Thematische Bibliographien / MeV ions

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Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „MeV ions“

Autor: Grafiati

Veröffentlicht am 28. Juni 2021

Zuletzt aktualisiert am 3. Februar 2022

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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "MeV ions"

Sugden, S., C. J. Sofield und M. P. Murrell. „Sputtering by MeV ions“. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms 67, Nr. 1-4 (April 1992): 569–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0168-583x(92)95875-r.

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Conlon, T. W. „Materials characterization with MeV ions“. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms 40-41 (April 1989): 828–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0168-583x(89)90487-4.

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Wang, Ke-Ming, Bo-Rong Shi, Pei-Jun Ding, Wei Wang, W. A. Lanford, Zhuang Zhuo und Yao-Gang Liu. „Waveguide formation of KTiOPO4 by multienergy MeV He+ implantation“. Journal of Materials Research 11, Nr. 6 (Juni 1996): 1333–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1996.0169.

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X-cut potassium titanyl phosphate (KTiOPO4 or KTP) was implanted by multienergy MeV He+ implantation with a total dose of 2 × 1016 ions/cm2 at liquid nitrogen temperature. The energy and dose used are as follows: 3.3 MeV and 2 × 1015 ions/cm2, 3.2 MeV and 4 × 1015 ions/cm2, 3.1 MeV and 4 × 1015 ions/cm2, and 3.0 MeV and 1.0 × 1016 ions/cm2 to reduce tunneling effect. The 22 dark modes were measured by the isosceles prism coupling method. The 15 bright modes were observed after 250 °C, 60 min annealing. The result shows that the waveguide formation of KTiOPO4 implanted by MeV He+ is not strongly dependent on the cut direction, which is different from the waveguide formation of KTiOPO4 by ion exchange process.

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Qiu, Yuanxun, Jiayong Tang, Liqing Pan, Guoqing Zhao, Zhuying Zhou, Xiliang Gu, Ye Feng und Fujia Yang. „Interface adhesion enhanced by MeV ions“. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms 56-57 (Mai 1991): 634–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0168-583x(91)96113-y.

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Sugden, S., C. J. Sofield und M. P. Murrell. „Radiation enhanced adhesion by MeV ions“. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms 67, Nr. 1-4 (April 1992): 452–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0168-583x(92)95851-h.

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Kim, M. J., M. Catalano, T. P. Sjoreen und R. W. Carpenter. „Microstructure of silicon implanted with MeV gold ions“. Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 49 (August 1991): 876–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100088695.

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High-energy implantation of silicon is of great interest in recent years for microelectronics due to the formation of a buried damage or dopant layer away from the active region of the device. The damage nucleation and growth behavior is known to vary significantly along the ion's track for MeV irradiation. In this paper, a detailed characterization of the damage morphology produced by MeV gold ions for different doses into single crystal Si, as well as the associated annealing behavior, is presented.Single crystal n-type Czochralski silicon {001} wafers were implanted with Au++ ions from doses of 1x1015 to 3x1016 cm-2 at 2-3 MeV. Specimen temperatures for all implantations were 20 or 300°C. A measurement with an infrared pyrometer of the implanted surface indicated a slight temperature rise during ion irradiation. The compositional and damage profiles were determined by Rutherford backscattering/channeling spectroscopy (RBS). Cross-sectional TEM samples for microstructural characterization were prepared by mechanical polishing and ion milling. A Philips 400ST/FEG analytical microscope was used for nanoprobe experiments, at 100 kV. Microstructural investigation was performed using ISI-002B and JEM-2000FX microscopes, at 200 kV.

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TOMBRELLO, T. A. „MODIFICATION OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS WITH MeV IONS“. Le Journal de Physique Colloques 50, Nr. C2 (Februar 1989): C2–1—C2–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jphyscol:1989201.

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Kazumata, Yukio, Satoru Okayasu und Takeo Aruga. „YBa2Cu3OxFilms Irradiated by 120 MeV Oxygen Ions“. Japanese Journal of Applied Physics 33, Part 1, No. 2 (15.02.1994): 1012–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1143/jjap.33.1012.

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Torrisi, L., S. Coffa, G. Foti und G. Strazzulla. „Sulphur erosion by 1.0 Mev helium ions“. Radiation Effects 100, Nr. 1-2 (Dezember 1986): 61–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00337578608208736.

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Tombrello, T. A. „Damage in metals from MeV heavy ions“. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms 95, Nr. 4 (April 1995): 501–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0168-583x(94)00605-9.

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Dissertationen zum Thema "MeV ions"

Phinney, Lucas C. „Thorium and Uranium M-shell X-ray Production Cross Sections for 0.4 – 4.0 MeV Protons, 0.4 - 6.0 MeV Helium Ions, 4.5 – 11.3 MeV Carbon Ions, and 4.5 – 13.5 MeV Oxygen Ions“. Thesis, University of North Texas, 2011. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc68032/.

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The M-shell x-ray production cross section for thorium and uranium have been determined for protons of energy 0.4 - 4.0 MeV, helium ions of energy 0.4 - 6.0 MeV, carbon ions of energy 4.5 - 11.3 MeV and oxygen ions of energy 4.5 - 13.5 MeV. The total cross sections and the cross sections for individual x-ray peaks in the spectrum, consisting of the following transitions Mz (M4-N2, M5-N3, M4-N3), Ma (M5-N6,7), Mb (M4-N6, M5-O3, M4- O2), and Mg (M4-O3, M5-P3, M3-N4, M3-N5), were compared to the theoretical values determined from the PWBA + OBKN and ECUSAR. The theoretical values for the carbon and oxygen ions were also modified to take into account the effects of multiple ionizations of the target atom by the heavier ions. It is shown that the results of the ECUSAR theory tend to provide better agreement with the experimental data.

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Sugden, Stephen. „Thin film adhesion modification by MeV ions“. Thesis, University of Surrey, 1991. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/843281/.

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The adhesion of a thin films, and in paiticular the way in which such adhesion may be improved by irradiation, is a rather poorly understood field of thin film technology. The radiation enhanced adhesion effect has been investigated through the use of Ultra High Vacuum sample preparation, analysis and irradiation techniques, in order to gain control over surface and interface composition. In the systems studied, films deposited on atomically clean surfaces show good adhesion, and no evidence of enhancement due to irradiation is observed in the case of such clean interfaces. The results are entirely consistent with the radiation enhanced adhesion phenomenon being due to radiolytic effects on contaminant containing layers at the film/substrate interface. In addition, on silicon substrates the observations highlight the superiority of thermal cleaning over low energy sputtering as a route for producing a clean surface. A model of the radiation enhanced adhesion observations for dirty interface systems is developed, which takes into account the two dimensional nature of the ion energy deposition process. All the observations on such systems are broadly consistent with an activation energy for the process of approximately 5eV. This value is sufficiently large to bring about chemical bonding rearrangement at the critical film/substrate interface.

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Tassan-Got, Laurent. „Étude des transferts dissipatifs pour des énergies de 8 MeV/A à 40 MeV/A“. Paris 11, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA112388.

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Pour approfondir certains aspects des réactions de transferts très inélastiques en ions lourds, une étude expérimentale de la production de noyaux dans les systèmes 40Ar+ 197Au et 40Ca+ 208Pb à deux énergies différentes pour chacun a été réalisée. L'élaboration d'un modèle de transferts stochastiques a permis de comprendre l'origine des dérives moyennes des distributions obtenues. Il permet notamment de montrer que la structure binaire du composite formé survit à la collision tant qu'on ne s'approche pas de la dissipation maximale. Cette constatation, ainsi que les résultats directs de la simulation, supportent l'idée d'une équilibration du mode d'isospin par transferts stochastiques plutôt que par des modes collectifs du système composite. Le modèle développé a été appliqué à des collisions pour des énergies de bombardement plus élevées : au voisinage de l'énergie de Fermi. La comparaison a porté sur les spectres en énergie, les dispersions en moments, les distributions isotopiques, les corrélations quasi-projectile quasi-cible, les multiplicités de neutrons. Cette analyse a permis de réconcilier les constatations expérimentales sur les vitesses élevées des fragments, leur énergie d'excitation, et la quasi absence de production au-delà de la masse du projectile. Malgré des écarts concernant la position des spectres en énergie et les distributions isotopiques, indiquant la nécessité de modifier le mécanisme de transfert ou de faire appel à la fragmentation, le bon accord général montre que les transferts dissipatifs jouent encore un rôle essentiel dans ce domaine d'énergie
In order to have a deeper insight on some features of heavy ion deep inelastic reactions, an experimental study of the fragment yield in the 40Ar+ 197Au et 40Ca+ 208Pb systems, respectively at two incident energies, has been performed. The elaboration of a model based on stochastic transfers allowed to understand the drift on the mean values of measured distributions. It especially shows that the binary structure of the composite system survives as far as the energy dissipation is not too close to the maximal one. This constatation, associated to the direct results of the simulation, infers that the relaxation of the isospin mode is more likely to be carried by stochastic transfers than collective modes of the composite system. The implemented model has been applied ta collisions at higher bombarding energy: near the Fermi energy. The comparison concerned energy spectra, moment dispersions, isotopic distributions, projectile-like target-like correlations, neutron multiplicities. This analysis allowed to reconcile experimental findings like high fragment velocities, excitation energy, and the drop of the yield for fragment masses higher than the projectile one. In spite of departures on the position of energy spectra and isotopic distributions, indicating the necessity for modifying the transfer mechanism or calling upon fragmentation, the overall good agreement shows that dissipative transfers are still playing a relevant role in this energy domain

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Abdul, Karim Aniza. „The interaction of keV cluster and MeV ions with insulating materials“. Thesis, University of Surrey, 2015. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/808312/.

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Secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) is a well-known surface analysis technique with numerous applications in materials science. In recent years various types of primary ion beams have emerged to improve SIMS for analysing polymers, organic semiconductors and biological materials. keV cluster ions have given an improvement in producing higher secondary ion yields, reduced topography and reduced interface mixing while MeV SIMS has proven to be better in certain cases especially at desorbing higher mass molecules and has the ability to perform measurements at ambient pressure. This has generally driven the study to understand the interaction between keV cluster ions and MeV ions with insulating materials from both a modelling and an experimental perspective. A simple Monte Carlo model describing the desorption of a molecular solid under keV cluster and MeV ion bombardment is described. The model employs a conical ejection pattern, which has been suggested to be applicable for keV cluster and MeV ions impinging on molecular solids. The conical ejection region is combined with a cylindrical fragmentation region to predict the sputtering behaviour of molecular materials. Molecular dynamics simulations are used to back up this model. The model provides information about surface roughness induced by the process as well as the fragmentation build up during a prolonged sputtering process. This model is expanded to multi-layered systems and has produced some insight on the depth resolution of the analysis. Comparison studies between the model and experiments are also presented with polymer films analysed by a 10keV C60+ time-of-flight (TOF) SIMS. These results are found to compare favourably with each other.

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Gadi-Dayras, Fatma Zohra. „Étude des mécanismes conduisant à la "fragmentation" du projectile dans les réactions ⁴⁰ Ar + nat Ag à 30 MeV et 60 MeV par nucléon“. Paris 11, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA112223.

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Ce travail est une contribution à l'étude des mécanismes conduisant à la fragmentation du projectile dans les collisions entre ions lourds aux énergies intermédiaires (moins de 100 MeV par nucléon). Contrairement à ce que laissait prévoir certains calculs théoriques,des mesures inclusives des fragments du projectile et des mesures de corrélations entre ces fragments et ceux de la cible dans les réactions ⁴ ⁰ Ar + NatAg à 30 MeV et à 60 MeV par nucléon ne font apparaître aucune différence notoire susceptible d'indiquer un changement de mécanisme entre ces deux énergies. Les corrélations (angulaires, en masse et en vitesse) entre les fragments du projectile et ceux de la cible permettent d'exclure un transfert de masse du projectile vers la cible comme un mécanisme important dans la fragmentation du projectile. Cependant une description cohérente des données peut être obtenue soit dans le cadre d'un modèle d'abrasion-ablation qui prédit la production de fragments primaires du projectile et de la cible, très peu excités, soit au contraire dans l'hypothèse d'une réaction binaire, rappelant les premières étapes d'une réaction profondément inélastique, où l'énergie dissipée est partagée presque également entre le projectile et la cible qui sont alors fortement excités. Les énergies d'excitation élevées déduites de notre analyse à deux corps remettent en cause notre description du mécanisme de fragmentation. Ainsi, l'énergie d'excitation des fragments primaires constitue un paramètre clef qui doit dorénavant nous permettre de trancher entre les mécanismes de réaction mis en jeu
This work is devoted to a study of the reaction mechanisms leading to projectile fragmentation in heavy ion collisions at intermediate,energy (less than 100 MeV per nucleon). In contradiction with some theoretical calculations, inclusive measurements of projectile fragments as well as correlation measurements between projectile and target fragments in the reaction ⁴⁰ Ar + NatAg at 30 MeV and 60 MeV per nucleon do not show any evidence for a change in the reaction mechanism in this energy range. Angular, mass and velocity correlations between projectile and target fragments enable us to reject mass transfer from projectile to target as a leading mechanism in projectile fragmentations. However, a coherent description of the data can be given either in the framework of an abrasion-ablation model in which the primary fragments of the projectile and of the target are produced with very low excitation energies, or assuming a two-body reaction, reminiscent of the first steps of deeply inelastic collisions, in which the dissipated energy is shared about equally between strongly excited projectile and target. The high excitation energies deduced from the two-body analysis bring in question our description of the fragmentation process. Thus, the excita tion energy of the primary fragment is a key parameter which may be used in future experiments to distinguish between different reaction mechanisms

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Hegelich, Björn Manuel. „Acceleration of heavy Ions to MeV/nucleon Energies by Ultrahigh-Intensity Lasers“. Diss., lmu, 2002. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-6606.

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Hegelich, Björn Manuel. „Acceleration of heavy ions to MeV-nucleon energies by ultrahigh intensity lasers“. [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2002. http://edoc.ub.uni-muenchen.de/archive/00000660.

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Roussel, Patricia. „Étude du potentiel d'interaction noyau-noyau à partir de la diffusion élastique de ¹⁶O à 94 MeV/u“. Paris 11, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA112182.

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Etude du potentiel d'interaction noyau-noyau à partir de la diffusion élastique de 160 à 94 MeV/u. Nous avons mesuré les distributions angulaires de diffusion élastique de 160 à 94 MeV/u sur des cibles de 12C, 28Si, 40Ca, 90Zr, 208Pb. Ces distributions angulaires ont été analysées dans le cadre du modèle optique avec des potentiels de forme Woods-Saxon et dans le cadre du modèle de convolution. Pour le système le plus lourd, 160 + 208Pb, ces analyses montrent que le potentiel réel n'est déterminé de manière indiscutable qu'au voisinage du rayon d'absorption forte, alors que pour tous les systèmes plus légers, il est déterminé sur un domaine relativement large (2-3 fm), que nous avons appelé région sensible et qui correspond à un recouvrement des noyaux d'au tant plus fort que la masse du système est plus faible. Cette différence entre, d'une part, le système 160 + 208Pb et d'autre part les autres systèmes trouve son origine dans l'apparition de la contribution due à la déflexion vers les angles négatifs qui se manifeste par des oscillations, dites de Fraunhöfer, dans les distributions angulaires. C'est elle qui apporte des contraintes très fortes sur les valeurs du potentiel réel. La partie imaginaire du potentiel n'est, quant à elle déterminée qu'au voisinage du rayon d'absorption forte. La diminution importante du rayon d'absorption forte quand l'énergie augmente révèle une forte augmentation de la transparence à la surface des noyaux. Les calculs effectués dans le cadre du modèle de convolution ont permis d'étudier la force du potentiel nucléaire de manière moins ambigüe qu'avec des potentiels phénoménologiques. Dans les régions où ils sont déterminés, les potentiels réels et imaginaires diminuent régulièrement quand l'énergie passe de 10 à 100 MeV/u. Cette diminution est en désaccord avec les résultats de différents calculs microscopiques qui prévoient une augmentation ou une saturation du potentiel nucléaire dans cette gamme d'énergies
Study of the nucleus-nucleus interaction potential via 160 elastic scattering at 94 MeV/u. The elastic scattering angular distributions of 160 at 94 MeV/u on 12C, 28Si, 40Ca, 90zr, 208Pb targets have been measured. They have been analyzed in the framework of the optical model with Woods-Saxon potentials and in the framework of the folding model. Concerning the heaviest system 160 + 208Pb, these analyses show that the real potential is well-defined only in the vicinity of the strong absorption radius, whereas for the lighter systems, it is defined in a relatively wide region (2-3 fm), which we called sensitive region and which corresponds to a strong overlap of the two nuclei, especially for the systems 160 + 208 Si and 160 + 12C. This difference, between the 160 + 208Pb system and the other systems originates in the appearance of the far-side contribution which manifests itself in the angular distributions by the so-called Fraunhöfer oscillations. This far-side contribution brings very strong constraints on the real potential values. The imaginary part of the potential is determined only in the vicinity of the strong absorption radius. The large reduction of the strong absorption radius for all the studied systems as the energy increases shows that the nuclear surface transparency is strongly enhanced at intermediate energies. The calculations performed with folding potentials allowed a study of the nuclear potential strength, in a less ambiguous way than with phenomenological potentials. In the regions where they are well-defined, the real and imaginary potentia1s decrease regularly when the energy goes from 10 to 100 MeV/u. This decrease disagrees with the results of microscopic calculations which predict an increase or a saturation of the nuclear potential in this energy range

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Do, Ngoc-Long. „Etude de l'oxydation thermique du titane et du zirconium sous irradiation aux ions d'argon dans le domaine du MeV (E ≤ 15 MeV)“. Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2012. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00780772.

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Do, Ngoc Long. „Etude de l'oxydation thermique du titane et du zirconium sous irradiation aux ions d'argon dans le domaine du MeV (E ≤ 15 MeV)“. Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 2012. https://pastel.hal.science/docs/00/78/07/72/PDF/PhD-thesis_Ngoc-Long-DO.pdf.

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Nous avons montré que l'irradiation aux ions d'argon d'énergie comprise entre 1 et 15 MeV cause des dommages en surface du titane et du zirconium, qui prennent la forme d'une oxydation accélérée et/ou d'une cratérisation dont les effets évoluent en fonction de l'énergie du projectile et de l'atmosphère de recuit (température et pression), simulant les conditions environnementales représentatives de l'interface gaine/combustible d'un réacteur REP. Par AFM, nous avons montré que la surface du titane et du zirconium était attaquée par bombardement aux ions d'argon, à haute température (jusqu'à 500°C) en milieu faiblement oxydant (sous pression d'air sec raréfié comprise entre 5,7 10-5 Pa et 5 10-3 Pa) et à une dose moyenne fixée à environ 5 1014 ions. Cm-2. On observe ainsi la formation de cratères nanométriques sur toute la surface du titane irradié entre 2 et 9 MeV et celle du zirconium irradié à 4 MeV, dont les caractéristiques varient en fonction de la température et de la pression. Dans le cas du couple Ar/Ti, l'efficacité d'endommagement superficiel augmente lorsque l'énergie du projectile diminue de 9 à 2 MeV. Par ailleurs, alors que la surface du titane apparaît transparente au faisceau d'ions à 15 MeV, celle du zirconium révèle de nombreux cratères micrométriques entourés d'un large halo sombre. Les caractéristiques des cratères (taille et densité superficielle) diffèrent de façon significative de celles observées à la fois dans le domaine des basses énergies (keV) où le dépôt d'énergie est contrôlé par les collisions balistiques (Sn) et dans le domaine des hautes énergies (MeV - GeV) où le dépôt d'énergie est contrôlé par les excitations électroniques (Se), ce qui n'était pas complètement inattendu dans le domaine d'énergie intermédiaire étudié, dans lequel des effets de pouvoir d'arrêt combiné Sn - Se sont envisageables. Par XPS couplé au décapage ionique, nous avons montré qu'il existe un effet d'irradiation sur l'oxydation thermique du titane, exacerbée sous faisceau d'ions d'argon entre 2 et 9 MeV, et qu'il existe aussi un effet d'énergie sur l'épaisseur et la stœchiométrie de l'oxyde. L'étude menée par Ellipsométrie Spectroscopique sur les films d'oxyde formés entre 1 et 9 MeV a corroboré ces résultats et montré précisément qu'il existe un pic d'oxydation en fonction de l'énergie d'ions d'argon, qui présente un maximum à 3 MeV, dans les conditions de l'expérience. Les mesures de gain d'oxygène effectuées par NBS confirment l'existence de ce pic d'oxydation. Les résultats acquis à ce jour par NBS concernant l'oxydation thermique du zirconium sous irradiation à l'argon de 4 et 9 MeV confirment les travaux antérieurs du groupe Aval du Cycle Electronucléaire de l'Institut de Physique Nucléaire de Lyon, et suggèrent fortement l'existence d'un pic d'oxydation dans la même plage d'énergie de projectile que pour le titane
We have shown that argon ion irradiation between 1 and 15 MeV produces damage on both titanium and zirconium surfaces, taking the form of accelerated oxidation and/or craterization effects, varying as a function of the projectile energy and the annealing atmosphere (temperature and pressure) simulating the environmental conditions of the fuel/cladding interface of PWR fuel rods. Using AFM, we have shown that the titanium and zirconium surface is attacked under light argon ion bombardment at high temperature (up to 500°C) in weakly oxidizing medium (under rarefied dry air pressure ranging from 5,7 10-5 Pa to 5 10-3 Pa) for a fixed fluence of about 5 1014 ions. Cm-2. We observed the formation of nanometric craters over the whole titanium surface irradiated between 2 and 9 MeV and the whole zirconium surface irradiated at 4 MeV, the characteristics of which vary depending on the temperature and the pressure. In the case of the Ar/Ti couple, the superficial damage efficiency increases when the projectile energy decreases from 9 to 2 MeV. Moreover, whereas the titanium surface seems to be transparent under the 15-MeV ion beam, the zirconium surface exhibits numerous micrometric craters surrounded by a wide halo. The crater characteristics (size and superficial density) differ significantly from that observed both in the low energy range (keV) where the energy losses are controlled by ballistic collisions (Sn) and in the high energy range (MeV - GeV) where the energy losses are controlled by electronic excitations (Se), which was not completely unexpected in this intermediate energy range for which combined Sn - Se stopping power effects are possibly foreseen. Using XPS associated to ionic sputtering, we have shown that there is an irradiation effect on thermal oxidation of titanium, enhanced under the argon ion beam between 2 and 9 MeV, and that there is also an energy effect on the oxide thickness and stoichiometry. The study conducted using Spectroscopic Ellipsometry on the oxide films grown between 1 and 9 MeV confirmed these results and showed precisely that there is an oxidation peak as a function of the argon ion energy, found maximum at 3 MeV under present experimental conditions. The oxygen gain measurements obtained by NBS confirm the presence of this oxidation peak. Until now, the results obtained by NBS concerning the thermal oxidation of zirconium under argon irradiation at 4 and 9 MeV confirm the previous works done by the 'Aval du Cycle Electronucléaire' group of the 'Institut de Physique Nucléaire de Lyon', and strongly suggest the existence of the oxidation peak in the same projectile energy range, as for titanium

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Bücher zum Thema "MeV ions"

Junwei, Huang, Hrsg. IOS Web Kai fa ru men jing dian: Shi yong HTML, CSS, JavaScript he Ajax. Beijing: Qing hua da xue chu ban she, 2013.

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Guan, Dongsheng. Yao zhang wo iOS kai fa, xian zhang wo iPhone shang de mei yi ge gan ying qi. Taibei Shi: Jia kui zi xun, 2016.

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iPhone 6 di biao zui qiang mi ji da ji he!: Zhao chu ni mei xiang guo de huo yong fa, jie kai yin cang ban de li ji gong lüe. Taibei Shi: Dian nao ren wen hua, 2015.

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Singh, B. P., und R. Prasad. Fundamentals and Applications of Heavy Ion Collisions: Below 10 MeV/ Nucleon Energies. Cambridge University Press, 2018.

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Mason, Peggy. The Neuron at Rest. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190237493.003.0009.

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Neuronal membrane potential depends on the distribution of ions across the plasma membrane and the permeability of the membrane to those ions afforded by transmembrane proteins. Ions cannot pass through a lipid bilayer but enter or exit neurons through ion channels. When activated by voltage or a ligand, ion channels open to form a pore through which selective ions can pass. The ion channels that support a resting membrane potential are critical to setting a cell’s excitability. From the distribution of an ionic species, the Nernst potential can be used to predict the steady-state potential for that one ion. Neurons are permeable to potassium, sodium, and chloride ions at rest. The Goldman-Hodgkin-Katz equation takes into consideration the influence of multiple ionic species and can be used to predict neuronal membrane potential. Finally, how synaptic inputs affect neurons through synaptic currents and changes in membrane resistance is described.

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Slimp, Jefferson C. Neurophysiology of Multiple Sclerosis. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199341016.003.0003.

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Any discussion of the pathomechanisms and treatments of MS benefits from an understanding of the physiology of the neuronal membrane and the action potential. Neurons and glia, are important for signal propagation, synaptic function, and neural development. The neuronal cell membrane, maintains different ionic environments inside and outside the cell, separating charge across the membrane and facilitating electrical excitability. Ion channels allow flow of sodium, potassium, and calcium ions across the membrane at selected times. At rest, potassium ion efflux across the membrane establishes the nerve membrane resting potential. When activated by a voltage change to threshold, sodium influx generates an action potential, or a sudden alteration in membrane potentials, that can be conducted along an axon. The myelin sheaths around an axon, increase the speed of conduction and conserve energy. The pathology of MS disrupts the myelin structures, disturbs conduction, and leads to neurodegeneration. Ion channels have been the target of investigation for both restoration of conduction and neuroprotection.

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Jef ferys, John G. R. Cortical activity: single cell, cell assemblages, and networks. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199688395.003.0004.

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This chapter describes how the activity of neurons produces electrical potentials that can be recorded at the levels of single cells, small groups of neurons, and larger neuronal networks. It outlines how the movement of ions across neuronal membranes produces action potentials and synaptic potentials. It considers how the spatial arrangement of specific ion channels on the neuronal surface can produce potentials that can be recorded from the extracellular space. Finally, it outlines how the layered cellular structure of the neocortex can result in summation of signals from many neurons to be large enough to record through the scalp as evoked potentials or the electroencephalogram.

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Zwarts, Machiel J. Nerve, muscle, and neuromuscular junction. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199688395.003.0001.

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Essential to all living creatures is the ability to convey information. In addition motor responses are required, for example running. This all is possible due to the ability of specialized cells to conduct information along the cell membrane by means of action potentials (AP) made possible by the charged cell membrane, which has selective permeability for different ions. Voltage and ligand sensitive ion channels are responsible for sudden changes in selective permeability of the membrane resulting in local depolarization of the membrane. The neuromuscular junction is a highly specialized region of the distal motor axon that is responsible for the transferring of activation from nerve to muscle. All these systems and subsystems can fail and a thorough understanding is necessary in order to understand the changes a clinical neurophysiologist can encounter while recording from the human nervous system in cases of disorders of brain, nerve and muscle.

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O’Callaghan, Chris A. Renal function. Herausgegeben von Rutger Ploeg. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199659579.003.0126.

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The kidneys play a central role in homeostasis by maintaining extracellular fluid composition and volume. They do this by continuous filtration of plasma in the renal glomeruli and then subsequent modification of the filtered fluid as it passes along the nephron. The filtration process excludes large molecules, but most small molecules and ions are freely filtered. The filtrate that is produced in the glomeruli has a similar composition to plasma with respect to small molecules and ions. Most of the water and solutes are reabsorbed along the tubules and this process requires high levels of metabolic activity. In addition, a range of compounds and ions are secreted into the tubules along the nephron. Renal function is central to homeostasis and an appreciation of normal renal physiology is essential to understand the role of the kidney in a wide variety of disease processes.

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Steinhäuser, Christian, Gerald Seifert und Joachim W. Deitmer. Physiology of Astrocytes: Ion Channels and Ion Transporters. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199794591.003.0016.

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This is a digitally enhanced text. Readers can also see the coverage of this topic area in the second edition of Neuroglia. The second edition of Neuroglia was first published digitally in Oxford Scholarship Online and the bibliographic details provided, if cited, will direct people to that version of the text. Readers can also see the coverage of this topic area in the ...

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Buchteile zum Thema "MeV ions"

Cassimi, A., J. P. Grandin und M. G. Suraud. „Charge state distributions of 44 MeV/amu 129Xe44+ and 29 MeV/amu 208pb56+ after various solid targets“. In Atomic Physics of Highly Charged Ions, 329–30. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-76658-9_103.

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Kürpick, P., W. D. Sepp und B. Fricke. „Inclusive probabilities for the scattering system 16 MeV-S16+ on Ar“. In Atomic Physics of Highly Charged Ions, 293–94. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-76658-9_89.

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Heil, O., R. Maier, R. D. DuBois, M. Kuzel und K. O. Groeneveld. „Doubly differential electron emission cross sections for He0 (0.5 MeV/amu) → He collisions“. In Atomic Physics of Highly Charged Ions, 333–35. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-76658-9_105.

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Kraus, B., K. H. Schartner, F. Folkmann, A. E. Livingston und P. H. Mokler. „EUV spectra from Ne and Ar recoil ions induced by 1.4 MeV/u heavy ion beams“. In Atomic Physics of Highly Charged Ions, 303–4. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-76658-9_94.

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Folkmann, F. „Satellite structure of chromium K-alpha x-rays, induced by 1.0 and 1.4 MeV/u heavy ions“. In Atomic Physics of Highly Charged Ions, 263–65. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-76658-9_76.

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Kraus, B., K. H. Schartner, F. Folkmann, A. E. Livingston und P. H. Mokler. „Strong contributions from Rydberg transitions in EUV radiation from beam-foil excited heavy ions at 1.4 MeV/u“. In Atomic Physics of Highly Charged Ions, 305–7. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-76658-9_95.

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Matthäus, R., R. Moshammer und K. Wien. „Energy and Angular Distributions of Secondary Ions Ejected from Clean Metals by MeV Ion Impact“. In NATO ASI Series, 55–59. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-7926-3_7.

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Reimann, C. T., W. L. Brown, M. J. Nowakowski, S. T. Cui und R. E. Johnson. „Ejection of Argon Dimers from Solid Argon Films Electronically Excited by MeV He Ions“. In Springer Series in Surface Sciences, 226–34. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-84145-3_30.

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Kurosawa, T., T. Nakamura, H. Iwase, H. Sato, N. Nakao, Y. Uwamino und A. Fukumura. „Measurements and Calculations of Secondary Particle Yields from 100-to 800 MeV/Nucleon Heavy Ions“. In Advanced Monte Carlo for Radiation Physics, Particle Transport Simulation and Applications, 1151–56. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-18211-2_184.

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Pászti, F. „Macroscopic Phenomena Induced by High Dose MeV Energy Implantation of He, Ne and Ar Ions“. In Fundamental Aspects of Inert Gases in Solids, 185–92. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-3680-6_15.

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Konferenzberichte zum Thema "MeV ions"

Davydenko, V. I. „Stripping Target of 2.5 MeV 10 mA Tandem Accelerator“. In PRODUCTION AND NEUTRALIZATION OF NEGATIVE IONS AND BEAMS: 10th International Symposium on Production and Neutralization of Negative Ions and Beams. AIP, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1908310.

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Ma, Guoliang, Yanqing Zhang, Heyi Li, Chaoming Liu, Chunhua Qi, Yidan Wei, Tianqi Wang, Shangli Dong und Mingxue Huo. „Effect of Primary Knocked-on Atoms on Conductivity Compensation in N-type 4H-SiC Irradiated by 1 MeV Electrons, 25 MeV C Ions and 40 MeV Si Ions“. In 2019 IEEE 26th International Symposium on the Physical and Failure Analysis of Integrated Circuits (IPFA). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ipfa47161.2019.8984862.

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Ishigami, Ryoya. „Transmission ERDA in Air with 15 MeV 4He Ions“. In APPLICATION OF ACCELERATORS IN RESEARCH AND INDUSTRY: 17TH International Conference on the Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry. AIP, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1619762.

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Taniguchi, M., H. P. L. de Esch, L. Svensson, N. Umeda, M. Kashiwagi, K. Watanabe, H. Tobari et al. „Development of 1 MeV H[sup −] Accelerator at JAEA for ITER NB“. In NEGATIVE IONS, BEAMS AND SOURCES: Proceedings of the 1st International Symposium on Negative Ions, Beams and Sources. AIP, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3112530.

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Kuriyama, M., D. Boilson, R. Hemsworth, L. Svensson, J. Graceffa, B. Schunke, H. Decamps et al. „Status of the 1 MeV Accelerator Design for ITER NBI“. In SECOND INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON NEGATIVE IONS, BEAMS AND SOURCES. AIP, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3637426.

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Vij, Ankush, Ravi Kumar, Fouran Singh, Nafa Singh, Alka B. Garg, R. Mittal und R. Mukhopadhyay. „120 MeV Ag[sup 9+] Ions Induced Ionoluminescence of SrS:Ce“. In SOLID STATE PHYSICS, PROCEEDINGS OF THE 55TH DAE SOLID STATE PHYSICS SYMPOSIUM 2010. AIP, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3605948.

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Sangyuenyongpipat, S., H. J. Whitlow, S. T. Nakagawa, E. Yoshida, Floyd D. McDaniel und Barney L. Doyle. „Lithography with MeV Energy Ions for Biomedical Applications: Accelerator Considerations“. In APPLICATION OF ACCELERATORS IN RESEARCH AND INDUSTRY: Twentieth International Conference. AIP, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3120033.

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Skogvall, B., J. Chesnel, F. Fremont, D. Lecler, X. Husson, A. Lepoutre, D. Hennecart, J. P. Grandin und N. Stolterfoht. „Double ionization of Li by 95 MeV/u N7+ impact“. In 6th International conference on the physics of highly charged ions. AIP, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.43678.

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Kashiwagi, Mieko, Takashi Inoue, Masaki Taniguchi, Naotaka Umeda, Larry R. Grisham, Masayuki Dairaku, Jumpei Takemoto et al. „Study of beamlet deflection and its compensations in a MeV accelerator“. In SECOND INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON NEGATIVE IONS, BEAMS AND SOURCES. AIP, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3637417.

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Fumelli, Michele, François Jequier, Jéro^me Paméla und Alain Simonin. „Proposal for a 1 MeV, 0.1 A, d.c. D− beam acceleration experiment at Cadarache“. In Production and neutralization of negative ions and beams. AIP, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.44806.

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Berichte der Organisationen zum Thema "MeV ions"

Chang, S. W., J. D. Scudder, K. Kudela, H. E. Spence und J. F. Fennell. MeV Magnetosheath Ions Energized at the Bow Shock. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, August 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada403702.

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Carpenter, M. P., R. W. Dunford und D. S. Gemmell. Extended wake effects in Coulomb explosions of 35-MeV/amu HeH{sup +} ions. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/166496.

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Tombrello, T. A. Application of MeV ions to the analysis and modification of high temperature superconducting materials. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6236949.

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Hershcovitch, Ady, und Michael Furey. Highly Stripped Ion Sources for MeV Ion Implantation. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), Juni 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/990451.

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Zweben, S. J., G. Hammett, R. Boivin, C. Phillips und R. Wilson. MeV ion loss during sup 3 He minority heating in TFTR. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), Januar 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5970258.

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Zweben, S. J., G. Hammett, R. Boivin, C. Phillips und R. Wilson. MeV ion loss during {sup 3}He minority heating in TFTR. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), Januar 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10117425.

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Wampler, William R. 14 MeV DT Neutron Test Facility at the Sandia Ion Beam Laboratory. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), Januar 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1596231.

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Wampler, William R., Barney L. Doyle, Gyorgy Vizkelethy, Edward S. Bielejec, Clark S. Snow, Jedediah D. Styron und Matthew Jeffrey Jasica. 14 MeV DT Neutron Test Facility at the Sandia Ion Beam Laboratory. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1569148.

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Zimmerman, R. L., D. Ila, E. K. Williams, S. S. Sarkisov, D. B. Poker und D. K. Hensley. Fabrication of copper and gold nanoclusters in MgO (100) by MeV ion implantation. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), Oktober 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/634051.

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Sarkisov, S. S., E. Williams, M. Curley, D. Ila, P. Venkateswarlu, D. B. Poker und D. K. Hensley. Third Order Optical Nonlinearity of Colloidal Metal Nanoclusters Formed by MeV Ion Implantation. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), Oktober 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/655246.

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