Dissertationen zum Thema „Méthodes des éléments de frontière rapides“
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Gatard, Ludovic. „Méthodes d'équations intégrales de frontière d'ordre élevé pour les équations de Maxwell : couplage de la méthode de discrétisation microlocale et de la méthode multipôle rapide FMM“. Bordeaux 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007BOR13416.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBagur, Laura. „Modeling fluid injection effects in dynamic fault rupture using Fast Boundary Element Methods“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Institut polytechnique de Paris, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024IPPAE010.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleEarthquakes due to either natural or anthropogenic sources cause important human and material damage. In both cases, the presence of pore fluids influences the triggering of seismic instabilities.A new and timely question in the community is to show that the earthquake instability could be mitigated by active control of the fluid pressure. In this work, we study the ability of Fast Boundary Element Methods (Fast BEMs) to provide a multi-physic large-scale robust solver required for modeling earthquake processes, human induced seismicity and their mitigation.In a first part, a Fast BEM solver with different temporal integration algorithms is used. We assess the performances of various possible adaptive time-step methods on the basis of 2D seismic cycle benchmarks available for planar faults. We design an analytical aseismic solution to perform convergence studies and provide a rigorous comparison of the capacities of the different solving methods in addition to the seismic cycles benchmarks tested. We show that a hybrid prediction-correction / adaptive time-step Runge-Kutta method allows not only for an accurate solving but also to incorporate both inertial effects and hydro-mechanical couplings in dynamic fault rupture simulations.In a second part, once the numerical tools are developed for standard fault configurations, our objective is to take into account fluid injection effects on the seismic slip. We choose the poroelastodynamic framework to incorporate injection effects on the earthquake instability. A complete poroelastodynamic model would require non-negligible computational costs or approximations. We justify rigorously which predominant fluid effects are at stake during an earthquake or a seismic cycle. To this aim, we perform a dimensional analysis of the equations, and illustrate the results using a simplified 1D poroelastodynamic problem. We formally show that at the timescale of the earthquake instability, inertial effects are predominant whereas a combination of diffusion and elastic deformation due to pore pressure change should be privileged at the timescale of the seismic cycle, instead of the diffusion model mainly used in the literature
Trinh, Quoc-Tuan. „Modélisation tridimensionnelle en élastostatique des domaines multizones et multifissurés : une approche par la méthode multipôle rapide en éléments de frontière de Galerkin“. Thesis, Strasbourg, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014STRAD036/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe modeling of cracks and its influence on the understanding of the behaviors of the civil engineering structures is an open topic since many decades. To take into consideration complex configurations, it is necessary to construct more robust and more efficient algorithms. In this work, the approach Galerkin of the boundary integral equations (Symmetric Galerkin Boundary Element Method) coupled with the Fast Multipole Method (FMM) has been adopted. The boundary analysis are well-known for the flexibility to treat sophisticated geometries (unbounded/semi-unbounded) whilst reducing the problem dimension or for the good accuracy when dealing with the singularities. By coupling with the FMM, all the bottle-necks of the traditional BEM due to the fully-populated matrices or the slow evaluations of the integrals have been reduced, thus making the FM-SGBEM an attractive alternative for problems in fracture mechanics. In this work, the existing single-region formulations have been extended to multi-region configurations along with several types of solicitations. Many efforts have also been spent to improve the efficiency of the numerical algorithms. Fatigue crack propagations have been implemented and some practical simulations have been considered. The obtained results have validated the numerical program and have also opened many perspectives of further developments for the code
Averseng, Martin. „Méthodes efficaces pour la diffraction acoustique en 2 et 3 dimensions : préconditionnement sur des domaines singuliers et convolution rapide“. Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLX083.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn this thesis, we are concerned with the numerical resolution of the problem of acoustic waves scattering by an obstacle in dimensions 2 and 3, with the boundary element method. In the first three chapters, we consider objects with singular geometries. We focus on the case of objects with edge singularities, first open curves in the plane, and then open surfaces in dimension 3. We present a formalism that allows to restore the good properties that held for smooth objects. A weight function is defined on the scattering object, and the usual layer potentials (single-layer and hypersingular) are adequately rescaled by this weight function. Suitable preconditioners are proposed, that take the form of square roots of local operators. In dimension 2, we give a complete theoretical and numerical analysis of the problem. We show in particular that the weighted layer potentials belong to a class of pseudo-differential operators on open curves that we define and analyze here. The pseudo-differential calculus thus developed allows us to compute parametrices for the weighted layer potentials, which correspond to the continuous versions of our preconditioners. In dimension 3, we show how those ideas can be extended theoretically and numerically, for the particular case of the scattering by an infinitely thin disk. In the last chapter, we present a new method for the rapid evaluation of discrete convolutions by radial functions in dimension 2. Such convolutions represent a computational bottleneck in the boundary element methods. Our algorithm relies on the non-uniform fast Fourier transform and generalizes to dimension 2 an analogous algorithm available in dimension 3, namely the sparse cardinal sine decomposition
Haghi-Ashtiani, Bidjan. „Méthodes d'assemblage rapide et de résolution itérative pour un solveur adaptatif en équations intégrales de frontières destiné à l'électromagnétisme“. Phd thesis, Ecole Centrale de Lyon, 1998. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00139486.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSharifi, Hamid 1964 19 juin. „Méthodes des éléments finis de frontière utilisant la programmation orientée objet“. Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/mq25733.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDansou, Anicet. „Méthode des éléments de frontière accélérée pour les structures multifissurées : application au renforcement des chaussées“. Thesis, Strasbourg, 2019. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2019/DANSOU_Anicet_2019_ED269.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleCracking is one of the major causes of structural degradation in civil engineering. Numerical modeling of cracks and their propagation, requires the development of efficient algorithms. This thesis presents the optimization and extension of an existing numerical tool, for the efficient simulation of crack propagation problems in civil engineering structures. The presented code is based on Galerkin integral equations accelerated by the fast multipole method. Integral methods are accurate in fracture mechanics problems, for the computation of stress and displacement fields near cracks and have the advantage of reducing the discretization dimension. The calculation cost of integral methods can be reduced with the fast multipole method, which is based on a reformulation of the fundamental solutions into series of product of functions. The performance of the resulting code is improved in this work through the implementation of a data reusing technique, the parallelization of time-consuming parts and the proposal of a new method of data storage. Extension work is also carried out to consider complex multi-domain problems, the treatment of surface breaking cracks and the study of complex problems by coupling with the finite element method. The obtained code has made it possible to simulate crack propagation in road pavement structures. Our work has permitted to study the effect of fiberglass grid reinforcements on pavement cracking
Mouhoubi, Saïda. „Couplage symétrique éléments finis-éléments de frontière en mécanique : formulation et implantation dans un code éléments finis“. Limoges, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000LIMO0042.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLizé, Benoît. „Résolution directe rapide pour les éléments finis de frontière en électromagnétisme et acoustique : ℋ-Matrices. Parallélisme et applications industrielles“. Thesis, Paris 13, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA132030/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe Boundary Element Method (BEM) requires the solving of large, ill-conditionned, dense linear systems with a large number of righ-hand sides ; the solving difficulty is the main practical obstacle to its use. A hierarchical matrix (ℋ´Matrix) is a hierachical, approximate, data-sparse storage format for matrices that can be manipulated to produce a direct linear solver with an asymptotic space and time complexity of O(N log α2 (N)). We consider the ℋ´Matrices for the BEM, with the assessment and application of ℋ´Matrices to complex academic and industrial test cases on the one hand ; and the efficient parallelization of these algorithms on the other hand. A rigorous and detailed parametric study on model and industrial test cases is shown. We define the working range of ℋ-Matrices for the BEM, provide recommendations for the algorithm parameters, and describe some practical optimizations. We show the relevance of the ℋ-Matrices in terms of precision and computation time, in comparison with a classical direct solver and with an iterative solver based on the Fast Multipole Method. The parallelization of the algorithms, in shared and distributed memory, relies on the expression of the computations with composable task graphs, dynamically scheduled with the help of a runtime system. We give an expression controlling the operations granularity through a configurable cut of the ℋ-Matrices, and present various optimizations and extensions of this expression. An almost optimal parallel efficiency is achieved in shared memory, along with promising results in distributed memory
Chang, Philippe. „Modélisation des écoulements turbulents à surface libre par éléments finis de frontière“. Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25742/25742.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleChaillat, Stéphanie. „Méthode multipôle rapide pour les équations intégrales de frontière en élastodynamique 3D. Application à la propagation d'ondes sismiques“. Phd thesis, Ecole des Ponts ParisTech, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00359461.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLa FMM a permis d'augmenter de manière significative les capacités de la BEM dans beaucoup de domaines d'application.
Dans ce travail, la FMM est étendue aux équations de l'élastodynamique 3D dans le domaine fréquentiel, pour des domaines homogènes puis, grâce à une stratégie de couplage BE-BE, aux problèmes multi-domaines. D'autres améliorations de la méthode sont aussi présentées: préconditionnement, réduction du nombre de moments, développement multipôle pour les fonctions de Green du demi-espace. Des applications en sismologie sont présentées pour des modèles canoniques ainsi qu'au modèle de la vallée de Grenoble.
Mbduayoueyou, Mefire Séraphin. „Couplage éléments finis mixtes-méthodes d'intégrale de frontière pour la résolution des équations de la magnétostatique tridimensionnelle“. Paris 11, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA112373.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDedieu, Stéphane. „Optimisation des actuateurs et capteurs piézo-électriques dans le cadre du contrôle actif vibroacoustique par utilisation de méthodes éléments finis/éléments finis de frontière“. Compiègne, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997COMP1084.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleFochesato, Christophe. „Modèles numériques pour les vagues et les ondes internes“. Phd thesis, École normale supérieure de Cachan - ENS Cachan, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00132969.
Der volle Inhalt der QuellePonizy, Barbara. „Calcul rapide de l'écoulement non symétrique autour de navires à l'aide de singularités de Kelvin ; application au cas des voiliers“. Poitiers, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996POIT2300.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleRais, Rania. „Couplage entre éléments finis et représentation intégrale pour les problèmes de diffraction acoustique et électromagnétique : analyse de convergence des méthodes de Krylov et méthodes multipôles rapides“. Thesis, Rennes 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014REN1S013/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleWe are concerned with the study of different aspects of a numerical strategy for the resolution of acoustic and electromagnetic scattering problems. We focus more particu- larly on a coupling of finite element and integral representation (CEFRI) : we study an iterative algorithm by analogy with a domain decomposition method, and consider the use of the Fast Multipole Method (FMM). The system to be solved involves integral operators which requires the use of fast methods such as the FMM. The correspondence with a domain decomposition method is obtained by extending to the exterior Maxwell problem the results derived by F. Ben Belgacem et al. for the Helmholtz problem posed in unbounded domain. To this aim, we show the analogy to the Schwarz method with total overlap. This interpretation of CEFRI suggests a preconditioner for Krylov solvers and enables us to have a preliminary idea of their convergence. We derive in this context an analytical proof of a superlinear convergence of GMRES in a spherical configuration. The validation of these aspects has been achieved by the enrichment of the finite element library Mélina++ in C++
Vuylsteke, Xavier. „Development of a reference method based on the fast multipole boundary element method for sound propagation problems in urban environments : formalism, improvements & applications“. Thesis, Paris Est, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PEST1174/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDescribed as one of the best ten algorithms of the 20th century, the fast multipole formalism applied to the boundary element method allows to handle large problems which were inconceivable only a few years ago. Thus, the motivation of the present work is to assess the ability, as well as the benefits in term of computational resources provided by the application of this formalism to the boundary element method, for solving sound propagation problems and providing reference solutions, in three dimensional dense urban environments, in the aim of assessing or improving fast engineering tools. We first introduce the mathematical background required for the derivation of the boundary integral equation, for solving sound propagation problems in unbounded domains. We discuss the conventional and hyper-singular boundary integral equation to overcome the numerical artifact of fictitious eigen-frequencies, when solving exterior problems. We then make a brief historical and technical overview of the fast multipole principle and introduce the mathematical tools required to expand the elementary solution of the Helmholtz equation and describe the main steps, from a numerical viewpoint, of fast multipole calculations. A sound propagation problem in a city block made of 5 buildings allows us to highlight instabilities in the recursive computation of translation matrices, resulting in discontinuities of the surface pressure and a no convergence of the iterative solver. This observation leads us to consider the very recent work of Gumerov & Duraiswamy, related to a ``stable'' recursive computation of rotation matrices coefficients in the RCR decomposition. This new improved algorithm has been subsequently assessed successfully on a multi scattering problem up to a dimensionless domain size equal to 207 wavelengths. We finally performed comparisons between a BEM algorithm, extit{Micado3D}, the FMBEM algorithm and a ray tracing algorithm, Icare, for the calculation of averaged pressure levels in an opened and closed court yards. The fast multipole algorithm allowed to validate the results computed with Icare in the opened court yard up to 300 Hz corresponding, (i.e. 100 wavelengths), while in the closed court yard, a very sensitive area without direct or reflective fields, further investigations related to the preconditioning seem required to ensure reliable solutions provided by iterative solver based algorithms
Salles, Nicolas. „Calcul des singularités dans les méthodes d’équations intégrales variationnelles“. Thesis, Paris 11, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA112164/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe implementation of the boundary element method requires the evaluation of integrals with a singular integrand. A reliable and accurate calculation of these integrals can in some cases be crucial and difficult. The proposed method is a recursive reduction of the dimension of the integration domain and leads to a representation of the integral as a linear combination of one-dimensional integrals whose integrand is regular and that can be evaluated numerically and even explicitly. The 3-D Helmholtz equation is used as a model equation, but these results can be used for the Laplace and the Maxwell equations in 3-D. The integrand is decomposed into a homogeneous part and a regular part, the latter can be treated by conventional numerical integration methods. For the discretization of the domain we use planar triangles, so we evaluate integrals over the product of two triangles. The technique we have developped requires to distinguish between several geometric configurations, that's why we treat separately the case of triangles in the same plane, in secant planes and in parallel planes
Salles, Nicolas. „Calcul des singularités dans les méthodes d’équations intégrales variationnelles“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 11, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA112164.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe implementation of the boundary element method requires the evaluation of integrals with a singular integrand. A reliable and accurate calculation of these integrals can in some cases be crucial and difficult. The proposed method is a recursive reduction of the dimension of the integration domain and leads to a representation of the integral as a linear combination of one-dimensional integrals whose integrand is regular and that can be evaluated numerically and even explicitly. The 3-D Helmholtz equation is used as a model equation, but these results can be used for the Laplace and the Maxwell equations in 3-D. The integrand is decomposed into a homogeneous part and a regular part, the latter can be treated by conventional numerical integration methods. For the discretization of the domain we use planar triangles, so we evaluate integrals over the product of two triangles. The technique we have developped requires to distinguish between several geometric configurations, that's why we treat separately the case of triangles in the same plane, in secant planes and in parallel planes
Bonnet, Marc. „Quelques contributions aux méthodes d'équations intégrales et à l'étude de problèmes inverses en mécanique des solides“. Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 1995. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00121985.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSalles, Nicolas. „Calcul des singularités dans les méthodes d'équations intégrales variationnelles“. Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00877482.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleCasenave, Fabien, und Fabien Casenave. „Méthodes de réduction de modèles appliquées à des problèmes d'aéroacoustique résolus par équations intégrales“. Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2013. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00961528.
Der volle Inhalt der QuellePoirier, Yohan. „Contribution à l'accélération d'un code de calcul des interactions vagues/structures basé sur la théorie potentielle instationnaire des écoulements à surface libre“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Ecole centrale de Nantes, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023ECDN0042.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleNumerous numerical methods have been developed to model and study the interactions between waves and structures. The most commonly used are those based on potential free-surface flow theory. In the Weak-Scatterer approach, the free-surface boundary conditions are linearized with respect to the position of the incident wave, so the disturbances on the wave must be of low amplitude compared to the incident wave, but no assumptions are made about the motion of the bodies and the amplitude of the incident wave, thus increasing the scope of application. When this approach is coupled with a boundary element method, it is necessary to construct and solve a dense linear system at each time iteration. The high spatial complexity of these steps limits the use of this method to relatively small systems. This thesis aims to reduce this constraint by implementing methods for accelerating calculations. It is shown that the use of the multipole method reduces the spatial complexity in time and memory space associated with solving the linear system, making it possible to study larger systems. Several preconditioning methods have been studied in order to reduce the number of iterations required to find the solution to the system using an iterative solver. In contrast to the fast multiparallelization method, the Parareal time parallelization method can, in principle, accelerate the entire simulation. We show that it speeds up calculation times in the case of fixed floats free in the swell, but that the acceleration factor decreases rapidly with the camber of the swell
Casenave, Fabien. „Méthodes de réduction de modèles appliquées à des problèmes d'aéroacoustique résolus par équations intégrales“. Thesis, Paris Est, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PEST1076/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis thesis has two topics : numerical methods for acoustic wave propagation in a flow and reduced order models. In the first topic, we develop a coupled finite element and boundary element method to solve the convected Helmholtz equation, when the flow is uniform outside a bounded domain. In particular, we propose a formulation that is well-posed at all the frequencies of the source. In the second topic, we propose a solution to the classical problem of round-off error accumulation that occurs when computing the a posteriori error bound in the reduced basis method. Furthermore, we propose a non intrusive method for the approximation, in a separated representation form, of linear systems resulting from the finite-dimensional approximation of boundary-value problems depending on one or several parameters
Amdi, Mohammed. „Simulation numérique en interaction fluide structure : application aux problèmes vibroacoustiques“. Thesis, Lille 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LIL10115/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn many cases the noise which we are daily exposed are due to the vibration of a structure (industrial machinery, vehicle, appliance...). Nevertheless, all the sounds we perceive are not necessarily due to the vibration of a structure, for example, wind noise, the sounds of turbine or jet noise...The vibroacoustic research is closely linked with industrial applications because the industry needs new numerical tools, developed in research centers to develop new silent products. Indeed, purely experimental approaches are generally lengthy, complicated and expensive they can be, again, very inefficient. Since the ultimate objective is to design a structure that reduces noise for a good acoustic comfort, numerical simulations can be included in the design optimization techniques to design optimum shape and optimizationmaterials. Once the simulations validated by experimental results, it can be used as a design tool for improving the structure of the affected system. The main aim of my thesis is the development of numerical predictive tools for the noise reduction due to the vibrationof structures. To do this, the original theoretical formulations have been developed and implemented to encourage the design of silent products. In a more specific way, both parties will be addressed : the first part addreeses the familiarproblem of irregular frequencies of the finite element boundary, the BEM for acoustic radiation in an external field. In the second part of this thesis the formulation of the fast multipole method FMM coupled with BEM, as well asits implementation and validation were carried out to push the boundaries of the BEM in terms of computation time and memory
Nachaoui, Abdeljalil. „Contribution à l'analyse et à l'approximation des problèmes d'identification, de reconstruction et des systèmes d'équations elliptiques non linéaires“. Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université de Nantes, 2002. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00002635.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAdde, Geoffray. „Méthodes de Traitement d'Image Appliquées au Problème Inverse en Magnéto-Electro-Encéphalographie“. Phd thesis, Ecole des Ponts ParisTech, 2005. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00001593.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleJanod, François. „Propagation des ondes large bande dans des milieux élastiques 3D : méthodes d'éléments de frontière en temps et couplage avec les différences finies“. Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1999. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00749683.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLaurent, Philippe. „Méthodes d'accéleration pour la résolution numérique en électrolocation et en chimie quantique“. Thesis, Nantes, Ecole des Mines, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015EMNA0122/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis thesis tackle two different topics.We first design and analyze algorithms related to the electrical sense for applications in robotics. We consider in particular the method of reflections, which allows, like the Schwartz method, to solve linear problems using simpler sub-problems. These ones are obtained by decomposing the boundaries of the original problem. We give proofs of convergence and applications. In order to implement an electrolocation simulator of the direct problem in an autonomous robot, we build a reduced basis method devoted to electrolocation problems. In this way, we obtain algorithms which satisfy the constraints of limited memory and time resources. The second topic is an inverse problem in quantum chemistry. Here, we want to determine some features of a quantum system. To this aim, the system is ligthed by a known and fixed Laser field. In this framework, the data of the inverse problem are the states before and after the Laser lighting. A local existence result is given, together with numerical methods for the solving
Bonithon, Gaël. „Méthodes numériques innovantes pour la simulation thermique de composants électroniques“. Phd thesis, Paris, ENSAM, 2010. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00547880.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAyala, Obregón Alan. „Complexity reduction methods applied to the rapid solution to multi-trace boundary integral formulations“. Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUS581.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn this thesis, we provide complexity reduction techniques for the solution of Boundary Integral Equations (BIE). In particular, we focus on BIE arising from the modeling of acoustic and electromagnetic problems via Boundary Element Methods (BEM). We use the local multi-trace formulation which is friendly to operator preconditioning. We find a closed form inverse of the local multi-trace operator for a model problem and then we propose this inverse operator for preconditioning general scattering problems. Moreover, we show that the local multi-trace formulation is stable for Maxwell equations posed on a particular domain configuration. For general problems where BEM are applied, we propose to use the framework of hierarchical matrices, which are constructed using cluster trees and allow to represent the original matrix in such a way that submatrices that admit low-rank approximations (admissible blocks) are well identified. We introduce a technique called geometric sampling which uses cluster trees to create accurate linear-time CUR algorithms for the compression and matrix-vector product acceleration of admissible matrix blocks, and which are oriented to develop parallel communication-avoiding algorithms. We also contribute to the approximation theory of QR and subspace iteration methods; for the former we provide new bounds for the approximation error, and for the later we solve an open question in the literature consisting in proving that the approximation of singular vectors exponentially converges. Finally, we propose a technique called affine low-rank approximation intended to increase the accuracy of classical low-rank approximation methods
Dang, Kai. „Modèles de conduction électrique pour la stimulation de l'implant cochléaire“. Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AZUR4043/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleComputational models have been widely used to improve the knowledge of the current distribution behavior in cochlear implant stimulations, optimizing electrode designs and stimulation strategies. The existing models employed no or simple electrochemical interface models and took current intensity on the electrodes as input. Therefore they have difficulties in making time domain simulations and simulating the stimulation modes that have voltage constraints, such as the Common Ground and the Multi-Mode Grounding modes. In this PhD work, a new parametric surface mesh model of the cochlea has been developed. The shape of the model is controlled by a set of input parameters which can be tuned to fit the cochlear shape acquired from histological images, CT scans or existing cochlear mesh models. The symmetric boundary element method, which was implemented in OpenMEEG, has been applied on the model to simulate the current distribution of the cochlear implant stimulation. Using the parametric model, comparisons on the current field has been made between the existing electrode layouts and a new transmodiolar electrodes. The new model can take either current or voltage as input for each electrode to simulate the common ground and multi-mode grounding modes. By coupling the surface model with lumped capacitor and constant phase element models, time domain simulation of the stimulation waveform has also been achieved. To validate the simulation results and calibrate the parameters of the model, in-situ and in-vitro measurements have been carried out with self-made devices. The recorded data proved the effectiveness of combining lumped components with the surface model
Martins, Douglas Araujo. „Plateforme de conception d'actionneurs : méthodes et outils pour le pré-dimensionnement d'actionneurs“. Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015GREAT039/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleContactors and relays are used in many devices for monitoring and remote controlling. Mostof them are equipped with electromagnetic actuators, which are produced in large quantities. The environmentalrequirements on efficiency and energy consumption have become more and more strict. Thedesign of these actuators is therefore an important issue. This thesis focuses on the development of adesign platform dedicated to the pre-sizing of electromagnetic actuators. This platform is based on theimplementation of very fast and sufficiently accurate modeling methods. The first part is devoted to theresolution of linear and nonlinear magnetostatic equations by the coupling between boundary integralmethod and reluctance network method. The evaluation of global quantities such as the magnetic fluxflowing through a coil and the force is investigated. The results are validated on a rotating bistable relay.The second part concerns the multi-physics simulation of the component in its environment by takinginto account the mechanical and electrical aspects. A feasibility study by optimization is performed bothfor the component alone and for the whole component-system. Finally, a general modeling method isproposed with the presentation of an original and efficient coupling between the finite element methodsand boundary integrals
Mora, Pierric. „Réponse élastodynamique d'une plaque stratifiée anisotrope : approches comparées. : Vers le développement de méthodes hybrides“. Thesis, Bordeaux, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BORD0382/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis work adresses the direct problem of the propagation of an elastodynamic field radiated by a source in an anisotropic layered medium. Applications concern non destructive evaluation of composite plates by ultrasonic guided waves. In the lower frequencies, these materials can be modeled as homogeneous, anisotropic and dissipative media. Two causal approaches are studied and developped to solve the wave equation, and their interest is discussed regarding to the widely used harmonic modal method. One of these methods is modal, and is formulated directly in the time domain. It allows to deal easily with anisotropy, even in 3D ; however it also suffers classical shortcomings such as the high cost of the unestablished regime or the difficulty to deal with open waveguides. The other method is a formulation of the so-called partial-waves method in the Laplace domain. Its attractiveness relies in its versatility and in the fact that computational costs can be very acceptable. In a second time, we consider using both methods to solve problems of diffraction by defects. A boundary element method based on the partial-waves approach is developped and leads to solve very efficiently the case of a planar defect. The possibility of treating more general defects is briefly discussed
Chraïbi, Hamza. „Simulation de l'opto-hydrodynamique des interfaces liquides“. Bordeaux 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007BOR13423.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSchwartz, Martin. „Contribution à la résolution de problèmes tridimensionnels de fissuration fragile. Vers l'utilisation d'un modèle non-local de comportement élastique“. Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LORR0031/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn this thesis, we have developed a numerical tool, based on a classical boundary elements method, which allows a conventional analysis of a stationary crack in a 3D specimen under complex mechanical loading. In order to assess the impact of the microstructure on the brittle fracture, we were interested in non local models of behavior. First, we have adopted the non local elastic model due to Eringen. This refined constitutive equation allows to account for long range interactions in the description of the elastic behavior in the vicinity of the crack front. Unlike the traditional approach, this type of model leads to a finite stress field at the crack front. Moreover, the stress is locally maximal ahead of the front. These interesting results indicate that it is possible to predict the stability and direction of crack propagation in a simple and more naturel way by using stress based criteria. The implemented numerical strategy can handle cases of crack in tension or compression, under shear stress or mixed loadings. Having clearly highlighted the interest of non local models, we have adopted the improved version of Eringen elastic model as proposed by Polizzotto. This elastic model is applicable to finite domains and requires a specific numerical treatment. The basis of such a numerical strategy initiated by R. Kouitat has been established. The method couples the conventional boundary element method with local point interpolation of a strong form differential equation. Promising results are obtained and show that with such modeling of material behavior, it is possible to describe the irreversible process of fracturing in a similar way as plasticity
Grasso, Eva. „Modelling visco-elastic seismic wave propagation : a fast-multipole boundary element method and its coupling with finite elements“. Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00730752.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDelamotte, Kieran. „Une étude du rang du noyau de l'équation de Helmholtz : application des H-matrices à l'EFIE“. Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCD051/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe boundary elements method (BEM) leads to dense linear systemswhose size growsrapidly in pratice ; hence the use of so-called fast methods. The fast multipole method(FMM) accelerates the resolution of BEM systems within an iterative scheme. The H-matrix method speeds up a direct resolution which is needed in massively multiple righthandsides problems. It has been provably introduced in the context of the Laplace equation.However, the use ofH-matrices for relatively high-frequency wave problems leadsto results above expectations. This thesis main goal is to provide an explanation of thesegood results and thus improve the method for higher frequencies.A H-matrix is a compressed tree-based hierarchical representation of the data associated with an admissibility criterion to separate the near (or singular) and far (or compres-sed) fields. An admissible block reads as a UVT rank deficient matrix while the singularblocks are dense with small dimensions. BEM matrices are efficiently represented byH-matrices and this method also allows for a fast Cholesky factorization whose factors arealsoH-matrices.Our work on the admissibility condition emphasizes the necessity of a frequency dependantadmissibility criterion. This new criterion is based on the Fresnel diffraction areathus labelled Fresnel admissibility condition. In that case a precise estimation of the rankof a high-frequency block is proposed thanks to the spheroidal wave functions theory.Consequently, a robust and reliable HCA-II type algorithm has been developed to ensurea compressed precision-controlled assembly. The influence of various parameters on thisnew algorithm behaviour is discussed ; in particular their influence on the control andthe growth of the rank according to the frequency.We define the interaction cross sectionfor two Fresnel-admissible clusters and show in the non-degenerate case that the rankgrowth is linear according to the frequency in the high-frequency regime ; interaction ofcoplanar clusters results in growth like the square root of the frequency. All these resultsare presented on meshes adapted to high-frequency interactions
Thurieau, Nicolas. „Sur la modélisation du tissu cardiaque comme un milieu à microdilatation : une investigation numérique“. Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LORR0018/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBackground: A soft biological tissue is subjected to numerous exchange phenomena and has an extremely complex structural organization. The knowledge of its mechanical behavior is required in many applications ranging from clinical diagnostic to tissue engineering. To achieve this goal, more or less satisfactory approaches are developed. They all seek to take into account in a more or less systematic manner the microstructure of the medium. Assuming that the biological tissue is a particular micromorphic medium (micropolar medium) leads to good results in the case bone tissue. It is therefore likely that the results of this kind will be obtained for other tissues. Our interest is on the heart tissue and the problem of ischemic heart attack. In this context, it seemed that the most appropriate behavior particularization is that of a microdilatation medium. Work done: The work presented in this thesis is essentially numerical. It aims to highlight the features of the response of microdilatation medium to an external mechanical load. This step is essential for the analysis of the experimental results to be conducted in the future. The work also aims to investigate the potentialities of the model with respect to the heart tissue regarding heart attack and the associated loss of the ability to eject sufficient blood volume. The numerical tools for the analysis of such media are in increasing development. We had to develop our own tool based on the LPI-BEM (Local Point Interpolation - Boundary Element Method). Because of the similarity of the associated field equations, the validity of the numerical strategy is assessed in the case of a piezoelectric material. This choice is not innocent because the piezoelectric medium with microdilatation will allow analyzing the case of an electrical solicitation of the tissue. The details of this original numerical approach are given in Chapter 2 of the thesis. Chapter 3 is devoted to the analysis of the robustness of the method and to the peculiarities of the response of a microdilatation medium. The fourth chapter is devoted to the application to the cardiac tissue. By limiting the study to the case of small strains, it is shown that the model is well suited to the representation of the behavior of cardiac tissue. Indeed, considering the left ventricle as a tubular structure, the left ventricle ejection fraction (clinical criterion of the heart failure) is greatly reduced in the presence of an infarcted area. The latter is modeled as a zone with diffuse boundary where the material points have lost their ability to "breath". These results are promising and encourage further investigations in this direction by taking into account the anisotropic nature of the tissue in a geometrically nonlinear context
Chraibi, Hamza. „Simulation de l'opto-hydrodynamique des interfaces liquides“. Phd thesis, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00812478.
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