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Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Méthanol – Synthèse (chimie)“
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Dissertationen zum Thema "Méthanol – Synthèse (chimie)"
Péruch, Olivier. „Nouveaux catalyseurs pour la synthèse du méthanethiol par hydrosulfuration du méthanol“. Thesis, Poitiers, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017POIT2282.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMethanethiol is a key intermediate in methionine synthesis, an amino-acid which is widely used in food-processing industry
Aloisi, Alicia. „Synthèse de nouveaux ligands tripodes et de leurs complexes de coordination pour l’activation de petites molécules“. Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLS360/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe extensive use of fossile fuel is currently causing climate change. Anthropogenic emissions of CO₂ enhance the greenhouse effect, resulting in global warming. In order to mitigate this climate change, the share of renewable energy is increasing and hydrogen seems to be a good candidate to stock energy to compensate the seasonal variations of those energies. One way to store H₂ is the hydrogenation of CO₂ to synthesise liquid molecules as formic acid and methanol. Those liquids can be conveyed in an easier way. In case of a lack of energy, H₂ can be recovered through dehydrogenation of those molecules thinks to catalysts. In this thesis, we studied the synthesis of organometallic complexes able to activate those small molecules, thus, growing a fundamental knowledge. As a number of triphos-metal complexes are known to catalyse hydrogenation and dehydrogenation reactions, we focused on the elaboration of ligands alike. With those ligands in hand, several non-noble metal based complexes (Fe (II), Co (II) and Cu (I)) were synthesized, which are active in CO₂ hydroboration catalysis. A complex of ruthenium(II)was grafted on silica through one of this ligand, in order to recycle it when it used as a catalyst. On the second hand, we designed a new ligand which could favor metal-ligand cooperativity. H₂ was succesfully activated with a copper(I) complex coordinated by this ligand, demonstrating that cooperation of the ligand. Finally, the first known cobalt complex active in dehydrogenation of formic acid was synthesised
Thavornprasert, Kaew-arpha. „Production of acetals from bio-resourced alcohols over bifunctional catalysts“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Lille 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LIL10016.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe severe environmental issues caused by the fossil-based sources consumption have driven numerous studies to find alternative sustainable resources. Biomass is a renewable feedstock for a large spectrum of valuable chemicals especially for fuels applications. Acetals, dimethoxymethane (DMM) and diethoxythane (DEE), can be produced from biomass-derived methanol and ethanol, respectively. Herein, a concept of synthesizing acetals via a one-step alcohol conversion is applied instead of the currently used two-steps reactions of alcohol partial oxidation/acetalization. The DMM synthesis is studied on FeMo mixed oxide having needed redox/acidic functions. 50 % of DMM yield is achieved at 255 °C on the catalyst with a Mo/Fe ratio of 3.2. DMM selectivity is boosted when using a methanol-rich (40 mol.%) feed and a high selectivity is kept up to 60 % of methanol conversion. A synergistic effect between Mo and Fe species on the conversion is evident. The active sites incorporating Mo and Fe cations is suggested, involving lattice O2- and anionic vacancies generated by surface dehydroxylation. LEIS analysis confirms the presence of Mo and Fe species in the outermost atomic layer. XPS and in situ EPR studies show that Fe centers provide the redox property. The acidity is brought by anionic vacancies acting as Lewis acid. XPS results confirm the role of gas-phase O2 to reoxidize the surface and regenerate the active sites. FeMo-based catalysts were applied in the DEE synthesis due to analogous pathways of methanol/ethanol reactions. The catalyst is not selectively to acetal DEE as expected, probably due to the steric hindrance or to the inadequate acidic strength of the FeMo system
Bruniaux, Sophie. „Nouveaux hydrotropes biosourcés : conception, synthèse et propriétés physico-chimiques en milieu hautement salin“. Thesis, Compiègne, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017COMP2378.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleHistorically, chemical industry was based on fossil ressources, but alternative processes have been developed since the nineteens to be green and to answer to the environmental eco-responsibility questions. In this context, a collaboration work between three public laboratories and the SAS PIVERT emerged to find new biosourced hydrotropes starting from various polyols – such as glycerol, main byproduct of the fuel production – and resistant to high saline conditions. A specific design was defined by our physico-chemical partner for the synthesis of hydrotropes. Differents approaches were used to obtain these compounds, such as a new method of methylation using sub/supercritical methanol with a phase of optimization, and another about the scope of the reaction that reduced the reaction steps. The transposition of the reductive alkylation of various alcohols was also realized – using a heterogeneous catalysis – with the obtention of various ethers, in continuous flow conditions, by the intermediate of the use of the HCube Pro from ThalesNano
Herbin, Morgane. „Etude de l’influence de différents modes de synthèse sur la nature de la phase active de catalyseurs à base de molybdène : Caractérisation par couplage de spectroscopies XPS/LEIS/ToF-SIMS“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Lille 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LIL10069.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe coupling of surface analysis techniques (XPS, LEIS et ToF-SIMS) allowed to characterize the nature of the active phase on Mo-based catalysts according to different modes of synthesis. To imitate chemical means by impregnation mode, model catalysts we prepared by spin-coating. In addition, a new physical path, by magnetron sputtering, has been explored for the synthesis of catalysts. Correlations between spectroscopic data XPS and LEIS on model systems determine the recovery rate and the structure of the active phase : Mo low content monomeric and high content polymeric entities. Finally, the catalytic performances of the different catalytic systems for the controlled oxidation of methanol are discussed under spectroscopic characterizations. This work has been performed within INTERREG IV CATARR network (Materia Nova, Mons University and Lille1 University)
Corda, Massimo. „Catalyst Design and Mechanistic Insights into COx Hydrogenation to Methanol and Light Olefins“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lille (2022-....), 2024. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/ToutIDP/EDSMRE/2024/2024ULILR037.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe increasing concentration of atmospheric CO2 presents significant environmental challenges and emphasizes the urgency for sustainable chemical processes. One promising approach to address this issues is the catalytic conversion of CO2 into value-added chemicals, such as methanol and light olefins. This thesis focuses on the catalyst development for the methanol synthesis and the methanol-mediated light olefins synthesis from CO2. Moreover, the methanol-mediated CO hydrogenation to light olefins is also studied: CO can be considered as an alternative to CO2, as it can be produced by the Reverse Water Gas Shift reaction. The work reported in this thesis provides new insights into catalyst design for the COx hydrogenation to methanol or light olefins, suggesting new strategies to improve product selectivity. Additionally, the thesis advances the understanding of mechanistic aspects of these reactions. For the CO2 hydrogenation to methanol, the commercial CuO-ZnO-Al2O3 catalyst was promoted with halogens (Br, Cl, I), to improve selectivity to methanol. It was observed that Br allowed to improve the selectivity of 10 % compared to the pristine catalyst. A kinetic analysis showed that Br caused the suppression of the Reverse Water Gas Shift reaction and of the methanol decomposition reaction, both responsible of the parallel production of CO. For the methanol-mediated CO2 hydrogenation to light olefins, a series of bifunctional catalysts based on oxides of Zn, In, Mn, Cr, or Ga and different SAPO-34 zeolites were studied. The analysis of the selectivity-conversion correlations allowed to elucidate the functions of each catalyst component. It was uncovered that the selectivity to LO within hydrocarbon fractions depended ultimately on the zeolite component and decreased as a function of hydrocarbon yield. The metal-oxide catalyst component was responsible for the CO2 conversion, overall hydrocarbon and CO selectivity. The SAPO-34 morphology and acidity were identified as major descriptors of the CO-free LO selectivity in the CO2 hydrogenation over bifunctional catalysts. Finally, for the methanol-mediated synthesis of light olefins from syngas, this work studied the activity of a bifunctional catalyst composed by supported silver nanoparticles mixed with SAPO-34 zeolite. The resulting catalysts exhibited higher selectivity to light olefins compared to a conventional oxide-zeolite catalyst. It was observed that the reaction is structure-sensitive, and the silver particle size influences the selectivity to light olefins
Fleys, Matthieu. „Conversion catalytique du méthane en gaz de synthèse par oxydation partielle“. Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2006. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/INPL/2006_FLEYS_M.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMethane is the main component of natural gas. It can be transformed into synthesis gas (H2+CO) by the partial oxidation reaction (POM). The main goal of this work is to understand the kinetic mechanism of the POM reaction in the presence of a catalyst. The reaction is carried out in two different kinds of reactor: a perfectly jet-stirred reactor where both gas phase and surface reactions can be studied simultaneously and a fixed bed reactor. In a first part, lanthanum oxide La2O3 is used as a catalyst. From comparisons between experimental and simulated data (Chemkin®/Chemkin Surface®), a hetero-homogeneous mechanism having the ability to explain experimental observations is proposed. In a second part, the efforts were focused on two nickel based catalysts (Ni/La2O3 and Ni/CeO2) which exhibit a good and stable activity. The discussion on the catalytic performances was done on the basis of experimental observations and catalyst characterizations
Ronsin, Gaël. „Acylation d'un alcool achiral et d'un thiol chiral par le méthylphénylcétène : catalyse et sélectivité“. Rouen, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999ROUES025.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleGay, Julien. „Synthèse de méthanethiol à partir de méthanol et d'H2S en présence de K2WO4/Al2O3“. Thesis, Poitiers, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014POIT2297.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMethanethiol (MeSH) is a key intermediate involved in the synthesis of methionine, an essential amino acid widely used in food-processing industry. Given that methionine market is constantly growing, optimizing MeSH production from methanol (MeOH) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is of paramount importance. The impact of key parameters, such as MeOH conversion, temperature, or H2S/MeOH molar ratio has been studied in a range consistent with industrial conditions. A strong inhibiting effect of water (which is the co-product of the reaction) has been highlighted, both on catalytic activity and selectivities towards the different products. However, carbon dioxide (CO2) and carbon monoxide (CO), which are non-recoverable products, have no influence on catalytic performances. A complete reaction scheme accounting for the formation of the different reaction products has been proposed. A kinetic model using Langmuir-Hinshelwood formalism was developed, which affords precise estimation of experimental data.Characterization of K2WO4/Al2O3 catalyst confirmed that acid-base dual sites were the active sites responsible for MeSH formation. Acidity is mainly brought by tungsten species whereas potassium addition allows increasing the basicity of the catalyst. Based on these observations, the catalytic performances of rare-earth based oxides, which possess stronger acidity and basicity, have been measured. These materials exhibit significantly higher activity than K2WO4/Al2O3 catalyst, with similar MeSH selectivity
Guillon, Morvan. „Développement de matériaux pour le couplage de la valorisation de CO2 avec l'électrolyse haute température (HTE) pour la production d'éthylène“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Strasbourg, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024STRAF026.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleEthylene production is a major energy challenge for the 21st century. The oxidative coupling of methane reaction enables ethylene to be produced from methane and oxygen. This reaction is therefore of particular interest as it enables ethylene production without dependence on petroleum feedstocks, which are mainly used for ethylene production. The aim of this study is to develop a material for insertion in the anode of a high-temperature electrolyzer to produce decarbonated ethylene from CO2. After a reduction step at the cathode of the same electrolyzer, methane can be produced using power-to-methane technology. Methane is injected at the anode of the electrolyzer to carry out the oxidative coupling of methane reaction. The materials developed in this work must therefore meet the characteristics associated with a good anode and act as a catalyst for the oxidative coupling of methane reaction. Mixed oxides were synthesized and characterized. The activity of the catalysts was evaluated on a laboratory scale, varying the operating parameters to determine the optimum conditions for delivering the best ethylene yield