Dissertationen zum Thema „Migration variable dans le temps“
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Al-Rashdan, Omar. „L'emploi variable des signes diacritiques dans le français tchaté : une étude variationniste en temps apparent“. Thesis, University of North Texas, 2010. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc28382/.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBouder-Pailler, Danielle. „La conception du temps, variable médiatrice dans le processus motivationnel : application à la consommation de théâtre“. Phd thesis, Université de la Réunion, 1997. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00475001.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDeprez, Jean. „Étude, dans l'échelle de temps subnanoseconde, de la migration et de la capture de l'excitation dans la membrane photosynthétique“. Paris 11, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA112077.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe kinetics of migration of the excitation in the antenna of photosynthetic membranes and the primary charge separations following its trapping by the reaction centers have been studied at room temperature in the subnanosecond range using two experimental techniques. Fluorescence yield measurements utilizing picosecond laser pulse pairs have been used to probe the exciton annihilation processes in the antenna and the induction phenomena connected with the changes in the redox state of the reaction centers. The primary charge separations in the reaction centers were monitored by the transmembrane potential (photovoltage) measured with a technique associating the light gradient effect and a 30 ps time resolution. Estimations of the kinetics of the primary charges separations in photosystems I and II of intact chloroplasts are given and a working model, deduced from the fluorescence and photovoltage measurements, is proposed concerning the migration, annihilation and trapping processes in photosystem II. The kinetics of the excitation migration in the antenna of whole cells of Rps. Viridis and Rps. Sphaeroides and the kinetics of the primary charge stabilization step on the first quinone acceptor were determined from photovoltages measurements
Deprez, Jean. „Etude, dans l'échelle de temps subnanoseconde, de la migration et de la capture de l'excitation dans la membrane photosynthétique“. Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb375970791.
Der volle Inhalt der QuellePadilla, Arturo. „Identification récursive de systèmes continus à paramètres variables dans le temps“. Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LORR0119/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe work presented in this thesis deals with the identification of dynamic systems represented through continuous-time linear models with slowly time-varying parameters. The complexity of the identification problem comes on the one hand from the unknown character of the parameter variations and on the other hand from the presence of noises of unknown nature on the measured signals. The proposed solutions rely on a judicious combination of the Kalman filter assuming that the variations of the parameters can be represented in the form of a random walk, and the method of the instrumental variable which has the advantage of being robust with respect to the nature of the measurement noises. The recursive algorithms are developed in an open-loop and closed-loop identification setting. The different variants are distinguished by the way in which the instrumental variable is built. Inspired by the solution developed for time-invariant linear systems, an adaptive construction of the instrumental variable is suggested in order to be able to follow the evolution of the parameters as well as possible. The performance of the developed methods are evaluated using Monte Carlo simulations and show the supremacy of the proposed solutions based on the instrumental variable compared with the more classical least squares based approaches. The practical aspects and implementation issues are of paramount importance to obtain a good performance when these estimators are used. These aspects are studied in detail and several solutions are proposed not only to robustify the estimators with respect to the choice of hyperparameters but also with respect to their numerical implementation. The algorithms developed have enhanced the functions of the CONTSID toolbox for Matlab. Finally, the developed estimators are considered in order to track parameters of two physical systems: a benchmark available in the literature consisting of a bandpass electronic filter and a throttle valve equipping the car engines. Both applications show the potential of the proposed approaches to track physical parameters that vary slowly over time
Padilla, Arturo. „Identification récursive de systèmes continus à paramètres variables dans le temps“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LORR0119.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe work presented in this thesis deals with the identification of dynamic systems represented through continuous-time linear models with slowly time-varying parameters. The complexity of the identification problem comes on the one hand from the unknown character of the parameter variations and on the other hand from the presence of noises of unknown nature on the measured signals. The proposed solutions rely on a judicious combination of the Kalman filter assuming that the variations of the parameters can be represented in the form of a random walk, and the method of the instrumental variable which has the advantage of being robust with respect to the nature of the measurement noises. The recursive algorithms are developed in an open-loop and closed-loop identification setting. The different variants are distinguished by the way in which the instrumental variable is built. Inspired by the solution developed for time-invariant linear systems, an adaptive construction of the instrumental variable is suggested in order to be able to follow the evolution of the parameters as well as possible. The performance of the developed methods are evaluated using Monte Carlo simulations and show the supremacy of the proposed solutions based on the instrumental variable compared with the more classical least squares based approaches. The practical aspects and implementation issues are of paramount importance to obtain a good performance when these estimators are used. These aspects are studied in detail and several solutions are proposed not only to robustify the estimators with respect to the choice of hyperparameters but also with respect to their numerical implementation. The algorithms developed have enhanced the functions of the CONTSID toolbox for Matlab. Finally, the developed estimators are considered in order to track parameters of two physical systems: a benchmark available in the literature consisting of a bandpass electronic filter and a throttle valve equipping the car engines. Both applications show the potential of the proposed approaches to track physical parameters that vary slowly over time
Allain, Elodie. „La modélisation des coûts dans le secteur des services : une lecture au travers de l'utilisation de la variable "temps"“. Rennes 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010REN1G014.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleEmonet, Annelise. „Études expérimentale et numérique de la migration d'un polluant organique dans un milieu poreux homogène à saturation variable en eau“. Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003INPL028N.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleJiang, Wei. „Contrôle de la formation et du confinement variable dans le temps et entièrement distribué pour les systèmes multi-agents/ multi-robots“. Thesis, Ecole centrale de Lille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018ECLI0016/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis thesis deals with the time-varying formation and containment control for linear time-invariant multi-agent systems with heterogeneity considering constant / time-varying input / output delays and matched / mismatched disturbances under directed and fixed communication topology. New formats of time-varying formation shapes for homogeneous and heterogeneous systems are proposed. The controllers, which are designed based on predictive and adaptive techniques with observer technique, are fully distributed and can be applied to large-scale systems. The application on linearized heterogeneous multi mobile robot systems is verified
Lee, Pei-Ying. „Le blanc dans le cinéma de science-fiction“. Thesis, Paris 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA01H318.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe colour white in the cinema of science fiction vibrates and sparkles, inviting our interpretations. Unrelated images are linked through whiteness in a form of heterogeneous connection that solicits our gaze as a montage. This look also facilitates the detachment of white figures from their reference objects, the context of the film and even the context of cinema. In this vision of a constellation, which reveals the energies of construction, destruction and uncertainty, whiteness in the cinema of science fiction by its hybrid and changing nature easily transgresses the established laws of space-time. Carrying diverse sensations and thoughts, the colour white reflects its era in a manner at once both indirect and fragmentary, discreetly revealing its virtual but rich past. At once the colour of nothingness and integrating all other colours, saturated with memory but new like a newborn, white with its minimal and unlimited character demonstrates an ability to move freely in the world of science-fiction, and even to wander in the universe of images
Dimithe, Aboumou Loïc. „Etude expérimentale et simulation numérique de propagation de fissures dans un acier inoxydable martensitique durci par précipitation sous conditions représentatives en termes de température, spectre de chargement et vieillissement“. Thesis, Chasseneuil-du-Poitou, Ecole nationale supérieure de mécanique et d'aérotechnique, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017ESMA0013/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleConnecting the turbofan engine to the wing of the aircraft, the engine pylon is a true « masterpiece » of the aircraft. Indeed, it transmits all the aircraft engine efforts. It is subject to temperature variations from -40°C in cruise to 290°C-400°C during take off and landing. In addition, the engine pylon is a prey to very high vibratory stresses, which should be properly taken into account during damage tolerances analysis to avoid the loss of the aircraft. Between 290°C and 400°C, the martensite of components in precipitation-hardenable stainless steel (15-5 PH) of engine pylon undergoes microstructural transformation (« ageing »). This ageing has a significant impact on the mechanical properties, characterized by an increase in yield strength and tensile stress and drastic reduction in toughness and ductility. To complete the characterization of the effects of ageing on the mechanical properties while considering that these structures are designed according to a principle of damage tolerance, the aim of this work is to study the fatigue crack growth behavior (FCGB) of this material according to the ageing conditions and the test temperature. The approach is based on knowledge of monotonous and cyclic behavior to analyze the fatigue crack mechanisms. The cyclic behavior tests have been carried out at room temperature and 300°C at different strains imposed levels, on the 15-5PH steel in its as-received and then to the ageing conditions realized, between 300°C and 400°C and exposure times of up to 10 000h. The results highlight the lack of influence of ageing on the cyclic hardening of 15-5 PH steel, both at room temperature to 300°C. For the range of ΔK values tested, the FCGB of the 15-5PH steel under constant load amplitude is not affected by ageing. However, the extent of the stable propagation domain is itself reduced according to the degree of aging at room temperature. This reduction is due to the fall of fracture toughness due to ageing. The fracture surfaces are mainly transgranular for all conditions examined. However, the areas close to the final rupture ofsome ageing statements present islands indicative of a static failure mode at room temperature. These islands are absent to 300°C.Under the effect of repeated loads, a delayed effect on the crack velocity has been demonstrated. This delay is a function of the overload rate, overload period, the number of overloads and the baseline load ratio, but insensitive to ageing. Furthermore, are duction in the extent of the area stable propagation is also noticed at room temperature. Fatigue crack growth simulations undervariable amplitude loading were made through the incremental model for damage tolerance analysis developed by LMT-Cachan. The model results were then subject to a comparison with the PREFFAS model used at AIRBUS. The incremental model is well aware ofsome of the effects of repeated overloads. It also proves less conservative than the model PREFFAS. For taking account the effects of ageing in the incremental model, simply report the hardening observed on old material, the cyclic hardening parameters are notaffected. A methodology based on time/temperature equivalence provided by Hollomon-Jaffe - and taking into account the effects of ageing in the incremental model is finally proposed
Garnier, Denis. „Les migrations urbaines de travail : une approche bioculturelle de leur impact dans le temps sur la maturation pubertaire, l'état nutritionnel et la croissance d'adolescentes sénégalaises“. Paris 6, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA066131.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBelhadj, Naoufel. „Variations par temps de pluie des débits dans les réseaux d'eaux usées de type séparatif : Identification des composantes et modélisation des infiltrations“. Phd thesis, Marne-la-vallée, ENPC, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994ENPC9435.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe present concern about urban storm drainage and pollution control should not apply to separate foul water sewerage. However, flowrates that can be monitored at the outlets of such sewerage display huge variations along with rainfall, very much alike the ones related with combined systems. Inappropriate connexions of runoff water are not the sole explanation for such a behaviour, and infiltration is to be considered. Leaking defects, included the ones located on private properties, involve rather complex mechanisms which result in drainage of large flows into the collection pipes. These flows can reach high values whatever timescale is considered (yearly, daily and even hourly flowrates). But these flowrates cannot be easily quatify, because they depend not only on rainfall events, but also on what happened before, and on the season. So we developped a mathematical model to simulate these flowrates, and validated this model using field data and sensibility analysis. This model should be a valuable tool for sewer evaluation studies
Guillo, Olivier. „Méthode de régulation d'une variable écologique par contrôle optimal stochastique, en temps réel, d'activités socio-économiques dans le cadre des jeux dynamiques : application à la qualité de l'eau de la lagune de Thau et à son bassin versant“. Aix-Marseille 2, 2001. http://theses.univ-amu.fr.lama.univ-amu.fr/2001AIX24008.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleGranjon, Pierre. „Contribution à la compensation active des vibrations des machines électriques“. Phd thesis, Grenoble INPG, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000INPG0139.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis work is devoted to elaborate an active control system of rotating machine vibrations. It is based on additional currents supplying the stator coils of the machine. They generate radial forces on the stator frame, and finally create additional vibrations which interact with the machine ones. Therefore, the aim of this system is to process the optimal value of the input currents, in order to minimize the vibration signals power measured on the stator frame by several accelerometers. First, the transfer function between the input currrents and the engendered vibrations is modelized by a linear and periodically time-varying (LPTV) system. Moreover, its fondamental frequency is shown proportional to the machine rotating frequency. Applied to the present problem, classical active control methods reach middling performance, a theoritical study of LPTV systems is thus realized. It leads to the definition of a transfer matrix, having the same properties than the classical transfer function used for linear and time-invariant systems. By using this matrix, a simple frequency relation can be obtained linking inputs and outputs of a LPTV system. Then, previous results are used to determine the optimal value of the input currents minimizing the power of the measured vibration signals. Moreover, an adaptive algorithm permits to reach this optimum and to take into account some potential variations of the vibratory disturbances. The performance obtained by this processing are illustrated thanks to simulations on synthetic and real data. The synchronous vibrations with the machine rotation are significantly reduced, unlike the asynchronous ones, which are left unchanged. The real-time implementation of this algorithm is finally described and realized thanks to a digital signal processor
Bouscasse, Hélène. „Essays on travel mode choice modeling : a discrete choice approach of the interactions between economic and behavioral theories“. Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSE2106/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe objective of this thesis is to incorporate aspects of psychology and behavioral economics theories in discrete choice models to promote a better understanding of mode choice at regional level. Part II examines the inclusion of latent variables to explain mode choice. A literature review of integrated choice and latent variable models – that is, models combining a structural equation model and a discrete choice model – is followed by the estimation of an integrated choice and latent variable model to show how the heterogeneity of economic outputs (here, value of time) can be explained with latent variables (here, perceived comfort in public transport) and observable variables (here, the guarantee of a seat). The simulation of scenarios shows, however, that the economic gain (decrease in value of time) is higher when policies address tangible factors than when they address latent factors. On the basis of a mediation model, the estimation of a structural equation model furthermore implies that the influence of environmental concern on mode choice habits is partially mediated by the indirect utility derived frompublic transport use. Part III examines two utility formulations taken from behavioral economics: 1) rankdependent utility to model risky choices, and 2) reference-dependent utility. Firstly, a rank-dependent utility model is included in discrete choice models and, in particular, a latent-class model, in order to analyze intra- and inter-individual heterogeneity when the travel time is subject to variability. The results show that the probability of a delay is over-estimated for train travel and under-estimated for car travel, especially for car users, as train users are more likely to take into account the expected travel time. In the models that account for risk aversion, the utility functions are convex, which implies a decrease in value of time. Secondly, a new family of discrete choice models generalizing the multinomial logit model, the reference models, is estimated. On my data, these models allow for a better selection of explanatory variables than the multinomial logit model and a more robust estimation of economic outputs, particularly in cases of high unobserved heterogeneity. The economic formulation of reference models shows thatthe best empirical models are also more compatible with Tversky et Kahneman’s reference-dependent model
Brito, Luciano. „Les Mondains sauvages ˸ formes de l'apprentissage urbain au vingtième siècle (Proust, Lins, Naipaul, Oates, Bolaño)“. Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCA127.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleWritten with the vague memory of the novels of formation of the beginning of the industrial era, the novels of Marcel Proust, Osman Lins, Vidiadhar Surajprasad Naipaul, Joyce Carol Oates and Roberto Bolaño return with melancholy to a question that has marked modernity: how do we record the story of the arrival in a big city? In Search of Lost Time and Blonde examine the worldly rituals at the heart of the capitals transformed by war. The absence of order produces enigmatic forms: in the image of the kaleidoscope, the spiral, the labyrinth and the city of sand, these forms arrange the writing of the urban space and the narrative that leads into it. The Enigma of Arrival links those processes to the problematics of migration, global language and the multicultural empire that has taken shape during the second half of the twentieth century. The work of Lins brings together urbanity, esoterism and elements of intellectual worldliness: imitation, quotation, bibliography. The urban becomes a satire in Bolaño: his arrivistes and his careerists, who are poets and teachers of literature, belong to the family of mass murderers. The novel of urban formation, now available only as a lost object, a target for nostalgia under the sign of regret, merits thorough reevaluation. Seeing that the vegetal metaphor points to stylistic processes of decomposition that bring together de-urbanization and the emergence of the life of the mind, the writing of plants may lead to new possibilities of individuation, less motivated by the worldly pulsion that characterizes capitalistic narratives, and bearing more discreet traces of the non-instrumental and involuntary, more violent inscription into nature
RAHARIMANITRA, Fabia Nirina. „Contribution à l'étude des architectures basées sur le multiplexage en temps et en longueur d'onde dans le réseau d'accès, permettant la migration vers la nouvelle génération de PON (NG-PON) à 10 Gbits/s“. Phd thesis, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00740848.
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