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Valoriani, Satu, Piero Mannucci und Matteo Borrini. „An innovative procedure for cranial reconstruction as an aid for human identification“. Archivio per l'Antropologia e la Etnologia 152 (01.11.2022): 33–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/aae-2196.
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Human remains are frequently recovered fragmented from forensic contexts. Taphonomic factors and peri-mortem trauma can damage human remains recovered from clandestine graves. Therefore, an incomplete or broken skull can represent a challengeto identifying an individual, osteometric analysis, and trauma interpretation. A reconstructive approach is proposed to aid forensic experts in achieving all the information from human remains. This study proposes an innovative method that involves the use of reversible glue to connect the fragments. Non-permanent wax is used to reconstruct the missing parts and stabilize the skull. The reconstruction procedure is divided into three phases: cleaning, reassembling and remodelling. The reassembling is carried out with non-permanent reversible glue. Consequently, if the reconstructed remains do not have enough solidity to undergo a forensic examination, some of the missing anatomical parts can be replaced with reversible wax modelled on the missing bone’s shape. The method allows a more comprehensive examination of the whole skull structure for biological profiling of unknown individuals and a better analysis of trauma and injuries. Moreover, Computed Tomography (CT) and radiographic analysis can be better performed on areconstructed skull; the data obtained can also be a more appropriate background for unidentified persons’ facial approximations.
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Jain, K., S. Zlatanova und D. Halder. „RECONSTRUCTION OF ARCHITECTURAL HERITAGE WITH SYMMETRICAL COMPONENTS“. ISPRS Annals of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences X-1/W1-2023 (05.12.2023): 191–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-x-1-w1-2023-191-2023.
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Abstract. Data capturing through either Lidar or photogrammetry, often results in incomplete and partial information related to a surface due to occlusion or inaccessibility of the clear object vision. In case of asymmetrical objects yet the reconstruction is unattainable by any means, meanwhile the approach for the development of the missing information could be done in cases of symmetrical objects. In this paper we have advised a semi-automatic approach for recreating missing or incomplete information from the partially captured data using space sub-division and 3D transformation. The study has been done on a 175 year-old building whose scanned information is available for only one side and captures a façade with four columns. The idea is to first extract the symmetrical parts through segmentation of different building parts. Then the columns with partial information have been oriented as per a reference plane based on the pose and centre computed from the horizontal parts. The instance is then used to fill in the lost information through duplication and transformation. This approach can be used to recreate structures with symmetrical elements, which are partially destroyed from withering, disaster, or any human intervention.
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MARIÑO, INES P., EPAMINONDAS ROSA und CELSO GREBOGI. „SIGNAL DROPOUT RECONSTRUCTION IN COMMUNICATION WITH CHAOS“. International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos 09, Nr. 12 (Dezember 1999): 2291–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218127499001772.
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Recently, it has been demonstrated that chaotic signals can be used as carriers of information in communication systems. In this paper we propose a recovery method which, exploiting the determinism and redundancy of chaotic signals, allows us to reconstruct missing or distorted parts of a waveform that has been transmitted through a communication channel.
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Tabari, Hossein, und P. Hosseinzadeh Talaee. „Reconstruction of river water quality missing data using artificial neural networks“. Water Quality Research Journal 50, Nr. 4 (07.05.2015): 326–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wqrjc.2015.044.
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The monitoring of river water quality is important for human life and the health of the environment. However, water quality studies in many parts of the world, especially in developing countries, are restricted by the existence of missing data. In this study, the efficiency of the multilayer perceptron (MLP) and radial basis function (RBF) networks for recovering the missing values of 13 water quality parameters was examined based on data from five stations located along the Maroon River, Iran. The monthly values of other existing water quality parameters were used as input variables to the MLP and RBF models. According to the achieved results, the hardness missing values were estimated precisely by both the MLP and RBF networks, while the worst performance of the networks was found for the turbidity parameter. It was also found that the MLP models were superior to the RBF models to reconstruct water quality missing data.
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Lay, Eunike, und Widodo Ario Kentjono. „Bilateral ramus mandibulectomy with plate reconstruction in ameloblastic carcinoma patient“. Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) 55, Nr. 3 (01.09.2022): 174–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/j.djmkg.v55.i3.p174-178.
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Background: Ameloblastic carcinoma is a rare and malignant odontogenic tumour possibly arising de-novo from pre-existing ameloblastoma. It is aggressive and locally destructive. Ameloblastoma is the most common benign odontogenic tumour of the mandible. It originates from the tooth-forming epithelium, where its aetiology remains unknown. Ameloblastoma usually grows slowly, is asymptomatic, and destroys the surrounding bone tissue. Malignant transformation of ameloblastomas may occur spontaneously. Resection is the primary therapy for ameloblastic carcinoma with extensive bone destruction. Mandibular resection causes instability due to the missing parts of bone, so reconstruction is needed. Purpose: This study will report on an individual case of ameloblastic carcinoma that underwent a bilateral ramus mandibulectomy with reconstruction using the plate technique. Case: Bilateral ramus mandibulectomy with plate and reconstruction in an ameloblastic carcinoma patient. Case Management: Two months after surgery, the patient could open her mouth functionally and aesthetically. Conclusion: Plate reconstruction is an option for reconstructing bilateral ramus mandibulectomy of a large ameloblastic carcinoma of the mandible.
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Wersényi, György, und Balázs Gasz. „Outer ear reconstruction using 3D technology“. Current Directions in Biomedical Engineering 9, Nr. 1 (01.09.2023): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cdbme-2023-1001.
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Abstract Manufacturing replicas for replacing missing or defective body parts also incorporates 3D technology, including scanning, image processing and printing. In the case of the ears, both aesthetics and functionality play a significant role. Based on these techniques, outer ear replicas were produced using 3D scans of human skulls in a rapid prototyping procedure for actual patients. Hand-held scanners delivered accurate images for post-processing of the mesh and for printing in a cost- and time efficient way. Use cases of patients demonstrate applicability, allowing the technology to be available also for the general population in the future.
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Koo, JaKeoung. „Sinogram Upsampling via Sub-Riemannian Diffusion with Adaptive Weighting“. Electronics 12, Nr. 21 (01.11.2023): 4503. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics12214503.
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Computed tomography is a versatile imaging technique used to enable seeing internal structures of objects without opening or destroying them. This is possible through a process called tomographic reconstruction, which reconstructs images from projections of the object that are obtained by penetrating the object with beams of radiation, such as X-rays, from different angles. These projection data are often limited to low-resolution data in terms of projection angles. These limited or subsampled data make it difficult to obtain high-quality reconstruction results. Hence, upsampling projection data is necessary. In this paper, we propose a sinogram upsampling method via the sub-Riemannian diffusion process. We first lift the data into a feature space, and we fill in the missing angle parts by propagating information from the observed data to the missing parts. We observe that the sinogram with limited angle data has high directional dependency, and based on this observation, we suggest an adaptive weighting scheme to keep information propagating toward the missing regions. This adaptive weighting allows for diffusing toward the desired directions. The experimental results show the effectiveness of the proposed method in some scenarios regarding inpainting fine details, when compared to the existing model-based methods, such as Plug-and-Play and total generalized variation.
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Donahue, Charles. „Papyrology and 3 Caines 175“. Law and History Review 27, Nr. 1 (2009): 179–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s073824800000170x.
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Those who work with the papyri or stone inscriptions from the ancient world frequently are faced with incomplete texts. Papyrologists or epigraphers will attempt to fill in the missing parts of the text, relying on their knowledge of what similar documents say. Sometimes a later find will provide a missing piece. Experience with such finds has been that an expert reconstruction normally will get the basic sense of the document right, but rarely gets the exact wording right when anything more than a few letters needs to be filled in.
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Rădoi, Elena. „The Gap is in the Eye of the Beholder. Treatment of lacunae in Neues Museum Berlin“. CaieteARA. Arhitectură. Restaurare. Arheologie, Nr. 8 (2017): 215–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.47950/caieteara.2017.8.14.
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As in 2009 the Neues Museum (“New Museum”) in Berlin was reopened after restoration, the long awaited moment triggered most various reactions between praise and criticism. The core of all debates was the treatment of loss and the reconstruction (or non-reconstruction) of the missing architectonical parts such as the staircase (Trepenhalle). Being one of the most debated contemporary conservation projects, we ask ourselves how does the restoration of the Neues Museum work in the eyes of the beholder and what could be the judgment behind the rejection or approval?
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Badillo, P. D., V. A. Parfenov und N. L. Shchegoleva. „Surface reconstruction post-processing method for 3D- scanned objects“. Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2086, Nr. 1 (01.12.2021): 012077. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2086/1/012077.
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Abstract 3D scanning is widely used in multiple applications to obtain high precision / non-destructive documentation of real-life objects, which is especially important in Cultural Heritage (CH) preservation. However, some issues (in particular missing parts which are commonly known as “holes”) affect the accuracy of the obtained 3D model after the scanning procedure and requires time-consuming post-processing procedures, which include manual editing by highly-trained personnel. In this article an automatic method to reconstruct the obtained surface of 3D models is proposed, improving previously obtained results for high-density point clouds.
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Ozimek, Agnieszka, Paweł Ozimek, Krzysztof Skabek und Piotr Łabędź. „Digital Modelling and Accuracy Verification of a Complex Architectural Object Based on Photogrammetric Reconstruction“. Buildings 11, Nr. 5 (15.05.2021): 206. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings11050206.
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Data concerning heritage buildings are necessary for all kinds of building surveying and design. This paper presents a method for creating a precise model of a historical architectural and landscape object with complex geometry. Photogrammetric techniques were used, combining terrestrial imaging and photographs taken using UAVs. In large-scale objects, it is necessary to divide the reconstruction into smaller parts and adopt an iterative approach based on the gradual completion of missing fragments, especially those resulting from occlusions. The model developed via the reconstruction was compared with geometrically reliable data (LAS point clouds) available in the public domain. The degree of accuracy it achieved can be used in conservation, for example, in construction cost estimates. Despite extensive research on photogrammetric techniques and their applicability in reconstructing cultural heritage sites, the results obtained have not yet been compared by other researchers with LAS point clouds from the information system for land cover (ISOK).
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WANG, YANFEI, ZAIWEN WEN, ZUHAIR NASHED und QIYU SUN. „ON DIRECT METHODS FOR TIME-LIMITED SIGNAL AND IMAGE RECONSTRUCTION AND ENHANCEMENT“. International Journal of Wavelets, Multiresolution and Information Processing 05, Nr. 01 (Januar 2007): 51–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219691307001574.
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The discrete Fourier transform (DFT) can be considered as an observing system, which has an input f, an output F, and a response with additive noise E. In many applications, part of the frequency spectrum/frequency information is missing or unavailable due to the passage of the time-limited signal through a band-limited system, for example, the discrete Fourier system. We suggest improving the resolution of the reconstruction of signals and images using a novel approach for the solution of the discrete Fourier system and by image enhancement. We note that the reconstruction of a time-limited signal can be simply realized by only using either the real part or the imaginary part of the DFT matrix. Therefore, based on the study of the special structure of the real and imaginary parts of the discrete Fourier matrix, a fast direct computational method is developed that utilizes explicit formulas for the truncated singular value decomposition (TSVD) obtained recently by the authors. For improving the resolution of the reconstructions, enhancement by logarithm transform is applied. This fast direct computational method is superior to other direct methods such as LU decomposition, QR decomposition, classical SVD and classical TSVD. The explicit TSVD along with the enhancement can be considered as a useful tool for signal and image reconstructions. Numerical tests for signal and image reconstructions and enhancements are given as well.
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Li, Cai, Wang, Zhang, Tang, Li, Liang und Yan. „Promising Generative Adversarial Network Based Sinogram Inpainting Method for Ultra-Limited-Angle Computed Tomography Imaging“. Sensors 19, Nr. 18 (12.09.2019): 3941. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19183941.
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Limited-angle computed tomography (CT) image reconstruction is a challenging problem in the field of CT imaging. In some special applications, limited by the geometric space and mechanical structure of the imaging system, projections can only be collected with a scanning range of less than 90°. We call this kind of serious limited-angle problem the ultra-limited-angle problem, which is difficult to effectively alleviate by traditional iterative reconstruction algorithms. With the development of deep learning, the generative adversarial network (GAN) performs well in image inpainting tasks and can add effective image information to restore missing parts of an image. In this study, given the characteristic of GAN to generate missing information, the sinogram-inpainting-GAN (SI-GAN) is proposed to restore missing sinogram data to suppress the singularity of the truncated sinogram for ultra-limited-angle reconstruction. We propose the U-Net generator and patch-design discriminator in SI-GAN to make the network suitable for standard medical CT images. Furthermore, we propose a joint projection domain and image domain loss function, in which the weighted image domain loss can be added by the back-projection operation. Then, by inputting a paired limited-angle/180° sinogram into the network for training, we can obtain the trained model, which has extracted the continuity feature of sinogram data. Finally, the classic CT reconstruction method is used to reconstruct the images after obtaining the estimated sinograms. The simulation studies and actual data experiments indicate that the proposed method performed well to reduce the serious artifacts caused by ultra-limited-angle scanning.
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MARIÑO, INÉS P., CELSO GREBOGI und EPAMINONDAS ROSA. „RECONSTRUCTION OF INFORMATION-BEARING CHAOTIC SIGNALS IN ADDITIVE WHITE GAUSSIAN NOISE: PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS AND EVALUATION“. International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos 11, Nr. 10 (Oktober 2001): 2631–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021812740100367x.
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Chaotic signals can be used as carriers of information in communication systems since they own some redundancy that can be exploited to reconstruct missing or distorted parts of a waveform that has been transmitted through a communication channel. In this paper, we extend our previous results for the ideal noise free channel [Mariño et al., 1999] to a more general situation where additive white Gaussian noise corrupts the information-bearing chaotic signal.
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Hou, Miaole, Su Yang, Yungang Hu, Yuhua Wu, Lili Jiang, Sizhong Zhao und Putong Wei. „Novel Method for Virtual Restoration of Cultural Relics with Complex Geometric Structure Based on Multiscale Spatial Geometry“. ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 7, Nr. 9 (27.08.2018): 353. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi7090353.
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Because of the age of relics and the lack of historical data, the geometric forms of missing parts can only be judged by the subjective experience of repair personnel, which leads to varying restoration effects when the geometric structure of the complex relic is reconstructed. Therefore, virtual repair effects cannot fully reflect the historical appearance of cultural relics. In order to solve this problem, this paper presents a virtual restoration method based on the multiscale spatial geometric features of cultural relics in the case of complex construction where the geometric shape of the damaged area is unknown, using the Dazu Thousand-Hand Bodhisattva statue in China as an example. In this study, the global geometric features of the three-dimensional (3D) model are analyzed in space to determine the geometric shape of the damaged parts of cultural relics. The local geometric features are represented by skeleton lines based on regression analysis, and a geometric size prediction model of the defective parts is established, which is used to calculate the geometric dimensions of the missing parts. Finally, 3D surface reconstruction technology is used to quantitate virtual restoration of the defective parts. This method not only provides a new idea for the virtual restoration of artifacts with complex geometric structure, but also may play a vital role in the protection of cultural relics.
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Tang, Huixiong, Guanghua Hu, Wenliang He und Qianxi Tu. „Improved Anomaly Detection Based on Image Reconstruction and Global Template Features for Industrial Products“. Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2166, Nr. 1 (01.01.2022): 012062. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2166/1/012062.
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Abstract Anomaly detection in industry applications is a challenging problem when negative (defective) samples are unavailable, especially in the case where there are missing parts or foreign objects occupied a relatively large region. Conventional reconstruction-based approaches cannot guarantee the restored image being a normal one, leading to poor segmentation results. In this work, we propose an unsupervised anomaly detection approach to tackle the problem of large-area anomaly detection by incorporating global template features into an Auto-Encoder like reconstruction model. In particular, our model infers the value of each pixel based on both the surrounding local-neighborhood information and the global information encoded at the same pixel position. During the reconstruction phase, any abnormal features are then replaced with normal ones, avoiding over-reconstruction of large-area abnormalities. The experimental results in comparison with other methods demonstrate its effectiveness for industrial anomaly detection.
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Vujović, Stefan, Andjela Draganić, Maja Lakičević Žarić, Irena Orović, Miloš Daković, Marko Beko und Srdjan Stanković. „Sparse Analyzer Tool for Biomedical Signals“. Sensors 20, Nr. 9 (02.05.2020): 2602. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20092602.
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The virtual (software) instrument with a statistical analyzer for testing algorithms for biomedical signals’ recovery in compressive sensing (CS) scenario is presented. Various CS reconstruction algorithms are implemented with the aim to be applicable for different types of biomedical signals and different applications with under-sampled data. Incomplete sampling/sensing can be considered as a sort of signal damage, where missing data can occur as a result of noise or the incomplete signal acquisition procedure. Many approaches for recovering the missing signal parts have been developed, depending on the signal nature. Here, several approaches and their applications are presented for medical signals and images. The possibility to analyze results using different statistical parameters is provided, with the aim to choose the most suitable approach for a specific application. The instrument provides manifold possibilities such as fitting different parameters for the considered signal and testing the efficiency under different percentages of missing data. The reconstruction accuracy is measured by the mean square error (MSE) between original and reconstructed signal. Computational time is important from the aspect of power requirements, thus enabling the selection of a suitable algorithm. The instrument contains its own signal database, but there is also the possibility to load any external data for analysis.
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Cai, Pingping, und Sanjib Sur. „DeepPCD“. Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Mobile, Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies 6, Nr. 2 (04.07.2022): 1–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3534611.
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3D Point Cloud Data (PCD) is an efficient machine representation for surrounding environments and has been used in many applications. But the measured PCD is often incomplete and sparse due to the sensor occlusion and poor lighting conditions. To automatically reconstruct complete PCD from the incomplete ones, we propose DeepPCD, a deep-learning-based system that reconstructs both geometric and color information for large indoor environments. For geometric reconstruction, DeepPCD uses a novel patch based technique that splits the PCD into multiple parts, approximates, extends, and independently reconstructs the parts by 3D planes, and then merges and refines them. For color reconstruction, DeepPCD uses a conditional Generative Adversarial Network to infer the missing color of the geometrically reconstructed PCD by using the color feature extracted from incomplete color PCD. We experimentally evaluate DeepPCD with several real PCD collected from large, diverse indoor environments and explore the feasibility of PCD autocompletion in various ubiquitous sensing applications.
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Šćitaroci, Mladen Obad, Bojana Bojanić Obad Šćitaroci und Ksenija Radić. „Spa Garden in Daruvar – Methods of Renewal and Reconstruction“. YBL Journal of Built Environment 2, Nr. 2 (01.12.2014): 5–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jbe-2014-0006.
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Abstract Spa garden in Daruvar ‘Julius’s Park’ is the oldest spa garden in continental Croatia. The counts Jankovich and their successors created the garden during the 18th and 20th century. The garden resumed its nowadays form and surface in the time of count Julius Jankovich in the mid-19th century and it was named after him. The garden is protected as a cultural heritage. The garden’s renovation is seen as an urban, architectural and landscape unity and it attempts to affirm the missing and neglected parts of the garden, to provide technological and municipal space modernization and to make a pleasant urban garden ambiance with new facilities and high space arrangement qualities, contributing to the economic development of the local community.
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Mitchell, Robert J. „Reconstructing a fragmentary Gloria“. Plainsong and Medieval Music 4, Nr. 2 (Oktober 1995): 149–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0961137100000966.
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The idea of reconstructing fragmentary polyphony has not really found a niche in mid-fifteenth-century studies. Whilst editors of Baroque music have become quite used to reconstructing string parts to ‘arie con tre violini’ in skeletal opera sources, and whilst sixteenth-century specialists have occasionally been brave enough to recompose the contents of a lost partbook, this sort of treatment has rarely been applied to fragmentary works of the Dufay and Ockeghem periods. There seem to be two reasons for this. Firstly, since many of the essentials of mid-fifteenth-century style are not based on imitative techniques or the realization of simple chord progressions, the random nature of what an incomplete piece of the period might contain can make plausible reconstruction very difficult. Even the most predictable-looking of complete mid-fifteenth-century works often have surprising rhythmic turns or unexpected progressions, simply because variety was an expected and prized aspect of the mastery of sophisticated polyphony as it was then understood. Secondly, even if an editor achieves what he considers to be a satisfactory reconstruction of such a work, there are few cases of such reconstructions in which there is an overall conjecture rate of less than 20 per cent. Nevertheless, there are exceptions to all generalizations and on the present occasion I believe I have found a movement from a fragmentary cyclic Mass that can be reconstructed with comparatively little conjectural material: the Gloria from the Missa Salve Regina in Munich 3154. This article describes how I became interested in the cycle and suggests how the missing material in its Gloria can be effectively realized.
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Afanasyeva, Tatiana I. „An Old Russian Service Book in Baltimore and Its Missing Fragment in St. Petersburg“. Canadian-American Slavic Studies 52, Nr. 4 (07.12.2018): 433–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22102396-05204011.
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AbstractThis study examines the history of an ancient Russian service book (sluzhebnik) dating from the first half of the fourteenth century, which was divided into two parts in the early nineteenth century. One of the two parts was purchased by the well-known Russian collector Alexander Sulakadzev and is currently held by the Manuscript Library of the Walters Art Museum in Baltimore, Maryland (USA). The other part was acquired by the Imperial Public Library in St. Petersburg (currently, the National Library of Russia) no later than the 1830s. Judging by the surviving inventories, Sulakadzev acquired the service book for his collection in 1816 at the earliest. While in his possession, Sulakadzev added several false notes to the sluzhebnik attempting to pass it off as a manuscript known to have been in Tmutarakan in 1079; other false handwritten notes in the service book were intended to imply that it had belonged to several famous Russian historical figures. This article corrects some errors made in earlier publications about the manuscript and establishes that Sulakadzev pasted into the service book a miniature of much later origin (which, however, has not survived). The article presents a reconstruction of the contents of the original sluzhebnik, including descriptions of both its parts.
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Balandžiūnienė, Ramunė, Erika Vilkinytė und Raimonda Žukauskaitė. „Conservation and Restoration of Two Candleholders from Kaunas Church of St. George the Martyr: Reconstruction Proposals“. Acta Academiae Artium Vilnensis, Nr. 108 (20.03.2023): 126–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.37522/aaav.108.2023.152.
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The paper is concerned with the process of developing the concept for the conservation, restoration, and reconstruction of the missing parts of the seventeenth-century candleholders from the Church of St. George the Martyr in Kaunas. The paper will review the issues encountered in the effort to find and select materials for the conservation and restoration of stone fragments. It will also describe the tests carried out during the process and highlight the role of chemical and non-interventional analysis as an auxiliary tool in the process of conservation and restoration.
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Husain, Karim. „Anatomical scaffold application for the digital rebuilding of human lower jaw defects“. Al-Qadisiyah Journal for Engineering Sciences 15, Nr. 3 (30.10.2022): 187–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.30772/qjes.v15i3.834.
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Researchers are making huge efforts in the field of rebuilding the large missing parts of the human lower jaw, and this represents a major challenge in the field of bone engineering based on reconstruction on the basis of human bone implants. This challenge is to create customized designs that fit the physiological, genetic, and anatomical characteristics of each individual patient. Designing these implants specifically for each case will definitely improve and reduce the recovery period. In order to achieve an improvement in the lower jaw surgery process and clinical practice, the required design of a precise three-dimensional engineering scaffold whose external shape resembles the shape of the missing part of a lower jawbone will reduce the appearance of complications during recovery in addition to preserving the teeth to be implanted and meet mechanical as well as aesthetic requirements. The scaffolds that are designed and will be implanted to replace the missing parts of a lower jaw will be subject to great mechanical loads, for this reason, a scaffold that meets the anatomical conditions is designed on the basis of the 3D geometry of patterns be addressed in research. The process of changing the 3D patterns leads to the modification of the mechanical properties of the scaffold. Because of its complex structure, will be applying additive manufacturing techniques to manufacture this scaffold.
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Hanke, K., M. Moser und R. Rampold. „Historic photos and TLS data fusion for the 3D reconstruction of a monastery altar ensemble“. ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XL-5/W7 (12.08.2015): 201–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xl-5-w7-201-2015.
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The basis of the photogrammetric reconstruction of the altar at the monastery / church are 2 historic photos from around 1920’s as well as a 3D documentation of the church from terrestrial laser scanning. The point cloud from the laser scan was the starting point for an approximate computation of the interior and exterior orientation of that image that also contains parts of the altar area that still do exist. <br> <br> Using a projection of the recent geometry into the image allowed the analysis of changes of the altar ensemble since the time of image acquisition. Those parts that are still in situ are the origin for further action. Whether fragments and parts should be used further or newly positioned was decided in the next phase of reconstruction process. The focus of the first step of the workflow was at the outlines of the parts in the center of the altar. Using a monoplotting approach and assuming that the profiles are vertical and parallel to each other these object could be definitely compiled. Theses outlines also allowed an approximate determination of the interior and exterior orientation of the second historic photograph in which otherwise the complete connection to the recent altar area was missing. <br> <br> The side parts of the altar showed to be more complicated for reconstruction. The difference in depth of the varying edges could not be distinguished any more in the images. Such, the sequence and form of the different edges was adopted, scaled and transferred from the central part of the altar to the peripheral ones. Using this geometric information it was possible to define the necessary projection planes for the monoplotting restitution of the visible outlines. A concluding rigorous control was accomplished by back projection of the geometry into both historical images.
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Gautier, E., J. Savarino, J. Erbland, A. Lanciki und P. Possenti. „Variability of sulfate signal in ice-core records based on five replicate cores“. Climate of the Past Discussions 11, Nr. 4 (27.08.2015): 3973–4002. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cpd-11-3973-2015.
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Abstract. Current volcanic reconstructions based on ice core analysis have significantly improved over the last decades. Relying on limited and disparate sulfate profiles at first, they have progressively incorporated multi cores analysis with high temporal resolution from different parts of the Polar Regions. Regional patterns of volcanic deposition flux are now based on composite records, built from several cores taken at both poles. However, it is worth mentioning that most of the time only a single record at a given site is used for such reconstructions. This implicitly assumes that transport and regional meteorological patterns are the only source of the dispersion of the volcanic-products. In the present work, we evaluate the local scale variability of a sulfate profile in a low accumulation site (Dome C, Antarctica), in order to assess the representativeness of one core for such reconstruction. We evaluate the depth variability, statistical occurrence, and sulfate flux deposition variability of volcanic eruptions detected on 5 ice cores, drilled 1 m away from each other. Local scale variability, essentially attributed to snow drift and surface roughness at Dome C, can lead to a non-exhaustive record of volcanic events when a single core is used as the site reference with a bulk probability of 30 % of missing volcanic events and 60 % uncertainty on the volcanic flux estimation. Averaging multiple records almost erases the probability of missing volcanic events and can reduce by half the uncertainty pertaining to the deposition flux.
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Al-Majidi, Basim Hasan, Ahmed Hashmi El-Eqapy und Saja Khalid ALqasi. „The Effect of a Similar Strategy in The Rebuilding of Valuable Buildings“. Association of Arab Universities Journal of Engineering Sciences 28, Nr. 1 (31.03.2021): 69–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.33261/jaaru.2021.28.1.007.
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Reconstruction of archaeological buildings with destroyed or collapsed parts is considered oneof the most important and accurate operations in the field of preserving those buildings, given the continuityof these operations in the continuity of those archaeological buildings with their architectural and technicaldetails, and even their continued performance in their urban environment in many cases. These operationsare concerned with missing parts or the replacement of damaged parts. Many studies emerged that dealtwith this important aspect of reconfiguring and completing the demolished parts in historical and heritagebuildings, whether at the level of the part or all according to specific laws, but no study of the formal andintellectual mechanisms used to rebuild and reconstruct these buildings and their potential for architecturalproductions. Therefore, the research problem that emerged from the lack of clarity of knowledge about themost important formal and intellectual mechanisms for rebuilding in architecture and its cognitive indicatorswithin the outcome emerged, and the research was divided into two parts, the first part represented by thegeneral theoretical presentation that included the reconstruction processes and related determinants andclarification of the mechanism of formalism (similar and its connections) Theory and intellectual mechanism(analogy and its theoretical correlations), previous studies and the second part which represented the appliedside to form the theoretical framework from the above and applied it to groups of architectural productionsand then presented and discussed and analyzed the results of that application up to the presentation ofCrowns and recommendations that were referring to the general vision of the basic concept of researchadopted, the mechanistic aspect of form rather than intellectual.
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GÜNTHER, S., A. HITZKE und R. J. BEHM. „LOW ADATOM MOBILITY ON THE (1 × 2)-MISSING-ROW RECONSTRUCTED Au(110) SURFACE“. Surface Review and Letters 04, Nr. 06 (Dezember 1997): 1103–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218625x97001371.
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Adsorption and mobility of Au adatoms on Au (110)-(1×2) were studied by low temperature scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). Up to 0.4-monolayer coverage the troughs of the missing row reconstruction are preferentially filled. By following the mobility of individual adatoms at 125 K and 170 K the adatom hopping barrier inside the troughs in the [Formula: see text] direction is determined to Ed=0.40–0.44 eV, while for diffusion on locally unreconstructed parts of the surface we obtain a lower limit of 0.38 eV. By comparing the cluster size distribution obtained for themally immobile adatoms at 125 K with that from simulations, it is demonstrated that transient mobility plays no significant role in Au / Au (110) self-adsorption. During Au deposition at 190 K domain boundaries ("faulted troughs") are observed to form in the 1× 2 substrate; a tentative mechanism involving exchange diffusion of Au adatoms is proposed.
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Hanson, Andrew D., Anne Pribat, Jeffrey C. Waller und Valérie de Crécy-Lagard. „‘Unknown’ proteins and ‘orphan’ enzymes: the missing half of the engineering parts list – and how to find it“. Biochemical Journal 425, Nr. 1 (14.12.2009): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj20091328.
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Like other forms of engineering, metabolic engineering requires knowledge of the components (the ‘parts list’) of the target system. Lack of such knowledge impairs both rational engineering design and diagnosis of the reasons for failures; it also poses problems for the related field of metabolic reconstruction, which uses a cell's parts list to recreate its metabolic activities in silico. Despite spectacular progress in genome sequencing, the parts lists for most organisms that we seek to manipulate remain highly incomplete, due to the dual problem of ‘unknown’ proteins and ‘orphan’ enzymes. The former are all the proteins deduced from genome sequence that have no known function, and the latter are all the enzymes described in the literature (and often catalogued in the EC database) for which no corresponding gene has been reported. Unknown proteins constitute up to about half of the proteins in prokaryotic genomes, and much more than this in higher plants and animals. Orphan enzymes make up more than a third of the EC database. Attacking the ‘missing parts list’ problem is accordingly one of the great challenges for post-genomic biology, and a tremendous opportunity to discover new facets of life's machinery. Success will require a co-ordinated community-wide attack, sustained over years. In this attack, comparative genomics is probably the single most effective strategy, for it can reliably predict functions for unknown proteins and genes for orphan enzymes. Furthermore, it is cost-efficient and increasingly straightforward to deploy owing to a proliferation of databases and associated tools.
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Parisi, Maria Giovanna, Annalisa Grimaldi, Nicolò Baranzini, Claudia La Corte, Mariano Dara, Daniela Parrinello und Matteo Cammarata. „Mesoglea Extracellular Matrix Reorganization during Regenerative Process in Anemonia viridis (Forskål, 1775)“. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, Nr. 11 (31.05.2021): 5971. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22115971.
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Given the anatomical simplicity and the extraordinary ability to regenerate missing parts of the body, Cnidaria represent an excellent model for the study of the mechanisms regulating regenerative processes. They possess the mesoglea, an amorphous and practically acellular extracellular matrix (ECM) located between the epidermis and the gastrodermis of the body and tentacles and consists of the same molecules present in the ECM of vertebrates, such as collagen, laminin, fibronectin and proteoglycans. This feature makes cnidarians anthozoans valid models for understanding the ECM role during regenerative processes. Indeed, it is now clear that its role in animal tissues is not just tissue support, but instead plays a key role during wound healing and tissue regeneration. This study aims to explore regenerative events after tentacle amputation in the Mediterranean anemone Anemonia viridis, focusing in detail on the reorganization of the ECM mesoglea. In this context, both enzymatic, biometric and histological experiments reveal how this gelatinous connective layer plays a fundamental role in the correct restoration of the original structures by modifying its consistency and stiffness. Indeed, through the deposition of collagen I, it might act as a scaffold and as a guide for the reconstruction of missing tissues and parts, such as amputated tentacles.
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Zhang, Zhiqiang, Rong Huang, Fang Han und Zhijie Wang. „Image Error Concealment Based on Deep Neural Network“. Algorithms 12, Nr. 4 (19.04.2019): 82. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/a12040082.
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In this paper, we propose a novel spatial image error concealment (EC) method based on deep neural network. Considering that the natural images have local correlation and non-local self-similarity, we use the local information to predict the missing pixels and the non-local information to correct the predictions. The deep neural network we utilize can be divided into two parts: the prediction part and the auto-encoder (AE) part. The first part utilizes the local correlation among pixels to predict the missing ones. The second part extracts image features, which are used to collect similar samples from the whole image. In addition, a novel adaptive scan order based on the joint credibility of the support area and reconstruction is also proposed to alleviate the error propagation problem. The experimental results show that the proposed method can reconstruct corrupted images effectively and outperform the compared state-of-the-art methods in terms of objective and perceptual metrics.
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Zhang, Jufu, Xujie Ren, Huanhuan Li und Zaili Yang. „Incorporation of Deep Kernel Convolution into Density Clustering for Shipping AIS Data Denoising and Reconstruction“. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 10, Nr. 9 (18.09.2022): 1319. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse10091319.
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Automatic Identification System (AIS) equipment can aid in identifying ships, reducing ship collision risks and ensuring maritime safety. However, the explosion of massive AIS data has caused increasing data processing challenges affecting their practical applications. Specifically, mistakes, noise, and missing data are presented during AIS data transmission and encoding, resulting in poor data quality and inaccurate data sources that negatively impact maritime safety research. To address this issue, a robust AIS data denoising and reconstruction methodology was proposed to realise the data preprocessing for different applications in maritime transportation. It includes two parts: Density-Based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise based on Deep Kernel Convolution (DBSCANDKC) and the reconstruction method, which can extract high-quality AIS data to guarantee the accuracy of the related maritime research. Firstly, the kinematics feature was employed to remove apparent noise from the AIS data. The square deep kernel convolution was then incorporated into density clustering to find and remove possibly anomalous data. Finally, a piecewise cubic spline interpolation approach was applied to construct the missing denoised trajectory data. The experiments were implemented in the Arctic Ocean and Strait of Dover to demonstrate the effectiveness and performance of the proposed methodology in different shipping environments. This methodology makes significant contributions to future maritime situational awareness, collision avoidance, and robust trajectory development for safety at sea.
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Previtali, M., L. Barazzetti, R. Brumana und M. Scaioni. „Towards automatic indoor reconstruction of cluttered building rooms from point clouds“. ISPRS Annals of Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences II-5 (28.05.2014): 281–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsannals-ii-5-281-2014.
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Terrestrial laser scanning is increasingly used in architecture and building engineering for as-built modelling of large and medium size civil structures. However, raw point clouds derived from laser scanning survey are generally not directly ready for generation of such models. A manual modelling phase has to be undertaken to edit and complete 3D models, which may cover indoor or outdoor environments. This paper presents an automated procedure to turn raw point clouds into semantically-enriched models of building interiors. The developed method mainly copes with a geometric complexity typical of indoor scenes with prevalence of planar surfaces, such as walls, floors and ceilings. A characteristic aspect of indoor modelling is the large amount of clutter and occlusion that may characterize any point clouds. For this reason the developed reconstruction pipeline was designed to recover and complete missing parts in a plausible way. The accuracy of the presented method was evaluated against traditional manual modelling and showed comparable results.
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Fazio, Leonarda, Mauro Lo Brutto, Sara Gonizzi Barsanti und Saverio Giulio Malatesta. „The Virtual Reconstruction of the Aesculapius and Hygeia Statues from the Sanctuary of Isis in Lilybaeum: Methods and Tools for Ancient Sculptures’ Enhancement“. Applied Sciences 12, Nr. 7 (31.03.2022): 3569. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12073569.
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Thanks to recent technological developments in 3D surveys, computer graphics and virtual reality, new scenarios have been opened for the documentation and enhancement of ancient sculptures. When not totally preserved, sculptures can be digitally reproduced, modified and visualized to simulate their physical or virtual reconstruction in a non-invasive way for specialists or for dissemination aims. The virtual sculptural reconstruction process starts usually from the 3D survey of real fragments, and then continues by integrating missing parts with 3D modelling techniques by means of source evaluation. Along with primary data sources (reality-based model), secondary data sources (photos, drawings and 3D models of similar sculptures) can be directly used in the reconstruction process. This approach has a double advantage of making the reconstruction activities easier and less arbitrary, contributing to a decrease in the degree of uncertainty for the sculptural reconstruction work, also thanks to many iconographic comparisons to ancient copies. Moreover, virtual reconstruction can be easily visualized alongside a scalable rendering system using open-source Web3D apps and platforms, accessing information, 3D models and descriptions in order to enhance the experience of artworks. Inspecting theoretical and technical approaches, this work aims at establishing how primary and secondary data sources can be effectively used in sculptural reconstruction workflows, and how 3D outputs can be applied to implement digital sculptural heritage exploitation for museums and cultural institutions. The statues of Aesculapius and Hygeia from the sanctuary of Isis in Lilybaeum (Marsala, Italy) were chosen as a case study.
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Siddique, Ashraf, und Seungkyu Lee. „Sym3DNet: Symmetric 3D Prior Network for Single-View 3D Reconstruction“. Sensors 22, Nr. 2 (11.01.2022): 518. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22020518.
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The three-dimensional (3D) symmetry shape plays a critical role in the reconstruction and recognition of 3D objects under occlusion or partial viewpoint observation. Symmetry structure prior is particularly useful in recovering missing or unseen parts of an object. In this work, we propose Sym3DNet for single-view 3D reconstruction, which employs a three-dimensional reflection symmetry structure prior of an object. More specifically, Sym3DNet includes 2D-to-3D encoder-decoder networks followed by a symmetry fusion step and multi-level perceptual loss. The symmetry fusion step builds flipped and overlapped 3D shapes that are fed to a 3D shape encoder to calculate the multi-level perceptual loss. Perceptual loss calculated in different feature spaces counts on not only voxel-wise shape symmetry but also on the overall global symmetry shape of an object. Experimental evaluations are conducted on both large-scale synthetic 3D data (ShapeNet) and real-world 3D data (Pix3D). The proposed method outperforms state-of-the-art approaches in terms of efficiency and accuracy on both synthetic and real-world datasets. To demonstrate the generalization ability of our approach, we conduct an experiment with unseen category samples of ShapeNet, exhibiting promising reconstruction results as well.
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Stasyuk, O. „Restoration of natural stone architectural details and art works – aspect of addition of missing parts“. Research and methodological works of the National Academy of Visual Arts and Architecture, Nr. 27 (27.02.2019): 66–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.33838/naoma.27.2018.66-73.
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Architectural monuments of Lviv, buildings of its historical center are rich in details made of natural stone. When constructing buildings and performing architectural decoration, limestone was most often used. It is mild and easy to handle stone. In addition it’s an extremely decorative bright white stone, and the parts made from it are called white stone details. Often, architectural details and those that are part of architecture and those that are part of museum collections require restoration, as well as additions as part of restoration work. We will talk about the additions and the methodology of their implementation on the example of diploma works of the students of the Department of Architecture and Restoration of NU Lviv Polytechnic. Addition can be performed in different ways using different technologies. Here it is worth considering the restoration concept, which may be different. Additions can be made in such a way that they are not noticeable, but it can be so that at first sight it is clear which part of the detail is the original, which is an addition or reconstruction. The missing part can be add by way of execution of natural stone. Another method of stone architectural details addition is work with restoration stone masses. If we are talking about white stone architectural details, then the restoration mass is executed on the basis of limestone binder. The technique of working with the restoration masses is historical and traditional, known since the Renaissance. Today, restorers in their practice should be guided by state regulatory documents. The article gives examples of the architectural details addition with the restoration masses performed by the bachelors and masters of the Department of Architecture and Restoration of the Lviv Polytechnic National University. These examples illustrate the methods of working with the restoration mass and its capabilities in the performance of small, delicate, fine details and massive volumes. Its behavior when imitating the color and texture and the ability to work with the restoration mass in different conditions. The methodology described and illustrated in the article, has been tested and proved its capacity.
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Yamakoshi, Y., M. Takemoto und N. Shinozuka. „Interpolation of Missing Part of Human Follicle Border on Ultrasonic B-Mode Image by Iterative Revision“. Ultrasonic Imaging 22, Nr. 2 (April 2000): 108–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/016173460002200203.
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In clinical infertility treatments, assessment of ovarian follicle growth by ultrasonography is important. In order to measure the geometrical characteristics of the human follicle, such as the area of the cross-sectional image and the volume inside the follicle, a method based on manual tracing of the follicle contour from the ultrasonic B mode image is widely used. However, the observable ultrasonic B mode images are sometimes imperfect and some parts of the follicle border are missing due to the existence of the acoustic shadow. In this paper, a method that interpolates the missing part of the follicle border from the known part is proposed. This method uses a priori information of the follicle, which is usually known in actual cases: (1) the follicle's surface is so smooth that its border is assumed to be a smooth closed curve; and (2) the position of the follicle's center is roughly predicted in advance in the ultrasonic B-mode image. In the proposed method, the missing part of the human follicle border is interpolated from the known part by applying an iterative revision so as to satisfy the smoothness condition of the follicle. This method is also applied to three-dimensional image reconstruction of the human follicle.
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Spallone, R., F. Lamberti, M. Guglielminotti Trivel, F. Ronco und S. Tamantini. „3D RECONSTRUCTION AND PRESENTATION OF CULTURAL HERITAGE: AR AND VR EXPERIENCES AT THE MUSEO D’ARTE ORIENTALE DI TORINO“. International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLVI-M-1-2021 (28.08.2021): 697–704. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlvi-m-1-2021-697-2021.
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Abstract. For years, virtual reconstruction in the figurative arts, and sculpture, in particular, has been developing and consolidating. The workflow from the acquisition to three-dimensional modelling and to the integration of missing parts, has been optimized through processes entirely implemented in the digital dimension. The most recent developments in augmented reality and virtual reality technologies, together with the possibility of using low-cost and widely available devices, have made it possible to establish new links between the real and the virtual. The experiences presented in this paper comes up within the agreement between the Politecnico di Torino and the Museo d’Arte Orientale (MAO). The workflow set up for this research involves: structure from motion (SfM) survey, 3D modelling, and 3D philological reconstruction, then develops a proposal to implement augmented and virtual reality experiences aimed at the communication and fruition of the exhibits. The case study concerns two Japanese statues, and proposes their visualisation with the respective weapons virtually reconstructed, and through VR, involving the reconstruction of the interior space of a temple recognised as philologically compatible with the location of the statues within a statuary complex.
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Li, Meiying, Jin Liu, Haima Yang, Wanqing Song und Zihao Yu. „Structured Light 3D Reconstruction System Based on a Stereo Calibration Plate“. Symmetry 12, Nr. 5 (07.05.2020): 772. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym12050772.
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Calibration is a critical step in structured light 3D imaging systems. However, in the traditional calibration process, since the calibration plate is based on a two-dimensional model, the flatness of the calibration plate and the angle of the photo will affect the subsequent stitching steps based on the feature points. The number of photos also affects the calibration results. To improve the calibration accuracy, multiple photos need to be taken. The primary objective of this study was to achieve the simple and fast calibration of system parameters, so a method obtaining a large number of calibration data by homography matrix is presented, and a corresponding stereo target is designed in symmetry. First, using the relationship between the corner coordinates of the left and right parts of the stereo calibration plate and the coordinates of the world coordinate system, the homography matrix of the left and right calibration plates from the image coordinates to the world coordinates is calculated. Second, all the pixels in the stereo calibration plate are matched to the world coordinate system by using the homography matrix. In addition, we also compared the results of this method with those of traditional calibration methods. The experimental results show that the 3D geometric surface of the reconstruction result is smooth, it avoids the missing parts and the visual effect is excellent. Furthermore, the error range of small and complex objects can be reduced to 0.03 mm~0.05 mm. This method simplifies the calibration steps, reduces the calibration costs and has practical application value.
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Al Ajlouni, Rima, und Petr Justa. „Reconstruction of Eroded and Visually Complicated Archaeological Geometric Patterns: Minaret Choli, Iraq“. Geoinformatics FCE CTU 6 (21.12.2011): 18–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.14311/gi.6.3.
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Visually complicated patterns can be found in many cultural heritages of the world. Islamic geometric patterns present us with one example of such visually complicated archaeological ornaments. As long-lived artifacts, these patterns have gone through many phases of construction, damage, and repair and are constantly subject to erosion and vandalism. The task of reconstructing these visually complicated ornaments faces many practical challenges. The main challenge is posed by the fact that archaeological reality often deals with ornaments that are broken, incomplete or hidden. Recognizing faint traces of eroded or missing parts proved to be an extremely difficult task. This is also combined with the need for specialized knowledge about the mathematical rules of patterns’ structure, in order to regenerate the missing data. This paper presents a methodology for reconstructing deteriorated Islamic geometric patterns; to predict the features that are not observed and output a complete reconstructed two-dimension accurate measurable model. The simulation process depends primarily on finding the parameters necessary to predict information, at other locations, based on the relationships embedded in the existing data and in the prior -knowledge of these relations. The aim is to build up from the fragmented data and from the historic and general knowledge, a model of the reconstructed object. The proposed methodology was proven to be successful in capturing the accurate structural geometry of many of the deteriorated ornaments on the Minaret Choli, Iraq. However, in the case of extremely deteriorated samples, the proposed methodology failed to recognize the correct geometry. The conceptual framework proposed by this paper can serve as a platform for developing professional tools for fast and efficient results.
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Kuvshinov, Aleksei, Daniel Knobloch, Daniel Külzer, Elen Vardanyan und Stephan Günnemann. „Domain Reconstruction for UWB Car Key Localization Using Generative Adversarial Networks“. Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 36, Nr. 11 (28.06.2022): 12552–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v36i11.21526.
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We consider the car key localization task using ultra-wideband (UWB) signal measurements. Given labeled data for a certain car, we train a deep classifier to make the prediction about the new points. However, due to the differences in car models and possible environmental effects that might alter the signal propagation, data collection requires considerable effort for each car. In particular, we consider a situation where the data for the new car is collected only in one environment, so we have to utilize the measurements in other environments from a different car. We propose a framework based on generative adversarial networks (GANs) to generate missing parts of the data and train the classifier on it, mitigating the necessity to collect the real data. We show that the model trained on the synthetic data performs better than the baseline trained on the collected measurements only. Furthermore, our model closes the gap to the level of performance achieved when we would have the information about the new car in multiple environments by 35%.
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Voronin, Viacheslav, Vladimir Marchuk, Sergey Makov, Vladimir Mladenovic und Yigang Cen. „Spatio-temporal image inpainting for video applications“. Serbian Journal of Electrical Engineering 14, Nr. 2 (2017): 229–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/sjee170116004v.
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Video inpainting or completion is a vital video improvement technique used to repair or edit digital videos. This paper describes a framework for temporally consistent video completion. The proposed method allows to remove dynamic objects or restore missing or tainted regions presented in a video sequence by utilizing spatial and temporal information from neighboring scenes. Masking algorithm is used for detection of scratches or damaged portions in video frames. The algorithm iteratively performs the following operations: achieve frame; update the scene model; update positions of moving objects; replace parts of the frame occupied by the objects marked for remove by using a background model. In this paper, we extend an image inpainting algorithm based texture and structure reconstruction by incorporating an improved strategy for video. Our algorithm is able to deal with a variety of challenging situations which naturally arise in video inpainting, such as the correct reconstruction of dynamic textures, multiple moving objects and moving background. Experimental comparisons to state-of-the-art video completion methods demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach. It is shown that the proposed spatio-temporal image inpainting method allows restoring a missing blocks and removing a text from the scenes on videos. <br><br><font color="red"><b> This article has been retracted. Link to the retraction <u><a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/SJEE1803373E">10.2298/SJEE1803373E</a><u></b></font>
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Zoccali, Federica, Andrea Colizza, Fabrizio Cialente, Arianna Di Stadio, Ignazio La Mantia, Charlie Hanna, Antonio Minni, Massimo Ralli, Antonio Greco und Marco de Vincentiis. „3D Printing in Otolaryngology Surgery: Descriptive Review of Literature to Define the State of the Art“. Healthcare 11, Nr. 1 (29.12.2022): 108. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11010108.
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Background: Three-dimensional (3D) printing has allowed great progression in the medical field. In otolaryngology practice, 3D printing can be used for planning in case of malformation/complex surgery, for surgeon training, and for recreating missing tissues. This systematic review aimed to summarize the current benefits and the possible future application of 3D technologies in the otolaryngology field. Methods: A systematic review of articles that discuss the use of 3D printing in the otolaryngology field was performed. All publications without the restriction of time and that were published by December 2021 in the English language were included. Searches were performed in the PubMed, MEDLINE, Scopus, and Embase databases. Keywords used were: “3D printing”, “bioprinting”, “three-dimensional printing”, “tissue engineering” in combination with the terms: “head and neck surgery”, “head and neck reconstruction”, “otology”, “rhinology”, “laryngology”, and “otolaryngology”. Results: Ninety-one articles were included in this systematic review. The articles describe the clinical application of 3D printing in different fields of otolaryngology, from otology to pediatric otolaryngology. The main uses of 3D printing technology discussed in the articles included in the review were surgical planning in temporal bone malformation, the reconstruction of missing body parts after oncologic surgery, allowing for medical training, and providing better information to patients. Conclusion: The use of 3D printing in otolaryngology practice is constantly growing. However, available evidence is still limited, and further studies are needed to better evaluate the benefits of this technology.
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Huang, Yixing, Shengxiang Wang, Yong Guan und Andreas Maier. „Limited angle tomography for transmission X-ray microscopy using deep learning“. Journal of Synchrotron Radiation 27, Nr. 2 (13.02.2020): 477–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s160057752000017x.
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In transmission X-ray microscopy (TXM) systems, the rotation of a scanned sample might be restricted to a limited angular range to avoid collision with other system parts or high attenuation at certain tilting angles. Image reconstruction from such limited angle data suffers from artifacts because of missing data. In this work, deep learning is applied to limited angle reconstruction in TXMs for the first time. With the challenge to obtain sufficient real data for training, training a deep neural network from synthetic data is investigated. In particular, U-Net, the state-of-the-art neural network in biomedical imaging, is trained from synthetic ellipsoid data and multi-category data to reduce artifacts in filtered back-projection (FBP) reconstruction images. The proposed method is evaluated on synthetic data and real scanned chlorella data in 100° limited angle tomography. For synthetic test data, U-Net significantly reduces the root-mean-square error (RMSE) from 2.55 × 10−3 µm−1 in the FBP reconstruction to 1.21 × 10−3 µm−1 in the U-Net reconstruction and also improves the structural similarity (SSIM) index from 0.625 to 0.920. With penalized weighted least-square denoising of measured projections, the RMSE and SSIM are further improved to 1.16 × 10−3 µm−1 and 0.932, respectively. For real test data, the proposed method remarkably improves the 3D visualization of the subcellular structures in the chlorella cell, which indicates its important value for nanoscale imaging in biology, nanoscience and materials science.
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Zhang, Yang, Zhen Liu, Xiang Li und Yu Zang. „Data-Driven Point Cloud Objects Completion“. Sensors 19, Nr. 7 (28.03.2019): 1514. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19071514.
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With the development of the laser scanning technique, it is easier to obtain 3D large-scale scene rapidly. However, many scanned objects may suffer serious incompletion caused by the scanning angles or occlusion, which has severely impacted their future usage for the 3D perception and modeling, while traditional point cloud completion methods often fails to provide satisfactory results due to the large missing parts. In this paper, by utilising 2D single-view images to infer 3D structures, we propose a data-driven Point Cloud Completion Network ( P C C N e t ), which is an image-guided deep-learning-based object completion framework. With the input of incomplete point clouds and the corresponding scanned image, the network can acquire enough completion rules through an encoder-decoder architecture. Based on an attention-based 2D-3D fusion module, the network is able to integrate 2D and 3D features adaptively according to their information integrity. We also propose a projection loss as an additional supervisor to have a consistent spatial distribution from multi-view observations. To demonstrate the effectiveness, first, the proposed P C C N e t is compared to recent generative networks and has shown more powerful 3D reconstruction abilities. Then, P C C N e t is compared to a recent point cloud completion methods, which has demonstrate that the proposed P C C N e t is able to provide satisfied completion results for objects with large missing parts.
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S. Anita und Dr. S. Prema. „Human Face Reconstruction using Divine Proportions and Gestalt for Occluded Video Face Recovery in Forensic Analysis using Deep Learning“. International Journal of Inventive Engineering and Sciences 11, Nr. 2 (28.02.2024): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.35940/ijies.b1089.11020224.
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Forensic video analysis has been used in diverse kind of high-profile cases, global discrepancies, and conflict zones. It is a three-phase process of scientific examination, comparison, and evaluation of video in legal matters. Human face reconstruction using deep learning for occluded video face recovery to aid in forensic analysis is the main objective of this paper. Forensic facial reconstruction is a combination of both scientific methods and artistic skill. In this paper, we introduce a method to reconstruct human faces occluded due to short noise innight-time video clips. A skull database is created with unique skull models with varying shapes, forms and proportions. Human body mathematical model biometric using golden ratio algorithm is proposed and used to find the occluded face proportions. Closure principle of gestalt theory of visual perception is used to fill in the missing parts of a face design and to create a whole face image using gan. The proposed model is found to have 50% lesser reduced Median error rate and 20% reduced Stdev than PrNet and 10% lower Mean error rate than 3Dddfav2.
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Dang, Changgwon, Taejeong Choi, Seungsoo Lee, Soohyun Lee, Mahboob Alam, Sangmin Lee, Seungkyu Han, Duy Tang Hoang, Jaegu Lee und Duc Toan Nguyen. „Case Study: Improving the Quality of Dairy Cow Reconstruction with a Deep Learning-Based Framework“. Sensors 22, Nr. 23 (30.11.2022): 9325. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22239325.
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Three-dimensional point cloud generation systems from scanning data of a moving camera provide extra information about an object in addition to color. They give access to various prospective study fields for researchers. With applications in animal husbandry, we can analyze the characteristics of the body parts of a dairy cow to improve its fertility and milk production efficiency. However, in the depth image generation from stereo data, previous solutions using traditional stereo matching algorithms have several drawbacks, such as poor-quality depth images and missing information in overexposed regions. Additionally, the use of one camera to reconstruct a comprehensive 3D point cloud of the dairy cow has several challenges. One of these issues is point cloud misalignment when combining two adjacent point clouds with the small overlapping area between them. In addition, another drawback is the difficulty of point cloud generation from objects which have little motion. Therefore, we proposed an integrated system using two cameras to overcome the above disadvantages. Specifically, our framework includes two main parts: data recording part applies state-of-the-art convolutional neural networks to improve the depth image quality, and dairy cow 3D reconstruction part utilizes the simultaneous localization and calibration framework in order to reduce drift and provide a better-quality reconstruction. The experimental results showed that our approach improved the quality of the generated point cloud to some extent. This work provides the input data for dairy cow characteristics analysis with a deep learning approach.
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Святощик, М. И. „On the Invariability of Sentence Parsing“. Иностранные языки в высшей школе, Nr. 2(61) (29.08.2022): 79–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.37724/rsu.2022.61.2.010.
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В статье рассматривается синтаксический разбор предложения, который соответствует семантической разметке события. Используя методы комбинáторной семантики, воссоздавая пропущенные члены предложения на основе модели мира и языковой картины мира, уточняя фразы в строгом соответствии с требованиями рекурсивной реконструкции, мы восстанавливаем структуру события и осуществляем синтаксический разбор предложения по членам и семантический разбор события по ролям участвующих в нем индивидов с опорой на ролевой лист Теории автоматического порождения архитектуры знаний (ТАПАЗ-2). The article deals with the syntactic analysis of the sentence, which corresponds to the semantic markup of the event. Using the methods of combinatory semantics, recreating the missing parts of the sentence based on the World model and the linguistic world image, refining phrases in strict accordance with the requirements of recursive reconstruction, we restore the structure of the event and perform syntactic analysis of the sentence by parts and semantic analysis of the event by the roles of the individuals participating in it, based on the role list of individuals according to the Theory for Automatic Generation of Knowledge Architecture (TAPAZ-2).
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Prasanthi, Tammineni Shanmukha, Swarajya Madhuri Rayavarapu, Yenneti Laxmi Lavanya, Gottapu Santosh Kumar und Gottapu Sasibhushana Rao. „Investigation of Optimal Image Inpainting Techniques for Image Reconstruction and Image Restoration Applications“. International Journal on Recent and Innovation Trends in Computing and Communication 11, Nr. 6s (10.06.2023): 271–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/ijritcc.v11i6s.6918.
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People in today's society take a lot of pictures with their smartphones and also make an effort to keep their old photographs safe, but with time, those photographs deteriorate. Image inpainting is the art of reconstructing damaged or missing parts of an image. Repairing scratches in photographs or film negatives, or adding or removing elements like stamped dates or "red-eye," are all possible through inpainting. In order to restore the image many techniques have been developed, significant techniques include exemplar based inpainting, coherent based inpainting and method for correction of non-uniform illumination. The four main applications of these image inpainting techniques are scratch removal, text removal, object removal and image restoration. However, all the four image inpainting applications cannot be implemented using a single technique. According to the literature, there has been relatively less work done in the field of image inpainting applications. Investigation has been carried out to find the suitability of these three techniques for the four above mentioned image inpainting applications based on two performance metrics.
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Assous, Said, Peter Elkington und James Whetton. „Microresistivity borehole image inpainting“. GEOPHYSICS 79, Nr. 2 (01.03.2014): D31—D39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/geo2013-0188.1.
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Images rendered from measurements made by wireline microresistivity imaging tools include longitudinal gaps whenever the well circumference exceeds the total width of the pad-mounted electrode arrays. The fraction of an image containing null data depends on tool design, and it is commonly approximately 30% for 261 mm (8.5 in.)-bit size wells increasing to approximately 50% in 311 mm (12.25 in.) wells. We use cues from the measured parts to infer information missing from the gaps; a method has been developed that simulates the process by decomposing the measured parts into their morphological components using sparse representations of multiscale multiorientation transforms, then recomposing the full-bore image assuming it to be efficiently represented by the transform’s elemental bases. The approach was evaluated using real data sets with a variety of geologic features, including full-coverage images from small diameter wells artificially obscured to simulate images from larger diameter wells. For borehole images dominated by curvilinear features, reconstructions from artificially obscured images were visually indistinguishable from the original unobscured images for a broad range of coverage loss and for all apparent dip angles below near-vertical, regardless of degree of parallelism (or lack thereof). Successful reconstruction of near-vertical features (including those with complex boundaries such as breakouts) was more dependent on coverage loss, but in these cases, the results were consistent with judgments made by interpreters. Therefore, we found that inpainting provides a consistent starting point for reproducible quantitative geologic analysis, and it is an enabler for automated feature recognition.
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Vandeput, Lutgarde. „The Theatre-Façade at Sagalassos“. Anatolian Studies 42 (Dezember 1992): 99–118. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3642954.
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The theatre of Sagalassos lies to the north-east of the city, high up the mountain. It is undoubtedly one of the best preserved monuments on the site (Pl. XXV (a)), although some parts of it have collapsed as a result of successive earthquakes. The southwestern part of the cavea, which was built on artificial substructures, and the free-standing stage building are particularly badly damaged, but even there the blocks still lie scattered in the vicinity and very few pieces are missing. Despite this, opinion concerning the reconstruction of the scaenae frons, and even some details of the cavea, differs widely (see below).During the 1991 season at Sagalassos we started a study of the building and its decoration. Even though this has not been completed, some results have already arisen, which I would like to discuss in this article. A close examination of the fallen blocks of the stage building, gave clear indications for the reconstruction of the scaenae frons. Their decoration supplies clues for the dating of the monument. New study of the theatre façade allows a one-stage reconstruction, as proposed originally by G. Niemann in Ch. Lanckoronski's work concerning the cities of Pisidia and not the two storeys, proposed by D. de Bernardi Ferrero, and a date in the last quarter of the second century A.D.