Dissertationen zum Thema „Méthode d'onde de pression“
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Bihhadi, Abdelkader. „Etude de la propagation acoustique dans les conduits et les silencieux en écoulements non isothermes par une méthode de différences finies et enveloppe d'onde“. Poitiers CEAT, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995POIT2285.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleZheng, Lin. „Étude et caractérisation des interfaces conducteur/isolant par la méthode de l'onde de pression“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024SORUS288.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe interfaces between a conductor and an insulator are generally assumed to be perfect, meaning that the Debye length in the insulator is considered to be much larger than its thickness. However, this work shows that this is not the case and that interface states generate a contact potential that can significantly alter the behavior of the interface when the material is subjected to a strong electric field. Indeed, the interface dipole responsible for the interface voltage modifies the curvature of the energy bands and thus either promotes or hinders charge injection or extraction. A series of experiments was conducted using the pressure wave method, implemented with a high-power acoustic generator on various polyethylene samples, with different electrodes and under various experimental conditions. The interface dipoles observed through measurement do indeed influence charge injection when the material is under high voltage. It is noteworthy that aluminum has a greater influence, particularly when used with silicone oil. When the insulator does not have electrodes, it is preferable to directly couple it with a carbon-filled polymer and silicone oil rather than deposit electrodes on it under vacuum. The interface dipole observed is indeed closer to that seen with carbon-filled polymer electrodes hot-bonded to the material. Upon applying voltage, charges initially penetrate the sample due to the interface dipole. The migration of these charges then leads to secondary injections caused by a field effect. Fluorinating the surface of the samples did not significantly improve the situation and thus does not act as a shield against charges, but rather as a barrier to the diffusion of impurities
Malec, David. „Etude du rôle des charges d'espace dans la rupture diélectrique des isolants solides par la méthode d'onde de pression induite par impact laser : réalisation technologique et étude théorique“. Toulouse 3, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996TOU30181.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMa, Congcong. „The research of acoustic resonance in the waveguide associated with Galbrun equation“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Compiègne, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020COMP2560.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn a two-dimensional open system, when the acoustic wave spreads in the tube with the presence of an obstacle, there will be the amplification of sound pressure around the obstacle. Trapped mode exists surrounding the obstacle below and above the cut-off frequency, and they bring considerable damage to the system in the form of such as noise, stability and security issues. In the previous research, they mainly concentrated on the solving of Helmholtz equation, which means that the variation of non-potential flow was not taken into consideration. The objective of this paper is to numerically compute the trapped mode with the presence of non-potential flow. Firstly, the theoretical framework of this thesis is stated. The mixed Galbrun equation, as well as boundary conditions and the associated energy properties, is represented. And then the perfectly matched layer associated with Galbrun equation is introduced. Secondly, for the analysis of trapped mode, there are already a lot of literature on numerical and physical aspects, but they have studied the trapped mode all associated with Helmholtz equation, which is primarily suitable for the case of without flow or uniform mean flow. Hence, a numerical calculation model involved with Galbrun equationwith the uniform mean flow is proposed and the obtained results are compared with those given in references. Finally, in order to consider the effects of non-potential flow. A coupling method of sound field and flow field associated with Galbrun equation is developed, and the trapped mode is captured through scanning the frequency. At the same time, the effects of various parameters of obstacles on the trapped mode are also studied
Thivant, Michaël. „Modélisation de la propagation acoustique par la méthode du potentiel d'intensité“. Lyon, INSA, 2003. http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/2003ISAL0042/these.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleA new prediction method for acoustics is proposed for the mid and high frequency range: the intensity potential approach (IPA) is based on the local power balance. The use of a finite element model respects the geometry with accuracy. A thermal conductivity analogy permits the use of existing solvers, with graphical pre-processing and post-processing tools. The use of the intensity potential avoids the "Fourier's Law" assumption relating energy and intensity, for which no evidence has been found yet in the general case. The irrotationnal intensity is computed, giving local information on acoustic energy paths, during the conception stage of industrial products. Free field pressure computation is also provided. The intensity potential approach has been validated on the full-scale mock-up of the engine compartment of a truck, by comparison with measured transfer functions and with a boundary element model. The source power in its environment is measured
Tordjman, Nathalie. „Éléments finis d'ordre élevé avec condensation de masse pour l'équation des ondes“. Paris 9, 1995. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1995PA090002.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleGosset, Marielle. „Une méthode radar bi-longueur d'onde pour la discrimination eau-glace dans les nuages mixtes“. Toulouse 3, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992TOU30140.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBally, Pascale. „Etude expérimentale des parties convective et à petits nombres d'onde des fluctuations de pression pariétale sous une couche limite turbulente en gradient de pression nul et positif“. Aix-Marseille 2, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989AIX22073.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleFiala, Ales. „Modélisation numérique bidimensionnelle d'une décharge luminescente à basse pression“. Toulouse 3, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995TOU30136.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSarthou, Arthur. „Méthodes de domaines fictifs d'ordre élevé pour les équations elliptiques et de Navier-Stokes. Application au couplage fluide-structure“. Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00460206.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMargnat, Florent. „Méthode numérique hybride pour l'étude du rayonnement acoustique d'écoulements turbulents pariétaux“. Poitiers, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005POIT2316.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleA hybrid approach is proposed for the prediction of wall-bounded flow noise. Aerodynamic data are computed through an incompressible direct numerical simulation. The no-slip condition is modelled by the virtual boudary method, especially tailored for complex geometries, and original in the field of aeroacoustics. 3D turbulent plane channel flow was simulated for validation, in particular for the pressure fluctuations. The process of vortex shedding by the shear layer generated at the leading edge of a blunt flat plate is analysed. For this configuration, the acoustic radiation is computed through the Curle's analogy, implemented via an advanced time algorithm. For a compact source, maximum emission is observed near 60° downstream, due to the volumic source terms, that are stronger than surfacic terms. This is also the case for a non-compact source, but the influence of retarded times enhances the longitudinal term
Cupillard, Paul. „Simulation par la méthode des éléments spectraux des formes d'onde obtenues par corrélation de bruit sismique“. Paris, Institut de physique du globe, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008GLOB0003.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe waveform we can obtain by correlating ambient seismic noise recorded at two different stations gives an interesting signature of the media between these stations. This provides a new type of data that can be used to investigate the Earth's structure, as the earthquakes records do. Only the phase information has been considered from noise correlations for now and we would like to know in this work whether the amplitude can also be used or not. Ultimately, our aim is to process a spectral element simulation of the entire waveforms. In a first time, we study the features of correlations generated with synthetic seismic noise. Both uniform and non-uniform sources distributions are investigated and the effect of attenuation is carefully detailed for raw, 1-bit and whitened noise. In a second time, we compute a spectral element simulation of these synthetic correlations. The main difficulty is to take into account the amplitudes of the anisotropic noise flux that goes across the stations network. To do so, we use the time-reversal technique and we create a extended source that is positioned at a station and then propagated with the SEM ina certain Earth's model to retrieve waveforms corresponding to correlations between this station and the other receivers of the network. The result is demonstrated numerically as well as theoretically using the representation theorem. Moreover, the spectral element code we use is presented, with an accurated validation and two examples of wavefields generated by earthquakes in a 3D model of Europe. To end up, we apply our time-reversal process to correlations from real seismic noise. We discuss problems due to space-time variations of the noise sources and we show very encouraging results
Soujaeff, Alexandre. „Cryptage quantique à bande latérale unique et méthode d'autocompensation longue distance par multiplexage en longueur d'onde“. Besançon, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003BESA2042.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleWe have developed a cryptographic key transmission system involving phase modulation in single sideband of modulated light operational on optical fiber at 1550nm. The security of a quantum cryptographic system depends of the protocol and of the experimental parameters. For a given set of these parameters, we have calculated the limit for transmission distance. We have conceived a photon detection system using a cooled avalanche photodiode operated in Geiger mode. The key transmission system has been studied both in theory and experimentally. Fluctuation of fiber index causes variation of the system visibility. We conceived a synchronization system to overcome these fluctuations and also allowing full temporal synchronization between emitter and receiver. A key transmission over 40 km of fiber was realized in the laboratory
Rioublanc, Jérôme. „Etude d'un système de stabilisation passive de la dérive en température de la longueur d'onde d'accord des réseaux de Bragg“. Limoges, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997LIMO0004.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleShamsborhan, Hiva. „Développement d’une méthode de mesure de la célérité du son en écoulement diphasique application aux écoulements cavitants“. Paris, ENSAM, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009ENAM0005.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe speed of sound in cavitating flows varies signifi cantly according to the local void fraction. Actually, it is close to 1500 mis in pure water, 400 m/s in the vapor, and it may decrease drastically in the liquid-vapour mixture. This implies that cavitating flows are nearly incompressible in areas of pure liquid, and highly compressible in two-phase flow regions. Taking into account the compressibility of the flow in numerical simulations is necessary to reproduce some campIex mechanisms associated with cavitation instabilities. This requires a correct estimation of the local speed of sound in a cavitating medium. The principal objective of this thesis was the creation of a homogeneous cavitating area in order to measure the speed of sound inside. So an experimental device was developed to create such an area. Two methods are investi gated for measurement of the speed of sound : I - with 3 equidi stant pressure transducers along the test section II- with 2 hydrophones located face to face in a cross test section. The void fraction is measured with an optical probe. The calibration of the optical probe and the validation of transducers and hydrophones measu rements, are performed in air-water flow. The method I, which is found to be more appropriate for the measurement of the speed of sound, is applied for a cavitating flow. For both flow configurations (air-water and cavitation), the results are compared with existing theoretical models and discussed. A nice agreement is obtained between the experiments and the theory
Larrey, Eric Georges. „Résolution de l'équation de pression par la méthode des éléments frontières : application aux turbomachines“. Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 1991. http://bibli.ec-lyon.fr/exl-doc/TH_T1432_elarrey.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMartin, Justin. „Etude et caractérisation d'onde de pression générée par une décharge électrique dans l'eau. Application à la fracturation électrique de roches“. Thesis, Pau, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PAUU3024/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleNumerous parts of the world contain huge unconventional gas reserves which are located in low permeability rocks, and consequently, cannot be produced by classical drilling techniques. Besides its numerous detractors, the only currently available method to exploit these reservoirs relies on hydraulic fracturing. For these reasons, a research collaboration was started in 2007 between the Total Company and the Electrical Engineering Laboratory of Pau university (recently renamed SIAME Laboratory). The main goal was to study the potential concerning the use of the electrical fracturing technique as an alternative to hydraulic fracturing. This method is based on a dynamic rock fracturing process through the applying of a pressure wave enhanced by the generation of an electrical arc into a liquid. This work, which is financed by TOTAL through a CIFRE funding, follows the track initiated on this topic and mainly intends to improve the knowledge concerning the critical part of the fracturing process: the electrical discharge in water and the resulting pressure wave characterization. In this purpose, the importance of the circuit and of the arc electrical parameters was demonstrated in terms of current injection and power transfer. An empirical formula used to predict the dynamic pressure value has consequently been established. In order to optimize the electro acoustic efficiency, a specific study was performed on the liquid dielectric breakdown modus. This work allowed us to suggest new solutions concerning the dynamic pressure wave control. Finally, the fluid thermodynamic properties effects on its dielectric strength, on the energy consumption, and on the pressure wave propagation were analyzed in order to draw conclusions for the process optimization
Coxam, Jean-Yves. „Mise au point d'une méthode de mesure des capacités calorifiques à pression constante de solutions aqueuses salines à haute température et haute pression“. Clermont-Ferrand 2, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988CLF21140.
Der volle Inhalt der QuellePradeilles, Frédéric. „Une méthode probabiliste pour l'étude des fronts d'onde dans les équations et systèmes d'équations de réaction-diffusion“. Aix-Marseille 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995AIX11058.
Der volle Inhalt der QuellePérié, Jeanne. „Association radiative de complexes de Van der Waals : Une formulation stationnaire par la méthode des opérateurs d'onde“. Besançon, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996BESA2012.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBouslimani, Yassine. „Filtrage en longueur d'onde par fibre optique monomode“. Rouen, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999ROUES024.
Der volle Inhalt der QuellePriou, Jean-Pascal. „Contribution à l'étude de la propagation acoustique en milieu non homogène dans les cavités et résonateurs de Helmholtz par la méthode des éléments finis“. Poitiers CEAT, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994POIT2350.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAccadia, Timothee. „Vérification de la reconstruction du signal d'onde gravitationnelle de Virgo à l'aide d'un dispositif d'étalonnage utilisant la pression de radiation laser“. Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00788599.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAccadia, Timothée. „Vérification de la reconstruction du signal d'onde gravitationnelle de Virgo à l'aide d'un dispositif d'étalonnage utilisant la pression de radiation laser“. Thesis, Grenoble, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012GRENY060/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleGravitational waves are solutions to equations governing the dynamics of gravitation predicted from Einstein's theory of General Relativity in 1918. Gravitational waves describe ripples of space-time producing weak variations of distance between free masses along their propagation. Over the past two decades, an international array of ground-based, kilometer-scale Michelson interferometers has been developed to detect gravitational waves going through Earth and is now in operation. The gravitational wave signature is sought in a calibrated stream obtained from detector output measurements and giving the absolute signal of a gravitational waves going through it. A check of the procedure is required to avoid potential systematic calibration errors leading to an incorrect data stream and bias in its use by data analysis. Since severals years, a new calibration technique is developed for that purpose for each network's interferometer and uses the radiation pressure of a power-modulated laser to induce calibrated displacements of their mirrors. The associated setup, called Photon Calibrator, allows to mimic a gravitational waves passing the detector in order to verify its reconstruction in the detection channel. The scope of this thesis is the implementation of this technique for the French-Italian interferometer Virgo to check its gravitational wave signal reconstruction procedure. The operating principle of the setup installed is first described and its calibration is then detailed with measurement campaigns performed. Finally verifications performed for the two Virgo Science runs performed between 2010 and 2011 are presented. The conclusion of this study allowed to the validate the Virgo gravitational wave signal reconstruction with its uncertainties and has confirmed their negligeable impact on data analysis
Miljkovic, Darko. „Corrélation entre la pression artérielle périphérique et la vitesse d'onde de pouls chez des sujets de plus de 80 ans institutionnalisés“. Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LORR0113/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBackground: Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV) provides a comprehensive non-invasive assessment of arterial stiffness. PWV is now established as a strong marker of cardiovascular disease. The correlation between peripheral blood pressure and PWV and their respective influences on mortality have been poorly studied in the elderly. Our objective was to analyze this correlation in nursing home residents over 80 years of age. Results could ultimately be helpful in implementing strategies for diagnosis and long-term follow-up of the very elderly population. Methods: The PARTAGE (Predictive value of blood pressure and ARTerial stiffness in institutionalized very AGEd population) study is a 2-year cohort study of 1130 subjects living in 72 nursing homes in France and Italy. The correlation between baseline systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP) and baseline PWV (measured with a PulsePen® tonometer) was studied in 1071 subjects with available PWV measurements. Results: Correlations between peripheral blood pressure and PWV were significant but weak: r=0.24 for self-measured SBP, r=0.30 for casual SBP, r=0.11 for self measured DBP, r=0.14 for casual DBP and r=0.26 for casual pulse pressure (PP). A trend for a weaker correlation was observed in the higher age group for self measured SBP and in the lower ADL group for self measured SBP and DBP. The correlations were systematically higher in women compared to men (but did not reach statistical significance) and lower with advanced age group. The correlation was not impacted by antihypertensive. Conclusion: These findings suggest that SBP, DBP and PWV provide different information in the very elderly. The prospective, longitudinal, long term PARTAGE study results will allow further insight; provide additional in-depth information regarding the respective prognostic value of these two measurement methods. NCT00901355
Benedikt, Schauder. „Coque cylindrique isotrope sous flexion et pression interne : Instabilité et comportement post-critique“. Lyon, INSA, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997ISAL0021.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleCircular cylindrical shells are often subjected to a combined loading of internal pressure and flexion. This is especially true for tank structures. The present work wants to contribute to the design of such shells. An experimental approach is used, supported by a numerical analysis. Some developments in the experimental and the numerical domain are presented. The first chapter gives a literature review about the buckling of circular cylindrical shells under axial compression, flexion and internal pressure. The numerical methods as well as the formulation of a new finite element are presented in the second chapter. The new element permits to take into account any geometrical imperfection as well as variable wall thickness around the circumference in a two dimensional formulation. The employed test methods are explained in the third chapter and a new method for characterising measured imperfections is given. The fourth chapter is reserved to the results and their analysis. A correlation between buckling loads and the measured geometrical imperfections is established and statistical analysis of the test data is presented. The influence of local imperfections onto the critical loads is studied by means of numerical calculations. The threshold pressure from which the post buckling behaviour is stable is determined by analysing the test data. The design recommendations ECCS and DASt, in which the combined loading of flexion and internal pressure is not defined explicitly, are verified by the test data
Pellé, Laure. „Inversion linéarisée simultanée des réflexions primaires et des réflexions multiples“. Montpellier 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003MON20202.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleTruchi, Christine. „Stabilisation par variation du domaine“. Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37610417d.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleHnikich, Driss. „Contribution au calcul des fonctions de base symétrisées et des fonctions d'onde du graphite type hexagonal : application au calcul des coefficients de structure dans la méthode K.K.R“. Metz, 1987. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/UPV-M/Theses/1987/Hnikich.Driss.SMZ8702.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleWe choose the K. K. R. Method to perform a formalism of band structure calculations. We then use the muffin-tin approximation to evaluate the KOHN and ROSTOKER'S fonctionnal of complex cristals (more than one atom per unit cell). We use the hexagonal structure of graphite and perform all calculations about the symetry of this structure and, use the criteriums of symmetry theory to calculate all the symmetried basis functions along the BRILLOUIN zone. We give an analytical and numerical method for the calculation of the structure coefficients of HAM and SEGALL. We use too the basis functions to developp a reduction of the numerical analysis and time calculation. We finally give the expressions of wave functions of graphite in term if linear combinations of spherical harmonics with the same quantum number 1, this is done for all irreductible representations of all the symmetry groups of wave vector
Kasehgari, Hossein. „Mesure des faibles tensions de vapeur par la méthode statique : application à l'étude d'hydrocarbures peu volatils“. Lyon 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992LYO10153.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIbars, Philippe. „Contribution des petits nombres d'onde au champ pariétal de pression induit par une couche limite turbulente bidimensionnelle : comparaison de différentes techniques expérimentales“. Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990ECDL0012.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleGagnon, Ludovick. „Méthode de Legendre-Galerkin appliquée au contrôle de l'équation des ondes. Filtrage des hautes fréquences“. Thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2012/29513/29513.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMoreau, Jean-Christophe. „Application d'une méthode de chromatographie liquide haute pression à l'étude de nouveaux dérivés de l'acide clofibrique“. Paris 5, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA05P164.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLe, Garrec Thomas. „Simulation directe du bruit de bord de fuite d’un profil par une méthode multi domaines“. Paris, ENSAM, 2008. https://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00004430.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAbstract : The study of the mechanisms of noise generation by the flow over an airfoil is essential to reduce the airframe noise. A direct aeroacoustic solver has been developed to shed some light on these mechanisms. Low dissipation and low dispersion numerical schemes are designed to preserve the weak acoustic waves. A multi-size mesh multi-time step algorithm has been developed to realize local grid refinements on a structured mesh and to reduce the calculation cost of the direct noise computation. The present solver is used to compute the noise generated by a 2-D NACA0012 airfoil at a low Reynolds number and to study the effect of the angle of attack on both flow and acoustic fields. Furthermore, the presence of the tonal noise from a NACA0012 airfoil at a moderate Reynolds number of 2×105 is investigated. A numerical insight into the effect of the experimental confinement due to the wind tunnel walls is then given for a 3-D NACA0018 airfoil at Reynolds 1. 6×105. Finally,a direct computation of the flow over a 3-D truncated NACA0012 airfoil at a high Reynolds number (2. 32 × 106) is performed by large eddy simulation. The solution is compared with an experimental database named EXAVAC. The main noise generation mechanisms are well reproduced with the multi-domain approach
Ridaoui, Khalid. „Contribution à l'étude du couplage électromagnétique guide d'onde - milieu dissipatif : extension aux milieux hétérogènes (application à l'imagerie radiométrique microonde)“. Lille 1, 1998. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/1998/50376-1998-389.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleErvedoza, Sylvain. „Problèmes de contrôle et de stabilisation“. Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008VERS0039.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn this thesis, we propose a study of several problems of control and stabilization depending on a parameter. Our study applies in particular to discrete conservative systems, where the parameter coincides with the mesh size. In this case, a singular behavior of the controllability issues has been observed, even in the very simple case of the 1d wave equation. Thus, we propose to present precisely these singular phenomena, which allows us to design remedies to avoid these singular behaviors. In particular, we design efficient numerical methods to compute good approximations of the exact controls of the continuous equations. Moreover, similar problems appear when discretizing exponentially stable damped systems. Indeed, in this case, it may happen that the solutions of the discrete equations do not decay exponentially uniformly with respect to the discretization parameters. We thus propose numerical methods in which a numerical viscosity term has been added in the system, for which we can prove uniform stabilization properties. Our approach is mainly based on spectral techniques. We use in a crucial way spectral criteria for admissibility and observability for conservative systems, which allows in particular to decouple the problems related to the discretization in space and in time, and to obtain very general results
Salomez, Pierre-Marie. „Caractérisation des fluctuations de pression dans un lit fluidisé en vue d'une méthode de détection précoce des dysfonctionnements“. Compiègne, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996COMPD905.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleGoncalves, Ilidio. „Contrôle de l'atmosphère des lampes à incandescence par une méthode non destructive“. Toulouse 3, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991TOU30176.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleRodrigues, Dominique. „Méthode de réciprocité : caractérisation de petits composants acoustiques, étalonnage des microphones en pression et en champ libre“. Phd thesis, Université du Maine, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00349206.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleCe propos met en cause la précision de l'étalonnage des étalons de mesure de pressions acoustiques et l'insuffisance des réglages d'appareils médicaux largement utilisés. Les enjeux pratiques, techniques et scientifiques ont donc leur importance et les études à mener comportent des exigences qui nécessitent des recherches approfondies. C'est ainsi que les thèmes abordés font appel ici à la méthode de la réciprocité en cavité et en champ libre.
Dans la première partie du travail, l'objectif recherché est d'adapter et d'améliorer la méthode de réciprocité en cavité. L'adaptation de cette méthode conduit à une technique de mesure d'impédances d'entrée de petits éléments acoustiques, tels que des tubes, fentes, cavités (utilisés dans l'oreille artificielle). L'amélioration des incertitudes de mesure des efficacités recherchée pour les hautes fréquences a conduit à proposer une modélisation améliorée d'un microphone ainsi que du dispositif d'étalonnage dans sa globalité de manière à étudier l'influence des modes radiaux dans la cavité sur les résultats de l'étalonnage.
La deuxième partie de ce travail trouve son origine dans une comparaison clé à l'échelle internationale portant sur les techniques d'étalonnage des microphones en champ libre. Cette comparaison clé a nécessité une refonte complète du dispositif expérimental du LNE, des techniques d'acquisitions et des méthodes de filtrage des perturbations liées aux faibles niveaux acoustiques mis en jeu. Ce travail a conduit à entreprendre des études plus approfondies sur les plans analytique et expérimental du concept de centre acoustique d'un microphone.
Certains résultats obtenus posent les bases des travaux futurs qui devraient permettre de poursuivre la modélisation pour réduire les incertitudes mais également pour prévoir la mise en oeuvre des méthodes adaptées à la métrologie des capteurs du futur qui seront fabriqués par des procédés relevant des microtechnologies.
Pereira, de Souza Neto Edmundo. „Variabilité de la pression artérielle et de l'intervalle R-R : validation et analyse par méthode temps-fréquence“. Lyon 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000LYO1T196.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMassé, Nadia. „Méthode mixte éléments/volumes finis pour la modélisation numérique de la propagation acoustique par couplage aux éléments de frontière ou aux éléments infinis“. Poitiers, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002POIT2330.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe object of this work is the presentation of an original numerical method for the resolution of acoustic propagation problems in infinite domain. The infinite field of study is truncated by a fictitious boundary which thus defines two fields. In the interior field, a mixed Control Volume Finite Element Method (CVFEM) is used in order to solve Helmholtz's equation. The external field is described by a Boundary Element Method or an Infinite Element Method which impose the Sommerfeld's condition. The association of the CVFEM with the Boundary Elements or the Infinite Elements on two-dimensional examples leads to solutions which agree with the analytical and numerical results. The sound refraction into the far-field through a thermal jet in an axisymmetric configuration is then analyzed and its effect on the localization of a fictitious source placed at the conduit exit and on the jet axis is studied by using measurements of acoustic intensity
Dubois, Tristan. „Etude de l'effet d'onde électromagnétiques sur le fonctionnement de circuits électroniques - Mise en place d'une méthode de test des systèmes“. Phd thesis, Université Montpellier II - Sciences et Techniques du Languedoc, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00931378.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleGarcia, Rosmond. „Contribution à l'étude de circuits planaires par une méthode itérative basée sur le concept d'onde (F. W. C. I. P)“. Toulouse, INPT, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001INPT046H.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAndres, Nicolas. „Optimisation de la chaîne d'analyse MBTA et développement d'une méthode d'étalonnage de la réponse fréquentielle du détecteur d'onde gravitationnelle Virgo“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Chambéry, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023CHAMA029.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe LIGO Virgo collaboration marked the beginnings of gravitational astronomy by providing direct evidence of their existence in September 2015. The detection of gravitationnal wave coming from a binary black holes merger led to the physic's Nobel price. This field has since experienced a great growth, each discovery of which allows an advance in disciplines such as astrophysics, cosmology and fundamental physics. At the end of each observation period, the detectors are stopped and many aspects are improved. This work is part of the preparation phase between period O3 and O4 beginning in May 2024 to configure interferometers in their advanced states in order to optimize their sensitivities. Calibration then becomes crucial in order to accurately reconstruct the signal containing gravitational wave information, allowing detection and the production of scientific results such as the measurement of the Hubble constant, etc. An instrumentation work has been carried out, allowing an accurate and regular measurement of the time stamp (timing) of the readout sensing chain of the interferometer signal, which must be mastered better than 0.01 ms for the purpose of a joint analysis of the detectors network data.Many devices for the calibration of the interferometer rely on the reading of control signals by photodetectors whose frequency response has been assumed to be flat. In order to avoid any bias introduced in the reconstruction of the signal, a measurement method must be developed for a frequency calibration of each photo detector involved. Two methods are compared for use in the O5 period.In addition, the increasing sensitivity of the detectors means more detections. Collaboration analysis chains need to follow instrumental improvements by developing new tools to optimize real-time and off-ligne signal search. The MBTA Low Latency Analysis Chain is one of 4 collaboration analysis pipelines focusing on the search for compact binary coalescences by combining independent data analysis from all 3 detectors. It has many powerful noise rejection tools, but does not take into account any astrophysical information a priori. Through the accumulation of data in previous observation periods, the collaboration was able to establish more accurate mass distribution models for compact binary coalescence populations. During my thesis, a new tool was developed by the MBTA team using this new information, aimed at estimating the probability of origin of events (astrophysics or not) and at classifying the nature of the astrophysical source. This tool finally made it possible to restructure the global analysis chain by using it as the main parameter for classifying events according to their level of significance. The collaboration produces low-latency public alerts for multi-messenger astronomy, providing information related to detected signals common to the different analytical pipelines. Not knowing in advance the preferences of the different experiences partners of the LIGO Virgo collaboration to define the optimal parameters allowing multi-messenger detections, it was decided to test another method to implement similar astrophysical information in the MBTA analysis chain. A technique for including astrophysical information directly in the parameter defining the ranking by significance level of candidate events is presented. This method makes it possible to improve research by providing better discrimination between astrophysical and background noise events. By considering the observation period O3 this method makes it possible to increase the number of detection by 10% with MBTA , detections that have been confirmed by the other chains of analysis
Xing, Feng. „Méthode de décomposition de domaines pour l’équation de Schrödinger“. Thesis, Lille 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LIL10127/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis thesis focuses on the development and implementation of domain decomposition methods (DD) for the linear or non-linear Schrödinger equations in one or two dimensions. In the first part, we focus on the Schwarz waveform relaxation method (SWR) for the one dimensional Schrödinger equation. In the case the potential is linear and time-independent, we propose a new algorithm that is scalable and allows a significant reduction of computation time compared with the classical algorithm. For a general potential, we use a linear operator previously defined as a preconditioner. This ensures high scalability. We also generalize the work of Halpern and Szeftel on transmission condition. We use the absorbing boundary conditions recently constructed by Antoine, Besse and Klein as the transmission condition. We also adapt the codes developed originally on Cpus to the Gpu. The second part concerns with the methods DD for the Schrödinger equation in two dimensions. We generalize the new algorithm and the preconditioned algorithm proposed in the first part to the case of two dimensions. Furthermore, in Chapter 6, we generalize the work of Loisel on the optimized Schwarz method with cross points for the Laplace equation, which leads to the SWR method with cross points. In the last part, we apply the domain decomposition methods we studied to the simulation of Bose-Einstein condensate that could not only reduce the total computation time, but also realise the larger simulations
Naddaf, Oskouei Ali Reza. „Modélisation par éléments finis des actions des matériaux granulaires sur les parois de silos“. Metz, 1995. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/UPV-M/Theses/1995/Naddaf_Oskouei.Ali_Reza.SMZ9515.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe design of storage structures requires, above all, the calculation of the normal pressures on silo walls. Two methods of calculation are generally used, the analytical and the numerical method. The analytical methods are generally used for practical and rapid calcultations in slender silos. However, if we consider the complex behavior of the ensiled material, the effect of wall flexibility, and the behavior of the material-wall interface, only a numerical finite element technique can be used. Earlier studies, using this method, often consider a complex behavior of the ensiled material, however, show a simple behavior in the material-wall interface, and the effect of wall flexibility is usually neglected. Our aim is to study the pressure distributions in circular silos with flexible walls, and to show that comparatively simple finite element techniques, which include appropriate wall friction characteristics, can accurately model the pressures exerted by stored solids on silo walls in filling conditions. Four different contact elements are apllied to the interface, two for the cylindrical section and two for the conical section. The performance of this method is very satisfactory compared to the experimental, theoretical and numerical results, for the squat and slender silos. It can be noted that the use of a very sophisticated behavior law for ensiled material is not necessary, whereas an exact modeling of the wall friction is vital. However, if necessary, a more complex behavior of ensiled material can be incorporated into this study
Narbey, Marie-France. „Mesure de pression et de composition des gaz de fission dans les crayons combustibles des centrales à réacteurs à eau pressurisée par méthode acoustique“. Montpellier 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000MON20011.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBurel, Aliénor. „Contributions à la simulation numérique en élastodynamique : découplage des ondes P et S, modèles asymptotiques pour la traversée de couches minces“. Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01060178.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleGaou, Isabelle. „Etude des effets hémodynamiques d'un inhibiteur de la NO synthase et de la cyclo-oxygénase : mesures effectuées sur des rats vigiles par la méthode de télémétrie“. Paris 5, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA05P172.
Der volle Inhalt der QuellePerrey-Debain, Emmanuel. „Développement et applications d'une méthode d'intégrales de frontière (dual reciprocity boundary element method) à l'étude de la propagation acoustique en écoulements anisothermes externes“. Poitiers, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998POIT2331.
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