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1
Barnes, Vincent. An appraisal of the micro-Deval abrasion test with specific attention to the prediction of results using quantitative petrographic examination. [London]: Queen Mary and Westfield College, 1992.
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2
Orehov, Vladimir, Tat'yana Orehova und Konstantin Baldin. Anti-crisis management. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1093041.
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The anti-crisis management of the economy and national security of the Russian Federation in modern conditions (pandemics, hybrid wars, competitive restrictions and anti-Russian propaganda from the West), approaches to Western sanctions as new opportunities for the development of the Russian Federation are considered. The ways of developing an innovative economy and increasing the productivity of aggregate labor as the main sources that ensure the accelerated development of the country are outlined. Attention is paid to the peculiarities of social partnership, economic and financial crises in the trends of macro - and micro-development, the role of investment as a financial source of anti-crisis management. The theoretical and practical foundations of the insolvency (bankruptcy) of enterprises and individual entrepreneurs, the methodology of the enterprise's recovery from the crisis, forecasting the results of anti-crisis management are described.
Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation.
For undergraduate, graduate, postgraduate students and teachers of higher educational institutions of economic specialties, as well as researchers, managers and managers of firms.
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Orehov, Vladimir, Tat'yana Orehova, Konstantin Baldin, Vladimir Busov und Nina Perekalina. Crisis management. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1085324.
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The textbook examines the anti-crisis management of the economy and security of the Russian Federation in the context of international economic and political sanctions, financial, information and computer attacks and challenges, attempts at military confrontation with Russia, as well as management in the context of reforming, transforming the economy by moving away from the liberal paradigm, taking into account trends at the macro and micro levels. The theoretical and practical foundations of the insolvency (bankruptcy) of enterprises, methods of forecasting the results of anti-crisis management of the organization are described. The role of investments as a source of anti-crisis management, as well as innovations and increasing the productivity of aggregate labor as the main factors ensuring the growth of the country's economy is analyzed. Attention is paid to the peculiarities of social partnership, ensuring economic security, and the methodology of the company's recovery from the crisis.
Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation.
For undergraduate, graduate, postgraduate students and teachers of higher educational institutions with economic areas of training and specialties, as well as researchers, managers and managers of firms.
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Bechky, Perry S. Microinvestment Disputes. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198795650.003.0011.
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When Salini v Morocco held that the word ‘investment’ in the ICSID Convention has an objective meaning that limits the ability of Member States to submit disputes to ICSID arbitration, the tribunal included ‘a contribution to development’ as an element of its definition. This chapter introduces the concept of a micro-investment dispute, which focuses attention on small investments giving rise to ICSID cases. The micro-investment lens reveals the failings of Salini’s contribution-to-development prong. By conditioning ICSID jurisdiction on an individualized showing of such a contribution, this prong disproportionately burdens micro-investors, inhibiting their access to ICSID despite the fact that the drafters of the ICSID Convention specifically rejected a minimum size requirement. In so doing, the development prong also limits ICSID’s value to those who need it most. In the name of promoting development, Salini may well undercut it.
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Oosterlynck, Stijn, Gert Verschraegen und Ronald van Kempen, Hrsg. Divercities. Policy Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781447338178.001.0001.
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How do people deal with diversity in deprived and mixed urban neighbourhoods? This book provides a comparative international perspective on superdiversity in cities, with explicit attention given to social inequality and social exclusion on a neighbourhood level. Although public discourses on urban diversity are often negative, this book focuses on how residents actively and creatively come and live together through micro-level interactions. By deliberately taking an international perspective on the daily lives of residents, the book uncovers the ways in which national and local contexts shape living in diversity. The book will be a valuable resource for researchers and students of poverty, segregation and social mix, conviviality, the effects of international migration, urban and neighbourhood policies and governance, multiculturality, social networks, social cohesion, social mobility, and super-diversity.
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Sunardi, Christina. Where Tradition, Power, and Gender Intersect. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252038952.003.0006.
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This chapter analyzes performer interactions, bringing together many of the themes and issues discussed in previous chapters to demonstrate some of the ways that micro-moments of interaction on- and offstage are critical moments of complex cultural and ideological work. Building on Benjamin Brinner's attention to the importance of competence and authority in shaping interactions between performers as well as the ways such interactions affect what is performed, this chapter focuses on the relationship between the dancer and the drummer. It argues that contradictions between dominant ideologies that privilege the knowledge of a more senior male and a performance structure in which leadership roles are flexible provide spaces for men and women to negotiate their authority and articulate senses of gender in different ways as they negotiate the form and content of a dance.
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Budelmann, Felix, und Tom Phillips. Introduction. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198805823.003.0001.
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After a brief discussion of the anthropological model that has transformed lyric scholarship in recent decades (highlighting both achievements and areas that have received little attention), two meanings of ‘Textual Events’ are set out. The first relates to pragmatics: lyric texts create their own settings, which variously interact with the actual circumstances of the performance. The second gestures to the concept of ‘event’ in contemporary philosophy: lyric creates unique interpretative, sensory, and emotive encounters with each listener and reader. A case is made for applying the term ‘literary’ to Greek lyric, despite (and because of) its anachronism. The remainder of the Introduction develops the notion of context (to encompass intellectual context), discussing continuities and discontinuities with context in book lyric; sets out ‘lyric moves’ (micro-traditions within the genre); and discusses aspects of performance not fully captured by the anthropological paradigm.
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Welsh, Jennifer M. R2P’s Next Ten Years. Herausgegeben von Alex J. Bellamy und Tim Dunne. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198753841.013.53.
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This chapter argues that, although the principle of R2P was initially underpinned by strongly cosmopolitan roots, since 2009 it has been defined and implemented in ways that elevate the importance of state responsibility. This trend may have fostered political consensus and given R2P added normative grounding, but it has also obscured both the challenges posed by non-state actors and the opportunities for implementation that exist beyond and below the state. R2P implementation in the next decade will be advanced by micro-level efforts to embed atrocity crime prevention and response into the work of a variety of actors in international society. This agenda requires not only increased attention to those regional or local actors in a position to prevent or respond to atrocity crimes, but also deeper engagement with the specific elements of each of the four crimes and violations specified in the 2005 Summit Outcome Document.
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McClurg, Scott D., Casey A. Klofstad und Anand Edward Sokhey. Discussion Networks. Herausgegeben von Jennifer Nicoll Victor, Alexander H. Montgomery und Mark Lubell. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190228217.013.21.
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While political network research is often a holistic enterprise, the network paradigm can also be used to study individual behavior. Specifically, rather than focusing on full network structures, a well-established area of research considers individuals’ “core” networks, their perceptions of interpersonal connections, and the consequences of said micro-social environments for myriad political outcomes and processes. This chapter examines this research tradition, tracing the history of its use in the study of political behavior. It begins with discussion of network research, paying specific attention to “egocentric” network name generator techniques. It then outlines several challenges to this research paradigm: (1) the difficulty of making causal inferences, (2) debates over concept and measurement, and (3) questions about mechanisms of influence. The chapter concludes by reviewing advances in the field that have developed from these challenges and points toward next steps in this research agenda, focused on the connected citizenry.
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Darrigol, Olivier. Atoms, Mechanics, and Probability. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198816171.001.0001.
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One of the pillars of modern science, statistical mechanics, owes much to one man, the Austrian physicist Ludwig Boltzmann (1844–1906). As a result of his unusual working and writing styles, his enormous contribution remains little read and poorly understood. The purpose of this book is to make the Boltzmann corpus more accessible to physicists, philosophers, and historians, and so give it new life. The means are introductory biographical and historical materials, detailed and lucid summaries of every relevant publication, and a final chapter of critical synthesis. Special attention is given to Boltzmann’s theoretical tool-box and to his patient construction of lofty formal systems, even before their full conceptual import could be known. This constructive tendency largely accounts for his lengthy style, for the abundance of new constructions, for the relative vagueness of their object, and for the puzzlement of commentators. This book will help the reader cross the stylistic barrier and see how ingeniously Boltzmann combined atoms, mechanics, and probability to invent new bridges between the micro- and macro-worlds.
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Beaman, Lori G. Deep Equality in an Era of Religious Diversity. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198803485.001.0001.
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While religious conflict receives plenty of attention, the everyday negotiation of religious diversity does not. Questions of how to accommodate religious minorities and of the limits of tolerance resonate in a variety of contexts and have become central preoccupations for many Western democracies. What might we see if we turned our attention to the positive narratives and success stories of the everyday working out of religious difference? Rather than ‘tolerance’ and ‘accommodation’, and through the stories of ordinary people, this book traces deep equality, which is found in the respect, humour, neighbourliness, and friendship of seemingly mundane interactions. Deep Equality in an Era of Religious Diversity posits that the telling of such stories can create an alternative narrative to that of diversity as a problem to be solved. It does so by exploring the non-event, or micro-processes of interaction that constitute the foundation for deep equality and the conditions under which deep equality emerges, exists, and sometimes flourishes. Although the focus of this book is deep equality and its existence and persistence in relation to religious difference, deep equality is located beyond the realm of religion. This book draws from the work of those whose primary focus is not in fact religion, and who are doing their own ‘deep equality’ work in other domains, illustrating especially why equality matters. By retelling and exploring stories of negotiation it is possible to reshape our social imaginary to better facilitate what works, which varies from place to place and time to time.
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Timonen, Virpi, Hrsg. Grandparenting Practices around the World. Policy Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781447340645.001.0001.
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This book is a sequel to Contemporary grandparenting, published in 2012 (Arber and Timonen, 2012). Both macro and micro level issues are covered, with a particular focus on gender, welfare states, economic development, and grandparental agency; this ensures that the book covers many topic areas of greatest relevance and interest. It emphasises that grandparenting takes many diverse forms and cannot be reduced to a small number of ‘types’. Grandparenting has evolved considerably, and continues to evolve, as a result of both socio-demographic and economic influences, and grandparents’ own agency. The book contains analyses of topics that have so far received relatively little attention, such as transnational grandparenting and gender differences in grandparenting practices. It is the only collection that brings together theory-driven research on grandparenting from a wide variety of cultural and welfare state contexts - including chapters on Europe, North America, Africa, Asia and Australia - drawing broad lines of debate as well as outlining country-level analyses. The book therefore combines up-to-date empirical findings with new theorising that will be relevant to academics, researchers, students, and experts working in the realms of family and old-age policy and practice.
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Ochoa, Rolando. Intimate Crimes. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198798460.001.0001.
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This book analyses the survival strategies that wealthy people in Mexico City have designed and implemented to protect themselves from kidnapping, with special focus on household employment relationships. This particular crime has demonstrated a particular evolution in the last twenty years that deserves analysis. Once a political crime, it became an economic crime that at first only targeted wealthy individuals and then over time began targeting working-class victims. This book presents a detailed history of the evolution of kidnapping in the period 1968 to 2009. It links this evolution to processes of democratization and liberalization which took place in Mexico since the 1980s. This is followed by an in-depth analysis of the strategies used by potential kidnapping victims to protect themselves from this crime, from the community level to the micro-individual level. Special attention is focused on the hiring process of household employees, namely drivers, as evidence suggests that most kidnappings are organized or facilitated in some way by a close collaborator of the victim. In this case, the book focuses on the hiring of drivers in the household. The hiring process is approached as a problem of trust. Signaling theory is the main framework used for solving this problem, as well as some ideas found in transaction cost economics, namely vertical integration.
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Van Vleet, Krista E. Hierarchies of Care. University of Illinois Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5622/illinois/9780252042782.001.0001.
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This book explores how young women navigate everyday moral dilemmas, develop understandings of self, and negotiate hierarchies of power, as they endeavor to “make life better” for themselves and their children. The ethnography is based on sixteen months of qualitative research (2009-2010, 2013, 2014) in an international NGO-run residence for young mothers and their children in the highland Andean region of Cusco, Peru. Drawing on feminist intersectionality theory, anthropological scholarship on reproduction and relatedness, and perspectives on the dialogical, or joint, production of social life and experience, this ethnography enriches understandings of ordinary life as the site of moral experience, and positions young women’s everyday practices, subjectivities, and hopes for the future at the story’s center. These mostly poor and working-class indigenous and mestiza girls care for their children and are positioned simultaneously as youth in need of care. As they seek to create a “good life” and future for themselves, these young women frame themselves as moral and modern individuals. Bringing attention to various dimensions of caring for, and caring by, young women illuminates broad social and political economic processes (deeply rooted gender inequalities, systemic racism, global humanitarianism) that shape their experiences and aspirations for the future. Tracing the micro-politics, everyday talk, and creative expression illuminates the dynamic processes through which individuals develop complex and changing senses of self, sociality, and morality.
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Golder, Sona N., Ignacio Lago, André Blais, Elisabeth Gidengil und Thomas Gschwend. Multi-Level Electoral Politics. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198791539.001.0001.
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National-level elections receive more attention from scholars and the media than elections at other levels, even though in many European countries the importance of both regional and European levels of government has grown in recent years. The growing importance of multiple electoral arenas suggests that scholars should be cautious about examining single levels in isolation. Taking the multi-level structure of electoral politics seriously requires a re-examination of how the incentives created by electoral institutions affect the behaviour of voters and party elites. The standard approach to analysing multi-level elections is the second-order election model, in which national elections are considered to be first-order elections while other elections are second order. However, this model does not provide micro mechanisms that determine how elections in one arena affect those in another, or explain variations in individual voting behaviour. The objective of this book is to explain how party and voter behaviour in a given election is affected by the existence of multiple electoral arenas. This book uses original qualitative and quantitative data to examine European, national, and subnational elections in France, Germany, and Spain from 2011 to 2015. Party mobilization efforts across multiple electoral arenas are examined, as well as decisions by individual voters with respect to turnout, strategic voting, and accountability. This book provides the first systematic analysis of multi-level electoral politics at three different levels across multiple countries.
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Josselson, Ruthellen. Narrative and Cultural Humility. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197512579.001.0001.
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This is a story of the decade-long collision of cultures as the American author teaches group therapy in China. The basic assumptions of the two cultures become visible when clashes in understanding human experience and human relationships become the focus of attention. The author learned about the need for cultural humility in trying to narrate both her own experience and the experiences of her students. The author examines deep psychological encounters between people with radically different worldviews. In China, many people thought of her as “a Good Witch” and a magical being because her approach to therapy was profoundly healing for many. Her efforts to teach her theories and techniques, not at all magical to her, revealed cultural differences both subtle and pervasive. The author discusses what it means to deeply encounter people of a different culture, what it taught her about herself and her Western mind—and also what is universally human. In closely observed, sometimes momentary, interpersonal exchanges, culture emerges from the shadows. Because psychotherapy is such an intricately relational process, it reveals taken-for-granted ways of being in the world. Only in narrative can these processes be illuminated, and this book details the micro-level of encounters with the “Other.” The author invites readers to learn from the challenges she experienced as people from different cultures try to make sense of one another. The author compares her experience with existing scholarship on East/West differences in cognition and social organization and argues that the hegemonic individualistic/collectivistic distinction is not useful.
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Levin, Dov H. Meddling in the Ballot Box. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197519882.001.0001.
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This book examines why partisan electoral interventions occur as well as their effects on the election results in countries in which the great powers intervened. A new dataset shows that the U.S. and the USSR/Russia have intervened in one out of every nine elections between 1946 and 2000 in other countries in order to help or hinder one of the candidates or parties; the Russian intervention in the 2016 U.S. elections is just the latest example. Nevertheless, electoral interventions receive scant scholarly attention. This book develops a new theoretical model to answer both questions. It argues that electoral interventions are usually “inside jobs,” occurring only if a significant domestic actor within the target wants it. Likewise, electoral interventions won’t happen unless the intervening country fears its interests are endangered by another significant party or candidate with very different and inflexible preferences. As for the effects it argues that such meddling usually gives a significant boost to the preferred side, with overt interventions being more effective than covert ones in this regard. However, unlike in later elections, electoral interventions in founding elections usually harm the aided side. A multi-method framework is used in order to study these questions, including in-depth archival research into six cases in which the U.S. seriously considered intervening, the statistical analysis of the aforementioned dataset (PEIG), and a micro-level analysis of election surveys from three intervention cases. It also includes a preliminary analysis of the Russian intervention in the 2016 U.S. elections and the cyber-future of such meddling in general.
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Mendonça, Pedro, und Sandrina Teixeira. Digital Marketing Trends. CEOS Edições, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56002/ceos.0002b.
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The pandemic has accelerated the digital transformation, although it has already been underway in recent years. Currently, digitalization can be observed in several sectors, from services to industry, as well as from micro to large companies. Consequently, digital transformation increasingly assumes an essential role in the development of new business models and business growth. The Digital Economy and Society Index (DESI) shows Portugal in 19th place in 2020 which is structurally lower than the European average (within a Europe of 28 countries). Also, a report from the Strategy and Studies Office of the Ministry of Economy and Digital Transition reinforces the lower position of Portugal in the Internet usage rate (71% against 84% of the European Union average). Therefore, Portugal urgently needs to enhance the digital capacity of people and the digital transformation of companies. To face this strategic challenge and take the opportunities and trends that the digital world offers, companies must pay attention to the digital trends. In this respect, following digital trends is essential, namely, to help assess and define the way forward for business digitalization. In fact, technological and digital marketing developments, generally dictate the success of new digital marketing strategies. Although it is difficult to make accurate conjectures in this unpredictable environment (with a pandemic that insists on not ending and with an absurd war underway), the present book aims to point out and analyse some digital marketing trends that might impact the activity of the companies in the digital world in the near future. In practice, the objective of this book is to share with digital marketing specialists a set of different analyses from researchers with distinct backgrounds on the main digital marketing directions that will shape the strategies of the companies. The editors gratefully acknowledge the collaboration of the various authors and the support of the Centre for Social and Organizational Studies (CEOS) and supported by national funds through FCT - Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia.