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1
Short, Roger V. „Colin Russell Austin 1914–2004“. Historical Records of Australian Science 25, Nr. 2 (2014): 264. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/hr14024.
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Colin Russell Austin, English by birth, initially graduated in Veterinary Science from the University of Sydney in 1936. The Second World War limited his career options, but he was fortunate to be employed by the CSIR Division of Animal Health in Sydney. In 1954 he was invited to join the staff of the Medical Research Council's laboratory in Mill Hill, London to study fertilization and early embryonic development in rats and rabbits. As a result, in 1962 he was asked to teach Fertilization and Gamete Physiology at the Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, Massachusetts, and subsequently became Professor of Embryology in the Medical School at Tulane University, New Orleans. This alerted the University of Cambridge to his potential and they created a special Charles Darwin Chair for him in 1967. This enabled him to support the work of his young student Robert Edwards on human in vitro fertilization and embryonic development that culminated in the award of the Nobel Prize to Edwards and Patrick Steptoe in 2010. Austin also devoted a great deal of his time to editing the 13-volume Cambridge University Press series of textbooks, Reproduction in Mammals, completing the series from his retirement home in Buderim, Queensland in 1986.
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HARRIS, JOHN. „The Chimes of Freedom: Bob Dylan, Epigrammatic Validity, and Alternative Facts“. Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 27, Nr. 1 (16.11.2017): 14–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0963180117000317.
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Abstract:This essay brings together work I have done over the past 10 years: on the nature of ethics, on the purpose of ethics, and on its foundations in a way that, I hope, as E.M. Forster put it, connects “the prose and the passion.” I deploy lessons learned in this process to identify and face what I believe to be crucial challenges to science and to freedom (as defended by, among others, Cicero, Pete Seeger, Bob Dylan, Thomas Hobbes, John Stuart Mill, and Bertrand Russell). Finally I consider threats to freedom of a different sort, posed by the creation and dissemination of “alternative facts” and by what is sometimes called “super” or “full” artificial intelligence (AI).
3
Ryan, Alan. „Mill's Essay On Liberty“. Royal Institute of Philosophy Lecture Series 20 (März 1986): 171–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1358246100004112.
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John Stuart Mill is—surprisingly—a difficult writer. He writes clearly, non-technically, and in a very plain prose which Bertrand Russell once described as a model for philosophers. It is never hard to see what the general drift of the argument is, and never hard to see which side he is on. He is, none the less, a difficult writer because his clarity hides complicated arguments and assumptions which often take a good deal of unpicking. And when we have done that unpicking, the task of analysing the merits and deficiencies of the arguments is still only half completed. This is true of all his work and particularly true of Liberty. It is an essay whose clarity and energy have made it the most popular of all Mill's work. Yet it conceals philosophical, sociological and historical assumptions of a very debatable kind. In his introduction, Mill saysthe object of this essay is to defend one very simple principle, as entitled to govern absolutely the dealings of society with the individual in the way of compulsion and control, whether the means used be legal penalties, or the moral coercion of public opinion (Liberty, 68).
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Ryan, Alan. „Mill's Essay On Liberty“. Royal Institute of Philosophy Lecture Series 20 (März 1986): 171–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0957042x00004119.
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John Stuart Mill is—surprisingly—a difficult writer. He writes clearly, non-technically, and in a very plain prose which Bertrand Russell once described as a model for philosophers. It is never hard to see what the general drift of the argument is, and never hard to see which side he is on. He is, none the less, a difficult writer because his clarity hides complicated arguments and assumptions which often take a good deal of unpicking. And when we have done that unpicking, the task of analysing the merits and deficiencies of the arguments is still only half completed. This is true of all his work and particularly true of Liberty. It is an essay whose clarity and energy have made it the most popular of all Mill's work. Yet it conceals philosophical, sociological and historical assumptions of a very debatable kind. In his introduction, Mill saysthe object of this essay is to defend one very simple principle, as entitled to govern absolutely the dealings of society with the individual in the way of compulsion and control, whether the means used be legal penalties, or the moral coercion of public opinion (Liberty, 68).
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Aristimuño, Francisco, und Ricardo Crespo. „The Early Enlightenment roots of Keynes’ probability concept“. Cambridge Journal of Economics 45, Nr. 5 (19.05.2021): 919–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cje/beab004.
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Abstract In the brief preface to A Treatise on Probability, Keynes states, ‘It may be perceived that I have been greatly influenced by W. E. Johnson, G. E. Moore and Bertrand Russell, that is, by Cambridge, which, with great debts to the writers of Continental Europe, yet continues in direct succession the English tradition of Locke, Berkeley and Hume, of Mill and Sidgwick’ (J. M. Keynes, 1921, p. v). The authors who have recently stressed the relevance of Keynes ideas on probability have paid special attention to the influence of the former, but not to that of the latter. This article intends to show that the Treatise on Probability is deeply rooted in the history of probabilistic thinking, particularly in the Early Enlightenment (roughly between 1650 and 1750), before mathematicians claimed ownership over the subject. We find that important aspects of Keynes’ notions were already present in Locke and other Early Enlightenment writers, albeit with some note-worthy differences.
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Millican, Peter. „Hume's Determinism“. Canadian Journal of Philosophy 40, Nr. 4 (Dezember 2010): 611–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00455091.2010.10716737.
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David Hume has traditionally been assumed to be a soft determinist or compatibilist, at least in the ‘reconciling project’ that he presents in Section 8 of the first Enquiry, entitled ‘Of liberty and necessity.’ Indeed, in encyclopedias and textbooks of Philosophy he is standardly taken to be one of the paradigm compatibilists, rivalled in significance only by Hobbes within the tradition passed down through Locke, Mill, Schlick and Ayer to recent writers such as Dennett and Frankfurt. Many Hume scholars also concur in viewing him as a determinist, for example (in date order) Norman Kemp Smith, Barry Stroud, A. J. Ayer, Paul Russell Don Garrett, Terence Penelhum, George Botterill, John Bricke, and John Wright. My main purpose in this paper will be to provide the evidence to substantiate this traditional interpretation, which has hitherto been widely assumed rather than defended. In the absence of such a defence, the consensus has been left open to challenge, most notably in a recent paper and a subsequent book by James Harris, who boldly claims that Hume ‘does not subscribe to determinism of any kind, whether Hobbesian or merely nomological.’
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Montri, Adam, William J. Lamont und Michael D. Orzolek. „(413) Evaluating Tomato Production during the First Year of Organic Transitioning in High Tunnels“. HortScience 40, Nr. 4 (Juli 2005): 1071B—1071. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.40.4.1071b.
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High tunnels offer growers in temperate regions the ability to extend the production season. Past research has shown that these low-input structures also reduce disease and pest pressure. These characteristics make high tunnels extremely attractive to organic growers. Tomatoes (Lycopersiconesculentum Mill.) are the crop most often produced in high tunnels in Pennsylvania and many producers are interested in combining both high tunnel and organic production methods. Growers may be hesitant to transition to organic production due to conceptions concerning reduced yields specifically during the 3-year transition period to USDA certified organic status. A field trial investigating tomato production in high tunnels during the first year of organic transitioning was conducted in 2004 at The Penn State Center for Plasticulture, Russell E. Larson Agricultural Research Center, Rock Springs, Pa. The objective of this research was to evaluate yield of the four cultivars Big Beef, Mountain Fresh, Plum Crimson, and Pink Beauty in an organic system relative to a scheduled fertilization/irrigation regime and a fertilization/irrigation regime employed using T-Systems International's Integrated Agronomic Technology. Data collected included total weight, total fruit number, weight by grade, fruit number by grade, total marketable yield, and fertilizer and water usage. Yield across cultivars ranged from 4.96 kg/plant to 6.83 kg/plant. `Pink Beauty' exhibited the lowest yields in both treatments, while `Plum Crimson' and `Mountain Fresh' exhibited the highest yields in the IAT and scheduled treatments, respectively. This experiment will be repeated in 2005 to further evaluate the performance of these cultivars.
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Martell, Jessica. „Food Sovereignty, the Irish Homestead, and the First World War“. Modernist Cultures 13, Nr. 3 (August 2018): 399–416. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/mod.2018.0219.
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At the outbreak of the First World War, George Russell (Æ) published a series of editorials in the Irish Homestead calling for Ireland to secure food reserves against the demands he predicted Britain would make upon Irish agricultural sectors to fuel the war effort. Irish agriculture, Russell writes, is part of a peculiar market shaped by empire: ‘Ireland is a food producing nation’; and yet ‘a machinery of export […] automatically deducts’ Irish cattle, pork, butter, milk, poultry, and eggs, ‘week by week’, while ‘week by week’ bacon, meat, flour, and other goods are imported. The machinery of war, it is implied, could easily disrupt these trade channels and trigger a scarcity crisis. Such an event would not be caused by an actual food shortage but by the unpredictable pressures of wartime markets, in which what Russell calls ‘famine prices’ would deplete food reserves. By analyzing Russell's strategic deployment of the language of colonial economics, this article argues that Russell recirculates the cultural memory of Ireland's Great Famine within Revivalist discourse in order to protest the conscription of Ireland's food reserves, rallying support for co-operatives as a matter of national defense. Co-operation dispels perceptions of Ireland as a quaint backwater of sleepy farms and reveals a competing vision of rural modernity that contrasts sharply with the terrifying military technologies and sense of a traumatic break with the past that typically anchor understandings of modernity in the era. For Russell, securing food sovereignty through self-sufficient, decentralized cooperatives could secure political sovereignty for the modern Irish nation, providing a blueprint for a new social order as geopolitical categories were re-constellated by global conflict.
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Filipenko, Anton. „Economic world: logic“. Ekonomìčna teorìâ 2021, Nr. 4 (21.12.2021): 95–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/etet2021.04.095.
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The article examines logical aspects of the economic universe through the lens of its key elements – resources, institutions and interconnections between them. It is emphasized that starting from the New Times one of the main issuesof economic science has been the study of logic, the historical tendency of movement of two key factors (resources): capital and labour. At this stage logical preconditions of the analysis of natural, financial, technological resources acquire considerable significance. The logic of capital and labour is investigated in the context of economic heritage of A. Smith, K. Marx, R. Luxemburg, representatives of the Cambridge school, modern authors (T. Piketty). Starting from ХІХ century, the correlation between capital value and labour value in the national income has been considered the main integral indicator reflecting the state and logic of labour. The logic of natural resources is most fully exemplified by the concept of sustainable economic development, which reflects the content and types of interrelations between the society and the natural environment both at present and in future. At the same time access, distribution and use of resources should take place on the basis of the expenditures-income principle and continue for each generation in a logical and fair way. The logic of technological resources is revealed primarily through the lens of industrial revolutions. Logical dimensions of financial resources have been represented in the works of J.S. Mill, J. Schumpeter and Ch. Kindleberger. Ch. Darwin’s theory of evolution is the basis of institutional logic. Traditions, customs, their evolution, influence on an individual’s behaviour and the philosophy of American pragmatism were the foundation of logic of Veblen’s institutionalism. The logic of relations between resources and institutions is based on the works of B. Russell, A. Whitehead and R. Carnap. Interactionof resources and institutions has been researched in the light of using resources by different generations of human communities and was called ‘the logic of the play between generations’.
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Cancelliere, Andy E., und Melanie A. Mascarenhas. „A-116 Neuropsychological Support for Use of Russell Posttraumatic Amnesia Classification of Traumatic Brain Injury“. Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 36, Nr. 6 (30.08.2021): 1166. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/arclin/acab062.134.
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Abstract Objective To compare neurocognitive outcomes between 3 traumatic brain injury (TBI) groups (mild, moderate, severe) across 3 TBI classification systems: Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) and Russell (mild <1 hour, moderate <24 hours and severe >24 hours) and the modified (mild <24 hours, moderate < one week and severe > one week) posttraumatic amnesia (PTA) systems. Method Private practice archival data were reviewed for ambulance/hospital documentation of lowest GCS and PTA duration. Exclusion criteria included ESL and failed tests of engagement. Tests included WAIS, WMS, WRAT, Halstead Reitan etc. Results There were 91 patients (16 mild, 30 moderate and 45 severe); 45 were male. Mean age and education was 30.9 and 12.6. Russell PTA classification yielded significant differences (t-tests) between mild and moderate TBI on 8 of 46 tests/measures and 13 differences in moderate versus severe and 24 differences in mild versus severe TBI. Differences were always severe > moderate > mild impairment, with most in psychomotor speed, memory, working memory and executive/frontal functions consistent with TBI. The modified PTA classification yielded 2 significant differences between mild and moderate, 6 differences between moderate and severe and 22 differences between mild and severe TBI. GCS yielded 0 differences between mild and moderate, 7 differences between moderate and severe and 14 differences between mild and severe TBI. The modified PTA and GCS reduced moderate TBI numbers and some differences were opposite expectations. Conclusions Russell PTA was superior to the modified PTA system and GCS in separation/discrimination (without reversals) and maintenance of moderate TBI as a substantive category.
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Wittreich, Joseph. „Milton's Messiah: The Son of God in the Works of John Milton by Russell M. Hillier. Oxford and New York: Oxford UP, 2011.“ Milton Quarterly 46, Nr. 3 (Oktober 2012): 185–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/milt.12004.
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Merritt, J. B., F. J. Manson, W. B. Russell und D. Y. Downham. „The Effect of Lameness on Milk Production in Friesian-Holstein Cows“. Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Production (1972) 1992 (März 1992): 121. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0308229600022327.
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In a recent study carried out over three years, on a commercial Cheshire dairy herd, 86% of animals were found to be lame at some time. This level of disease is considerably higher than has been reported, (Rowlands, Russell and Williams, 1983; Dohoo, Martin, Meek and Sandals, 1983) and may have important economic implications.Lameness has been associated with reduced 305 day yields (Rowlands and Lucey, 1986), lower than average lifetime yield (Cobo Abreu, Martin, Wiiloughby and Stone, 1979), lower yields in early lactation (Enevoldson and Grohn, 1991), and a reduction in percentage milk protein (Bigras-Poulin, Meek and Martin, 1990).
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Priyankara, Sumudu, Vishmi Rathnasiri, Thanigasalan Mihiran, Gayani Premawansa, Geoffrey K. Isbister und Anjana Silva. „Mild venom-induced consumption coagulopathy associated with thrombotic microangiopathy following a juvenile Russell's viper (Daboia russelii) envenoming: A case report“. Toxicon 212 (Juni 2022): 8–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.toxicon.2022.03.014.
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Kennedy, J. T., P. M. Paddle, B. J. Cook, P. Chapman und T. A. Iseli. „Voice outcomes following transoral laser microsurgery for early glottic squamous cell carcinoma“. Journal of Laryngology & Otology 121, Nr. 12 (20.04.2007): 1184–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022215107007554.
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AbstractIntroduction:Early glottic cancer may be treated with primary radiotherapy or transoral laser microsurgery with comparable survival. The choice of therapy therefore depends on patient preference after discussion of risks, benefits and alternatives.Materials and methods:All previously untreated patients undergoing transoral laser microsurgery for T1 or T2 glottic cancer at St Vincent's Hospital between July 1997 and December 2004 had their staging and demographics recorded. Surgery was categorised according to the European Laryngological Society. A voice recording was made pre-operatively then at 12 weeks post-operatively and scored by two independent speech therapists on the Oates Russell Voice Profile – a scale of zero (normal) to five (severe dysphonia). Follow up was for a minimum of two years.Results and analysis:Fifty-three patients with a mean age of 56 were included. The observed survival was T1 89.4 per cent and T2 85.3 per cent after a mean follow up of 47 months. Nineteen patients staged T1 underwent cordectomy. A second procedure was required in 22.2 per cent, however, none required a laryngectomy. Thirty-four patients staged T2 underwent hemilaryngectomy. A second procedure was required in 41.2 per cent including 8.8 per cent requiring salvage laryngectomy. One patient died with unresectable nodal disease. The mean Oates Russell Voice Profile for T1 disease was 2.37 and for T2 2.68 (range 1 to 4) indicating a mild (2) to moderate (3) degree of voice impairment.Conclusions:Survival outcomes following transoral laser microsurgery are comparable to treatment with radiotherapy. Voice impairment is usually mild to moderate following transoral laser microsurgery for early glottic cancer but overall may be greater than in radiotherapy patients. The repeatability of transoral laser microsurgery may result in a lower laryngectomy rate compared with published series using radiotherapy.
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Hübner, Christian Thomas, Robert Meyer, Asmaa Kenawy, Laima Ambrozaityte, Ausra Matuleviciene, Florian Kraft, Matthias Begemann, Miriam Elbracht und Thomas Eggermann. „HMGA2 Variants in Silver-Russell Syndrome: Homozygous and Heterozygous Occurrence“. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism 105, Nr. 7 (18.05.2020): 2401–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/clinem/dgaa273.
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Abstract Context Silver-Russell syndrome (SRS) is a clinical and molecular heterogeneous disorder associated with short stature, typical facial gestalt, and body asymmetry. Though molecular causes of SRS can be identified in a significant number of patients, about one-half of patients currently remain without a molecular diagnosis. However, determination of the molecular cause is required for a targeted treatment and genetic counselling. Objective The aim of this study was to corroborate the role of HMGA2 as an SRS-causing gene and reevaluate its mode of inheritance. Design, Setting, Patients Patients were part of an ongoing study aiming on SRS-causing genes. They were classified according to the Netchine-Harbison clinical scoring system, and DNA samples were investigated by whole exome sequencing. Common molecular causes of SRS were excluded before. Results Three novel pathogenic HMGA2 variants were identified in 5 patients from 3 SRS families, and fulfilling diagnostic criteria of SRS. For the first time, homozygosity for a variant in HMGA2 could be identified in a severely affected sibpair, whereas parents carrying heterozygous variants had a mild phenotype. Treatment with recombinant growth hormone led to a catch-up growth in 1 patient, whereas all others did not receive growth hormone and stayed small. One patient developed type 2 diabetes at age 30 years. Conclusions Identification of novel pathogenic variants confirms HMGA2 as an SRS-causing gene; thus, HMGA2 testing should be implemented in molecular SRS diagnostic workup. Furthermore, inheritance of HMGA2 is variable depending on the severity of the variant and its consequence for protein function.
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Buenq, Maryam, und Mohamed Aziz Ullah Khan. „Management of Two Years Old Child with Russell-Silver Syndrome - A Case Report“. JOURNAL OF THE BAHRAIN MEDICAL SOCIETY 35, Nr. 2 (2023): 39–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.26715/jbms.35_2_5.
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Russell-Silver syndrome (RSS) is a rare genetic malformation characterized by the growth of a 2-year-old male child with RSS who underwent hip spica surgery under general anesthesia. The patient had a history of mild developmental delay, failure to gain weight, and frequent vomiting. Anesthetic implications of RSS, including airway management, glucose homeostasis, hypothermia, and pharmacological considerations, were considered during the patient's pre-operative assessment and intraoperative management. The patient was induced with propofol and fentanyl, and maintenance anesthesia was achieved with sevoflurane. The patient's airway was safely secured, and extubation was performed smoothly. The anesthetic management proceeded without complications, ensuring a successful outcome. This case report highlights the importance of considering the specific anesthetic implications of RSS in the perioperative management of patients with this rare genetic syndrome.
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HANNULA, K. „Do patients with maternal uniparental disomy for chromosome 7 have a distinct mild Silver-Russell phenotype?“ Journal of Medical Genetics 38, Nr. 4 (01.04.2001): 273–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jmg.38.4.273.
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Maranhão-Filho, Péricles, Maurice Borges Vincent und Marcos Martins da Silva. „Neurological examination: pioneering authors and their books“. Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria 73, Nr. 2 (Februar 2015): 140–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0004-282x20140215.
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The objective of this article is to highlight some of the most important pioneering books specifically focused on the neurological examination and their authors. During the XIX Century, Alexander Hammond, William Gowers and Charles Mills pioneered the neurological literature, followed in the XX Century by Aloysio de Castro, Monrad-Krohn, Derek Denny-Brown, Robert Wartenberg, Gordon Holmes, and Russel DeJong. With determination and a marked sense of observation and research, they competently developed and spread the technique and art of the neurological exam.
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Csébi, Péter, Csaba Jakab, Katalin Jánosi, Boglárka Sellyei, Tamás Ipolyi, Zoltán Szabó, Attila Arany-Tóth und Tibor Németh. „Vertebral osteomyelitis and meningomyelitis caused by Pasteurella canis in a dog — Clinicopathological case report“. Acta Veterinaria Hungarica 58, Nr. 4 (01.12.2010): 413–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/avet.58.2010.4.2.
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A clinicopathological case study of vertebral osteomyelitis caused byPasteurella canisin a 2.5-year-old male Jack Russell Terrier is presented. The case was characterised by a chronic course with signs of spinal pain and acute paraplegia. The diagnosis was established by radiography, myelography, post-myelographic CT examination, and laboratory tests including routine blood work and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cytology, and confirmed by postmortem pathological and microbiological examinations. Diagnostic imaging showed severe osteolysis, ventral spondylosis and spinal cord compression at the 4th and 5th lumbar vertebrae. The blood tests revealed mild leukocytosis and anaemia, while CSF cytology showed lymphocytic and mononuclear pleocytosis. Necropsy demonstrated severe osteomyelitis and meningomyelitis, but the source of infection could not be established. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first description of canine vertebral osteomyelitis caused by this organism.
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Siti Muthi’atun Naila und Pitu Wulandari. „COMPARISON OF PERIODONTAL STATUS AMONG MILD, MODERATE AND HEAVY SMOKERS IN FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA“. Dentika Dental Journal 20, Nr. 2 (01.12.2017): 57–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.32734/dentika.v20i2.996.
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Smoking is associated with a wide spectrum of disease including systemic diseases such as cancer, lung,and cardiovascular disease. Smoking is one of the risk factors that cause the severity of periodontal disease which is influenced by the number of cigarettes consumed per day. This study was aimed to analyze the comparison among periodontal status in mild, moderate, and heavy smokers in the Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Sumatera Utara. This study was an observational analytic study with the cross-sectional approach,and sampling was done by purposive sampling method. This study was held in PeriodonticsInstallation, USU Dental Hospital (RSGM USU) with a total number of 80 sampleswas selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. A questionnaire and informed consent form were distributed to the samples at the beginning of the study followed by oral examination such as Periodontal Index Russell. The analysis data was performed by one way ANOVA test to show the differences in periodontal status among mild, moderate, and heavy smokers. The results showed that there was a significant difference among the mean of periodontal index scores in mild, moderate, and heavy smokers (p<0,05). As a conclusion,the more cigarettes consumed the worse of periodontal status.
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Ibarra-Santana, Claudia, Ma del Socorro Ruiz-Rodríguez, Ma del Pilar Fonseca-Leal, Francisco Javier Gutiérrez-Cantú und Amaury de Pozos-Guillén. „Enamel Hypoplasia in Children with Renal Disease in a Fluoridated Area“. Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry 31, Nr. 4 (01.07.2007): 274–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.17796/jcpd.31.4.m97777625k278261.
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The aim of this study was to compare the frequency of enamel hypoplasia in children with renal disease and healthy children, all of whom live in a fluoridated area. A cross-sectional study was made in 42 children divided into 2 groups. To describe enamel changes, 3 diagnostic criteria were applied: TSIF Index to describe dental fluorosis, Jackson-Al-Alousi Index to describe enamel hypoplasia, and Russell criteria to differentiate mild forms of dental fluorosis and enamel hypoplasia. The frequency of enamel hypoplasia in patients with renal disease was 38.09%. This frequency is smaller than that seen in other studies. There was no difference in the frequency of dental fluorosis between patients with renal disease and patients without renal disease. However, the patients with renal disease presented more severe dental fluorosis than children without renal disease.
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Hower, Arthur A., und Sandr Alexander. „Field Corn, Corn Rootworm Larval Control, 1991“. Insecticide and Acaricide Tests 17, Nr. 1 (01.01.1992): 195. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/iat/17.1.195.
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Abstract Two insecticide evaluation studies were conducted for control of mixed populations of northern and western corn rootworms. Both experiments were conducted on separate fields approximately 1 mile apart at the Russell E. Larson Agricultural Research Centre at Rock Springs, Centre County, PA. Corn was planted no-till on 10 May (experiment 1) and 15 May (experiment 2) using a 2-row John Deere Max Emerge planter with 30-inch row spacing. Insecticides were applied to 5 × 40 ft plots in a randomized complete block design with 5 replications per treatment. Plants were counted on 10 and 11 Jun (experiment 1) and 7 and 10 Jun (experiment 2). Root damage ratings were evaluated 18 Jul (experiment 1) and 16 Jun (experiment 2) using the Iowa 1 to 6 system. Yield was determined by mechanically harvesting each plot for shelled corn on 23 Oct. Percent moisture of corn was determined for each plot with a moisture meter and adjusted to 15.5%.
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Hower, Arthur A., und Sandra Alexander. „Field Corn, Corn Rootworm Larval Control, 1992“. Insecticide and Acaricide Tests 18, Nr. 1 (01.01.1993): 200–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/iat/18.1.200.
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Abstract Two insecticide evaluation studies were conducted for control of mixed populations of northern and western corn rootworms. Both experiments were conducted on separate fields approximately 1 mile apart at the Russell E. Larson Agricultural Research Centre at Rock Springs, Centre County, PA. Corn was planted no-till on 14 May (in both experiments) using a John Deere Max-Emerge 2 row planter with 30-inch row spacing. Insecticides were applied to 5 x 40 ft plots in a randomized complete block design with 5 replication per treatment. Plants were counted on 9 Jun (Experiment 1) and 10 Jun (Experiment 2). Root damage ratings were evaluated 3 Aug (Experiment 1) and 5 Aug (Experiment 2) using the Iowa 1 to 6 system. Yield was determined by mechanically harvesting each plot for shelled corn on 17 Nov (Experiment 2). Percent moisture was determined for each plot with a moisture meter and adjusted to 15.5%.
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Winseck, Dwayne. „Canadian Newspaper Ownership in the Era of Convergence“. Canadian Journal of Political Science 39, Nr. 3 (September 2006): 703–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008423906309973.
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Canadian Newspaper Ownership in the Era of Convergence, Walter C. Soderlund and Kai Hildebrandt, Edmonton, Alberta: University of Alberta, 2005, pp. 194.This timely book contributes to ongoing debates in Canada about media ownership. The opening chapters summarize government responses to concentrated media ownership since the 1970s and survey some academic studies on the issue. The study's carefully compiled data on the influence of changes in ownership on content poses a strong challenge to those who see media moguls as using the media to pursue their own ideological and corporate agendas. Journalistic values, organizational realities and the relentless challenge of new technologies severely constrain such action, claim Soderlund, Hildebrandt and two others who contribute to this volume, Ron Wagenberg and Walt Romanow. Perhaps the best chapters in the book are those dealing with the creation by CanWest, one of Canada's largest media organizations, of its ill-fated National Editorial Policy and the dismissal of Ottawa Citizen publisher Russell Mills.
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Hart, G. R., C. Proby, G. Dedhia, T. H. Yeo, G. F. Joplin und J. M. Burrin. „Burmese Russell's viper venom causes hormone release from rat pituitary cells in vitro“. Journal of Endocrinology 122, Nr. 2 (August 1989): 489–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/joe.0.1220489.
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ABSTRACT Acute and chronic hypopituitarism is associated with severe envenoming by the Burmese Russell's viper. We have demonstrated that in vitro, Burmese Russell's viper venom (0·1–10 μg/ml) causes a dose-dependent release of GH, TSH and ACTH from dispersed rat anterior pituitary cells in culture. At 10 μg/ml, venom causes a significant increase in the release of GH (344%, P<0·001), TSH (168%, P<0·005) and ACTH (>700%, P<0·001). We have also shown that the component (or components) responsible for this stimulatory effect is stable to heat (60 °C, 1 h) and mild trypsinization. Repeated addition of venom (1 μg/ml) to pituitary cells in a perifusion column system demonstrated attenuation of GH release. This reduced response was not due to depletion of the GH pool since the pituitary cells were subsequently able to respond to both GH-releasing factor (GRF) stimulation and KCl depolarization. Somatostatin in a dose which abolished GRF-stimulated GH release failed to affect venom-stimulated GH release, implying that venom acts in a cyclic AMP-independent manner. We conclude that Burmese Russell's viper venom has direct effects on pituitary hormone release in vitro. Whether these effects contribute to its known actions in vivo on the function of the pituitary remains to be established. Journal of Endocrinology (1989) 122, 489–494
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Russel, A. J. F., und J. E. Adkins. „Production and composition of milk from suckled feral, dairy and crossbred coats“. Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Production (1972) 1990 (März 1990): 71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0308229600018523.
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The developing UK cashmere goat industry utilises a variety of goat breeds and crosses as base stock in breed improvement programmes. Native feral goats contribute small but significant quantities of very high quality fibre and the attribute of hardiness. Stock from overseas are imported to increase the weight of cashmere produced. Some dairy goats are used for their higher prolificacy and because their superior ability to rear kids is important in the production of goat meat which is a secondary but nonetheless important source of income in cashmere production enterprises.Early growth rates of feral kids have been shown to be low in relation to those of dairy breed and crossbred kids when reared by their natural mothers (Russel, Lippert, Ryder and Grant, 1986) but it is not known whether this is a result of a low potential growth rate or a limitation in the production or composition of their dams’ milk.Little is known of the milk production characteristics of feral goats or even of dairy goats kept under suckling as opposed to milking regimes. This paper describes the milk production characteristics of suckled feral, dairy and feral x dairy goats and the effects of these characteristics on early kid growth rate.
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Leach, Natalia T., Ilse Chudoba, Tasheena V. Stewart, Lewis B. Holmes und Stanislawa Weremowicz. „Maternally inherited duplication of chromosome 7, dup(7)(p11.2p12), associated with mild cognitive deficit without features of Silver–Russell syndrome“. American Journal of Medical Genetics Part A 143A, Nr. 13 (2007): 1489–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajmg.a.31794.
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Thomas-Wilson, Amanda, Nina Harkavy, Corbin Schwanke, Jonathan Schoof, Sowmya Thirumalai Srinivasa, Saurav Guha, Atteeq Rehman et al. „P775: Maternally inherited 11p15 duplication involving only part of the ICR1 H19/IGF2 domain: Unraveling mild Russell-Silver syndrome phenotype“. Genetics in Medicine Open 2 (2024): 101683. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gimo.2024.101683.
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Hoekstra, Hanneke. „Vocation as tragedy: Love and knowledge in the lives of the Mills, the Webers, and the Russells“. Endeavour 48, Nr. 1 (März 2024): 100918. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.endeavour.2024.100918.
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Mikhailova, Irina G., Aleksandr V. Moskovskiy, Yuriy N. Urukov, Antonina V. Karpunina, Olesya I. Moskovskaya und Ol'ga I. Spiridonova. „RANDOMIZED STUDY OF INDEX SCORE INDICATORS IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC PERIODONTITIS IN THE CHUVASH REPUBLIC“. Acta medica Eurasica, Nr. 1 (25.03.2021): 33–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.47026/2413-4864-2021-1-33-39.
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The aim of this work was to determine the values of plaque accumulation indices and oral hygiene indices, to conduct a comparative assessment before the start of multimodality therapy in patients with mild and moderate parodontitis and after its completion among the adult population of the Chuvash Republic. The study of index evaluation values of 146 patients aged 33–62 years with a diagnosis "chronic generalized parodontitis of mild and moderate severity" was conducted. The age range was determined by the criteria for dividing the age groups according to WHO data – early adult (25–35 years), middle adult (36–45 years), late adult (46-60 years). The examination was carried out according to standard clinical methods of simplified oral hygiene index OHI-s (according to Green – Vermillion), dental plaque hygiene index (PI) Silness-Loe (1964), evaluation of the state of periodontal tissues PI (by Russel). The authors present the criteria for evaluating the indices before the start of standard treatment and after its completion for all the studied patients and in groups with mild and moderate severity of chronic generalized parodontitis. The authors give as well a comparative analysis of the patients’ index assessment depending on the severity of the disease, the dynamics of the infection resolution in groups with different degrees of of parodontitis severity.
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Mather, F. C. „Georgian Churchmanship Reconsidered: Some Variations in Anglican Public Worship 1714–1830“. Journal of Ecclesiastical History 36, Nr. 2 (April 1985): 255–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022046900038744.
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Current evaluation of the Church of England under the first four Georges follows in the main the assessment made by Norman Sykes in his monumental Church and State in England in the Eighteenth Century, published in 1934. According to that view the Church, which was lastingly cleared of the universal slackness previously imputed to it, exhibited a pervasive Latitudinarianism sympathetically portrayed by Sykes as ‘practical Christianity’, an emphasis on cdnduct and good works to the neglect of ‘organised churchmanship’ and the ‘mystical element’ in religion. R. W. Greaves detected similar features in the concept of ‘moderation’: suspicion of popery and friendship towards dissenters, a cult of plainness in theological explanation and a very general contempt of whatever was medieval. Historians have been willing to acknowledge as exceptions to this ‘mild’ quality of Anglican churchmanship the early Methodists and ‘small Evangelical and High Church minorities’, but only the two former have been taken seriously. Piety of a more traditional kind - rubrical, sacramental, Catholic - has been identified, only to be discounted. The Establishment has been seen in the light of the judgement recently summarised by Dr Anthony Russell: ‘Certainly the temper of the eighteenth century which favoured reason above all else, and was deeply suspicious of mysticism and the emotions, was against any form of sacramentalism.’
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Sun, Yi, Or-Yam Revach, Seth Anderson, Anne Jenney, Caitlin E. Mills, Payal Tiwari, Robert T. Manguso und Russell William Jenkins. „Abstract 3285: Targeting TBK1 to overcome resistance to cancer immunotherapy“. Cancer Research 83, Nr. 7_Supplement (04.04.2023): 3285. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2023-3285.
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Abstract Despite the success of PD-1 blockade in melanoma and other cancers, effective treatment strategies to overcome resistance to cancer immunotherapy are lacking. We identified the innate immune kinase TANK-binding kinase 1 (TBK1) as a candidate immune evasion gene in a pooled genetic screen. Using a suite of genetic and pharmacologic tools across multiple experimental model systems, we confirm a role for TBK1 as an immune evasion gene. Targeting TBK1 enhances response to PD-1 blockade by lowering the cytotoxicity threshold to effector cytokines (TNFα/IFNγ). TBK1 inhibition in combination with PD-1 blockade also demonstrated efficacy using patient-derived tumor models. Cancer cells lacking TBK1 are primed to undergo RIPK- and caspase-dependent cell death in response to TNFα/IFNγ in a JAK/STAT-dependent manner. Taken together, our results demonstrate that targeting TBK1 is a novel and effective strategy to overcome resistance to cancer immunotherapy. Citation Format: Yi Sun, Or-Yam Revach, Seth Anderson, Anne Jenney, Caitlin E. Mills, Payal Tiwari, Robert T. Manguso, Russell William Jenkins. Targeting TBK1 to overcome resistance to cancer immunotherapy [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 3285.
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Ebrahiem, Alaa, Sobhy S. Ibrahim, Ahmed M. El-Khaib und Ahmed S. Doma. „Ethylene-propylene-diene (EPDM) rubber/borax composite: kinetic thermal studies“. AIMS Materials Science 10, Nr. 4 (2023): 556–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/matersci.2023031.
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<abstract> <p>This research studies the effect of borax on the thermal stability and thermal kinetic behavior of ethylene-propylene-diene (EPDM) rubber composites. Using a laboratory two-roll mill at room temperature, carbon-black (N-220) as filler, and other additives such as zinc oxide, stearic acid, and paraffin oil were incorporated into the EPDM rubber matrix. The composite was prepared at different borax concentrations (25 and 50 phr). Thermogravimetric analysis was performed to characterize borax's effect onthermal stability before and after borax addition. Added borax to the host composite rubber (EPDM composite without borax) significantly improved the composite's thermal stability. Borax-loaded composites behave differently at various temperatures. To investigate the kinetic-thermal analysis of the prepared samples, three different models were applied. The activation energy (Ea) and frequency factors (A) for the Horowitz-Metzger, Broido and Coats-Redfern models were calculated. These models were compared and discussed based on their results. First-order decomposition also represented the main decomposition stage. Kraus and Cunnen-Russel models were used to test the interaction between rubber and borax based on previously published swelling results. No interaction was found between rubber and borax.</p> </abstract>
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Zamani, Hassan, Kazem Babazadeh, Saeid Fattahi und Farzad Mokhtari-Esbuie. „Williams-Beuren's Syndrome: A Case Report“. Case Reports in Medicine 2012 (2012): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/585726.
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Williams-Beuren syndrome is a rare familial multisystem disorder occurring in 1 per 20,000 live births. It is characterized by congenital heart defects (CHD), skeletal and renal anomalies, cognitive disorder, social personality disorder and dysmorphic facies. We present a case of Williams syndrome that presented to us with heart murmur and cognitive problem. A 5-year-old girl referred to pediatric cardiologist because of heart murmurs. She had a systolic murmur (2-3/6) in right upper sternal border with radiation to right cervical region. She also had a bulge forehead. Angiography showed mild supra valvular aortic stenosis and mild multiple peripheral pulmonary stenosis. Fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) was performed and the result was: 46.XX, ish del (7q11.2) (ELN X1) (7q22 X2) ELN deletion compatible with Williams syndrome. Peripheral pulmonary artery stenosis is associated with Noonan syndrome, Alagille syndrome, Cutis laxa, Ehler-Danlos syndrome, and Silver-Russel syndrome. The patient had peripheral pulmonary artery stenosis, but no other signs of these syndromes were present, and also she had a supravalvular aortic stenosis which was not seen in other syndromes except Williams syndrome.Conclusion. According to primary symptoms, paraclinical and clinical finding such as dysmorphic facies, cognitive disorder and congenital heart defect, Williams syndrome was the first diagnosis. We suggest a more attention for evaluating heart murmur in childhood period, especially when the patient has abnormal facial features or mental problem.
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Byrne, Peter. „Of course it is (the delusion that's really true)“. British Journal of Psychiatry 197, Nr. 2 (August 2010): 140. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.197.2.140.
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William Burroughs described the paranoid man as one ‘who knows a little of what's going on’. In that rare beast, a mainstream Hollywood film that portrays schizophrenia with humanity and without a murder, A Beautiful Mind (2001), John Nash (Russell Crowe) irritates his wife when he says he heard the garbage truck outside at night. He has been hospitalised with psychosis and in that movie convention much imitated in life, anything he says must be taken as fantasy, unless proven otherwise. But the garbage guys are outside and thus begins a process where she (and the audience) begin to trust and identify with Nash again. This is the exception that proves the rule. When a filmic character with mental illness reports the ‘unfortunate event’ on which the film turns, nobody believes him/her: The Couch Trip (1988), Twelve Monkeys (1995), Independence Day (1996), Conspiracy Theory (1997) and K-Pax (2001) all milk this conceit for its full comic potential. Director Alan J. Pakula's paranoid trilogy Klute (1971), The Parallax View (1974) and All the President's Men (1975) project the angst of the unbelieved onto a battered American audience, reeling from Vietnam and Nixon. A flavour of paranoia excites modern science fiction (Total Recall, 1990 and the Matrix trilogy, 1999–2003), and infuses the contemporary celebrity film, The Truman Show (1998).
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Goswami, Partha Pratim, und Aruna Goswami. „Spectroscopic Study of Ba and CEMP-s Stars: Mass Distribution of AGB Progenitors* †“. Astronomical Journal 165, Nr. 4 (10.03.2023): 154. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/aca971.
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Abstract We have performed detailed high-resolution spectroscopic analysis on seven metal-poor stars (BD+75 348, BD+09 3019, HD238020, HE0319–0215, HE0507–1653, HE0930–0018, HE1023–1504) and derived their atmospheric parameters T eff, log g, [Fe/H], and microturbulent velocity (ξ). The metallicity range is found to be –2.57 < [Fe/H] < –0.42. The elemental abundances of 17 light elements and 12 heavy elements are estimated. We have classified BD+75 348 and BD+09 3019 as strong Ba stars, HD238020 as a mild Ba star, and the remaining four objects as CEMP-s stars. We have estimated the masses of the stars from Hertzsprung–Russel (HR) diagram, and, compiling the data of 205 Ba stars from literature, estimated the mass distribution of Ba stars. We have also estimated the initial masses of the companion AGBs of the program stars as well as the masses of the companion AGBs of 159 Ba and 36 CEMP-s stars from literature, with the help of a parametric-model-based analysis using FRUITY models. While the primary mass distribution of mild Ba stars peaks at 3.7 M ⊙, for the strong Ba stars the peak appears at 2.5 M ⊙. We, therefore, propose that the initial masses of the progenitor AGBs dominantly control the formation of mild and strong Ba stars. However, a clear overlap, in the range 1.3–4.0 M ⊙, noticed between the progenitor masses of both the subclasses of Ba stars, may indicate that other factors, such as the metallicities and the orbital periods, may also have significant contributions. The progenitor AGBs’ mass distribution of CEMP-s stars is found to peak at 2.03 M ⊙.
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Heckman, Joseph R. „The Role of Trees and Pastures in Organic Agriculture“. Sustainable Agriculture Research 4, Nr. 3 (18.06.2015): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/sar.v4n3p51.
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<p>Environmental concerns associated with annual row crop grain production – including soil erosion, soil carbon loss, intensive use of chemicals and petroleum, limited arable land, among others – could be addressed by converting conventional livestock production to an organic pasture based system. The inclusion of tree crops would further enhance the opportunity for feeding pasture- raised livestock by providing shelter and alternative feed sources. Biodiversity is an essential aspect of an organic farm plan. The idea of including tree crops and other perennials into the vision of an organic farm as a “living system” is very much compatible with the goals and philosophy of organic farming. Before modern no-till farming systems were developed, tree crops and pasture systems were found to provide similar benefits for controlling soil erosion and conserving soil carbon. For example, J. Russell Smith’s <em>Tree Crops: A Permanent Agriculture</em> (Smith, 1950) and pioneered tree crop agriculture as the alternative to annual row crops for protecting soils from erosion while producing livestock feed such as acorns, nuts, and fodder. A survey of Mid-Atlantic USA soils under pasture found 60% higher soil organic matter content than cultivated fields. Because United States Department of Agriculture’s National Organic Program (USDA-NOP) standards require dairy cattle consume pasture forage and limited grain (7 C.F.R. pt. 206), organic milk contains higher concentrations of omega-3 and fewer omega-6 fatty acids than conventional milk. Organic standards also state “the producer must not use lumber treated with arsenate or other prohibited materials for new [fence posts] installations or replacement purposes in contact with soil or livestock.” Black locust (<em>Robinia pseudoacacia</em>) is a fast growing renewable alternative to treated lumber with many attributes compatible with organic farming. This versatile tree fixes nitrogen (N), provides flowers for honey bees and other pollinators, and produces a highly durable dense wood ideal for fence posts useable for up to 50 year.</p>
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PARTSCH, C. J., M. HERMANUSSEN und W. G. SIPPELL. „Treatment of Silver-Russell type dwarfism with human growth hormone: Effects on serum somatomedin-C levels and on longitudinal growth studied by knemometry“. Acta Endocrinologica 113, Nr. 4_Suppl (Dezember 1986): S139—S146. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/acta.0.112s139.
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Abstract. Two patients, aged 5 and 12 years, with Silver-Russell type dwarfism are presented. As shown by standard tests and examination of the spontaneous nocturnal hGH secretion, there was only mild regulative hGH deficiency. HGH treatment was started with daily subcutaneous injections at age 5.5 years (height 90.3 cm, −6.1 SDS, bone age 2.75 years) and 12.6 years (height 125.7 cm, −3.7 SDS, bone age 8.75 years), respectively. Treatment was monitored by serial somatomedin-C (SM-C) determinations and by knemometry (lower leg measurement). SM-C values increased in both patients by 10.5 and 4.8 fold, respectively, and remained above the prepubertal range (>2.5 U/ml) during the treatment periods of 1.5 years. Pretreatment knemometric growth rate was high (after a somatomedin generation test) in patient 1 (0.7 mm/week) and low in patient 2 (0.31 mm/week). It remained at the same level in patient 1 (0.67 mm/week) and increased markedly in patient 2 (0.46 mm/week). During a treatment interruption, in both patients, knemometric growth rates fell to 0.33 and 0.30 mm/week, respectively. After resumption of treatment, now with biosynthetic hGH, growth rates increased again in patients 1 and 2 to 0.64 and 0.48 mm/week, respectively. This lower leg growth pattern was parallelled by similar changes in total body growth velocity. Even after the relatively short treatment period of 14 to 16 months, a slight net gain in statural height could be observed, as standard deviation scores for bone age increased.
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Montenegro, Luciana R., Andrea C. Leal, Debora C. Coutinho, Helena P. L. Valassi, Mirian Y. Nishi, Ivo J. P. Arnhold, Berenice B. Mendonca und Alexander A. L. Jorge. „Post-receptor IGF1 insensitivity restricted to the MAPK pathway in a Silver–Russell syndrome patient with hypomethylation at the imprinting control region on chromosome 11“. European Journal of Endocrinology 166, Nr. 3 (März 2012): 543–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/eje-11-0964.
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BackgroundHypomethylation of the paternal imprinting center region 1 (ICR1) is the most frequent molecular cause of Silver–Russell syndrome (SRS). Clinical evidence suggests that patients with this epimutation have mild IGF1 insensitivity.ObjectiveTo assess in vitro IGF1 action in fibroblast culture from a patient with SRS and IGF1 insensitivity.MethodsFibroblast cultures from one patient with SRS due to ICR1 demethylation and controls were established. The SRS patient has severe growth failure, elevated IGF1 level, and poor growth rate during human recombinant GH treatment. IGF1 action was assessed by cell proliferation, AKT, and p42/44-MAPK phosphorylation. Gene expression was determined by real-time PCR.ResultsDespite normal IGF1R sequence and expression, fibroblast proliferation induced by IGF1 was 50% lower in SRS fibroblasts in comparison with controls. IGF1 and insulin promoted a p42/44-MAPK activation in SRS fibroblasts 40 and 36%, respectively, lower than that in control fibroblasts. On the other hand, p42/44-MAPK activation induced by EGF stimulation was only slightly reduced (75% in SRS fibroblasts in comparison with control), suggesting a general impairment in MAPK pathway with a greater impairment of the stimulation induced by insulin and IGF1 than by EGF. A PCR array analysis disclosed a defect in MAPK pathway characterized by an increase in DUSP4 and MEF2C gene expressions in patient fibroblasts.ConclusionA post-receptor IGF1 insensitivity was characterized in one patient with SRS and ICR1 hypomethylation. Although based on one unique severely affected patient, these results raise an intriguing mechanism to explain the postnatal growth impairment observed in SRS patients that needs confirmation in larger cohorts.
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Esfahani, Mohammad A., Maryam Eslami, Omeed Memarsadeghi, Niusha Samadaeian und Shahram Savad. „Investigation of Mutations in H19, IGF2, CDKN1C, KCNQ1, and NSD1 Genes in Iranian Children Suspected of Silver-Russell Syndrome (SRS) and Beckwith-Wiedemann Syndrome (BWS) with MS-MLPA“. Romanian Journal of Military Medicine 127, Nr. 3 (05.01.2024): 196–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.55453/rjmm.2024.127.3.4.
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Background: Silver-Russell Syndrome (SRS) and Beckwith-Wiedemann Syndrome (BWS) are two syndromes that are poorly diagnosed in many affected people due to mild and subtle symptoms, genetic complexity, and lack of familiarity with the hallmarks. Objective: The present study was conducted with the aim of determining mutations in H19, IGF2, CDKN1C, KCNQ1, and NSD1 genes in Iranian children suspected of SRS and BWS by the MS-MLPA method. Methods: In this case series study, which was conducted in 2022 in Pars Genome Laboratory, Karaj, Iran, 10 children suspected of SRS or BWS syndrome were included. These 10 Iranian children were referred by pediatric endocrinologists. 5 ml of peripheral blood was taken per patient for DNA extraction. MS-MLPA method was undertaken for possible mutations (methylation and deletion) in H19, IGF2, CDKN1C, KCNQ1, and NSD1 genes. Results: The interpretation of MS-MLPA results showed that out of 10 children (4 boys and 6 girls) suspected of having SRS or BWS syndrome (based on the pediatric endocrinologist’s diagnosis), only 3 children were definitively diagnosed with SRS or BWS syndrome. Based on this, methylation changes in the promoter of ICR1 and ICR2, which are related to the genes H19, IGF2, CDKN1C, KCNQ1, and NSD1, lead to the development of SRS or BWS syndrome. Conclusion: The present findings showed that methylation changes in H19, IGF2, CDKN1C, KCNQ1, and NSD1 genes are associated with the occurrence of SRS or BWS syndrome. In this study, we show that MS-MLPA can serve as a rapid, inexpensive, and reliable method for the molecular diagnosis of these syndromes.
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Prenna, E., S. Maffè, P. Paffoni, E. Facchini, L. Bergamasco, G. Careri, N. Franchetti Pardo, A. Paino, S. Ariotti und P. Dellavesa. „P464 ELEVATED SPONTANEOUS INR: THE COMPLEXITY OF REAL LIFE BETWEEN CARDIOLOGY AND HEMATOLOGY“. European Heart Journal Supplements 25, Supplement_D (Mai 2023): D225. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/eurheartjsupp/suad111.526.
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Abstract Direct acting oral anticoagulants (DOACs) have guaranteed safety and convenience of use in anticoagulated patients. DOACs only require monitoring of hepato–renal function. But how to handle a patient with persistently elevated INR (International Normalized Ratio) in the absence of anticoagulant therapy? We present the case of a 77 years old woman with hypertension and hypothyroidism. The patient was admitted to our division for high frequency atrial fibrillation with initial heart failure. The patient gradually improved with rate control therapy (metoprolol and digoxin) and a few diuretic therapy. The echocardiogram didn’t showed anything significant. Laboratory tests showed a persistently elevated INR, even after she achieved clinical stability. Liver funcion tests and abdomen echography were normal. Patient’s CHA2DS2–VASc risk score was 3 with indication to anticoagulant therapy. We opted for rate control therapy because, in the absence of a diagnosis, there was uncertainty as to start or not anticoagulation therapy, with the doubt whether the persistently high INR corresponded to real anticoagulation. We didn‘t want to expose the patient to bleeding risks by initiating a DOAC. Blood tests showed mild to moderate factor X deficiency with prolonged dRVVT (diluited Russel Viper Venom time) but normal aPTT (activated partial thromboplastin time). Factor X (FX) deficiency is a rare hereditary bleeding disorder characterized by decreased antigen and/or activity of FX leading to mild to severe bleeding symptoms. Severe congenital form manifests itself early while heterozygous patients are often asymptomatic. Indeed, no previous literature data are reported about use of DOACs in this kind of patient. In mild to moderate FX deficiency there are no known contraindications for the use of anticoagulant therapy. According to the hematologist we started low–dose dabigatran, the only DOAC that acts by directly inhibiting thrombin. Regular 6 months follow–up. In conclusion this case was particularly challenging because of the lack of indications about how to manage these patients. The complexity of patients in real–life goes beyond the guidelines, which must therefore be adapted to the individual case
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Masunaga, Yohei, Takanobu Inoue, Kaori Yamoto, Yasuko Fujisawa, Yasuhiro Sato, Yuki Kawashima-Sonoyama, Naoya Morisada et al. „IGF2 Mutations“. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism 105, Nr. 1 (23.09.2019): 116–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/clinem/dgz034.
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Abstract Objective IGF2 is a paternally expressed growth-promoting gene. Here, we report five cases with IGF2 mutations and review IGF2 mutation-positive patients described in the literature. We also compare clinical features between patients with IGF2 mutations and those with H19/IGF2:IG-DMR epimutations. Results We recruited five cases with IGF2 mutations: case 1 with a splice site mutation (c.–6–1G>C) leading to skipping of exon 2 and cases 2–5 with different missense mutations (p.(Cys70Tyr), p.(Cys71Arg), p.(Cys33Ser), and p.(Cys45Ser)) affecting cysteine residues involved in the S-S bindings. All the mutations resided on the paternally inherited allele, and the mutation of case 5 was present in a mosaic condition. Clinical assessment revealed Silver–Russell syndrome (SRS) phenotype with Netchine–Harbison scores of ≥5/6 in all the apparently nonmosaic 14 patients with IGF2 mutations (cases 1–4 described in this study and 10 patients reported in the literature). Furthermore, compared with H19/IGF2:IG-DMR epimutations, IGF2 mutations were associated with low frequency of hemihypoplasia, high frequency of feeding difficulty and/or reduced body mass index, and mild degree of relative macrocephaly, together with occasional development of severe limb malformations, high frequency of cardiovascular anomalies and developmental delay, and low serum IGF-II values. Conclusions This study indicates that IGF2 mutations constitute a rare but important cause of SRS. Furthermore, while both IGF2 mutations and H19/IGF2:IG-DMR epimutations lead to SRS, a certain degree of phenotypic difference is observed between the two groups, probably due to the different IGF2 expression pattern in target tissues.
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Hower, Arthur A., und Sandra D. Alexander. „Corn Rootworm Larval Control, 1995“. Arthropod Management Tests 21, Nr. 1 (01.01.1996): 219–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/amt/21.1.219a.
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Abstract Two insecticide efficacy studies for controlling mixed populations of NCR (17% Experiment I and 42% Experiment II) and WCR (83% Experiment I and 58% Experiment II) were conducted at the Russell E. Larson Agricultural Research Center at Rock Springs, Centre County, PA. The experiments were conducted on separate fields approximately 1 mile apart. Corn was planted no-till on 16 May in both experiments using a John Deere Max-Emerge 2 row planter with 30-inch row spacing. The Lorsban 4E with 9-18-9 fertilizer in solution was applied at each site 22 May. Rain prevented application of this treatment earlier. Insecticides were applied to 5X40 ft plots in a RCB design with 4 replications per treatment. Plant populations were counted 15 Jun at both locations to identify seedling emergence and phytotoxicity that may have resulted from the treatments. Root damage ratings were evaluated 21 Jul (Experiment I) and 25 Jul (Experiment II) using the Iowa 1 to 6 system. Yields were determined in Experiment I as silage using a silage harvester on 12 Sep. One row of corn was harvested per plot and the row harvested was in the same relative position in all plots. Yield in Experiment II was determined by mechanically harvesting each plot for shelled corn on 23 Oct. Percent moisture in the silage plots was determined by drying a subsample (at 2.0 lb wet) from each plot and silage yield was adjusted to 65% moisture. Percent moisture in the shelled corn was determined for each plot with a moisture meter and yield was adjusted to 15.5% moisture.
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Crocker, John C., und David G. Grier. „Interactions and Dynamics in Charge-Stabilized Colloids“. MRS Bulletin 23, Nr. 10 (Oktober 1998): 24–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/s0883769400029560.
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Perhaps the most remarkable observation one can make about colloidal suspensions is that they exist at all. Particles dispersed in a fluid medium have a natural tendency to aggregate under the influence of van der Waals attraction. Yet the fortunes of a great many natural and industrial processes require colloidal particles to remain dispersed or at least to aggregate at a controlled rate. The existence of colloidal suspensions as varied as milk, inks, and metallic sols attests to the efficacy of a variety of stabilizing mechanisms. As early as 1809, Russel realized that many naturally occurring colloidal particles are charged. By the end of the century, Schultz and Hardy demonstrated that the resulting electro-static repulsions were strong enough to stabilize their suspensions against flocculating. This mechanism—arguably the best understood—continues to yield new surprises despite more than a century of analysis. The most recent burst of activity has been driven by the development of new and quite general techniques for measuring colloidal and macromolecular interactions. Its counterintuitive result—that like-charged particles some-times attract each other—may have ramifications in areas as diverse as protein crystallization, self-assembly of nano-structures, and the stabilization of industrial suspensions. This article touches briefly on the well-established theory of electrostatic stabilization in colloidal suspensions. The emphasis here is on the approximations that have provided the community with an analytical theory at the expense of overlooking recently discovered effects.
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SUWARSO, A. S. MURDIYATI, ANIK HERWATI, GEMBONG DALMADIYO, JOKO HARTONO, SLAMET und K. ACHMAD FARID. „UJI MULTILOKASI GALUR HARAPAN TEMBAKAU MADURA“. Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri 10, Nr. 2 (15.07.2020): 74. http://dx.doi.org/10.21082/jlittri.v10n2.2004.74-82.
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<p>Produksi rokok di Indonesia mcngarah ke rokok ringan sehingga kebutuhan tembakau bermutu baik dan ingan meningkat. Bahan baku utama yang semakin banyak dibutuhkan adalah tembakau madura. Untuk memperbaiki mutu dan mengurangi kadar nikotinnya, tembakau madura disilangkan dengan tembakau oriental. Sebanyak 9 galur harapan telah diperoleh dan diuji multilokasi bcrsama Prancak-95 sebagai pembanding. Pada tahun 2002 pengujian dilaksanakan di (1) Palalang 1 dan (2) Bajang, Kecamatan Pakong, Kabupaten Pamekasan seta (3) Guluk-guluk, Kecamatan Guluk-guluk, Kabupaten Sumenep. Pada tahun 2003 pengujian dilanjutkan di (1) Palalang 2, Kecamatan Pakong, Kabupaten Pamekasan seta (2) Bakeong dan (3) Por-dapor, Kecamatan Guluk-guluk, Kabupaten Sumenep. Pengujian di setiap lokasi menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok dengan tiga ulangan. Data dari semua percobaan dianalisis menggunakan program MSTAT. Anova menggunakan model 2 tahun, setiap tahun lokasi bcrubah. Analisis stabilitas'menggunakan mctode F.bcrhat dan Russell (1966). Tidak ada interaksi antara genotipe dengan lahun atau lokasi. Galur yang mempunyai nikotin lebih rendah dari Prancak-95 adalah 90/1 (2%) dan 93/2 (1.76%), masing-masing berkurang 13 dan 24% dai Prancak-95. Kedua galur tersebut stabil dan beradaptasi luas, galur 93/2 potensi hasilnya 0.892 ton/ha atau meningkat 11% dari Prancak-95, sedangkan 90/1 potensinya 0.798 ton/ha.</p><p>Kata kunci: Tembakau, tembakau madura, uji multilokasi, nikotin rendah, Madura</p><p> </p><p><strong>ABSTRACT </strong></p><p><strong>Multilocation test ofpromising madura tobacco lines</strong></p><p>The production of Indonesian cigaretes tends to the production of mild cigarete, so that the demand for higher quality and lighter tobacco increases. The demand for madura tobacco as the main raw mateial also increases. To improve its quality and to reduce its nicotine content, madura tobacco was crossed to oriental tobacco. Nine promising lines were produced and tested at multilocation together with Prancak-95 as a control. The multilocation tests were conducted in 2002 in (1) Palalang 1 and (2) Bajang, Pakong Distict, Pamekasan Regency, and in (3) Guluk-guluk, Guluk-guluk Distict, Sumenep Regency. In 2003 the tests were continued in (1) Palalang 2, Pakong District, Pamekasan Regency ; (2) Bakeong and (3) Por-dapor, Guluk-guluk District, Sumenep Regency. The tests in each location used a randomized block design with three replications. Data collected from all tests were analyzed using MSTAT Program. Anova was itted to model for 2 year tests, each year the location was changed. F.bcrhart and Russell method (1966) was used for stability analysis. There was no interaction between genotype and the year as well as the location. The tobacco lines that had lower nicotine content than Prancak-95 were 90/1 (2%) and 93/2 (1.76%). Their nicotine contents were lower than that of Prancak 95 by 13% and 24% respectively. The two lines were stable and broad adapted. Line 93/2 had yield potency 0.892 ton/ha higher by 1 1% than that of Pancak-95, while the yield potency of line 90/1 was 0.798 ton/ha.</p><p>Key words: Tobacco, madura tobacco, multilocation test, low nicotine, Madur</p>
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Bono, G., V. F. Braga, G. Fiorentino, M. Salaris, A. Pietrinferni, M. Castellani, M. Di Criscienzo, M. Fabrizio, C. E. Martínez-Vázquez und M. Monelli. „Evolutionary and pulsation properties of Type II Cepheids“. Astronomy & Astrophysics 644 (Dezember 2020): A96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202038191.
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We discuss the observed pulsation properties of Type II Cepheids (TIICs) in the Galaxy and in the Magellanic Clouds. We found that period (P) distributions, luminosity amplitudes, and population ratios of the three different sub-groups (BL Herculis [BLH, P < 5 days], W Virginis [WV, 5 ≤ P < 20 days], RV Tauri [RVT, P > 20 days]) are quite similar in different stellar systems, suggesting a common evolutionary channel and a mild dependence on both metallicity and environment. We present a homogeneous theoretical framework based on horizontal branch (HB) evolutionary models, showing that TIICs are mainly old (t ≥ 10 Gyr) low-mass stars. The BLH stars (BLHs) are predicted to be post-early asymptotic giant branch (PEAGB) stars (double shell burning) on the verge of reaching their AGB track (first crossing of the instability strip), while WV stars (WVs) are a mix of PEAGB and post-AGB stars (hydrogen shell burning) moving from the cool to the hot side (second crossing) of the Hertzsprung-Russell Diagram. This suggests that they are a single group of variable stars. The RVT stars (RVTs) are predicted to be a mix of post-AGB stars along their second crossing (short-period tail) and thermally pulsing AGB stars (long-period tail) evolving towards their white dwarf cooling sequence. We also present several sets of synthetic HB models by assuming a bi-modal mass distribution along the HB. Theory suggests, in agreement with observations, that TIIC pulsation properties marginally depend on metallicity. Predicted period distributions and population ratios for BLHs agree quite well with observations, while those for WVs and RVTs are almost a factor of two smaller and higher than observed, respectively. Moreover, the predicted period distributions for WVs peak at periods shorter than observed, while those for RVTs display a long-period tail not supported by observations. We investigate several avenues to explain these differences, but more detailed calculations are required to address these discrepancies.
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Curtis, A. M., S. M. Levy, J. E. Cavanaugh, J. J. Warren, J. L. Kolker und K. Weber-Gasparoni. „Decline in Dental Fluorosis Severity during Adolescence: A Cohort Study“. Journal of Dental Research 99, Nr. 4 (24.02.2020): 388–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022034520906089.
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Dental fluorosis occurs from overingestion of fluoride during tooth formation. However, there is little evidence in the literature on whether or how fluorosis prevalence and severity change over time after tooth eruption. Permanent dentition dental examinations were conducted at ages 9, 13, 17, and 23 as part of the Iowa Fluoride Study, which has followed a cohort from birth. Fluorosis was assessed using the Fluorosis Risk Index (FRI) and Russell’s criteria for differential diagnosis. Measures of fluorosis severity at the person and tooth level were calculated: second highest FRI score at the person level (the maximum FRI score for each tooth was determined and the tooth with the second highest maximum FRI score was used) and highest FRI score at the tooth level. At both the person and tooth levels, a decline in mild to moderate fluorosis severity was observed across adolescence and young adulthood. Across each pair of adjacent examinations at the person level, for participants with a baseline second highest FRI of 0, most participants stayed at 0 (82% to 91%). Many participants with a baseline second highest FRI of 1 had a follow-up score of 0 (47% to 54%), while about a third had a follow-up score of 1 (34% to 38%), and a lower percentage had an increase to a score of 2 (9% to 15%). For participants with baseline second highest FRI score of 2, between 25% and 44% of participants had follow-up FRI scores each of 0, 1, and 2. Similar patterns were observed at the tooth level. These results were consistent with most of the existing, limited literature. Overall, fluorosis severity, which was initially mild to moderate, tended to decline during adolescence and young adulthood. Additional study of how this trend affects esthetic perceptions of fluorosis is warranted.
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Gentles, Ian. „The Fall of the British Monarchies 1637-1642, by Conrad RussellThe Fall of the British Monarchies 1637-1642, by Conrad Russell. Don Mills, Ontario, Oxford University Press, 1991. xix, 550 pp. $102.00.“ Canadian Journal of History 27, Nr. 1 (April 1992): 126–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/cjh.27.1.126.
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Hower, Arthur A., und Paul Rebarchak. „Corn Rootworm Larval Control, 1997“. Arthropod Management Tests 23, Nr. 1 (01.01.1998): 197–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/amt/23.1.197.
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Abstract Two insecticide efficacy studies for controlling mixed populations of NCR (4% Experiment 1 and 17% Experiment 2) and WCR (96% Experiment 1 and 83% Experiment 2) were conducted at the Russell E. Larson Agricultural Research Center at Rock Springs, Centre County, PA. The experiments were conducted on separate fields approximately 1 mile apart. Com was planted no-till on 21 May for both experiments using a John Deere Max-Emerge 2-row planter with 30-inch spacing. Three treatments (Fortress 5G 0.16 lb (AI)/acre applied in furrow and T-band, Aztec 4.67 G 0.02 lb (AI)/acre applied T-band) in both experiments were planted using a SmartBox™ Closed Pesticide Delivery System on 21 May. Two treatments (Furadan 4°F 1.0 lb (AI)/acre, not cultivated in and cultivated in) were applied post emergence on 17 Jun based on GDD (growing degree days). The field used in Experiment 1 was planted with com and pumpkin as a trap crop for rootworm adults in 1996. Insecticides were applied to 10 X 40 ft plots (for 30-inch rows) arranged in a RCB design with 4 replications per treatment and an untreated check. Plant populations were counted 25 Jun at both locations to quantify seedling emergence and identify any phytotoxicity that may have resulted from the treatments. Root damage was rated on 31 Jul (Experiment 1) and 1 Aug (Experiment 2) using the Iowa 1 to 6 scale. All treatments were harvested in Experiment 1 for silage and grain yield. Only grain yield was measured in Experiment 2. Silage yield was determined on 26 Sep in Experiment 1 by harvesting 1/1000 acre (17 ft of one row) in each plot by hand because the silage harvester wasn’t working properly. Percent moisture for silage in Experiment 1 was determined for each replication by drying 14 random plant samples collected across the various treatments. Silage yield was adjusted to 65% moisture. Grain yield in both experiments was determined on 31 Oct by mechanically harvesting 2 rows from each plot for shelled corn with a Massey-Ferguson combine. The harvested rows were in the same relative position in each plot in both experiments. Percent moisture of the shelled corn was determined for each plot with a moisture meter and the grain yield was adjusted to 15.5% moisture for both experiments.
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Nikitin, V. S., R. S. Dukhanova, I. A. Kelmanson und I. N. Antonova. „Relationship between glycemic control and periodontal status in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus“. Parodontologiya 28, Nr. 2 (13.06.2023): 112–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.33925/1683-3759-2023-28-2-112-122.
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Relevance. The study of the dental status, including periodontal, in adolescents with type 1 diabetes, has a high scientific and clinical significance in terms of early diagnosis and prediction of the pathology of the dentoalveolar system in this group of patients.Materials and methods. The study included 54 adolescents with type 1 diabetes aged 14-17 y.o.; of which 44% were boys, and 56% were girls. The duration of diabetes was 71.2 ± 46 months. Oral cavity condition evaluation included an interview and examination using instrumental and index assessment. The index assessment included the Green-Vermilion oral hygiene index (OHI-S), the papillary-marginal-attached index (PMA), Russell’s periodontal index (PI) and the decayed-missing-filled index (DMFT). To evaluate the diabetes factor impact on the periodontal tissues, we assessed the level of HbA1c, the duration of DM1, sex, age, and the presence of microangiopathy specific for type 1 diabetes, followed by multivariate regression analysis using JAMOVI 2.3.13 software.Results. The study established that only 11% of the examined adolescents had compensated type 1 diabetes with an HbA1c level <7%. As for the index assessment of the oral cavity condition, most patients had mild or moderate deviations, indicating initial changes, including ones in periodontium. We also established a significant adverse effect of HbA1c increase, i.e., metabolic decompensation, on all studied indices (OHI-S, PI, PMA).Conclusion. Initial inflammatory periodontal changes in type 1 DM may occur at a fairly early age and do not depend on age, sex and the presence of vascular complications, and are associated with worse glycemic control numbers. Dental check-ups of adolescents with type 1 diabetes require periodontal index assessment and collaboration of dentists and pediatric endocrinologists.