Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Military“
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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "Military":
1
Piątkowski, Mateusz. „The markings of military aircraft under the law of aerial warfare“. Military Law and the Law of War Review 58, Nr. 1 (25.11.2020): 63–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4337/mllwr.2020.01.03.
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The breakthrough innovation of the Wright brothers in 1903 and subsequent developments of aerial technology created significant opportunities for the military, as a new dimension of warfare became an operational space of combat. Many legal questions arise, including the status of air machines deployed by the freshly formed independent air detachments before the outbreak of World War I. From the operational and legal viewpoint, both state practice and international law experts agreed that in order to receive a status similar to warships under the law of naval warfare, military aircraft should bear distinctive insignia, indicating their military character and nationality. This article’s aim is to present the origins and evolution of the military markings and their legal significance, as a core element of the military aircraft definition. It needs to be emphasized that only aircraft considered as military can perform acts of hostility and exercise the specific rights granted by the law of air warfare. The analysis will refer to practical challenges for maintaining the classical rule of air warfare, such as the exact location of the markings on the aircraft surfaces, low-visibility insignia (as a way to reconcile legal and operational demands) and the question of relevance of the duty to mark military aircraft in the context of unmanned air platforms. L’innovation qui a fait connaître les frères Wright en 1903 ainsi que les développements consécutifs dans la technologie aéronautique ont créé de réelles opportunités pour le secteur militaire, alors qu’une nouvelle dimension de la guerre est devenue un espace opérationnel de combat. Cette évolution fait naître de nombreuses questions juridiques, dont le statut des aéronefs déployés par les détachements aériens indépendants formés peu avant l’éclatement de la Première Guerre mondiale. D’un point de vue opérationnel et légal, la pratique étatique et les experts juridiques internationaux s’accordent sur le fait que les aéronefs militaires devraient avoir des insignes distinctifs indiquant leur caractère militaire et leur nationalité, afin qu’ils se voient attribuer un statut similaire à celui des navires de guerre en vertu du droit de la guerre navale. Cet article a pour but de présenter les origines et l’évolution du marquage militaire ainsi que sa signification juridique, en tant qu’élément essentiel de la définition d’un aéronef militaire. Soulignons le fait que seul un aéronef considéré comme militaire peut mener des actes hostiles et exercer les droits particuliers octroyés en vertu du droit de la guerre aérienne. L’analyse fait référence à des défis d’ordre pratique pour maintenir les règles classiques de la guerre aérienne, telles que l’emplacement exact des marquages sur la surface de l’aéronef, la faible visibilité des insignes (comme moyen de combiner exigences juridiques et opérationnelles) et la question de la pertinence de l’obligation de marquer un aéronef militaire dans le contexte de plateformes aériennes sans équipage. De baanbrekende innovatie van de gebroeders Wright in 1903 en de daaropvolgende ontwikkelingen van de luchtvaarttechnologie creëerden grote mogelijkheden voor de strijdkrachten, aangezien een nieuwe dimensie van oorlogvoering een operationele gevechtsruimte werd. Deze ontwikkeling leidt tot veel juridische vragen, waaronder de status van de luchtvaartuigen die door de net voor het uitbreken van de Eerste Wereldoorlog opgerichte onafhankelijke luchtdetachementen werden ingezet. Vanuit operationeel en juridisch oogpunt waren zowel de statenpraktijk als de internationale juridische experts het erover eens dat militaire luchtvaartuigen onderscheidende insignes moeten dragen die hun militaire karakter en nationaliteit aangeven, om een status te krijgen die gelijkaardig is aan die van oorlogsschepen krachtens het recht van de zeeoorlog. Dit artikel heeft tot doel de oorsprong en de ontwikkeling van de militaire markeringen en hun juridische betekenis voor te stellen als een kernelement van de definitie van militaire luchtvaartuigen. Er moet worden benadrukt dat alleen luchtvaartuigen die als militair worden beschouwd, vijandelijke handelingen kunnen verrichten en de specifieke rechten die door het recht van de luchtoorlog worden verleend, kunnen uitoefenen. De analyse verwijst naar de praktische uitdagingen voor het handhaven van de klassieke regels van de luchtoorlog, zoals de exacte locatie van de markeringen op de vliegtuigoppervlakken, insignes met lage zichtbaarheid (als een manier om juridische en operationele eisen met elkaar in overeenstemming te brengen) en de vraag of de verplichting om militaire luchtvaartuigen te markeren relevant is in de context van onbemande luchtvaartuigen. La revolucionaria innovación de los hermanos Wright en 1903 y subsiguiente evolución de la tecnología aérea dieron paso a oportunidades significativas para los ejércitos, creándose una nueva dimensión de la guerra que se convirtió en un espacio operativo de combate. Esto trajo consigo muchas cuestiones legales, incluido el estatus de los artefactos aéreos desplegados por los recién creados destacamentos aéreos independientes en los prolegómenos de la Primera Guerra Mundial. Desde el punto de vista operativo y legal, tanto los Estados a través de la práctica como los expertos en Derecho Internacional estuvieron de acuerdo en que para acogerse al mismo estatus que los buques de guerra bajo las leyes de la guerra naval, las aeronaves militares debían llevar insignias distintivas, mostrando su carácter militar y nacionalidad. El propósito del artículo es examinar el origen y evolución de estas señales militares y su importancia legal como uno de los elementos principales de la definición de aeronave militar. Debe enfatizarse que solo una aeronave considerada militar puede llevar a cabo actos de hostilidad y ejercer derechos específicos reconocidos por las leyes de la guerra aérea. El análisis aborda los retos prácticos para mantener la vigencia de la regla clásica de la guerra aérea, tal como es el lugar exacto de emplazamiento de las señales exteriores en la superficie de las aeronaves, las insignias de baja visibilidad (como una forma de conciliar las exigencias legales y operativas) y la cuestión de la relevancia del deber de señalar las aeronaves militares en el contexto de las plataformas aéreas no tripuladas. L’innovazione rivoluzionaria dei Fratelli Wright nel 1903 e i successivi sviluppi della tecnologia aerea crearono significative opportunità per i militari, poiché una nuova dimensione di guerra divenne uno spazio operativo di combattimento. Sorgono molte questioni legali, tra cui lo status delle macchine aeree dispiegate dai distaccamenti aerei indipendenti formatisi appena prima dello scoppio della Prima guerra mondiale. Dal punto di vista operativo e legale, sia la pratica degli Stati che gli esperti di diritto internazionale hanno convenuto che, per ricevere uno status simile a quello delle navi da guerra disciplinate della legge della guerra navale, gli aerei militari dovrebbero portare delle insegne distintive che indichino la loro natura militare e la loro nazionalità. L'obiettivo di questo articolo è quello di presentare le origini e l'evoluzione delle marcature militari e il loro significato legale, come elemento centrale della definizione di velivolo militare. Va sottolineato che solo gli aerei considerati militari possono compiere atti di ostilità ed esercitare i diritti specifici concessi dalla legge sulla guerra aerea. L’analisi farà riferimento alle sfide pratiche per il mantenimento delle regole classiche sulla guerra aerea, come l’esatta posizione delle marcature sulla superfice dell’aereo, le insegne a bassa visibilità (come modo per conciliare le esigenze legali ed operative) e la questione della rilevanza del dovere di marcatura dei velivoli militari nel contesto delle piattaforme aeree senza pilota. Die bahnbrechende Innovation der Gebrüder Wright im Jahr 1903 und die nachfolgenden Entwicklungen der Luftfahrttechnologie schufen bedeutende Möglichkeiten für den Militärbereich, da eine neue Dimension der Kriegsführung zu einem operativen Kampfraum wurde. Es stellen sich viele rechtliche Fragen, einschließlich jener des Status der Luftmaschinen, die von den neu gebildeten unabhängigen Luftkommandos vor dem Ausbruch des Ersten Weltkriegs eingesetzt wurden. Aus operativer und rechtlicher Sicht waren sich sowohl die staatliche Praxis als auch die internationalen Rechtsexperten einig, dass Militärflugzeuge Kennzeichen, die auf ihren militärischen Charakter und ihre Nationalität hinweisen, tragen sollten, um einen kriegsschiffähnlichen Status nach dem Recht der Seekriegsführung zu erhalten. Ziel dieses Artikels ist es, die Ursprünge und die Entwicklung der militärischen Kennzeichnungen und ihre rechtliche Bedeutung als Kernelement der Definition von Militärflugzeugen darzustellen. Es muss darauf hingewiesen werden, dass nur Flugzeuge, die als militärisch angesehen werden, feindliche Handlungen durchführen und die durch das Gesetz der Luftkriegsführung gewährten spezifischen Rechte ausüben können. Die Analyse wird sich auf praktische Herausforderungen für die Aufrechterhaltung des klassischen Gesetzes der Luftkriegsführung beziehen, wie die genaue Lage der Kennzeichen auf den Flugzeugoberflächen, Kennzeichen mit geringer Sichtbarkeit (als Mittel, rechtliche und operative Anforderungen miteinander in Einklang zu bringen) und die Frage der Relevanz der Pflicht zur Kennzeichnung militärischer Flugzeuge im Zusammenhang mit unbemannten Luftplattformen.
2
Dall’Agnol, Darlei, und Gustavo Fornari Dall’Agnol. „MILITARY ETHICS: RETHINKING CIVIL-MILITARY RELATIONS IN BRAZIL“. Kriterion: Revista de Filosofia 64, Nr. 154 (April 2023): 123–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0100-512x2023n15406dd.
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ABSTRACT This paper presents a solid normative approach in military ethics, which justifies the rule of law in a constitutional regime capable of fixing the proper role of the Armed Forces in Brazil. Deploying this ethical framework, it analyzes the relevant literature, especially authors who defend civilian supremacy for the good functioning of a democratic society. Afterwards, some models of civil-military relations are introduced to establish the parameters and indicators of proper democratic consolidation. These parameters are applied to recent events, revealing that Brazil is regressing in its civilian control over the military. Finally, some practical proposals for reversing this tendency are put forward in pursuit of a fully democratic regime in Brazil.
3
Pozo Vilches, Juan. „Código Penal Militar: ámbito subjetivo de aplicación“. Anuario Jurídico y Económico Escurialense, Nr. 54 (09.03.2021): 53–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.54571/ajee.478.
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La competencia de la Jurisdicción Militar es una de las cuestionesmás debatidas desde la época de la Transición democrática. Desde entonces seha tratado de limitar su competencia al ámbito estrictamente castrense. En 2016entró en vigor el vigente Código Penal Militar, una norma bastante desconocidapara la gran mayoría de los operadores jurídicos. En el presente trabajoexaminaremos el ámbito subjetivo de aplicación de esta norma, que, comoveremos, se aplica no solo a militares, sino también a civiles, ya se cometa eldelito en tiempos de paz o de conflicto armado. Palabras clave: Transición democrática. Constitución española. Ámbito estrictamente castrense. Código Penal Militar. Jurisdicción Militar. Tribunales militares. Keywords: Democratic transition. Spanish Constitution. Scope strictly military. Military Criminal Code. Military jurisdiction. Military courts.
4
Sheffield, Gary. „Military Past, Military Present, Military Future“. RUSI Journal 153, Nr. 3 (Juni 2008): 102–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03071840802249687.
5
Pattison, Gary. „Soldier self-defence: the theoretical and legal bases for command-imposed restrictions“. Military Law and the Law of War Review 59, Nr. 1 (02.06.2021): 23–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4337/mllwr.2021.01.02.
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This article confronts what has been described as the ‘ongoing self-defence controversy’ within the international military community over the legitimacy of commanders issuing orders that have the practical effect of restricting soldiers’ use of force in self-defence. Within this controversy, some argue that soldier self-defence is legally sacrosanct, a right that must invariably take precedence over any command-imposed restrictions. This article explores whether there is any legal basis for this view. It finds that there is not, and that such an absolutist approach misconstrues the basic theoretical and legal origins of self-defence. What is more, the article forewarns that reasoning in such absolute terms might actually serve to devalue rather than promote soldiers’ safety by failing to properly account for the longstanding military tradition of commands such as ‘hold fire’ orders, the central importance of these directives to the ordered application of military force and military effectiveness, and the interrelationship of the military and the state’s responsibility for national security. Cet article se penche sur la controverse qui entoure la légitime défense au sein de la communauté militaire internationale, quant à la légitimité du commandement de donner des ordres ayant pour effet, dans la pratique, de restreindre l’emploi de la force des soldats à des fins de légitime défense. Dans le cadre de cette controverse, certains soutiennent que la légitime défense des soldats est sacro-sainte d’un point de vue juridique et que ce droit doit toujours l’emporter sur toute restriction imposée par le commandement. Cet article cherche à déterminer si ce point de vue repose sur un fondement juridique. L’article conclut que non, et qu’une telle approche absolutiste dénature les origines théoriques et juridiques à la base de la légitime défense. Qui plus est, l’article met en garde qu’un raisonnement en de tels termes absolus pourrait en fait nuire à la sécurité des soldats, au lieu de l’améliorer, parce qu’il ne tient pas suffisamment compte de la longue tradition militaire d’ordres tels que «halte au feu», de l’importance de ces directives pour l’application ordonnée de la force militaire et pour l’efficacité militaire, et de l’interaction entre l’armée et la responsabilité de l’État pour la sécurité nationale. Dit artikel gaat in op wat is omschreven als de ‘voortdurende controverse over zelfverdediging’ binnen de internationale militaire gemeenschap over de legitimiteit van commandanten die bevelen uitvaardigen waarbij het gebruik van geweld door soldaten uit zelfverdediging praktisch wordt beperkt. Binnen deze controverse betogen sommigen dat de zelfverdediging van soldaten wettelijk onaantastbaar is, een recht dat altijd voorrang moet hebben op alle beperkingen die door het commando worden opgelegd. Dit artikel gaat na of er een wettelijke basis is voor dit standpunt. De conclusie is dat die er niet is en dat een dergelijke absolutistische benadering de theoretische en juridische grondslagen van zelfverdediging miskent. Bovendien waarschuwt het artikel dat een redenering in dergelijke absolute termen de veiligheid van de soldaten eerder zou kunnen aantasten dan bevorderen, doordat niet naar behoren rekening wordt gehouden met de gevestigde militaire traditie van bevelen zoals ‘staakt het vuren’-bevelen, het centrale belang van deze richtlijnen voor de bevolen toepassing van militair geweld en militaire doeltreffendheid, en de onderlinge relatie tussen het leger en de verantwoordelijkheid van de staat voor de nationale veiligheid. Este artículo aborda lo que se ha venido a llamar la ‘controversia existente en torno a la autodefensa’ dentro de la comunidad militar internacional sobre la legitimidad de los comandantes que emiten órdenes que tienen el efecto práctico de restringir el uso de la fuerza en defensa propia por parte de los soldados. Dentro de esta controversia, algunos argumentan que la autodefensa de los soldados es legalmente sacrosanta, un derecho que invariablemente debe prevalecer sobre cualquier restricción impuesta por el mando. Este artículo explora si existe alguna base legal para este punto de vista. Se llega a la conclusión de que no existe base alguna y que tal enfoque absolutista malinterpreta los orígenes teóricos y legales básicos de la autodefensa. A mayor abundamiento, el artículo advierte que el razonamiento en términos tan absolutos podría servir para devaluar, en lugar de promover, la seguridad de los soldados al no tener en cuenta adecuadamente la tradición militar inmemorial de órdenes como las órdenes de ‘mantener el fuego’, la importancia central de estas directivas para la aplicación ordenada de la fuerza militar y la eficacia militar, y la interrelación de las fuerzas armadas y la responsabilidad del Estado por la seguridad nacional. Questo articolo affronta quella che è stata descritta come la ‘continua controversia di autodifesa’ all'interno della comunità militare internazionale sulla legittimità dei comandanti che emettono ordini che hanno l'effetto pratico di limitare l'uso della forza da parte dei soldati nell'autodifesa. All'interno di questa controversia, alcuni sostengono che l'autodifesa dei soldati sia giuridicamente sacrosanta, un diritto che deve invariabilmente avere la precedenza su qualsiasi restrizione imposta dal comando. Questo articolo esamina se vi sia una base giuridica per questa interpretazione. Trova che non esiste, e che un tale approccio rigido fraintenda le origini teoriche e giuridiche di base di autodifesa. Inoltre, l'articolo ammonisce che ragionare in termini così assoluti potrebbe effettivamente sminuire piuttosto che promuovere la sicurezza dei soldati, non riuscendo a tenere adeguatamente conto della lunga tradizione militare di comandi come ‘non aprire il fuoco’, dell'importanza centrale di queste direttive per l'ordinata applicazione della forza militare e dell'efficacia militare e l'interrelazione tra la responsabilità militare e quella dello Stato per la sicurezza nazionale. Dieser Artikel befasst sich mit dem, was innerhalb der internationalen Militärgemeinschaft bezeichnet wird als ‘andauernde Selbstverteidigungskontroverse’ (‘ongoing self-defence controversy’) in Bezug auf die Legitimität von Befehlshabern, die Befehle erteilen, wobei die Gewaltanwendung aus Selbstverteidigung durch Soldaten praktisch beschränkt wird. Im Rahmen dieser Kontroverse argumentieren manche, dass die Selbstverteidigung von Soldaten rechtlich als sakrosankt gilt und dass dieses Recht immer vor jeder vom Kommando auferlegten Beschränkung Vorrang haben muss. Dieser Artikel prüft, ob es irgendeine gesetzliche Basis für diese Auffassung gibt. Der Autor stellt fest, dass dies nicht der Fall ist, und dass eine solche absolutistische Sichtweise die theoretischen und gesetzlichen Grundlagen der Selbstverteidigung verkennt. Darüber hinaus erteilt der Artikel eine Warnung, auf diese absolute Weise zu argumentieren könnte eigentlich dazu beitragen, die Sicherheit der Soldaten zu beeinträchtigen statt sie zu fördern, indem der althergebrachten militärischen Tradition von Befehlen, wie ‘Feuer einstellen’, der zentralen Bedeutung dieser Richtlinien für die geordnete Anwendung von Militärgewalt und für die Militäreffizienz sowie der Wechselbeziehung zwischen der Armee und der Verantwortung des Staates für die nationale Sicherheit nicht gebührendermaßen Rechnung getragen wird.
6
Koroleva, Т. М. „Formation and Development of Military Education and Military Training of Youth in Eastern Siberia“. Izvestiya of Altai State University, Nr. 2(112) (10.06.2020): 46–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.14258/izvasu(2020)2-07.
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The article deals with the formation and development of military education in Eastern Siberia. The author identifies and аnаlyzes the рrоblems faced by military schools during the Great Раtriоtic War and the роstwаr рeriоd. It includes evacuation, unsettled living conditions, lack of sufficient material and technical base for training future officers, etc. The аuthоr cоmes tо the cоnclusiоn thаt, despite аll the difficulties in the trаining оf militаry рrоfessiоnаls in Eаstern Siberiа а lоt оf wоrk was done to trаin quаlified militаry рersоnnel. In the most difficult conditions of wartime, without sleep, without food,with a meager educational and material base, reduced to the limit terms of training military educational institutions, the front was provided with well-trained and politically mature commanders. In the post-war period, military education develops and undergoes changes that were caused by the scientific and technical revolution and the revolution in military Affairs. Today it is necessary to continue to improve the system of military education. The complex geopolitical situation in the world requires special attention to military education and military training of the youth.
7
Lobo, J. Francisco. „The ‘capture or kill’ debate revisited: putting the ‘human’ back in ‘human enhancement of soldiers’“. Military Law and the Law of War Review 58, Nr. 1 (25.11.2020): 85–120. http://dx.doi.org/10.4337/mllwr.2020.01.04.
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This article revisits the cutting-edge ‘capture or kill’ debate in the field of IHL, offering a fresh outlook that reconstrues the notion of ‘human enhancement of soldiers’ from a normative standpoint. After sketching the debate and inquiring into its root causes, the article analyses the interplay between military necessity and humanity, in order to endow the latter with its own content drawing on the notions of military honour and human dignity. Finally, it presents a proposal for the moral education of soldiers during military training. Cet article revisite le débat moderne du « capturer ou tuer » dans le domaine du droit international humanitaire. Il propose une vision nouvelle qui réinterprète d’un point de vue normatif la notion d’amélioration des capacités humaines à des fins militaires. Après avoir initié le débat et recherché son origine, l’auteur analyse l’interaction entre nécessité militaire et humanité, afin de doter cette dernière de son propre contenu, en se basant sur les notions d’honneur militaire et de dignité humaine. Enfin, l’auteur formule une proposition d’éducation morale des militaires au cours de leur entraînement. In dit artikel wordt het toonaangevende debat over “gevangennemen of doden” op het gebied van het IHR herbekeken en wordt aan de hand van een nieuw perspectief het begrip 'mensverbetering van soldaten' geherinterpreteerd vanuit een normatief standpunt. Na het debat kort te hebben beschreven en de diepere oorzaken ervan te hebben onderzocht, analyseert het artikel de wisselwerking tussen militaire noodzaak en menselijkheid, om aan dit laatste begrip een eigen inhoud te geven die gebaseerd is op de begrippen militaire eer en menselijke waardigheid. Ten slotte wordt een voorstel gedaan voor de morele opvoeding van soldaten tijdens de militaire opleiding. El artículo aborda una vez más el afilado debate en torno a “captura o mata” en el ámbito del DIH, ofreciendo una visión renovada que vuelve a construir el concepto de “Realce Humano de los Soldados” desde una nueva perspectiva normativa. Tras examinar los presupuestos del debate e indagar sobre sus causas remotas, el artículo analiza la interacción entre necesidad militar y humanidad, con la finalidad de profundizar en esto último partiendo de la base de los conceptos de honor militar y dignidad humana. Por último, se presenta una propuesta a seguir en la educación moral de los soldados durante el periodo de formación. Questo articolo rivisita l’innovativo dibattito sul tema della ‘Cattura o Uccisione’ nel diritto internazionale umanitario, offrendo una nuova prospettiva che ricostruisce il concetto della ‘valorizzazione umana dei soldati’ da un punto di vista normativo. Dopo aver delineato il dibattito e indagato le sue cause alla radice, l’articolo analizza l’interazione tra necessità militare e umanità, al fine di dotare quest’ultima di elementi propri, attingendo alle nozioni di onore militare e dignità umana. Infine, presenta una proposta per l’educazione morale dei soldati durante l’addestramento militare. Dieser Artikel nimmt die brandaktuelle „gefangen nehmen oder töten“-Debatte im Bereich des humanitären Völkerrechts erneut unter die Lupe und bietet eine neue Perspektive, die den Begriff „Verbesserung der menschlichen Fähigkeiten für Militärzwecke“ aus normativem Standpunkt rekonstruiert. Nach einer Skizzierung der Debatte und einer Untersuchung ihrer Ursachen analysiert der Artikel das Zusammenspiel zwischen militärischer Notwendigkeit und Menschlichkeit, um letzterer einen eigenen Inhalt zu geben, der sich auf die Begriffe militärische Ehre und Menschenwürde stützt. Schließlich legt er einen Vorschlag zur moralischen Erziehung der Soldaten während der militärischen Ausbildung vor.
8
Bamidele, Seun. „The Resurgence of the Niger-Delta Avengers (ndas) Group in the Niger-Delta Region of Nigeria: Where Does the Economic Deprivation Lie?“ International Journal on Minority and Group Rights 24, Nr. 4 (03.11.2017): 537–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15718115-02404003.
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The region of Niger-Delta has been emerging as a danger zone for militants. The affected states and the federal government have responded to this threat with several strategies raging from the introduction of an amnesty programme to the deployment of security forces, which are dominated by efforts to improve military capabilities, with the aim to deter militancy in the region. Despite these efforts, the Niger-Delta Avengers (ndas) militant group has remained undeterred in the region. Beyond looking at the conventional military power reductionism of militancy in the Niger-Delta region, especially in Ogoniland, this study examines the ndas’ activities in the region. The motivations and capabilities for resurgence of ndas members in the Niger-Delta region are examined along the patterns of distribution of wealth of nations, institutional capacity and stability of the states in the region. The study examines the ndas’ groups in the region with special focus on issues of deprivation and marginalisation of the inhabitants of the region. The study recommends a comprehensive strategy against ndas militant groups in the region.
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Fernandez-Osorio, Andres Eduardo, Edna Jackeline Latorre Rojas und Nayiver Mayorga Zarta. „The 2018 Colombian Military Academy dataset“. Revista Científica General José María Córdova 16, Nr. 23 (30.06.2018): 147–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.21830/19006586.345.
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This article presents a data set of the population of military students, resulting from a sociological study completed at the Colombian Military Academy (Escuela Militar de Cadetes General Jose Maria Cordova - ESMIC). By analyzing perceptions and attitudes of ESMIC’s students in six areas, namely, socio-demographic characteristics; professional behavior; social patterns; military values; civil-military relations; and integration of women in the military, this data set aims to provide scientific information to assist in the design, implementation, and effectiveness of the National Army of Colombia’s policies.
10
Zaverucha, Jorge. „Military Justice in the State of Pernambuco After the Brazilian Military Regime: An Authoritarian Legacy“. Latin American Research Review 34, Nr. 2 (1999): 43–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0023879100038577.
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AbstractThis article is based on research conducted in the archives of the Auditoria Militar do Estado de Pernambuco. It substantiates the violation of the basic principle of equality before the law resulting from the existence in Brazil of two different court systems—one civil and the other military—with varying legal proceedings and sentences for similar crimes committed by civilian police and military police. The article reviews how the authoritarian regime enlarged the scope of military jurisdiction, a situation little changed more than a decade after the authoritarian regime ended. The article also shows that the Justiça Militar do Estado de Pernambuco functions in a hybrid manner. It is an agency of the civil judicial branch, but most of the judges are military, while the lawyers are civilians and the trials are conducted by the Ministério Público. Thus the military police can influence the outcome of judgments without having to assume the burden of rendering decisions because the final responsibility rests with the civil judicial branch. Finally, the article highlights the incompatibility between the continuation of this kind of military justice and a democracy seeking consolidation.
Dissertationen zum Thema "Military":
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Santos, Carlos Alberto Miranda. „Justiça restaurativa e justiça militar estadual: uma possibilidade à luz da teoria da justiça de John Rawls“. Faculdade de Direito, 2018. http://repositorio.ufba.br/ri/handle/ri/28412.
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O objetivo desta tese é enfrentar o seguinte problema: há possibilidade de aplicação dos mecanismos consensuais e restaurativos na Justiça Militar Estadual? Existe uma série de pressupostos que apontam para a impossibilidade de aplicação desses novos modelos alternativos na Justiça Militar dos estados; dentre os quais se destacam a hierarquia e a disciplina como princípios que garantem a regularidade das instituições militares. Ocorre que os princípios constitucionais fundamentais ao exercício da plena cidadania no Estado Democrático de Direito deve servir de parâmetro para toda legislação pátria, inclusive a legislação militar. Além disso, a atividade de segurança pública, sendo exercida diretamente na sociedade, demanda um tratamento diferenciado ao policial militar. Por outro lado, nota-se uma crescente e inevitável demanda pela aplicabilidade da justiça restaurativa e, mais uma vez, a figura do policial militar somente aparece como agente de fomentação desse novo paradigma, assim como ocorre na mediação como “carro chefe” da filosofia do policiamento comunitário. Ao problema de tese formulado, levanta-se a hipótese – ao final confirmada - de que os militares dos estados podem ser beneficiários da justiça restaurativa e dos mecanismos consensuais em respeito aos princípios constitucionais fundamentais para o exercício pleno da cidadania no Estado Democrático de Direito. Entendimento lastreado em sua atividade de segurança pública que não se relaciona com a ideologia militar que lhes fora outorgada, posto que: a) o fato das Polícias Militares dos estados serem constitucionalmente previstas como força auxiliar e reserva do exército não é suficiente para que lhes sejam vedadas garantias e direitos constitucionais fundamentais; b) a hierarquia e disciplina não são exclusivas das corporações militares, portanto não são justificativas para vedação de institutos despenalizadores e/ou mecanismos consensuais na esfera policial militar. No entanto, elas representam conteúdos simbólicos repletos de valores e princípios que reforçam sofismas que permeiam o Direito Militar; c) os policiais militares, apesar de possuírem estética militar, têm seu mister profissional voltado para segurança pública como atividade de caráter civil, não guardando semelhança com a atividade fim das Forças Armadas; d) as justificativas utilizadas para o impedimento da aplicação dos benefícios de uma justiça consensuada aos policiais militares têm essência cultural e ideológica, resultando em constantes injustiças para esses profissionais de segurança pública; e) os entraves causados pela ideologia militar podem ser superados por meio de um acordo que mitigue o status social da categoria. No tocante às questões de viés metodológico, ressaltam-se o uso da vertente teórica jurídico-dogmática e do raciocínio hipotético-dedutivo. No campo procedimental, a tese se vale, especialmente, de literatura direta ou transversal à temática, bem como de dados do Judiciário Militar do Estado de Minas Gerais. Por fim, a hipótese de pesquisa levantada é corroborada e desenvolvida em termos conclusivos.
The purpose of this thesis is to address the following problem: is there a possibility of applying consensual and restorative mechanisms in the State Military Justice? There are a number of assumptions that point to the impossibility of applying these new alternative models in the military justice of the states; among which stand out the hierarchy and discipline as principles that guarantee the regularity of military institutions. It follows that the constitutional principles fundamental to the exercise of full citizenship in the Democratic State of Law should serve as a parameter for all domestic legislation, including military legislation. In addition, the public security activity, being carried out directly in the society, demands a differential treatment to the military policeman. On the other hand, there is a growing and inevitable demand for the applicability of restorative justice, and once again the figure of the military police officer only appears as an agent for fomenting this new paradigm, just as it occurs in mediation as “ “Of the philosophy of community policing. To the problem of the thesis formulated, the hypothesis - finally confirmed - arises that the military of the states can be beneficiaries of the Restorative Justice and the consensual mechanisms in respect to the constitutional principles fundamental for the full exercise of the citizenship in the Democratic State of Right. This understanding is based on their public security activity, which is not related to the military ideology granted to them, since: a) the fact that the military police of the states are constitutionally foreseen as an auxiliary force and reserve of the army is not enough to ensure that they are guaranteed fundamental constitutional rights and guarantees; b) hierarchy and discipline are not exclusive to military corporations, therefore they are not justifications for the prohibition of decriminalizing institutes and / or consensual mechanisms in the military police sphere. However, they represent symbolic contents replete with values and principles that reinforce sophisms that permeate Military Law; c) military police officers, despite possessing military aesthetics, have their professional mission turned to public safety as a civil activity, not keeping a resemblance to the activity of the Armed Forces; d) the justifications used to prevent the application of the benefits of a consensual justice to the military police have a cultural and ideological essence, resulting in constant injustice to these public security professionals; e) the obstacles caused by military ideology can be overcome by means of an agreement that mitigates the social status of the category. Regarding the questions of methodological bias, the use of the legal-dogmatic theoretical and deductive hypothetical reasoning is emphasized. In the procedural field, the thesis is based, in particular, on direct or transversal literature, as well as data from the Military Judiciary of the State of Minas Gerais. Finally, the research hypothesis raised is corroborated and developed in conclusive terms.
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Loureiro, Samuel Robes. „A invenção da Academia de Polícia Militar (1809-1958)“. Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2017. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/20256.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
This thesis examines the ways in which the histories of the Military School of Realengo (EMR), the Military Police Academy of Barro Branco (APMBB) and the Officers’ Training School (EFO) of the Military Police of the Federal District (PMDF) are interwoven. The main objective was to uncover the process of the creation and consolidation of a particular military school model present throughout the country: Military Police Academies (APMs). The research sought to prove the hypothesis that the APM prototype would have resulted from a mixture of the curriculum of the professional course of the PMDF, created in 1920, and the traditions invented by the José Pessoa reform in the EMR, between 1931 and 1934, and also that the first school which underwent this transformation was the APMBB, between 1935 and 1938. From there, the model would have been disseminated to all Brazilian Military Police (PMs), including the PMDF itself. The research advances studies in the history of school institutions and educational intellectuals, with an emphasis on the processes of the invention of traditions, the reformulation of curricula, and the history of school subjects. Starting from a criticism of the theoretical-methodological reference of Althusserian structuralism, the work references ideas such as Thompson's notion of experience, Hobsbawm’s invention of tradition, and the meaning of the term intellectual as attributed by Sirinelli. This reference was supplemented by notions from Anthropology like Gilberto Velho's “field of possibilities” and Celso Castro's “military spirit”. Specific references from the history of education also provided support for the research, including notions of curriculum from Goodson, Forquin, Sacristan and Circe Bittencourt, as well as Cherval's ideas about the history of school subjects. As research involving the invention of traditions, the origins and the stabilization of these traditions were examined, which involved taking a historical cross-section covering the founding of the Military Division of the Royal Guard of Police in 1809 to the consolidation, in 1958, of the ceremony in which the cadets receive their swords in the EFO of the PMDF. For this purpose, an investigation of a variety of sources was necessary: personal archives, official documents, legislation, archives of materials, press, among others. It was possible to conclude that that the APMs were an invention of Brazilian army officers who adapted the traditions idealized for the EMR between 1931 and 1934 and the curriculum of the PMDF’s professional course from 1920. They created a new type of military school that was established in São Paulo at the APMBB between 1935 and 1938, and then disseminated throughout the country. The purpose of this invention would be to facilitate the transformation of state military forces into MPs, the army’s reserve and auxiliary force. However, such a standard was not imposed on state military forces, it was desired; and the companies not only assimilated but improved this new type of military school. As a result, state military forces became PMs, the army's reserve force, in order to survive the imminent threat of extinction after the Revolution of 1930 and the end of the governors' policies
A presente tese estuda as imbricações entre as histórias da Escola Militar do Realengo (EMR), da Academia de Polícia Militar do Barro Branco (APMBB) e da Escola de Formação de Oficiais (EsFO) da Polícia Militar do Distrito Federal (PMDF). O principal objetivo foi desvendar o processo de gênese e consolidação de um modelo específico de escola militar presente em todo o país: as Academias de Polícia Militar (APMs). Buscou-se comprovar a hipótese de que o protótipo de APM seria resultante de um amálgama entre os currículos do curso profissional da PMDF, criado em 1920, e as tradições inventadas pela reforma José Pessoa na EMR, entre 1931 e 1934, e que a primeira escola que sofreu essa transformação foi a APMBB, entre 1935 e 1938. A partir dela, o modelo teria sido disseminado para todas as Polícias Militares (PMs) do Brasil, incluindo a própria PMDF. A pesquisa avança nos estudos da história das instituições escolares e dos intelectuais da educação, com ênfase nos processos de invenção das tradições, reformulação de currículo e na história das disciplinas escolares. A partir da crítica ao referencial teórico e metodológico do estruturalismo althusseriano, foram utilizados referenciais como a noção de experiência de Thompson, o processo de invenção das tradições de Hobsbawm e a acepção de intelectual de Sirinelli. Esse referencial foi complementado por noções da Antropologia, como o “campo de possibilidades” de Gilberto Velho e o “espírito militar” de Celso Castro. Deram suporte ainda referenciais específicos da história da educação, como as noções de currículo de Goodson, Forquin, Sacristán e Circe Bittencourt, e as ideias sobre história das disciplinas escolares de Chervel. Por tratar-se de uma pesquisa que envolve a invenção de tradições, foram examinadas as origens e a estabilização dessas mesmas tradições, o que implicou um recorte histórico que englobou desde a fundação da Divisão Militar da Guarda Real de Polícia, em 1809, até a consolidação da solenidade de entrega de espadins na EsFO da PMDF, em 1958. Para tal, foi necessária a investigação em diversos tipos de fontes, como arquivos pessoais, documentos oficiais, legislação, acervo material, imprensa, entre outros. Pudemos concluir que as APMs foram uma invenção de oficiais do Exército brasileiro que adaptaram as tradições idealizadas para a EMR, entre 1931 e 1934, e os currículos do curso profissional da PMDF de 1920. Com isso, criaram um novo tipo de escola militar que foi implementado em São Paulo, na APMBB, entre 1935 e 1938, depois disseminado para o país. O objetivo dessa invenção seria facilitar a transformação das forças militares estaduais em PMs, força reserva e auxiliar do Exército. Porém, tal padrão não foi imposto às forças militares estaduais, foi desejado, e as corporações não só assimilaram como aprimoraram esse novo tipo de escola militar. Com isso, as forças militares estaduais transformaram-se em PMs, força reserva do Exército, visando sobreviver à ameaça iminente de extinção após a Revolução de 1930 e o fim da política dos governadores
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Silva, Edson Nalon. „A defesa no processo penal militar“. Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2010. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/5444.
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Previous issue date: 2010-11-17Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
After almost twenty years of active service in the Military Police of São Paulo before a shortage of doctrine of Military Criminal Procedure, we believe it is necessary to deal with some aspects of the Military Law, as the history of Military Justice in Brazil and São Paulo, the Constitutional Principles guiding the Criminal Procedure and the Military Penal Procedure, the composition of the State Military Justice, the jurisdiction of the Military Judicial Police, but, above all and mainly, discuss the legal and military criminal defense in the Military Penal Procedure, highlighting themes rarely visited by academic researchers, such as types of defense, rights of the accused, bail and parole, kinds of resources, defense in Military Administrative Law, crime of desertion and defense of the deserter, knowing some types of prisons under military criminal law and the issue of defense in the Military Police Inquiry
Após quase vinte anos de serviço ativo na Milícia Bandeirante paulista e diante de uma escassez de doutrina no Processo Penal Militar, entendemos ser necessário tratar de alguns aspectos da Lei Castrense, como o histórico da Justiça Militar no Brasil e em São Paulo, os Princípios Constitucionais orientadores do Processo Penal e do Processo Penal Militar, a composição da Justiça Militar Estadual, a competência da Polícia Judiciária Militar, mas, acima de tudo e principalmente, discutir o bem jurídico penal militar e a defesa no Processo Penal Militar, destacando temas pouco visitados pelos pesquisadores acadêmicos, como espécies de defesa, direitos do acusado, a fiança e a liberdade provisória, espécies de recursos, a defesa no Direito Administrativo Militar, o crime de deserção e a defesa do desertor, conhecer alguns tipos de prisões previstas na legislação penal militar e a questão da defesa no Inquérito Policial Militar
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Salas, Andrew E. „U.S. - Mexico military to military cooperation revisited“. Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2003. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion-image/03Jun%5FSalas.pdf.
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Thesis (M.A. in International Security and Civil-Military Relations)--Naval Postgraduate School, June 2003.Thesis advisor(s): Harold Trinkunas, Jeanne Giraldo. Includes bibliographical references (p. 61-64). Also available online.
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Costa, Daniela Filipa Gomes da. „Fatores condicionantes do planeamento por capacidades militares e impacto na programação do investimento da Força Aérea Portuguesa“. Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/16647.
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Mestrado em Contabilidade, Fiscalidade e Finanças EmpresariaisEste estudo pretende identificar os fatores que condicionam o Planeamento Baseado em Capacidades (PBC) militares, com influência na programação dos investimentos da Força Aérea Portuguesa (FAP), bem como os fatores que afetam a eficiência dos processos internos. Com este objetivo, foram recolhidos dados por triangulação, sendo a amostra constituída por 18 entrevistados, militares e ex-militares. Os resultados sugerem algumas deficiências na pragmatização do PBC que resultam do efeito sinérgico entre fatores estruturais, conjunturais, doutrinários, falhas em ferramentas e metodologias, indicando que o modelo implementado terá de evoluir para configurar um PBC como definido concetualmente. As disfuncionalidades e/ou insuficiências em metodologias e ferramentas tendem a gerar soluções ad hoc e a distorcer a racionalidade do planeamento. Os dados também apontam para a inexistência de um efetivo mecanismo de avaliação que não tem possibilitado incorporar as lições aprendidas. Outras questões identificadas foram a coexistência de sistemas de gestão e a excessiva rotação dos Recursos Humanos que colocam limitações ao acesso de Recursos de Informação. O estudo permite, ainda, aferir restrições persistentes em Recursos Materiais e Recursos Financeiros, evidenciando uma programação do investimento de curto prazo, num quadro de marcada restrição de recursos. A análise aos processos da FAP indica que a prestação de contas tem sido influenciada por uma utilização insuficiente da plataforma de gestão de projetos, parcialmente afetada pelo reduzido número de efetivos e escassa formação e por apoiar as atividades num modelo de organização do trabalho que fragmenta a informação.
This study seeks to determine the factors that limit the Military Capability Based-Planning (CBP), which in turn, influence the programming of the Portuguese Air Force (PAF) investments, as well as the factors that have an effect on the efficiency of the internal processes. For this purpose, data was collected by triangulation. The sample consisted of 18 interviewed, military and ex-military personnel. The results suggest some shortcomings in the materialization of CBP, which result from a synergistic effect between structural, conjunctural, doctrinal, flaws in toolset and methodologies, indicating that the implemented model will have to evolve, in order to configure a CBP as conceptually defined. The dysfunctionalities in methodologies and tools tend to generate ad hoc solutions and to skew the logic behind the planning. The data also indicates the lack of an effective evaluation mechanism of the CBP, which makes it impossible to incorporate the lessons learned. Other issues identified were the coexistence of management systems and excessive rotation of Human Resources, which appear to limit access to Information Resources. The study also allows to determine persistent restrictions in Material Resources, and Financial Resources, showing a schedule of investment on a short-term, within a framework of marked resource constraints. The analysis of the processes of the PAF indicates that the external reporting has been influenced by an insufficient use of the project management platform, partially affected by the lack of Human Resources and training, and by supporting its activities in a model of work organization, that fragments the information.
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
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Ashraf, Sarah. „Of military and militancy : praetorianism and Islam in Pakistan“. Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2018. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3778/.
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This thesis examines the emergence of praetorianism in Pakistan and its relationship with militant Islamism from the establishment of Pakistan since independence in 1947. It analyses the evolution of civil-military relations in Pakistan, paying particular attention to the processes of state construction, inherent weaknesses of the country’s political and economic institutions, impact of significant regional events such as the Soviet-Afghan war, and chronic hostility with India. It focuses specifically on how these aspects of Pakistan’s historical experience impacted firstly, the phenomenon of military interventionism and, secondly, its evolving relationship with militant Islamism. This thesis also seeks to demystify the controversial relationship between the Pakistani military and Islamist militancy through a historically and conceptually grounded analysis. It does so by exploring the interface between praetorianism and militant Islamism in Pakistan through the lens of path dependency within a conceptual framework derived from historical institutionalism. Here it looks at the persistence of patterns in the course of the country’s institutional development as a reflection of the role of key players, their interests and strategies and the distribution of power amongst them. It factors in ideas of critical junctures, historical causation and increasing returns, to help to foment a deeper understanding of praetorianism and its evolving association with Islamism over time. Finally, it examines the constraints placed by Islamists, a combination of religiopolitical parties and militant groups, on the military’s expanding practical and political influence within the state. By bringing to light the historical role accorded to religious ideology within the Pakistani polity, it analyses the codification of a pervasive Islamist discourse within domestic and foreign policy. It reveals how powerful military regimes adopted and intensified the recourse to Islamism to augment their strategic and institutional ambitions, but in doing so were handicapped by this very dependence. Taken together the insights gleaned from this approach sets the thesis apart from the bulk of scholarship on civil-military relations in Pakistan, which has to date focused upon the overarching idea of military as a colossus or hegemon with few limitations on its power. This thesis advances two key arguments. First, it argues that the rise and entrenchment of praetorianism in Pakistan was based essentially upon the pathdependent trajectory of civil-military relations, incorporating Islamism as a selfreinforcing feature, to meet political, administrative and strategic needs. Second, it posits that this dependence in the long run served to limit the military’s power and influence over the state. By essentially re-contextualising the understanding of civil-military relations in Pakistan and situating the issue of Islamist militancy within this framework therefore, this thesis provides fresh insights on the contentious relationship between the Pakistani military and Islamist militancy.
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Bohrer, Shawn A. „Military-media relationships : identifying and mitigating military-media biases to improve future military operations“. Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2003. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion-image/03Mar%5FBohrer.pdf.
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Thesis (M.S. in Information Systems and Operations)--Naval Postgraduate School, March 2003.Thesis advisor(s): Steven J. Iatrou, Karen Guttieri. Includes bibliographical references (p. 67-68). Also available online.
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Haynes, Peter D. „American culture, military services' cultures, and military strategy“. Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 1998. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA359941.
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Thesis (M.A. in National Security Affairs) Naval Postgraduate School, December 1998."December 1998," Thesis advisor(s): James J. Wirtz. Includes bibliographical references (p. 115-122). Also available online.
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Krishnan, Armin. „Military privatisation and the revolution in military affairs“. Thesis, University of Salford, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.492403.
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This thesis examines the connection between technological change and military privatisation, which includes the privatisation of military assets, as well as the outsourcing of services from the armed forces to the private sector. The main argument is that increasing technological complexity of military equipment in the information age has led to an increasing reliance of the armed forces on private companies in respect to maintaining, managing, and even operating military equipment and networks. The armed forces lack already the competence and the resources for carrying out many important tasks including research, training, and operational support services.
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França, Lilian Silva de. „A luta das enfermeiras por um espaço na FAB: a turma pioneira de oficiais (1981-1984)“. Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2010. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=2606.
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Este estudo, de cunho histórico-social, tem como objeto a inserção de enfermeiras como oficiais da Força Aérea Brasileira (FAB) por meio do pioneiro Quadro Feminino de Oficiais (QFO). O marco inicial do estudo refere-se ao início do Estágio de Adaptação militar, em 02 de agosto de 1982 no Centro de Instrução Especializada da Aeronáutica (CIEAR), localizado na cidade do Rio de Janeiro. O marco final do estudo diz respeito ao término do período inicial obrigatório de dois anos de cumprimento de serviço ativo dessas enfermeiras, que culminou com a promoção das mesmas ao posto de 1Tenente (1984). Os objetivos do estudo são: descrever as circunstâncias de inserção das enfermeiras no processo seletivo do QFO, analisar o processo de incorporação do habitus militar durante o Estágio de Adaptação, e discutir as estratégias de luta das enfermeiras militares para ocuparem seus lugares devidos nos hospitais da FAB. A técnica de coleta de dados utilizada foi a entrevista e ocorreu no período de abril a maio de 2009 em hospitais da FAB da cidade do Rio de Janeiro. Foram entrevistadas cinco enfermeiras militares da primeira turma do QFO. O estudo foi cadastrado no SISNEP e aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética da FAB. Todos os sujeitos assinaram o Termo de consentimento livre e esclarecido e o Termo de doação de depoimento oral. O método utilizado foi o da História oral temática o referencial teórico do estudo foi baseado no pensamento do sociólogo francês Pierre Bourdieu, cujos conceitos de poder simbólico, habitus, campo, espaço social e violência simbólica sustentaram a construção desta dissertação. Para a análise e interpretação dos dados, seguimos os passos propostos por Maria Cecília Minayo de ordenação de dados, que compreendeu a transcrição na íntegra dos depoimentos; classificação cronológica e temática dos documentos escritos; classificação dos dados e a análise final. Evidenciou-se que diversos motivos incentivaram as enfermeiras a almejarem sua inserção na FAB como a boa remuneração, estabilidade financeira, progressão profissional, desbravamento de um novo campo de trabalho, clientela diferenciada, aposentadoria com salário integral e pioneirismo na FAB. O objetivo do Estágio de Adaptação militar foi inculcar do habitus militar nas candidatas a partir de ensinamentos baseados na hierarquia, disciplina, ética, dever e compromisso militar. Ao se inserirem nos hospitais da FAB, as enfermeiras receberam diversos cargos e funções, galgando um poder simbólico sobre a equipe de enfermagem. As inevitáveis lutas simbólicas dessas enfermeiras ocorreram com os médicos militares, com a equipe de enfermagem, com as enfermeiras civis e com a própria administração do hospital, e revelaram aspectos característicos de violência simbólica desencadeada por lutas de gênero e pela manutenção do poder, visto que as enfermeiras, dotadas de status de chefe e de militar, se inseriram num campo eminentemente masculino.This study, historical-social, has as its object the inclusion of nurses as officers of the Brazilian Air Force (FAB) by the pioneer Table Female Officers (QFO). The first milestone in the study refers to the start of Stage Adaptation military on August 02th, 1982 in Center for Specialized Instruction Air Force (CIEAR), located in Rio de Janeiro. The final conquest of the study relates to the expiration of the initial mandatory two years of active service with these nurses, which led to the promotion of same to the rank of 1st Lt. (1984). The study aims to describe the circumstances of the nurses integration in the selection process of the QFO, analyze the process of incorporation of military habitus during Stage Adaptation, and discuss strategies to fight of the military to occupy their proper places in the FAB hospitals. The technique of data collection used was the interview and took place between April and May 2009 in hospital of FAB in the city of Rio de Janeiro. Five nurses from military first group of QFO were interviewed. The study was registered in SISNEP and approved by the Ethics Committee of FAB. All subjects signed the informed consent and donation term oral testimony. The method used was thematic oral history of the theoretical study was based on the thought of French sociologist Pierre Bourdieu, whose concept of symbolic power, habitus, field, social space and symbolic violence claimed the construction of this dissertation. For the analysis and interpretation of data, we follow the steps proposed by Maria Cecilia Minayo sort of data, which comprised the full transcript of testimony, chronological and thematic classification of the written documents, data classification and the final analysis. It was found that various reasons have encouraged nurses to aim their insertion in the FAB as good pay, financial stability, professional development, clearing a new field, distinguished clientele, retirement with full pay and pioneer in FAB. The goal of the adaptation was to inculcate the military habitus in military candidates from teachings based on hierarchy, discipline, ethics, duty and military commitment . When they entered in FAB hospitals, the nurses received a variety of positions and functions, climbing a symbolic power of the nursing staff. The inevitable symbolic struggles of nurses occurred with military doctors, with the nursing staff, with nurses and civilians, with proper administration of the hospital, and showed the characteristic features of symbolic violence triggered by gender struggles and maintaining power, as nurses, with their status as military chief and, inserted in a predominantly male field.
Bücher zum Thema "Military":
1
Bell-Rehwoldt, Sheri. Military. San Diego, Calif: Lucent Books, 2005.
2
Morrison, Jessica. Military. New York: AV2 by Weigl, 2011.
3
Grayson, Robert. Military. New York: Marshall Cavendish Benchmark, 2010.
4
Jones, Ken. Military modelling guide to military modelling. London, England: Argus Books, 1987.
5
L, Chibber M. Military leadership to prevent military coup. New Delhi: Lancer International, 1986.
6
Record, Jeffrey. Beyond military reform: American military dilemmas. Washington: Pergamon-Brassey's, 1987.
7
Siddiqa-Agha, Ayesha. Military Inc.: Inside Pakistan's military economy. London: Pluto Press, 2007.
8
David, Charters, Milner Marc und Wilson J. Brent, Hrsg. Military history and the military profession. Westport, Conn: Praeger, 1992.
9
Morton, Desmond. A military history of Canada. 5. Aufl. Toronto: McClelland & Stewart, 2007.
10
Morton, Desmond. A military history of Canada. Edmonton: Hurtig, 1990.
Buchteile zum Thema "Military":
1
Reed, John R. „Military“. In A New Companion to Victorian Literature and Culture, 186–96. Oxford, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118624432.ch13.
2
Konyshev, Valery, und Alexander Sergunin. „Military“. In Routledge Handbook of Russian Foreign Policy, 168–81. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2018.: Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315536934-12.
3
Smith, Duncan. „Military“. In Contributions to Finance and Accounting, 295–306. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-10063-5_10.
4
Mackinnon, Alex, und Barnaby Powell. „Military“. In China Counting, 129–35. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230251038_10.
5
Reed, John R. „Military“. In A Companion to Victorian Literature and Culture, 183–93. Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781405165358.ch13.
6
Pion-Berlin, David. „Military“. In The Routledge Handbook to the Political Economy and Governance of the Americas, 393–404. Abingdon, Oxon; New York, NY: Routledge, 2020.: Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781351138444-40.
7
Biesold, K. H., P. Zimmermann und K. Barre. „Military“. In Trauma Sequelae, 441–59. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-64057-9_24.
8
Biesold, K. H., P. Zimmermann und K. Barre. „Military“. In Trauma Sequelae, 441–59. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-64057-9_24.
9
Eldem, Tuba. „Military Coups and Military Disengagement“. In Global Encyclopedia of Public Administration, Public Policy, and Governance, 1–7. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-31816-5_4171-1.
10
Eldem, Tuba. „Military Coups and Military Disengagement“. In Global Encyclopedia of Public Administration, Public Policy, and Governance, 1–7. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-31816-5_4171-2.
Konferenzberichte zum Thema "Military":
1
„Historical Origins of Military Sports in Yunnan Military Academy and Whampoa Military Academy“. In 2018 2nd International Conference on Innovations in Economic Management and Social Science. Clausius Scientific Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.23977/iemss.2018.91423.
2
Balina, T. N. „Directions of adaptation of military personnel to military service“. In INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC AND PRACTICAL ONLINE CONFERENCE. Знание-М, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.38006/907345-50-8.2020.368.379.
Annotation:
The paper considers psychological adaptation in the conditions of military service. The author argues that adaptation to a new social role, a new professional environment, and military relations requires a person to mobilize all his adaptive resources and developed self-regulation skills. As the main indicators of readiness for psychological adaptation, the adaptation experience of a serviceman in the pre-conscription period and psychological resistance to adaptation processes are considered. An indicator of psychological adaptation in the narrow sense of the word is the quality of the military personnel’s development of a military accounting specialty. As a result of psychological diagnostics and analysis of adaptive indicators of the subjects, all participants of the study were divided into three groups. The first group of military personnel needs additional time to fully master the military accounting specialty, because they have problems with psychological readiness to learn new types of activities, and they perceive the service situation as stressful and impossible for them. The second group includes military personnel who have shown a high level of development of military accounting specialty, but have insufficient psychological ability to adapt and have not had extensive experience of social adaptation in civilian life. The third group includes military personnel who demonstrate a high level of development of military accounting specialty in the initial period of military service. Recommendations on adaptation have been developed for each group, which are presented as a threelevel model of psychological adaptation of military personnel to the conditions of military service. The model is a complex of organizational, psychological, educational and professional activities aimed at the development of personal qualities of military personnel that contribute to improving the level of adaptive development. The implementation of the proposed model allows you to build working relationships in the military team; to form a belief in the need to improve the quality of knowledge for successful military professional activities; to successfully perform their professional military duties; to implement personal adaptation resources.
3
Maltare, Nilesh, Aditya Parasrampuria und Sachin Patel. „Exploiting UML to model military organisation and military behaviour“. In 2010 3rd IEEE International Conference on Computer Science and Information Technology (ICCSIT 2010). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccsit.2010.5565044.
4
Cai, Fei, Pengfei Zhang und Yanxiang Ling. „Integrated Military and Civilian Education Training of Military Talents“. In 2020 5th International Conference on Modern Management and Education Technology (MMET 2020). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.201023.069.
5
Deal, John C. „Military keynote address“. In 2007 Winter Simulation Conference. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/wsc.2007.4419735.
6
Russell, B. J. „Military Hovercraft Worldwide“. In Warship 2013: Minor Warships. RINA, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.3940/rina.ws.2013.09.
7
Corcoran, Anthony M. „1706 Military medicine“. In 32nd Triennial Congress of the International Commission on Occupational Health (ICOH), Dublin, Ireland, 29th April to 4th May 2018. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/oemed-2018-icohabstracts.1068.
8
Hu, Yiqun, Shujie Jia und Zhao Luan. „Failure Military Arrangement“. In 2021 4th International Conference on Humanities Education and Social Sciences (ICHESS 2021). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.211220.448.
9
HALL, JS. „MILITARY AIRCRAFT NOISE“. In Military Aircraft Noise 1990. Institute of Acoustics, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.25144/21564.
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Comicho, Bianca. „Military Life Challenges Among Military Spouses: Implications for Future Interventions“. In The Asian Conference on Psychology & the Behavioral Sciences 2023. The International Academic Forum(IAFOR), 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.22492/issn.2187-4743.2023.16.
Berichte der Organisationen zum Thema "Military":
1
DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE WASHINGTON DC. Military Standard: Military Training Programs. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, Dezember 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada283638.
2
Moskos, Charles. International Military Education and Multinational Military Cooperation. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, Januar 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada419747.
3
JOINT CHIEFS OF STAFF WASHINGTON DC. Military Deception. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, Juli 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada498865.
4
Prim, David F. Military Suicide. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, Mai 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada178125.
5
Ya'ari, Yedidiah. Military Responsibility. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, Mai 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada199019.
6
Galvin, Thomas P. Military Preparedness. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, August 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ad1001715.
7
Benmelech, Efraim, und Carola Frydman. Military CEOs. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, Januar 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w19782.
8
Van Loan, Marta. Body Composition in Military or Military Eligible Women. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, Juli 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada373947.
9
Conway, Joan M., Marta D. Van Loan und James A. Hodgdon. Body Composition in Military or Military Eligible Women. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, Februar 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada346710.
10
Deal, Brian M., Diane M. Timlin und William D. Goran. Urban Encroachment of Military Lands: Military Installations at Risk. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, Januar 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada401147.