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Alam, AHM Zahirul. „Editorial“. IIUM Engineering Journal 18, Nr. 2 (29.03.2018): i—iv. http://dx.doi.org/10.31436/iiumej.v18i2.915.

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IIUM ENGINEERING JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY MALAYSIAÂ Â CHIEF EDITORAhmad Faris Ismail, IIUM, MalaysiaÂ Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â TECHNICAL EDITORErry Yulian Triblas Adesta, IIUM, MalaysiaEXECUTIVE EDITORAHM Zahirul Alam, IIUM, MalaysiaASSOCIATE EDITORAnis Nurashikin Nordin, IIUM, MalaysiaLANGUAGE EDITORÂ Lynn Mason, MalaysiaCOPY EDITORHamzah Mohd. Salleh, IIUM, MalaysiaEDITORIAL BOARD MEMBERSAbdullah Al-Mamun, IIUM, MalaysiaAbdumalik Rakhimov, IIUM, MalaysiaAmir Akramin Shafie, IIUM, MalaysiaErwin Sulaeman, IIUM, Malaysia aHanafy Omar, Saudi ArabiaHazleen Anuar, IIUM, MalaysiaKonstantin Khanin, University of Toronto, CanadaMa'an Al-Khatib, IIUM, MalaysiaMd. Zahangir Alam, IIUM, MalaysiaMeftah Hrairi, IIUM, MalaysiaMohamed B. Trabia, United StatesMohammed Konneh, IIUM, MalaysiaMohammad S. Alam, Texas A&M University-Kingsville, United StatesMustafizur Rahman, National University Singapore, SingaporeNor Farahidah Za bah, IIUM, MalaysiaOssama Abdulkhalik, Michigan Technological University, United StatesTeddy Surya Gunawan, IIUM, MalaysiaWaqar Asrar, IIUM, MalaysiaÂ AIMS & SCOPE OF IIUMENGINEERING JOURNALThe IIUM Engineering Journal, published biannually, is a carefully refereed international publication of International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM). Contributions of high technical merit within the span of engineering disciplines; covering the main areas of engineering: Electrical and Computer Engineering; Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering; Automation and Mechatronics Engineering; Material and Chemical Engineering; Environmental and Civil Engineering; Biotechnology and Bioengineering; Engineering Mathematics and Physics; and Computer Science and Information Technology are considered for publication in this journal. Contributions from other areas of Engineering and Applied Science are also welcomed. The IIUM Engineering Journal publishes contributions under Regular papers, Invited review papers, Short communications, Technical notes, and Letters to the editor (no page charge). Book reviews, reports of and/or call for papers of conferences, symposia and meetings, and advances in research equipment could also be published in IIUM Engineering Journal with minimum charges.REFEREESâ€™ NETWORKAll papers submitted to IIUM Engineering Journal will be subjected to a rigorous reviewing process through a worldwide network of specialized and competent referees. Each accepted paper should have at least two positive refereesâ€™ assessments.SUBMISSION OF A MANUSCRIPTA manuscript should be submitted online to the IIUM-Engineering Journal website:http://journals.iium.edu.my/ejournal. Further correspondence on the status of the paper could be done through the journal website and the e-mail addresses of the Executive Editor: zahirulalam@iium.edu.my Faculty of Engineering, International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM), Jan Gombak, 53100, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.Â Phone: (603) 6196 4529, Fax:(603) 6196 4488.Â INTERNATIONAL ADVISORY COMMITTEEÂ A. Anwar, United StatesAbdul Latif Bin Ahmad, MalaysiaFarzad Ismail, USM, Pulau Pinang, MalaysiaHanafy Omar, Saudi ArabiaHany Ammar, United StatesÂ Â K.B. Ramachandran, IndiaKunzu Abdella, CanadaLuis Le Moyne, ISAT, University of Burgundy, FranceM Mujtaba, United KingdomMohamed AI-Rubei, IrelandMohamed B Trabia, United StatesMohammad S. Alam, Texas A&M University-Kingsville, United StatesNazmul KarimOssama Abdulkhalik, Michigan Technological University, United StatesRazi Nalim, IUPUI, Indianapolis, Indiana, United StatesSyed Kamrul Islam, United StatesTibor CziganyYiu-Wing MaiÂ Â Published by:IIUM Press, International Islamic University MalaysiaJalan Gombak, 53100 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Phone (+603) 6196-5014, Fax: (+603) 6196-6298 Website: http://iiumpress.iium.edu.my/bookshopÂ Â Whilst every effort is made by the publisher and editorial board to see that no inaccurate or misleading data, opinion or statement appears in this Journal, they wish to make it clear that the data and opinions appearing in the articles and advertisement herein are the responsibility of the contributor or advertiser concerned. Accordingly, the publisher and the editorial committee accept no liability whatsoever for the consequence of any such inaccurate or misleading data, opinion or statement.Â IIUM Engineering JournalISSN: 1511-788XÂ Â E-ISSN: 2289-7860

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Alam, AHM Zahirul. „Editorial“. IIUM Engineering Journal 19, Nr. 2 (01.12.2018): i—iv. http://dx.doi.org/10.31436/iiumej.v19i2.1008.

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(IIUMEJ) IIUM ENGINEERING JOURNAL ISSN: 1511-788X E-ISSN: 2289-7860 Volume 19, Issue 2, December 2018 https://doi.org/10.31436/iiumej.v19i2 CHIEF EDITOR Ahmad Faris Ismail, IIUM, Malaysia TECHNICAL EDITOR Erry Yulian Triblas Adesta, IIUM, Malaysia EXECUTIVE EDITOR AHM Zahirul Alam, IIUM, Malaysia ASSOCIATE EDITOR Anis Nurashikin Nordin, IIUM, Malaysia LANGUAGE EDITOR Lynn Mason, Malaysia COPY EDITOR Hamzah Mohd. Salleh, IIUM, Malaysia EDITORIAL BOARD MEMBERS Abdullah Al-Mamun, IIUM, Malaysia Abdumalik Rakhimov, IIUM, Malaysia Amir Akramin Shafie, IIUM, Malaysia Erwin Sulaeman, IIUM, Malaysia Hanafy Omar, Saudi Arabia Hazleen Anuar, IIUM, Malaysia Konstantin Khanin, University of Toronto, Canada Ma'an Al-Khatib, IIUM, Malaysia Md Zahangir Alam, IIUM, Malaysia Meftah Hrairi, IIUM, Malaysia Mohamed B. Trabia, United States Mohammad S. Alam, Texas A&M University-Kingsville, United States Muataz Hazza Faizi Al Hazza, IIUM, Malaysia Mustafizur Rahman, National University Singapore, Singapore Nor Farahidah Binti Za'bah, IIUM, Malaysia Ossama Abdulkhalik, Michigan Technological University, United States Rosminazuin AB. Rahim, IIUM, Malaysia Waqar Asrar, IIUM, Malaysia INTERNATIONAL ADVISORY COMMITTEE A. Anwar, United States Abdul Latif Bin Ahmad, Malaysia Farzad Ismail, USM, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia Hanafy Omar, Saudi Arabia Hany Ammar, United States Idris Mohammed Bugaje, Nigeria K.B. Ramachandran, India Kunzu Abdella, Canada Luis Le Moyne, ISAT, University of Burgundy, France M Mujtaba, United Kingdom Mohamed AI-Rubei, Ireland Mohamed B Trabia, United States Mohammad S. Alam, Texas A&M University-Kingsville, United States Nazmul Karim Ossama Abdulkhalik, Michigan Technological University, United States Razi Nalim, IUPUI, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States Syed Kamrul Islam, United States Tibor Czigany, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Hungary Yiu-Wing Mai, The University of Sydney, Australia. AIMS & SCOPE OF IIUMENGINEERING JOURNAL The IIUM Engineering Journal, published biannually, is a carefully refereed international publication of International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM). Contributions of high technical merit within the span of engineering disciplines; covering the main areas of engineering: Electrical and Computer Engineering; Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering; Automation and Mechatronics Engineering; Material and Chemical Engineering; Environmental and Civil Engineering; Biotechnology and Bioengineering; Engineering Mathematics and Physics; and Computer Science and Information Technology are considered for publication in this journal. Contributions from other areas of Engineering and Applied Science are also welcomed. The IIUM Engineering Journal publishes contributions under Regular papers, Invited review papers, Short communications, Technical notes, and Letters to the editor (no page charge). Book reviews, reports of and/or call for papers of conferences, symposia and meetings, and advances in research equipment could also be published in IIUM Engineering Journal with minimum charges. REFEREESâ€™ NETWORK All papers submitted to IIUM Engineering Journal will be subjected to a rigorous reviewing process through a worldwide network of specialized and competent referees. Each accepted paper should have at least two positive refereesâ€™ assessments. SUBMISSION OF A MANUSCRIPT A manuscript should be submitted online to the IIUM-Engineering Journal website: http://journals.iium.edu.my/ejournal. Further correspondence on the status of the paper could be done through the journal website and the e-mail addresses of the Executive Editor: zahirulalam@iium.edu.my Faculty of Engineering, International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM), Jan Gombak, 53100, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Phone: (603) 6196 4529, Fax:(603) 6196 4488. Table of Content EDITORIAL............................................................................................... i CHEMICAL AND BIOTECHNOLOGY ENGINEERING CHLORELLA VULGARIS LOGISTIC GROWTH KINETICS MODEL IN HIGH CONCENTRATIONS OF AQUEOUS AMMONIA................... 1 Azlin Suhaida Azmi, Nurain Atikah Che Aziz, Noor Illi Mohamad Puad, Amanatuzzakiah Abdul Halim, Faridah Yusof, Suzana Yusup SYNTHETIC ANTIMICROBIAL AGENT AND ANTIMICROBIAL FABRICS: PROGRESS AND CHALLENGES............. 10 Norashikin Binti Mat Zain, John Olabode Akindoyo, Mohammad Dalour Hossen Beg CIVIL AND ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING PERFORMANCE OF HIGH STRENGTH LIGHTWEIGHT CONCRETE USING PALM WASTES................................... 30 Md. Nazmul Huda, Mohd Zamin Jumaat, Abul Bashar Mohammad Saiful Islam, Walid Abubaker Al-Kutti ELECTRICAL, COMPUTER AND COMMUNICATIONS ENGINEERING WIDE RANGE MODULATION INDEXES FEATURED CARRIER-BASED PWM STEPPED WAVEFORM FOR HALF- BRIDGE MODULAR MULTILEVEL CONVERTERS......................................................................................... 43 Majdee Tohtayong, Sheroz Khan, Mashkuri Yaacob, Siti Hajar Yusoff, Nur Shahida Midi, Musse Muhamud Ahmed A NOVEL METHOD TO ESTIMATE ECONOMIC REPLACING TIME OF TRANSFORMER USING MONTE CARLO ALGORITHM AND ANN............................................................................................... 54 Mehdi Zareian Jahromi, M. Hossein Mehrabanjahromi, Mohsen Tajdinian, Mehdi Allahbakhshi ADAPTIVE TRIMMED MEAN AUTOREGRESSIVE MODEL FOR REDUCTION OF POISSON NOISE IN SCINTIGRAPHIC IMAGES.......... 68 Khan Bahadar Khan, Muhammad Shahid, Hayat Ullah, Eid Rehman, Muhammad Mohsin Khan EVALUATION OF THE W-METRIC ROUTING USING RPL PROTOCOL IN LLNS........................................................................ 80 Rosminazuin Ab Rahim, Abdallah M. Awwad, Aisha Hasan Abdalla, Aliza Aini Md Ralib INVESTIGATION ON NEED FOR SPECIFIC PROPAGATION MODEL FOR SPECIFIC ENVIRONMENT BASED ON DIFFERENT TERRAIN CHARACTERISTICS...................90 Jide Julius Popoola, Akinlolu Adediran Ponnle, Yekeen Olajide Olasoji, Samson Adenle Oyetunji A STUDY ON LOW-COMPLEXITY TRANSMIT ANTENNA SELECTION FOR GENERALIZED SPATIAL MODULATION.................................................................................. 105 Simeon Olumide Ajose, Adewale Akanbi Alafia, Agbotiname Lucky Imoize A NEW SPECTRUM AND ENERGY AWARE ROUTING PROTOCOL IN COGNITIVE RADIO SENSOR NETWORK.............................. 118 Sara Moshtaghi, Sayyed Majid Mazinani RECENT TRENDS IN DENGUE DETECTION METHODS USING BIOSENSORS................................................................................ 134 Ahmad Anwar Zainuddin, Anis Nurashikin Nordin, Rosminazuin Ab Rahim NUMERICAL ANALYSIS OF TUNNEL LED LIGHTING MAINTENANCE FACTOR.......................................................................... 154 Mehmet Sait Cengiz, Ã‡iÄŸdem Cengiz ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS AND APPLIED SCIENCE ABOUT THE SILICON SENSITIVITY OF THE DEEP LEVEL WITH ALTERNATING PRESSURE................................... 164 Ikrom Gulamovich Tursunov, Abdurahim Abduraxmonovich Okhunov, Odiljon Oxundadaevich Mamatkarimov THE HYDRODYNAMIC COEFFICIENTS FOR OSCILLATING 2D RECTANGULAR BOX USING WEAKLY COMPRESSIBLE SMOOTHED PARTICLE HYDRODYNAMICS (WCSPH) METHOD................................................................................. 172 Muhammad zahir ramli AN ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUE TO OBTAIN HIGHER-ORDER APPROXIMATE PERIODS FOR THE NONLINEAR OSCILLATOR................... 182 Md Sazzad Hossien Chowdhury, Md. Alal Hosen, Mohammad Yeakub Ali, Ahmad Faris Ismail MATERIALS AND MANUFACTURING ENGINEERING EFFECT OF POLY (ETHYLENE GLYCOL) ON THE INJECTABILITY, SETTING BEHAVIOR AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF CALCIUM PHOSPHATE BONE CEMENT.........................................................192 Sufiamie Hablee, Iis Sopyan, Maizirwan Mel, Hamzah Mohd. Salleh, Md. Mujibur Rahman MECHANICAL AND AEROSPACE ENGINEERING STUDY OF MESH QUALITY IMPROVEMENT FOR CFD ANALYSIS OF AN AIRFOIL................................................ 203 Farah Aqilah, Mazharul Islam, Franjo Juretic, Joel Guerrero, David Wood, Farid Nasir Ani MECHATRONICS AND AUTOMATION ENGINEERING COLOR RECOGNITION WEARABLE DEVICE USING MACHINE LEARNING FOR VISUALY IMPAIRED PERSON................................... 213 Tarek Mohamed Bolad , Nik Nur Wahidah Nik Hashim, Noor Hazrin Hany Mohamad Hanif COMBINATION OF FUSED DEPOSITION MODELLING WITH ABRASIVE MILLING FOR ATTAINING HIGHER DIMENSIONAL ACCURACY AND BETTER SURFACE FINISH ..................................... 221 Abu Naser Mohammad Amanullah Tomal, Tanveer Saleh, Md Raisuddin Khan Whilst every effort is made by the publisher and editorial board to see that no inaccurate or misleading data, opinion or statement appears in this Journal, they wish to make it clear that the data and opinions appearing in the articles and advertisement herein are the responsibility of the contributor or advertiser concerned. Accordingly, the publisher and the editorial committee accept no liability whatsoever for the consequence of any such inaccurate or misleading data, opinion or statement. Published by: IIUM Press, International Islamic University Malaysia Jalan Gombak, 53100 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Phone (+603) 6196-5014, Fax: (+603) 6196-6298 Website: http://www.iium.edu.my/office/iiumpress

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Alam, AHM Zahirul. „Editorial“. IIUM Engineering Journal 19, Nr. 1 (01.06.2018): i—iv. http://dx.doi.org/10.31436/iiumej.v19i1.917.

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IIUM ENGINEERING JOURNAL CHIEF EDITOR Ahmad Faris Ismail, IIUM, Malaysia TECHNICAL EDITOR Erry Yulian Triblas Adesta, IIUM, Malaysia EXECUTIVE EDITOR AHM Zahirul Alam, IIUM, Malaysia ASSOCIATE EDITOR Anis Nurashikin Nordin, IIUM, Malaysia LANGUAGE EDITOR Lynn Mason, Malaysia COPY EDITOR Hamzah Mohd. Salleh, IIUM, Malaysia EDITORIAL BOARD MEMBERS Abdullah Al-Mamun, IIUM, Malaysia Abdumalik Rakhimov, IIUM, Malaysia Amir Akramin Shafie, IIUM, Malaysia Erwin Sulaeman, IIUM, Malaysia Hanafy Omar, Saudi Arabia Hazleen Anuar, IIUM, Malaysia Konstantin Khanin, University of Toronto, Canada Ma'an Al-Khatib, IIUM, Malaysia Md Zahangir Alam, IIUM, Malaysia Meftah Hrairi, IIUM, Malaysia Mohamed B. Trabia, United States Mohammad S. Alam, Texas A&M University-Kingsville, United States Muataz Hazza Faizi Al Hazza, IIUM, Malaysia Mustafizur Rahman, National University Singapore, Singapore Nor Farahidah Binti Za'bah, IIUM, Malaysia Ossama Abdulkhalik, Michigan Technological University, United States Rosminazuin AB. Rahim, IIUM, Malaysia Waqar Asrar, IIUM, Malaysia AIMS & SCOPE OF IIUMENGINEERING JOURNAL The IIUM Engineering Journal, published biannually, is a carefully refereed international publication of International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM). Contributions of high technical merit within the span of engineering disciplines; covering the main areas of engineering: Electrical and Computer Engineering; Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering; Automation and Mechatronics Engineering; Material and Chemical Engineering; Environmental and Civil Engineering; Biotechnology and Bioengineering; Engineering Mathematics and Physics; and Computer Science and Information Technology are considered for publication in this journal. Contributions from other areas of Engineering and Applied Science are also welcomed. The IIUM Engineering Journal publishes contributions under Regular papers, Invited review papers, Short communications, Technical notes, and Letters to the editor (no page charge). Book reviews, reports of and/or call for papers of conferences, symposia and meetings, and advances in research equipment could also be published in IIUM Engineering Journal with minimum charges. REFEREESâ€™ NETWORK All papers submitted to IIUM Engineering Journal will be subjected to a rigorous reviewing process through a worldwide network of specialized and competent referees. Each accepted paper should have at least two positive refereesâ€™ assessments. SUBMISSION OF A MANUSCRIPT <![if !vml]><![endif]>A manuscript should be submitted online to the IIUM-Engineering Journal website: http://journals.iium.edu.my/ejournal. Further correspondence on the status of the paper could be done through the journal website and the e-mail addresses of the Executive Editor: zahirulalam@iium.edu.my Faculty of Engineering, International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM), Jan Gombak, 53100, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Phone: (603) 6196 4529, Fax:(603) 6196 4488. INTERNATIONAL ADVISORY COMMITTEE A. Anwar, United States Abdul Latif Bin Ahmad, Malaysia Farzad Ismail, USM, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia Hanafy Omar, Saudi Arabia Hany Ammar, United States Idris Mohammed Bugaje, Nigeria K.B. Ramachandran, India Kunzu Abdella, Canada Luis Le Moyne, ISAT, University of Burgundy, France M Mujtaba, United Kingdom Mohamed AI-Rubei, Ireland Mohamed B Trabia, United States Mohammad S. Alam, Texas A&M University-Kingsville, United States Nazmul Karim Ossama Abdulkhalik, Michigan Technological University, United States Razi Nalim, IUPUI, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States Syed Kamrul Islam, United States Tibor Czigany, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Hungary Yiu-Wing Mai, The University of Sydney, Australia. Published by: IIUM Press, International Islamic University Malaysia Jalan Gombak, 53100 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Phone (+603) 6196-5014, Fax: (+603) 6196-6298 Website: http://iiumpress.iium.edu.my/bookshop Whilst every effort is made by the publisher and editorial board to see that no inaccurate or misleading data, opinion or statement appears in this Journal, they wish to make it clear that the data and opinions appearing in the articles and advertisement herein are the responsibility of the contributor or advertiser concerned. Accordingly, the publisher and the editorial committee accept no liability whatsoever for the consequence of any such inaccurate or misleading data, opinion or statement. IIUM Engineering Journal ISSN: 1511-788X E-ISSN: 2289-7860 Volume 19, Issue 1, June 2018 https://doi.org/10.31436/iiumej.v19i1 Table of Content CHEMICAL AND BIOTECHNOLOGY ENGINEERING ADSORPTION OF HEAVY METALS AND RESIDUAL OIL FROM PALM OIL MILL EFFLUENT USING A NOVEL ADSORBENT OF ALGINATE AND MANGROVE COMPOSITE BEADS COATED WITH CHITOSAN IN A PACKED BED COLUMN... 1 Rana Jaafar Jawad, Mohd Halim Shah Ismail, Shamsul Izhar Siajam INVESTIGATION OF BIOFLOCCULANT AS DEWATERING AID IN SLUDGE TREATMENT........................................ 15 Mohammed Saedi Jami, Maizirwan Mel, Aysha Ralliya Mohd Ariff, Qabas Marwan Abdulazeez HYDROGEN PRODUCTION FROM ETHANOL DRY REFORMING OVER LANTHANIA-PROMOTED CO/AL2O3 CATALYST............................. 24 Fahim Fayaz, Nguyen Thi Anh Nga, Thong Le Minh Pham, Huong Thi Danh, Bawadi Abdullah, Herma Dina Setiabudi, Dai-Viet Nguyen Vo OPTIMIZATION OF RED PIGMENT PRODUCTION BY MONASCUS PURPUREUS FTC 5356 USING RESPONSE SURFACE METHODOLOGY......................................................... 34 Nor Farhana Hamid And Farhan Mohd Said PRODUCTION AND STABILITY OF MYCO-FLOCCULANTS FROM LENTINUS SQUARROSULUS RWF5 AND SIMPLICILLIUM OBCLAVATUM RWF6 FOR REDUCTION OF WATER TURBIDITY.............................................................................. 48 Nessa Jebun, Md. Zahangir Alam, Abdullah Al-Mamun, Raha Ahmad Raus ROLE OF SUBSTRATE BINDING ON THE PROTEIN DYNAMICS OF AN ENDOGLUCANASE FROM FUSARIUM OXYSPORUM AT DIFFERENT TEMPERATURES .............................................................307 Abdul Aziz Ahmad, Ibrahim Ali Noorbatcha, Hamzah Mohd. Salleh CIVIL AND ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING DIMINISHING SEISMIC EFFECT ON BUILDINGS USING BEARING ISOLATION....................................................... 59 A. B. M. Saiful Islam ELECTRICAL, COMPUTER AND COMMUNICATIONS ENGINEERING A DISTRIBUTED ENERGY EFFICIENT CLUSTERING ALGORITHM FOR DATA AGGREGATION IN WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS.................................................................................. 72 Seyed Mohammad Bagher Musavi Shirazi, Maryam Sabet, Mohammad Reza Pajoohan POWER QUALITY IMPROVEMENT WITH CASCADED MULTILEVEL CONVERTER BASED STATCOM................. 91 Mahdi Heidari, Abdonnabi Kovsarian, S. Ghodratollah Seifossadat THE EFFECTS OF CABLE CHARACTERISTICS ON MAXIMUM OVERVOLTAGE IN COMBINED OVERHEAD/CABLE LINES PROTECTED BY SURGE ARRESTERS.............................................................................. 104 Reza Alizadeh, Mohammad Mirzaie SMART PORTABLE CRYOTHERAPY SYSTEM REPHRASED I.E. WITH CONTROLLED THERMOELECTRIC COOLING MODULES FOR MEDICAL APPLICATIONS................................................................................................ 117 Abbas Rahmani, Reza Hassanzadeh Pack Rezaee, Naser Kordani STATIC PIPELINE NETWORK PERFORMANCE OPTIMISATION USING DUAL INTERLEAVE ROUTING ALGORITHM 129 Siva Kumar Subramaniam1, Shariq Mahmood Khan, Anhar Titik, Rajagopal Nilavalan A MODIFIED MODEL BASED ON FLOWER POLLINATION ALGORITHM AND K-NEAREST NEIGHBOR FOR DIAGNOSING DISEASES........................................................................ 144 Mehdi Zekriyapanah Gashti A SINGLE LC TANK BASED ACTIVE VOLTAGE BALANCING CIRCUIT FOR BATTERY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM .158 A K M Ahasan Habib, S. M. A. Motakabber, Muhammad Ibn. Ibrahimy, A. H. M. Zahirul Alam ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS AND APPLIED SCIENCE ON THE CONTROL OF HEAT CONDUCTION.......................................... 168 Fayziev Yusuf Ergashevich MATERIALS AND MANUFACTURING ENGINEERING GREEN SYNTHESIS OF SILVER NANOPARTICLES USING SAGO (METROXYLON SAGU) VIA AUTOCLAVING METHOD......178 Aliyah Jamaludin, Che Ku Mohammad Faizal EFFECT OF ALKALINE TREATMENT ON PROPERTIES OF RATTAN WASTE AND FABRICATED BINDERLESS PARTICLEBOARD....185 Zuraida Ahmad, Maisarah Tajuddin, Nurul Farhana Fatin Salim, Zahurin Halim AMORPHOUS STRUCTURE IN CU-ZN-V-AL OXIDE COMPOSITE CATALYST FOR METHANOL REFORMING..... 197 Mohd Sabri Mahmud, Zahira Yaakob, Abu Bakar Mohamad, Wan Ramli Wan Daud, Vo Nguyen Dai Viet PERFORMANCE OF ELECTRICAL DISCHARGE MACHINING (EDM) WITH NICKEL ADDED DIELECTRIC FLUID....215 Ahsan Ali Khan, Muataz Hazza Faizi Al Hazza, A K M Mohiuddin, Nurfatihah Abdul Fattah, Mohd Radzi Che Daud ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION OF DURIAN SKIN NANOFIBRE BIOCOMPOSITE.......................................... 233 Siti Nur Eâ€™zzati Mohd Apandi, Hazleen Anuar, Siti Munirah Salimah Abdul Rashid MECHANICAL AND AEROSPACE ENGINEERING A REVIEW ON RHEOLOGY OF NON-NEWTONIAN PROPERTIES OF BLOOD....................................................... 237 Esmaeel Fatahian, Naser Kordani, Hossein Fatahian NUMERICAL STUDY OF THERMAL CHARACTERISTICS OF FUEL OIL-ALUMINA AND WATER-.......................... 250 Hossein Fatahian, Hesamoddin Salarian, Majid Eshagh Nimvari, Esmaeel Fatahian A PARAMETRIC STUDY ON CONTROL OF FLOW SEPARATION OVER AN AIRFOIL IN INCOMPRESSIBLE REGIME....270 Lakshmanan Prabhu, Jonnalagadda Srinivas OPTIMIZATION OF BOX TYPE GIRDER WITH AND WITHOUT INDUSTRIAL CONSTRAINTS................................ 289 Muhammad Abid, Shahbaz Mahmood Khan, Hafiz Abdul Wajid

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Meeks, Hal. „Software Reviews : Sound Forge Version 4.0b Publisher: Sonic Foundry Inc., 100 South Baldwin, Suite 204, Madison, WI 53703-8062; telephone: 608-256-7300; fax: 608-256-7300 Version reviewed: 4.0b, with noise reduction plug-in, spectrum analysis, and batch converter options Minimum System Requirements: Windows 95, NT 3.51 or later, 486SX processor (Pentium recommended), 10 MB hard drive space (with 300 MB temporary additional space needed for audio recording). The software package includes a printed manual and installation software on CD rom. MSRP: $495“. Social Science Computer Review 16, Nr. 2 (Juli 1998): 205–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/089443939501600208.

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Huang, Yue, Peng Zeng und Kim-Kwang Raymond Choo. „An Efficient Privacy-Preserving Protocol for Computing kth Minimum Value in P2P Networks“. Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers 29, Nr. 09 (15.11.2019): 2050138. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218126620501388.

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Statistics such as [Formula: see text]th minimum value play a crucial role in our data-driven society, for example by informing decision-making. In this paper, we propose an efficient privacy-preserving protocol that allows a group of users who do not trust each other, for example in a peer-to-peer (P2P) network, to jointly calculate the [Formula: see text]th minimum value. Specifically, in our proposed protocol each user’s data is converted to a binary bit string following a certain rule. Then, the bits at the same position are aggregated from the leftmost to the rightmost. As far as we know, this is the first published scheme to obtain [Formula: see text]th minimum value in a P2P network without affecting users’ privacy. We also remark that the proposed protocol can be easily generalized to compute other statistics, such as maximum value, minimum value, and median value, while achieving high efficiency in a privacy-preserving P2P network. We then demonstrate that the proposed protocol achieves forward security and is resilient to a range of external and internal attacks.

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Al-Samawi, Ali Abedaljabar, und Hafedh Trabelsi. „New Nine-Level Cascade Multilevel Inverter with a Minimum Number of Switches for PV Systems“. Energies 15, Nr. 16 (12.08.2022): 5857. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15165857.

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To support the grid system with high power quality from photovoltaics (PVs) and reduce the partial shading condition (PSC) effect of the PV system, as well as the mismatch power issue, in this study, we present a simple single-phase, nine-level cascade inverter architecture for photovoltaic (PV) systems with a minimum number of power components and passive parts. This reduction in the number of switches decreases the switching losses and the number of driving circuits, which causes a reduction in the complexity of the control circuit and hence reduces the cost and size. The suggested inverter shows a lower output voltage total harmonic distortion (THD) and unity power factor. In addition, this inverter’s control and switching techniques are far simpler than those of recently published designs. To evaluate the performance of the proposed inverter, we performed a comparison of the cascaded multilevel inverter (CMLI) topology, which required recent cascade topologies with the same nine voltage levels. The comparison depends on parameters such as the number of components (diode and capacitors) and the number of active switches in the inverter, in addition to total harmonic distortion. MATLAB/Simulink models for a grid-tied solar system PV application driven by the proposed nine-level inverter were built for design and validation.

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Bhandari, T. R., und G. Dangal. „COVID-19 Pandemic and Neonatal Health: What We Know so Far?“ Kathmandu University Medical Journal 18, Nr. 2 (19.11.2020): 94–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/kumj.v18i2.33038.

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COVID-19 first time appeared in December 2019 in Wuhan, China. The number of cases increased rapidly in china and outside and the World Health Organization declared a pandemic on 11th March 2020. The pregnant and postpartum women, child, and neonatal populations are vulnerable to this disease due to immunological and physiological changes. This paper analyzed the published evidence for assessing the effect of COVID-19 on neonatal health and health care. Online published literature was searched from PubMed, Google Scholar, and other official webpages using keywords: “coronavirus/COVID-19/new coronavirus 2019”/SARS-CoV-2 and neonatal health/care/outcomes” and reviewed to prepare this article. COVID-19 is the potential to transmit either mother to fetus or mother/caregiver to neonates. However, neonates born from infected mothers did not show significant clinical features. Pharyngeal-swab, amniotic-fluid, cord-blood, and breast-milk test results were not found positive. Health facility-based vaginal/caesarian delivery was considered a low risk of transmission. However, recommended to separate neonates with infected mothers/caregivers and test immediately after birth to avoid the possible transmission. Mothers/caregivers should take routine preventive measures such as washing hands frequently and avoiding contact with infected people. If neonates suffered from the server acute respiratory distress requires intensive care urgently. Despite the possibility of the intrauterine transmission of COVID-19 direct evidence is still lacking so it needs more studies for further confirmation. The International Pediatric Association suggested preventive programs, curative care, vaccination, and telemedicine care as the minimum services and called on its members to address these cares during the pandemic.

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Galperin, Y. I., und J. M. Bosqued. „Stationary magnetospheric convection on November 24, 1981. 1. A case study of "pressure gradient/minimum-B" auroral arc generation“. Annales Geophysicae 17, Nr. 3 (31.03.1999): 358–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00585-999-0358-0.

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Abstract. We present two case studies in the night and evening sides of the auroral oval, based on plasma and field measurements made at low altitudes by the AUREOL-3 satellite, during a long period of stationary magnetospheric convection (SMC) on November 24, 1981. The basic feature of both oval crossings was an evident double oval pattern, including (1) a weak arc-type structure at the equatorial edge of the oval/polar edge of the diffuse auroral band, collocated with an upward field-aligned current (FAC) sheet of \\sim1.0 µA m-2, (2) an intermediate region of weaker precipitation within the oval, (3) a more intense auroral band at the polar oval boundary, and (4) polar diffuse auroral zone near the polar cap boundary. These measurements are compared with the published magnetospheric data during this SMC period, accumulated by Yahnin et al. and Sergeev et al., including a semi-empirical radial magnetic field profile BZ in the near-Earth neutral sheet, with a minimum at about 10-14 RE. Such a radial BZ profile appears to be very similar to that assumed in the "minimum- B/cross-tail line current" model by Galperin et al. (GVZ92) as the "root of the arc", or the arc generic region. This model considers a FAC generator mechanism by Grad-Vasyliunas-Boström-Tverskoy operating in the region of a narrow magnetic field minimum in the near-Earth neutral sheet, together with the concept of ion non-adiabatic scattering in the "wall region". The generated upward FAC branch of the double sheet current structure feeds the steady auroral arc/inverted-V at the equatorial border of the oval. When the semi-empirical BZ profile is introduced in the GVZ92 model, a good agreement is found between the modelled current and the measured characteristics of the FACs associated with the equatorial arc. Thus the main predictions of the GVZ92 model concerning the "minimum-B" region are consistent with these data, while some small-scale features are not reproduced. Implications of the GVZ92 model are discussed, particularly concerning the necessary conditions for a substorm onset that were not fulfilled during the SMC period.Key words. Magnetospheric physics (auroral phenomena; magnetospheric configuration and dynamics; plasma sheet).

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Wagner, N. J., und A. T. J. M. Woutersen. „The viscosity of bimodal and polydisperse suspensions of hard spheres in the dilute limit“. Journal of Fluid Mechanics 278 (10.11.1994): 267–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022112094003708.

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An exact result is calculated numerically for the dilute limiting, zero shear viscosity of bimodal suspensions of hard spheres. The required hydrodynamic functions are calculated from recent results for the resistivities of unequal spheres. Both the hydrodynamic and Brownian contributions to the Huggins coefficient exhibit a minimum that is symmetric in mixing volume fraction. The resultant minimum deepens with increasing size ratio. The results are discussed in the light of published measurements of the viscosity for bimodal suspensions and previous phenomenological theories. The reduction of viscosity upon mixing is seen to be a result of near-field hydrodynamic shielding of asymmetric particle pairs. It is also shown that the use of far-field hydrodynamic interactions yields qualitatively incorrect results for the viscosity of binary mixtures. A parametrization of the bimodal results allows an estimation of the effects of suspension polydispersity on the Huggins coefficient. For polydispersities of ten percent or less, the Huggins coefficient is essentially unchanged from the value calculated for an equivalent, monodisperse suspension at equal volume fraction. A parametrization of these results is provided for relating the reduction in Huggins coefficient to the polydispersity index.

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Daun, Edewet, Mohd Yazid Bajuri, Abdul Halim Abd Rashid, Sharaf Ibrahim und Srijit Das. „OUTCOME OF PONSETI METHOD IN TREATING CONGENITAL IDIOPATHIC CLUBFOOT: FIVE YEARS’ EXPERIENCE AT A TERTIARY HOSPITAL“. Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 11, Nr. 4 (01.04.2018): 118. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2018.v11i4.23322.

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Objective: The earliest non-surgical treatment for the correction of congenital idiopathic talipes equinovarus (CTEV) deformity was described by Ignacio Ponseti. He suggested gentle manipulation and serial applications of casts followed by a period of bracing to maintain the correction. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the result of the Ponseti method with a subjective clinical scoring system using Pirani score, to compare the results with the published literature and to evaluate the effectiveness of foot abduction orthosis (FAO) or ankle-foot orthoses (AFO) in preventing relapse following correction.Methods: A cross-sectional study which was conducted at the Paediatric Orthopaedic Clinic, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre (UKMMC). A minimum of 12 months follow-up casting was observed before the patient was subjected to the subjective clinical scoring system. A total of 25 patients which included 5 right feet, 9 left feet, and 10 bilateral feet with idiopathic clubfeet were treated with Ponseti serial casting. Percutaneous Achilles tendon tenotomy was done for 28 feet (82.35%) to correct the equinus to achieve full correction.Results: Our results showed that the Ponseti method for treating CTEV was comparable to other published studies. Satisfactory and good results were observed in 97% of cases. A total of 41.18% underwent re-tenotomy of tendon Achilles due to recurrent and persistent equinus.Conclusion: The treatment of CTEV using Ponseti method will increase the successful correction. Meanwhile, the FAO gave better results for maintenance and prevention of recurrent deformity, compared to the AFO.

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Astudillo-Castro, Carolina, Andrés Cordova, Vinka Oyanedel-Craver, Carmen Soto-Maldonado, Pedro Valencia, Paola Henriquez und Rafael Jimenez-Flores. „Prediction of the Limiting Flux and Its Correlation with the Reynolds Number during the Microfiltration of Skim Milk Using an Improved Model“. Foods 9, Nr. 11 (06.11.2020): 1621. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods9111621.

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Limiting flux (JL) determination is a critical issue for membrane processing. This work presents a modified exponential model for JL calculation, based on a previously published version. Our research focused on skim milk microfiltrations. The processing variables studied were the crossflow velocity (CFV), membrane hydraulic diameter (dh), temperature, and concentration factor, totaling 62 experimental runs. Results showed that, by adding a new parameter called minimum transmembrane pressure, the modified model not only improved the fit of the experimental data compared to the former version (R2 > 97.00%), but also revealed the existence of a minimum transmembrane pressure required to obtain flux (J). This result is observed as a small shift to the right on J versus transmembrane pressure curves, and this shift increases with the flow velocity. This fact was reported in other investigations, but so far has gone uninvestigated. The JL predicted values were correlated with the Reynolds number (Re) for each dh tested. Results showed that for a same Re; JL increased as dh decreased; in a wide range of Re within the turbulent regime. Finally, from dimensionless correlations; a unique expression JL = f (Re, dh) was obtained; predicting satisfactorily JL (R2 = 84.11%) for the whole set of experiments

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Morris, P. C., und S. J. Davies. „Enhanced pyridoxine supplementation of diets for gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata L.)“. Animal Science 61, Nr. 2 (Oktober 1995): 445–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1357729800013990.

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AbstractUsing a high protein diet (483 g/kg), two trials were carried out to assess any potential benefit which may result from the supplementation of diets for fingerling and grower class gilthead seabream with pyridoxine at levels which were below, matched and far exceeded the minimum dietary requirement. At the level of supplementation below the minimal requirement (lowest level) the responses from the practical diet almost matched the responses from the diet containing an amount of pyridoxine corresponding to the published minimum requirement for the species and no significant improvement in performance was recorded in response to increasing supplement level. However, despite the absence of a marked effect on overall performance, a small potential for increased activity of alanine aminotransferase was recorded amongst grower class fish given diets containing the lowest supplement. The proximate composition of the grower class fish was unaffected by the level of pyridoxine supplementation though marginal increases in the lipid content of the fingerlings were observed. At the haematological level, haematocrit, total haemoglobin and the plasma concentrations of glucose and protein were also unaffected. However, on the application of an acute stressor (repeated netting), significant alterations in haematocrit and plasma glucose concentration reflecting dietary pyridoxine supplement were recorded.

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Nelson, E., R. Hillis, M. Sandiford, S. Reynolds und S. Mildren. „PRESENT-DAY STATE-OF-STRESS OF SOUTHEAST AUSTRALIA“. APPEA Journal 46, Nr. 1 (2006): 283. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj05016.

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There have been several studies, both published and unpublished, of the present-day state-of-stress of southeast Australia that address a variety of geomechanical issues related to the petroleum industry. This paper combines present-day stress data from those studies with new data to provide an overview of the present-day state-of-stress from the Otway Basin to the Gippsland Basin. This overview provides valuable baseline data for further geomechanical studies in southeast Australia and helps explain the regional controls on the state-of-stress in the area.Analysis of existing and new data from petroleum wells reveals broadly northwest–southeast oriented, maximum horizontal stress with an anticlockwise rotation of about 15° from the Otway Basin to the Gippsland Basin. A general increase in minimum horizontal stress magnitude from the Otway Basin towards the Gippsland Basin is also observed. The present-day state-of-stress has been interpreted as strike-slip in the South Australian (SA) Otway Basin, strike-slip trending towards reverse in the Victorian Otway Basin and borderline strike-slip/reverse in the Gippsland Basin. The present-day stress states and the orientation of the maximum horizontal stress are consistent with previously published earthquake focal mechanism solutions and the neotectonic record for the region. The consistency between measured present-day stress in the basement (from focal mechanism solutions) and the sedimentary basin cover (from petroleum well data) suggests a dominantly tectonic far-field control on the present-day stress distribution of southeast Australia. The rotation of the maximum horizontal stress and the increase in magnitude of the minimum horizontal stress from west to east across southeast Australia may be due to the relative proximity of the New Zealand segment of the plate boundary.

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Miley, J. M., O. Panić, M. Wyatt und G. M. Kennedy. „Unlocking the secrets of the midplane gas and dust distribution in the young hybrid disc HD 141569“. Astronomy & Astrophysics 615 (Juli 2018): L10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201833381.

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Context. HD 141569 is a pre-main sequence star with a disc uniquely placed between protoplanetary and debris discs, similar to the older “hybrid” type discs. Aims. This work aims to place the mass and spatial structure of the disc midplane in the context of the debris, hybrid and protoplanetary discs. Methods. We observed HD 141569 with ALMA in 1.3 mm continuum and 13CO (2-1). This is the first detection and image of the optically thin gas emission from the midplane of this disc. Results. In continuum emission, we detect a combination of an unresolved central peak and a ring of millimetre emission at 220 ± 10 au, slightly interior to one of the rings discovered in scattered light. The minimum dust mass of the ring is 0.13 ± 0.02 M⊕ while the unresolved millimetre peak at the stellar location is predominantly thermal emission due to a minimum of 1.2 ± 0.2 M⊕ of dust. 13CO is distributed asymmetrically around the stellar position with a peak at 1ʺ̣1 distance and a PA of −33°. The gas is detected as far as 220 ± 10 au, a radial separation the same as that of the mm ring. Assuming optically thin emission and standard ISM abundances, we used our 13CO data to derive the gas mass in the disc of (6.0 ± 0.9) × 10−4M⊙. Comparison to published 12CO data shows that 12CO is optically thick, explaining why estimates based on 12CO underestimated the gas mass.

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Varenov, Andrey V. „A Summary Research on the Rock Art of East Asia. Rev.: Rock Art in East Asia: A Thematic Study“. Oriental Studies 20, Nr. 4 (2021): 200–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.25205/1818-7919-2021-20-4-200-203.

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This review is devoted to a brief discussion of the book ‘Rock Art in East Asia’, published in 2019. The general structure of the book is presented. The review reveals principles of preparing and summarizing data on the rock art of the regions comprising East and South-East Asia, set forth by the editors of the volume. The high quality of the work based on this approach concerning singular sites such as those in Korea, Japan and the Russian Far East is noted. At the same time, a critical analysis of the book’s shortcomings caused by the chosen scheme of description of the material when an attempt to describe a region rich in rock art sites inevitably leads to hasty tongue twisters, is given. For example, some chapters have minimum References or none at all. In summary, the reviewed book is a useful reference edition, though descriptions of certain sites or groups of sites from the regions of Mongolia and China adjacent to Central and South-East Asia, rich in rock art given in it should be treated with extreme caution.

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Baritchii, Adriana, A. Gubian und St I. Florian. „The impact of surgery in high grade gliomas - a literature review“. Romanian Neurosurgery 29, Nr. 3 (01.09.2015): 295–308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/romneu-2015-0040.

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Abstract Malignant gliomas are aggressive brain cancers. After many decades of intensive research they represent a major cause of cancer related mortality and morbidity. Management of malignant gliomas is very difficult. None of the current treatments are curative. High grade gliomas are optimally treated with surgery followed by radiotherapy and chemotherapy. The impact of surgery on progression free survival and overall survival was a constant preoccupation and debate for decades among neurosurgeons. Different studies published in the last 25 years have provided evidence that the extent of resection of high grade gliomas can influence time to progression and median survival, although so far there is no class I prospective randomized trial to fully answer this question. Some of the most important studies are reviewed here. The modern neurosurgery relay on some tools that proved to be very helpful in guiding the surgeon to achieve the maximal tumoral cytoreduction with minimum impact on the brain’s eloquent areas. iMRI has been proved to be safe and became an important tool during tumor surgery, used alone or in conjuction with other important techniques: intraoperative neurophysiology, awake cortical mapping, 5-ALA fluorescence etc. Although so far the prognostic of high grade gliomas is still disappointing, further understanding of the biology of these tumors and a patient-tailored treatment could be the keys of finding a cure in the future.

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Brunet, Catherine, Mark Allen, Marianne Brouty, Mihaela Buga, Cécile Loup, Anaïs Oberto, Emmanuelle Perret, Bernd Vollmer und Fabienne Woelfel. „COSIM: The necessary evolution of a cross-identification tool along with data evolution“. EPJ Web of Conferences 186 (2018): 02004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201818602004.

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SIMBAD is a bibliographic added-value database on astronomical objects, where the data on individual objects are cross-identified as far as possible. The data comes exclusively from what has been published by the scientific community. To treat large tables, the work is done semi-automatically with the help of a customized software. Since 2014, we are using a new one, called COSIM (Comparison of Objects for SIMBAD). It meets the new requirements which is a consequence of the evolution of the available astronomical data. It has increased in number, accuracy and diversity. On the basis of the data presented in a published table, COSIM searches for objects that are already known in SIMBAD, by name or by coordinates. A combination of scores based on the available and comparable parameters, like the main object type, coordinates, velocity and magnitudes, suggests whether the candidate is good for cross-identification or not. As soon as the result of the search is clear, indicating that there is either no matching candidate or only one good candidate, COSIM creates the commands necessary for updating the SIMBAD database. The documentalists can act on the method of calculation of each score, according to the nature of the objects in the table. Thus, with COSIM the documentalists manage to obtain a good cross-identification level with a minimum risk of omitted or false cross-identifications in a relatively short time compared to the treated data number.

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Millward, D. Joe. „Identifying recommended dietary allowances for protein and amino acids: a critique of the 2007 WHO/FAO/UNU report“. British Journal of Nutrition 108, S2 (August 2012): S3—S21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114512002450.

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The WHO/FAO/UNU (2007) report examines dietary protein and amino acid requirements for all age groups, protein requirements during pregnancy, lactation and catch-up growth in children, the implications of these requirements for developing countries and protein quality evaluation. Requirements were defined as the minimum dietary intake which satisfies the metabolic demand and achieves nitrogen equilibrium and maintenance of the body protein mass, plus the needs for growth in children and pregnancy and lactation in healthy women. Insufficient evidence was identified to enable recommendations for specific health outcomes. A meta analysis of nitrogen balance studies identifies protein requirements for adults 10 % higher than previous values with no influence of gender or age, consistent with a subsequently published comprehensive study. A new factorial model for infants and children, validated on the basis of the adequacy of breast milk protein intakes and involving a lower maintenance requirement value, no provision for saltatory growth and new estimates of protein deposition identifies lower protein requirements than in previous reports. Higher values for adult amino acid requirements, derived from a re-evaluation of nitrogen balance studies and new stable isotope studies, identify some cereal-based diets as being inadequate for lysine. The main outstanding issues relate to the biological implausibility of the very low efficiencies of protein utilisation used in the factorial models for protein requirements for all population groups especially pregnancy when requirements may be overestimated. Also considerable uncertainty remains about the design and interpretation of most of the studies used to identify amino acid requirement values.

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Paetzmann, Karsten. „Bad assets options and bank resolution in Europe“. Journal of Risk Finance 16, Nr. 5 (16.11.2015): 486–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jrf-06-2015-0058.

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Purpose – This paper analyzes the new EU Bank Recovery and Resolution Directive (BRRD) to determine the level of guidance on instruments to wind-down bad asset portfolios of asset management vehicles. In the absence of such detailed guidance stipulated by the BRRD, the aim is to provide certain practical guidance to future resolution planning and execution. Design/methodology/approach – This paper draws upon experience from portfolio reduction strategies applied at European bad banks in the aftermath of the 2008 financial crisis. For illustration purposes, the paper use case study data from a bad bank located in the eurozone. Findings – For the new European Commission, implementation and enforcement of the Banking Union within the eurozone is currently a key priority. Present efforts are mainly directed towards minimum technical standards. However, the fundamental question of how to orderly unwind a bad assets portfolio without the usage of public funds remains partly addressed only. While a uniform approach to any bad asset does not seem to be applicable, certain lessons learned from previous financial crises may contribute to a selection of reduction strategies. Research limitations/implications – This paper draws upon experience from portfolio reduction strategies applied at European bad banks in the aftermath of the 2008 financial crisis. It includes case study data from the wind-down of a eurozone bad bank detailing the asset reduction strategies achieved so far. Such per asset class wind-down patterns have not been published and commented on in academia so far.

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Zech, R., Ch Kull, P. W. Kubik und H. Veit. „LGM and Late Glacial glacier advances in the Cordillera Real and Cochabamba (Bolivia) deduced from 10Be surface exposure dating“. Climate of the Past 3, Nr. 4 (26.10.2007): 623–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cp-3-623-2007.

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Abstract. Surface exposure dating (SED) is an innovative tool already being widely applied for moraine dating and for Late Quaternary glacier and climate reconstruction. Here we present exposure ages of 28 boulders from the Cordillera Real and the Cordillera Cochabamba, Bolivia. Our results indicate that the local Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) in the Eastern Cordilleras occurred at ~22–25 ka and was thus synchronous to the global temperature minimum. We were also able to date several Late Glacial moraines to ~11–13 ka, which likely document lower temperatures and increased precipitation ("Coipasa" humid phase). Additionally, we recognize the existence of older Late Glacial moraines re-calculated to ~15 ka from published cosmogenic nuclide data. Those may coincide with the cold Heinrich 1 event in the North Atlantic region and the pronounced "Tauca" humid phase. We conclude that (i) exposure ages in the tropical Andes may have been overestimated so far due to methodological uncertainties, and (ii) although precipitation plays an important role for glacier mass balances in the tropical Andes, it becomes the dominant forcing for glaciation only in the drier and thus more precipitation-sensitive regions farther west and south.

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Alifariki, La Ode, Sri Susanty, Sukurni Sukurni und Heriviyatno Julika Siagian. „Analisis Bibliometrik Penelitian Pengobatan Herbal Penderita Hipertensi di Indonesia Menggunakan VOS-Viewer“. Jurnal Keperawatan Silampari 5, Nr. 2 (02.03.2022): 764–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.31539/jks.v5i2.3448.

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This study aims to analyze the scope of research on the treatment of hypertension with herbs using a bibliometric approach. The method used is to search the database using the Publish-of-Perish application and then extract the search results using the VOS-viewer. The results show that the minimum number of terms associated with using the VOS-viewer is set to 2 times. After being analyzed, 5 clusters (purple, red, green, blue, and orange) show the relationship between one topic and another. VOS-viewer can display bibliometric mappings in three different visualizations: network, overlay, and density. The keywords that appear the most are hypertension, blood pressure, and the elderly. Through the VOS-Viewer, we analyzed how many articles had been published on herbal remedies for people with hypertension and found that marine herbal ingredients had not been used to treat hypertension in Indonesia for that period. In conclusion, this bibliometric approach is essential to determine novelty in conducting further research by identifying basic themes in each study, the field of knowledge, or research that has been carried out so far. Keywords: Bibliometrics, Herbs, Hypertension, Vos-Viewer

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Zech, R., Ch Kull, P. W. Kubik und H. Veit. „LGM and Late Glacial glacier advances in the Cordillera Real and Cochabamba (Bolivia) deduced from 10Be surface exposure dating“. Climate of the Past Discussions 3, Nr. 3 (27.06.2007): 839–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cpd-3-839-2007.

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Abstract. Surface exposure dating (SED) is an innovative tool being already widely applied for moraine dating and for Late Quaternary glacier and climate reconstruction. Here we present exposure ages of 28 boulders from the Cordillera Real and the Cordillera Cochabamba, Bolivia. Our results indicate that the local Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) in the Eastern Cordilleras occurred at ~22–25 ka and thus synchronous to the global temperature minimum. We were also able to date several Late Glacial moraines to ~11–13 ka, which likely document lower temperatures and increased precipitation ("Coipasa" humid phase). Additionally, we recognize the existence of older Late Glacial moraines re-calculated to ~15 ka from published cosmogenic nuclide data. Those may coincide with the cold Heinrich 1 event in the North Atlantic region and the pronounced "Tauca" humid phase. We conclude that (i) exposure ages in the tropical Andes may have been substantially overestimated so far due to methodological uncertainties, and (ii) although precipitation plays an important role for glacier mass balances in the tropical Andes, it becomes the dominant forcing for glaciation only in the drier and thus more precipitation-sensitive regions further west and south.

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Hillis, R. R., D. G. Crosby und A. K. Khurana. „A MODIFIED FRACTURE GRADIENT RELATION AND ITS APPLICATION TO EAST TEXAS AND THE TIMOR SEA“. APPEA Journal 37, Nr. 1 (1997): 536. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj96032.

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Theoretical fracture gradient relations are generally based on the assumption that the sedimentary sequence behaves elastically under conditions of lateral constraint. Hence the minimum horizontal stress (σhmin) is given by: where V is Poisson's ratio, σv is overburden stress, pp is pore pressure, and at is far -field tectonic stress. In driling practice, fracture initiation, or leak -off pressures, which are related to σhmin are most commonly predicted by the application of empirical stress /depth relations such as that proposed for offshore Western Australia by Vuckovic (1989): Leak -off pressure (psi) = 0.197D1145, where D is depth in feet. A modified form of the uniaxial elastic relation for the prediction of σhmin is proposed, such that: where the constants c and d are straight line regression constants derived from cross -plotting effective minimum horizontal stress and effective vertical stress. This relation, as opposed to previous empirical approaches to fracture gradient /σhmin determination, yields regression coefficients of physical significance: c represents the average Poisson's ratio term, v /(1 -v), and d represents an estimate of the tectonic (and inelastic) component of the minimum horizontal stress. This application of the modified fracture gradient relation, termed the effective stress cross -plot method, is tested successfully against published data from experimental wells in the East Texas Basin where independent estimates of Poisson's ratio are available. Leak -off pressures have been compiled from 61 wells in the Timor Sea. Leak -off pressures in the Timor Sea are somewhat lower than predicted by Vuckovic's (1989) stress /depth relation for offshore Western Australia, and a new, empirical stress /depth relation, which better fits the Timor Sea data is proposed: The effective stress cross -plot method is also applied to the Timor Sea data, yielding: Detailed pore pressure data were not available for the Timor Sea data -set and the effective stress cross -plot method does not fit the observed data any better than the new empirical stress /depth relation. However, the regression constants suggest an average Poisson's ratio of 0.26 and a relatively insignificant tectonic stress of 1 MPa for the Timor Sea.

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Olawuyi, Dimeji Abdulsobur, Daniel Olaloye Esanju, Samuel Adedolapo Olowolayemo, Chukwuebuka Stanley Asogwa, Olajire Oluwagbenga Salako, Anjolaoluwa Esther Kolajo, Olatokun Shamsudeen Akano, Jonas Paul Ibekwe, Adaeze Nancy Mbey und Abayomi Hassan Raji. „Immunization of Children in Africa: Strides and Challenges“. Nigerian Journal of Medicine 32, Nr. 3 (2023): 229–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/njm.njm_42_23.

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Abstract Background: The African continent is behind by a wide margin in the childhood vaccination race which contributes significantly to the high childhood morbidity and mortality rate from vaccine-preventable diseases in the continent. Some African countries are still struggling to achieve routine immunization coverage for all recommended expanded program on immunization vaccines. Aim: In this study, we aimed to identify the barriers hindering childhood immunization in Africa and to identify the remarkable progress made so far. Materials and Methods: Peer-reviewed articles published in English that focused on the barriers to childhood immunization in Africa and the progress made so far was reviewed. This was achieved by searching relevant search terms in PubMed, Google Scholar, Wiley Online Library, and CINAHL databases dating back from January 2000 to June 2022. Result: A total of 30 papers were reviewed. The barriers include parents’ education status, economic status, and gender/age; place of birth and place of residence; cultural beliefs and religious affiliations; fear of contracting diseases and lack of trust in health public institutions; vaccine awareness and delivery; and dose-specific delays. The achievements include international support and oriented actions, plans for technological integration and its implementation, and domestic immunization-oriented actions and research work. Conclusion: Childhood immunization is still low in Africa with the majority of the countries yet to realize the global immunization targets. Technologies and immunization-related interventions have been implemented to support Africa but more concerted effort and aid are required to reduce vaccine-preventable deaths to the bare minimum.

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Midzi, V., T. Pule, B. Manzunzu, T. Mulabisana, B. S. Zulu und S. Myendeki. „Improved earthquake location in the gold mining regions of South Africa using new velocity models“. South African Journal of Geology 123, Nr. 1 (01.03.2020): 35–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.25131/sajg.123.0008.

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Abstract Reliable local earthquake locations depend on many factors of which a major one is the velocity model. Currently the Council for Geoscience (CGS) has been using the global IASP91 velocity model for earthquake locations in the cluster networks. To continue improving the earthquake locations it is necessary that new velocity models are determined for each cluster region (Central and East Rand - CERAND, the Klerksdorp – Orkney – Stilfontein – Hartebeesfontein – KOSH and the Far West and West Rand - WRAND). The availability of good quality data recorded by the cluster networks since their inception in 2010 provides an opportunity to conduct this work. Thus data from the cluster networks database were selected according to set quality criteria to obtain parametric data for 130 earthquakes in the CERAND region, 404 in the KOSH region and 1024 in the WRAND region. These data were used to determine a minimum 1-D velocity model with associated station corrections for each of the regions using the VELEST software package. Comparison of epicentres obtained using the new velocity models to epicentres previously published by the CGS, showed improvement in the quality of the new locations. Thus, the new models will be implemented in the day-to-day analysis of data recorded in the three study regions by the cluster network of stations.

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Fajkus, Petr, Agata Kilar, Andrew D. L. Nelson, Marcela Holá, Vratislav Peška, Ivana Goffová, Miloslava Fojtová, Dagmar Zachová, Jana Fulnečková und Jiří Fajkus. „Evolution of plant telomerase RNAs: farther to the past, deeper to the roots“. Nucleic Acids Research 49, Nr. 13 (28.06.2021): 7680–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkab545.

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Abstract The enormous sequence heterogeneity of telomerase RNA (TR) subunits has thus far complicated their characterization in a wider phylogenetic range. Our recent finding that land plant TRs are, similarly to known ciliate TRs, transcribed by RNA polymerase III and under the control of the type-3 promoter, allowed us to design a novel strategy to characterize TRs in early diverging Viridiplantae taxa, as well as in ciliates and other Diaphoretickes lineages. Starting with the characterization of the upstream sequence element of the type 3 promoter that is conserved in a number of small nuclear RNAs, and the expected minimum TR template region as search features, we identified candidate TRs in selected Diaphoretickes genomes. Homologous TRs were then used to build covariance models to identify TRs in more distant species. Transcripts of the identified TRs were confirmed by transcriptomic data, RT-PCR and Northern hybridization. A templating role for one of our candidates was validated in Physcomitrium patens. Analysis of secondary structure demonstrated a deep conservation of motifs (pseudoknot and template boundary element) observed in all published TRs. These results elucidate the evolution of the earliest eukaryotic TRs, linking the common origin of TRs across Diaphoretickes, and underlying evolutionary transitions in telomere repeats.

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Dębski, Roman. „High-performance simulation-based algorithms for an alpine ski racer’s trajectory optimization in heterogeneous computer systems“. International Journal of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science 24, Nr. 3 (01.09.2014): 551–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/amcs-2014-0040.

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Abstract Effective, simulation-based trajectory optimization algorithms adapted to heterogeneous computers are studied with reference to the problem taken from alpine ski racing (the presented solution is probably the most general one published so far). The key idea behind these algorithms is to use a grid-based discretization scheme to transform the continuous optimization problem into a search problem over a specially constructed finite graph, and then to apply dynamic programming to find an approximation of the global solution. In the analyzed example it is the minimum-time ski line, represented as a piecewise-linear function (a method of elimination of unfeasible solutions is proposed). Serial and parallel versions of the basic optimization algorithm are presented in detail (pseudo-code, time and memory complexity). Possible extensions of the basic algorithm are also described. The implementation of these algorithms is based on OpenCL. The included experimental results show that contemporary heterogeneous computers can be treated as μ-HPC platforms-they offer high performance (the best speedup was equal to 128) while remaining energy and cost efficient (which is crucial in embedded systems, e.g., trajectory planners of autonomous robots). The presented algorithms can be applied to many trajectory optimization problems, including those having a black-box represented performance measure

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Han, Cunrui, Zhouchuan Huang, Mingjie Xu, Liangshu Wang, Ning Mi, Dayong Yu und Hua Li. „Focal mechanism and stress field in the northeastern Tibetan Plateau: insight into layered crustal deformations“. Geophysical Journal International 218, Nr. 3 (14.06.2019): 2066–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggz267.

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SUMMARY Focal mechanism solutions (FMSs) reflect the stress field underground directly. They provide essential clue for crustal deformations and therefore improve our understanding of tectonic uplift and expansion of the Tibetan Plateau. In this study, we applied generalized Cut and Paste and P-wave first-motion methods to determine 334 FMSs (2.0 ≤ Mw ≤ 6.4) with the data recorded by a new temporary network deployed in the NE Tibetan Plateau by ChinArray project. We then used 1015 FMSs (including 681 published FMSs) to calculate the regional stress field with a damped linear inversion. The results suggest dominant thrust and strike-slip faulting environments in the NE Tibetan Plateau. From the Qilian thrust belt to the Qinling orogen, the maximum horizontal stress orientations (${S_\mathrm{ H}}$) rotate clockwise from NNE to NE, and further to EW, showing a fan-shaped pattern. The derived minimum horizontal stress orientations (${S_\mathrm{ h}}$) are parallel to the aligned fabrics in the mantle lithosphere indicated by shear wave splitting measurements, suggesting vertically coherent deformation in the NE Tibetan Plateau. Beneath the SW Qinling adjacent to the plateau, however, the stress orientations in the shallow and deep crust are different, whereas the deep crustal stress field indicates possible ductile crustal flow or shear.

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Tokovinin, Andrei. „Spectroscopic Orbits of Subsystems in Multiple Stars. X (Summary)“. Astronomical Journal 165, Nr. 6 (02.05.2023): 220. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/acca19.

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Abstract Results of a large program of spectroscopic monitoring of nearby solar-type stellar hierarchical systems using the CHIRON echelle spectrograph at the 1.5 m telescope are summarized. Ten papers of this series contain 102 spectroscopic orbits and substantially contribute to the knowledge of periods and eccentricties, providing input for the study of their formation and early evolution. Radial velocities of an additional 91 targets without CHIRON orbits (members of wide physical pairs) are published here. Our results are compared to the recent Gaia nonsingle star (NSS) catalog, revealing its strengths and weaknesses. The NSS provides orbital periods for 31 objects of the CHIRON sample (about one third). Of the 22 spectroscopic NSS orbits in common, 14 are in good agreement with CHIRON, the rest have reduced velocity amplitudes or other problems. Hence ground-based monitoring gives, so far, a more accurate and complete picture of nearby hierarchies than Gaia. The distribution of inner periods in hierarchical systems is nonmonotonic, showing a shallow minimum in the 30–100 days bin and a strong excess at shorter periods, compared to the smooth distribution of simple binaries in the field. The period-eccentricity diagram of inner subsystems updated by this survey, recent literature, and Gaia, displays an interesting structure.

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Szczepanek, Robert. „A Deep Learning Model of Spatial Distance and Named Entity Recognition (SD-NER) for Flood Mark Text Classification“. Water 15, Nr. 6 (20.03.2023): 1197. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w15061197.

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Information on historical flood levels can be communicated verbally, in documents, or in the form of flood marks. The latter are the most useful from the point of view of public awareness building and mathematical modeling of floods. Information about flood marks can be found in documents, but nowadays, they are starting to appear more often on the Internet. The only problem is finding them. The aim of the presented work is to create a new model for classifying Internet sources using advanced text analysis (including named entity recognition), deep neural networks, and spatial analysis. As a novelty in models of this type, it was proposed to use a matrix of minimum distances between toponyms (rivers and towns/villages) found in the text. The resulting distance matrix for Poland was published as open data. Each of the methods used is well known, but so far, no one has combined them into one ensemble machine learning model in such a way. The proposed SD-NER model achieved an F1 score of 0.920 for the binary classification task, improving the model without this spatial module by 17%. The proposed model can be successfully implemented after minor modifications for other classification tasks where spatial information about toponyms is important.

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Kresnha Reza, Heru, und Melly Susanti. „Digital Business Adoption 2013-2018 A Bibliometric Study“. International Journal of Educational Research & Social Sciences 3, Nr. 2 (17.04.2022): 722–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.51601/ijersc.v3i2.324.

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Evaluating changes in the field of research on business adoption of digitalization is very useful to know the direction and topics of research during a certain period. This information can quickly identify the most influential research variables and become research updates. So far, we have not come across any research on digital business adoption over the past decade. Therefore, bibliometric mapping will be of great benefit to readers and can help convert publication metadata into maps or visualizations. The data is obtained from the publish or perish 7 application and then exported to the Mendeley application. We select articles and reviews published in Scopus indexed journals to be processed through VOSviewer. To describe 4665 terms with a minimum number of 7 occurrences in one term and 184 terms. A relevance score will be calculated based on the 30 most relevant terms. The results were found that from 2015 to 2020, there were 65089 total publications involved in the annual list and 30 terms were taken which are variables of digital business adoption. The most frequently repeated terms from the 4 clusters are Customer and Government with the same relevance score of 8571, Bitcoin with a relevance score of 83333, Firm with a relevance score of 7273, efficiency with a relevance score of 3333, experience with a relevance score of 2222.

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Lee, Eric T., David O'Riordan, Susan M. Swetter, Marie-France Demierre, Katie Brooks und Alan C. Geller. „Sun Care Advertising in Popular U.S. Magazines“. American Journal of Health Promotion 20, Nr. 5 (Mai 2006): 349–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4278/0890-1171-20.5.349.

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Purpose. We assessed the placement of magazine advertising for sun care products to lay the groundwork for broader promotion to more diverse and high-risk demographic groups. Methods. We reviewed 579 issues of 24 magazines published between the months of May and September from 1997 to 2002. We conducted a cover-to-cover review of top-selling magazines for men, women, teens, parents, travelers, and outdoor recreation users. We determined if there were any advertisements for the following sun care products: sun tanning lotions containing sun protection factor (SPF), sunless tanners without SPF, sunscreen with SPF, moisturizers with SPF, or cosmetics with SPF (which include sunless tanners containing SPF). Results. Sun care products, including sunscreens, were advertised primarily in women's magazines (77%). Nearly two thirds of all sun care products advertised were either for cosmetics (38%) or moisturizers (26%) containing SPF, followed by ads for sunscreen sold as a stand-alone product (19%). None of the ads contained all of the recommendations for safe use of sunscreen: a minimum SPF of 15, both UVA and UVB protection, reapplication instructions, and an adequate application coverage of 2 milligrams per square centimeter. Discussion. Magazine advertising to men, travelers, outdoor recreation users, and parents/ families (totaling a circulation of 41 million readers) during this six-year period were far fewer than those for women, despite high rates of excessive sun exposure in these groups.

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Tessari, Paolo. „Nonessential amino acid usage for protein replenishment in humans: a method of estimation“. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 110, Nr. 2 (12.06.2019): 255–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/nqz039.

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ABSTRACT Background Essential amino acids (EAAs) are key factors in determining dietary protein quality. Their RDAs have been estimated. However, although nonessential amino acids (NEAAs) are utilized for protein synthesis too, no estimates of their usage for body protein replenishment have been proposed so far. Objective The aim of this study was to provide minimum, approximate estimates of NEAA usage for body protein replenishment/conservation in humans. Methods A correlation between the pattern of both EAAs and NEAAs in body proteins, and their usage, was assumed. In order to reconstruct an “average” amino acid pattern/composition of total body proteins (as grams of amino acid per gram of protein), published data of relevant human organs/tissues (skeletal muscle, liver, kidney, gut, and collagen, making up ∼74% of total proteins) were retrieved. The (unknown) amino acid composition of residual proteins (∼26% of total proteins) was assumed to be the same as for the sum of the aforementioned organs excluding collagen. Using international EAA RDA values, an average ratio of EAA RDA to the calculated whole-body EAA composition was derived. This ratio was then used to back-calculate NEAA usage for protein replenishment. The data were calculated also using estimated organ/tissue amino acid turnover. Results The individual ratios of World Health Organization/Food and Agriculture Organization/United Nations University RDA to EAA content ranged between 1.35 (phenylalanine + tyrosine) and 3.68 (leucine), with a mean ± SD value of 2.72 ± 0.81. In a reference 70-kg subject, calculated NEAA usage for body protein replenishment ranged from 0.73 g/d for asparagine to 3.61 g/d for proline. Use of amino acid turnover data yielded similar results. Total NEAA usage for body protein replenishment was ∼19 g/d (45% of total NEAA intake), whereas ∼24 g/d was used for other routes. Conclusion This method may provide indirect minimum estimates of the usage of NEAAs for body protein replacement in humans.

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Cvetanovich, Gregory L., Alexander E. Weber, Benjamin D. Kuhns, Jennifer Alter, Joshua D. Harris, Richard C. Mather und Shane J. Nho. „Hip Arthroscopic Surgery for Femoroacetabular Impingement With Capsular Management: Factors Associated With Achieving Clinically Significant Outcomes“. American Journal of Sports Medicine 46, Nr. 2 (21.11.2017): 288–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0363546517739824.

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Background: There has been increasing interest in defining clinically meaningful outcomes in patient reported outcomes following orthopaedic surgery. Little is known about the factors associated with clinically meaningful outcomes after hip arthroscopy for femoroacetabular impingement. Study Design: Case-control study; Level of evidence, 3. Purpose: To report on a large, prospectively collected consecutive series of patients who underwent comprehensive arthroscopic treatment of femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) and capsular management with greater than 2-year follow-up. The objectives were to determine (1) what percentage of patients achieve clinically significant outcomes after hip arthroscopic surgery for FAI as determined by the minimal clinically important difference (MCID) and patient acceptable symptom state (PASS) and (2) what factors are associated with achieving the MCID and PASS. Methods: Data from an institutional repository of consecutive patients undergoing primary hip arthroscopic surgery with routine capsular closure for FAI that had failed nonsurgical management between January 2012 and January 2014 were prospectively collected and analyzed. Of 474 patients during the enrollment period, 386 (81.4%) patients were available for a minimum 2-year follow-up. Demographics, radiographic measurements, intraoperative characteristics, and patient-reported outcome scores were collected. The primary outcome measure was achieving published thresholds for the MCID and PASS for the Hip Outcome Score (HOS)–Activities of Daily Living (ADL) in patients with FAI. The HOS–Sport-Specific Subscale (SSS), complications, and reoperations were secondary outcome measures. Multivariate regression analyses were conducted to identify factors associated with achieving the MCID and PASS. Results: At a minimum of 2-year follow-up, the patients had statistically significant improvements in all patient-reported outcomes (HOS-ADL, HOS-SSS, and modified Harris Hip Score [mHHS]; P < .001 for all), with a 1.2% rate of revision hip arthroscopic surgery and 1.7% rate of conversion to total hip arthroplasty. The MCID was achieved by 78.8% of patients for the HOS-ADL, and the PASS was achieved by 62.5% for the HOS-ADL. Younger age ( P = .008), Tönnis grade 0 ( P = .022), and lower preoperative HOS-ADL score ( P < .001) were associated with successfully achieving the MCID for the HOS-ADL. Younger age ( P < .001), larger medial joint space width ( P = .028), and higher preoperative HOS-ADL score ( P < .001) were associated with achieving the PASS for the HOS-ADL. Younger age ( P < .001), lower body mass index ( P = .006), non–workers’ compensation status ( P = .020), and lower preoperative HOS-SSS score ( P < .001) were associated with achieving the MCID for the HOS-SSS. Younger age ( P = .001), Tönnis grade 0 ( P = .014), running ( P = .008), and higher preoperative HOS-SSS score ( P < .001) were associated with achieving the PASS for the HOS-SSS. Overall, 49.4% of patients achieved all 4 clinically significant outcomes: both the MCID and PASS for the HOS-ADL and HOS-SSS. Conclusion: The majority of patients undergoing hip arthroscopic surgery with routine capsular closure for FAI experienced clinically significant outcomes that met the MCID or PASS criteria, with low rates of revision and conversion to total hip arthroplasty. Factors associated with these successful outcomes on multivariate analyses included younger age with a normal joint space. Patients with lower preoperative HOS scores were more likely to achieve the MCID, whereas patients with higher preoperative HOS scores were more likely to achieve the PASS.

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Barros, Aluísio J. D. „Child-care attendance and common morbidity: evidence of association in the literature and questions of design“. Revista de Saúde Pública 33, Nr. 1 (Februar 1999): 98–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0034-89101999000100013.

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Papers on child-care attendance as a risk factor for acute respiratory infections and diarrhea were reviewed. There was great variety among the studies with regard to the design, definition of exposure and definition of outcomes. All the traditional epidemiological study designs have been used. The studies varied in terms of how child-care attendance in general was defined, and for different settings. These definitions differed especially in relation to the minimum time of attendance required. The outcomes were also defined and measured in several different ways. The analyses performed were not always appropriate, leading to sets of results of uneven quality, and composed of different measures of association relating different exposures and outcomes, that made summarizing difficult. Despite that, the results reported were remarkably consistent. Only two of the papers reviewed failed to show some association between child-care attendance and increased acute respiratory infections, or diarrhea. On the other hand, the magnitude of the associations reported varied widely, especially for lower respiratory infections. Taken together, the studies so far published provide evidence that children attending child-care centers, especially those under three years of age, are at a higher risk of upper respiratory infections, lower respiratory infections, and diarrhea. The studies were not consistent, however, in relation to attendance at child-care homes. Children in such settings were sometimes similar to those in child-care centers, sometimes similar to those cared for at home, and sometimes presented an intermediate risk.

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Raafat, Rana, Ahmed Marey und Sherif Goubran. „Experimental Study of Envelope Airtightness in New Egyptian Residential Dwellings“. Buildings 13, Nr. 3 (09.03.2023): 728. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings13030728.

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In residential buildings, air infiltration impacts energy, indoor air quality, and thermal comfort considerably. While air infiltration in residential buildings has been the focus of many studies, most published field-testing results pertain to developed countries, with little or no data on air infiltration in developing nations. This paper presents the results of one of the first field investigations into envelope infiltration in the residential buildings of the hot-arid climatic area of Egypt. To analyze the air permeability of the building envelope, the fan pressurization method, often known as the blower door test (BDT), is used, following ISO 9772. The study focuses on 20 residential dwellings built with heavy construction materials and subjects them to extensive characterization and testing. The average air leakage and the air permeability rate for the tested sample were 6.14 h−1 and 17.3 m3/(h∙m2), respectively. However, significant variations in airtightness were observed across the dwelling, leading the team to test several building-related parameters statistically to study their impact on airtightness. Fenestration quality appeared to be a critical factor in determining air infiltration, showing a strong correlation with the air change and leakage. A further investigation underscored that the specific aperture factor and the fenestration quality can predict the infiltration rates to a large degree. Thus, we recommend further investigation of these characteristics in heavy construction material building. Finally, we strongly recommend that building codes in developing countries such as Egypt include minimum performance requirements for fenestration.

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Kerr, Don. „Saskatoon Joins the Club, What I Learned from the Fringe“. Canadian Theatre Review 66 (März 1991): 36–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/ctr.66.007.

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What can you learn when you go to a Fringe? Saskatoon held its first Fringe this year, joining the network, five days, five venues, 34 plays, on- and off-Broadway, from August 2-6. At the first play I went to, Emotional Baggage, I learned again that what happens in theatre is a guy comes on pretending he’s somebody else. Then he has to keep us interested for an hour. The story he tells is a story we already know – about a man who wants to escape, go to New York, but he’s too timid and repressed and only when he casts off his emotional baggage is he free to make his journey. It’s a psychological exorcism, the therapy story. It’s set at a bus depot we can name the Art Bus Depot, a place that only art can occupy, and presented in a style of silent comedy and with expressionist props: a skull, a cross, a mask. It’s a Fringe play, a three-suitcase, twelve-folding-chair set, and it’s a play created by a performer, with a maximum of mime and a minimum of words. It wouldn’t make much sense published. That’s a lot to learn from a one-hour play. You learn it in bits and pieces and only later organize it. Is this paragraph as far from experience as the Art Bus Depot is from a real one?

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Gessler, Michael, und Christine Siemer. „Umbrella review: Methodological review of reviews published in peer-reviewed journals with a substantial focus on vocational education and training research“. International Journal for Research in Vocational Education and Training 7, Nr. 1 (29.04.2020): 91–125. http://dx.doi.org/10.13152/10.13152/ijrvet.7.1.5.

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Purpose: The growing public interest in vocational education and training (VET), most recently since the economic crisis of 2007/2008, has led to an exponential increase in articles with a vocational focus, underscoring the need for review studies for the purposes of systematic knowledge aggregation, clarification and interpretation. We assume that review studies follow the same minimum standards as other research methods: The review must be at least reproducible and thus the results verifiable or falsifiable. So far, however, the review methods used in VET research have not been investigated. Our purpose is to review the review procedures and methods used in published reviews of VET research to identify their current methodological quality. Approach: To classify the review studies, we initially developed a conceptual framework to distinguish different types of reviews. We then developed a methodological framework to assess the review methods used. Overall, to accelerate the review process, our review of reviews (or umbrella review) followed the rapid review approach: we limited our search to reviews in English published between 2014 and 2019 in peer-reviewed journals with a sub-stantial VET focus and indexed in Scopus and/or Web of Science. Therefore, we did not examine all existing reviews in the field of VET research. Rather, our specific focus was on a core sector of scientific research: peer-reviewed articles in curated databases. Furthermore, we concentrated on the review procedures and methods used, not on the content of the reviews. Findings: We identified nine journals with a substantial VET focus, yielding a total of 1,283 published articles between 2014 and 2019, of which only 19 articles (1.48%) were literature reviews. Of these 19 reviews, six were excluded from our umbrella review because of unclear methodological procedures. Based on the review typology we developed, five of the remaining 13 reviews were conceptual in nature, four were scoping reviews, three were evidence-oriented, and one was critical in nature. None of the reviews examined focused on meta-syntheses, research methods or meta-analyses. In total, this resulted in current review gaps with respect to theory generation (meta-synthesis), practice of theory elaboration and testing (methodological review) and the determination of overall effects across single studies (meta-analysis). Finally, our examination of the reviews showed that their scope was mostly clearly presented. However, with regard to the process steps ‘data selection’ and ‘data processing’, only a few reviews fully met the requirements of the methodological framework.Conclusion: Our review leads to four conclusions. 1) More systematic syntheses are needed because there is a substantial quantitative gap in review research. 2) In particular, there is a need for review studies with a focus on meta-synthesis, research methods and meta-analysis, as there is a current gap in these areas. 3) Reviews should be based on a review methodology with transparent and reproducible methods and verifiable or falsifiable results. The high number of subjective syntheses with unclear review procedures indicates that this mindset is not yet fully established in the field of VET research. 4) In the studies examined, there is a high degree of heterogeneity regarding to the accuracy and completeness of the methodological steps and data. The conceptual and methodological frameworks developed for the analysis can serve as guidelines for the conduct of reviews, and thus, the frameworks could contribute to the further development of the methodological basis of reviews.

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Gessler, Michael, und Christine Siemer. „Umbrella review: Methodological review of reviews published in peer-reviewed journals with a substantial focus on vocational education and training research“. International Journal for Research in Vocational Education and Training 7, Nr. 1 (29.04.2020): 91–125. http://dx.doi.org/10.13152/ijrvet.7.1.5.

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Purpose: The growing public interest in vocational education and training (VET), most recently since the economic crisis of 2007/2008, has led to an exponential increase in articles with a vocational focus, underscoring the need for review studies for the purposes of systematic knowledge aggregation, clarification and interpretation. We assume that review studies follow the same minimum standards as other research methods: the review must be at least reproducible and thus the results verifiable or falsifiable. So far, however, the review methods used in VET research have not been investigated. Our purpose is to review the review procedures and methods used in published reviews of VET research to identify their current methodological quality. Approach: To classify the review studies, we initially developed a conceptual framework to distinguish different types of reviews. We then developed a methodological framework to assess the review methods used. Overall, to accelerate the review process, our review of reviews (or umbrella review) followed the rapid review approach: we limited our search to reviews in English published between 2014 and 2019 in peer-reviewed journals with a substantial VET focus and indexed in Scopus and/or Web of Science. Therefore, we did not examine all existing reviews in the field of VET research. Rather, our specific focus was on a core sector of scientific research: peer-reviewed articles in curated databases. Furthermore, we concentrated on the review procedures and methods used, not on the content of the reviews. Findings: We identified nine journals with a substantial VET focus, yielding a total of 1,283 published articles between 2014 and 2019, of which only 19 articles (1.48%) were literature reviews. Of these 19 reviews, six were excluded from our umbrella review because of unclear methodological procedures. Based on the review typology we developed, five of the remaining 13 reviews were conceptual in nature, four were scoping reviews, three were evidence-oriented, and one was critical in nature. None of the reviews examined focused on meta-syntheses, research methods or meta-analyses. In total, this resulted in current review gaps with respect to theory generation (meta-synthesis), practice of theory elaboration and testing (methodological review) and the determination of overall effects across single studies (meta-analysis). Finally, our examination of the reviews showed that their scope was mostly clearly presented. However, with regard to the process steps ‘data selection’ and ‘data processing’, only a few reviews fully met the requirements of the methodological framework.Conclusion: Our review leads to four conclusions. 1) More systematic syntheses are needed because there is a substantial quantitative gap in review research. 2) In particular, there is a need for review studies with a focus on meta-synthesis, research methods and meta-analysis, as there is a current gap in these areas. 3) Reviews should be based on a review methodology with transparent and reproducible methods and verifiable or falsifiable results. The high number of subjective syntheses with unclear review procedures indicates that this mindset is not yet fully established in the field of VET research. 4) In the studies examined, there is a high degree of heterogeneity regarding to the accuracy and completeness of the methodological steps and data. The conceptual and methodological frameworks developed for the analysis can serve as guidelines for the conduct of reviews, and thus, the frameworks could contribute to the further development of the methodological basis of reviews.

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Dampilova, Ludmila S., und Erzhena B. Ayusheeva. „Особенности бурятских вариантов Гэсэриады“. Oriental studies 14, Nr. 4 (12.12.2021): 847–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.22162/2619-0990-2021-56-4-847-857.

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Introduction. The article aims to analyze Buryat versions of the epic Geser to identify their local features. It includes a detailed review not only of published texts, but also of manuscripts stored in the archives of Buryatia. For the first time, the regional versions of Geser are systematically examined as a necessary stage for further comparative studies of the genesis and transformation of epic traditions in Central Asia. Methods. The work uses comparative-historical and comparative methods of analysis. Of these, the latter was of key importance in comparing the versions of the epic that differ in terms of the place of their origin and temporal parameters. Results and discussion. The analysis began with a detailed discussion of published authentic texts of Geser represented by the Ekhirit-Bulagat and Ungin versions. Then, the features of archival versions of the epic are systematized and defined. The previous work on the plot composition and characters of each individual text is thoroughly compared to finally identify the features of the Buryat versions of the epic. Conclusion. The authors argue that the Ungin versions are quite close to the Mongolian ones, while the Ekhirit-Bulagat version, in their opinion, stands apart both in terms of their composition and themes. The introductory part of the uliger, a mythological prologue with a shamanic pantheon of deities, is characteristic only of the Buryat versions of Geser. Also, as far as the Western Buryat version is concerned, it may be pointed out that the influence of Buddhist teachings, which were not widespread in the heyday of the epic, was minimum. Of relevance are also the contaminations of the common Mongolian storytelling traditions with the characteristic motifs of the Central Asian epic. The identification of specific features of the local versions of Geser may expand our understanding of the specifics of the national epic as one of the main manifestations of traditional culture.

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Pfisterer-Heise, Stefanie, Julia Scharfe, Charlotte Mareike Kugler, Eni Shehu, Tobias Wolf, Tim Mathes und Dawid Pieper. „Protocol for the development of a core outcome set for studies on centralisation of healthcare services“. BMJ Open 13, Nr. 3 (März 2023): e068138. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2022-068138.

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IntroductionCentralisation defined as the reorganisation of healthcare services into fewer specialised units serving a higher volume of patients is a potential measure for healthcare reforms aiming at reducing costs while improving quality. Research on centralisation of healthcare services is thus essential to inform decision-makers. However, so far studies on centralisation report a variability of outcomes, often neglecting outcomes at the health system level. Therefore, this study aims at developing a core outcome set (COS) for studies on centralisation of hospital procedures, which is intended for use in observational as well as in experimental studies.Methods and analysisWe propose a five-stage study design: (1) systematic review, (2) focus group, (3) interview studies, (4) online survey, (5) Delphi survey. The study will be conducted from March 2022 to November 2023. First, an initial list of outcomes will be identified through a systematic review on reported outcomes in studies on minimum volume regulations. We will search MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTRAL, CINHAL, EconLIT, PDQ-Evidence for Informed Health Policymaking, Health Systems Evidence, Open Grey and also trial registries. This will be supplemented with relevant outcomes from published studies on centralisation of hospital procedures. Second, we will conduct a focus group with representatives of patient advocacy groups for which minimum volume regulations are currently in effect in Germany or are likely to come into effect to identify outcomes important to patients. Furthermore, two interview studies, one with representatives of the German medical societies and one with representatives of statutory health insurance funds, as well as an online survey with health services researchers will be conducted. In our analyses of the suggested outcomes, we will largely follow the categorisation scheme developed by the Cochrane EPOC group. Finally, a two-round online Delphi survey with all stakeholder groups using predefined score criteria for consensus will be employed to first prioritise outcomes and then agree on the final COS.Ethics and disseminationThis study has been approved by the Research Ethics Committee at the Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane (MHB). The final COS will be disseminated to all stakeholders involved and through peer-reviewed publications and conferences.

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Masurovsky, Alexander. „Controlling for Placebo Effects in Computerized Cognitive Training Studies With Healthy Older Adults From 2016-2018: Systematic Review“. JMIR Serious Games 8, Nr. 2 (26.06.2020): e14030. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/14030.

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Background Computerized cognitive training has been proposed as a potential solution to age-related cognitive decline. However, published findings from evaluation studies of cognitive training games, including metastudies and systematic reviews, provide evidence both for and against transferability from trained tasks to untrained cognitive ability. There continues to be no consensus on this issue from the scientific community. Some researchers have proposed that the number of results supporting the efficacy of cognitive training may be inflated due to placebo effects. It has been suggested that placebo effects need to be better controlled by using an active control and measuring participant expectations for improvement in outcome measures. Objective This review examined placebo control methodology for recent evaluation studies of computerized cognitive training programs with older adult subjects, specifically looking for the use of an active control and measurement of expectations. Methods Data were extracted from PubMed. Evaluation studies of computerized cognitive training with older adult subjects (age ≥50 years) published between 2016 and 2018 were included. Methods sections of studies were searched for (1) control type (active or passive) and subtype (active: active-ingredient or similar-form; passive: no-contact or passive-task); (2) if expectations were measured, how were they measured, and whether they were used in analysis; and (3) whether researchers acknowledged a lack of active control and lack of expectation measurement as limitations (where appropriate). Results Of the 19 eligible studies, 4 (21%) measured expectations, and 9 (47%) included an active control condition, all of which were of the similar-form type. The majority of the studies (10/19, 53%) used only a passive control. Of the 9 studies that found results supporting the efficacy of cognitive training, 5 were for far transfer effects. Regarding the limitations, due to practical considerations, the search was limited to one source (PubMed) and to search results only. The search terms may have been too restrictive. Recruitment methods were not analyzed, although this aspect of research may play a critical role in systematically forming groups with different expectations for improvement. The population was limited to healthy older adults, while evaluation studies include other populations and cognitive training types, which may exhibit better or worse placebo control than the studies examined in this review. Conclusions Poor placebo control was present in 47% (9/19) of the reviewed studies; however, the studies still published results supporting the effectiveness of cognitive training programs. Of these positive results, 5 were for far transfer effects, which form the basis for broad claims by cognitive training game makers about the scientific validity of their product. For a minimum level of placebo control, future evaluation studies should use a similar-form active control and administer a questionnaire to participants at the end of the training period about their own perceptions of improvement. Researchers are encouraged to think of more methods for the valid measure of expectations at other time points in the training.

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Mieth, P., J. L. Grenfell, U. Langematz und M. Kunze. „Sensitivity of the Freie Universität Berlin Climate Middle Atmosphere Model (FUB-CMAM) to different gravity-wave drag parameterisations“. Annales Geophysicae 22, Nr. 8 (07.09.2004): 2693–713. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/angeo-22-2693-2004.

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Abstract. We report the sensitivity of the Berlin Climate Middle Atmosphere Model (CMAM) to different gravity-wave (GW) parameterisations. We perform five perpetual January experiments: 1) Rayleigh friction (RF) (control), 2) non-orographic GWs, 3) orographic GWs, 4) orographic and non-orographic GWs with no background stress, and 5) as for 4) but with background stress. We also repeat experiment 4) but for July conditions. Our main aim is to improve the model climatology by introducing orographic and non-orographic parameterisations and to investigate the individual effect of these schemes in the Berlin CMAM. We compare with an RF control to determine the improvement upon a previously-published model version employing RF. Results are broadly similar to previously-published works. The runs having both orographic and non-orographic GWs produce a statistically-significant warming of 4-8K in the wintertime polar lower stratosphere. These runs also feature a cooling of the warm summer pole in the mesosphere by 10-15K, more in line with observations. This is associated with the non-orographic GW scheme. This scheme is also associated with a heating feature in the winter polar upper stratosphere directly below the peak GW-breaking region. The runs with both orographic and non-orographic GWs feature a statistically-significant deceleration in the polar night jet (PNJ) of 10-20ms-1 in the lower stratosphere. Both orographic and non-orographic GWs individually produce some latitudinal tilting of the polar jet with height, although the main effect comes from the non-orographic waves. The resulting degree of tilt, although improved, is nevertheless still weaker than that observed. Accordingly, wintertime variability in the zonal mean wind, which peaks at the edge of the vortex, tends to maximise too far polewards in the model compared with observations. Gravity-planetary wave interaction leads to a decrease in the amplitudes of stationary planetary waves 1 and 2 by up to 50% in the upper stratosphere and mesosphere, more in line with observations. Comparing modelled and observed Eliassen-Palm fluxes suggests that planetary wave (PW) breaking occurs too far polewards in the model. The wind and temperature changes are consistent with changes in the Brewer-Dobson (BD) circulation. Results suggest that the effect of enforcing a minimum background wave stress in the McFarlane scheme could be potentially important. In the Southern Hemisphere (SH) in July, the GW schemes had only a small impact on the high-latitude lower stratosphere but there featured strong warming near 0.1hPa.

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Qu, Yanfu, Hong Li, Jianfang Gao, Xuefeng Xu und Xiang Ji. „Thermal preference, thermal tolerance and the thermal dependence of digestive performance in two Phrynocephalus lizards (Agamidae), with a review of species studied“. Current Zoology 57, Nr. 6 (01.12.2011): 684–700. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/czoolo/57.6.684.

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Abstract We reported data on thermal preference, thermal tolerance and the thermal dependence of digestive performance for two Phrynocephalus lizards (P. frontalis and P. versicolor), and compared data among lizards so far studied worldwide. Mean values for selected body temperature (Tsel) and critical thermal maximum (CTMax) were greater in P. versicolor, whereas mean values for critical thermal minimum (CTMin) did not differ between the two species. The two lizards differed in food intake, but not in food passage time, apparent digestive coefficient (ADC) and assimilation efficiency (AE), across the experimental temperatures. Four general conclusions can be drawn from published data. Firstly, thermal preference and thermal tolerance differ among lizards differing in distribution, temporal activity pattern and habitat use. Lizards in thermally more variable regions are better able to tolerate low and high temperatures. Diurnal lizards generally select higher body temperatures than nocturnal lizards, and lizards using habitats with direct sun exposure generally selected higher body temperatures and are better able to tolerate high temperatures. Secondly, CTMax is positively correlated with Tsel. Lizards more likely exposed to extremely high temperatures while active select higher body temperatures than those using shaded habitats. Thirdly, the effects of body temperature on food intake, food passage time, ADC and AE differ among lizards, but it seems to be common among lizards that ADC and AE are less thermally sensitive than food intake and food passage time. Lastly, ADC is dependent on the type of food ingested, with insectivorous lizards digesting food more efficiently than herbivorous lizards.

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Jeremiah, S. C., I. L. Ndyetabula, G. S. Mkamilo, S. Haji, M. M. Muhanna, C. Chuwa, S. Kasele, H. Bouwmeester, J. N. Ijumba und J. P. Legg. „The Dynamics and Environmental Influence on Interactions Between Cassava Brown Streak Disease and the Whitefly, Bemisia tabaci“. Phytopathology® 105, Nr. 5 (Mai 2015): 646–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto-05-14-0146-r.

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Cassava brown streak disease (CBSD) is currently the most significant virus disease phenomenon affecting African agriculture. In this study, we report results from the most extensive set of field data so far presented for CBSD in Africa. From assessments of 515 farmers’ plantings of cassava, incidence in the Coastal Zone of Tanzania (46.5% of plants; 87% of fields affected) was higher than in the Lake Zone (22%; 34%), but incidences for both zones were greater than previous published records. The whitefly vector, Bemisia tabaci, was more abundant in the Lake Zone than the Coastal Zone, the reverse of the situation reported previously, and increased B. tabaci abundance is driving CBSD spread in the Lake Zone. The altitudinal “ceiling” previously thought to restrict the occurrence of CBSD to regions <1,000 masl has been broken as a consequence of the greatly increased abundance of B. tabaci in mid-altitude areas. Among environmental variables analyzed, minimum temperature was the strongest determinant of CBSD incidence. B. tabaci in the Coastal and Lake Zones responded differently to environmental variables examined, highlighting the biological differences between B. tabaci genotypes occurring in these regions and the superior adaptation of B. tabaci in the Great Lakes region both to cassava and low temperature conditions. Regression analyses using multi-country data sets could be used to determine the potential environmental limits of CBSD. Approaches such as this offer potential for use in the development of predictive models for CBSD, which could strengthen country- and continent-level CBSD pandemic mitigation strategies.

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Dahl, Daniel, und Karin Helmersson Bergmark. „Problematic internet use: A scoping review – longitudinal research on a contemporary social problem, 2006–2017“. Nordic Studies on Alcohol and Drugs 37, Nr. 6 (22.09.2020): 497–525. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1455072520941997.

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Background and aims: Problematic internet use (PIU), and kindred concepts such as internet addiction (IA), make up a growing research field, partly due to the suggested inclusion of internet gaming disorder in a future DSM-6 as well as the fact that gaming disorder is on its way to being included in the ICD-11. Conclusions from research are far from unified. This study aims to synthesise the research field of problematic internet use/internet addiction/gaming disorder, with a focus on the reporting of prevalence and change. Methods: Longitudinal studies of PIU/IA formed the basis for a scoping review. Systematic searches of Web of Science, Scopus and Proquest, for peer-reviewed and published articles based on empirical data collected at a minimum of two time points for studies, and with an end point set at 2017, led to the inclusion of 97 studies. Endnote X7 was used to organise the results and NVivo 11 was used for synthesising the results. Results: Analyses focused on prevalence and change. Findings show variation among measures and prevalence as well as in reported outcomes relating to social life and other problems. Most studies reported relations between PIU/IA and other problems in life, but no specific time order could be established. Furthermore, many studies did not present data on prevalence or change even though using a longitudinal survey design. Discussion and conclusions: In summary, the research field is plagued by a lack of consensus and common understanding, regarding both measures, perceptions of the problem, and findings.

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Tarr, RJQ. „Growth and movement of the South African abalone Haliotis midae: A reassessment“. Marine and Freshwater Research 46, Nr. 3 (1995): 583. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf9950583.

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Growth rates of a number of Haliotis midae populations around the South African coast were studied by means of tagging. These populations ranged from the cool waters of the western coast to the more temperate environment of the eastern Cape. Standard von Bertalanffy growth curves were fitted and growth parameters derived. These ranged from 0.19 to 0.25 for K, the average rate at which L∞ is approached, and from 156 to 173 for L∞, the average theoretical maximum length. These indicate far higher growth rates than were previously published for this commercially fished species, and the reasons for this difference are discussed. The expectation that growth rates would be fastest in the warmer eastern Cape waters was not realized, there being no significant difference in growth between the Bird Island population on the eastern coast and the Robben Island population on the western coast. These new growth parameters indicate that H. midae in the commercial fishery grounds is attaining sexual maturity some four years earlier, and the minimum legal size some five years earlier, than previously considered. This has considerable significance for modelling studies presently underway. Movement of a small population of adult H. midae was studied over a three-year period, after which 47% of the original abalone were still present on the study site. Of these, 81.5% still occupied exactly the same position on the rocks. This indicates that H. midae that have located an optimum habitat, and that are not disturbed, tend not to move.

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Rodriguez-Morales, Alfonso J., Andrés F. Gil-Restrepo, Valeria Ramírez-Jaramillo, Cindy P. Montoya-Arias, Wilmer F. Acevedo-Mendoza, Juan E. Bedoya-Arias, Laura A. Chica-Quintero et al. „Post-chikungunya chronic inflammatory rheumatism: results from a retrospective follow-up study of 283 adult and child cases in La Virginia, Risaralda, Colombia“. F1000Research 5 (16.03.2016): 360. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.8235.1.

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Objective: There are limited studies in Latin America regarding the chronic consequences of the Chikungunya virus (CHIK), such as post-CHIK chronic inflammatory rheumatism (pCHIK-CIR). We assessed the largest cohort so far of pCHIK-CIR in Latin America, at the municipality of La Virginia, Risaralda, a new endemic area of CHIK in Colombia.Methods: We conducted a cohort retrospective study in Colombia of 283 patients diagnosed with CHIK that persisted with pCHIK-CIR after a minimum of 6 weeks and up to a maximum of 26.1 weeks. pCHIK cases were identified according to validated criteria via telephone.Results: Of the total CHIK-infected subjects, 152 (53.7%) reported persistent rheumatological symptoms (pCHIK-CIR). All of these patients reported joint pains (chronic polyarthralgia, pCHIK-CPA), 49.5% morning stiffness, 40.6% joint edema, and 16.6% joint redness. Of all patients, 19.4% required and attended for care prior to the current study assessment (1.4% consulting rheumatologists). Significant differences in the frequency were observed according to age groups and gender. Patients aged >40 years old required more medical attention (39.5%) than those ≤40 years-old (12.1%) (RR=4.748, 95%CI 2.550-8.840).Conclusions: According to our results, at least half of the patients with CHIK developed chronic rheumatologic sequelae, and from those with pCHIK-CPA, nearly half presented clinical symptoms consistent with inflammatory forms of the disease. These results support previous estimates obtained from pooled data of studies in La Reunion (France) and India and are consistent with the results published previously from other Colombian cohorts in Venadillo (Tolima) and Since (Sucre).

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Rodriguez-Morales, Alfonso J., Andrés F. Gil-Restrepo, Valeria Ramírez-Jaramillo, Cindy P. Montoya-Arias, Wilmer F. Acevedo-Mendoza, Juan E. Bedoya-Arias, Laura A. Chica-Quintero et al. „Post-chikungunya chronic inflammatory rheumatism: results from a retrospective follow-up study of 283 adult and child cases in La Virginia, Risaralda, Colombia“. F1000Research 5 (04.04.2016): 360. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.8235.2.

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Objective: There are limited studies in Latin America regarding the chronic consequences of the Chikungunya virus (CHIK), such as post-CHIK chronic inflammatory rheumatism (pCHIK-CIR). We assessed the largest cohort so far of pCHIK-CIR in Latin America, at the municipality of La Virginia, Risaralda, a new endemic area of CHIK in Colombia.Methods: We conducted a cohort retrospective study in Colombia of 283 patients diagnosed with CHIK that persisted with pCHIK-CIR after a minimum of 6 weeks and up to a maximum of 26.1 weeks. pCHIK cases were identified according to validated criteria via telephone.Results: Of the total CHIK-infected subjects, 152 (53.7%) reported persistent rheumatological symptoms (pCHIK-CIR). All of these patients reported joint pains (chronic polyarthralgia, pCHIK-CPA), 49.5% morning stiffness, 40.6% joint edema, and 16.6% joint redness. Of all patients, 19.4% required and attended for care prior to the current study assessment (1.4% consulting rheumatologists). Significant differences in the frequency were observed according to age groups and gender. Patients aged >40 years old required more medical attention (39.5%) than those ≤40 years-old (12.1%) (RR=4.748, 95%CI 2.550-8.840).Conclusions: According to our results, at least half of the patients with CHIK developed chronic rheumatologic sequelae, and from those with pCHIK-CPA, nearly half presented clinical symptoms consistent with inflammatory forms of the disease. These results support previous estimates obtained from pooled data of studies in La Reunion (France) and India and are consistent with the results published previously from other Colombian cohorts in Venadillo (Tolima) and Since (Sucre).

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Baynes, A., und RF Baird. „The original mammal fauna and some information on the original bird fauna of Uluru National Park, Northern Territory.“ Rangeland Journal 14, Nr. 2 (1992): 92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rj9920092.

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Investigation of mammal bones, accumulated mainly by owls, from four cave deposits, combined with observations and museum records, has revealed an original (i.e. immediately pre-European) fauna for Uluru National Park (UNP) of 34 species of native ground mammals and 12 species of bats. This fauna comprises one monotreme, 22 marsupials from eight families, 12 microchiropterans from four families, 10 murid rodents and the dingo. For six of the species the UNP records represent an extension of range over published distribution maps, though originally all the ground mammals were probably widespread in the arid zone. A recent survey found that the present fauna of UNP includes 15 native ground mammals and a minimum of seven bats, indicating a loss in about the last century of up to 19 species of ground mammals and at least one bat. The local status of three of these is uncertain, 10 appear to be locally extinct, two are extinct throughout the Australian mainland and five are probably totally extinct. As elsewhere in the arid zone, the mammals that survive are the largest and smallest species and the echidna. The cave deposit sites yielded two orders of magnitude fewer bird remains, some of which could not be identified below family or genus. The material includes at least 16 species representing 13 families. All identified species were recorded in the present fauna of UNP by the recent survey. This relatively small sample suggests that in non-pastoral areas of the arid zone, bird faunas, unlike mammals, have so far survived European colonisation of Australia without loss of diversity.

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