Thematische Bibliographien / Mice Effect of temperature on

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Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Mice Effect of temperature on“

Autor: Grafiati

Veröffentlicht am 4. Juni 2021

Zuletzt aktualisiert am 28. Januar 2023

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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "Mice Effect of temperature on"

Fischer, Alexander W., Robert I. Csikasz, Gabriella von Essen, Barbara Cannon und Jan Nedergaard. „No insulating effect of obesity“. American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism 311, Nr. 1 (01.07.2016): E202—E213. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.00093.2016.

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The development of obesity may be aggravated if obesity itself insulates against heat loss and thus diminishes the amount of food burnt for body temperature control. This would be particularly important under normal laboratory conditions where mice experience a chronic cold stress (at ≈20°C). We used Scholander plots (energy expenditure plotted against ambient temperature) to examine the insulation (thermal conductance) of mice, defined as the inverse of the slope of the Scholander curve at subthermoneutral temperatures. We verified the method by demonstrating that shaved mice possessed only half the insulation of nonshaved mice. We examined a series of obesity models [mice fed high-fat diets and kept at different temperatures, classical diet-induced obese mice, ob/ob mice, and obesity-prone (C57BL/6) vs. obesity-resistant (129S) mice]. We found that neither acclimation temperature nor any kind or degree of obesity affected the thermal insulation of the mice when analyzed at the whole mouse level or as energy expenditure per lean weight. Calculation per body weight erroneously implied increased insulation in obese mice. We conclude that, in contrast to what would be expected, obesity of any kind does not increase thermal insulation in mice, and therefore, it does not in itself aggravate the development of obesity. It may be discussed as to what degree of effect excess adipose tissue has on insulation in humans and especially whether significant metabolic effects are associated with insulation in humans.

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Kluger, M. J., C. A. Conn, B. Franklin, R. Freter und G. D. Abrams. „Effect of gastrointestinal flora on body temperature of rats and mice“. American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 258, Nr. 2 (01.02.1990): R552—R557. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.1990.258.2.r552.

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The purpose of these experiments was to test the hypothesis that gut flora influences the body temperature of rodents. Rats and mice were implanted with biotelemetry transmitters that enabled us to record both abdominal temperature and activity for long periods of time. Rats given nonabsorbable antibiotics in their drinking water, which reduced their gut flora, had a marked decrease in both their daytime and nighttime temperatures. Similar results were found with germfree mice. The circadian rhythms in body temperature of germfree and conventionalized mice were not different. However, the body temperatures of the germfree mice were lower than those of the conventionalized mice during both the daytime and nighttime. The decrease in body temperature in the germfree mice was not related to changes in activity. These results support the hypothesis that gut flora has a tonic stimulatory effect on both the daytime and nighttime body temperature of rodents.

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Miyazaki, S., F. Ishikawa, S. Matsuo und K. Yamaguchi. „Effect of fluoroquinolones on body temperature of mice“. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy 62, Nr. 6 (10.09.2008): 1319–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jac/dkn418.

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Hishimura, Yutaka, und Kana Itoh. „Effect of social interaction on skin temperature in mice“. Japanese journal of psychology 80, Nr. 2 (2009): 152–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4992/jjpsy.80.152.

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Vargas, M. L., F. Tejada, A. Peñuela, R. Peñafiel und A. Cremades. „Effect of potassium deficiency on body temperature in mice“. Journal of Thermal Biology 25, Nr. 1-2 (Februar 2000): 125–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0306-4565(99)00089-3.

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Izumizaki, Masahiko, Michiko Iwase, Hiroshi Kimura, Takayuki Kuriyama und Ikuo Homma. „Central histamine contributed to temperature-induced polypnea in mice“. Journal of Applied Physiology 89, Nr. 2 (01.08.2000): 770–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.2000.89.2.770.

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Breathing pattern is influenced by body temperature. However, the central mechanism for changing breathing patterns is unknown. Central histamine is involved in heat loss mechanisms in behavioral studies, but little is known about its effect on breathing patterns. We examined first the effect of body temperature on breathing patterns with increasing hypercapnia in conscious mice and then that of the depletion of central histamine by S(+)-α-fluoromethylhistidine hydrochloride (α-FMH) (100 mg/kg ip), a specific inhibitor of histidine decarboxylase, at normal and raised body temperatures. A raised body temperature increased respiratory frequency with reductions in both inspiratory and expiratory time and decreased tidal volume. On the other hand, α-FMH lowered respiratory frequency with a prolongation of expiratory time at the raised temperature; however, this was not observed at a normal temperature. These results indicate that central histamine contributes to an increase in respiratory frequency as a result of a reduction in expiratory time when body temperature is raised.

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Gatti, Silvia, Jennifer Beck, Giamila Fantuzzi, Tamas Bartfai und Charles A. Dinarello. „Effect of interleukin-18 on mouse core body temperature“. American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 282, Nr. 3 (01.03.2002): R702—R709. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.00393.2001.

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We have studied, using a telemetry system, the pyrogenic properties of recombinant murine interleukin-18 (rmIL-18) injected into the peritoneum of C57BL/6 mice. The effect of IL-18 was compared with the febrile response induced by human IL-1β, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and recombinant murine interferon-γ (rmIFN-γ). Both IL-1β and LPS induced a febrile response within the first hour after the intraperitoneal injection, whereas rmIL-18 (10–200 μg/kg) and rmIFN-γ (10–150 μg/kg) did not cause significant changes in the core body temperature of mice. Surprisingly, increasing doses of IL-18, injected intraperitoneally 30 min before IL-1β, significantly reduced the IL-1β-induced fever response. In contrast, the same pretreatment with IL-18 did not modify the febrile response induced by LPS. IFN-γ does not seem to play a role in the IL-18-mediated attenuation of IL-1β-induced fever. In fact, there was no elevation of IFN-γ in the serum of mice treated with IL-18, and a pretreatment with IFN-γ did not modify the fever response induced by IL-1β. We conclude that IL-18 is not pyrogenic when injected intraperitoneally in C57BL/6 mice. Furthermore, a pretreatment with IL-18, 30 min before IL-1β, attenuates the febrile response induced by IL-1β.

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Hassan, Intisar A., Zachary Renfro, Harrison Blake, Satyajit Rath und Jeannine M. Durdik. „Effect of temperature on functional activity of macrophages in three different species“. Journal of Immunology 204, Nr. 1_Supplement (01.05.2020): 149.17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.204.supp.149.17.

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Abstract Temperature affects body physiological functions, including immunity in ways that influence survival. This study investigated the effect of temperature on macrophage activation and metabolism across species. Macrophages were isolated from mice, chicken or rainbow trout primary tissue or from macrophage cell lines and were activated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or IFN-γ. For mice, both Raw264.7 and primary cells, nitric oxide (NO) production was similar at 35°C and 37°C but dropped dramatically at temperatures below 35°C. At fever temperature (39°C), NO release increased in response to LPS. Young bone marrow derived macrophage (BMDM) and peritoneal resident macrophage (PRM) showed increased protein synthesis at 39°C compared to 37°C. Chicken splenic macrophages (CSM) showed NO responses that were similar at 37, 39, and at 41°C (normal for avian). A fever of 42°C had a large stimulatory effect on NO production compared to 41°C. A chicken liver derived macrophage cell line, HTC, showed the same pattern. They also showed higher protein synthesis at 42°C compared with (41°C) after LPS stimulation. Trout head-kidney macrophages (THM) showed the highest NO responses at 19°C when compared to more typical stream temperatures of 13, 15, and 16°C. They still showed some response at 28 and 37°C. Thus, their macrophages respond at higher temperatures than the fish can tolerate. Stimulated THM cells with LPS at 19°C showed increased protein synthesis compared to 13 and 16°C. We can conclude from our experiments that fish macrophages had a much broader range of temperatures at which they could respond by NO generation and protein synthesis compared to mice and chickens and all had increased responses at fever temperatures.

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Small, Lewin, Henry Gong, Christian Yassmin, Gregory J. Cooney und Amanda E. Brandon. „Thermoneutral housing does not influence fat mass or glucose homeostasis in C57BL/6 mice“. Journal of Endocrinology 239, Nr. 3 (Dezember 2018): 313–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/joe-18-0279.

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One major factor affecting physiology often overlooked when comparing data from animal models and humans is the effect of ambient temperature. The majority of rodent housing is maintained at ~22°C, the thermoneutral temperature for lightly clothed humans. However, mice have a much higher thermoneutral temperature of ~30°C, consequently data collected at 22°C in mice could be influenced by animals being exposed to a chronic cold stress. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of housing temperature on glucose homeostasis and energy metabolism of mice fed normal chow or a high-fat, obesogenic diet (HFD). Male C57BL/6J(Arc) mice were housed at standard temperature (22°C) or at thermoneutrality (29°C) and fed either chow or a 60% HFD for 13 weeks. The HFD increased fat mass and produced glucose intolerance as expected but this was not exacerbated in mice housed at thermoneutrality. Changing the ambient temperature, however, did alter energy expenditure, food intake, lipid content and glucose metabolism in skeletal muscle, liver and brown adipose tissue. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that mice regulate energy balance at different housing temperatures to maintain whole-body glucose tolerance and adiposity irrespective of the diet. Despite this, metabolic differences in individual tissues were apparent. In conclusion, dietary intervention in mice has a greater impact on adiposity and glucose metabolism than housing temperature although temperature is still a significant factor in regulating metabolic parameters in individual tissues.

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Konecka, Anna Maria, Irmina Sroczynska und Andrzej W. Lipkowski. „The effect of enkephalin dimers on body temperature in mice“. Peptides 8, Nr. 3 (Mai 1987): 431–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0196-9781(87)90005-2.

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Dissertationen zum Thema "Mice Effect of temperature on"

O'Connor, Candace Sharon. „Thermoregulation in Mice under the Influence of Ethanol“. PDXScholar, 1993. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/1181.

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Thermoregulation after acute ethanol, during chronic exposure and during withdrawal from ethanol dependency was studied using genetically heterogeneous (HS) mice, and lines of mice selected in replicate for smaller (HOT1, HOT2) or greater (COLD1, COLD2) decline in rectal temperature (Tre ) after intraperitoneal ethanol. First, HS mice were injected with 20% ethanol in 0.9% NaCI, or NaCI alone during sessions of behavioral thermoregulation in individual temperature gradients (9-38°C). Internal temperature (Tj ) was monitored with implanted telemetry devices. An imaging system recorded selected temperature (Tsel ) within the gradient every 5 sec. Acute 2.25 and 2.60 g ethanol/kg produced significantly lower Tj than NaCI. 2.60 g/kg also produced significantly lower Tsel than 2.25 g/kg or NaCI. 2.75 g/kg and above incapacitated mice. Comparison of responses using a thermoregulatory index indicated 2.25 or 2.60 g/kg decreased the regulated temperature. Similar methodology was followed using the selected lines and 10% ethanol (2.0, 2.25, 2.65 g/kg to COLD mice; 2.65, 2.85 g/kg to HOT mice; 3.0 g/kg to HOT2 mice) or NaCI. All responded similarly to NaCl, with transient rise in Tj After an effective ethanol dose mice manifested a regulated decrease in Tj by lowering Tsel concomitant with falling Tj . In both replicate pairs COLD mice were more sensitive than HOT, indicating that a true difference in the CNS regulator of body temperature was selected for in these animals. Photoperiod effect was characterized by quantifying thermoregulatory behavior of COLD2 mice after acute 2.60 g 7.5% ethanol/kg or NaCl, at 0400 , 0800 , 1200, 1600 , 2000 and 2400 hours , using above methodology. Baseline T₁ was significantly lower during hours of light, than during darkness. Photoperiod had little effect on thermoregulatory response to ethanol, possibly because of arousal associated with experiments. Thermoregulatory tolerance to ethanol was investigated using HS mice implanted with telemetry devices and monitored in the gradient on days 1, 2, 4, 7 and 11 of 11 consecutive days of 10% ethanol (2.75 g/kg) or NaCl injections. Dispositional, rapid and chronic tolerance developed, indicating that functional tolerance is a regulated phenomenon in mice. In a separate experiment HS mice were implanted with telemetry devices and injected with ethanol for 11 consecutive days at constant temperature; dispositional but not functional tolerance developed. To characterize thermoregulation during withdrawal, HS mice were made dependent upon ethanol using a vapor chamber; T; Tsel and activity were monitored in the gradient until 26 hours post withdrawal. Withdrawing mice showed unaltered regulated temperature, but lower Tsel than controls. This suggested increased metabolic heat production. Thermoregulation during withdrawal was similarly studied using the selected mouse lines. COLD mice responded like HS mice. Withdrawing HOT1 mice were more active than controls; withdrawing HOT2 mice showed lowest Tsel of any genotype but maintained Ti above controls. These results suggest a more severe withdrawal reaction in HOT, than in COLD mice. To investigate a possible mechanism underlying ethanol hypothermia, responses of HOT and COLD mice to intracerebroventricular serotonin were characterized. Dose-dependent decreases in Tre were measured in mice equipped with indwelling brain cannulae and held at constant temperature after injection of 0.3, 0.8, 2.0, 5.0 or 11.0 μg serotonin into the lateral brain ventricle. COLD mice were significantly more sensitive than HOT mice. Subsequently HOT1 and COLD1 mice were equipped with brain cannulae and implanted telemetry devices; thermoregulatory behavior after 11.0 μg serotonin was monitored. Both genotypes lowered Tj significantly more in the gradient than did similar mice at constant ambient temperature, indicating that decline in Tj after serotonin was a regulated phenomenon. The serotonergic system was altered during selection for differential Tre response to ethanol, indicating a role for serotonin in mediating ethanol hypothermia.

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Yaeram, Jakrit. „The effect of whole body heating on testis morphology and fertility of male mice“. Title page, table of contents and summary only, 2002. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phj259.pdf.

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McMinn, Jessi Rae, und Jessi Rae McMinn. „Effect of Estrogen Status on Circadian Core and Tail Skin Temperature Rhythms in Female Mice“. Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/625094.

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Body temperature in women is altered by changes in circulating gonadal steroids during the menstrual cycle and estrogen withdrawal after menopause. In contrast to numerous studies in the rat, there is limited information on the effects of estrogen on body temperature regulation in the mouse. The present studies were designed to measure circadian rhythms of core temperature (TCORE) and tail skin temperature (TSKIN) in the mouse. In experiment 1, female mice were implanted with an intraperitoneal temperature probe to measure TCORE and a temperature probe was attached to the tail to measure TSKIN. Daily vaginal smears were taken to assess estrous cycle stage and TCORE and TSKIN were measured continuously for 14 days. In experiment 2, temperature measurements were recorded for ovariectomized (OVX), and low and high estrogen (E2) replaced animals. We report circadian rhythms of TCORE and TSKIN were not affected by day of the estrous cycle. There was also no significant effect of estrogen replacement on TSKIN during the dark phase, regardless of the E2 dose. However, low and high E2 significantly decreased TCORE in OVX mice during the light phase. These studies reveal a significant species difference in estrogen modulation of thermoregulation in the rat and mouse.

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Gamo, Yuko. „Effects of reproduction on body temperature and physical activity“. Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2009. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=130928.

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Daily changes in body temperature as well as physical activeness from mating to pregnancy were illustrated in MF1 mice. Body temperature and physical activity gradually declined as pregnancy advanced while energy intake and body mass increased in late pregnancy. Diurnal and nocturnal locomotor activity and body temperature were significantly lower in late pregnancy than in non-reproductive and mating phases. Despite low physical activity, inactive body temperature was relatively high through late pregnancy. This suggests that pregnant mice tend to increase thermogenesis against a drop of body temperature. Energy intake increased remarkably after parturition and reached a plateau in late lactation suggesting a limit of energy intake. Litter size and litter mass significantly influenced maternal energy intake and body mass (P<0.05). However, daily pup mass gain declined at the peak lactation when maternal energy intake was limited. Body temperature rose sharply after parturition. Body temperature during the day considerably increased. Consequently, lactating mice faced a constantly high body temperature through the day despite lower activity levels. There were no trends that litter size and litter mass stimulated maternal body temperature and physical activity on average through lactation. Body temperature during suckling inside the nest increased towards the end of suckling. However, no significant increase in body temperature was found between 20 and 1 minutes before terminating suckling bouts. Dams that raised larger litters encountered higher body temperature while suckling inside the nest, suggesting that suckling offspring considerably contributed to heat retention in mothers. Suckling offspring appeared to prevent mothers from releasing cumulative heat, although the significance of suckling behaviour on overheating was smaller than that of metabolic heat generation.

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Ajwad, Asma'a A. „SLEEP AND THERMOREGULATION: A STUDY OF THE EFFECT OF AMBIENT TEMPERATURE MANIPULATION ON MOUSE SLEEP ARCHITECTURE“. UKnowledge, 2018. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/cbme_etds/54.

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Good quality sleep is essential for mental and physical health. Inadequate sleep impacts memory consolidation, learning and cognition, immune function, autonomic regulation, physical performance, and other vital functions. In many neurological disorders that are associated with sleep problems such as epilepsy and Alzheimer’s disease, changes in brain circuitry affect sleep-wake regulation mechanisms; this is reflected in anomalous sleep-wake architecture and usually accompanied by poor sleep depth. Thus, over many years, many approaches have been tried in humans and animal models with the goal of improving sleep quality. Unfortunately, each of those approaches comes with limitations or side effects. Thus, there is a need for a natural, safe, and low cost approach that overcomes many limitations to improve sleep and eventually the lives of individuals with sleep problems. Environmental temperature is one of the most important factors that affect sleep in humans and other animals. Studies have shown that the part of the brain governing thermoregulation is also involved in sleep-wake regulation. Even a mild change in environmental temperature can produce a significant effect on sleep. Thus, a better understanding of the sleep-thermoregulation interaction could lead to novel ways for treating many sleep disorders. As a first step on the translational pathway, experiments in animal models of disease conditions with disordered sleep are needed for investigating sleep–thermoregulation interactions and for devising and validating related approaches to enhance sleep quality before conducting them on humans. This dissertation explores and assesses the effect of changes in ambient temperature on sleep-wake architecture in control mice and epileptic mice, the latter from a model of temporal lobe epilepsy as an example of a disease model with disordered sleep. Then, based on the results of temperature effects on sleep in control and epileptic mice, different strategies are proposed and tested to modulate sleep through ambient temperature regulation in closed loop to improve sleep depth and regulate the timing of the sleep-wake cycle. The results presented in this dissertation demonstrate the feasibility of sleep enhancement and regulation of its timing and duration through manipulation of ambient temperature using closed-loop control systems. Similar approaches could foreseeably be used as more natural means for enhancing deep sleep in patients with epilepsy, Alzheimer’s, or Parkinson’s disease in which poor sleep is common and associated with adverse outcomes.

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Lo, Martire Viviana Carmen <1984&gt. „Effects of ambient temperature on cardiovascular regulation during sleep in hypocretin-deficient narcoleptic mice“. Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2012. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/4419/.

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Hypocretin 1 and 2 (HCRT, also called Orexin A and B) are neuropeptides released by neurons in the lateral hypothalamus. HCRT neurons widely project to the entire neuroaxis. HCRT neurons have been reported to participate in various hypothalamic physiological processes including cardiovascular functions, wake-sleep cycle, and they may also influence metabolic rate and the regulation of body temperature. HCRT neurons are lost in narcolepsy, a rare neurological disorder, characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness, cataplexy, sleep fragmentation and occurrence of sleep-onset rapid-eye-movement episodes. We investigated whether HCRT neurons mediate the sleep-dependent cardiovascular adaptations to changes in ambient temperature (Ta). HCRT-ataxin3 transgenic mice with genetic ablation of HCRT neurons (n = 11) and wild-type controls (n = 12) were instrumented with electrodes for sleep scoring and a telemetric blood pressure (BP) transducer (DSI, Inc.). Simultaneous sleep and BP recordings were performed on mice undisturbed and freely-behaving at 20 °C, 25 °C, and 30 °C for 48 hours at each Ta. Analysis of variance of BP indicated a significance of the main effects of wake-sleep state and Ta, their interaction effect, and the wake-sleep state x mouse strain interaction effect. BP increased with decreasing Ta. This effect of Ta on BP was significantly lower in rapid-eye-movement sleep (REMS) than either in non-rapid-eye-movement sleep (NREMS) or wakefulness regardless of the mouse strain. BP was higher in wakefulness than either in NREMS or REMS. This effect of sleep on BP was significantly reduced in mice lacking HCRT neurons at each Ta, particularly during REMS. These data suggest that HCRT neurons play a critical role in mediating the effects of sleep but not those of Ta on BP in mice. HCRT neurons may thus be part of the central neural pathways which mediate the phenomenon of blood pressure dipping on passing from wakefulness to sleep.

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Blot, Joseph. „Relation entre les grandeurs supraconductrices caracteristiques de l'aluminium massif et les champs de transition de films divises, en fonction de leur epaisseur“. Rennes, INSA, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987ISAR0006.

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Etude de l'influence de la taille des echantillons sur les champs magnetiques de surchauffe et de retard a la condensation dans l'etat supraconducteur sur des couches d'aluminium divisees en damiers et dont le refroidissement est assure dans un dispositif cryogenique a helium liquide permettant d'atteindre 0,37k. Analyse systematique en fonction de la temperature et de l'epaisseur, des champs paralleles et perpendiculaire de transition presentes par une serie de films evapores sur des substrats de verre a la temperature ambiante

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Mukwevho, Mukhethwa Judy. „The Use of Design Expert in Evaluating The Effect of pH, Temperature and Hydraulic Retention Time on Biological Sulphate Reduction in a Down-Flow Packed Bed Reactor“. Diss., University of Pretoria, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/79624.

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Biological sulphate reduction (BSR) has been identified as a promising alternative technology for the treatment of acid mine drainage. BSR is a process that uses sulphate reducing bacteria to reduce sulphate to sulphide using substrates as nutrients under anaerobic conditions. The performance of BSR is dependent on several factors including substrate, pH, temperature and hydraulic retention time (HRT). In a quest to find a cost effective technology, Mintek conducted bench-scale tests on BSR that led to the commissioning of a pilot plant at a coal mine in Mpumalanga province, South Africa. This current study forms part of the ongoing tests that are conducted to improve Mintek’s process. The purpose of this study was to investigate the robustness of Mintek’s process and to develop a tool that can be used to predict the process’ performance with varying pH, temperature and HRT. Design Expert version 11.1.2.0 was used to design the experiments using the Box-Behnken design. In the design, pH ranged from 4 to 6, temperature from 10 °C to 30 °C and HRT from 2 d to 7 d with sulphate reduction efficiency, sulphate reduction rate and sulphide production as response variables. Experiments were carried out in water jacketed packed bed reactors that were operated in a down-flow mode. The reactors were packed with woodchips, wood shaving, hay, lucerne straw and cow manure as support for sulphate reducing bacteria (SRB) biofilm. Cow manure and lucerne pellets were used as the main substrates and they were replenished once a week. These reactors mimicked the pilot plant. The data obtained were statistically analysed using response surface methodology. The results showed that pH did not have a significant impact on the responses (p>0.05). Temperature and HRT, on the other hand, greatly impacted the process (p<0.05) and the interaction between these two factors was found to be strong. Sulphate reduction efficiency and sulphate reduction rate decreased by over 60 % with a decrease in temperature 30 °C to 10 °C. Generally, a decrease in sulphide production was observed with a decrease in temperature. Overall, a decrease in HRT resulted in a decline of sulphate reduction efficiency and sulphide production but favoured sulphate reduction rate. This study demonstrated that Mintek’s process can be operated at pH as low as 4 without any significant impact on the performance. This decreases the lime requirements and sludge production during the pre-neutralisation stage by close to 50 %. There was, however, a strong interaction between temperature and HRT which can be used to improve the performance especially during the winter season.
Dissertation (MEng)--University of Pretoria, 2020.
Chemical Engineering
MEng
Unrestricted

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Fominaya, Fernando. „Nanocalorimètre pour l'étude de couches minces et de micro-monocristaux : application à Mn12-acétate“. Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble ; 1971-2015), 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997GRE10150.

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Nous avons developpe un nanocalorimetre original pour mesurer la chaleur specifique de couches minces, multicouches (epaisseur typique : 1000 a) et de monocristaux (masse de l'ordre du g) dans la gamme de temperature 1. 5 a 20 k. La capacite calorifique du dispositif vide est de 3 nj/k a 4 k (0. 5 nj/k a 1. 5 k), on peut alors acceder des capacites calorifiques de l'ordre du nj/k a 4 k pour les echantillons. Les differences de capacite calorifique en fonction de la temperature ou d'un champ magnetique applique ont ete determine avec une resolution de c/c 10#-#4, permettant ainsi de voir des variations de moins d'un pj/k. Nous presentons des mesures faites sur une couche mince de pb supraconductrice, sur des multicouches magnetiques et sur des micro-monocristaux de mn#1#2o#1#2-acetate. Cette derniere mesure a mis en evidence le processus d'inversion d'aimantation par effet tunnel dans des cristaux de masse de 1g et de 20g. Notre etude permet d'examiner a la fois le regime tunnel irreversible au-dessous de la temperature de blocage t#b (typ. 3. 5 k) et le regime tunnel reversible au-dessus de t#b. Pour t < t#b nous trouvons des anomalies de chaleur specifique a des valeurs du champ magnetique correspondantes au croisement des niveaux spin-up et spin-down de differents nombres quantiques magnetiques. Ces anomalies disparaissent par augmentation de la temperature (typ. Au-dela de 6 k). Au-dessous de t#b, des degagements de chaleur sont observes lorsque les niveaux magnetiques se croisent a des champs antiparalleles a l'aimantation initiale. Ces mesures representent une nouvelle approche de l'etude du mn#1#2o#1#2-acetate et montrent l'interet de la nanocalorimetrie pour l'etude des grandes molecules magnetiques.

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Schaaf, Pierre. „La technique de reflectometrie : sa mise en oeuvre et son application a l'etude de l'adsorption de macromolecules a une interface solide/solution“. Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987STR13039.

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Bücher zum Thema "Mice Effect of temperature on"

Harań, Grzegorz. Impurity effect in high temperature superconductors. Wrocław: Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej, 2001.

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Franklin, Keara A., und Philip A. Wigge. Temperature and plant development. Ames, Iowa USA: Wiley Blackwell, 2014.

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Lansdown, A. R. High temperature lubrication. London: Mechanical Engineering Publications, 1994.

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E, Lee Richard, und Denlinger David L, Hrsg. Insects at low temperature. New York: Chapman and Hall, 1991.

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Lufitha, Mundel. Effect of substrate temperature on coating adhesion. Ottawa: National Library of Canada, 2001.

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High temperature corrosion. London: Elsevier Applied Science, 1988.

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DeHayes, D. H. Critical temperature: A quantitative method of assessing cold tolerance. Broomall, PA: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northeastern Forest Experiment Station, 1989.

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DeHayes, D. H. Critical temperature: A quantitative method of assessing cold tolerance. Broomall, PA: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northeastern Forest Experiment Station, 1989.

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Gat, Z. The Effect of temperature on the citrus crop. Geneva, Switzerland: Secretariat of the World Meteorological Organization, 1997.

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Khanna, Anand S. High temperature corrosion. New Jersey: World Scientific, 2016.

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Buchteile zum Thema "Mice Effect of temperature on"

Pertwee, R. G., und L. A. Stevenson. „Effect of Pretreatment with Delta-9-Tetrahydro-Cannabinol on the Ability of Certain Cannabimimetic Agents to Induce Hypothermia in Mice“. In Temperature Regulation, 177–82. Basel: Birkhäuser Basel, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-8491-4_29.

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Chersky, Igor, und Nikolai Kovalenko. „Electroconductive Heat Resistant Polymer Compositions Showing the Effect of Heating Temperature Self-Regulation“. In MICC 90, 685–90. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3676-1_125.

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Yanni, Zhang, Chen Long, Jun Deng und Zhao Jingyu. „Study on Thermal Effect of Coal Oxidation at Low-Temperature“. In Proceedings of the 11th International Mine Ventilation Congress, 552–59. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-1420-9_47.

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Deng, Jun, Changkui Lei, Yang Xiao, Li Ma, Kai Wang und Chimin Shu. „The Effect of High Geo-Temperature Environment on Coal Spontaneous Combustion: An Experimental Study“. In Proceedings of the 11th International Mine Ventilation Congress, 539–51. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-1420-9_46.

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Heqing, Liu, Gao Liying, You Bo, Liu Tianyu und Ou Congying. „Experimental Study on the Effect of Air Cooling Garment on Skin Temperature and Microclimate“. In Proceedings of the 11th International Mine Ventilation Congress, 742–52. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-1420-9_63.

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Tadano, Takeshi, Nobunori Satoh, Katsuyuki Oyama, Kensuke Kisara, Yuichiro Arai und Hiroyasu Kinemuchi. „Acute Effects of 1-Methyl-4-Phenyl-1,2,3,6-Tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) on Body Temperature of Various Strains of Mice“. In Basic, Clinical, and Therapeutic Aspects of Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s Diseases, 297–300. Boston, MA: Springer New York, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-5844-2_59.

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Al-Jboory, Ibrahim J., und Taha M. Al-Suaide. „Effect of temperature on the life history of the old world date mite, Oligonychus afrasiaticus (Acari: Tetranychidae)“. In Trends in Acarology, 361–63. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-9837-5_58.

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Marques, Severino P. C., und Guillermo J. Creus. „Temperature Effect“. In Computational Viscoelasticity, 51–58. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-25311-9_6.

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Zhang, Guigen. „Temperature Effect“. In Bulk and Surface Acoustic Waves, 257–71. New York: Jenny Stanford Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003256625-7.

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Trutnev, V. I., V. M. Drobchik, A. A. Yakunin und S. I. Ryabtsev. „Boric Fibres: Evolution of Structure, Properties and Phase Composition Due to Various Temperature Effects“. In MICC 90, 474–77. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3676-1_80.

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Konferenzberichte zum Thema "Mice Effect of temperature on"

Dutta, Ashim, Gopalendu Pal, Kunal Mitra und Michael S. Grace. „Comparison of Experimental and Numerical Temperature Distributions in Tissues During Short Pulse Laser Irradiation Using Focused Beam“. In ASME 2006 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2006-14889.

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The objective of this work is to perform experimental measurements validated with numerical modeling results for analyzing the temperature distributions and heat affected zone during short pulse laser irradiation of tissues using focused beam. A Q-switched laser is used as a radiation source. A threelayered tissue phantom model of skin consisting of epidermis, dermis, and fatty tissues is first considered for model validation. Tumors are simulated with inhomogeneities embedded inside the tissue phantoms. Experiments are next conducted with freshly excised skin tissue samples from mice and finally on live anaesthetized mice to consider the bulk effect of convective heat transfer due to blood flow. Experimental measurements of axial and radial temperature distributions for all the cases are compared with numerical modeling results obtained using Pennes' bio-heat transfer equation coupled with either traditional Fourier parabolic or non-Fourier hyperbolic heat conduction formulation. Experimentally measured temperature profiles in tissue phantoms, skin tissue samples, and live anaesthetized mice are found to match extremely well with the predictions from the non-Fourier model than the Fourier formulation by considering skin as a multi-layered medium. It is also observed that focused laser beam produces desired temperature rise at the target site with lesser radial spread compared to a collimated laser beam source.

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Xu, Guimin, Jingfen Cai, Sile Chen, Congwei Yao, Ping Li, Xingmin Shi und Guan-jun Zhang. „Effects of low temperature atmospheric pressure plasma on skin wound healing of mice in vivo“. In 2016 IEEE International Conference on Plasma Science (ICOPS). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/plasma.2016.7534233.

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Sen, Qian, Ma Lishuang und Zhu Yao. „Study on spectral response and temperature effect of optoelectronic devices“. In 2018 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/nssmic.2018.8824420.

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Baryshnikov, Vasily. „EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON STRESS STATE OF MINE EXCAVATIONS IN PERMAFROST ZONE“. In 18th International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference SGEM2018. Stef92 Technology, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2018/1.3/s03.045.

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Huh, Y., Y. Choi, J. H. Jung, W. Hu, J. H. Kang, S. S. Kim, J. Jung und B. T. Kim. „Effect of temperature on the performance of brain PET using GAPD“. In 2011 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference (2011 NSS/MIC). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/nssmic.2011.6152623.

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Zhao, Tiao, Liang Li und Zhiqiang Chen. „A K-shell photoelectric effect eliminated material decomposition method“. In 2016 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium, Medical Imaging Conference and Room-Temperature Semiconductor Detector Workshop (NSS/MIC/RTSD). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/nssmic.2016.8069488.

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MacAlpine, Sara M., Michael J. Brandemuehl, Leonor L. Linares und Robert W. Erickson. „Effect of Distributed Power Conversion on the Annual Performance of Building-Integrated PV Arrays With Complex Roof Geometries“. In ASME 2009 3rd International Conference on Energy Sustainability collocated with the Heat Transfer and InterPACK09 Conferences. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2009-90377.

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Building-integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) systems have gained greater popularity in recent years; however, their effectiveness is often limited by nonuniform operating conditions. To increase potential for energy capture in PV systems, particularly those with series string configurations, an improved module integrated dc-dc converter (MIC) with maximum power point tracking has been proposed. This paper investigates the potential power gain provided by these MICs in situations where the architecture or surroundings of a building necessitate that a PV array include panels with differing orientations, which can significantly reduce system efficiency. A flexible, comprehensive simulation model for BIPV systems is developed, which allows for variations in insolation and temperature at the PV cell level, while accurately modeling MICs and their effect on array performance. This model is used to simulate various directional array combinations in series string and parallel configurations for a representative set of climates around the US. Results of these simulations show power gains attributed to both the photovoltaic generator/converter portion of the system and to increased inverter efficiency arising from a constant, controlled string voltage. When differing panel orientations within an array are considered, there is potential for annual power output gains of over 10% for a system with MICs when compared to conventional approaches. Further opportunities for increased energy capture in a BIPV system with MICs are identified and discussed.

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Ethier, M. P., B. Bussière, M. Benzaazoua und P. Garneau. „Effect of Temperature on the Weathering of Various Waste Rock Types from the Raglan Mine“. In Cold Regions Engineering 2012. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784412473.079.

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Kim, Changlyong, Mikiko Ito und David L. McDaniel. „Effect of scintillation crystal surface finish in the light sharing TOF PET detector“. In 2016 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium, Medical Imaging Conference and Room-Temperature Semiconductor Detector Workshop (NSS/MIC/RTSD). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/nssmic.2016.8069519.

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Allwork, C., A. Kennington, M. Ellis, M. P. Taggart und P. J. Sellin. „The effect of digitizer properties on the pulse shape discrimination perrformance of CLYC“. In 2016 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium, Medical Imaging Conference and Room-Temperature Semiconductor Detector Workshop (NSS/MIC/RTSD). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/nssmic.2016.8069807.

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Berichte der Organisationen zum Thema "Mice Effect of temperature on"

Cleary, Margot P. Effect of Dietary Intervention on Prostate Tumor Development in Tramp Mice. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, Mai 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada437193.

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Cleary, Margot P. Effect of Dietary Intervention on Prostate Tumor Development in TRAMP Mice. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, Mai 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada456136.

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Murray, Fiona, Philippe Aghion, Mathias Dewatripont, Julian Kolev und Scott Stern. Of Mice and Academics: Examining the Effect of Openness on Innovation. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, März 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w14819.

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Cleary, Margot P. Effect of Dietary Intervention on Prostate Tumor Development in TRAMP Mice. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, Mai 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada472757.

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Casey, Therese, Sameer J. Mabjeesh, Avi Shamay und Karen Plaut. Photoperiod effects on milk production in goats: Are they mediated by the molecular clock in the mammary gland? United States Department of Agriculture, Januar 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2014.7598164.bard.

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US scientists, Dr. Theresa Casey and Dr. Karen Plaut, collaborated with Israeli scientists, Dr. SameerMabjeesh and Dr. AviShamay to conduct studies proposed in the BARD Project No. US-4715-14 Photoperiod effects on milk production in goats: Are they mediated by the molecular clock in the mammary gland over the last 3 years. CLOCK and BMAL1 are core components of the circadian clock and as heterodimers function as a transcription factor to drive circadian-rhythms of gene expression. Studies of CLOCK-mutant mice found impaired mammary development in late pregnancy was related to poor lactation performance post-partum. To gain a better understanding of role of clock in regulation of mammary development studies were conducted with the mammary epithelial cell line HC11. Decreasing CLOCK protein levels using shRNA resulted in increased mammary epithelial cell growth rate and impaired differentiation, with lower expression of differentiation markers including ad herens junction protein and fatty acid synthesis genes. When BMAL1 was knocked out using CRISPR-CAS mammary epithelial cells had greater growth rate, but reached stationary phase at a lower density, with FACS indicating cells were growing and dying at a faster rate. Beta-casein milk protein levels were significantly decreased in BMAL1 knockout cells. ChIP-seq analysis was conducted to identify BMAL1 target genes in mammary epithelial cells. Studies conducted in goats found that photoperiod duration and physiological state affected the dynamics of the mammary clock. Effects were likely independent of the photoperiod effects on prolactin levels. Interestingly, circadian rhythms of core body temperature, which functions as a key synchronizing cue sent out by the central clock in the hypothalamus, were profoundly affected by photoperiod and physiological state. Data support that the clock in the mammary gland regulates genes important to development of the gland and milk synthesis. We also found the clock in the mammary is responsive to changes in physiological state and photoperiod, and thus may serve as a mechanism to establish milk production levels in response to environmental cues.

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Lahti, Janet. The effect of glucose on the food intake of goldthioglucose injected mice. Portland State University Library, Januar 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.1571.

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Libertin, C. R., L. Ling-Indeck, P. Weaver, Chin-Mei Chang-Liu, V. Strezoska, B. Heckert und G. E. Woloschak. Dysregulation of temperature and liver cytokine gene expression in immunodeficient wasted mice. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/208319.

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Ma, Jianming. Effect Evaluation of Transfat Decoction on Obesity Mice Induced by High-Fat Diet. Science Repository, April 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.31487/j.jfnm.2019.01.01.

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Gauger, Michele A. Determining the Effect of Cryptochrome Loss and Circadian Clock Disruption on Tumorigenesis in Mice. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, März 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada435115.

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Sawatzky, H., I. Clelland und J. Houde. Effect of topping temperature on Cold Lake asphalt's susceptibility to temperature. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/304486.

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