement, and objectives to their employees. The microfinance banks in collaboration with the central bank of Nigeria should minimize collateral conditions in obtaining microcredit from microfinance banks.
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Park, Myeong Sik, Inhea Kim, Keun Young Huh und Hai Dang Bui. „Recognition and Intent-to-Participate of Rural Migrants on Urban and Rural Exchange Business in Namhae County, South Korea“. Journal of People, Plants, and Environment 24, Nr. 3 (30.06.2021): 285–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.11628/ksppe.2021.24.3.285.
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Background and objective Rural migrants are an important human resource in urban and rural exchange (URE) business, therefore it is necessary to enhance their awareness and intent-to-participate. This study was to analyze the rural migrants’ recognition and intent-to-participate of URE business and to propose the enhancement of them both. Methods The questionnaire was designed to analyze the socio-demographic background, motivations, satisfaction with settlement, intent-to-persist, and intent-to-participate of URE business including tourism. The data of 144 respondents was subject to the statistical analysis. Results The motives of migration were to enjoy leisure life after retirement, increased tiredness of city life, health problems, etc. The satisfaction with settlement was 3.67 at 5-point Likert scale. The intent-to-recommend and intent-to-publicize were 3.40 and 3.46, respectively. The intent-to-participate was 3.45, which was affected by the necessity of URE business and the support of central/local governments, and also showed a significant correlation with the satisfaction with settlement, intent-to-recommend, intent-to-publicize, tourism resources for green tourism or rural tourism, driving a car in Namhae county, and the service and price of meals. They thought the missions that the Namhae county office must focus on were to establish an internal/external public relations systems, establish a support system of central/local governments, and foster/support local leaders. Conclusion It is necessary to improve the satisfaction with settlement and intent-to-persist, expand exchanges with local people, improve internal/external public relations systems, foster/support leaders, improve transportation in the county, enhance the service and price of meals, and develop/operate URE programs including tourism.
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Muccio, Jim, Edward Gibson, Wubbo Ockels und Michelle Allen. „Concepts for Improving the Flight Crews Work Environment within the Esa's Attached Lab“. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 38, Nr. 1 (Oktober 1994): 56–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193129403800110.
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Man's presence in space has proved to be an extremely valuable asset. During the past thirty years of manned space flight there have been numerous instances where man's ingenuity, fortitude, ability to deal with the unexpected, weigh risks, anticipate potential problems, and propose potential solutions have been largely responsible for the success of the mission. Nevertheless, the value of man in space is limited; for it is largely determined by how much he can produce; his productivity, in turn, is determined not only by the intrinsic abilities that he brings to the job, but also by the work environment provided him. In short, it is the intent of this paper to discuss some of the concepts and recommendations under consideration by the Columbus Program's Crew Activities Office for improving the productivity of the flight crews' work environment; where gains in productivity are defined in terms of increased crew efficiency, decreased crew error, and decreased crew training requirements. In doing so, this paper will address such areas as the flight crews' activity planning, their workstation design, and their on-board training. This paper will draw heavily from past space experiences, from Skylab, Shuttle Spacelab, and Solyut missions. The concepts and recommendations proposed are the result of: (1) direct hands-on experience from former NASA, ESA, and Russian astronauts; (2) a time and motion study of a past Spacelab mission (performed to better understand where and how crews spend their time); or (3) multiple crew workstation and neutral buoyancy simulations.
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Camm, Jeffrey D. „From the Editor: IsInterfacesMeeting Its Mission?“ Interfaces 39, Nr. 4 (August 2009): 305–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/inte.1090.0457.
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Hrnčiar, Michal. „Tactical Variables – A Tool for Mission Analysis“. International conference KNOWLEDGE-BASED ORGANIZATION 25, Nr. 1 (01.06.2019): 86–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/kbo-2019-0014.
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Abstract Military operations have an evolving character that responds to the changes in the nature of the conflict. The basic nature of the operation is given by the operational themes. These have a major impact on related military activities and on their tactical tasks. The commander at the tactical level, in order to achieve the end state of the operation, must fully understand the mission, respect the superior’s intent and perceive the conditions, circumstances and influences of each individual characteristic element of the assigned area of operation. The instruments to achieve this status of comprehension are tactical variables (Mission, Enemy, Terrain and Weather, Troops available, Time available, Civil considerations - METT-TC). The aim of the article is to describe tactical variables, which at the tactical level serve as the tool for mission analysis.
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Rothkopf, Michael H. „Editorial: Interfaces' Mission, A Declaration of Dependence“. Interfaces 24, Nr. 4 (August 1994): 111–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/inte.24.4.111.
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Panton, David M., und Anita W. Elbers. „Mission Planning for Synthetic Aperture Radar Surveillance“. Interfaces 29, Nr. 2 (April 1999): 73–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/inte.29.2.73.
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Meu-Chun, Wang. „Mustafa Kemal usage of Mission Command Principles in the Gallipoli Campaign“. Safety & Defense 4 (05.10.2018): 5–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.37105/sd.2.
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The main goal of the paper is to present the leadership of Mustafa Kemal (also known as Mustafa Kemal Atatürk) during the Gallipoli Campaign in the context of mission command principles as defined by the U.S. Army Doctrine (2014). After itemizing the six mission command principles, the paper provides a brief overview of the Gallipoli Campaign, which serves as a context for further analysis of Mustafa Kemal’s leadership during the campaign. Next, four of the six principles are discussed in detail, namely (1) providing a clear commander’s intent, (2) using mission orders, (3) creating shared understanding, and (4) building cohesive teams through mutual trust. The paper is concluded with a reflection on the connectivity of the discussed principles and their current relevance for successful military leadership.
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Johnston, Joshua M., Natasha Jackson, Colin McFayden, Linh Ngo Phong, Brian Lawrence, Didier Davignon, Martin J. Wooster et al. „Development of the User Requirements for the Canadian WildFireSat Satellite Mission“. Sensors 20, Nr. 18 (07.09.2020): 5081. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20185081.
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In 2019 the Canadian Space Agency initiated development of a dedicated wildfire monitoring satellite (WildFireSat) mission. The intent of this mission is to support operational wildfire management, smoke and air quality forecasting, and wildfire carbon emissions reporting. In order to deliver the mission objectives, it was necessary to identify the technical and operational challenges which have prevented broad exploitation of Earth Observation (EO) in Canadian wildfire management and to address these challenges in the mission design. In this study we emphasize the first objective by documenting the results of wildfire management end-user engagement activities which were used to identify the key Fire Management Functionalities (FMFs) required for an Earth Observation wildfire monitoring system. These FMFs are then used to define the User Requirements for the Canadian Wildland Fire Monitoring System (CWFMS) which are refined here for the WildFireSat mission. The User Requirements are divided into Observational, Measurement, and Precision requirements and form the foundation for the design of the WildFireSat mission (currently in Phase-A, summer 2020).
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Vogelaar, Huub. „‘We Intend to Move Together in Moving the World’“. Exchange 45, Nr. 1 (23.02.2016): 38–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1572543x-12341386.
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The words ‘we intend to move together’ were expressed in the Message of the Assembly of the World Council of Churches (wcc) held in Busan, the second largest city of South Korea. It was a nuanced version of the original phrase of the first Assembly which took place in Amsterdam in 1948 expressing the strong commitment ‘we intend to stay together’. How the 345 member churches of the wcc plan to move together in the upcoming seven years till the next assembly is done in a so-called pilgrimage of justice and peace also communicated in the Message of the Assembly. Below we describe the main characteristics of the vivid 10th assembly, its appealing contexts, as well some of its outcomes. This article will however not comprise the missionary aspects of the assembly. Besides the study of assembly papers my review is also partly a personal account as I took part in the Busan Assembly with a media accreditation.
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RIJSDIJK, ERNA. „The politics of hard knowledge: uncertainty, intelligence failures, and the ‘last minute genocide’ of Srebrenica“. Review of International Studies 37, Nr. 5 (14.10.2011): 2221–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0260210511000416.
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AbstractQuestions of uncertainty and responsibility have been central to the political and legal investigations of the failed UN/Dutch peacekeeping mission in Srebrenica. The official Dutch NIOD report on the peacekeeping mission has reconstructed the fall of Srebrenica as a surprise attack and as an ‘intelligence failure’. The report and its understanding of tactical uncertainty has led to a call for more intelligence in UN operations. I argue that the report builds its claims on a problematic epistemology of intelligence studies drawing upon a politics of ‘hard knowledge’. A similar epistemology can be identified in the proceedings of the war crimes tribunal in The Hague (ICTY) in the legal approach of criminal intent for the violence in Srebrenica. Although it is recognised that the political responsibility to prevent genocide and the juridical responsibility to punish those who have committed crimes have different implications for what can be called relevant foreknowledge or criminal intent, both the juridical and the political approaches close off paths for the mobilisation of histories that are more sensitive to the productive workings of language and images and thus to their bearing on possible futures.
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Brownlee, D. E., D. Burnett, B. Clark, M. S. Hanner, F. Horz, J. Kissel, R. Newburn et al. „STARDUST: Comet and Interstellar Dust Sample Return Mission“. International Astronomical Union Colloquium 150 (1996): 223–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0252921100501584.
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AbstractSTARDUST, a Discovery-class mission, will return intact samples of cometary dust and volatiles from comet P/Wild 2, as well as samples of the interstellar dust moving through the solar system. Dust capture utilizes aerogel, a microporous silica that is capable of intact capture of hypervelocity particles. A navigation camera, an in situ dust analyzer, and a dust flux monitor complete the payload. The Wild 2 flyby takes place in January 2004, with Earth return in January 2006.
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McFadden, Lucy A., David R. Skillman, N. Memarsadeghi, U. Carsenty, S. E. Schröder, J. Y. Li, S. Mottola et al. „Dawn mission's search for satellites of Ceres: Intact protoplanets don't have satellites“. Icarus 316 (Dezember 2018): 191–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.icarus.2018.02.017.
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Vilceanu, M. Olguta. „Using Insights from Learning Journals to Rewrite Teaching and Learning Goals in Student-Friendly Language“. International Journal of Sociotechnology and Knowledge Development 7, Nr. 1 (Januar 2015): 33–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijskd.2015010103.
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Understanding the course mission and learning goals is an essential step for students in any learning environment. Reflective writing assignments may assist instructors in their quest to reformulate teaching and learning goals in a language accessible to students, while maintaining the mission and intent of the class relevant to their professional field and requirements. This study proposes using software-driven content analysis methods borrowed from media and communication research in an attempt to first identify the degree and manner in which students internalize the language of instruction; and second, rewrite course/training materials in a language that reflects student discourse. Because it can use either free-form or formal writing, this strategy can be adapted for a variety of interdisciplinary contexts.
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Kita, Terry. „Unintentional Cooperation“. Journal of Japonisme 3, Nr. 2 (02.06.2018): 129–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/24054992-00032p01.
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Abstract This study of the Friendship Doll Mission of 1926-1927 shows how, in the United States, the Japanese doll was part of the inescapable image of a kimono-clad little Japanese girl, and functioned to further existing anti-Japanese implications of that image. It further shows how an American popular-culture mission to improve relations with Japan by having American children exchange dolls with Japanese children, created an official, Japanese government response that presented the United States with Japanese dolls that were objects of Fine Art. Despite the different views of the Doll Mission in Japan and the US, an interchange resulted that, now nearly a century later, continues. The article uses Japanese dolls to demonstrate how genuine cultural exchange can occur even when the methods, approaches, and the very intent of those involved in it differ, in order to highlight the importance of considering both perspectives to understand phenomena such as Japonisme.
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Ziv-Schegolsky, Regina, Ilit Oppenheim, Yisrael Parmet und Tal Oron-Gilad. „A Communication Interface for a Dismounted Ground Commander and an Intelligent Autonomous Unmanned Aerial Systems (IA-UAS) – A Feasibility Study“. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 64, Nr. 1 (Dezember 2020): 218–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1071181320641053.
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As unmanned systems become more intelligent, ground force may be able to interact directly with the UAS, without the need for a human UAS operator as a moderator. We looked at how interaction tools facilitate coordination between commanders and intelligent autonomous UASs. For this a mission execution interface (MEI) was developed. It was added to an existing chat and graphical bi-directional communication interface that was shown valuable for commander-UAS operator interaction. This setup was tested in the battle-lab facility using Wizard-of-Oz technique to generate the intelligent UAS capabilities. Focusing on the utility of the MEI relative to chat alone, or when both communication means are provided, results demonstrate how the MEI was used for mission execution for static or dynamic targets. Design improvements need to be applied to the MEI following the study outcomes and user feedback to make it more effective for conveying the commander’s intent throughout the mission.
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Koenig, Eric S. „United States v. Palestine Liberation Organization“. American Journal of International Law 82, Nr. 4 (Oktober 1988): 833–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2203521.
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Plaintiff, the United States, brought an action in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York against the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) and four individuals seeking an injunction to close the PLO’s Permanent Observer Mission (Mission) to the United Nations as violative of the Anti-Terrorism Act of 1987 (ATA). The district court (per Palmieri, J.) entered summary judgment for defendants and held: (1) the ATA does not require the closure of the PLO’s Mission to the United Nations; (2) the status of the PLO’s Mission, an invitee of the United Nations, is protected by the Agreement Between the United States and the United Nations Regarding the Headquarters of the United Nations (Headquarters Agreement); and (3) Congress did not intend the ATA to supersede the Headquarters Agreement.
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Gleirscher, Mario, und Diego Marmsoler. „Formal methods in dependable systems engineering: a survey of professionals from Europe and North America“. Empirical Software Engineering 25, Nr. 6 (09.09.2020): 4473–546. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10664-020-09836-5.
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Abstract Context Formal methods (FMs) have been around for a while, still being unclear how to leverage their benefits, overcome their challenges, and set new directions for their improvement towards a more successful transfer into practice. Objective We study the use of formal methods in mission-critical software domains, examining industrial and academic views. Method We perform a cross-sectional on-line survey. Results Our results indicate an increased intent to apply FMs in industry, suggesting a positively perceived usefulness. But the results also indicate a negatively perceived ease of use. Scalability, skills, and education seem to be among the key challenges to support this intent. Conclusions We present the largest study of this kind so far (N = 216), and our observations provide valuable insights, highlighting directions for future theoretical and empirical research of formal methods. Our findings are strongly coherent with earlier observations by Austin and Graeme (1993).
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Garigliotti, Darío. „Task-based support in search engines“. ACM SIGIR Forum 54, Nr. 1 (Juni 2020): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3451964.3451980.
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Web search has become a key technology on which people rely daily for getting information about almost everything. The evolution of the search experience has also shaped the expectations of people about it. Many users seem to expect today's web search engines to behave like a kind of "wise interpreter," capable of understanding the meaning behind a search query, realizing its current context, and responding to it directly and appropriately. Search by meaning, or semantic search, encompasses a large portion of information retrieval (IR) research devoted to study more meaningful representations of the information need expressed by the user query. Entity cards, direct displays, and verticals are examples of how major commercial search engines have indeed responded to user expectations, capitalizing on query understanding. Search is usually performed with a specific goal underlying the query. In many cases, this goal consists of a nontrivial task to be completed. Current search engines support a small set of basic tasks, and most of the knowledge-intensive workload for supporting more complex tasks is left to the user. Task-based search can be viewed as an information access paradigm that aims to enhance search engines with functionalities for recognizing the underlying tasks in searches and providing support for task completion. The research presented in this thesis focuses on utilizing and extending methods and techniques from semantic search in the next stage of the evolution of search engines, namely, to support users in achieving their tasks. Our work can be grouped in three grand themes: (1) Entity type information for entity retrieval : we conduct a systematic evaluation and analysis of methods for type-aware entity retrieval, in terms of three main dimensions. Also, we revisit the problem of hierarchical target type identification, present a state-of-the-art supervised learning method, and analyze the usage of automatically identified target entity types for type-aware entity retrieval; (2) Entity-oriented search intents : we propose a categorization scheme for entity-oriented search intents, and study the distributions of entity intent categories per entity type. We further develop a method for constructing a knowledge base of entity-oriented search intents; and (3) Task-based search : we design a probabilistic generative framework for task-based query suggestion, and principledly estimate each of its components. Furthermore, we introduce the problems of query-based task recommendation and mission-based task recommendation, and establish respective methods as suitable baselines.
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Feger, Hans. „Universalism vs. “All Under Heaven” (Tianxia / 天下) – Kant in China“. Yearbook for Eastern and Western Philosophy 2019, Nr. 4 (26.05.2020): 193–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/yewph-2020-0015.
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AbstractThe discourse on freedom that Kant unfolds in his writings on the history of philosophy, especially in his essay Idea for a Universal History with Cosmopolitan Intent (1784), is a constitutive component of the moral perspective whose key concept is the notion of freedom. This is why critical philosophy, as Kant says, has its own “chiliastic expectation”, and the critical philosopher is a prophet who himself “occasions und produces the events he predicts”. Questions concerning the proper use of freedom – how does freedom position itself in the individual ethics of each person when he/she wants to act morally, how does it position the community in legal ethics when it merges in a liberal state through the peacemaking function of the law, or how does the community of states position itself in international law when, with cosmopolitan intent, freedom devotes itself to a utopian peace mission – these are always questions concerning the concept of freedom which has emerged from a critical process of arbitration.
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Oldfield, J. R. „The Protestant Episcopal Church, Black Nationalists, and Expansion of the West African Missionary Field, 1851–1871“. Church History 57, Nr. 1 (März 1988): 31–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3165901.
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One of the most boldly conceived assaults on benighted Africa during the nineteenth century was that undertaken by mainline Protestant denominations in the United States. With the brash confidence characteristic of the age, hundreds of American missionaries were dispatched from New York and Baltimore to convert the heathen tribes of Africa and wrest a continent from ruin. If the experience of the Protestant Episcopal church is at all typical, however, these efforts not infrequently aroused suspicion and open hostility. In fact, Episcopal penetration of Liberia in the second half of the second century was remarkable for a long and bitter contest with black nationalists who were intent on using the church as a vehicle for their own personal and racial ambitions.
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Sethi, A. S. (Jim). „Strategic Interest Analysis for the Organization of the Future“. Journal of International Business and Economy 2, Nr. 1 (01.12.2001): 141–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.51240/jibe.2001.1.9.
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The author analyzes the model of Strategic Interest Analysis (SIA) as a fundamental tool that leaders can profitably use in developing productive strategies relevant for the emerging organizations in the new millennium. The author explains the role of SIA in developing mission, philosophy, and strategic intent of an organization. He identifies internal as well as external challenges facing large organizations and the need for aligning vision and organizational culture in an emerging information economy. Guidelines in developing SIA and strategic vision skills are included, as well as critical skills needed for developing interest-based leadership.
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Bailey, Matthew D., und Lucas A. Waddell. „Daily Tutor Scheduling Support at Hopeful Journeys Educational Center“. INFORMS Journal on Applied Analytics 50, Nr. 5 (September 2020): 287–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/inte.2020.1039.
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Hopeful Journeys Educational Center faces a daily task of assigning tutors to students subject to myriad complex rules and restrictions. The organization’s mission, which is to provide individualized education to students with autism spectrum disorders and other developmental disabilities, as well as its limited operating budget and day-to-day resource/demand variability, makes this a uniquely challenging scheduling problem. When we first communicated with Hopeful Journeys, the organization was in critical need of an efficient methodology for producing daily schedules to replace its existing time-consuming and error-prone manual approach. This paper describes the fully open-source, Excel-based optimization tool we developed to support Hopeful Journeys’ mission. Our work illustrates the potential to use freely available operations research tools within a “rapid prototyping” approach to provide immediate impact to organizations that lack the resources to utilize commercial software or professional consultants.
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Jones, Carli, Ami Mange, Lauren Granata, Benjamin Johnson, Robert Hienz und Catherine Davis. „Short and Long-Term Changes in Social Odor Recognition and Plasma Cytokine Levels Following Oxygen (16O) Ion Radiation Exposure“. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, Nr. 2 (15.01.2019): 339. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20020339.
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Future long-duration space missions will involve travel outside of the Earth’s magnetosphere protection and will result in astronauts being exposed to high energy and charge (HZE) ions and protons. Exposure to this type of radiation can result in damage to the central nervous system and deficits in numerous cognitive domains that can jeopardize mission success. Social processing is a cognitive domain that is important for people living and working in groups, such as astronauts, but it has received little attention in terms of HZE ion exposure. In the current study, we assessed the effects of whole-body oxygen ion (16O; 1000 MeV/n) exposure (1 or 10 cGy) on social odor recognition memory in male Long-Evans rats at one and six months following exposure. Radiation exposure did not affect rats’ preferences for a novel social odor experienced during Habituation at either time point. However, rats exposed to 10 cGy displayed short and long-term deficits in 24-h social recognition. In contrast, rats exposed to 1 cGy only displayed long-term deficits in 24-h social recognition. While an age-related decrease in Ki67+ staining (a marker of cell proliferation) was found in the subventricular zone, it was unaffected by radiation exposure. At one month following exposure, plasma KC/GRO (CXCL1) levels were elevated in the 1 cGy rats, but not in the 10 cGy rats, suggesting that peripheral levels of this cytokine could be associated with intact social recognition at earlier time points following radiation exposure. These results have important implications for long-duration missions and demonstrate that behaviors related to social processing could be negatively affected by HZE ion exposure.