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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema „Microclimat de la vigne“

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Veröffentlicht am 18. Mai 2024

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1

Schneider, Christophe. „Influence de la suppression des entre-coeurs de souches de vigne sur le microclimat lumineux et la récolte“. OENO One 19, Nr. 1 (31.03.1985): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/oeno-one.1985.19.1.1313.

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<p style="text-align: justify;">Cet essai concerne les effets de la suppression continue, après la nouaison, des entre-coeurs de souches de vigne sur le microclimat lumineux et la récolte.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">II apparaît que l'amputation de la part importante de surface foliaire représentée par les entre-coeurs (1/4 à 1/2) est compensée par une meilleure exposition du feuillage conservé.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">La production et la richesse en sucres des raisins ne sont pas influencées par le traitement alors que l'acidité totale semble plutôt diminuée.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">En définitive, le facteur déterminant du potentiel de production de la vigne, notamment du taux de sucres des raisins est moins la surface totale du feuillage que la « surface foliaire exposée ».</p><p style="text-align: justify;">+++</p><p style="text-align: justify;">The purpose of this trial was to measure the effects of a continuous lateral shoots removing, after berry set, on grapevine microlimate and crop.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">It was found that suppression of the lateral shoots which represent an important part of the leaf area (1/4 to 1/2) is balanced by a better exposure of the remaining foliage.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Yield and sugar content of the grapes were not affected by the handling whereas the total acidity seemed to be decreased.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Finally, it is less the total leaf area than the « exposed leaf area » which fixes the potentialities of grapevines especially the sugar content of the grapes.</p>

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Conciatori, David, Eugen Brühwiler und André-Gilles Dumont. „Actions microclimatique et environnementale des ouvrages d’art routiers“. Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 36, Nr. 4 (April 2009): 628–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l09-014.

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Les différentes zones d’un ouvrage d’art routier sont étudiées en fonction de leur degré d’exposition au microclimat environnant. Les conditions climatiques provenant de stations météorologiques et la cinétique des véhicules permettent de définir des zones d’exposition aux produits salants et au climat. Une division judicieuse d’un ouvrage en éléments structuraux en fonction de son exposition permet de prendre en considération l’importante variabilité spatiale et de définir des zones de sensibilité équivalente face aux détériorations. Sur la base de stations météorologiques suisses, d’un monitoring d’un ouvrage d’art routier, d’enquêtes auprès des autorités publiques, de mesures ponctuelles in situ et de recherches bibliographiques, cet article met en exergue le microclimat des structures de manière précise. Cette approche permet de définir les différentes zones d’exposition des ouvrages, à savoir les zones de brouillard salin, d’éclaboussures et de stagnation d’eau et de définir l’importance du microclimat en vue de prédire l’évolution des détériorations des structures.

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3

AUSSENAC, G. „La maîtrise du microclimat en plantation“. Revue Forestière Française, Nr. 3 (1986): 285. http://dx.doi.org/10.4267/2042/25654.

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4

Leroux, Paul-Georges. „Vigne fauve“. Revue Possibles 46, Nr. 2 (01.12.2022): 81–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.62212/revuepossibles.v46i2.582.

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5

Asproudi, Andriani, Maurizio Petrozziello, Silvia Cavalletto, Alessandra Ferrandino, Elena Mania und Silvia Guidoni. „Bunch Microclimate Affects Carotenoids Evolution in cv. Nebbiolo (V. vinifera L.)“. Applied Sciences 10, Nr. 11 (31.05.2020): 3846. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10113846.

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This study investigates the impact of bunch microclimate on the evolution of some relevant carotenoids in Nebbiolo grapes. Four bunch-zone microclimates, defined by different vineyard aspect and vine vigor, were characterized by radiation and temperature indices. Berry samples were collected from green phase up to harvest, during two consecutive seasons and carotenoid determination was assessed by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). High carotenoid concentrations were highlighted in Nebbiolo. Lutein and neoxanthin contents (μg berry−1) varied similarly in both seasons achieving a concentration peak after veraison especially in the cooler plots while a variety effect on the lutein seasonal trend was presumed. Conversely, β-carotene content remained generally constant during ripening, with the exception of the south plots showing dissimilar evolution between the seasons. Furthermore, higher temperature in the less vigorous and south facing vineyards led to lower amounts of carotenoids, both during ripening and at harvest. Bunch zone temperature and light condition may affect both synthesis and degradation of grape carotenoids determining their amount and profile at harvest. These findings add further knowledge about the influence of climate changes on grape aroma precursors, and are useful to adapt cultural strategies and preserve grape quality consequently.

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6

Osynov, S. M. „Identification of distributed dynamic parameters life support systems of biological objects“. Electronics and Communications 16, Nr. 3 (28.03.2011): 167–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.20535/2312-1807.2011.16.3.266440.

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The theoretical questions of using the computers system for investigation the dynamics system for life-support of the agriculture biological objects is considered in this article. The structure of control system with sensors for identification the parametrs of artificial microclimat is studyed

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7

Goţia, Ioan. „Born of the Pierced Side. Observations on the Iconographic Theme of Christ the Vine in a Romanian Icon of the XIXth Century“. Studia Universitatis Babeș-Bolyai Theologia Catholica 67, Nr. 1-2 (30.12.2022): 97–143. http://dx.doi.org/10.24193/theol.cath.2022.06.

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"Né du côté percé. Observations sur le thème iconographique du Christ la Vigne dans une icône roumaine du XIXe siècle. En prenant comme point de départ la représentation du thème iconographique du Christ la Vigne dans une icône roumaine du XIXe siècle provenant de Șercaia (Transylvanie), la présente étude explore les origines de la représentation du motif de la vigne lié à la figure du Christ dans l’iconographie chrétienne primitive, les références bibliques et patristiques les plus significatives, la nouveauté de l’utilisation du motif du Christ la Vigne dans l’iconographie médiévale occidentale et dans les périodes ultérieures, pour ensuite se concentrer sur l’analyse de la spécificité de l’icône roumaine considérée ici. Synthèse iconographique et liturgique d’un sujet d’art dévotionnel occidental, accepté dans la sphère roumaine dès la seconde moitié du XVIIe siècle par la médiation de l’iconographie baroque ukrainienne, l’icône reflète l’inculturation du thème eucharistique du Christ la Vigne dans la spiritualité orientale roumaine. Mots-clés : Christ vigne ; Homme des douleurs ; iconographie paléochretienne; iconographie roumaine du XIXème siècle ; inculturation iconographique. "

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Hummell, Ann K., und David C. Ferree. „Influence of Crop Load and Cluster Microclimate on Yield and Fruit Quality in `Seyval Blanc'“. HortScience 31, Nr. 4 (August 1996): 575a—575. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.31.4.575a.

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A 2-year field study was initiated in 1994 to examine the interactions between crop load and cluster exposure and their influences on the yield and fruit quality of mature, own-rooted `Seyval blanc' grapevines. Light, moderate, and heavy crop loads were established near bloom by cluster-thinning vines planted at 2.6 × 3.0-m spacing to around 20, 40, and 80 clusters per vine, respectively. At veraison, three clusters per vine were given one of three natural shaded treatments: fully exposed, partially shaded, and densely shaded. Vines with the heavy crop load produced higher yields per vine and lower cluster and berry weights. Heavy vine clusters tended to be more green in 1994 and possessed lower pH and soluble solid concentrations in both years compared to other crop loads. Compared to densely shaded clusters, fully exposed clusters had smaller average cluster and berry weights, lower titratable acidity, higher pH and soluble solid concentrations, and more yellow coloration. In 1994, no significant interactions were found for any fruit quality or yield characteristics. In 1995, significant interactions were found for soluble solids and hue angle, but not for yield, pH, or titratable acidity. These results suggest that the crop load of the vine and microclimate around the cluster, in addition to their individual effects, sometimes interact to affect fruit quality in `Seyval blanc' wine grapes.

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9

Couderchet, Laurent. „Le tropisme viticole et la fermeture des paysages dans le nord de la Gironde“. Sud-Ouest européen 21, Nr. 1 (2006): 77–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/rgpso.2006.2914.

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Cette contribution s'inscrit en marge des descriptions enthousiastes et patrimoniales des paysages de la vigne. L'analyse du rapport individuel des producteurs du nord de la Gironde à l'agriculture en général et à la vigne en particulier révèle une forme de mythe vitivinicole dans l'aire bordelaise même ; elle est combinée à des traitements de données objectivables ayant trait aux structures de production (recensements) et à l'occupation du sol (télédétection). Cette double approche met en évidence le paradoxe d'une vigne à la fois facteur de prospérité et de déprise, elle détermine des centralités prospères et des périphéries sur lesquelles nous axons notre étude. La relative entropie du système polyculture vigne nord girondin, opposée pour les besoins de la démonstration à la nèguentropie d'un système laitier du Puy-de-Dôme, se traduit dans sa très faible réactivité aux changements et ses médiocres capacités d'innovation.

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10

Asproudi, Andriani, Maurizio Petrozziello, Silvia Cavalletto und Silvia Guidoni. „Grape aroma precursors in cv. Nebbiolo as affected by vine microclimate“. Food Chemistry 211 (November 2016): 947–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.05.070.

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11

Лапшин, Александр Александрович. „Influence of extraction chambers backfilling on microclimat of deep mines“. Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies 2, Nr. 10(68) (14.04.2014): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2014.22151.

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12

Van Leeuwen, Cornelis, Ph Guigal und Philippe Pieri. „Observations on the influence of vine covering by means of a transparent plastic sheet on berry ripening and wine quality (Saint-Emilion, 1995 and 1996)“. OENO One 32, Nr. 3 (30.09.1998): 129. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/oeno-one.1998.32.3.1048.

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<p style="text-align: justify;">Given the climat of the Bordeaux area, major climatic accidents can affect both the yield and the quality of the crop. Spring frost can destroy the future harvest, as happened in 1977 and 1991. Heavy rain in September can compromise a promising grape potential, evaluated at the end of August, and cause major <em>Botrytis</em> problems, as happened in 1963, 1965, 1968, and, more recently, in 1993. In this paper we discuss how soil and vine covering can contribute to avoid these problems. Vine covering, by means of a transparent plastic sheet, was experimented with in 1995 and 1996, between the end of March and early May, to reduce frost harm. In September of the same years, at the end of the ripening period, we studied the influence of soil covering (mentionned "BS") as well as soil and vine covering (mentionned as « BT ») on water status of the vines, microclimate, berry ripening and wine quality.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">In 1996, 14 p. cent of the buds were frozen in the control plot. No frost damage was noted underneath the plastic cover. In the same year, when most of our observations were made, supranormal rainfall in August preceeded the second period of soil and vine covering, carried out on 27th August. Under these conditions, we did not mesure any difference in vine water status until the harvest on the three plots. Microclimate was warmer and drier on the covered plots, especially underneath the over-vine cover.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">On the covered plots, yields were higher. In 1996, on BT, the vines carried more bunches, the bunches carried more berries and berry weight was higher. The control vines were significantly more affected by <em>Botrytis</em> compared to BS ; BT showed almost no rot. Berries on the covered plots showed a tendancy of having more sugar and total phenolics, and less malic acid. Separate microvinifications were done with 50 kg of grapes from each plot. Wine from BT was preferred over BS. Wine from the control plot was the least appreciated.</p>

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13

Heck, Maryline. „« Vigne, virus, ville, village, visage »“. Roman 20-50 51, Nr. 1 (2011): 107. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/r2050.051.0107.

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14

Vallet, Eric. „La vigne et le palmier.“ Revue des mondes musulmans et de la Méditerranée, Nr. 121-122 (10.04.2008): 53–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/remmm.4763.

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15

Luccioni, Pascal. „Lycurgue enlacé par la vigne“. Anthropologie et Sociétés 44, Nr. 3 (2020): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1078164ar.

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16

Carme, Rémi. „Beaucaire (Gard). Collège Eugène Vigne“. Archéologie médiévale, Nr. 39 (01.12.2009): 320. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/archeomed.20671.

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17

Mitterand, Henri. „La vigne et la maison“. Linx 3, Nr. 1 (1991): 13–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/linx.1991.1159.

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18

HAELEWYCK, J. C. „Le cantique de la vigne“. Ephemerides Theologicae Lovanienses 65, Nr. 4 (01.12.1989): 257–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.2143/etl.65.4.556421.

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19

Waterschoot, Werner. „Felix De Vigne als boekillustrator“. In Monte Artium 7 (Januar 2014): 115–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1484/j.ima.5.103288.

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20

Cutforth, H. W., B. G. McConkey, D. Ulrich, P. R. Miller und S. V. Angadi. „Yield and water use efficiency of pulses seeded directly into standing stubble in the semiarid Canadian Prairie“. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 82, Nr. 4 (01.10.2002): 681–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/p01-111.

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In semiarid climates, appropriate management of the previous crop stubble in combination with seeding method is important to improve growing conditions for the subsequent crop. To determine the effects of standing stubble of various heights on the microclimate and on the growth and yield of pulse crops, we seeded desi chickpea (Cicer arietinum L. “Cheston”), field pea (Pisum sativum L. “Grande”), and lentil (Lens culinaris L. “Laird”) directly into cultivated, short (15 to 18 cm), and tall (25 to 36 cm) spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) stubble. Standing stubble changed the microclimate near the soil surface by reducing soil temperatures, solar radiation, wind speed, and potential evapotranspiration throughout the life cycle of these crops. Microclimate effects were much more pronounced for tall versus short stubble. The three pulses responded similarly to increasing stubble height. Vine length increased as stubble height increased, but the plants did not stand more erect. However, there was a tendency for plant height to increase as stubble height increased. Tall and short stubble increased the overall average grain yield by 13 and 4% compared to cultivated stubble. Crop water use was not affected by stubble height so the increased grain production was due to increased water use efficiency. Tall and short stubble increased the overall average water use efficiency by 16 and 8% compared to cultivated stubble. Key words: Stubble height, pulse, microclimate, evapotranspiration, yield

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21

SINGH, SURENDER, V. U. M. RAO und DIW AN SINGH. „Microclimatic studies in summer moong (Vigna Radiata L. Wilczek) and bare fields“. MAUSAM 42, Nr. 3 (28.02.2022): 265–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.54302/mausam.v42i3.3229.

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An experiment was conducted to study the microclimate of summer moong in relation to bare field. Albedo values were higher at flowering than maturity stage. Air temperature values were lower in cropped field than bare field values at flowering and maturity stage. The average relative humidity deviations were 1.8,4.4,5.0 and 3.6 per cent at flowering and 2.2, 3.0,4.2, 3.8 and. 3.2 per cent at maturity stage at 0800, 1000, 1200, 1400 and 1700 IST. The wind speed values were lower in lower in cropped field than bare field.

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Anuar, Andi Fazlur Agung, und Karyati Karyati. „KARAKTERISTIK IKLIM MIKRO DI BAWAH TEGAKAN SENGON-KACANG PANJANG DAN JABON–BUNCIS“. ULIN: Jurnal Hutan Tropis 3, Nr. 2 (02.12.2019): 70. http://dx.doi.org/10.32522/ujht.v3i2.2919.

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The combination planting of forestry and agriculture plants influence microclimate under tree stand. The objective of this study was to investigate the characteristics of microclimate (air temperature, relative humidity, and light intensity) under stands of sengon (Falcataria moluccana)-long bean (Vigna cylindrica), jabon (Anthocephalus cadamba)-bean (Phaseolus vulgaris), and open area. The measurement of climate elements was conducted three times a day, such as in the morning (06.00-07.00), at noon (11.00-12.00), and afternoon (17.00-18.00) for 30 days by using Environment meter. The average light intensity were 533.5 lux, 534.3 lux, and 1919.7 lux under stands of sengon-long bean, jabon-bean, and open area. The average temperature under stands of sengon-long bean was 29.9°C, under jabon-bean was 30.0°C , and in the open area was 31.2°C. The average relative humidity under stands of sengon-long bean, jabon-bean, and open area were 69.5%, 69.3%, and 67.2%, respectively.

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Millward, Andrew A., und Michelle Blake. „When Trees Are Not an Option: Perennial Vines as a Complementary Strategy for Mitigating the Summer Warming of an Urban Microclimate“. Buildings 14, Nr. 2 (03.02.2024): 416. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings14020416.

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This study evaluates the potential of Boston Ivy (Parthenocissus tricuspidata) to reduce building surface temperature in a mid-latitude North American city center where vine use for this purpose is uncommon. Vegetation can regulate city summer temperatures by providing shade and evaporative cooling. While planting trees has been a focus for many urban municipalities, trees require space (above and below ground), access to water, costly planting and maintenance, and may only be desirable to some city residents. To explore viable vegetation alternatives with fewer growth constraints, we deployed temperature loggers on the exterior walls of buildings in the urban core of Toronto, Canada, a large mid-latitude city. Perennial vines shaded some walls, while others were bare. These devices systematically tracked exterior surface temperature fluctuations over six months, including the growing season, with full vine-leaf coverage. During peak solar access periods, average daily temperature differentials between vine-shaded and non-shaded building surfaces ranged from up to 6.5 °C on south-facing building exteriors to 7.0 °C on west-facing walls. Models were developed to estimate daily degree hour difference, a metric integrating the magnitude and duration of the temperature-moderating potential of vines. At ambient temperatures ≥ 23 °C, solar radiation intensity and ambient air temperature were positively correlated with vine effectiveness in mitigating the rise in built surface temperature; relative humidity was negatively associated. Installing vine cover on urban buildings in the form of green façades can complement tree planting as cities become hotter due to climate change, and space for growing trees diminishes with urban densification. Future research into the capacity of green façades to regulate outdoor temperature must establish uniform measurement protocols and undertake evaluations in diverse climatic scenarios.

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Azam, Marie-Hélène, Jérémy Bernard, Benjamin Morille, Marjorie Musy und Hervé Andrieu. „A pavement-watering thermal model for SOLENE-microclimat: Development and evaluation“. Urban Climate 25 (September 2018): 22–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.uclim.2018.04.005.

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25

La Vigne, Nancy. „NIJ puts science to work for justice system stakeholders“. Open Access Government 39, Nr. 1 (12.07.2023): 368–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.56367/oag-039-074-edit.

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NIJ puts science to work for justice system stakeholders Nancy La Vigne PhD, Director of the National Institute of Justice, shares perspectives on how the Institute advances justice across the nation and beyond, strengthening the scientific tools and discoveries that support justice system stakeholders. The National Institute of Justice’s job is to generate the science that advances justice, mostly through research grants it awards to colleges, universities, and research institutes. As Director, La Vigne manages their efforts to ensure that NIJ, firstly, invests in research that addresses today’s problems while working toward a safer future and, secondly, disseminates that research widely. Nancy La Vigne discusses how new research must engage justice system stakeholders in clear, practical terms they understand, why there is a need for research through an equity lens, and how we can put science to work for justice requires clear communication of practical applications.

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PROKOPENKO, L. „USE OF INTERACTIVE TECHNOLOGIES AND CREATION OF PERSONAL-DIRECTED SITUATIONS IN UKRAINIAN LANGUAGE ACTIVITIES FOR COLLEGE STUDENTS“. ТHE SOURCES OF PEDAGOGICAL SKILLS, Nr. 20 (22.11.2017): 209–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.33989/2075-146x.2017.20.209815.

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Every year Ukranian education become more open. Innovation methods are intergrated more often, new educational progects that are supported by international organisation and universities. Organisation of interaction education provides modelinfg of life situations, solving which educate In students appropriate life competence, facilitates outputing values, making advantegous microclimat for developing all-sufficient personality, gives an opportunity to the pedagog become a real leader of a students’ collective.Interactive technologies for organizing the learning process have been reviewed and analyzed. A detailed description of person- oriented type of training is provided.

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Legouy, François. „Les nouveaux paysages de la vigne“. Pour N° 237-238, Nr. 1 (2019): 427. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/pour.237.0427.

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Selosse, Marc-André. „La Vigne, miracle de la nature ?“ Pour la Science N° 538 – août, Nr. 8 (29.07.2022): 20a. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/pls.538.0020a.

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Nahapétian, Naïri. „Le climat menace la vigne française“. Alternatives Économiques N° 338, Nr. 9 (01.09.2014): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/ae.338.0042.

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Boulay, Michel. „Des gènes pour protéger la vigne?“ Biofutur 1997, Nr. 172 (November 1997): 50–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0294-3506(97)89046-1.

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31

Fallot, Jean, Corine Deswarte, Sylvie Dalmayrac, Ségolène Colrat und Jean-Paul Roustan. „L'eutypiose de la vigne : isolement d'une molécule synthétisée par Eutypa lata et toxique pour la vigne“. Comptes Rendus de l'Académie des Sciences - Series III - Sciences de la Vie 320, Nr. 2 (Februar 1997): 149–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0764-4469(97)85006-8.

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Cornelis, Van Leeuwen, und Gérard Seguin. „Incidence de l'alimentation en eau de la vigne, appreciee par l'etat hydrique du feuillage, sur le developpement de l'appareil vegetatif et la maturation du raisin (Vitis vinifera variété Cabernet franc, Saint-Emilion 1990)“. OENO One 28, Nr. 2 (30.06.1994): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/oeno-one.1994.28.2.1152.

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<p style="text-align: justify;">Dans huit parcelles de l'A.O.G. Saint-Emilion, dont certaines possèdent une nappe d'eau à portée des racines, nous avons étudié le régime hydrique par des mesures du potentiel hydrique foliaire au cours d'un été chaud et sec (1990) sur le cépage Cabemet franc. Ce potentiel est faiblement négatif sur les sols avec une nappe d'eau, ce qui indique que l'alimentation en eau de la vigne n'y est pas ou peu limitée. Il est fortement négatif à partir de la véraison sur les sols sableux à sous-sol très argileux et le plus fortement négatif sur un sol graveleux. Dans une parcelle située sur le calcaire à Astéries, le potentiel foliaire est assez fortement négatif au moment de la véraison, mais la diminution ne se poursuit pas jusqu'au moment des vendanges.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">La plupart des caractéristiques viticoles et oenologiques que nous avons mesurées sur les différentes parcelles sont corrélées avec les valeurs du potentiel foliaire. Sur les sols où l'alimentation en eau de la vigne est abondante, le cycle phénologique de la vigne est plus tardif, la vitesse de croissance et la longueur totale des rameaux sont plus importantes et le poids des bois de taille est plus élevé. En revanche, la puissance et la vigueur des souches sont plus faibles si l'alimentation en eau est limitée. Sur les sols avec une nappe d'eau, le poids des baies est plus élevé, les raisins sont moins riches en sucre, en anthocyanes et en composés phénoIiques et plus riches en acide malique par rapport aux sols qui induisent un déficit hydrique. Cet état de fait traduit un potentiel oenologique moins intéressant.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Ces observations soulignent l'importance de l'alimentation en eau de la vigne, en zone tempérée, sur le comportement de la vigne et l'intérêt d'un régime hydrique modéré pour l'obtention d'un fruit de bonne qualité oenologique.</p>

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Zhang, Dongsheng, James R. Brandle, Kenneth G. Hubbard, Laurie Hodges und Entin Daningsih. „The Response of Muskmelon Growth and Development to Microclimate Modification by Shelterbelts“. HortScience 34, Nr. 1 (Februar 1999): 64–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.34.1.64.

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The relationships between shelterbelt (tree windbreak)-induced microclimate and muskmelon (Cucumis melo L.) growth and development were investigated at the Univ. of Nebraska-Lincoln Agricultural Research and Development Center near Mead, Nebr., during the 1992 and 1993 growing seasons. Wind speed, wind direction, air and soil temperatures, relative humidity, and soil moisture were monitored in both sheltered and nonsheltered areas. Plant growth parameters (plant height, vine length, plant dry weight, and leaf area) were measured at various stages of development. Shelterbelts provided improved growing conditions for muskmelon transplants. Direct wind damage and duration of higher wind speeds were reduced 47% to 56% in sheltered areas. Air temperatures in sheltered areas were slightly higher during daytime and slightly lower at night, and significantly so early in the growing season. Relative humidity was increased significantly in sheltered areas in 1992 and, while higher in 1993, the difference was nonsignificant. Soil moisture content was not affected significantly by wind protection. Sheltered plants exhibited earlier development and faster growth. The first female flower appeared 2 days earlier in sheltered areas in both years. The first fruit set, as indicated by fruit swelling and retention on the vine, occurred 6 days earlier and matured 5 and 6 days earlier in sheltered areas in 1992 and 1993, respectively. Leaf areas and dry-matter accumulation of sheltered plants were greater than those of exposed plants. The shoot relative growth rate of sheltered plants increased earlier in the growing season, but decreased slightly later in the growing season. The earlier development and faster growth of sheltered plants were related mainly to the reduction of wind speed, higher total accumulated air temperatures during the daylight hours (sum of daily average daytime air temperatures based on hourly averages), and higher soil temperature in sheltered areas. Total yields were not affected significantly in either year; however, early yields were significantly greater in sheltered areas in 1993. If earlier maturity and increased yield are possible in large sheltered fields, this practice would provide an economic benefit to producers.

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Pigeon, Grégoire, Aude LEMONSU, Valery MASSON und Julia HIDALGO. „De l'observation du microclimat urbain à la modélisation intégrée de la ville“. La Météorologie 8, Nr. 62 (2008): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4267/2042/19174.

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Marchot, P., P. L. Leroy, Serge Janicot und B. Guillot. „Faible taux glossinaire dans les plaines d'Accra et perspectives de développement de l'élevage“. Revue d’élevage et de médecine vétérinaire des pays tropicaux 42, Nr. 3 (01.03.1989): 447–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.19182/remvt.8811.

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Le Ranch d'Elevage d'Aveyime, situé au Ghana dans les plaines d'Accra est un centre de sélection bovine. La conformation du cheptel West African Shorthorn y est améliorée par croisement avec des zébus White Fulani. Un microclimat très sec caractérise la plaine par rapport aux régions qui se trouvent sous les mêmes latitudes. La rareté de la mouche tsé-tsé, et par suite, de la trypanosomose en sont des conséquences qui permettent une telle amélioration génétique. Celle-ci doit être poursuivie, étant donné qu'aucun facteur susceptible de modifier les conditions climatiques, donc la répartition des mouches, ne doit se manifester.

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de Palma, Laura, Patrizio Limosani, lva Marasovic, Sandra Pati, Giuliano Vox, Evelia Scettini und Vittorino Novello. „Vineyard protection with rain-shelter: relationships between radiometric properties of plastic covers and table grape quality“. BIO Web of Conferences 13 (2019): 04007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20191304007.

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The rise of unpredictable, heavy rainfalls increases incidence of diseases, berry rot, berry cracking, and enhance the need for rain shelters. The influence of the type of rain shelter on microclimate and grape quality is still little explored. The aim of this trial was to investigate the radiometric properties of a new type of cover, its effect on vineyard microclimate and on table grape quality, as compared with a reference cover, during a vintage with unusually abundant precipitation for Southern Italy. The new cover was characterized by lower transmissivity to IRshort radiation, and by a very higher transmissivity to UV radiation. It showed a tendency to decrease air temperature by 1 °C, increase RH by 2–3%, reduce VPD, and improve vine water status with respect to the reference. At harvest, grapes covered with the new sheet had higher TSS concentration, TSS / TA ratio, total skin polyphenol and flavonoids content, and berry skin resistance to rupture. Those berries, moreover, increased the level of volatile compounds such as linalool, typical of ‘Italia’ muscat aroma, and terpineol.

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Raffaello Pengue, Simone. „La doppia natura dei suicidi del canto XIII dell’Inferno: un parallelismo con la dualità onda-particella nella fisica quantistica“. Forum Italicum: A Journal of Italian Studies 55, Nr. 2 (14.06.2021): 336–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00145858211022607.

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The hybrid nature of the human–plant suicidal souls explored through the character of Pier delle Vigne in Inferno XIII exhibits unique characteristics in the Comedy’s first cantica. For centuries the Wood of the Suicides has demanded the attention of readers and scholars alike and yet the interplay and structure of their coexisting identities remain subject to lively debate. As an analytical tool, Dante’s encounter with Pier delle Vigne is compared to the wave–particle duality of light, a peculiar phenomenon of quantum physics. Indeed just as the suicides are at once true human and true plant, light behaves simultaneously as wave and particle depending on the experiment performed. The two complementary descriptions of light are mirrored in the duality of Pier delle Vigne, allowing a schematic restating of the canto emphasizing the multisensory interaction between Dante and the sinner. The hybrid nature of the damned soul thus becomes an expression of the contrasting judgments of Dante–theologian and Dante–poet on this character. Furthermore, the analogy shows how the anonymous suicide from Florence introduced at the end of the canto embodies the ambivalent perspective of Dante on the city of Florence itself.

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Rienth, Markus, Frederic Lamy, Patrik Schoenenberger, Dorothea Noll, Fabrice Lorenzini, Olivier Viret und Vivian Zufferey. „A vine physiology-based terroir study in the AOC-Lavaux region in Switzerland“. OENO One 54, Nr. 4 (15.10.2020): 699–716. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/oeno-one.2020.54.4.3756.

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Understanding how different pedoclimatic conditions interact with vine and berry physiology, and subsequently impact wine quality, is paramount for an good valorization of viticultural terroirs and can help to optimize mitigation strategies in the face of global warming.The aim of the present study was to establish terroir zones in a steep slope region in Switzerland based on vine and berry physiology. The study area, Villette in the AOC Lavaux, was a unique experimental site due to the homogeneity of plant material in a relatively small microclimate (140 ha) and a multiplicity of different expositions, soil types and altitudes. Vine and berry physiology as well as temperature of twenty-two plots were monitored during three consecutive seasons to investigate whether a link with pedoclimatic parameters can be established.The annual temporal variation of the average temperature was 142 growing degree days (GDD) over all years. Remarkably, spatial temperature variability was twice as high, with a variation between most extreme plots of 395 GDDs on average over all years. PCA and hierarchical clustering of assessed vine and berry physiological parameters resulted in a vintage dependent grouping of plots differing between years, which was not congruent with geological entities. This highlights the importance of the vintage effect, which had a large influence on vine and berry physiology and impacted terroir zones more than soil groups. Important differences in budburst and flowering were observed between plots, whereas altitude was the main driver of precocity in all years, being relatively independent of the vintage, which confirms the importance of topography in viticultural terroirs.

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Bourada, Lonny. „Metz (Moselle). 32, rue Vigne Saint-Avold“. Archéologie médiévale, Nr. 44 (01.12.2014): 199. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/archeomed.9077.

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Lacaze, Stéphanie. „Les Chinois mènent la vigne de château“. Alternatives Internationales N° 56, Nr. 9 (01.09.2012): 72. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/ai.056.0072.

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Huetz de Lemps, Alain. „La vigne américaine au secours de l'Europe“. Cahiers d'outre-mer 45, Nr. 179 (1992): 461–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/caoum.1992.3458.

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Boursiquot, Jean-Michel, Thierry Lacombe, Valérie Laucou und Konstantinos Bakasietas. „La “Vigne de Pausanias” : mythe et ADN“. Food and History 11, Nr. 2 (Juli 2013): 27–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1484/j.food.5.102101.

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Trandem, Beate. „Une vigne peut-elle vivre en Norvège?“ FORUM / Revue internationale d’interprétation et de traduction / International Journal of Interpretation and Translation 2, Nr. 2 (01.10.2004): 143–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/forum.2.2.09tra.

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Meignoz, R., E. Boudon-Padieu, J. Larrue und A. Caudwell. „Flavescence dorée de la Vigne. Présence de MLO et Effets Cytopathogènes Associés, dans le Liber de la Vigne“. Journal of Phytopathology 134, Nr. 1 (Januar 1992): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0434.1992.tb01205.x.

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Al-Bakre, Dhafer A. „Diversity of Indicator and Dominant Plant Species along Elevation Gradients in Prince Mohammad Bin Salman Nature Reserve, KSA“. Diversity 15, Nr. 10 (12.10.2023): 1081. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d15101081.

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It is essential to protect and preserve biodiversity, especially in habitats in which natural resources are scarce. The differing flora and vegetation distribution on the broad, arid landscape at the Crown Prince Mohammed Bin Salman Nature Reserve has yet to be investigated. Based on GPS coordination and the transitional zone of plant communities, 48 symmetric plots of 50 × 50 m2 were distributed evenly over six elevations. In this study, we recorded 70 species in 33 families and elucidated floristic traits correlated with elevation. High species richness was recorded for the families Fabaceae, Poaceae, Asteraceae, and Chenopodiaceae. High numbers of chamaephyte and phanerophyte species were observed. In the chorotype, the mono-regional component contained 47% of the species, the bi-regional component 35.7%, and multi-regional and worldwide species comprised 10% and 7%, respectively. This study noted the growth habits of 23 herbs, 15 shrubs, 10 trees, and a single species of grass, vine, climber, and mistletoe. Diversity indices, indicator species, dominant plant communities, and soil profiles were compared for the defined zones of elevation. Alpha and beta diversity were high at elevations of ≥1000, 800, and ≤100 ma.s.l., compared to elevations of 600 m, 400 m, and 200 m. The highest species richness and species turnover were recorded at elevations of ≥1000, 800, and ≤100 m, while species evenness was greater at elevations of 600, 400, and 200 m. Vegetation analyses and indicator species (based on relative abundance) showed species variation with elevation. Species domination was influenced by physical soil structure and soil chemistry. Microclimates, including temperature and relative humidity variations, were found to be a significant driver in the ecosystem, resulting in varying plant diversity and species distribution at different elevations. Through canonical correspondence analysis (CCA), we used an autocorrelation of elevations, plant species, and soil properties to identify three phytogeographic categories that were presumed to be a proxy of microclimate change: Category I: elevations 1000 m and 800 m, including Retama raetam, Zilla Spinosa, and Vachellia gerrardii linked with sandy soil; Category II: elevations 600 m and 400 m, including species Haloxylon salicornicum, Rhazya stricta, and Leptadenia pyrotechnica linked with enriched soils containing CaCO3 and HCO3 and having a clay texture; and Category III: elevations 200 m and 100 m, including Zygophyllum coccineum, Tamarix nilotica, and Hyphaene thebaica, which thrived in salinity and silt soils. The spatial vegetation patterns of the xeric environment and its transition zones in Prince Mohammed Bin Salman Nature Reserve were also documented. It is recommended that microclimate effects on species nominated for vegetation restoration or afforestation be considered for the optimal management of this important nature reserve.

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Delâge, Denys. „Les chênes et les vignes du monastère des Augustines de l’Hôpital Général de Québec“. Culture et société au XIXe siècle, Nr. 64 (14.03.2011): 291–310. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/045794ar.

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Le patrimoine horticole des communautés religieuses du Canada français est méconnu et négligé. À l’Hôpital Général de Québec, fondé en 1692, nous avons contribué à identifier deux chênes blancs anciens (Quercus alba L.) et une vigne, probablement le cultivar August Giant. il y eut déjà probablement de l’Amber Queen et peut-être du Pocklington. il n’existe pas de traces de la culture de la vigne à l’Hôpital Général avant 1894. Les jardins des Augustines nourrissaient à l’année l’Hôpital et le monastère produisant l’ensemble de fruits et légumes cultivables sous le climat de Québec. Ajoutons le tabac, un ersatz du café (fèves gourganes, Vicia Faba Major), le miel. Les pratiques horticoles s’inspiraient dès le XIXe siècle du meilleur savoir scientifique en agriculture.

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Garrido, Andreia, Jasper Engel, Roland Mumm, Artur Conde, Ana Cunha und Ric C. H. De Vos. „Metabolomics of Photosynthetically Active Tissues in White Grapes: Effects of Light Microclimate and Stress Mitigation Strategies“. Metabolites 11, Nr. 4 (30.03.2021): 205. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/metabo11040205.

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The effects of climate change are becoming a real concern for the viticulture sector, with impacts on both grapevine physiology and the quality of the fresh berries and wine. Short-term mitigation strategies, like foliar kaolin application and smart irrigation regimes, have been implemented to overcome these problems. We previously showed that these strategies also influence the photosynthetic activity of the berries themselves, specifically in the exocarp and seed. In the present work, we assessed the modulating effects of both canopy-light microclimate, kaolin and irrigation treatments on the metabolic profiles of the exocarp and seed, as well as the potential role of berry photosynthesis herein. Berries from the white variety Alvarinho were collected at two contrasting light microclimate positions within the vine canopy (HL—high light and LL—low light) from both irrigated and kaolin-treated plants, and their respective controls, at three fruit developmental stages (green, véraison and mature). Untargeted liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LCMS) profiling of semi-polar extracts followed by multivariate statistical analysis indicate that both the light microclimate and irrigation influenced the level of a series of phenolic compounds, depending on the ripening stage of the berries. Moreover, untargeted gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GCMS) profiling of polar extracts show that amino acid and sugar levels were influenced mainly by the interaction of irrigation and kaolin treatments. The results reveal that both photosynthetically active berry tissues had a distinct metabolic profile in response to the local light microclimate, which suggests a specific role of photosynthesis in these tissues. A higher light intensity within the canopy mainly increased the supply of carbon precursors to the phenylpropanoid/flavonoid pathway, resulting in increased levels of phenolic compounds in the exocarp, while in seeds, light mostly influenced compounds related to carbon storage and seed development. In addition, our work provides new insights into the influence of abiotic stress mitigation strategies on the composition of exocarps and seeds, which are both important tissues for the quality of grape-derived products.

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Doignon, F., und Caroline Couty. „Action des inhibiteurs de la biosynthèse de l'ergostérol sur la fermentation alcoolique du moût de raisin blanc“. OENO One 26, Nr. 2 (30.06.1992): 87. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/oeno-one.1992.26.2.1198.

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<p style="text-align: justify;">Les fongicides appartenant aux familles des Triazoles et Imidazoles agissent en bloquant la voie de biosynthèse de l'ergostérol chez les champignons parasites de la vigne. Ils sont très utilisés pour lutter contre l'oïdium et le black-rot; mais ces fongicides perturbent la maturation des raisins traités, ainsi que la fermentation alcoolique en induisant chez la levure des modifications du métabolisme des acides gras et des stérols, modifiant ainsi la composition lipidique. On constate dans la pratique que des résidus de ces fongicides se retrouvent dans les moûts de vigne traitée et ralentissent la vitesse de fermentation. Une conséquence est l'augmentation de la fréquence des arrêts de fermentation outre, des modifications concernant les qualités organoleptiques des vins issus de ces raisins.</p>

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Kozhukhar, G. S. „Phenomenology of Different Forms of Psychological Violence among Youth: Foreign Studies“. Psychological-Educational Studies 6, Nr. 2 (2014): 230–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/psyedu.2014060220.

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We provide an overview of modern Western literature devoted to the problem of psychological violence and its various manifestations in the education system, particularly at school. We briefly characterize the approaches to the problem of violence, describe the results of several studies demonstrating the relationship of the psychological climate at school and academic performance, the probability of applying for support to teachers and peers, give the specific facts of influence of sex, age and other socio- psychological characteristics, extending and specifying the notion of phenomenology of psychological violence. We show the role of cultural values and school microclimat as fundamental factors of violence prevention. Our recommendations are aimed at the prevention and reduction of violence in the modern education system (in particular, bullying and cyberbullying).

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Mayer, Emmanuelle. „Elle recycle les déchets bois de la vigne“. DARD/DARD N° 3, Nr. 1 (02.11.2020): 144–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/dard.003.0144.

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