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Viamonte Garrido, Yoan Israel. „La inteligencia científico-tecnológica para el desarrollo y la seguridad geoeconómica latinoamericana/ The scientific-technological intelligence for development and the Latin American geoeconomic security“. URVIO - Revista Latinoamericana de Estudios de Seguridad, Nr. 21 (13.11.2017): 207. http://dx.doi.org/10.17141/urvio.21.2017.2850.
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Las agendas de seguridad e inteligencia latinoamericanas se han centrado casi exclusivamente al tratamiento de los temas clásicos de la Seguridad en sus dimensiones político-militar y policíaco-criminalística. Sin embargo, una dimensión, con creciente importancia estratégica, como es una agenda de seguridad geoeconómica con un mecanismo de inteligencia científica y tecnológica, orientado al desarrollo a través de Sistemas Nacionales de Innovación, ha sido ignorada hasta hoy. En el presente trabajo se propone tanto un modelo como un concepto de Inteligencia Científica y Tecnológica para el Desarrollo (ICTD) dentro de una agenda de seguridad geoeconómica.
Abstract
The Latin American Security and Intelligence agendas have been focused almost exclusively on the treatment of the classic themes of Security in its political – military and police – criminalistics dimensions. However, another dimension with increasing strategic importance such as a Geo-economics Security agenda with a Scientific and Technological Intelligence mechanism oriented to Development through National Systems of Innovation have been ignored until today. In the present paper, both a model and a concept of Scientific and Technological Intelligence for Development (STID) within a Geo-economics Security agenda it´s produced.
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Piątkowski, Mateusz. „The markings of military aircraft under the law of aerial warfare“. Military Law and the Law of War Review 58, Nr. 1 (25.11.2020): 63–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4337/mllwr.2020.01.03.
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The breakthrough innovation of the Wright brothers in 1903 and subsequent developments of aerial technology created significant opportunities for the military, as a new dimension of warfare became an operational space of combat. Many legal questions arise, including the status of air machines deployed by the freshly formed independent air detachments before the outbreak of World War I. From the operational and legal viewpoint, both state practice and international law experts agreed that in order to receive a status similar to warships under the law of naval warfare, military aircraft should bear distinctive insignia, indicating their military character and nationality. This article’s aim is to present the origins and evolution of the military markings and their legal significance, as a core element of the military aircraft definition. It needs to be emphasized that only aircraft considered as military can perform acts of hostility and exercise the specific rights granted by the law of air warfare. The analysis will refer to practical challenges for maintaining the classical rule of air warfare, such as the exact location of the markings on the aircraft surfaces, low-visibility insignia (as a way to reconcile legal and operational demands) and the question of relevance of the duty to mark military aircraft in the context of unmanned air platforms. L’innovation qui a fait connaître les frères Wright en 1903 ainsi que les développements consécutifs dans la technologie aéronautique ont créé de réelles opportunités pour le secteur militaire, alors qu’une nouvelle dimension de la guerre est devenue un espace opérationnel de combat. Cette évolution fait naître de nombreuses questions juridiques, dont le statut des aéronefs déployés par les détachements aériens indépendants formés peu avant l’éclatement de la Première Guerre mondiale. D’un point de vue opérationnel et légal, la pratique étatique et les experts juridiques internationaux s’accordent sur le fait que les aéronefs militaires devraient avoir des insignes distinctifs indiquant leur caractère militaire et leur nationalité, afin qu’ils se voient attribuer un statut similaire à celui des navires de guerre en vertu du droit de la guerre navale. Cet article a pour but de présenter les origines et l’évolution du marquage militaire ainsi que sa signification juridique, en tant qu’élément essentiel de la définition d’un aéronef militaire. Soulignons le fait que seul un aéronef considéré comme militaire peut mener des actes hostiles et exercer les droits particuliers octroyés en vertu du droit de la guerre aérienne. L’analyse fait référence à des défis d’ordre pratique pour maintenir les règles classiques de la guerre aérienne, telles que l’emplacement exact des marquages sur la surface de l’aéronef, la faible visibilité des insignes (comme moyen de combiner exigences juridiques et opérationnelles) et la question de la pertinence de l’obligation de marquer un aéronef militaire dans le contexte de plateformes aériennes sans équipage. De baanbrekende innovatie van de gebroeders Wright in 1903 en de daaropvolgende ontwikkelingen van de luchtvaarttechnologie creëerden grote mogelijkheden voor de strijdkrachten, aangezien een nieuwe dimensie van oorlogvoering een operationele gevechtsruimte werd. Deze ontwikkeling leidt tot veel juridische vragen, waaronder de status van de luchtvaartuigen die door de net voor het uitbreken van de Eerste Wereldoorlog opgerichte onafhankelijke luchtdetachementen werden ingezet. Vanuit operationeel en juridisch oogpunt waren zowel de statenpraktijk als de internationale juridische experts het erover eens dat militaire luchtvaartuigen onderscheidende insignes moeten dragen die hun militaire karakter en nationaliteit aangeven, om een status te krijgen die gelijkaardig is aan die van oorlogsschepen krachtens het recht van de zeeoorlog. Dit artikel heeft tot doel de oorsprong en de ontwikkeling van de militaire markeringen en hun juridische betekenis voor te stellen als een kernelement van de definitie van militaire luchtvaartuigen. Er moet worden benadrukt dat alleen luchtvaartuigen die als militair worden beschouwd, vijandelijke handelingen kunnen verrichten en de specifieke rechten die door het recht van de luchtoorlog worden verleend, kunnen uitoefenen. De analyse verwijst naar de praktische uitdagingen voor het handhaven van de klassieke regels van de luchtoorlog, zoals de exacte locatie van de markeringen op de vliegtuigoppervlakken, insignes met lage zichtbaarheid (als een manier om juridische en operationele eisen met elkaar in overeenstemming te brengen) en de vraag of de verplichting om militaire luchtvaartuigen te markeren relevant is in de context van onbemande luchtvaartuigen. La revolucionaria innovación de los hermanos Wright en 1903 y subsiguiente evolución de la tecnología aérea dieron paso a oportunidades significativas para los ejércitos, creándose una nueva dimensión de la guerra que se convirtió en un espacio operativo de combate. Esto trajo consigo muchas cuestiones legales, incluido el estatus de los artefactos aéreos desplegados por los recién creados destacamentos aéreos independientes en los prolegómenos de la Primera Guerra Mundial. Desde el punto de vista operativo y legal, tanto los Estados a través de la práctica como los expertos en Derecho Internacional estuvieron de acuerdo en que para acogerse al mismo estatus que los buques de guerra bajo las leyes de la guerra naval, las aeronaves militares debían llevar insignias distintivas, mostrando su carácter militar y nacionalidad. El propósito del artículo es examinar el origen y evolución de estas señales militares y su importancia legal como uno de los elementos principales de la definición de aeronave militar. Debe enfatizarse que solo una aeronave considerada militar puede llevar a cabo actos de hostilidad y ejercer derechos específicos reconocidos por las leyes de la guerra aérea. El análisis aborda los retos prácticos para mantener la vigencia de la regla clásica de la guerra aérea, tal como es el lugar exacto de emplazamiento de las señales exteriores en la superficie de las aeronaves, las insignias de baja visibilidad (como una forma de conciliar las exigencias legales y operativas) y la cuestión de la relevancia del deber de señalar las aeronaves militares en el contexto de las plataformas aéreas no tripuladas. L’innovazione rivoluzionaria dei Fratelli Wright nel 1903 e i successivi sviluppi della tecnologia aerea crearono significative opportunità per i militari, poiché una nuova dimensione di guerra divenne uno spazio operativo di combattimento. Sorgono molte questioni legali, tra cui lo status delle macchine aeree dispiegate dai distaccamenti aerei indipendenti formatisi appena prima dello scoppio della Prima guerra mondiale. Dal punto di vista operativo e legale, sia la pratica degli Stati che gli esperti di diritto internazionale hanno convenuto che, per ricevere uno status simile a quello delle navi da guerra disciplinate della legge della guerra navale, gli aerei militari dovrebbero portare delle insegne distintive che indichino la loro natura militare e la loro nazionalità. L'obiettivo di questo articolo è quello di presentare le origini e l'evoluzione delle marcature militari e il loro significato legale, come elemento centrale della definizione di velivolo militare. Va sottolineato che solo gli aerei considerati militari possono compiere atti di ostilità ed esercitare i diritti specifici concessi dalla legge sulla guerra aerea. L’analisi farà riferimento alle sfide pratiche per il mantenimento delle regole classiche sulla guerra aerea, come l’esatta posizione delle marcature sulla superfice dell’aereo, le insegne a bassa visibilità (come modo per conciliare le esigenze legali ed operative) e la questione della rilevanza del dovere di marcatura dei velivoli militari nel contesto delle piattaforme aeree senza pilota. Die bahnbrechende Innovation der Gebrüder Wright im Jahr 1903 und die nachfolgenden Entwicklungen der Luftfahrttechnologie schufen bedeutende Möglichkeiten für den Militärbereich, da eine neue Dimension der Kriegsführung zu einem operativen Kampfraum wurde. Es stellen sich viele rechtliche Fragen, einschließlich jener des Status der Luftmaschinen, die von den neu gebildeten unabhängigen Luftkommandos vor dem Ausbruch des Ersten Weltkriegs eingesetzt wurden. Aus operativer und rechtlicher Sicht waren sich sowohl die staatliche Praxis als auch die internationalen Rechtsexperten einig, dass Militärflugzeuge Kennzeichen, die auf ihren militärischen Charakter und ihre Nationalität hinweisen, tragen sollten, um einen kriegsschiffähnlichen Status nach dem Recht der Seekriegsführung zu erhalten. Ziel dieses Artikels ist es, die Ursprünge und die Entwicklung der militärischen Kennzeichnungen und ihre rechtliche Bedeutung als Kernelement der Definition von Militärflugzeugen darzustellen. Es muss darauf hingewiesen werden, dass nur Flugzeuge, die als militärisch angesehen werden, feindliche Handlungen durchführen und die durch das Gesetz der Luftkriegsführung gewährten spezifischen Rechte ausüben können. Die Analyse wird sich auf praktische Herausforderungen für die Aufrechterhaltung des klassischen Gesetzes der Luftkriegsführung beziehen, wie die genaue Lage der Kennzeichen auf den Flugzeugoberflächen, Kennzeichen mit geringer Sichtbarkeit (als Mittel, rechtliche und operative Anforderungen miteinander in Einklang zu bringen) und die Frage der Relevanz der Pflicht zur Kennzeichnung militärischer Flugzeuge im Zusammenhang mit unbemannten Luftplattformen.
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Piwowarski, Juliusz. „Three pillars of security culture“. Security Dimensions 26, Nr. 26 (29.06.2018): 16–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0012.7238.
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The article presents a proposal for multidisciplinary scientific platform, as a basis for security studies. It includes not only the military but mostly non-military aspects of security. An emphasis is put on security culture, the main pivot of the “Security Dimensions” as a scientific journal, with three pillars of the security culture concept: mental and spiritual (individual dimension), legal and organizational (social dimension), material.
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Brownfield-Stein, Chava. „Military-Police Fusion at the Southern Border“. Israel Studies Review 35, Nr. 2 (01.09.2020): 101–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/isr.2020.350207.
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Examining the activities of the Israel Defense Forces along the Gaza-Israel border, this article identifies a new phase in what the author calls ‘military-police fusion’. The analysis focuses on novel technologies—remote-controlled weapon stations and unmanned ground vehicles—and on the women soldiers who operate these systems. The central claim is that the blurring of boundaries between military and policing missions, combined with high-tech weaponry, has resulted in the development and implementation of new modes of violence that are currently undergoing a process of redefinition and feminization. The article addresses three key dimensions of the processes occurring in the hybrid operational environment along the Gaza-Israel border: the legal dimension, the technological dimension, and the gender dimension.
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Mustaffa, Abdulkhalq Ibrahim, und Radwan Ali Khidhir. „The Role of New Media in Rising Public Awareness of National Security in Iraqi Kurdistan Region During The War On ISIS“. Journal of University of Raparin 7, Nr. 2 (21.04.2020): 582–608. http://dx.doi.org/10.26750/vol(7).no(2).paper25.
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This study aims to explain the role and impact of news websites in Iraqi Kurdistan region in raising public awareness regarding the dimensions of national security and providing them with important information. In this study the method of content analysis is used to analyzing the news content in (Xendan) website and (K24) website during their coverage of the war on Islamic state. The most important finding in this study are: news websites concerned with different dimensions of national security and the military dimension has received more attention than other dimension.
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Stone, Mark H. „The Cubit: A History and Measurement Commentary“. Journal of Anthropology 2014 (30.01.2014): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/489757.
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Historical dimensions for the cubit are provided by scripture and pyramid documentation. Additional dimensions from the Middle East are found in other early documents. Two major dimensions emerge from a history of the cubit. The first is the anthropological or short cubit, and the second is the architectual or long cubit. The wide geographical area and long chronological period suggest that cubit dimensions varied over time and geographic area. Greek and Roman conquests led to standardization. More recent dimensions are provided from a study by Francis Galton based upon his investigations into anthropometry. The subjects for Galton’s study and those of several other investigators lacked adequate sample descriptions for producing a satisfactory cubit/forearm dimension. This finding is not surprising given the demise of the cubit in today’s world. Contemporary dimensions from military and civilian anthropometry for the forearm and hand allow comparison to the ancient unit. Although there appears no pressing need for a forearm-hand/cubit dimension, the half-yard or half-meter unit seems a useful one that could see more application.
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Andreyev, Sergei. „Development Stages of Islamic Movements in the Pashtun Tribal Environment: The Case of the Rawshaniyya and Beyond“. Iran and the Caucasus 25, Nr. 2 (25.06.2021): 134–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1573384x-20210204.
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The Rawshani movement is the first well-documented example of supra-tribal unification and subsequent successful integration of the movement’s leaders into the alien state structures. But by no means is it an isolated phenomenon in Pashtun history. Similar pattern of religion-motivated supra-tribal unification, which should be considered as a product of historical relationships of power, remerged inter alia during more recent crises in the Afghan history. Due to the volatile nature of the Afghan state fluctuating between tribalism and ethnic pluralistic participation, military and Islamic dimensions have always been of paramount importance for state-community relations where religion, tribalism and ethnicity were often the means of state’s control of social resistance and its vehicles. In the time of crises, religion-inspired militia-type independent military formations were able to challenge the might of the state and occasionally even initiate the incipient state formation opposed to the communal institutions and those of the old regime. When this community-based military activity went beyond the scope of traditional annual cycle of violence it often acquired a supra-tribal or ethnic and regional dimension, which was legitimised by the Islamic ideology and institutions. This article offers some directions towards making a calibration tool or even identifying a pattern that may be used as an epistemological paradigm that may provide a sense of orientation and bearing in the intricacies of a complex historical interaction between Pashtun Islam, tribes and state.
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ROZMAN, JOŽE. „VOJAŠKOGEOGRAFSKA RAZSEŽNOST DOBRUDŽE IN (SLOVENSKI) PROSTOVOLJCI NA TEM BOJIŠČU V PRVI SVETOVNI VOJNI“. CONTEMPORARY MILITARY CHALLENGES, VOLUME 2014/ISSUE 16/4 (30.10.2014): 51–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.33179//bsv.99.svi.11.cmc.16.4.3.
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Predstavljena je Dobrudža, geografska regija v jugovzhodnem delu Evrope, ki ima pomembne vojaškogeografske, geostrateške in geopolitične značilnosti. Določajo jih bližina kriznih žarišč, občasna mednacionalna trenja na širšem območju Podonavja, zgodovinska dediščina in geoprometna pomembnost. V prispevku so predstavljene splošne in fizične geografske danosti območja. Prikazan je razvoj prostorskih struktur, ki odločilno vplivajo na geoprometni položaj regije. Osrednji del prispevka predstavlja Dobrudžo kot bojišče operativnih razsežnosti in udeležbo Slovencev v bojih ter operacijah prve svetovne vojne na vzhodnem in jugovzhodnem bojevališču. Nakazane so nekatere sodobne geopolitične in geostrateške značilnosti območja. Zadnji del prispevka opozarja na vojaškogeografsko razsežnost in pomen Dobrudže zaradi bližine kriznih žarišč in nestabilnosti obrobja Črnega morja. We are presenting Dobrogea, a geographical region in south-eastern part of Europe with important military geographical, geostrategic and geopolitical characteristics. These are determined by the proximity of crisis areas, occasional international frictions in the wider Danube Basin, historical heritage and geostrategic importance. The article presents general and physical geographic resources of the area. It illuminates the development of spatial structures which decisively impact the geo- traffic situation of the region. The main part of the article presents Dobrogea as a battlefield with operational dimensions, and the participation of Slovenians in World War I battles and operations in eastern and south-eastern battlefields. It points to some of the contemporary geopolitical and geostrategic characteristics of the region. The final part of the article, however, brings attention to the military geographical dimension and the importance of Dobrogea due to the proximity of crisis areas and instabilities of the Black Sea fringe.
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Hardisari, Ratih. „Hubungan Pelayanan Phlebotomy Dengan Kepuasan Pasien dilaboratorium Klinik Rumah Sakit TNI AU Dr. Suhardi Hardjolukito Yogyakarta“. Jurnal Teknologi Kesehatan (Journal of Health Technology) 13, Nr. 2 (30.09.2017): 58–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.29238/jtk.v13i2.6.
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Patient satisfaction is an important quality indicator of hospital performance, especially for clinical laboratory services. At themoment, services given by medical laboratory technologist personnel in blood sampling section are not optimal. Air forceHospital Dr. Suhardi Hardjolukito Yogyakarta, a public hospital in Bantul, has clinical laboratory which serves patients fromthe members of Indonesian military, civil servants, general patient, patients with health insurance coverage and also patientswith national health insurance program (Jamkesmas). This study was aimed to know the correlation between phlebotomyservices and patient satisfaction in clinical laboratory of Air Force Hospital Dr. Suhardi Hardjolukito Yogyakarta. It was ast quantitative observational study with cross-sectional study. The data were collected from August 21 2016 until Septemberth 6 2016. The population of the study was taken from all outpatients of clinical laboratory in Air Force Hospital Dr. SuhardiHardjolukito Yogyakarta, by using simple random sampling. The data were collected by observing using check list,questionnaire, and document analysis with likert scale level measurement. The result of this study showed from 94respondents which were differentiated as five quality service dimensions of patient satisfaction: 88,3% for dimension ofreliability, 86,9% for dimension of quality assurance, 86,1% for dimension of empathy, 83,8% for dimension ofresponsiveness, 78,6% for dimensions of tangibles. Statistical analysis showed that there was a correlation betweenphlebotomy service and patient satisfaction (p < 0,1).
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Español Solana, Darío. „Guerra en el valle del Ebro en la segunda mitad del siglo XI: geoestrategia y control militar de los recursos económicos en el noreste peninsular“. Aragón en la Edad Media, Nr. 30 (01.06.2020): 211–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.26754/ojs_aem/aem.2019304515.
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Resumen: La guerra en los albores de la Plena Edad Media hispana alcanzó dimensiones holísticas, pues estaba presente de modo ubicuo en todas sus estructuras sociales y políticas. Durante la segunda mitad del siglo xi, los príncipes cristianos del valle del Ebro iniciarán la conquista del llano, poniendo en marcha estrategias militares de diversa naturaleza no solo contra el Islam, sino entre ellos mismos. Este artículo analiza uno de los aspectos fundamentales para comprender la guerra en ese periodo: la geoestrategia. Y desde una doble perspectiva: la geografía militar y el control de los recursos económicos como base de las acciones militares. Palabras clave: guerra medieval, reconquista, geoestrategia, historia militar, valle del Ebro, siglo xi. Abstract: The war in the beginnings of the Hispanic Middle Ages reached holistic dimensions, because it was ubiquitously present in all its social and political structures. During the second half of the 11th century, the Christian sovereigns of the Ebro valley will begin the conquest of the plain, starting military strategies of various kinds not only against Islam, but among themselves. This article analyzes one of the fundamental aspects to understand the war in that period: geostrategy. With a double perspective: military geography and the control of economic resources as the basis of military actions. Key words: medieval warfare, reconquest, geoestrategy, military history, Ebro valley, 11th century.
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Meerits, Artur, und Kurmet Kivipõld. „Leadership competencies of first-level military leaders“. Leadership & Organization Development Journal 41, Nr. 8 (29.09.2020): 953–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/lodj-09-2019-0392.
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PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to determine the quality of the leadership competencies of first-level military leaders according to three behavioural dimensions: task, change and relational competencies.Design/methodology/approachThe study was conducted in the Estonian Defence Forces (EDF) among first-level commanders (N = 89), whose leadership competencies were assessed by their subordinates (N = 1,655). The Leader Reward and Punishment Questionnaire was used to assess task competencies, the Transformational Leadership Behaviour Inventory was used to assess change competencies and the Extended Authentic Leadership Measure was used to assess relational competencies. Cluster analyses were conducted to identify the level of leadership competencies in the sample and to determine the commanders' leadership profile.FindingsThe study reveals that in terms of leadership competencies, only two competencies from task, two from change and none from the relational dimension are sufficient. In addition, the results highlight that the relational competencies of leadership are connected to each other, while task and change leadership competencies are not.Practical implicationsThe study results make it possible to work out the main principles for a leadership development programme for first-level commanders. In addition, the developed methodology makes it possible to assess the leadership competencies of individual commanders using the three-dimensional framework.Originality/valueThis paper demonstrates how quality of the leadership competencies and profiles of first-level EDF commanders are determined within three behavioural dimensions: task, change and relational competencies.
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Ohlsson, Alicia, Erik Hedlund und Gerry Larsson. „Examining the relationship between personality, organizational political skill and perceived team performance in a multinational military staff exercise context“. Journal of Military Studies 7, Nr. 1 (01.12.2016): 24–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jms-2016-0003.
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Abstract Military staffs are composed of many smaller teams that are interdependent upon each other for a positive functioning level of the whole staff. Many factors can improve or harm the harmony of the staff. Recently, there has been an increased interest in the soft factors that may affect team performance. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between the Big Five personality dimensions, political skill and perceived team performance in a multinational staff training event. The sample included 185 military staff officers (49% response rate). The results indicated that the personality dimension Emotional stability and Political skill had a limited, yet statistically significant, predictive power on team performance. Practical considerations and future research directions are suggested.
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Gabrielli, Giorgio, Vincenzo Russo und Andrea Ciceri. „Understanding organizational aspects for managing crisis situations“. Journal of Organizational Change Management 33, Nr. 1 (22.11.2019): 29–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jocm-09-2019-0286.
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Purpose The uncertainty of the current economic environment increases the risk of organizational failure. The traditional approach intends the crisis as a phenomenon that can be managed according to some predetermined and well-defined procedures. Although this traditional approach emphasizes on the technical dimension, it does not take into account the organizational dimension, which instead plays a crucial role in the circumstances of today’s crisis. The purpose of this paper is to investigate which are the most effective organizational practices able to promote an adequate culture prevent or manage effectively crisis situations. Design/methodology/approach A group of Italian military and civil opinion leaders took part in the study. Authors hypothesized that the military organizations, being defined as “High Reliability Organization,” have organizational characteristics that allow them to manage crisis situations more effectively, and, for this reason, they can be taken as a reference by civil organizations. Findings The results show noticeable differences about organizational attributes concerning the two organizations. According to the results, military organization has the most appropriate organizational dimensions to prevent and manage the crisis situations. Practical implications Based on the results, military organization is suggested to be taken as an example by civil organizations in the process of organizational change necessary to obtain reliable performance. Originality/value The originality of this paper lies in the empirical and theoretical framework provided to analyze risk and crisis management, based on the comparison between military and civil organizations. The paper aims to be a starting point from which a positive process of cultural osmosis between the two organizations can be promoted.
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Gabrielli, Giorgio, Vincenzo Russo und Andrea Ciceri. „Understanding organizational aspects for managing crisis situations“. Journal of Organizational Change Management 33, Nr. 1 (12.11.2019): 50–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jocm-09-2019-0287.
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Purpose The uncertainty of the current economic environment increases the risk of organizational failure. The traditional approach intends the crisis as a phenomenon that can be managed according to some predetermined and well-defined procedures. Although this traditional approach emphasizes on the technical dimension, it does not take into account that organizational dimension, which instead plays a crucial role in the circumstances of today’s crisis. The purpose of this paper is to investigate which are the most effective organizational practices able to promote an adequate culture prevent or manage effectively crisis situations. Design/methodology/approach A group of Italian military and civil opinion leaders took part in the study. Authors hypothesized that the military organizations, being defined as “High Reliability Organization,” have organizational characteristics that allow them to manage crisis situations more effectively, and, for this reason, they can be taken as a reference by civil organizations. Findings The results show noticeable differences about organizational attributes concerning the two organizations. According to the results, the military organization has the most appropriate organizational dimensions to prevent and manage the crisis situations. Originality/value The originality of this paper lies in the empirical and theoretical framework provided to analyze risk and crisis management, based on the comparison between military and civil organizations. The paper aims to be a starting point from which a positive process of cultural osmosis between the two organizations can be promoted.
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Segundo Guzmán, Miguel Ángel. „La moûsa canta la guerra: fragmentos de la cultura bélica por el mundo antiguo / Moûsa sings the war: fragments of the culture of war by the ancient world“. Oficio. Revista de historia e interdisciplina, Nr. 5 (01.07.2017): 21–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.15174/orhi.v0i5.34.
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Resumen. La guerra en el mundo antiguo fue densamente simbolizada en varios registros, penetró múltiples estratos de lo social. El presente escrito mostrará los diversos caminos que recorrió la tradición guerrera entre algunas de las más representativas fuentes literarias de la cultura griega antigua. La violencia militar fue una parte central en la construcción de los imaginarios y las prácticas de los sujetos. En el marco de una civilización agonística, permitió traducir la existencia social, tejiendo, por medio de sus símbolos, las distintas facetas del hombre. La guerra en la poesía adquirió una dimensión épica: las gloriosas narraciones hicieron posible apropiarse de la violencia, embelleciéndola para el oído masculino en el marco de una civilización signada por los ideales bélicos. Palabras clave: Guerra, épica, honor, Antigüedad, representaciones.Abstract. In the ancient world, war was heavily symbolized in various records, penetrating multiple layers of the social stratums. The present paper shows the various paths the warrior tradition crossed among some of the most representative literary sources of Greek culture. A central part of the imaginary construct and subjects practices was the war violence. As part of an agonistic civilization, it allowed translate social existence, weaving, by its symbols, the different facets of man. Through poetry, war acquired an epic dimension: glorious stories make possible appropriating violence, embellishing it for the male ear in context with a civilization signed by military ideals. Keywords: War, epic, honor, Antiquity, representations.
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Cabrera Toledo, Lester Martin. „Entre el cambio y la inercia histórica: el contexto actual de la inteligencia militar en Suramérica/ Between change and historical inertia: the current context of military intelligence in South America“. URVIO - Revista Latinoamericana de Estudios de Seguridad, Nr. 21 (22.11.2017): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.17141/urvio.21.2017.3082.
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El artículo aborda algunos de los aspectos, tanto históricos como actuales, que determinan la concepción de la inteligencia militar en América del Sur. Para lo anterior, se toman en cuenta la influencia de los elementos doctrinarios clásicos del pensamiento militar, la existencia de un eventual cambio de paradigma en la comprensión de los procesos conflictivos y en las propias dimensiones de la inteligencia, y la incorporación de otros elementos que derivarían en la adopción de otros parámetros analíticos para la temática señalada. Lo anterior da paso para el planteamiento de algunos desafíos que la región mantiene en labores de inteligencia militar, siempre considerando una división entre la mantención de una concepción clásica del conflicto, y la adopción de nuevas tendencias en el campo de la guerra. Se concluye que pese al esfuerzo de mantener las nociones clásicas de la guerra aplicadas a la inteligencia militar, los países de la región deben incorporar otros esquemas de pensamiento, lo que se asocian a una comprensión más compleja de los fenómenos conflictivos que afectan tanto al Estado como a las sociedades, pero no como una función subsidiaria, sino que complementaria a la que tradicionalmente ejecutan.
Abstract
This article studies some historical and current aspects that determine the conception of military intelligence in South America. To do that, it's consider the influence of the classic doctrinal elements of military thought, the existence of an eventual change of paradigm in the understanding of the conflictive processes and in the own dimensions of the intelligence, and the incorporation of other elements that would result in the adoption of other analytical parameters for the aforementioned subject. This conduces to the approach of some challenges that the region maintains in military intelligence tasks, always considering a division between the maintenance of a classic conception of the conflict and the adoption of new tendencies in the field of war. It is concluded that despite the effort to maintain the classic notions of war applied to military intelligence, the countries of the region must incorporate other thought schemes, which are associated with a more complex understanding of the conflicting phenomena that affect both the State as to societies, not as a subsidiary function but as a complement to the one they traditionally execute.
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Lee, Hyunyup, Carolyn Aldwin, Sungrok Kang und Xyle Ku. „Classification of Mental Health among Korean Vietnam War Veterans: A Latent Profile Analysis“. Innovation in Aging 4, Supplement_1 (01.12.2020): 637. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igaa057.2183.
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Abstract We investigated the dimensional structure of mental health among aging Korean Veterans using latent profile analysis (LPA) on posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms (PTSD), late onset stress symptomology (LOSS), and psychosocial well-being (PWB). The Korean Vietnam War Veterans Study consists of 367 men (Mage=72, SD=2.66). LPA identified five classes of mental health as best fitting the data. Most men were in the normal (38%) and moderate distress (31%) groups, while smaller proportions were in the low affect (13%) and severe distress (7%) groups. The resilient group (12%) had low PTSD, medium LOSS, and high PWB, and were highest on optimism, positive appraisals of military service, and social support. Negative and positive aspects of mental health outcomes were on separate dimensions rather than on a single bipolar dimension. Service providers should attempt to both reduce Veterans’ negative psychological symptoms and increase psychosocial well-being. Part of a symposium sponsored by the Aging Veterans: Effects of Military Service across the Life Course Interest Group.
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Yang, Hong Wei, Xiao Liang Guo, Ding Dong Huang und Yang Zhuo Wei. „Application of LCA on Military Equipment Sustainable Development“. Advanced Materials Research 347-353 (Oktober 2011): 2791–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.347-353.2791.
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As the embedded modernization of military equipment, the equipment sustainable development faces the severe development "bottleneck", mainly include environment, energy and economy constraint etc. Therefore, this thesis attempts to introduce LCA method to the field of military equipment, establishes a systematic frame of appraisal of a three-dimension integrated structure, including equipment dimension, life cycle dimension and evaluation index dimension. Finally, this thesis puts forward some points in LCA on equipment sustainable development, including none-commensuration of decision goals, conjunction and amalgamation of data, improve the susceptibility analysis of stage etc, in order to offer some gist for the quantitative decision of equipment sustainable development.
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Caltabiano, M. „The military dimension of the WEU“. RUSI Journal 138, Nr. 3 (Juni 1993): 7–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03071849308445708.
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Bailes, Alyson. „The Politico-Military Dimension of OSCE“. Helsinki Monitor 17, Nr. 3 (2006): 214–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157181406778141793.
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Anzalone, Guilhem. „Militer par l’action commerciale ? Biocoop et l’agriculture biologique française“. Partie 3 — Faire l’économie de l’utopie ?, Nr. 72 (04.11.2014): 189–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1027213ar.
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Issu des mouvements écologistes et alternatifs, le réseau de magasins indépendants Biocoop se donne pour objectif de militer pour un projet de société à travers la distribution de produits biologiques. En centrant l’analyse sur les dispositifs mobilisés dans le réseau, l’article montre comment les outils de gestion incorporent et concrétisent des principes de valeur. Cette dimension politique se caractérise également par une certaine ambivalence qui se répercute au sein de la structure ; elle se traduit notamment par l’hétérogénéité des organisations et des pratiques. Le projet de Biocoop s’étend aussi à la circulation des produits, où son intervention est mise à l’épreuve dans la gouvernance des filières. L’étude de ce cas explore ainsi les multiples manifestations de la dimension politique de l’activité économique ordinaire.
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Silva, Luiza Da. „"Tratado da arquitetônica ou arquitetura militar, ou fortificação das praças": linguagens de defesa - de uma dimensão celestial a Vitrúvio * "Treatise on architecture, or military architecture, or squares' fortification": defense languages - from a celestial dimension to Vitruvius“. História e Cultura 7, Nr. 2 (02.12.2018): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.18223/hiscult.v7i2.2678.
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O objetivo do presente artigo é analisar a produção de conhecimento acerca da defesa através de um manual de Arquitetura Militar escrito em língua portuguesa, na primeira metade do século XVIII. Trata-se do “Tratado da Arquitetônica, ou Arquitetura Militar, ou Fortificação das Praças”, de autoria desconhecida e com a datação identificada como sendo aproximadamente do ano de 1705. Para tanto, propomos a descrição geral da obra, a demonstração da argumentação bíblica e da vitruviana, para depois nos deter sobre as regras (as “máximas”) que permitem observar o modo como os argumentos a respeito de uma dimensão celestial – em termos de uma experiência celestial como modelo de melhor defesa – aliados às concepções de Vitrúvio, no que tange aos seis elementos da Arquitetura, foram apropriados pelo autor desconhecido.*The aim of this article is to analyze the production of knowledge about defense through a manual of Military Architecture written in Portuguese language, in the first half of the 18th century. It is the “Tratado da Arquitetônica, ou Arquitetura militar, ou Fortificação das Praças”, of unknown authorship and with the dating identified as being approximately of the year 1705. For this, we propose the general description of the work, the demonstration of the biblical argument of Vitrúvio, to later dwell on the rules (the “maxims”) that allow us to observe the way in which the arguments about a celestial dimension - in terms of a celestial experience as model of the best defense - allied to the conceptions of Vitrúvio, with respect to the six elements of Architecture, were appropriated by the Unknown Author.
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Piwowarski, Juliusz. „THREE PILLARS OF SECURITY CULTURE“. Kultura Bezpieczeństwa. Nauka – Praktyka - Refleksje 30, Nr. 30 (29.06.2018): 22–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0012.5891.
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The article presents a proposal for multidisciplinary scientific platform, as a basis for security studies. It includes not only the military but mostly non-military aspects of security. An emphasis is put on security culture, the main pivot of the “Security Culture” as a scientific journal, with the three pillars of the security culture concept: mental and spiritual (individual dimension), legal and organizational (social dimension), material.
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Carreiras, Helena. „The sociological dimension of external military interventions: The Portuguese military abroad“. Portuguese Journal of Social Science 13, Nr. 2 (01.06.2014): 129–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/pjss.13.2.129_1.
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Sivakumar, N., und S. Baskaran. „Globalization and Nation State“. International Journal for Innovation Education and Research 2, Nr. 8 (31.08.2014): 81–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.31686/ijier.vol2.iss8.225.
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The article explains the impact of globalization on state sovereignty. The globalization is the dominant force which has shaped a new era of interaction and interdependence among nations. It has many dimensions such as economic, political, military, social and cultural dimension. It creates both opportunities and costs to the nation state. Sovereignty is the most essential element of the state. Globalization contributes to the change and reduction of the scope of state sovereignty. The scope of the inner sovereignty has legally narrowed to a large degree due to the international agreements including global financial flows, activities of International Organization and Multinational Corporation, Information communication technology and issues concerning human rights and in connection with already formed models and traditions of states' behavior. At the same time increasingly more states quite often give away some of their sovereign powers voluntarily for certain reason.
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Robinson, Thomas W. „Soviet Policy in Asia: The Military Dimension“. Proceedings of the Academy of Political Science 36, Nr. 4 (1987): 151. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1173840.
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Ningthoujam, Alvite Singh. „Israel–South Korea Relations: The Military Dimension“. Contemporary Review of the Middle East 4, Nr. 2 (15.05.2017): 168–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2347798917700767.
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As Southeast Asia gains prominence in global geostrategic and geoeconomic environment, Israel’s overture to South Korea is not an exception. Despite prolonged frosty relations between Israel and South Korea between the 1970s and late 1980s, both have managed to strengthen military–security relationship after reopening their embassies in the early 1990s. Currently, their defense cooperation revolves around arms trade but is expanding toward joint ventures, coproduction, and upgrading programs. Arms export is an important component in promoting Israeli foreign policy goals. At the same time, South Korea requires constant defense upgrade as it faces a hostile neighborhood. Within this context, the article argues that military and defense relations are the driving forces in flourishing Israel–South Korea relations.
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Cantor, Jeffrey A. „A new dimension in military instructional development“. Performance + Instruction 27, Nr. 1 (Januar 1988): 14–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pfi.4170270106.
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Kumaraswamy, P. R. „The Military Dimension of Israel—China Relations“. China Report 31, Nr. 2 (Mai 1995): 235–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000944559503100205.
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Zhurkin, Vitaly, und Mikhail Nosov. „20 years of the EU Military Dimension“. Contemporary Europe 1, Nr. 87 (01.01.2019): 5–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.15211/soveurope120190513.
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Heuser, Beatrice, und Harold Simpson. „The Missing Political Dimension of Military Exercises“. RUSI Journal 162, Nr. 3 (04.05.2017): 20–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03071847.2017.1345118.
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Hochman, Gilberto. „Quando e como uma doença desaparece. A varíola e sua erradicação no Brasil, 1966/1973 / When and how a disease disappears. Smallpox and its eradication in Brazil, 1966/1973“. Revista Brasileira de Sociologia - RBS 9, Nr. 21 (20.01.2021): 103–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.20336/rbs.787.
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Este artigo aborda o programa de erradicação da varíola no Brasil (1966-1973), para analisar o fim de doenças e epidemias em contextos locais. O foco recai sobre os antecedentes de um marco específico e crucial desse processo: o anúncio oficial de seu desaparecimento em agosto de 1973 em pleno regime militar. O objetivo do artigo é compreender como as dimensões políticas, científicas e sanitárias se entrecruzaram na pouca repercussão de uma conquista da saúde pública que mobilizou recursos, governos, população e organizações internacionais. O artigo, baseado em fontes primárias e secundárias, está dividido em quatro partes. A primeira discute as questões gerais relativas ao fim de epidemias e desaparecimento de doenças em contextos locais. A segunda apresenta a dinâmica política e sanitária e as características da campanha de erradicação da varíola entre 1966 e 1980, em suas faces internacional e nacional. A terceira discute os desafios, as desconfianças e as incertezas que envolveram a determinação de que a varíola estava eliminada no Brasil do regime militar entre os anos de 1970 e 1973. Na conclusão, retoma-se a questão do término de epidemias e doenças em contextos históricos e nacionais à luz da erradicação da varíola.Palavras-chave: varíola, governo militar, saúde pública, doença, epidemias. ***This article discusses the smallpox eradication program in Brazil (1966-1973) to analyze the end of diseases and epidemics in local contexts. The focus is on the background of a specific and crucial milestone in this process: the official announcement of its disappearance in August 1973 in the midst of the military regime. The objective of the article is to understand how the political, scientific and health dimensions intertwined in the little repercussion of a public health achievement that mobilized resources, governments, populations, and international organizations. The article, based on primary and secondary sources, is divided into four parts. The first discusses general issues related to the end of epidemics and the disappearance of diseases in local contexts. The second presents the political and health dynamics, and the smallpox eradication campaign’s characteristics between 1966 and 1980, in its international and national aspects. The third discusses the challenges, suspicions, and uncertainties that involved the determination that smallpox was eliminated in Brazil, during the military regime, between 1970 and 1973. In the conclusion, ending epidemics and diseases in historical and national contexts is taken up in the light of the eradication of smallpox.Keywords: smallpox, military government, public health, diseases, epidemics.
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Rusu, Raluca, und Alexandru Baboş. „Organizational Citizenship Behaviour In Military Organization“. International conference KNOWLEDGE-BASED ORGANIZATION 21, Nr. 1 (01.06.2015): 272–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/kbo-2015-0046.
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Abstract This paper is intended to be, first of all a review of theoretical literature on Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) and for that, we tried to define the concept and to separate it from other similar concepts, and to analyze the dimensions of this type of behavior. Secondly, we identified the dimensions of Organizational Citizenship Behavior in military organizations, in order to see how OCB could influence the organizational performance.
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Lester, David. „Political Style and Military Expenditures“. Psychological Reports 75, Nr. 2 (Oktober 1994): 778. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1994.75.2.778.
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Mancilla Ivaca, Nastassja. „Agentes folkcomunicacionales y memoria colectiva: organizando el territorio desde la experiencia popular“. Revista Internacional de Folkcomunicação 18, Nr. 41 (22.12.2020): 93. http://dx.doi.org/10.5212/rif.v.18.i41.0005.
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Este artículo es parte de una investigación en curso que se desarrolla en la precordillera de la región de Los Ríos, Chile, donde ex pobladores/ras buscan recuperar territorios del Complejo Forestal y Maderero Panguipulli (COFOMAP) de los cuales fueron desplazados forzadamente durante la dictadura militar (1973-1989). El objetivo es analizar las prácticas folkcomunicacionales de actoras/res que otorgan sentido a la apropiación del espacio desde la cultura popular, que emerge en la memoria colectiva y potencia la organización. Dimensión que se identificó a partir del trabajo de campo que incluyó entrevistas grupales y observación participante. Así, se articula una narrativa resistente al despojo empresarial y el terrorismo estatal vívido, otorgando inteligibilidad a la lucha presente y las demandas de justicia.
Memoria colectiva; Terrorismo de Estado; Prácticas folkcomunicacionales; Desplazamiento forzado.
This article is part of an ongoing research developed at the foothills of Región de Los Ríos, Chile, where former inhabitants seek to recover territory of the former Panguipulli Forestry and Timber Complex (COFOMAP) from where they were forcefully displaced during the military dictatorship (1973-1989). The objective is to analyse the stakeholders’ folkcommunicational practices that grant meaning to the land ownership from the popular culture, which emerges as the collective memory and strengthens the organization. This dimension was identified from the fieldwork that included group interviews and participant observation. Thus, a corporate plundering resistant narrative is articulated and the vivid state terrorism grant intelligibility to the current struggle and the demands for justice.
Collective Memory; State Terrorism; Folkcommunicational Practices; Forced Displacement.
Nosso artigo é parte de uma pesquisa em andamento que ocorre na região de Los Ríos, sul do Chile, onde ex-moradores buscam recuperar territórios do Complexo Florestal e Madeireiro de Panguipulli (COFOMAP) de onde foram deslocados à força durante a ditadura militar (1973-1989). O objetivo é analisar as práticas de comunicação popular de agentes que dão sentido à apropriação do espaço da cultura popular, que emerge na memória coletiva e fortalece a organização, dimensão que foi identificada a partir do trabalho de campo que incluiu entrevistas grupais e observação participante. Assim, articula-se uma narrativa resistente à expropriação corporativa e ao vívido terrorismo de Estado, conferindo inteligibilidade à luta atual e às demandas por justiça.
Memória coletiva; Terrorismo de Estado; Práticas folkcomunicacionais; Deslocamento forçado.
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Cicibas, Halil, Kadir Alpaslan Demir und Nafiz Arica. „Comparison of 3D Versus 4D Path Planning for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles“. Defence Science Journal 66, Nr. 6 (31.10.2016): 651. http://dx.doi.org/10.14429/dsj.66.9575.
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<p>This research compares 3D versus 4D (three spatial dimensions and the time dimension) multi-objective and multi-criteria path-planning for unmanned aerial vehicles in complex dynamic environments. In this study, we empirically analyse the performances of 3D and 4D path planning approaches. Using the empirical data, we show that the 4D approach is superior over the 3D approach especially in complex dynamic environments. The research model consisting of flight objectives and criteria is developed based on interviews with an experienced military UAV pilot and mission planner to establish realism and relevancy in unmanned aerial vehicle flight planning. Furthermore, this study incorporates one of the most comprehensive set of criteria identified during our literature search. The simulation results clearly show that the 4D path planning approach is able to provide solutions in complex dynamic environments in which the 3D approach could not find a solution.</p>
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Fučík, Jakub. „Revolution in Military Affairs and Outer Space“. International conference KNOWLEDGE-BASED ORGANIZATION 23, Nr. 1 (20.06.2017): 106–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/kbo-2017-0016.
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Abstract Concept of the Revolution in Military Affairs (RMA) analyses and describes processes of major changes in military-strategic dimension, which provide possibilities especially for states to enhance their military power and establish superiority over their opponents. Contemporary, development of new (weapon) technologies (e.g. precision-guided munitions, unmanned aerial vehicles) and doctrines (e.g. network centric warfare, system-of-systems) represents such opportunity. Outer space in this context represents relatively new dimension of warfare with increasing importance for strategical thinking of all main state actors (e.g. China, Russia, and the U.S.). This paper deals with relation between RMA and outer space. The aim of this paper is to analyses how outer space and space technologies influence contemporary/future RMA and vice versa.
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Chawla, Shalini. „Pakistan's military spending: Socio‐economic dimensions“. Strategic Analysis 25, Nr. 5 (August 2001): 703–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09700160108458990.
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Olszanecka, Natalia. „Social Dimension of the Russian Armed Forces Reform“. Przegląd Wschodnioeuropejski 10, Nr. 1 (30.06.2019): 241–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.31648/pw.4517.
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At the beginning of the 1990s the political and military global reality was radically transformed. It affected all spheres of socio-political life and was visible also in the armed forces. At the beginning of the second decade of the 21st century, the Russian armed forces were still one of the most troubling military mechanisms in the world. In 2007 the Minister of Defense Anatoly Serdyukov decided to implement a broad military reform, which included (besides organizational issues and modernization of military equipment) also social issues. The aim of this article is to analyze the second stage of the armed forces reform in Russia (2010–2015) that entailed improvement of material status and livelihood of soldiers. The main research method used in this article was content analysis. A particularly important source was the study conducted by Irina Surkowa and articles published in Russian newspapers. The analysis showed that the reforms initiated by Serdyukov considerably improved the living conditions of the soldiers.
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Barni, María Cecilia, F. T. Daura, Laura Llull und Carolina Elizalde. „Perseverancia, pasión y actitud de vida en tiempos del “ya-ya y ya-fue”“. VI Congreso Internacional de las Relaciones Interpersonales "Desarrollo humano en tiempos de la (re)evolución 4.0" 1, Nr. 1 (25.10.2019): 125–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.26422/icf.20193cong06.bar.
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This study -part of a broader one- whose objectives aims to describe life attitude and grit in students of a military college in Argentina and analyze the relation between the dimensions that make up the two mentioned constructs and various sociodemographic variables. A non-probabilistic and convenience sample integrates the age group inserted in the society of uncertainty and immediacy, also called the “ya ya o ya fue” (García Pintos, 2012) where young people tend to abandon their projects (Messing, 2009). The personal sense as a construct is conceptualized as the existential belief that life has a purpose. Reker and Woo (2011) claim that people draw meaning from a variety of sources, including recreational activities, meeting basic needs, creative activities, personal relationships, personal and academic achievements. This sense of life is the knowledge that each person needs to know to develop their vital objectives. Grit, defined as the passion and perseverance to achieve long-term goals, implies resisting with effort and interest the challenges that may arise, regardless of the difficulties, the monotony and any failures experienced. It is a quality shared by leaders (Duckworth, 127 Peterson, Matthews and Kelly, 2007), particularly those who set medium and long-range objectives and who cling to them to make them a reality. The sample was composed of 160 students, who were administered an ad hoc sociodemographic questionnaire, the Grit Scale (Duckworth et al., 2007), which is in the process of validation (Tortul and Daura, in evaluation) and the Life Attitude Test (LAP-R (VE-AA) in the Argentinian adaptation (Barni, 2017). A correlational descriptive statistical analysis was carried out. The results showed that the participants score high on Purpose (P), Choice/ Responsibility (C/R) dimensions of the LAP-R and Effort Perseverance of Grit. The analysis showed that there are no significant differences by age group except in the E/R dimension –the group of 20 to 25 years have the highest scores–. When divided into age range and gender, women show significant differences in the Existential Vacuum (VE) dimension and men have a tendency in the E/R and P dimensions of the Life Attitude test. In conclusion, this work shows relevant information in professional training, decision making in the educational style and institutional management to collaborate in the integral and professional training as specific and particular as the military, in aspects such as character formation, leadership, etc., especially in times where the radical and immediate changes complicate the forecast of the knowledge involved in future professional performances. However, it is known that the skills of the Grit and the attitude of life collaborate in the vital projects.
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Krill Williston, Sarah, Lizabeth Roemer und Dawne S. Vogt. „Cultural and service factors related to mental health beliefs among post-9/11 veterans“. International Journal of Social Psychiatry 65, Nr. 4 (17.04.2019): 313–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0020764019842327.
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Background and aims: The primary purpose of this study was to examine cultural and demographic predictors of dimensions of anticipated stigma and negative mental health beliefs, known barriers to mental health care utilization, among post-9/11 veterans. Methods: A cross-sectional survey methodology was used to assess 132 post-9/11 veterans. Bivariate correlations were used to examine associations between military cultural values (self-reliance and emotional control), demographic variables (gender and service characteristics) and dimensions of anticipated stigma and negative beliefs about mental health. Descriptive statistics were used to examine item-level agreement on scales of stigma, mental health beliefs and cultural values to more fully describe these beliefs in this population. Results: Descriptive findings revealed that the most highly endorsed dimension of stigma was anticipated stigma from coworkers. Correlational findings indicated that only exaggerated self-reliance, not emotional control, was positively associated with higher negative beliefs about treatment and treatment-seeking, and not other dimensions of negative beliefs about mental health. Active duty service members and those who deployed reported higher negative beliefs about treatment-seeking, emotional control and self-reliance. In addition, men reported higher negative beliefs about treatments, treatment-seeking and self-reliance than women. Conclusion: These results highlight the importance of addressing concerns about self-reliance and mental health treatment in stigma-reduction interventions especially among male, deployed, and active duty service members to reduce stigma and stigma-related barriers to care.
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Pankova, L., und O. Gusarova. „Space Dimension of the Innovation-Technological Breakthrough“. World Economy and International Relations 64, Nr. 11 (2020): 62–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.20542/0131-2227-2020-64-11-62-73.
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The article addresses the technological base development for the exploration and use of outer space over the current decade and the subsequent period. Primary attention is given to the USA, Russia and China. The most important disruptive emerging military and dual-use technologies are highlighted, their impact on strategic stability, national and international security is examined in terms of both opportunities and risks. A cluster of the most important and perspective space technologies is considered. The paper indicates the possibility and necessity of new agreements on exploration and use of outer space, crucial for adapting space activities to new military-strategic, military-political and technological realities against a backdrop of the innovative technological breakthroughs and the digitalization processes development. Under the conditions of the U.S. military-political leaders’ commitment to competition between great powers, special attentions are paid to the increase of the competition complex factor and development of the so-called PEMT-competition (political, economic, military and technological competition). One of its important focuses is the space activity. It is underlined in the perspective survey till 2040 that, in spite of the crisis situation in the Russian space sector at the boundary of the third decade of the 21st century, Russia has a real opportunity to remain in the category of leading space powers. Special case study of the article is the interactions between space development and strategic stability, on the one hand, and information warfare, on the other. The problems of the space systems vulnerability are also noted. The article emphasizes the fundamental nature, importance and necessity of an impending long-term revision of future global space activities, primarily from the perspective of strategic stability. But the necessity of intensive world discussions on space control is also stressed.
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Oriola, Temitope B. „Nigerian Soldiers On The War Against Boko Haram“. African Affairs 120, Nr. 479 (29.03.2021): 147–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/afraf/adab003.
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Abstract This study explores two main questions: What are the experiences of soldiers who have fought against Boko Haram? What can these experiences teach us about the seeming incapacity of the Nigerian military to defeat Boko Haram? Six major themes are explored. These are perspectives on the mission, morale of troops, military equipment and weapons, suicide and murder–suicide among troops, intelligence leaks, and relationships of troops with the Civilian Joint Task Force, an extralegal militia. Soldiers’ discourses on the mission against Boko Haram reveal three overlapping dimensions. First, there are suspicions about the sponsors and political godfathers of Boko Haram. This suggests a belief that Boko Haram is a conspiracy involving the government and top brass of the military. Second, the patronage system involved in deployment into key positions on the war front. Third, participants believe that the war is being deliberately prolonged because it is a moneymaking machinery for the political and military elites. The evidence suggests that availability of weapons varies by unit and the agency of commanders—their networks and influence within the military and willingness to disobey orders from superiors if their demands are not met. This situation produces radically variegated wartime experiences among troops. Non-commissioned soldiers believe senior commissioned officers perpetrate intelligence leaks and are responsible for the protracted war. Senior Army Generals interviewed in this study support this perspective. The study has major policy implications for successful operations against Boko Haram in the Lake Chad Basin area and the broader war against terrorism in the Sahel.
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Stamova, Mariyana N. „Albanian Factor in the Republic of Macedonia in the Late Twentieth and Early Twenty-First Century“. Slavic World in the Third Millennium 14, Nr. 1-2 (2019): 92–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.31168/2412-6446.2019.14.1-2.6.
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For more than two centuries, the Albanian factor in Macedonia has been an objective and dynamically changing reality. It manifested itself in different dimensions, forms and conditions. Ten years after the establishment of the independent and sovereign Republic of Macedonia (Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia) in the early 2001, the Albanian factor, along with its traditional dimensions, received a number of new features. It has turned into a major problem for the existence, constitutional order, sovereignty and territorial integrity of the Republic of Macedonia. This problem was to a larger extent “Kosovized” after the triggering of the syndrome of “communicating vessels” and its association with the situation in Kosovo and southern Serbia. In 2001, with the organization, arming and activation of Albanian paramilitary formations in Macedonia ready to establish control over certain areas in the Republic of Macedonia, it received also a military dimension. It has developed into a regional and international problem after the active interference of the leading international players and forums, which have been providing ”good services“, mediation, negotiations, monitoring and peacekeeping forces, financial and economic commitments – all of them have an impressive presence in the Republic of Macedonia and are able to influence the strengthening the stabilizing trends and processes in the republic.
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Malaba, Mbongeni Zikhethele. „Namibian Life Stories from the ‘Struggle Days’“. Matatu 50, Nr. 2 (13.02.2020): 299–332. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18757421-05002005.
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Abstract This article analyses representative life stories that reflect the experiences of people who participated in the Namibian liberation struggle, as well as one narrative that reflects the traumatic effect of the brutal murder of her mother witnessed by a five year old girl. The stories detail the vicious nature of settler colonialism in South West Africa and the motive that drove youths to abscond from school to join SWAPO camps in neighbouring countries. Two of the male authored texts focus on the political dimensions of the struggle, with minimal personal details; the two accounts penned by women who obtained secondary and tertiary education in exile and underwent military training foreground the personal dimension that is understated in the male accounts. The human side of war, suffering and discrimination is captured in all the accounts, in differing degrees. The strong Christian beliefs of the selected authors are a striking feature in most of the life stories.
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Rusu, Raluca. „Burnout in the Military“. Scientific Bulletin 25, Nr. 2 (01.12.2020): 120–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/bsaft-2020-0017.
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AbstractIn this paper we will analyze and measure how one of the most common phenomena that causes dysfunctions in organizations – burnout – is present among students. In order to achieve this goal, we will study how the three dimensions of burnout, namely: emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and reduction of professional achievement are manifested in the chosen sample.
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Lubiewski, Paweł. „The Cooperation of the Police Academy in Szczytno with Polish Security and Public Order Formations“. Internal Security Special Issue (01.06.2020): 69–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.1572.
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The Police Academy in Szczytno has a long and very variable history. Over the years, in place of existing militia schools of a military nature, new ones have been created, which were to meet the didactic needs of the then Civic Militia. Political changes from the early 1990s brought a wave of reforms in various areas of social and political life in The Republic of Poland. Serious reforms also concerned the security and public order authorities, including the newly appointed Police. A number of major changes were introduced to the level of police education, and in particular in the newly established Police Academy in Szczytno. These were not only formal changes, but ones that actually diametrically changed the profile and functioning of the academy. It was on the wave of these changes that the academy boldly started, and in the following years intensively developed, cooperation with Polish security and public order formations, to an extent that had not been done here until then. In this article, the author wishes to demonstrate, in a synthetic way, the participation of the academy in the process of improving the staff of the Polish security and public order system through intensively conducted cooperation in this field, not only in the didactic dimension, but also in scientific research
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Rusu, Raluca. „Organizational Trust and Leadership“. International conference KNOWLEDGE-BASED ORGANIZATION 27, Nr. 2 (01.06.2021): 193–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/kbo-2021-0072.
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Abstract In this paper we analyzed organizational trust on an intentionality sample of military personnel, starting from one of the most used theoretical and empirical models in the literature, namely the scale of Mayer and Davis (1999), built on three dimensions: competence, benevolence and integrity of the leader. The analysis shows that the confidence in the leader in the military organization is high on all three dimensions.
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Damrosch, Lori Fisler. „Constitutional Control of Military Actions: A Comparative Dimension“. American Journal of International Law 85, Nr. 1 (Januar 1991): 92–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2203561.
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Throughout history, decisions to go to war have been made by a handful of individuals in powerful positions. American constitutionalists from James Madison’s day through our own have tried to establish a better system of deciding for war, by shifting the locus of responsibility from one person to a broadly representative group. The Persian Gulf crisis has shown all too vividly what dangers lie in the persistence of processes that put awesome amounts of force at the disposition of single individuals, and how much is at stake in developing and nurturing structures of deliberation and accountability.
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Berkhof, G. C. „Maintaining International Peace and Security: The Military Dimension“. Netherlands International Law Review 35, Nr. 03 (Dezember 1988): 297. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0165070x00008032.
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